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  "last_modified": "2025-03-19",
  "id": {
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    "wfo": "wfo-1000026526",
    "inat_taxon_id": 1590345
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Crepidomanes parvulum",
    "authorship": "(Poir.) Nivart, Senterre & Dubuisson",
    "genus": "Crepidomanes",
    "epithet": "parvulum",
    "family": "Hymenophyllaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Phytotaxa 523(1): 123 (2021)",
    "protologue_url": "https://pteridogroup.github.io/",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "tiny bristle fern",
      "english": [
        "tiny bristle fern"
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      "source": "usda"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes bonincola",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Seriz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes mannii",
        "authorship": "(Hook.) J.P.Roux"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes minutum",
        "authorship": "(Blume) K.Iwats."
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes minutum subsp. proliferum",
        "authorship": "(Blume) T.C.Hsu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes minutum var. mascarenensis",
        "authorship": "Pynee & Dubuisson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes novoguineense",
        "authorship": "(Brause) Parris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes proliferum",
        "authorship": "(Blume) Bostock"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes proliferum var. minutum",
        "authorship": "(Blume) C.A.Hameed ex Easa"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes ruwenzoriense",
        "authorship": "(Taton) J.P.Roux"
      },
      {
        "name": "Crepidomanes teysmannii",
        "authorship": "(Bosch) Parris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus alagensis",
        "authorship": "(Christ) Copel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus assimilis",
        "authorship": "(Mett.) Parris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus australis",
        "authorship": "Ching"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus bonincola",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Tagawa"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus diffusus",
        "authorship": "(Blume) Bosch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus latilabiatus",
        "authorship": "(E.Brown) Copel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus mannii",
        "authorship": "Copel. ex G.Kunkel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus matthewii",
        "authorship": "(Christ) Ching"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus minutus",
        "authorship": "(Blume) Bosch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus novoguineensis",
        "authorship": "(Brause) Copel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus palmatus",
        "authorship": "Bosch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus prolifer",
        "authorship": "Prantl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus ruwenzoriensis",
        "authorship": "(Taton) Pic.Serm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus siamensis",
        "authorship": "Tagawa & K.Iwats."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonocormus teysmannii",
        "authorship": "(Bosch) Bosch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Microtrichomanes parvulum",
        "authorship": "(Poir.Lam.) Copel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphaerocionium diffusum",
        "authorship": "Hassk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes alagense",
        "authorship": "Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes assimile",
        "authorship": "Mett.; Kuhn"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes bifolium",
        "authorship": "Blume"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes bonincola",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes brooksii",
        "authorship": "Copel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes diffusum",
        "authorship": "Blume"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes gracile",
        "authorship": "Bosch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes hosei",
        "authorship": "Baker"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes latilabiatum",
        "authorship": "E.Brown"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes lepervanchei",
        "authorship": "Cordem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes mannii",
        "authorship": "Hook."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes mascarenense",
        "authorship": "(Pynee & Dubuisson) Christenh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes matthewii",
        "authorship": "Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes minutum",
        "authorship": "Blume"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes musolense",
        "authorship": "Brause"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes novoguineense",
        "authorship": "Brause"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes orbiculatum",
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      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes palmatum",
        "authorship": "C.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes parvulum",
        "authorship": "Poir."
      },
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        "name": "Trichomanes proliferum",
        "authorship": "Blume"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes proliferum f. minutum",
        "authorship": "(Blume) Manickam & Irudarajay"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes proliferum var. minutum",
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        "name": "Trichomanes ruwenzoriense",
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        "name": "Trichomanes subpinnatifidum",
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        "name": "Trichomanes subtilissimum",
        "authorship": "Brause"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichomanes subtrifidum",
        "authorship": "Matthew & Christ"
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        "name": "Trichomanes teysmannii",
        "authorship": "Bosch"
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        "name": "Bismarck Archipelago",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Papuasia"
      },
      {
        "code": "BOR",
        "name": "Borneo",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CBD",
        "name": "Cambodia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "XMS",
        "name": "Christmas I.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "IND",
        "name": "India",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "JAW",
        "name": "Jawa",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "LSI",
        "name": "Lesser Sunda Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLY",
        "name": "Malaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOL",
        "name": "Maluku",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MYA",
        "name": "Myanmar",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWG",
        "name": "New Guinea",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Papuasia"
      },
      {
        "code": "PHI",
        "name": "Philippines",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOL",
        "name": "Solomon Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Papuasia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SRL",
        "name": "Sri Lanka",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUL",
        "name": "Sulawesi",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUM",
        "name": "Sumatera",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "THA",
        "name": "Thailand",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "VIE",
        "name": "Vietnam",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "NSW",
        "name": "New South Wales",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NFK",
        "name": "Norfolk Is.",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "QLD",
        "name": "Queensland",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CRL",
        "name": "Caroline Is.",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Northwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "FIJ",
        "name": "Fiji",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Southwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "HAW",
        "name": "Hawaii",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "North-Central Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "MRN",
        "name": "Marianas",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Northwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "MRQ",
        "name": "Marquesas",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "South-Central Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWC",
        "name": "New Caledonia",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Southwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAM",
        "name": "Samoa",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Southwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "SCI",
        "name": "Society Is.",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "South-Central Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "TON",
        "name": "Tonga",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Southwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "VAN",
        "name": "Vanuatu",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Southwestern Pacific"
      },
      {
        "code": "WAL",
        "name": "Wallis-Futuna Is.",
        "continent": "PACIFIC",
        "region": "Southwestern Pacific"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": null,
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "epiphyte or lithophyte",
    "climate": "wet tropical"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 16,
      "median": 21.8,
      "p95": 23.8
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 103.9,
      "median": 359.7,
      "p95": 718.3
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 23.3,
      "median": 27.7,
      "p95": 30.9
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": 2.5,
      "median": 12.7,
      "p95": 20.7
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 961.5,
      "median": 3012.5,
      "p95": 4722.6
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 18.2,
      "median": 40.3,
      "p95": 83.6
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 104.5,
      "median": 383.8,
      "p95": 810.5
    },
    "n": 513,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 513 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "USDA PLANTS Database",
      "note": "common name, checklist symbol TRMI9",
      "license": "public domain",
      "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/crepidomanes-parvulum/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}