Celtis australisL.

Nettle TreeEuropean hackberry

WFO wfo-0000593422 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Celtis australis, photographed by Murielle Desrois
fig. a Murielle Desrois, CC0 1.0 / 2022-05-24 / obs. 200242466
Celtis australis, photographed by Murielle Desrois
fig. b Murielle Desrois, CC0 1.0 / obs. 200242492
Celtis australis, photographed by CorentinD
fig. c CorentinD, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 198130824
Celtis australis, photographed by Josep Gesti
fig. d Josep Gesti, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 192955827
Celtis australis, photographed by Tim Johnson
fig. e Tim Johnson, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 185169873
Celtis australis, photographed by Quentin Groom
fig. f Quentin Groom, CC0 1.0 / obs. 168193955
Celtis australis, photographed by Quentin Groom
fig. g Quentin Groom, CC0 1.0 / obs. 167610466
Celtis australis, photographed by Ezequiel Vera
fig. h Ezequiel Vera, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 164992764

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 24 botanical countries

Regions where Celtis australis is native: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Albania, Baleares, Bulgaria, Corse, France, Greece, Italy, NW. Balkan Pen., Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Türkiye-in-Europe AlgeriaMoroccoTunisiaCyprusEast Aegean Is.IranLebanon-SyriaPalestineTranscaucasusTürkiyeAlbaniaBulgariaCorseFranceGreeceItalyNW. Balkan Pen.PortugalRomaniaSiciliaSpainTürkiye-in-Europe BalearesSardegna
Native distribution of Celtis australis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Albania ALB EUROPE
Baleares BAL
Bulgaria BUL
Corse COR
France FRA
Greece GRC
Italy ITA
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Portugal POR
Romania ROM
Sardegna SAR
Sicilia SIC
Spain SPA
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE
Cyprus CYP ASIA-TEMPERATE
East Aegean Is. EAI
Iran IRN
Lebanon-Syria LBS
Palestine PAL
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR
Algeria ALG AFRICA
Morocco MOR
Tunisia TUN

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 8 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Celtis australis A.Rich.
  • Celtis australis f. variegata Schelle ex Geerinck
  • Celtis australis var. panormitana Raimondo & Venturella
  • Celtis betulifolia Vandas
  • Celtis excelsa Salisb.
  • Celtis kotschyana Steven
  • Celtis lutea Pers.
  • Celtis serrata Dippel

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.