{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/paronychia/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "paronychia"
  },
  "genus": "Paronychia",
  "family": "Caryophyllaceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/caryophyllaceae/",
  "accepted_species": 74,
  "documented_species": 29,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia ahartii",
      "authorship": "Ertter",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291864",
      "slug": "paronychia-ahartii",
      "photographs_found": 6,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-ahartii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia albanica",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000466835",
      "slug": "paronychia-albanica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia americana",
      "authorship": "(Nutt.) Fenzl ex Walp.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291905",
      "slug": "paronychia-americana",
      "photographs_found": 32,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-americana/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia andina",
      "authorship": "A.Gray",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291613",
      "slug": "paronychia-andina",
      "photographs_found": 5,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-andina/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia arabica",
      "authorship": "(L.) DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000466822",
      "slug": "paronychia-arabica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia aretioides",
      "authorship": "DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000466819",
      "slug": "paronychia-aretioides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia argentea",
      "authorship": "Lam.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000466806",
      "slug": "paronychia-argentea",
      "photographs_found": 212,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-argentea/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia argyrocoma",
      "authorship": "(Michx.) Nutt.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291872",
      "slug": "paronychia-argyrocoma",
      "photographs_found": 30,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-argyrocoma/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia baldwinii",
      "authorship": "(Torr. & A.Gray) Fenzl ex Walp.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291462",
      "slug": "paronychia-baldwinii",
      "photographs_found": 17,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-baldwinii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia bogotensis",
      "authorship": "Triana & Planch.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291375",
      "slug": "paronychia-bogotensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia bornmuelleri",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464889",
      "slug": "paronychia-bornmuelleri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia braziliana",
      "authorship": "DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291678",
      "slug": "paronychia-braziliana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia cabrerae",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292360",
      "slug": "paronychia-cabrerae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia camphorosmoides",
      "authorship": "Cambess.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291376",
      "slug": "paronychia-camphorosmoides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia canadensis",
      "authorship": "(L.) Alph.Wood",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291465",
      "slug": "paronychia-canadensis",
      "photographs_found": 58,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-canadensis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia canariensis",
      "authorship": "(L.f.) Link",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001283594",
      "slug": "paronychia-canariensis",
      "photographs_found": 7,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-canariensis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia capitata",
      "authorship": "(L.) Lam.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464905",
      "slug": "paronychia-capitata",
      "photographs_found": 2,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia cephalotes",
      "authorship": "(M.Bieb.) Besser",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465528",
      "slug": "paronychia-cephalotes",
      "photographs_found": 24,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-cephalotes/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia chartacea",
      "authorship": "Fernald",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291466",
      "slug": "paronychia-chartacea",
      "photographs_found": 26,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-chartacea/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia chilensis",
      "authorship": "DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291615",
      "slug": "paronychia-chilensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia chionaea",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000466793",
      "slug": "paronychia-chionaea",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia chlorothyrsa",
      "authorship": "Murb.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000466791",
      "slug": "paronychia-chlorothyrsa",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia communis",
      "authorship": "Cambess.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292325",
      "slug": "paronychia-communis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia congesta",
      "authorship": "Correll",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291468",
      "slug": "paronychia-congesta",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia coquimbensis",
      "authorship": "Gay",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291377",
      "slug": "paronychia-coquimbensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia davrazensis",
      "authorship": "Budak",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001347736",
      "slug": "paronychia-davrazensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia depressa",
      "authorship": "(Torr. & A.Gray) Nutt. ex A.Nelson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291469",
      "slug": "paronychia-depressa",
      "photographs_found": 21,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-depressa/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia drummondii",
      "authorship": "Torr. & A.Gray",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291472",
      "slug": "paronychia-drummondii",
      "photographs_found": 22,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-drummondii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia echinulata",
      "authorship": "Chater",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465562",
      "slug": "paronychia-echinulata",
      "photographs_found": 7,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-echinulata/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia ellenbergii",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292349",
      "slug": "paronychia-ellenbergii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia erecta",
      "authorship": "(Chapm.) Shinners",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291474",
      "slug": "paronychia-erecta",
      "photographs_found": 39,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-erecta/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia fasciculata",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465584",
      "slug": "paronychia-fasciculata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia fastigiata",
      "authorship": "(Raf.) Fernald",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291476",
      "slug": "paronychia-fastigiata",
      "photographs_found": 12,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-fastigiata/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia franciscana",
      "authorship": "Eastw.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291479",
      "slug": "paronychia-franciscana",
      "photographs_found": 22,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-franciscana/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia fusciflora",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292352",
      "slug": "paronychia-fusciflora",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia herniarioides",
      "authorship": "(Michx.) Nutt.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291480",
      "slug": "paronychia-herniarioides",
      "photographs_found": 18,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-herniarioides/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia hieronymi",
      "authorship": "Pax",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001233810",
      "slug": "paronychia-hieronymi",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia jamesii",
      "authorship": "Torr. & A.Gray",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291481",
      "slug": "paronychia-jamesii",
      "photographs_found": 166,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-jamesii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia johnstonii",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291751",
      "slug": "paronychia-johnstonii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia jonesii",
      "authorship": "M.C.Johnst.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291485",
      "slug": "paronychia-jonesii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia kapela",
      "authorship": "(Hacq.) A.Kern.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465480",
      "slug": "paronychia-kapela",
      "photographs_found": 8,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-kapela/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia kocii",
      "authorship": "Budak",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001347735",
      "slug": "paronychia-kocii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia lenticulata",
      "authorship": "(L.) Asch. & Schweinf.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465490",
      "slug": "paronychia-lenticulata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia libertadiana",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291378",
      "slug": "paronychia-libertadiana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia limaei",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292351",
      "slug": "paronychia-limaei",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia lindheimeri",
      "authorship": "Engelm. ex A.Gray",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291486",
      "slug": "paronychia-lindheimeri",
      "photographs_found": 21,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-lindheimeri/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia macbridei",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291379",
      "slug": "paronychia-macbridei",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia maccartii",
      "authorship": "Correll",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291488",
      "slug": "paronychia-maccartii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia macedonica",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465444",
      "slug": "paronychia-macedonica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia macrosepala",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465443",
      "slug": "paronychia-macrosepala",
      "photographs_found": 13,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-macrosepala/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia mandoniana",
      "authorship": "Rohrb.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291380",
      "slug": "paronychia-mandoniana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia maroccana",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000465441",
      "slug": "paronychia-maroccana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia mexicana",
      "authorship": "Hemsl.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001244907",
      "slug": "paronychia-mexicana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia microphylla",
      "authorship": "Phil.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291616",
      "slug": "paronychia-microphylla",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia monticola",
      "authorship": "Cory",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291490",
      "slug": "paronychia-monticola",
      "photographs_found": 22,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-monticola/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia muschleri",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292323",
      "slug": "paronychia-muschleri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia patula",
      "authorship": "Shinners",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291491",
      "slug": "paronychia-patula",
      "photographs_found": 25,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-patula/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia peruviana",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292350",
      "slug": "paronychia-peruviana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia polygonifolia",
      "authorship": "(Vill.) DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464866",
      "slug": "paronychia-polygonifolia",
      "photographs_found": 6,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-polygonifolia/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia pontica",
      "authorship": "(Borhidi) Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464864",
      "slug": "paronychia-pontica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia pulvinata",
      "authorship": "A.Gray",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291492",
      "slug": "paronychia-pulvinata",
      "photographs_found": 27,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-pulvinata/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia rechingeri",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464856",
      "slug": "paronychia-rechingeri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia revoluta",
      "authorship": "C.E.Carneiro & Furlan",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000467654",
      "slug": "paronychia-revoluta",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia rouyana",
      "authorship": "Coincy",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464855",
      "slug": "paronychia-rouyana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia rugelii",
      "authorship": "(Chapm.) Shuttlew. ex Chapm.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291494",
      "slug": "paronychia-rugelii",
      "photographs_found": 2,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia sessiliflora",
      "authorship": "Nutt.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291496",
      "slug": "paronychia-sessiliflora",
      "photographs_found": 100,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-sessiliflora/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia setacea",
      "authorship": "Torr. & A.Gray",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291497",
      "slug": "paronychia-setacea",
      "photographs_found": 12,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-setacea/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia setigera",
      "authorship": "(Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) F.Herm.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292369",
      "slug": "paronychia-setigera",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia sinaica",
      "authorship": "Fresen.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464883",
      "slug": "paronychia-sinaica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia suffruticosa",
      "authorship": "(L.) DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464919",
      "slug": "paronychia-suffruticosa",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia taurica",
      "authorship": "Borhidi & Sikura",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000464964",
      "slug": "paronychia-taurica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia virginica",
      "authorship": "Spreng.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291499",
      "slug": "paronychia-virginica",
      "photographs_found": 139,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-virginica/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia weberbaueri",
      "authorship": "Chaudhri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001292330",
      "slug": "paronychia-weberbaueri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Paronychia wilkinsonii",
      "authorship": "S.Watson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001291501",
      "slug": "paronychia-wilkinsonii",
      "photographs_found": 7,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/paronychia-wilkinsonii/"
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/paronychia/"
  }
}