Campanula tracheliumL.

bats in the belfrynettle-leaved bellflower

WFO wfo-0000829176 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Campanula trachelium, photographed by Марина Садыкова
fig. a Марина Садыкова, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-06-12 / obs. 205693006
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Anastasia_Surkova
fig. b Anastasia_Surkova, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 205902515
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Aleksei Baushev
fig. c Aleksei Baushev, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203317923
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Aleksei Baushev
fig. d Aleksei Baushev, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 201623109
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Tobias Schönberg
fig. e Tobias Schönberg, CC0 1.0 / obs. 202261262
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Силаева Татьяна Борисовна
fig. f Силаева Татьяна Борисовна, CC0 1.0 / obs. 197059526
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Stephen James McWilliam
fig. g Stephen James McWilliam, CC0 1.0 / obs. 194269756
Campanula trachelium, photographed by Татьяна Горбушина
fig. h Татьяна Горбушина, CC0 1.0 / obs. 194349464

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 42 botanical countries

Regions where Campanula trachelium is native: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Altay, Iran, Kazakhstan, Lebanon-Syria, Türkiye, West Siberia, Albania, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, East European Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Krym, Netherlands, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, NW. Balkan Pen., Poland, Romania, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine AlgeriaMoroccoTunisiaAltayIranKazakhstanLebanon-SyriaTürkiyeWest SiberiaAlbaniaAustriaBaltic StatesBelarusBelgiumBulgariaCentral European RussiaCzechia-SlovakiaDenmarkEast European RussiaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyKrymNetherlandsNorth European RussiaNorthwest European RussiaNorwayNW. Balkan Pen.PolandRomaniaSiciliaSouth European RussiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTürkiye-in-EuropeUkraine
Native distribution of Campanula trachelium, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Albania ALB EUROPE
Austria AUT
Baltic States BLT
Belarus BLR
Belgium BGM
Bulgaria BUL
Central European Russia RUC
Czechia-Slovakia CZE
Denmark DEN
East European Russia RUE
Finland FIN
France FRA
Germany GER
Great Britain GRB
Greece GRC
Hungary HUN
Ireland IRE
Italy ITA
Krym KRY
Netherlands NET
North European Russia RUN
Northwest European Russia RUW
Norway NOR
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Poland POL
Romania ROM
Sicilia SIC
South European Russia RUS
Spain SPA
Sweden SWE
Switzerland SWI
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE
Ukraine UKR
Altay ALT ASIA-TEMPERATE
Iran IRN
Kazakhstan KAZ
Lebanon-Syria LBS
Türkiye TUR
West Siberia WSB
Algeria ALG AFRICA
Morocco MOR
Tunisia TUN

Not drawn on the map: Great Britain. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 1,630 in flower of 1,735 examined

Peak flowering in Jan. Each bar is the share of Campanula trachelium observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 1,630 of 1,735 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. One month has fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for it. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 36 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Campanula athoa Boiss. & Heldr.
  • Campanula cordata Peterm.
  • Campanula mauritanica Pomel
  • Campanula oligosantha Schur
  • Campanula plicatula Dumort.
  • Campanula serratifolia Vuk.
  • Campanula trachelioides Munby
  • Campanula trachelium f. alba Voss
  • Campanula trachelium f. glabra Pamp.
  • Campanula trachelium f. maroccana Quézel
  • Campanula trachelium f. numidica Quézel
  • Campanula trachelium subsp. dasycarpa A.DC. ex Arcang.
  • Campanula trachelium var. albiflora Peterm.
  • Campanula trachelium var. cordifolia Noulet
  • Campanula trachelium var. gymnocarpa Trautv.
  • Campanula trachelium var. hirta Quézel
  • Campanula trachelium var. hispida Peterm.
  • Campanula trachelium var. leucantha Schur
  • Campanula trachelium var. mauritanica (Pomel) Batt.
  • Campanula trachelium var. monstrosa A.DC.
  • Campanula trachelium var. munbyana Quézel
  • Campanula trachelium var. nuda Kuntze
  • Campanula trachelium var. oligosantha (Schur) Nyman
  • Campanula trachelium var. orientalis Boiss.

and 12 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.