Allium sativumL.

cultivated garlic

WFO wfo-0000757248 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Allium sativum, photographed by Liubov Ilminska
fig. a Liubov Ilminska, CC0 1.0 / 2022-05-09 / obs. 198902092
Allium sativum, photographed by humon
fig. b humon, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 193409514
Allium sativum, photographed by Sashko
fig. c Sashko, CC0 1.0 / obs. 196508795
Allium sativum, photographed by Екатерина Войнова
fig. d Екатерина Войнова, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 149610594
Allium sativum, photographed by Reuven Martin
fig. e Reuven Martin, CC0 1.0 / obs. 51667235
Allium sativum, photographed by Nadezhda Kiseleva
fig. f Nadezhda Kiseleva, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 194641430
Allium sativum, photographed by Елена Патерикина
fig. g Елена Патерикина, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 151379584
Allium sativum, photographed by Елена Патерикина
fig. h Елена Патерикина, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 149616580

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 6 botanical countries

Regions where Allium sativum is native: Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan IranKazakhstanKirgizstanTadzhikistanTurkmenistanUzbekistan
Native distribution of Allium sativum, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Iran IRN ASIA-TEMPERATE
Kazakhstan KAZ
Kirgizstan KGZ
Tadzhikistan TZK
Turkmenistan TKM
Uzbekistan UZB

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 25 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Allium arenarium Sadler ex Rchb.
  • Allium controversum Schrad. ex Willd.
  • Allium longicuspis Regel
  • Allium ophioscorodon Link
  • Allium pekinense Prokh.
  • Allium sativum f. asiae-mediae Kazakova
  • Allium sativum f. pekinense (Prokh.) Makino
  • Allium sativum f. sagittatum Kazakova
  • Allium sativum f. vulgare Kazakova
  • Allium sativum subsp. asiaemediae Kazakova
  • Allium sativum subsp. controversum (Schrad. ex Willd.) K.Richt.
  • Allium sativum subsp. ophioscorodon (Link) Schübl. & G.Martens
  • Allium sativum subsp. subrotundum (Gren. & Godr.) K.Richt.
  • Allium sativum var. controversum (Schrad. ex Willd.) Nyman
  • Allium sativum var. ophioscorodon (Link) Döll
  • Allium sativum var. pekinense (Prokh.) F.Maek.
  • Allium sativum var. sagittatum Kazakova
  • Allium sativum var. sativum
  • Allium sativum var. subrotundum Gren. & Godr.
  • Allium sativum var. vulgare Kazakova
  • Allium scorodoprasum subsp. viviparum (Regel) K.Richt.
  • Allium scorodoprasum var. multibulbillosum Y.N.Lee
  • Allium scorodoprasum var. viviparum Regel
  • Porrum ophioscorodon (Link) Rchb.

and 1 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.