Campanula saxifragaM.Bieb.

WFO wfo-0000828798 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Campanula saxifraga, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. a Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / 2019-07-21 / obs. 58575982
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. b Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 49074319
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. c Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 48750437
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. d Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 48654780
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. e Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 56602667
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by stn ktn
fig. f stn ktn, CC0 1.0 / obs. 139487848
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by Nevlyutov Marat
fig. g Nevlyutov Marat, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 94301543
Campanula saxifraga, photographed by simon1988
fig. h simon1988, CC0 1.0 / obs. 41648872

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Accession
K005303049
Filed as
Campanula saxifraga M.Bieb.
Det. by
not recorded on this sheet
Collected
s.coll.
Origin
BG
The sheet
View the digitised specimen (CC BY 4.0)

A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. The holding institution does not serve this sheet’s image to third parties, so there is no photograph here. The record is real and the link goes to it. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all herbarium sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.

Native range 5 botanical countries

Regions where Campanula saxifraga is native: Iran, Iraq, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Türkiye IranIraqNorth CaucasusTranscaucasusTürkiye
Native distribution of Campanula saxifraga, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Iran IRN ASIA-TEMPERATE
Iraq IRQ
North Caucasus NCS
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 184 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -19.5 °C -14.4 °C -8.5 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 11.4 °C 15.4 °C 21.4 °C
Annual rainfall 922 mm 1,902 mm 3,224 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 78 mm 313 mm 596 mm

It is found where winters are severely cold. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 184 research-grade observations of Campanula saxifraga that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 48 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Campanula affinis Fisch. ex Rupr.
  • Campanula alpigena K.Koch
  • Campanula anomala Fomin
  • Campanula argunensis Rupr.
  • Campanula armazica Kharadze
  • Campanula aucheri A.DC.
  • Campanula aucheri var. compacta Fomin
  • Campanula bellidifolia subsp. argunensis (Rupr.) Victorov
  • Campanula bellidifolia subsp. aucheri (A.DC.) Victorov
  • Campanula bellidifolia subsp. meyeriana (Rupr.) Victorov
  • Campanula bellidifolia subsp. saxifraga (M.Bieb.) Victorov
  • Campanula biebersteiniana C.A.Mey.
  • Campanula circassica Fomin
  • Campanula doluchanovii Kharadze
  • Campanula fallax Rupr.
  • Campanula fominii Grossh.
  • Campanula froedinii Rech.f.
  • Campanula ghilanica var. obovata Rupr.
  • Campanula gilanica Rupr. ex Boiss.
  • Campanula hygrophila Rupr.
  • Campanula hygrophila var. obovata Rupr.
  • Campanula meyeriana Rupr.
  • Campanula pallidiflora Rupr.
  • Campanula pilosa var. pontica K.Koch

and 24 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.