{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/polystemma/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "polystemma"
  },
  "genus": "Polystemma",
  "family": "Apocynaceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/apocynaceae/",
  "accepted_species": 27,
  "documented_species": 4,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma adenocardium",
      "authorship": "(Standl.) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075846",
      "slug": "polystemma-adenocardium",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma angustilobum",
      "authorship": "(B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075847",
      "slug": "polystemma-angustilobum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma atreyui",
      "authorship": "Pío-León, L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075848",
      "slug": "polystemma-atreyui",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma calcicola",
      "authorship": "(Greenm.) Morillo",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000048996",
      "slug": "polystemma-calcicola",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma canisferum",
      "authorship": "McDonnell & Fishbein",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001344761",
      "slug": "polystemma-canisferum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma cervantesii",
      "authorship": "(Lozada-Pérez & L.O.Alvarado) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075849",
      "slug": "polystemma-cervantesii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma cordatum",
      "authorship": "(Brandegee) L.O.Alvarado",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000028509",
      "slug": "polystemma-cordatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma cordifolium",
      "authorship": "(A.Gray) McDonnell & Fishbein",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001424532",
      "slug": "polystemma-cordifolium",
      "photographs_found": 12,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/polystemma-cordifolium/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma fishbeiniana",
      "authorship": "V.W.Steinm. & W.D.Stevens",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000030885",
      "slug": "polystemma-fishbeiniana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma fruticosum",
      "authorship": "(Brandegee) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075850",
      "slug": "polystemma-fruticosum",
      "photographs_found": 1,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma fuscum",
      "authorship": "(Decne.) C.Cerv., S.Arias & L.O.Alvarado",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000066222",
      "slug": "polystemma-fuscum",
      "photographs_found": 3,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/polystemma-fuscum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma galindoi",
      "authorship": "Pío-León, L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075851",
      "slug": "polystemma-galindoi",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma guatemalense",
      "authorship": "(Schltr.) W.D.Stevens",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000398669",
      "slug": "polystemma-guatemalense",
      "photographs_found": 82,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/polystemma-guatemalense/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma horconesense",
      "authorship": "C.D.Sánchez, L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075831",
      "slug": "polystemma-horconesense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma leopardum",
      "authorship": "L.O.Alvarado, García-Mend., D.Sandoval & Lozada-Pérez",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000065234",
      "slug": "polystemma-leopardum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma luridum",
      "authorship": "(Decne.) C.Cerv., Flores Olv. & L.O.Alvarado",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000066223",
      "slug": "polystemma-luridum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma magallanesii",
      "authorship": "(E.J.Lott) Morillo",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000057781",
      "slug": "polystemma-magallanesii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma mirandae",
      "authorship": "Lozada-Pérez",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001039867",
      "slug": "polystemma-mirandae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma petiolare",
      "authorship": "(A.Gray) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075852",
      "slug": "polystemma-petiolare",
      "photographs_found": 2,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma pilosum",
      "authorship": "(Benth.) Morillo",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000048997",
      "slug": "polystemma-pilosum",
      "photographs_found": 37,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/polystemma-pilosum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma pueblense",
      "authorship": "(Brandegee) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075853",
      "slug": "polystemma-pueblense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma purpusii",
      "authorship": "(Brandegee) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075854",
      "slug": "polystemma-purpusii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma quercetorum",
      "authorship": "(Standl.) Morillo",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000057782",
      "slug": "polystemma-quercetorum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma scopulorum",
      "authorship": "Brandegee",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000392269",
      "slug": "polystemma-scopulorum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma stevensii",
      "authorship": "G.M.Hern.-Barón, Trujillo-Juárez & V.W.Steinm.",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000055282",
      "slug": "polystemma-stevensii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma tristiflorum",
      "authorship": "(Standl.) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075855",
      "slug": "polystemma-tristiflorum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Polystemma umbellatum",
      "authorship": "(Brandegee) L.O.Alvarado & S.Islas",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000075856",
      "slug": "polystemma-umbellatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/polystemma/"
  }
}