{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/heterostemma/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "heterostemma"
  },
  "genus": "Heterostemma",
  "family": "Apocynaceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/apocynaceae/",
  "accepted_species": 48,
  "documented_species": 3,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma acuminatum",
      "authorship": "Decne.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001102089",
      "slug": "heterostemma-acuminatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma alatum",
      "authorship": "Wight & Arn.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721598",
      "slug": "heterostemma-alatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma andersonii",
      "authorship": "(Hook.f.) Rodda",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001424488",
      "slug": "heterostemma-andersonii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma angustilobum",
      "authorship": "Schltr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721599",
      "slug": "heterostemma-angustilobum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma balansae",
      "authorship": "Costantin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721600",
      "slug": "heterostemma-balansae",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma barikianum",
      "authorship": "P.Agnihotri, D.Husain, P.Katiyar, D.Sahoo, Rodda & T.Husain",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000032429",
      "slug": "heterostemma-barikianum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma beddomei",
      "authorship": "(Hook.f.) Swarupan. & Mangaly",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721601",
      "slug": "heterostemma-beddomei",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma bicanthaceum",
      "authorship": "Meve, Gâteblé & Liede",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000004767",
      "slug": "heterostemma-bicanthaceum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma brownii",
      "authorship": "Hayata",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721602",
      "slug": "heterostemma-brownii",
      "photographs_found": 11,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/heterostemma-brownii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma carnosum",
      "authorship": "Rodda",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000023096",
      "slug": "heterostemma-carnosum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma collinum",
      "authorship": "Schltr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721604",
      "slug": "heterostemma-collinum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma cucphuongense",
      "authorship": "T.B.Tran & Rodda",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000023097",
      "slug": "heterostemma-cucphuongense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma cuspidatum",
      "authorship": "Decne.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721605",
      "slug": "heterostemma-cuspidatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma dalzellii",
      "authorship": "Hook.f.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721606",
      "slug": "heterostemma-dalzellii",
      "photographs_found": 27,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/heterostemma-dalzellii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma deccanense",
      "authorship": "(Talbot) Swarupan. & Mangaly",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721608",
      "slug": "heterostemma-deccanense",
      "photographs_found": 4,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/heterostemma-deccanense/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma disciflorum",
      "authorship": "(Hook.f.) Swarupan. & Mangaly",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721609",
      "slug": "heterostemma-disciflorum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma esquirolii",
      "authorship": "(H.Lév.) Tsiang",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721610",
      "slug": "heterostemma-esquirolii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma ficoides",
      "authorship": "A.Kidyoo",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001354510",
      "slug": "heterostemma-ficoides",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma fimbriatum",
      "authorship": "King & Gamble",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721611",
      "slug": "heterostemma-fimbriatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma garrettii",
      "authorship": "(Kerr) Rodda",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001424490",
      "slug": "heterostemma-garrettii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma grandiflorum",
      "authorship": "Costantin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721613",
      "slug": "heterostemma-grandiflorum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma herbertii",
      "authorship": "Elmer",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721614",
      "slug": "heterostemma-herbertii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma javanicum",
      "authorship": "Hassk.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721615",
      "slug": "heterostemma-javanicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma kaniense",
      "authorship": "Schltr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721616",
      "slug": "heterostemma-kaniense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma lobulatum",
      "authorship": "Y.H.Li & Konta",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001269422",
      "slug": "heterostemma-lobulatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma luteum",
      "authorship": "Costantin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721618",
      "slug": "heterostemma-luteum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma maculatum",
      "authorship": "(Kerr) Rodda",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001424489",
      "slug": "heterostemma-maculatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma magnificum",
      "authorship": "P.I.Forst.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001104760",
      "slug": "heterostemma-magnificum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma membranifolium",
      "authorship": "(Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Schltr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721620",
      "slug": "heterostemma-membranifolium",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma menghaiense",
      "authorship": "(H.Zhu & H.Wang) M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721621",
      "slug": "heterostemma-menghaiense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma montanum",
      "authorship": "Schltr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721622",
      "slug": "heterostemma-montanum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma oblongifolium",
      "authorship": "Costantin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721623",
      "slug": "heterostemma-oblongifolium",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma pingtaoi",
      "authorship": "Shao Y.He & J.Y.Lin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000746527",
      "slug": "heterostemma-pingtaoi",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma piperifolium",
      "authorship": "King & Gamble",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001103397",
      "slug": "heterostemma-piperifolium",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma samoense",
      "authorship": "(A.Gray) P.I.Forst.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001104761",
      "slug": "heterostemma-samoense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma saolaense",
      "authorship": "Rodda & T.A.Le",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000030192",
      "slug": "heterostemma-saolaense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma siamicum",
      "authorship": "Craib",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721626",
      "slug": "heterostemma-siamicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma sinicum",
      "authorship": "Tsiang",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721627",
      "slug": "heterostemma-sinicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma stellatum",
      "authorship": "Hook.f.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721628",
      "slug": "heterostemma-stellatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma suberosum",
      "authorship": "Costantin",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721629",
      "slug": "heterostemma-suberosum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma succosum",
      "authorship": "Kerr",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721630",
      "slug": "heterostemma-succosum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma tanjorense",
      "authorship": "Wight & Arn.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001101093",
      "slug": "heterostemma-tanjorense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma trilobatum",
      "authorship": "A.Kidyoo & Thaithong",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000032430",
      "slug": "heterostemma-trilobatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma tsoongii",
      "authorship": "Tsiang",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721632",
      "slug": "heterostemma-tsoongii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma urceolatum",
      "authorship": "Dalzell",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721633",
      "slug": "heterostemma-urceolatum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma vasudevanii",
      "authorship": "Swarupan. & Mangaly",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721634",
      "slug": "heterostemma-vasudevanii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma wallichii",
      "authorship": "Wight & Arn.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000721638",
      "slug": "heterostemma-wallichii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Heterostemma xuansonense",
      "authorship": "T.B.Tran & J.Hw.Kim",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000749315",
      "slug": "heterostemma-xuansonense",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/heterostemma/"
  }
}