Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations
Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.
Native range 2 botanical countries
| Region | TDWG code | Continent |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | JAP | ASIA-TEMPERATE |
| Korea | KOR |
Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.
Where it actually grows measured, from 506 observations
| Condition | 5th percentile | Median | 95th percentile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coldest month, mean daily low | -10.5 °C | -2.1 °C | 3.3 °C |
| Warmest month, mean daily high | 24.2 °C | 28.1 °C | 30.6 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 1,279 mm | 1,578 mm | 2,575 mm |
| Rainfall in the driest quarter | 70 mm | 168 mm | 430 mm |
It is found where winters bring hard frost. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 506 research-grade observations of Castanea crenata that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.
This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.
Also published as 49 synonyms
A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.
- Castanea castanea var. pubinervis Sarg.
- Castanea chinensis Hassk.
- Castanea crenata f. femina (Makino) Sugim.
- Castanea crenata f. gigantea Makino
- Castanea crenata f. imperfecta (Makino) Sugim.
- Castanea crenata f. pendula (Miyoshi) Sugim.
- Castanea crenata f. pleiocarpa (Makino) Sugim.
- Castanea crenata f. pulchella (Honda) Sugim.
- Castanea crenata f. syakacephala (Makino) Sugim.
- Castanea crenata var. canescens (Blume) Koidz.
- Castanea crenata var. caudata Miyoshi
- Castanea crenata var. dulcis Nakai
- Castanea crenata var. elongata (Blume) A.Camus
- Castanea crenata var. femina Makino
- Castanea crenata var. imperfecta Makino
- Castanea crenata var. japonica (Blume) Koidz.
- Castanea crenata var. kawasei Sugim.
- Castanea crenata var. kusakuri Nakai
- Castanea crenata var. longispina (Blume) A.Camus
- Castanea crenata var. microcarpa Makino
- Castanea crenata var. obtexta (Blume) A.Camus
- Castanea crenata var. ookasi (Blume) A.Camus
- Castanea crenata var. pendula Miyoshi
- Castanea crenata var. pleiocarpa Makino
and 25 more.
Sourcesevery claim on this page
- World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
- iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
- Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
- Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.