Calophyllum brasilienseCambess.

Antilles calophyllum

WFO wfo-0000581058 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 3 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 3 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by russiannaturalistbrazil
fig. a russiannaturalistbrazil, CC BY 4.0 / 2007-10-30 / obs. 38284
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by russiannaturalistbrazil
fig. b russiannaturalistbrazil, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 38285
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by russiannaturalistbrazil
fig. c russiannaturalistbrazil, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 38289
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by Neptalí Ramírez Marcial
fig. d Neptalí Ramírez Marcial, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 5296719
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by russiannaturalistbrazil
fig. e russiannaturalistbrazil, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 38286
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by russiannaturalistbrazil
fig. f russiannaturalistbrazil, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 38287
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by russiannaturalistbrazil
fig. g russiannaturalistbrazil, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 38288
Calophyllum brasiliense, photographed by Ana Nuño
fig. h Ana Nuño, CC0 1.0 / obs. 159722495

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 33 botanical countries

Regions where Calophyllum brasiliense is native: Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Argentina Northeast, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Venezuela, Windward Is. Mexico CentralMexico GulfMexico SoutheastMexico SouthwestArgentina NortheastBelizeBoliviaBrazil NorthBrazil NortheastBrazil SouthBrazil SoutheastBrazil West-CentralColombiaCosta RicaDominican RepublicEcuadorEl SalvadorFrench GuianaGuatemalaGuyanaHaitiHondurasJamaicaNicaraguaPanamáParaguayPeruPuerto RicoSouthwest CaribbeanSurinameVenezuela Leeward Is.Windward Is.
Native distribution of Calophyllum brasiliense, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Argentina Northeast AGE SOUTHERN AMERICA
Belize BLZ
Bolivia BOL
Brazil North BZN
Brazil Northeast BZE
Brazil South BZS
Brazil Southeast BZL
Brazil West-Central BZC
Colombia CLM
Costa Rica COS
Dominican Republic DOM
Ecuador ECU
El Salvador ELS
French Guiana FRG
Guatemala GUA
Guyana GUY
Haiti HAI
Honduras HON
Jamaica JAM
Leeward Is. LEE
Nicaragua NIC
Panamá PAN
Paraguay PAR
Peru PER
Puerto Rico PUE
Southwest Caribbean SWC
Suriname SUR
Venezuela VEN
Windward Is. WIN
Mexico Central MXC NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Gulf MXG
Mexico Southeast MXT
Mexico Southwest MXS

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 151 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 11.8 °C 18.9 °C 23.2 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 24.7 °C 29.5 °C 33.1 °C
Annual rainfall 1,297 mm 1,840 mm 3,025 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 17 mm 238 mm 398 mm

It is not found anywhere that gets close to freezing. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 151 research-grade observations of Calophyllum brasiliense that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 18 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Calophyllum antillanum Britton
  • Calophyllum brasiliense subsp. mariae (Planch. & Triana) Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasiliense subsp. verum Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasiliense subsp. wrightii Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasiliense var. burchellii Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasiliense var. elongatum Engl.
  • Calophyllum brasiliense var. gardneri Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasiliense var. genuina Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasiliense var. spruceana Vesque
  • Calophyllum brasilinse subsp. wrightii Vesque
  • Calophyllum chiapense Standl.
  • Calophyllum ellipticum Rusby
  • Calophyllum jacquinii Fawc. & Rendle
  • Calophyllum lucidum Benth.
  • Calophyllum mariae Planch. & Triana
  • Calophyllum piaroanum A.Castillo & C.Gil
  • Calophyllum rekoi Standl.
  • Calophyllum revolutum Rich. ex Vesque

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. USDA PLANTS Database. common name, checklist symbol CAAN22. public domain. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.