Cantinoa mutabilis(Rich.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore

tropical bushmint

WFO wfo-0001333526 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Cantinoa mutabilis, photographed by natalie
fig. a natalie, CC0 1.0 / 2022-06-06 / obs. 203950712

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 35 botanical countries

Regions where Cantinoa mutabilis is native: Florida, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Windward Is. FloridaMexico CentralMexico GulfMexico NortheastMexico NorthwestMexico SoutheastMexico SouthwestArgentina NortheastArgentina NorthwestBoliviaBrazil NorthBrazil NortheastBrazil SouthBrazil West-CentralColombiaCosta RicaCubaDominican RepublicEcuadorEl SalvadorFrench GuianaGuatemalaHaitiHondurasJamaicaNicaraguaPanamáParaguayPeruSurinameTrinidad-TobagoUruguayVenezuela Leeward Is.Windward Is.
Native distribution of Cantinoa mutabilis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Argentina Northeast AGE SOUTHERN AMERICA
Argentina Northwest AGW
Bolivia BOL
Brazil North BZN
Brazil Northeast BZE
Brazil South BZS
Brazil West-Central BZC
Colombia CLM
Costa Rica COS
Cuba CUB
Dominican Republic DOM
Ecuador ECU
El Salvador ELS
French Guiana FRG
Guatemala GUA
Haiti HAI
Honduras HON
Jamaica JAM
Leeward Is. LEE
Nicaragua NIC
Panamá PAN
Paraguay PAR
Peru PER
Suriname SUR
Trinidad-Tobago TRT
Uruguay URU
Venezuela VEN
Windward Is. WIN
Florida FLA NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Central MXC
Mexico Gulf MXG
Mexico Northeast MXE
Mexico Northwest MXN
Mexico Southeast MXT
Mexico Southwest MXS

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 366 in flower of 406 examined

Proportion of examined Cantinoa mutabilis in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 11 14 79% 52% to 92%
Feb 18 20 90% 70% to 97%
Mar 10 14 71% 45% to 88%
Apr 16 25 64% 45% to 80%
May 25 31 81% 64% to 91%
Jun 36 41 88% 74% to 95%
Jul 44 48 92% 80% to 97%
Aug 58 59 98% 91% to 100%
Sep 56 58 97% 88% to 99%
Oct 43 44 98% 88% to 100%
Nov 28 29 97% 83% to 99%
Dec 21 23 91% 73% to 98%

Peak flowering in Aug. Each bar is the share of Cantinoa mutabilis observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 366 of 406 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 2,021 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 4.0 °C 8.2 °C 14.4 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 24.8 °C 31.7 °C 32.9 °C
Annual rainfall 950 mm 1,348 mm 1,927 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 29 mm 200 mm 348 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 2,021 research-grade observations of Cantinoa mutabilis that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 38 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Hyptis arvensis Poepp. ex Benth.
  • Hyptis aspera M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Hyptis barbata Schrank
  • Hyptis canaminensis Rusby
  • Hyptis canescens Kunth
  • Hyptis canescens var. arvensis Benth.
  • Hyptis kerberi Gand.
  • Hyptis micrantha Pohl ex Benth.
  • Hyptis mutabilis (Rich.) Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. bromfieldii (Benth.) Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. canescens (Kunth) Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. cuneata Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. micrantha (Pohl ex Benth.) Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. pavoniana Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. polystachya (Kunth) Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. rostrata (Salzm. ex Benth.) Briq.
  • Hyptis mutabilis var. spicata (Poit.) Briq.
  • Hyptis polystachya Kunth
  • Hyptis racemosa Willd. ex Benth.
  • Hyptis rostrata Salzm. ex Benth.
  • Hyptis singularis Glaz.
  • Hyptis spicata Poit.
  • Hyptis spicata var. bromfieldii Benth.
  • Hyptis spicata var. micrantha (Pohl ex Benth.) Benth.

and 14 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. USDA PLANTS Database. common name, checklist symbol HYMU2. public domain. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.