Alternanthera sessilis(L.) DC.

Dwarf CopperleafSessile Joyweedchaff flowersessile joyweed

WFO wfo-0000528825 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Alternanthera sessilis, photographed by 雲一百香果
fig. a 雲一百香果, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-04-30 / obs. 192085521

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 79 botanical countries

Regions where Alternanthera sessilis is native: China South-Central, China Southeast, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Lebanon-Syria, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Transcaucasus, Yemen, Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, New South Wales, New Zealand North, Norfolk Is., Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Windward Is. China South-CentralChina SoutheastIranIraqJapanLebanon-SyriaSaudi ArabiaTaiwanTranscaucasusYemenAssamBangladeshBorneoCambodiaEast HimalayaIndiaJawaLaosLesser Sunda Is.MalayaMalukuMyanmarNepalNew GuineaPakistanPhilippinesSolomon Is.SulawesiSumateraThailandVietnamWest HimalayaNew South WalesNew Zealand NorthNorthern TerritoryQueenslandSouth AustraliaTasmaniaVictoriaWestern AustraliaMexico GulfMexico NortheastMexico SoutheastMexico SouthwestBelizeBoliviaBrazil NorthBrazil NortheastBrazil SouthBrazil SoutheastBrazil West-CentralColombiaCosta RicaCubaDominican RepublicEl SalvadorFrench GuianaGuatemalaGuyanaHaitiHondurasJamaicaNicaraguaPanamáParaguayPeruPuerto RicoSurinameTrinidad-TobagoVenezuela Nansei-shotoAndaman Is.Laccadive Is.Nicobar Is.Norfolk Is.Cayman Is.Leeward Is.Windward Is.
Native distribution of Alternanthera sessilis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Belize BLZ SOUTHERN AMERICA
Bolivia BOL
Brazil North BZN
Brazil Northeast BZE
Brazil South BZS
Brazil Southeast BZL
Brazil West-Central BZC
Cayman Is. CAY
Colombia CLM
Costa Rica COS
Cuba CUB
Dominican Republic DOM
El Salvador ELS
French Guiana FRG
Guatemala GUA
Guyana GUY
Haiti HAI
Honduras HON
Jamaica JAM
Leeward Is. LEE
Nicaragua NIC
Panamá PAN
Paraguay PAR
Peru PER
Puerto Rico PUE
Suriname SUR
Trinidad-Tobago TRT
Venezuela VEN
Windward Is. WIN
Andaman Is. AND ASIA-TROPICAL
Assam ASS
Bangladesh BAN
Borneo BOR
Cambodia CBD
East Himalaya EHM
India IND
Jawa JAW
Laccadive Is. LDV
Laos LAO
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI
Malaya MLY
Maluku MOL
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
New Guinea NWG
Nicobar Is. NCB
Pakistan PAK
Philippines PHI
Solomon Is. SOL
Sulawesi SUL
Sumatera SUM
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
West Himalaya WHM
China South-Central CHC ASIA-TEMPERATE
China Southeast CHS
Iran IRN
Iraq IRQ
Japan JAP
Lebanon-Syria LBS
Nansei-shoto NNS
Ogasawara-shoto OGA
Saudi Arabia SAU
Taiwan TAI
Transcaucasus TCS
Yemen YEM
New South Wales NSW AUSTRALASIA
New Zealand North NZN
Norfolk Is. NFK
Northern Territory NTA
Queensland QLD
South Australia SOA
Tasmania TAS
Victoria VIC
Western Australia WAU
Mexico Gulf MXG NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Northeast MXE
Mexico Southeast MXT
Mexico Southwest MXS

Not drawn on the map: Ogasawara-shoto. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 194 in flower of 207 examined

Proportion of examined Alternanthera sessilis in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 20 22 91% 72% to 97%
Feb 23 24 96% 80% to 99%
Mar 39 43 91% 78% to 96%
Apr 23 24 96% 80% to 99%
May 10 11 91% 62% to 98%
Jun 15 15 100% 80% to 100%
Jul 10 10 100% 72% to 100%
Aug 7 7 100% 65% to 100%
Sep 8 9 89% 56% to 98%
Oct 7 9 78% 45% to 94%
Nov 17 18 94% 74% to 99%
Dec 15 15 100% 80% to 100%

Peak flowering in Jun. Each bar is the share of Alternanthera sessilis observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 194 of 207 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 1,316 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 7.2 °C 13.5 °C 21.8 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 27.3 °C 30.1 °C 33.9 °C
Annual rainfall 605 mm 2,374 mm 3,892 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 10 mm 123 mm 632 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 1,316 research-grade observations of Alternanthera sessilis that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 55 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Achyranthes linearifolia Sw. ex Wikstr.
  • Achyranthes sessilis (L.) Besser
  • Achyranthes triandra Roxb.
  • Achyranthes villosa Blanco
  • Allaganthera forsskaolei Mart.
  • Alternanthera achyranthes Forssk.
  • Alternanthera achyranthoides Forssk.
  • Alternanthera achyranthoides Hiern
  • Alternanthera angustifolia R.Br.
  • Alternanthera angustifolia var. lanata Benth.
  • Alternanthera angustifolia var. macrocephala Domin
  • Alternanthera angustifolia var. typica Domin
  • Alternanthera denticulata R.Br.
  • Alternanthera denticulata var. major Moq.
  • Alternanthera denticulata var. micrantha Benth.
  • Alternanthera denticulata var. uliginosa Domin
  • Alternanthera dubia Hort.Paris. ex Moq.
  • Alternanthera ficoides (L.) P.Beauv.
  • Alternanthera ficoides var. minor P.Beauv.
  • Alternanthera ficoides var. versicolor Lem.
  • Alternanthera glabra Moq.
  • Alternanthera major (Benth.) Domin
  • Alternanthera micrantha Domin
  • Alternanthera nana R.Br.

and 31 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.