Celtis tetrandraRoxb.

WFO wfo-0000593783 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Celtis tetrandra, photographed by Jie-Hao Ou
fig. a Jie-Hao Ou, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-02-02 / obs. 178009720
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by chiuluan
fig. b chiuluan, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 175359139
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by Cheng-Tao Lin
fig. c Cheng-Tao Lin, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 59102930
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by Cheng-Tao Lin
fig. d Cheng-Tao Lin, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 56453348
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by Jacy Chen
fig. e Jacy Chen, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 105772096
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by Cheng-Tao Lin
fig. f Cheng-Tao Lin, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 14060284
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by Siddarth Machado
fig. g Siddarth Machado, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 60950970
Celtis tetrandra, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. h 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 31510922

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 19 botanical countries

Regions where Celtis tetrandra is native: China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Taiwan, Tibet, Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya China South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanTaiwanTibetAssamBangladeshEast HimalayaIndiaJawaLaosLesser Sunda Is.MyanmarNepalPakistanSumateraThailandVietnamWest Himalaya
Native distribution of Celtis tetrandra, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Assam ASS ASIA-TROPICAL
Bangladesh BAN
East Himalaya EHM
India IND
Jawa JAW
Laos LAO
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
Pakistan PAK
Sumatera SUM
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
West Himalaya WHM
China South-Central CHC ASIA-TEMPERATE
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Taiwan TAI
Tibet CHT

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 1,147 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 8.5 °C 12.0 °C 15.5 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 25.9 °C 29.3 °C 31.2 °C
Annual rainfall 2,168 mm 3,173 mm 4,385 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 115 mm 244 mm 715 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 1,147 research-grade observations of Celtis tetrandra that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 19 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Celtis acata Buch.-Ham.
  • Celtis alpina Royle
  • Celtis fengqingensis Hu ex E.W.Ma
  • Celtis formosana Hayata
  • Celtis glabra Planch.
  • Celtis hamiltonii Planch.
  • Celtis kunmingensis C.C.Cheng & D.Y.Hong
  • Celtis mollis Planch.
  • Celtis napalensis Planch.
  • Celtis roxburghii Planch.
  • Celtis salvatiana C.K.Schneid.
  • Celtis serotina Planch.
  • Celtis sinensis var. tetrandra (Roxb.) F.Y.Lu, C.H.Ou, Y.T.Chen, Y.S.Chi, K.C.Lu & Y.H.Tseng
  • Celtis tetrandra f. pendula Y.Q.Zhu
  • Celtis trinervia Roxb.
  • Celtis wallichii Steud.
  • Celtis xizangensis E.W.Ma
  • Celtis yunnanensis C.K.Schneid.
  • Sponia tetrandra Voigt

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.