Anchusa gmeliniiLedeb. ex Spreng.

WFO wfo-0000533614 Accepted WFO 2026-06 3 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–c · 3 separate observations

Anchusa gmelinii, photographed by Roman
fig. a Roman, CC BY 4.0 / 2020-07-24 / obs. 86173509
Anchusa gmelinii, photographed by Богдан Кученко
fig. b Богдан Кученко, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 144935580
Anchusa gmelinii, photographed by Влад
fig. c Влад, CC0 1.0 / obs. 73250989

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection

Herbarium
Smithsonian, US National Herbarium
Accession
US 1578889
Filed as
Anchusa gmelinii Ledeb.
Det. by
not recorded on this sheet
Collected
G. Grintescu 1930-05-16
Origin
MD
The sheet
View the digitised specimen (CC0 1.0)

A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. The holding institution does not serve this sheet’s image to third parties, so there is no photograph here. The record is real and the link goes to it. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all herbarium sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.

Native range 8 botanical countries

Regions where Anchusa gmelinii is native: Kazakhstan, North Caucasus, Central European Russia, NW. Balkan Pen., Romania, South European Russia, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine KazakhstanNorth CaucasusCentral European RussiaNW. Balkan Pen.RomaniaSouth European RussiaTürkiye-in-EuropeUkraine
Native distribution of Anchusa gmelinii, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Central European Russia RUC EUROPE
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Romania ROM
South European Russia RUS
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE
Ukraine UKR
Kazakhstan KAZ ASIA-TEMPERATE
North Caucasus NCS

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 67 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -8.2 °C -6.7 °C -3.7 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 25.6 °C 26.4 °C 27.2 °C
Annual rainfall 438 mm 538 mm 588 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 88 mm 105 mm 115 mm

It is found where winters bring hard frost. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 67 research-grade observations of Anchusa gmelinii that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.