{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/cucumis-melo/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "cucumis-melo",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000628914",
    "inat_taxon_id": 76538
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Cucumis melo",
    "authorship": "L.",
    "genus": "Cucumis",
    "epithet": "melo",
    "family": "Cucurbitaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Sp. Pl. : 1011 (1753)",
    "protologue_url": null,
    "common": {
      "preferred": "melon",
      "english": [
        "melon",
        "cantaloupe"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Cucumis acidus",
        "authorship": "Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) Grebenscikov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis agrestis subsp. figari",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Greb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis alba var. flavescens",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis albus",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis ambigua",
        "authorship": "Fenzl ex Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis arenarius",
        "authorship": "Schumach. & Thonn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis aromaticus",
        "authorship": "Royle"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis bardana",
        "authorship": "Fenzl ex Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis bisexualis",
        "authorship": "A.M.Lu & G.C.Wang"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis callosus",
        "authorship": "Cogn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis campechianus",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis cantalupensis",
        "authorship": "Haberle ex M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis cantalupo",
        "authorship": "Rchb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis chate",
        "authorship": "Hasselq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis chate",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis chinensis",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis chito",
        "authorship": "C.Morren"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis cicatrisatus",
        "authorship": "Stocks"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis cognata",
        "authorship": "Fenzl ex Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis conomon",
        "authorship": "Thunb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis conomon var. koreana",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis conomon var. rugosa",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis cubensis",
        "authorship": "Schrad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis cubensis var. costatus",
        "authorship": "M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis deliciosus",
        "authorship": "Salisb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis dudaim",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis eriocarpus",
        "authorship": "Boiss. & Noë"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis erivanicus",
        "authorship": "hort. ex Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. adzhur",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. curvatoalbus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. curvatoaurantiacus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. curvatoviridis",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. rectoalbus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. rectoauranticus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. rectoviridis",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. reflexus",
        "authorship": "Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis flexuosus var. terra",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis jamaicensis",
        "authorship": "Bert. ex Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis jucunda",
        "authorship": "F.Muell."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis laevigatus",
        "authorship": "Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis maculatus",
        "authorship": "Willd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. albidus",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. albus",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. depressus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. dissectifolius",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. dulcis",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. flavus",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. ginmakua",
        "authorship": "Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. grandifolius",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. hamikua",
        "authorship": "Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. kikumelon",
        "authorship": "Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. longus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. major",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. minor",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. rotundatus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. rugosus",
        "authorship": "Nakai ex Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. showamelon",
        "authorship": "Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. variegatus",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo f. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. adana",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. ameri",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. cantalupa",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. cassaba",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. chandalak",
        "authorship": "(Gabaev) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. chate",
        "authorship": "(Hasselq.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. chinensis",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. chinensis",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. conomon",
        "authorship": "(Thunb.) Greb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. cultus",
        "authorship": "(Kurz) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. dudaim",
        "authorship": "(L.) Greb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. europaeus",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. flexuosus",
        "authorship": "(L.) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. melo",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. microcarpus",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. rigidus",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "(H.Jacq.) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo subsp. zard",
        "authorship": "(Gabaev) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. acidulus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. adana",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. adress",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. aegyptiacus",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. aestivales",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. aethiopicus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. agrestis",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. albidus",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. alboviridis",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. ameri",
        "authorship": "Gabaev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. ananas-i-chair-verte",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. anatolicus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. arundel",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. atab",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. aurantiacus",
        "authorship": "(Harz) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. autumnales",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. azmirli",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. baqubensis",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. beida",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. bitariana",
        "authorship": "(Sickenb.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. bitarianus",
        "authorship": "(Sickenb.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. bos-valdy",
        "authorship": "E.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. buharici",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. bullock",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. burrells-gem",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cantalupa",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Gabaev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cantalupo",
        "authorship": "Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cantonianus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. casaba",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. chandalak",
        "authorship": "Gabaev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. chandaliak",
        "authorship": "Gabaiev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. chandlkak",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. chate",
        "authorship": "(Hasselq.) Sageret"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. chinensis",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. chito",
        "authorship": "(C.Morren) Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. conomon",
        "authorship": "(Thunb.) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cossonianus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cucurbitaceus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. cultus",
        "authorship": "Kurz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. dudaim",
        "authorship": "(L.) Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. dumeri",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. duripulposus",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. elongata",
        "authorship": "(Sickenb.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. elongatus",
        "authorship": "(Sickenb.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. erythraeus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. firany",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. flavus",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. flexuosus",
        "authorship": "(L.) Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. fraiduni",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. fucharici",
        "authorship": "E.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. gem-rocky",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. golobcresdael",
        "authorship": "E.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. gourbek",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. gracilior",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. hafednafse",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. hasanbey",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. hibernus",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. hiemalis",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. hime",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. honey-dew",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. inodorus",
        "authorship": "H.Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. khadra",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. kirukensis",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. longus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. macrocastanus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. macroleucus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. macropyrochrus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. maculatus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. major",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. makuwa",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. maltensis",
        "authorship": "Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. mansouri",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. mehanawy",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. melo",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. microcarpus",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. microcastanus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. microleucus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. micropyrochrus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. microspermus",
        "authorship": "Nakai ex Kitam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. minimus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. minutissimus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. momordica",
        "authorship": "(Roxb.) Cogn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. momordica",
        "authorship": "(Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. monoclinus",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. oblongus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. ovatus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. persicodorus",
        "authorship": "Seitz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. praecantalupa",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. praecox",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Kurz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. reticulatus",
        "authorship": "Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. rigidus",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. rotundus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. rugosus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. saccharinus",
        "authorship": "H.Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. saharunporensis",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. saidi",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. samarrensis",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. santawi",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. senani",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. shahd",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. shammam",
        "authorship": "Saidi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. shauki",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. shimmam",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. striata",
        "authorship": "(Sickenb.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. striatus",
        "authorship": "(Sickenb.) Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. suavis",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. tamago",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. tarra",
        "authorship": "Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. texanus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. tuzensis",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. utilissimus",
        "authorship": "(Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. vard",
        "authorship": "Gabaev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. variegatus",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. varigatus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. vaughans-original-osage",
        "authorship": "Hassib"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. virgatus",
        "authorship": "Chakrav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "H.Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. zaami",
        "authorship": "E.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. zard",
        "authorship": "Gabaev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. zebrinoaurantiacus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. zebrinoluteus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. zhukovskyi",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis melo var. zhukowskii",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Filov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis microcarpus",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis microsperma",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis microsperma var. rugosa",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis microspermus",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis microspermus var. koreanus",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis microspermus var. rugosus",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis momordica",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis moschatus",
        "authorship": "Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis odoratissimus",
        "authorship": "Moench"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis odoratissimus",
        "authorship": "W.M.Carp. ex Riddell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis officinarum-melo",
        "authorship": "Crantz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis orientalis",
        "authorship": "Kudr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pancherianus",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pedatifidus",
        "authorship": "Schrad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pentandrus",
        "authorship": "Roxb. ex Wight & Arn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis persicodorus",
        "authorship": "Seiz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis persicus",
        "authorship": "M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pictus",
        "authorship": "Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis princeps",
        "authorship": "Wender."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pseudocolocynthis",
        "authorship": "Wender."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pseudocolocynthis",
        "authorship": "Royle"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pubescens",
        "authorship": "Willd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis pyriformis",
        "authorship": "Roxb. ex Wight & Arn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis reflexus",
        "authorship": "Zeyh. ex Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis reginae",
        "authorship": "Schrad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis schraderianus",
        "authorship": "M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis serotinus",
        "authorship": "Haberle ex Seiz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis trigonus",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis turbinatus",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis umbilicatus",
        "authorship": "Salisb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis utilissimus",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucumis villosus",
        "authorship": "Boiss. & Noë"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cucurbita aspera",
        "authorship": "Sol. ex G.Forst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ecballium lambertianum",
        "authorship": "M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa acutangula var. subangulata",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Cogn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa aegyptiaca var. leiocarpa",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) Heiser & E.E.Schill."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa clavata",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa cylindrica",
        "authorship": "M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa cylindrica var. leiocarpa",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa cylindrica var. minima",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa cylindrica var. multiflora",
        "authorship": "(Spreng.) Domin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa hederacea",
        "authorship": "Wall. ex G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa jacquinii",
        "authorship": "Schrad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa leiocarpa",
        "authorship": "F.Muell."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa luffa",
        "authorship": "(L.) A.Lyons"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa parvula",
        "authorship": "Buch.-Ham. & G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa racemosa",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa satpatia",
        "authorship": "Buch.-Ham. ex G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa scabra",
        "authorship": "Schumach. & Thonn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa striata",
        "authorship": "Schrad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa veitchii",
        "authorship": "Naudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Luffa vittata",
        "authorship": "Zipp. ex Span."
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo adana",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo adzhur",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo ambiguua",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo ambiguus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo ameri",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo cantalupa",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo cantalupensis",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo cassaba",
        "authorship": "(Pangalo) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo chandalak",
        "authorship": "(Gabaev) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo chate",
        "authorship": "Sageret ex M.Roem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo chinensis",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo conomon",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo dudaim",
        "authorship": "(L.) Sageret"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo figari",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo flexuosus",
        "authorship": "(Naudin) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo microcarpus",
        "authorship": "(Alef.) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo monoclinus",
        "authorship": "Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo orientalis",
        "authorship": "(Kudr.) Nabiev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo persicus",
        "authorship": "Sageret"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo sativus",
        "authorship": "Sageret"
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo vulgaris",
        "authorship": "Cogn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Melo zard",
        "authorship": "(Gabaev) Pangalo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Momordica cylindrica",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Momordica lambertiana",
        "authorship": "Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Momordica sativa",
        "authorship": "Roxb. ex Wight & Arn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Pepo melopepo",
        "authorship": "Moench"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pepo verrucosus",
        "authorship": "Moench"
      },
      {
        "name": "Turia sativa",
        "authorship": "Forssk."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumis_melo"
  },
  "photographs": {
    "shown": 8,
    "usable_found": 211,
    "licences": [
      "CC-BY",
      "CC-BY-SA"
    ],
    "noncommercial_excluded": true,
    "items": [
      {
        "photo_id": 206197509,
        "license": "CC-BY-SA",
        "license_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": true,
        "creator": "Jalil R.",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/jalilr",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/0ec278a5-1704-496e-8f80-dfbf9c4cbacf",
        "observed_on": "2022-06-14",
        "lat": 17.996,
        "lon": -92.912,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/206197509/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/206197509/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/206197509/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/206197509/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Jalil R., CC BY-SA 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 194004181,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Joseph Aubert",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/cynodon",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/4f66e75e-bbbb-47ba-99e2-5d0f14a32864",
        "observed_on": "2022-05-02",
        "lat": 32.525,
        "lon": -92.644,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 576
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194004181/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194004181/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194004181/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194004181/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Joseph Aubert, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 194003724,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Joseph Aubert",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/cynodon",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/73ec213d-6087-4c91-a8f4-c7e089d13576",
        "observed_on": "2022-05-02",
        "lat": 32.525,
        "lon": -92.644,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 570
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194003724/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194003724/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194003724/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/194003724/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Joseph Aubert, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 183882779,
        "license": "CC-BY-SA",
        "license_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": true,
        "creator": "Greg Tasney",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/gregtasney",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/0c408857-bc62-48ad-9d8c-951af36d4c85",
        "observed_on": "2022-03-18",
        "lat": -25.502,
        "lon": 149.576,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 683
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/183882779/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/183882779/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/183882779/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/183882779/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 184112357,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Lyrae",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/lyrae",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7c83244a-7950-40b5-8b6e-bab72ddd23bf",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-13",
        "lat": 23.359,
        "lon": -106.502,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 802
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/184112357/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/184112357/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/184112357/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/184112357/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Lyrae, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 174573598,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Andrés Ramírez-Barrera",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/nicolasr",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/b3b716f1-c6fc-421d-8276-0957774f4a8a",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-01",
        "lat": 3.372,
        "lon": -76.506,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 683
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/174573598/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/174573598/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/174573598/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/174573598/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Andrés Ramírez-Barrera, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 171044226,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Tom Field",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/tomfeild",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/51b44823-35d3-441b-8f1e-357be51369ff",
        "observed_on": "2021-10-29",
        "lat": 25.851,
        "lon": -97.42,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 683
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/171044226/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/171044226/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/171044226/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/171044226/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Tom Field, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 160131169,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Pavel Kacl",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/pavel_kacl",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/08787f4d-b4f7-49e1-ac9a-be0475eef3c3",
        "observed_on": "2021-09-27",
        "lat": 43.699,
        "lon": 15.835,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/160131169/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/160131169/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/160131169/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/160131169/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Pavel Kacl, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "ANG",
      "CHA",
      "ERI",
      "ETH",
      "KEN",
      "MLW",
      "MOZ",
      "TVL",
      "SOM",
      "SUD",
      "TAN",
      "UGA",
      "ZAM",
      "ZIM",
      "AFG",
      "GST",
      "IRN",
      "IRQ",
      "LBS",
      "OMA",
      "PAL",
      "SAU",
      "YEM",
      "IND",
      "NWG",
      "PAK",
      "SRL",
      "NSW",
      "NTA",
      "QLD",
      "SOA",
      "WAU"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "ANG",
        "name": "Angola",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHA",
        "name": "Chad",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ERI",
        "name": "Eritrea",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ETH",
        "name": "Ethiopia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "KEN",
        "name": "Kenya",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLW",
        "name": "Malawi",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOZ",
        "name": "Mozambique",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TVL",
        "name": "Northern Provinces",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOM",
        "name": "Somalia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUD",
        "name": "Sudan-South Sudan",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TAN",
        "name": "Tanzania",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "UGA",
        "name": "Uganda",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZAM",
        "name": "Zambia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZIM",
        "name": "Zimbabwe",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "AFG",
        "name": "Afghanistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "GST",
        "name": "Gulf States",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRN",
        "name": "Iran",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRQ",
        "name": "Iraq",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "LBS",
        "name": "Lebanon-Syria",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "OMA",
        "name": "Oman",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAL",
        "name": "Palestine",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAU",
        "name": "Saudi Arabia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "YEM",
        "name": "Yemen",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "IND",
        "name": "India",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWG",
        "name": "New Guinea",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Papuasia"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAK",
        "name": "Pakistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "SRL",
        "name": "Sri Lanka",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "NSW",
        "name": "New South Wales",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NTA",
        "name": "Northern Territory",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "QLD",
        "name": "Queensland",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOA",
        "name": "South Australia",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "WAU",
        "name": "Western Australia",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 189,
    "n_annotated": 411,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
      5,
      2,
      3,
      2,
      7,
      11,
      19,
      39,
      42,
      34,
      18,
      7
    ],
    "annotated_by_month": [
      12,
      4,
      7,
      6,
      15,
      16,
      38,
      68,
      85,
      80,
      55,
      25
    ],
    "share": [
      0.4167,
      null,
      0.4286,
      0.3333,
      0.4667,
      0.6875,
      0.5,
      0.5735,
      0.4941,
      0.425,
      0.3273,
      0.28
    ],
    "ci": [
      [
        0.1933,
        0.6805
      ],
      null,
      [
        0.1582,
        0.7495
      ],
      [
        0.0968,
        0.7
      ],
      [
        0.2481,
        0.6988
      ],
      [
        0.444,
        0.8584
      ],
      [
        0.3485,
        0.6515
      ],
      [
        0.4552,
        0.684
      ],
      [
        0.3904,
        0.5983
      ],
      [
        0.3226,
        0.5343
      ],
      [
        0.2181,
        0.459
      ],
      [
        0.1428,
        0.4758
      ]
    ],
    "peak_month": 6,
    "peak_basis": "share",
    "min_month_n": 5,
    "fruiting": {
      "n": 255,
      "by_month": [
        9,
        2,
        5,
        5,
        8,
        4,
        21,
        39,
        44,
        54,
        43,
        21
      ],
      "share": [
        0.75,
        null,
        0.7143,
        0.8333,
        0.5333,
        0.25,
        0.5526,
        0.5735,
        0.5176,
        0.675,
        0.7818,
        0.84
      ],
      "ci": [
        [
          0.4677,
          0.9111
        ],
        null,
        [
          0.3589,
          0.9178
        ],
        [
          0.4365,
          0.9699
        ],
        [
          0.3012,
          0.7519
        ],
        [
          0.1018,
          0.495
        ],
        [
          0.3971,
          0.6985
        ],
        [
          0.4552,
          0.684
        ],
        [
          0.413,
          0.6208
        ],
        [
          0.5664,
          0.7676
        ],
        [
          0.6563,
          0.8705
        ],
        [
          0.6535,
          0.936
        ]
      ],
      "peak_month": 12
    },
    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "scrambling perennial",
    "climate": "seasonally dry tropical"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 12.7,
      "median": 20.5,
      "p95": 26.9
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 88.7,
      "median": 632.6,
      "p95": 863
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 27.1,
      "median": 33.6,
      "p95": 38.3
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -3.6,
      "median": 7.2,
      "p95": 22
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 490.2,
      "median": 964.1,
      "p95": 1849.1
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 13.9,
      "median": 29,
      "p95": 117.7
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 8.1,
      "median": 172.8,
      "p95": 334.8
    },
    "n": 2067,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2067 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/cucumis-melo/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}