Cenchrus caliculatusCav.

WFO wfo-0000858568 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 5 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 5 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Cenchrus caliculatus, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. a Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / 2022-01-09 / obs. 175349590

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 22 botanical countries

Regions where Cenchrus caliculatus is native: Lesser Sunda Is., New Guinea, Kermadec Is., New South Wales, New Zealand North, Norfolk Is., Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia, Cook Is., Fiji, Hawaii, Marquesas, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Samoa, Society Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu Lesser Sunda Is.New GuineaNew South WalesNew Zealand NorthNorthern TerritoryQueenslandWestern AustraliaFijiHawaiiNew Caledonia Kermadec Is.Norfolk Is.Cook Is.MarquesasNiuePitcairn Is.SamoaSociety Is.TongaTuamotuTubuai Is.Vanuatu
Native distribution of Cenchrus caliculatus, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Cook Is. COO PACIFIC
Fiji FIJ
Hawaii HAW
Marquesas MRQ
New Caledonia NWC
Niue NUE
Pitcairn Is. PIT
Samoa SAM
Society Is. SCI
Tonga TON
Tuamotu TUA
Tubuai Is. TUB
Vanuatu VAN
Kermadec Is. KER AUSTRALASIA
New South Wales NSW
New Zealand North NZN
Norfolk Is. NFK
Northern Territory NTA
Queensland QLD
Western Australia WAU
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI ASIA-TROPICAL
New Guinea NWG

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 71 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 3.8 °C 8.1 °C 13.7 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 23.4 °C 26.3 °C 29.8 °C
Annual rainfall 768 mm 904 mm 1,625 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 99 mm 149 mm 225 mm

It is found where winters are cool but frost is light or absent. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 71 research-grade observations of Cenchrus caliculatus that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 7 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Cenchrus anomoplexis Labill.
  • Cenchrus australis R.Br.
  • Cenchrus australis var. latifolius Drake
  • Cenchrus laniflorus Steud.
  • Cenchrus taitensis Steud.
  • Pennisetum calyculatum (Cav.) Spreng.
  • Pennisetum marquisense F.Br.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.