{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/barbula-unguiculata/",
  "last_modified": "2026-06-03",
  "id": {
    "slug": "barbula-unguiculata",
    "wfo": "wfo-0001153324",
    "inat_taxon_id": 159173
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Barbula unguiculata",
    "authorship": "Hedw.",
    "genus": "Barbula",
    "epithet": "unguiculata",
    "family": "Pottiaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Sp. Musc. Frond.: 118. 1801.",
    "protologue_url": "https://www.bryonames.org/",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "barbula moss",
      "english": [
        "barbula moss"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Barbula amoena",
        "authorship": "Schumach."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula apiculata",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula apiculata f. major",
        "authorship": "Mart."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula apiculata f. minor",
        "authorship": "Mart."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula aristata",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula barbata",
        "authorship": "(Curtis ex With.) Schleich."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula brachypus",
        "authorship": "Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula cuspidata",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula cuspidata var. elongata",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula decipiens",
        "authorship": "Sw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula dubia",
        "authorship": "Schumach."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ericetorum",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula fallax var. barbata",
        "authorship": "(Curtis ex With.) Lesq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula fastigiata",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula gattefossei",
        "authorship": "P.de la Varde"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula himantina",
        "authorship": "Besch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula incerta",
        "authorship": "Schumach."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula indigens",
        "authorship": "(Renauld & Cardot) Renauld & Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula lanceolata",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula lanceolata",
        "authorship": "Schumach."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula linoides",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula microcarpa",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula mucronulata",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) F.Weber & D.Mohr"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula mucronulata",
        "authorship": "Sw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula nervosa",
        "authorship": "Crome"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ochracea",
        "authorship": "Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula saundersii",
        "authorship": "Cardot & Thér."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula setacea",
        "authorship": "Grav."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula stricta",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula subunguiculata",
        "authorship": "Schimp. ex Besch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula tokyensis",
        "authorship": "Besch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula trichostomifolia",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. angustifolia",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. apiculata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Mönk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. atrata",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. brachycarpa",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. bulbifera",
        "authorship": "(Schiffn.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. convexifolia",
        "authorship": "Papp"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. cuspidata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Mönk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. fastigiata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Mönk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. flaccida",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. latifolia",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. minor",
        "authorship": "Tosco"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. mollis",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. obtusifolia",
        "authorship": "Mönk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. polyseta",
        "authorship": "Péterfi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. robusta",
        "authorship": "Podp. ex Sapégin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata f. subsquarrosa",
        "authorship": "Latzel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. apiculata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. aristata",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. brachypus",
        "authorship": "(Brid.) Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. breviseta",
        "authorship": "Farneti"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. bulbifera",
        "authorship": "Schiffn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. cuspidata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. dubia",
        "authorship": "(Schumach.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. elongata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. fastigiata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Huebener"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. flavescens",
        "authorship": "Péterfi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. lanceolata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Dixon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. microcarpa",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Huebener"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. muralis",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. nitidocostata",
        "authorship": "Farneti"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. obtusifolia",
        "authorship": "Bruch & Schimp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. paludosa",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. patagonica",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. robusta",
        "authorship": "Lindb. ex I.Hagen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. rupestris",
        "authorship": "Huebener"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. schultziana",
        "authorship": "Huebener"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. simplex",
        "authorship": "(Turner) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula unguiculata var. trichostomifolia",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) P.C.Chen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum aristatum",
        "authorship": "Dicks."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum barbatum",
        "authorship": "Curtis ex With."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum barbatum",
        "authorship": "Vill. ex Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum ericetorum",
        "authorship": "Dicks."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum linoides",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum mucronulatum",
        "authorship": "Dicks."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum mucronulatum",
        "authorship": "Thunb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum tenue",
        "authorship": "Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum unguiculatum",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) With."
      },
      {
        "name": "Desmatodon bushii",
        "authorship": "Cardot & Thér."
      },
      {
        "name": "Dialytrichia canariensis",
        "authorship": "Bryhn"
      },
      {
        "name": "Didymodon mildei",
        "authorship": "Schimp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Hyophila sieboldii",
        "authorship": "Besch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Orthopyxis aristata",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Orthopyxis barbata",
        "authorship": "P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Streblotrichum unguiculatum",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Loeske"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ericetorum",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortella himantina",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula acuminata",
        "authorship": "Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula amoena",
        "authorship": "(Schumach.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula apiculata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Turner"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aristata",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula barbata",
        "authorship": "(Curtis ex With.) Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula cuspidata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Chevall."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula cuspidata var. elongata",
        "authorship": "Chevall."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula dubia",
        "authorship": "(Schumach.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ericetorum",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula fallax var. elongata",
        "authorship": "Arn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula lanceolata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula linoides",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula mucronulata",
        "authorship": "Sw. ex Wahlenb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula mucronulata",
        "authorship": "(Dicks.) Turner"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula mucronulata var. simplex",
        "authorship": "Turner"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula setacea",
        "authorship": "Lindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula stricta",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula tenuis",
        "authorship": "P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata f. cuspidata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Ångstr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata f. microcarpa",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Ångstr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata var. apiculata",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Wilson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata var. compacta",
        "authorship": "De Not."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata var. fastigiata",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Wilson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata var. obtusifolia",
        "authorship": "Wilson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata var. robusta",
        "authorship": "Lindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula unguiculata var. simplex",
        "authorship": "(Turner) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichostomum indigens",
        "authorship": "Renauld & Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichostomum linoides",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichostomum pensylvanicum",
        "authorship": "Spreng."
      }
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbula_unguiculata"
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        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/jeanpaulboerekamps",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/4bd54eca-154a-4aeb-ab54-216a062fd9f1",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-17",
        "lat": 51.855,
        "lon": 4.068,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/176350917/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/176350917/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/176350917/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/176350917/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Jean-Paul Boerekamps, CC0 1.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": null,
  "phenology": null,
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": null,
    "climate": null
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 6,
      "median": 10.1,
      "p95": 16.2
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 385.4,
      "median": 632.7,
      "p95": 936.6
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 18.1,
      "median": 22.9,
      "p95": 30.7
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -10.1,
      "median": -1.1,
      "p95": 6.3
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 575.8,
      "median": 820.2,
      "p95": 1505.8
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 11.2,
      "median": 20.8,
      "p95": 52.2
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 75.8,
      "median": 149.3,
      "p95": 275.5
    },
    "n": 851,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 851 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "native_range",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/barbula-unguiculata/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}