Cinchona pubescensVahl

quinine

WFO wfo-0000862489 Accepted WFO 2026-06 3 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–c · 2 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 2 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Cinchona pubescens, photographed by GERMAN LEONEL SARMIENTO CRUZ
fig. a GERMAN LEONEL SARMIENTO CRUZ, CC BY 4.0 / 2021-08-01 / obs. 147939246

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 7 botanical countries

Regions where Cinchona pubescens is native: Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panamá, Peru, Venezuela BoliviaColombiaCosta RicaEcuadorPanamáPeruVenezuela
Native distribution of Cinchona pubescens, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Bolivia BOL SOUTHERN AMERICA
Colombia CLM
Costa Rica COS
Ecuador ECU
Panamá PAN
Peru PER
Venezuela VEN

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 87 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 6.5 °C 20.2 °C 20.4 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 17.1 °C 25.5 °C 27.0 °C
Annual rainfall 1,409 mm 1,597 mm 4,295 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 88 mm 97 mm 380 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 87 research-grade observations of Cinchona pubescens that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 55 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Cinchona caloptera Miq.
  • Cinchona chomeliana Wedd.
  • Cinchona colorata C.J.Laubert ex B.D.Jacks.
  • Cinchona cordifolia Mutis
  • Cinchona cordifolia Mutis ex Humb.
  • Cinchona cordifolia var. macrocarpa Wedd. ex Howard
  • Cinchona cordifolia var. microcarpa Howard
  • Cinchona cordifolia var. peruviana Howard
  • Cinchona cordifolia var. rotundifolia (Pav. ex Lamb.) Wedd.
  • Cinchona cordifolia var. vera Wedd.
  • Cinchona coronulata Miq.
  • Cinchona decurrentifolia Pav.
  • Cinchona elliptica Wedd.
  • Cinchona goudotiana Klotzsch ex Triana
  • Cinchona govana Miq.
  • Cinchona howardiana Kuntze
  • Cinchona lechleriana Schltdl.
  • Cinchona lutea Pav.
  • Cinchona morado Ruiz
  • Cinchona obovata Pav. ex Howard
  • Cinchona ovata Ruiz & Pav.
  • Cinchona ovata var. rufinervis (Wedd.) Wedd.
  • Cinchona ovata var. vulgaris Wedd.
  • Cinchona palescens Vell.

and 31 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.