{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/arum/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "arum"
  },
  "genus": "Arum",
  "family": "Araceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/araceae/",
  "accepted_species": 28,
  "documented_species": 14,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum apulum",
      "authorship": "(Carano) P.C.Boyce",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000277860",
      "slug": "arum-apulum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum besserianum",
      "authorship": "Schott",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000277982",
      "slug": "arum-besserianum",
      "photographs_found": 4,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-besserianum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum concinnatum",
      "authorship": "Schott",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000278225",
      "slug": "arum-concinnatum",
      "photographs_found": 16,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-concinnatum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum creticum",
      "authorship": "Boiss. & Heldr.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000278374",
      "slug": "arum-creticum",
      "photographs_found": 18,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-creticum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum cylindraceum",
      "authorship": "Gasp.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000278450",
      "slug": "arum-cylindraceum",
      "photographs_found": 130,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-cylindraceum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum cyrenaicum",
      "authorship": "Hruby",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000278472",
      "slug": "arum-cyrenaicum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum dioscoridis",
      "authorship": "Sm.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000278549",
      "slug": "arum-dioscoridis",
      "photographs_found": 19,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-dioscoridis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum euxinum",
      "authorship": "R.R.Mill",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000278949",
      "slug": "arum-euxinum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum gratum",
      "authorship": "Schott",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279160",
      "slug": "arum-gratum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum hainesii",
      "authorship": "Riedl",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279212",
      "slug": "arum-hainesii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum hygrophilum",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279256",
      "slug": "arum-hygrophilum",
      "photographs_found": 6,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-hygrophilum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum idaeum",
      "authorship": "Coustur. & Gand.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279332",
      "slug": "arum-idaeum",
      "photographs_found": 1,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum italicum",
      "authorship": "Mill.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279414",
      "slug": "arum-italicum",
      "photographs_found": 1648,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-italicum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum jacquemontii",
      "authorship": "Blume",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279794",
      "slug": "arum-jacquemontii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum korolkowii",
      "authorship": "Regel",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279805",
      "slug": "arum-korolkowii",
      "photographs_found": 14,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-korolkowii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum lucanum",
      "authorship": "Cavara & Grande",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279923",
      "slug": "arum-lucanum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum maculatum",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000279961",
      "slug": "arum-maculatum",
      "photographs_found": 1803,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-maculatum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum megobrebi",
      "authorship": "Lobin, M.Neumann, Bogner & P.C.Boyce",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000834985",
      "slug": "arum-megobrebi",
      "photographs_found": 5,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-megobrebi/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum meryemianum",
      "authorship": "Yıldırım",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000049902",
      "slug": "arum-meryemianum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum nigrum",
      "authorship": "Schott",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000280462",
      "slug": "arum-nigrum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum orientale",
      "authorship": "M.Bieb.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000280604",
      "slug": "arum-orientale",
      "photographs_found": 52,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-orientale/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum palaestinum",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000280910",
      "slug": "arum-palaestinum",
      "photographs_found": 10,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-palaestinum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum pictum",
      "authorship": "L.f.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000281033",
      "slug": "arum-pictum",
      "photographs_found": 15,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-pictum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum purpureospathum",
      "authorship": "P.C.Boyce",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000281174",
      "slug": "arum-purpureospathum",
      "photographs_found": 4,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/arum-purpureospathum/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum rupicola",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000281316",
      "slug": "arum-rupicola",
      "photographs_found": 2,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum sintenisii",
      "authorship": "(Engl.) P.C.Boyce",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000281480",
      "slug": "arum-sintenisii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum taiwanianum",
      "authorship": "S.S.Ying",
      "wfo": "wfo-1000021116",
      "slug": "arum-taiwanianum",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Arum × sooi",
      "authorship": "Terpó",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000281488",
      "slug": "arum-sooi",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/arum/"
  }
}