{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/genus-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/genus/acanthus/",
  "id": {
    "slug": "acanthus"
  },
  "genus": "Acanthus",
  "family": "Acanthaceae",
  "family_url": "https://botanai.app/family/acanthaceae/",
  "accepted_species": 30,
  "documented_species": 10,
  "species": [
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus albus",
      "authorship": "Debnath, B.K.Singh & P.Giri",
      "wfo": "wfo-0001337840",
      "slug": "acanthus-albus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus arboreus",
      "authorship": "Forssk.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513797",
      "slug": "acanthus-arboreus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus austromontanus",
      "authorship": "Vollesen",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000506261",
      "slug": "acanthus-austromontanus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus carduaceus",
      "authorship": "Griff.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513804",
      "slug": "acanthus-carduaceus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus caroli-alexandri",
      "authorship": "Hausskn.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513807",
      "slug": "acanthus-caroli-alexandri",
      "photographs_found": 6,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-caroli-alexandri/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus caudatus",
      "authorship": "Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513808",
      "slug": "acanthus-caudatus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus dioscoridis",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513812",
      "slug": "acanthus-dioscoridis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus ebracteatus",
      "authorship": "Vahl",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513823",
      "slug": "acanthus-ebracteatus",
      "photographs_found": 8,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-ebracteatus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus eminens",
      "authorship": "C.B.Clarke",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513827",
      "slug": "acanthus-eminens",
      "photographs_found": 2,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus flexicaulis",
      "authorship": "Bremek.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513829",
      "slug": "acanthus-flexicaulis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus gaed",
      "authorship": "Lindau",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513831",
      "slug": "acanthus-gaed",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus greuterianus",
      "authorship": "Snogerup, B.Snogerup & Strid",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000506262",
      "slug": "acanthus-greuterianus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus guineensis",
      "authorship": "Heine & P.Taylor",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513837",
      "slug": "acanthus-guineensis",
      "photographs_found": 4,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-guineensis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus hirsutus",
      "authorship": "Boiss.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513838",
      "slug": "acanthus-hirsutus",
      "photographs_found": 9,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-hirsutus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus hungaricus",
      "authorship": "(Borbás) Baen.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513843",
      "slug": "acanthus-hungaricus",
      "photographs_found": 3,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-hungaricus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus ilicifolius",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513844",
      "slug": "acanthus-ilicifolius",
      "photographs_found": 103,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-ilicifolius/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus kulalensis",
      "authorship": "Vollesen",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000506264",
      "slug": "acanthus-kulalensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus latisepalus",
      "authorship": "C.B.Clarke",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513852",
      "slug": "acanthus-latisepalus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus leucostachyus",
      "authorship": "Wall. ex Nees",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513853",
      "slug": "acanthus-leucostachyus",
      "photographs_found": 1,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus longibracteatus",
      "authorship": "Kurz",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513854",
      "slug": "acanthus-longibracteatus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus mayaccanus",
      "authorship": "Büttner",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513863",
      "slug": "acanthus-mayaccanus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus mollis",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513864",
      "slug": "acanthus-mollis",
      "photographs_found": 964,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-mollis/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus montanus",
      "authorship": "(Nees) T.Anderson",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513865",
      "slug": "acanthus-montanus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus polystachyus",
      "authorship": "Delile",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513873",
      "slug": "acanthus-polystachyus",
      "photographs_found": 35,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-polystachyus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus sennii",
      "authorship": "Chiov.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513883",
      "slug": "acanthus-sennii",
      "photographs_found": 8,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-sennii/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus seretii",
      "authorship": "De Wild.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513885",
      "slug": "acanthus-seretii",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus spinosus",
      "authorship": "L.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513891",
      "slug": "acanthus-spinosus",
      "photographs_found": 42,
      "documented": true,
      "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/acanthus-spinosus/"
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus ueleensis",
      "authorship": "De Wild.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513895",
      "slug": "acanthus-ueleensis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus villaeanus",
      "authorship": "De Wild.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513901",
      "slug": "acanthus-villaeanus",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    },
    {
      "scientific_name": "Acanthus volubilis",
      "authorship": "Wall.",
      "wfo": "wfo-0000513902",
      "slug": "acanthus-volubilis",
      "photographs_found": 0,
      "documented": false,
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "evidence_gate": {
    "rule": "at least 3 photographs licensed for commercial use",
    "rationale": "This site is commercial, so it can only publish photographs licensed for commercial use. Roughly three quarters of the photographs on iNaturalist are CC BY-NC, which excludes them. A species below the gate is listed here rather than given a page of its own."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted names, authorities, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/genus/acanthus/"
  }
}