{
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  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acaena-magellanica/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "acaena-magellanica",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000985090",
    "inat_taxon_id": 83487
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Acaena magellanica",
    "authorship": "(Lam.) Vahl",
    "genus": "Acaena",
    "epithet": "magellanica",
    "family": "Rosaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Enum. Pl.  1: 297 (1804)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:315239-2",
    "common": {
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      "english": [],
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    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Acaena acroglochin",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena acutifida",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens",
        "authorship": "Vahl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens subsp. cardiostemon",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens subsp. georgiae-australis",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. glabriscapa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. incisa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. luxurians",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. macrochaeta",
        "authorship": "Franch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. majuscula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. minuscula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. pilosiscapa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. semperpilosa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena adscendens var. utrinqueglabrescens",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena affinis",
        "authorship": "Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena alboffii",
        "authorship": "Macloskie"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena ascendens var. macrochaeta",
        "authorship": "Franch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena basibullata",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena brachyglochin",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena cadilla",
        "authorship": "Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena cadilla f. epistemonocoma",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena cadilla f. pusilla",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena calvivagina",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena canescens",
        "authorship": "Phil."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena chamacaena",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena closiana",
        "authorship": "Gay"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena colchaguensis",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena compacta",
        "authorship": "Hauman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena coxi",
        "authorship": "Phil."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena decumbens",
        "authorship": "(G.Forst. ex Gaertn.) D.W.H.Walton"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena depauperata",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena deserticola",
        "authorship": "Phil."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena exaltata",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena floribunda",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena glandulifera",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena glandulifera subsp. nordenskjoeldii",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena glaucella",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena glaucophylla",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena grahamiana",
        "authorship": "Gillies ex Walp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena grandistipula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena grossifolia",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena hirta",
        "authorship": "Citerne"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena humilis",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena ischnostemon",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena krausei",
        "authorship": "Phil."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena krausei subsp. pilosior",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena krausei subvar. glabratula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena krausei var. massonandra",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena krausei var. meionandra",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena laevigata",
        "authorship": "W.T.Aiton"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena laevigata",
        "authorship": "Reiche"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena laevigata",
        "authorship": "W.T.Aiton"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena laevigata var. venulosa",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) Reiche"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena longearistata",
        "authorship": "H.Ross"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena longiaristata",
        "authorship": "H.Ross"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena longisepala",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena longistipula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrophyes",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macropoda",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon",
        "authorship": "Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. barbaticupula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. closiana",
        "authorship": "(Gay) Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. latisepala",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. longiaristata",
        "authorship": "(H.Ross) Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. longiplumosa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. pachystigma",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon subsp. spectabilis",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon var. basipilosa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena macrostemon var. supraconica",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica f. robusta",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica subsp. grandiscapa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica subsp. laevigata",
        "authorship": "(Aiton) Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica subsp. pygmaea",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica subsp. venulosa",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica var. glabrescens",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica var. laevigata",
        "authorship": "(Aiton) Citerne"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica var. subtuspilosa",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena magellanica var. venulosa",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) Citerne"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena molliuscula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena neglecta",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena novemdentata",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena nudicaulis",
        "authorship": "Albov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena obtusiloba",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena oligodonta",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena oligoglochin",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena oligoglochin var. dolichoglochin",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena oligomera",
        "authorship": "Skottsb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena ovalifolia var. cadilla",
        "authorship": "(Hook.f.) Reiche"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena petiolulata",
        "authorship": "Phil."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena philippii",
        "authorship": "Gand."
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena plioglochin",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena rubescens",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena sericascens",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena sericascens var. novemjuga",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena sericascens var. sexjuga",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena sericascens var. tenuibracteolata",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena subflaccida",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena subtusvillosula",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena tomentella",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena transitoria",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena trifida var. brachyphylla",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena triglochin",
        "authorship": "Bitter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Acaena venulosa",
        "authorship": "Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ancistrum adscendens",
        "authorship": "(Vahl) Poir."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ancistrum decumbens",
        "authorship": "G.Forst. ex Gaertn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ancistrum humile",
        "authorship": "Pers."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ancistrum laevigatum",
        "authorship": "Lag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ancistrum magellanicum",
        "authorship": "Lam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Ancistrum magellanicum var. humile",
        "authorship": "Pers."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poterium humile",
        "authorship": "Lam. ex Steud."
      }
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    ],
    "codes": [
      "ASP",
      "CRZ",
      "FAL",
      "HMD",
      "KEG",
      "MAQ",
      "SGE",
      "AGW",
      "AGS",
      "CLC",
      "CLN",
      "CLS"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "ASP",
        "name": "Amsterdam-St.Paul Is.",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "CRZ",
        "name": "Crozet Is.",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "FAL",
        "name": "Falkland Is.",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "HMD",
        "name": "Heard-McDonald Is.",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "KEG",
        "name": "Kerguelen",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "MAQ",
        "name": "Macquarie Is.",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "SGE",
        "name": "South Georgia",
        "continent": "ANTARCTICA",
        "region": "Subantarctic Islands"
      },
      {
        "code": "AGW",
        "name": "Argentina Northwest",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "AGS",
        "name": "Argentina South",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "CLC",
        "name": "Chile Central",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "CLN",
        "name": "Chile North",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "CLS",
        "name": "Chile South",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 29,
    "n_annotated": 60,
    "sufficient": false,
    "doi": null,
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "perennial",
    "climate": "temperate"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": -0.1,
      "median": 4.4,
      "p95": 7.2
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 181.4,
      "median": 323.5,
      "p95": 449.4
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 4,
      "median": 12.2,
      "p95": 16.8
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -6.6,
      "median": -4.1,
      "p95": 2.5
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 399.2,
      "median": 1071.9,
      "p95": 2719.7
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 8.9,
      "median": 14.1,
      "p95": 47.1
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 65.9,
      "median": 206.6,
      "p95": 599.3
    },
    "n": 643,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 643 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "common_name",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/acaena-magellanica/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}