Cravenia panduriformis(Burm.f.) McLay & R.L.Barrett

WFO wfo-1000065404 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 6 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 6 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by Brendan Costello
fig. a Brendan Costello, CC BY 4.0 / 2021-10-10 / obs. 163242996
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by i_c_riddell
fig. b i_c_riddell, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 32371242
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by i_c_riddell
fig. c i_c_riddell, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 184468691
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by i_c_riddell
fig. d i_c_riddell, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 183239915
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by i_c_riddell
fig. e i_c_riddell, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 32371108
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by rosshawkins
fig. f rosshawkins, CC0 1.0 / obs. 196242284
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by rosshawkins
fig. g rosshawkins, CC0 1.0 / obs. 196242091
Cravenia panduriformis, photographed by Tony Rebelo
fig. h Tony Rebelo, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 182964604

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 39 botanical countries

Regions where Cravenia panduriformis is native: Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, DR Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Yemen, Assam, Bangladesh, India, Lesser Sunda Is., Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia AngolaBeninBurkinaBurundiCameroonChadDR CongoEritreaEthiopiaGhanaIvory CoastKenyaMadagascarMalawiMaliMauritaniaMozambiqueNigerNigeriaRwandaSenegalSomaliaSudan-South SudanTanzaniaTogoUgandaZambiaZimbabweYemenAssamBangladeshIndiaLesser Sunda Is.MyanmarSri LankaSulawesiNorthern TerritoryQueenslandWestern Australia
Native distribution of Cravenia panduriformis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Angola ANG AFRICA
Benin BEN
Burkina BKN
Burundi BUR
Cameroon CMN
Chad CHA
DR Congo ZAI
Eritrea ERI
Ethiopia ETH
Ghana GHA
Ivory Coast IVO
Kenya KEN
Madagascar MDG
Malawi MLW
Mali MLI
Mauritania MTN
Mozambique MOZ
Niger NGR
Nigeria NGA
Rwanda RWA
Senegal SEN
Somalia SOM
Sudan-South Sudan SUD
Tanzania TAN
Togo TOG
Uganda UGA
Zambia ZAM
Zimbabwe ZIM
Assam ASS ASIA-TROPICAL
Bangladesh BAN
India IND
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI
Myanmar MYA
Sri Lanka SRL
Sulawesi SUL
Northern Territory NTA AUSTRALASIA
Queensland QLD
Western Australia WAU
Yemen YEM ASIA-TEMPERATE

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 38 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 7.2 °C 13.2 °C 17.4 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 26.9 °C 33.0 °C 40.4 °C
Annual rainfall 436 mm 820 mm 1,284 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 3 mm 6 mm 35 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 38 research-grade observations of Cravenia panduriformis that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 12 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Abelmoschus panduriformis (Burm.f.) Hassk.
  • Hibiscus friesii Ulbr.
  • Hibiscus mollis Zipp. ex Span.
  • Hibiscus multistipulatus Garcke
  • Hibiscus panduriformis Burm.f.
  • Hibiscus panduriformis var. tubulosus (Cav.) Hochr.
  • Hibiscus senegalensis Guill. & Perr.
  • Hibiscus stipularis Salisb.
  • Hibiscus tubulosus Cav.
  • Hibiscus velutinus DC.
  • Parita panduriformis Scop.
  • Triplochiton setosa Alef.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.