Celtis philippensisBlanco

WFO wfo-0000593688 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 3 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 3 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Celtis philippensis, photographed by T R Shankar Raman
fig. a T R Shankar Raman, CC BY 4.0 / 2020-11-27 / obs. 105863766
Celtis philippensis, photographed by T R Shankar Raman
fig. b T R Shankar Raman, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 105863785
Celtis philippensis, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. c 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 165243606
Celtis philippensis, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. d 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 165770876
Celtis philippensis, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. e 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 165770883
Celtis philippensis, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. f 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 165243655
Celtis philippensis, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. g 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 165770874
Celtis philippensis, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. h 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 165243597

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 25 botanical countries

Regions where Celtis philippensis is native: China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Taiwan, Andaman Is., Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia China South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanTaiwanBismarck ArchipelagoBorneoIndiaJawaLaosLesser Sunda Is.MalayaMalukuMyanmarNew GuineaPhilippinesSolomon Is.Sri LankaSulawesiSumateraThailandVietnamNorthern TerritoryQueenslandWestern Australia Andaman Is.
Native distribution of Celtis philippensis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Andaman Is. AND ASIA-TROPICAL
Bismarck Archipelago BIS
Borneo BOR
India IND
Jawa JAW
Laos LAO
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI
Malaya MLY
Maluku MOL
Myanmar MYA
New Guinea NWG
Philippines PHI
Solomon Is. SOL
Sri Lanka SRL
Sulawesi SUL
Sumatera SUM
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
China South-Central CHC ASIA-TEMPERATE
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Taiwan TAI
Northern Territory NTA AUSTRALASIA
Queensland QLD
Western Australia WAU

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 63 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 12.2 °C 19.9 °C 21.1 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 27.6 °C 29.0 °C 36.8 °C
Annual rainfall 1,143 mm 2,379 mm 3,286 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 24 mm 261 mm 475 mm

It is not found anywhere that gets close to freezing. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 63 research-grade observations of Celtis philippensis that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 22 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Bosea trinervia Roxb.
  • Celtis brevinervis (Blume) Planch.
  • Celtis collinsae Craib
  • Celtis djungiel (Blume) Planch.
  • Celtis hasseltii (Blume) Planch.
  • Celtis laurifolia (Blume) Planch.
  • Celtis mindanaensis Elmer
  • Celtis multifolia Elmer ex Merr.
  • Celtis philippensis var. consimilis J.-F.Leroy
  • Celtis philippensis var. philippensis
  • Celtis philippensis var. wightii (Planch.) Soepadmo
  • Celtis trinervia (Roxb.) Koord.
  • Celtis wightii Planch.
  • Celtis wightii var. consimilis (Blume) Gagnep.
  • Solenostigma brevinerve Blume
  • Solenostigma consimile Blume
  • Solenostigma djungiel Blume
  • Solenostigma hasseltii Blume
  • Solenostigma laurifolium Blume
  • Solenostigma philippinensis (Blanco) Blume
  • Solenostigma wightii Blume
  • Sponia strychnifolia Teijsm. & Binn.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.