{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/onopordum/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "onopordum"
  },
  "genus": "Onopordum",
  "family": "Asteraceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/asteraceae/",
  "accepted_species": 54,
  "documented_species": 11,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum acanthium",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000129725",
      "slug": "onopordum-acanthium",
      "photographs_found": 1352,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-acanthium/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum acaulon",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000035453",
      "slug": "onopordum-acaulon",
      "photographs_found": 21,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-acaulon/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum alexandrinum",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000005750",
      "slug": "onopordum-alexandrinum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum algeriense",
      "authorship": "(Munby) Pomel",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000076691",
      "slug": "onopordum-algeriense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum ambiguum",
      "authorship": "Fresen.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000090190",
      "slug": "onopordum-ambiguum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum anatolicum",
      "authorship": "Boiss. & Heldr. ex Eig",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000016871",
      "slug": "onopordum-anatolicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum arenarium",
      "authorship": "(Desf.) Pomel",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000081596",
      "slug": "onopordum-arenarium",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum armenum",
      "authorship": "Grossh.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000087912",
      "slug": "onopordum-armenum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum blancheanum",
      "authorship": "(Eig) Danin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000027562",
      "slug": "onopordum-blancheanum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum boissierianum",
      "authorship": "Raab-Straube & Greuter",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000016533",
      "slug": "onopordum-boissierianum",
      "photographs_found": 25,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-boissierianum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum bracteatum",
      "authorship": "Boiss. & Heldr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000133117",
      "slug": "onopordum-bracteatum",
      "photographs_found": 11,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-bracteatum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum canum",
      "authorship": "Eig",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000002966",
      "slug": "onopordum-canum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum carduchorum",
      "authorship": "Bornm. & Beauverd",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000042995",
      "slug": "onopordum-carduchorum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum carduelium",
      "authorship": "Bolle",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000091737",
      "slug": "onopordum-carduelium",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum carduiforme",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000042954",
      "slug": "onopordum-carduiforme",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum carmanicum",
      "authorship": "(Bornm.) Bornm.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000021714",
      "slug": "onopordum-carmanicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum caulescens",
      "authorship": "d'Urv.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000117081",
      "slug": "onopordum-caulescens",
      "photographs_found": 4,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-caulescens/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum cinereum",
      "authorship": "Grossh.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000037468",
      "slug": "onopordum-cinereum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum corymbosum",
      "authorship": "Willk.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000042318",
      "slug": "onopordum-corymbosum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum cynarocephalum",
      "authorship": "Boiss. & C.I.Blanche",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000021788",
      "slug": "onopordum-cynarocephalum",
      "photographs_found": 5,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-cynarocephalum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum cyrenaicum",
      "authorship": "Maire & Weiller",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000039921",
      "slug": "onopordum-cyrenaicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum dissectum",
      "authorship": "Murb.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000084754",
      "slug": "onopordum-dissectum",
      "photographs_found": 3,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-dissectum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum dyris",
      "authorship": "Maire",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000030903",
      "slug": "onopordum-dyris",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum elongatum",
      "authorship": "Lam.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000018234",
      "slug": "onopordum-elongatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum eriocephalum",
      "authorship": "Rouy",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000030046",
      "slug": "onopordum-eriocephalum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum espinae",
      "authorship": "Coss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000020863",
      "slug": "onopordum-espinae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum heteracanthum",
      "authorship": "C.A.Mey.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000130731",
      "slug": "onopordum-heteracanthum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum hinojense",
      "authorship": "Talavera, Balao, Casim.-Sor., M.Talavera, Terrab & M.Á.Ortiz",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001331763",
      "slug": "onopordum-hinojense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum horridum",
      "authorship": "Viv.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000124327",
      "slug": "onopordum-horridum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum humile",
      "authorship": "Loscos ex Pau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000078005",
      "slug": "onopordum-humile",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum illyricum",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000061670",
      "slug": "onopordum-illyricum",
      "photographs_found": 74,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-illyricum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum laconicum",
      "authorship": "Heldr. & Sartori ex Rouy",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000052252",
      "slug": "onopordum-laconicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum leptolepis",
      "authorship": "DC.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000069921",
      "slug": "onopordum-leptolepis",
      "photographs_found": 2,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum macracanthum",
      "authorship": "Schousb.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000042445",
      "slug": "onopordum-macracanthum",
      "photographs_found": 38,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-macracanthum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum macranthum",
      "authorship": null,
      "wfo": "wfo-1000040294",
      "slug": "onopordum-macranthum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum macrocanthum",
      "authorship": "d'Urv.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000081997",
      "slug": "onopordum-macrocanthum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum macrocephalum",
      "authorship": "Eig",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000114279",
      "slug": "onopordum-macrocephalum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum magrebiense",
      "authorship": "Talavera, Balao, Casim.-Sor., M.Talavera, Terrab & M.Á.Ortiz",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001331762",
      "slug": "onopordum-magrebiense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum majori",
      "authorship": "Beauverd",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000001807",
      "slug": "onopordum-majori",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum mesatlanticum",
      "authorship": "Emb. & Maire",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000005517",
      "slug": "onopordum-mesatlanticum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum micropterum",
      "authorship": "Pau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000020240",
      "slug": "onopordum-micropterum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum minor",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000058116",
      "slug": "onopordum-minor",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum myriacanthum",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000013604",
      "slug": "onopordum-myriacanthum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum nervosum",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000060105",
      "slug": "onopordum-nervosum",
      "photographs_found": 13,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-nervosum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum nogalesi",
      "authorship": "Svent.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000008751",
      "slug": "onopordum-nogalesi",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum parnassicum",
      "authorship": "Boiss. & Heldr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000076148",
      "slug": "onopordum-parnassicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum platylepis",
      "authorship": "Coss. ex Murb.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000039228",
      "slug": "onopordum-platylepis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum polycephalum",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000116281",
      "slug": "onopordum-polycephalum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum prjachinii",
      "authorship": "Tamamsch.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000080177",
      "slug": "onopordum-prjachinii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum seravschanicum",
      "authorship": "Tamamsch.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000059262",
      "slug": "onopordum-seravschanicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum sibthorpianum",
      "authorship": "Boiss. & Heldr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000138292",
      "slug": "onopordum-sibthorpianum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum tauricum",
      "authorship": "Willd.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000034872",
      "slug": "onopordum-tauricum",
      "photographs_found": 6,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/onopordum-tauricum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum turcicum",
      "authorship": "Danin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000066838",
      "slug": "onopordum-turcicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Onopordum wallianum",
      "authorship": "Maire",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000004884",
      "slug": "onopordum-wallianum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/onopordum/"
  }
}