{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/helleborus/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "helleborus"
  },
  "genus": "Helleborus",
  "family": "Ranunculaceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/ranunculaceae/",
  "accepted_species": 16,
  "documented_species": 11,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus bocconei",
      "authorship": "Ten.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719128",
      "slug": "helleborus-bocconei",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus colchicus",
      "authorship": "Regel",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719136",
      "slug": "helleborus-colchicus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus croaticus",
      "authorship": "Martinis",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719139",
      "slug": "helleborus-croaticus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus cyclophyllus",
      "authorship": "(A.Braun) Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719141",
      "slug": "helleborus-cyclophyllus",
      "photographs_found": 13,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-cyclophyllus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus dumetorum",
      "authorship": "Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719143",
      "slug": "helleborus-dumetorum",
      "photographs_found": 13,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-dumetorum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus foetidus",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719147",
      "slug": "helleborus-foetidus",
      "photographs_found": 799,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-foetidus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus lividus",
      "authorship": "Ait. ex Curtis",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719170",
      "slug": "helleborus-lividus",
      "photographs_found": 48,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-lividus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus multifidus",
      "authorship": "Vis.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719176",
      "slug": "helleborus-multifidus",
      "photographs_found": 7,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-multifidus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus niger",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719181",
      "slug": "helleborus-niger",
      "photographs_found": 239,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-niger/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus odorus",
      "authorship": "Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719185",
      "slug": "helleborus-odorus",
      "photographs_found": 26,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-odorus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus orientalis",
      "authorship": "Lam.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719190",
      "slug": "helleborus-orientalis",
      "photographs_found": 150,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-orientalis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus purpurascens",
      "authorship": "Waldst. & Kit.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719199",
      "slug": "helleborus-purpurascens",
      "photographs_found": 28,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-purpurascens/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus thibetanus",
      "authorship": "Franch.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719207",
      "slug": "helleborus-thibetanus",
      "photographs_found": 7,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-thibetanus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus vesicarius",
      "authorship": "Aucher ex Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719218",
      "slug": "helleborus-vesicarius",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus viridis",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000719221",
      "slug": "helleborus-viridis",
      "photographs_found": 214,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/helleborus-viridis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Helleborus × mucheri",
      "authorship": "Rottenst.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001347290",
      "slug": "helleborus-mucheri",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/helleborus/"
  }
}