Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations
Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.
Native range 31 botanical countries
| Region | TDWG code | Continent |
|---|---|---|
| Benin | BEN | AFRICA |
| Burkina | BKN | |
| Burundi | BUR | |
| Cameroon | CMN | |
| Central African Republic | CAF | |
| Chad | CHA | |
| Comoros | COM | |
| Congo | CON | |
| DR Congo | ZAI | |
| Ethiopia | ETH | |
| Gambia | GAM | |
| Ghana | GHA | |
| Guinea | GUI | |
| Guinea-Bissau | GNB | |
| Gulf of Guinea Is. | GGI | |
| Ivory Coast | IVO | |
| Kenya | KEN | |
| Madagascar | MDG | |
| Malawi | MLW | |
| Mali | MLI | |
| Mozambique | MOZ | |
| Niger | NGR | |
| Nigeria | NGA | |
| Northern Provinces | TVL | |
| Senegal | SEN | |
| Sudan-South Sudan | SUD | |
| Tanzania | TAN | |
| Togo | TOG | |
| Uganda | UGA | |
| Zambia | ZAM | |
| Zimbabwe | ZIM |
Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.
Where it actually grows measured, from 441 observations
| Condition | 5th percentile | Median | 95th percentile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coldest month, mean daily low | 11.8 °C | 18.7 °C | 22.5 °C |
| Warmest month, mean daily high | 28.9 °C | 36.1 °C | 40.8 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 618 mm | 1,012 mm | 1,531 mm |
| Rainfall in the driest quarter | 0 mm | 5 mm | 124 mm |
It is not found anywhere that gets close to freezing. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 441 research-grade observations of Borassus aethiopum that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.
This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.
Also published as 5 synonyms
A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.
- Borassus aethiopum var. bagamojense Becc.
- Borassus aethiopum var. senegalense Becc.
- Borassus deleb Becc.
- Borassus flabellifer var. aethiopum (Mart.) Warb.
- Borassus sambiranensis Jum. & H.Perrier
Sourcesevery claim on this page
- World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
- iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
- Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
- Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.