{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/hygrophila/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "hygrophila"
  },
  "genus": "Hygrophila",
  "family": "Acanthaceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/acanthaceae/",
  "accepted_species": 79,
  "documented_species": 10,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila abyssinica",
      "authorship": "(Hochst. ex Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726751",
      "slug": "hygrophila-abyssinica",
      "photographs_found": 15,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-abyssinica/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila acinos",
      "authorship": "(S.Moore) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044564",
      "slug": "hygrophila-acinos",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila acutangula",
      "authorship": "Nees ex Mart.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726752",
      "slug": "hygrophila-acutangula",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila africana",
      "authorship": "(T.Anderson) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726755",
      "slug": "hygrophila-africana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila albobracteata",
      "authorship": "Vollesen",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000509525",
      "slug": "hygrophila-albobracteata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila angustifolia",
      "authorship": "R.Br.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001033273",
      "slug": "hygrophila-angustifolia",
      "photographs_found": 19,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-angustifolia/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila anisocalyx",
      "authorship": "Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044354",
      "slug": "hygrophila-anisocalyx",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila anomala",
      "authorship": "(Blatt.) M.R.Almeida",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000746557",
      "slug": "hygrophila-anomala",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila asteracanthoides",
      "authorship": "Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726760",
      "slug": "hygrophila-asteracanthoides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila auriculata",
      "authorship": "(Schumach.) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726761",
      "slug": "hygrophila-auriculata",
      "photographs_found": 66,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-auriculata/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila balsamica",
      "authorship": "(L.f.) Raf.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726762",
      "slug": "hygrophila-balsamica",
      "photographs_found": 4,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-balsamica/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila barbata",
      "authorship": "(Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726764",
      "slug": "hygrophila-barbata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila baronii",
      "authorship": "S.Moore",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044358",
      "slug": "hygrophila-baronii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila bengalensis",
      "authorship": "S.K.Mandal, A.Bhattacharjee & Nayek",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726767",
      "slug": "hygrophila-bengalensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila biplicata",
      "authorship": "(Nees) Sreem.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001041389",
      "slug": "hygrophila-biplicata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila borellii",
      "authorship": "(Lindau) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726769",
      "slug": "hygrophila-borellii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila brevituba",
      "authorship": "(Burkill) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726771",
      "slug": "hygrophila-brevituba",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila caerulea",
      "authorship": "(Hochst.) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726773",
      "slug": "hygrophila-caerulea",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila cataractae",
      "authorship": "S.Moore",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726774",
      "slug": "hygrophila-cataractae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila chevalieri",
      "authorship": "Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726776",
      "slug": "hygrophila-chevalieri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila ciliata",
      "authorship": "(T.Anderson) Burkill",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726777",
      "slug": "hygrophila-ciliata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila ciliibractea",
      "authorship": "Bremek.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726778",
      "slug": "hygrophila-ciliibractea",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila corymbosa",
      "authorship": "(Blume) Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001241217",
      "slug": "hygrophila-corymbosa",
      "photographs_found": 35,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-corymbosa/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila costata",
      "authorship": "Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726781",
      "slug": "hygrophila-costata",
      "photographs_found": 14,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-costata/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila didynama",
      "authorship": "(Lindau) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001285458",
      "slug": "hygrophila-didynama",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila difformis",
      "authorship": "(L.f.) Blume",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726782",
      "slug": "hygrophila-difformis",
      "photographs_found": 13,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila episcopalis",
      "authorship": "(Benoist) Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726786",
      "slug": "hygrophila-episcopalis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila erecta",
      "authorship": "(Burm.f.) Hochr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726787",
      "slug": "hygrophila-erecta",
      "photographs_found": 7,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-erecta/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila glandulifera",
      "authorship": "Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726791",
      "slug": "hygrophila-glandulifera",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila gossweileri",
      "authorship": "(S.Moore) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726794",
      "slug": "hygrophila-gossweileri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila gracillima",
      "authorship": "(Schinz) Burkill",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726795",
      "slug": "hygrophila-gracillima",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila griffithii",
      "authorship": "(T.Anderson) Sreem.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726796",
      "slug": "hygrophila-griffithii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila guianensis",
      "authorship": "Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726797",
      "slug": "hygrophila-guianensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila hippuroides",
      "authorship": "Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726800",
      "slug": "hygrophila-hippuroides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila hirsuta",
      "authorship": "Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001268097",
      "slug": "hygrophila-hirsuta",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila humistrata",
      "authorship": "Rizzini",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726803",
      "slug": "hygrophila-humistrata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila incana",
      "authorship": "Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726807",
      "slug": "hygrophila-incana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila intermedia",
      "authorship": "J.B.Imlay",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726808",
      "slug": "hygrophila-intermedia",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila laevis",
      "authorship": "(Nees) Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726812",
      "slug": "hygrophila-laevis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila limnophiloides",
      "authorship": "(S.Moore) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726813",
      "slug": "hygrophila-limnophiloides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila linearis",
      "authorship": "Burkill",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726815",
      "slug": "hygrophila-linearis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila madurensis",
      "authorship": "(N.P.Balakr. & Subr.) Karthik. & Moorthy",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000746570",
      "slug": "hygrophila-madurensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila mediatrix",
      "authorship": "Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726821",
      "slug": "hygrophila-mediatrix",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila meianthos",
      "authorship": "C.B.Clarke",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726822",
      "slug": "hygrophila-meianthos",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila micrantha",
      "authorship": "(Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726823",
      "slug": "hygrophila-micrantha",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila modesta",
      "authorship": "Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044356",
      "slug": "hygrophila-modesta",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila mutica",
      "authorship": "(C.B.Clarke) Vollesen",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001335481",
      "slug": "hygrophila-mutica",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila niokoloensis",
      "authorship": "Berhaut",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726825",
      "slug": "hygrophila-niokoloensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila odora",
      "authorship": "(Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726830",
      "slug": "hygrophila-odora",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila okavangensis",
      "authorship": "P.G.Mey.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044567",
      "slug": "hygrophila-okavangensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila origanoides",
      "authorship": "(Lindau) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726833",
      "slug": "hygrophila-origanoides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila palmensis",
      "authorship": "Pires de Lima",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726835",
      "slug": "hygrophila-palmensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila paraibana",
      "authorship": "Rizzini",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726836",
      "slug": "hygrophila-paraibana",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila parishii",
      "authorship": "(T.Anderson) Karthik. & Moorthy",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000746569",
      "slug": "hygrophila-parishii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila perrieri",
      "authorship": "Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044359",
      "slug": "hygrophila-perrieri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila petiolata",
      "authorship": "(Decne.) Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726839",
      "slug": "hygrophila-petiolata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila phlomoides",
      "authorship": "Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001041395",
      "slug": "hygrophila-phlomoides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila pinnatifida",
      "authorship": "(Dalzell) Sreem.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726841",
      "slug": "hygrophila-pinnatifida",
      "photographs_found": 1,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila pobeguinii",
      "authorship": "Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726842",
      "slug": "hygrophila-pobeguinii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila pogonocalyx",
      "authorship": "Hayata",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001045695",
      "slug": "hygrophila-pogonocalyx",
      "photographs_found": 1,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila polysperma",
      "authorship": "(Roxb.) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726843",
      "slug": "hygrophila-polysperma",
      "photographs_found": 43,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-polysperma/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila pusilla",
      "authorship": "Blume",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726847",
      "slug": "hygrophila-pusilla",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila radicans",
      "authorship": "(Nees) Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044355",
      "slug": "hygrophila-radicans",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila richardsiae",
      "authorship": "Vollesen",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000509526",
      "slug": "hygrophila-richardsiae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila ringens",
      "authorship": "(L.) R.Br. ex Spreng.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001041390",
      "slug": "hygrophila-ringens",
      "photographs_found": 22,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-ringens/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila sandwithii",
      "authorship": "Bremek.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001277392",
      "slug": "hygrophila-sandwithii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila senegalensis",
      "authorship": "(Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726860",
      "slug": "hygrophila-senegalensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila serpyllum",
      "authorship": "(Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726862",
      "slug": "hygrophila-serpyllum",
      "photographs_found": 17,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/hygrophila-serpyllum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila spiciformis",
      "authorship": "Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726866",
      "slug": "hygrophila-spiciformis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila stocksii",
      "authorship": "T.Anderson ex C.B.Clarke",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726869",
      "slug": "hygrophila-stocksii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila stricta",
      "authorship": "(Vahl) Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001043808",
      "slug": "hygrophila-stricta",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila subsessilis",
      "authorship": "C.B.Clarke",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726870",
      "slug": "hygrophila-subsessilis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila surinamensis",
      "authorship": "Bremek.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726871",
      "slug": "hygrophila-surinamensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila thwaitesii",
      "authorship": "(T.Anderson) Heine",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726875",
      "slug": "hygrophila-thwaitesii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila thymus",
      "authorship": "(Nees) Sunojk. & M.G.Prasad",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001340473",
      "slug": "hygrophila-thymus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila tyttha",
      "authorship": "Leonard",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001045734",
      "slug": "hygrophila-tyttha",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila uliginosa",
      "authorship": "S.Moore",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000726878",
      "slug": "hygrophila-uliginosa",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila urquiolae",
      "authorship": "Greuter, R.Rankin & Palmarola",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000746662",
      "slug": "hygrophila-urquiolae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Hygrophila velata",
      "authorship": "Benoist",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001044357",
      "slug": "hygrophila-velata",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/hygrophila/"
  }
}