slug: lachenalia-fistulosa

scientific: Lachenalia fistulosa

authorship: Baker

epithet: fistulosa

Lachenalia convallariodora

authorship: Stapf

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 219 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Gard. Chron. n.s., 21:  668


slug: lachenalia-flava

scientific: Lachenalia flava

authorship: Andrews

genus: Lachenalia

epithet: flava

family: Asparagaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Lachenalia aloides var. aurea

authorship: (Lindl.) Engl.

Lachenalia aurea

authorship: Lindl.

Lachenalia macrophylla

authorship: Lem.

Lachenalia tricolor var. aurea

authorship: (Lindl.) Baker

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

climate: subtropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Life form

category: Form and habit

value: geophyte

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Andrews

published_in: Bot. Repos. t. 456

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: lachenalia-framesii

scientific: Lachenalia framesii

epithet: framesii

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 85 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: lachenalia-glauca

scientific: Lachenalia glauca

authorship: (W.F.Barker) G.D.Duncan

epithet: glauca

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 299. 2012 [28 Sep 2012]

climate: desert or dry shrubland

authors: (W.F.Barker) G.D.Duncan

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 299

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-haarlemensis

scientific: Lachenalia haarlemensis

authorship: Fourc.

epithet: haarlemensis

published_in: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 21: 79 (1932)

authors: Fourc.

published_in: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 21: 79

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-hirta

scientific: Lachenalia hirta

authorship: (Thunb.) Thunb.

epithet: hirta

Phormium hirtum

authorship: Thunb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 48 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

authors: (Thunb.) Thunb.

published_in: Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 64

reason: Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-inconspicua

scientific: Lachenalia inconspicua

epithet: inconspicua

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-judithiae

scientific: Lachenalia judithiae

epithet: judithiae

published_in: Genus Lachenalia : 268 (2012)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 268


slug: lachenalia-juncifolia

scientific: Lachenalia juncifolia

epithet: juncifolia

authors: Baker

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 409


slug: lachenalia-karooica

scientific: Lachenalia karooica

authorship: W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan

epithet: karooica

codes: CPP OFS

Free State

code: OFS

authors: W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-longibracteata

scientific: Lachenalia longibracteata

epithet: longibracteata

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 11: t. 405 (1931)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 95 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 1931, xi. t. 405


slug: lachenalia-lutea

scientific: Lachenalia lutea

epithet: lutea

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 378 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

value: herb


slug: lachenalia-luteola

scientific: Lachenalia luteola

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: luteola

published_in: Collectanea 4: 148 (1791)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 153 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Jacq.

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 4: 148


slug: lachenalia-lutzeyeri

scientific: Lachenalia lutzeyeri

epithet: lutzeyeri

names:
Grootbos Viooltjie
Lutzeyer’s lachenalia

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-marginata

scientific: Lachenalia marginata

epithet: marginata

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 45(2): 204

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-mathewsii

scientific: Lachenalia mathewsii

epithet: mathewsii

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 11: t. 422 (1931)

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 1931, xi. t. 422

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-mediana

scientific: Lachenalia mediana

epithet: mediana

published_in: Collectanea 3: 242 (1791)

Lachenalia mediana var. rogersii

authorship: (Baker) W.F.Barker

Scillopsis mediana

authorship: (Jacq.) Lem.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 114 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Renoster Viooltjie
Tinged Viooltjie

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 3: 242


slug: lachenalia-membranacea

scientific: Lachenalia membranacea

epithet: membranacea

published_in: Genus Lachenalia : 397 (2012)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 178 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 397


slug: lachenalia-moniliformis

scientific: Lachenalia moniliformis

epithet: moniliformis

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-montana

scientific: Lachenalia montana

authorship: Schltr. ex W.F.Barker

epithet: montana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Schltr. ex W.F.Barker

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 44(4): 415


slug: lachenalia-mutabilis

scientific: Lachenalia mutabilis

authorship: G.Lodd. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

epithet: mutabilis

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 7: 1710-1711. 1830

Orchiastrum mutabile

authorship: (Sweet) Lem.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 465 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Лашеналия изменчивая

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Magdalis barbita
Redivivoides simulans

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: Sweet

published_in: Sweet's Hort. Brit. 420


slug: lachenalia-namaquensis

scientific: Lachenalia namaquensis

epithet: namaquensis

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 44(4): 402

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-nardousbergensis

scientific: Lachenalia nardousbergensis

epithet: nardousbergensis

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 73 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: lachenalia-neilii

scientific: Lachenalia neilii

epithet: neilii

names:
Dolerite Viooltjie
Toddler Viooltjie

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: lachenalia-nervosa

scientific: Lachenalia nervosa

authorship: Ker Gawl.

epithet: nervosa

Lachenalia bowieana

authorship: Baker

Lachenalia latifolia

authorship: Tratt.

Platyestes nervosa

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Salisb.

Scillopsis nervosa

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Lem.

authors: Ker Gawl.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-obscura

scientific: Lachenalia obscura

authorship: Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan

epithet: obscura

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 116 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Drab Viooltjie
Grey Viooltjie

authors: Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: lachenalia-orchioides

scientific: Lachenalia orchioides

authorship: (L.) Aiton

epithet: orchioides

Dipcadioides maculata

authorship: Medik.

Hyacinthus orchioides

authorship: L.

Lachenalia hyacinthoides

authorship: (L.f.) Lam.

Lachenalia orchioides var. glaucina

authorship: (Jacq.) W.F.Barker

Lachenalia pulchella

authorship: Kunth

Lachenalia pustulata

authorship: P.J.Bergius ex Kunth

Muscari orchioides

authorship: (L.) Mill.

Orchiastrum aitonii

authorship: Lem.

Orchiastrum pulchellum

authorship: (Kunth) Lem.

Orchiops orchioides

authorship: (L.) Salisb.

Phormium orchioides

authorship: (L.) Thunb.

Scilla blanda

authorship: Salisb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 769 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Orchid Viooltjie
Wild Viooltjie

authors: (L.) Aiton

published_in: Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 1: 460


slug: lachenalia-pallida

scientific: Lachenalia pallida

authorship: Aiton

epithet: pallida

Chloriza fragrans

authorship: (Jacq.) Salisb.

Lachenalia fragrans

authorship: Jacq.

Lachenalia lucida

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Lachenalia odoratissima

authorship: Baker

Lachenalia pyramidalis

authorship: Dehnh.

Lachenalia unicolor var. fragrans

authorship: (Jacq.) Baker

Orchiastrum pallidum

authorship: (Aiton) Lem.

Scillopsis fragrans

authorship: (Jacq.) Lem.

Triallosia pallida

authorship: (Aiton) Raf.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1138 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lachenalia-patentissima

scientific: Lachenalia patentissima

epithet: patentissima

published_in: Genus Lachenalia : 150 (2012)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 150

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-patula

scientific: Lachenalia patula

epithet: patula

published_in: Collectanea 4: 149 (1791)

Lachenalia succulenta

authorship: Masson ex Baker

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 4: 149

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: lachenalia-paucifolia

scientific: Lachenalia paucifolia

authorship: (W.F.Barker) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

epithet: paucifolia

Periboea oliveri

authorship: U.Müll.-Doblies & D.Müll.-Doblies

Periboea paucifolia

authorship: (W.F.Barker) U.Müll.-Doblies & D.Müll.-Doblies

Polyxena paucifolia

authorship: (W.F.Barker) A.M.van der Merwe & J.C.Manning

authors: (W.F.Barker) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

published_in: Edinburgh J. Bot. 60(3): 565

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-peersii

scientific: Lachenalia peersii

authorship: Marloth ex W.F.Barker

epithet: peersii

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 479 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Marloth ex W.F.Barker

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 44(4): 391


slug: lachenalia-polyphylla

scientific: Lachenalia polyphylla

epithet: polyphylla

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 35: 7 (1892)

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15(3, Beibl. 35): 7

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-punctata

scientific: Lachenalia punctata

epithet: punctata

published_in: Collectanea 2: 323 (1789)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1147 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Bergnaeltjie rooinaeltjies

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 2: 323


slug: lachenalia-pusilla

scientific: Lachenalia pusilla

epithet: pusilla

published_in: Collectanea 5: 71 (1797)

Brachyscypha undulata

authorship: (Thunb.) Baker

Massonia pusilla

authorship: Banks ex Ker-Gawl.

Massonia undulata

authorship: Thunb.

Polyxena pusilla

authorship: (Jacq.) Schltr.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 74 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 0 m

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 71

reason: Only 25 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-reflexa

scientific: Lachenalia reflexa

epithet: reflexa

Coelanthus complicatus

authorship: Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

Lachenalia pusilla

authorship: Eckl. ex Kunth

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 606 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Golden Soldiers
Yellow Soldier

authors: Thunb.

published_in: Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 64


slug: lachenalia-rosea

scientific: Lachenalia rosea

authorship: Andrews

epithet: rosea

Lachenalia bifolia

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Lachenalia sanguinolenta

authorship: Willd. ex Kunth

Lachenalia unifolia var. pappei

authorship: Baker

Scillopsis bifolia

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Lem.

Scillopsis rosea

authorship: (Andrews) Lem.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 294 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Bot. Repos. t. 296


slug: lachenalia-salteri

scientific: Lachenalia salteri

epithet: salteri

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 13: t. 505 (1933)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 96 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 1933, xiii. t. 505


slug: lachenalia-schlechteri

scientific: Lachenalia schlechteri

epithet: schlechteri

published_in: Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 999 (1904)

Lachenalia unifolia var. schlechteri

authorship: (Baker) W.F.Barker

published_in: Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. iv. 999

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-sessiliflora

scientific: Lachenalia sessiliflora

epithet: sessiliflora

published_in: Bot. Repos. t. 460


slug: lachenalia-splendida

scientific: Lachenalia splendida

authorship: Diels

epithet: splendida

Lachenalia roodieae

authorship: Phillips

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Diels

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 44(1): 116


slug: lachenalia-stayneri

scientific: Lachenalia stayneri

epithet: stayneri

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 45(2): 214

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-suaveolens

scientific: Lachenalia suaveolens

authorship: (W.F.Barker) G.D.Duncan

epithet: suaveolens

published_in: Genus Lachenalia : 399 (2012)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 95 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 399


slug: lachenalia-trichophylla

scientific: Lachenalia trichophylla

epithet: trichophylla

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 107 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lachenalia-undulata

scientific: Lachenalia undulata

authorship: Masson ex Baker

epithet: undulata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 120 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Masson ex Baker


slug: lachenalia-unifolia

scientific: Lachenalia unifolia

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: unifolia

published_in: Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 43 (1797)

Monoestes unifolia

authorship: (Jacq.) Salisb.

Scillopsis unifolia

authorship: (Jacq.) Lem.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 595 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Banded Viooltjie
Blue Viooltjie

names:
Blou Viooltjie
Blou Viooltjies

published_in: Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 43


slug: lachenalia-vanzyliae

scientific: Lachenalia vanzyliae

authorship: (W.F.Barker) G.D.Duncan & T.J.Edwards

epithet: vanzyliae

published_in: Genus Lachenalia : 131 (2012)

authors: (W.F.Barker) G.D.Duncan & T.J.Edwards

published_in: Genus Lachenalia 131


slug: lachenalia-variegata

scientific: Lachenalia variegata

epithet: variegata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 154 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: J. S. African Bot. xv. 37 (1949)


slug: lachenalia-ventricosa

scientific: Lachenalia ventricosa

authorship: Schltr. ex W.F.Barker

epithet: ventricosa

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 45(2): 216


slug: lachenalia-violacea

scientific: Lachenalia violacea

epithet: violacea

published_in: Collectanea 4: 147 (1791)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 184 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 4: 147


slug: lachenalia-whitehillensis

scientific: Lachenalia whitehillensis

epithet: whitehillensis

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-xerophila

scientific: Lachenalia xerophila

authorship: Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan

epithet: xerophila

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachenalia-youngii

scientific: Lachenalia youngii

epithet: youngii

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lachnaea-aurea

scientific: Lachnaea aurea

authorship: Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Meisn.

genus: Lachnaea

epithet: aurea

family: Thymelaeaceae

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

value: shrub

value: woody

value: 1 m

authors: Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Meisn.


slug: lachnaea-axillaris

scientific: Lachnaea axillaris

authorship: Meisn.

epithet: axillaris

Lachnaea micrantha

authorship: Schltr.

Radojitskya capensis

authorship: Turcz.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 124 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Meisn.

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-burchellii

scientific: Lachnaea burchellii

epithet: burchellii

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Burchells Mountain Carnation
Burchells Stripper

value: subshrub

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-capitata

scientific: Lachnaea capitata

authorship: (L.) Crantz

epithet: capitata

Passerina capitata

authorship: L.

Steiroctis capitata

authorship: (L.) Raf.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 112 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (L.) Crantz

published_in: Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 129

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: lachnaea-densiflora

scientific: Lachnaea densiflora

epithet: densiflora

preferred: blushing mountain carnation

source: wikidata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 435 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
blushing mountain carnation
Blushing Stripper

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-diosmoides

scientific: Lachnaea diosmoides

epithet: diosmoides

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 234 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Diosma Stripper
Scented Stripper

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-elsieae

scientific: Lachnaea elsieae

authorship: Beyers

epithet: elsieae

authors: Beyers

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-ericoides

scientific: Lachnaea ericoides

epithet: ericoides

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: lachnaea-eriocephala

scientific: Lachnaea eriocephala

epithet: eriocephala

Lachnaea eriocephala var. purpurea

authorship: (Andrews) Meisn.

Lachnaea purpurea

authorship: Andrews

Lachnaea rosea

authorship: Baill.

Passerina purpurea

authorship: (Andrews) Wikstr.

names:
Carnation Stripper
Mountain Carnation

authors: L.


slug: lachnaea-filamentosa

scientific: Lachnaea filamentosa

epithet: filamentosa

Gnidia grandis

authorship: Sims

Lachnaea buxifolia

authorship: Lam.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 80 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: bergaster blou-bergaster

value: 2 m


slug: lachnaea-filicaulis

scientific: Lachnaea filicaulis

authorship: (Meisn.) Beyers

epithet: filicaulis

Gnidia genistifolia

authorship: Engl. & Gilg

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Meisn.) Beyers

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-globulifera

scientific: Lachnaea globulifera

epithet: globulifera

Passerina eriocephala

authorship: Thunb.


slug: lachnaea-grandiflora

scientific: Lachnaea grandiflora

authorship: (L.f.) Baill.

epithet: grandiflora

preferred: greater mountain carnation

Calysericos argentea

authorship: Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Meisn.

Craspedostoma cephalotes

authorship: (Licht. ex Meisn.) Domke

Cryptadenia grandiflora

authorship: (L.f.) Meisn.

Gnidia cephalotes

authorship: Licht. ex Meisn.

Gnidia grandiflora

authorship: (L.f.) Willd.

Gnidia pachyphylla

authorship: Spreng. ex Meisn.

Passerina campanulata

authorship: E.Mey. ex C.Presl

Sanamunda grandiflora

authorship: (L.f.) Raf.

Sanamunda subulata

authorship: Raf.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 814 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
greater mountain carnation
Grand Stripper

authors: Baill.

published_in: Hist. Pl. (Baillon) 6: 107


slug: lachnaea-greytonensis

scientific: Lachnaea greytonensis

authorship: Beyers

epithet: greytonensis


slug: lachnaea-laniflora

scientific: Lachnaea laniflora

authorship: (C.H.Wright) Bond

epithet: laniflora

authors: (C.H.Wright) Bond


slug: lachnaea-montana

scientific: Lachnaea montana

epithet: montana


slug: lachnaea-naviculifolia

scientific: Lachnaea naviculifolia

authorship: Compton

epithet: naviculifolia

authors: Compton

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: lachnaea-nervosa

scientific: Lachnaea nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Meisn.

epithet: nervosa

Lachnaea ambigua

authorship: Meisn.


slug: lachnaea-penicillata

scientific: Lachnaea penicillata

epithet: penicillata


slug: lachnaea-pomposa

scientific: Lachnaea pomposa

epithet: pomposa

Gnidia filamentosa var. glauca

authorship: (Salisb.) Wikstr.

Gnidia filamentosa var. virens

authorship: (Sims) Wikstr.

Lachnaea buxifolia var. glauca

authorship: (Salisb.) Sims

Lachnaea buxifolia var. virens

authorship: Sims

Lachnaea filamentosa

authorship: (L.f.) Gilg

Lachnaea glauca

authorship: Salisb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lachnaea-pudens

scientific: Lachnaea pudens

epithet: pudens

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-pusilla

scientific: Lachnaea pusilla

epithet: pusilla


slug: lachnaea-ruscifolia

scientific: Lachnaea ruscifolia

epithet: ruscifolia

published_in: J. S. African Bot. xix. 132 (1953)


slug: lachnaea-sociorum

scientific: Lachnaea sociorum

epithet: sociorum


slug: lachnaea-uniflora

scientific: Lachnaea uniflora

authorship: (L.) Crantz

epithet: uniflora

Calysericos uniflora

authorship: (L.) Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Meisn.

Lachnaea ciliata

authorship: Crantz

Passerina ciliata

authorship: Thunb.

Passerina uniflora

authorship: L.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Crantz

published_in: Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 130

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnaea-villosa

scientific: Lachnaea villosa

epithet: villosa


slug: lachnagrostis-aemula

scientific: Lachnagrostis aemula

authorship: (R.Br.) Trin.

genus: Lachnagrostis

epithet: aemula

family: Poaceae

Calamagrostis aemula

authorship: (R.Br.) Steud.

Deyeuxia aemula

authorship: (R.Br.) Kunth

Vilfa aemula

authorship: (R.Br.) P.Beauv.

value: hemicryptophyte

value: annual

authors: (R.Br.) Trin.

published_in: Fundamenta Agrostographiae

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnagrostis-billardierei

scientific: Lachnagrostis billardierei

epithet: billardierei

Agrostis labillardierei

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Avena filiformis

authorship: Labill.

Calamagrostis aemula var. billardierei

authorship: (R.Br.) Maiden & Betche

Deyeuxia leptostachya

authorship: Kirk ex Petrie

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1019 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sand Wind Grass
coast blown-grass

published_in: Fund. Agrost. (Trinius) 128


slug: lachnagrostis-elata

scientific: Lachnagrostis elata

authorship: Edgar

epithet: elata

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot. 33: 18 (1995)

codes: NZN NZS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

lifeform: perennial

climate: temperate

authors: Edgar

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnagrostis-filiformis

scientific: Lachnagrostis filiformis

authorship: (G.Forst.) Trin.

epithet: filiformis

preferred: New Zealand wind grass

english:
New Zealand wind grass
Pacific bentgrass

Agrostis chamissonis

authorship: (Trin.) Trin.

Agrostis debilis

authorship: Poir.

Agrostis filiformis

authorship: (G.Forst.) Biehler

Agrostis forsteri

authorship: Rich. ex Roem. & Schult.

Agrostis lasiantha

authorship: Phil.

Agrostis leonii

authorship: Parodi

Agrostis ligulata

authorship: Steud.

Agrostis retrofracta

authorship: Willd.

Calamagrostis avenacea

authorship: (J.F.Gmel.) W.R.B.Oliv.

Calamagrostis chamissonis

authorship: (Trin.) Steud.

Calamagrostis filiformis

authorship: (G.Forst.) Cockayne

Calamagrostis forsteri

authorship: (Kunth) Steud.

Calamagrostis retrofracta

authorship: (Willd.) Link ex Steud.

Deyeuxia chamissonis

authorship: (Trin.) Kunth

Deyeuxia filiformis

authorship: (G.Forst.) Petrie

Deyeuxia filiformis var. aristata

authorship: (Benth.) Domin

Deyeuxia forsteri

authorship: Kunth

Deyeuxia forsteri var. aristata

authorship: Benth.

Deyeuxia retrofracta

authorship: (Willd.) Kunth

Lachnagrostis avenacea

authorship: (J.F.Gmel.) Veldkamp

Lachnagrostis chamissonis

authorship: Trin.

Lachnagrostis retrofracta

authorship: (Willd.) Trin.

Vilfa debilis

authorship: (Poir.) P.Beauv.

Vilfa retrofracta

authorship: (Willd.) P.Beauv.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 701 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
New Zealand wind grass
Bentgrass

names: 类燕麦翦股颖 類燕麥翦股穎

names: Полевица овсяная

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

value: graminoid

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: therophyte

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: (G.Forst.) Trin.


slug: lachnagrostis-lachnantha

scientific: Lachnagrostis lachnantha

authorship: (Nees) Rúgolo & A.M.Molina

epithet: lachnantha

published_in: Bot. Nuevo Milenio : 29 (2002)

Agrostis dregeana

authorship: Steud.

Agrostis lachnantha

authorship: Nees

Agrostis lachnantha var. glabra

authorship: Gooss. & Papendorf

Agrostis vestita

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Calamagrostis welwitschii

authorship: Rendle

Podosemum lachnanthum

authorship: (Nees) Nees

codes: ANG BUR CPP ZAI ERI SWZ ETH OFS NAT LES MLW NAM TVL RWA SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM YEM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eritrea

code: ERI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Malawi

code: MLW

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

region: East Tropical Africa

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

Yemen

code: YEM

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Arabian Peninsula

lifeform: annual or perennial

climate: seasonally dry tropical

names:
African Bent
South African Bent Grass

names: vink-agrostis vinkagrostis


slug: lachnocapsa-spathulata

scientific: Lachnocapsa spathulata

genus: Lachnocapsa

epithet: spathulata

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 11: 501 (1882)

Socotra

code: SOC

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

published_in: Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh xi. (1882) 501


slug: lachnospermum-fasciculatum

scientific: Lachnospermum fasciculatum

authorship: (Thunb.) Baill.

genus: Lachnospermum

epithet: fasciculatum

family: Asteraceae

Lachnospermum ericifolium

authorship: Willd.

Lachnospermum ericoides

authorship: Harv.

Staehelina fasciculata

authorship: Thunb.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 59 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Hist. Pl. (Baillon) 8: 183


slug: lachnospermum-imbricatum

scientific: Lachnospermum imbricatum

authorship: (P.J.Bergius) Hilliard

epithet: imbricatum

Argyrocome vermiculata

authorship: Poir.

Erythropogon imbricatus

authorship: DC.

Metalasia virgata

authorship: Compton

Tuloclinia imbricata

authorship: Raf.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 53 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (P.J.Bergius) Hilliard


slug: lachnospermum-umbellatum

scientific: Lachnospermum umbellatum

authorship: (D.Don) Pillans

epithet: umbellatum

Metalasia umbellata

authorship: (L.f.) D.Don

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 125 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: rooiblombos rooiblombossie

authors: (D.Don) Pillans

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 20: 87

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnostachys-coolgardiensis

scientific: Lachnostachys coolgardiensis

genus: Lachnostachys

epithet: coolgardiensis

family: Lamiaceae

name: Lachnostachys coolgardiensis f. brevispicata

authorship: (E.Pritz.) Munir

Western Australia

code: WAU

region: Australia

value: chamaephyte

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: lachnostachys-eriobotrya

scientific: Lachnostachys eriobotrya

authorship: (F.Muell.) Druce

epithet: eriobotrya

published_in: Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles  1916: 630 (1917)

Pycnolachne ledifolia

authorship: Turcz.

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 82 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: Druce

published_in: Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 4(Suppl. 2): 630

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lachnostylis-bilocularis

scientific: Lachnostylis bilocularis

genus: Lachnostylis

epithet: bilocularis

family: Phyllanthaceae

preferred: rock coalwood

names: klipkoolhout klip-koolhout

value: 5 m

published_in: S. African J. Sci. xl. 123, in adnot

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: lachnostylis-hirta

scientific: Lachnostylis hirta

authorship: (L.f.) Müll.Arg.

epithet: hirta

preferred: coalwood

Clutia hirta

authorship: Vahl

Discocarpus hirtus

authorship: (L.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm.

Lachnostylis hirta var. minor

authorship: (Sond.) Müll.Arg.

Lachnostylis minor

authorship: Sond.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 90 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names:
coalwood
Coastal Coalwood

value: tree

value: 8 m

published_in: Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 15(2.2): 225


slug: lacistema-aggregatum

scientific: Lacistema aggregatum

authorship: (P.J.Bergius) Rusby

genus: Lacistema

epithet: aggregatum

family: Lacistemataceae

published_in: Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 447 (1907)

Didymandra purpurea

authorship: Willd.

Lacistema aggregatum var. elongatum

authorship: Maguire

Lacistema angustum

authorship: Schnizl.

Lacistema bolivianum

authorship: Gand.

Lacistema floribundum

authorship: Miq.

Lacistema myricoides

authorship: Sw.

Lacistema oblongum

authorship: Spreng.

Lacistema occidentale

authorship: Cuatrec.

Lacistema orinocense

authorship: Baehni

Nematospermum laevigatum

authorship: Rich.

Piper fasciculare

authorship: Rudge

Synzyganthera purpurea

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS AGE AGW BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS ECU FRG GUA GUY HON JAM NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

region: Caribbean

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 87 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Chlorophanes spiza
Dacnis cayana
Ramphocelus carbo
Tangara gyrola
Tangara mexicana
Thraupis episcopus
Thraupis palmarum

partners:
Arremonops conirostris
Attila spadiceus
Cacicus microrhynchus
Caryothraustes poliogaster
Catharus aurantiirostris
Catharus ustulatus
Cebus albifrons
Celeus castaneus

partners:
Cecidellis inflativena
Tropicharis cecivora

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lackeya-multiflora

scientific: Lackeya multiflora

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Fortunato, L.P.Queiroz & G.P.Lewis

genus: Lackeya

epithet: multiflora

family: Fabaceae

preferred: Boykin's clusterpea

source: usda

Dioclea boykinii

authorship: A.Gray ex S.Watson

Dioclea multiflora

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) C.Mohr

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Mohr

Dolichos multiflorus

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Galactia mohlenbrockii var. halei

authorship: (Alph.Wood) R.H.Maxwell

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO ILL KTY OKL TEN TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: climbing perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 195 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: vine

value: non-woody

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol DIMU

license: public domain

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lacomucinaea-lineata

scientific: Lacomucinaea lineata

authorship: (L.f.) Nickrent & M.A.García

genus: Lacomucinaea

epithet: lineata

family: Santalaceae

Linosyris lineata

authorship: Kuntze

Linosyris spartea

authorship: (R.Br.) Kuntze

Thesium rigidum

authorship: Sond.

Thesium viscibaccatum

authorship: Dinter

codes: CPP OFS NAM TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Free State

code: OFS

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 298 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Kaaiingbos Kaiingbos

value: shrub

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

authors: (L.f.) Nickrent & M.A.García

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lactuca-biennis

scientific: Lactuca biennis

authorship: (Moench) Fernald

genus: Lactuca

epithet: biennis

preferred: Blue lettuce

english:
Blue lettuce
Tall Blue Lettuce
tall blue lettuce

Agathyrsus leucophaeus

authorship: (Willd.) L.C.Beck

Agathyrsus spicatus

authorship: (Lam.) D.Don

authorship: (Lam.) Sweet

Cicerbita leucophaea

authorship: Wallr.

Cicerbita spicata

authorship: (Lam.) Beauverd

Galathenium multiflorum

authorship: Nutt.

Lactuca biennis f. integrifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Fernald

Lactuca multifida

authorship: Rydb.

Lactuca spicata

authorship: (Lam.) Hitchc.

Lactuca spicata f. integrifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Jenn.

Lactuca spicata var. integrifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Britton

Lactuca spicata var. multifida

authorship: A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.

Lactuca terrae-novae

authorship: Fernald

Mulgedium leucophaeum

authorship: DC.

Mulgedium spicatum

authorship: (Lam.) Small

Mulgedium spicatum var. integrifolium

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Small

Sonchus biennis

authorship: Moench

Sonchus leucophaeus

authorship: Willd.

Sonchus spicatus

authorship: Lam.

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC IDA ILL INI IOW KTY LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MNT NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NFL NCA NDA NSC OHI ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SDA TEN UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Idaho

code: IDA

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2050 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: خس طويل القامة

names: Латук двулетний

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Sphaerophoria
Toxomerus geminatus
Bombus pensylvanicus

partners:
Chauliognathus pensylvanicus
Phaneta ornatula


slug: lactuca-bourgaei

scientific: Lactuca bourgaei

authorship: (Boiss.) Irish & N.Taylor bis

epithet: bourgaei

published_in: in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort.: 1766. 1916

Agathyrsus prenanthoides

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Sweet

authorship: (M.Bieb.) D.Don

Cicerbita bourgaei

authorship: (Boiss.) Beauverd

Cicerbita bourgaei var. colchica

authorship: (Albov) Beauverd

Cicerbita prenanthoides

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Beauverd

Lactuca marschallii

authorship: Stebbins

Lactuca prenanthoides

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Schmalh.

Mulgedium bourgaei

authorship: Boiss.

Mulgedium bourgaei var. colchicum

authorship: Albov

name: Mulgedium bourgaei var. subintegrifolium

authorship: Sommier & Levier

Mulgedium prenanthoides

authorship: (M.Bieb.) DC.

codes: NCS TCS TUR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 134 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pontic Blue-sow-thistle
pontic blue sow thistle

authors: Irish & Taylor

published_in: Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1766

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lactuca-canadensis

scientific: Lactuca canadensis

authorship: L.

epithet: canadensis

preferred: Canada lettuce

Cicerbita canadensis

authorship: (L.) Wallr.

Cicerbita elongata

authorship: (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wallr.

Galathenium elongatum

authorship: (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.

Galathenium integrifolium

authorship: Nutt.

Lactuca canadensis var. integrifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Farw.

Lactuca canadensis var. latifolia

authorship: Kuntze

Lactuca canadensis var. longifolia

authorship: (Michx.) Farw.

Lactuca canadensis var. obovata

authorship: Wiegand

Lactuca elongata

authorship: Muhl. ex Willd.

Lactuca elongata var. integrifolia

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Lactuca elongata var. longifolia

authorship: (Michx.) Torr. & A.Gray

Lactuca integrifolia

authorship: Bigelow

Lactuca longifolia

authorship: Michx.

Lactuca polyphylla

authorship: Rydb.

Lactuca sagittifolia

authorship: Elliott

Lactuca steelei

authorship: Britton

Mulgedium canadense

authorship: (L.) Farw.

Mulgedium integrifolium

authorship: Cass.

Wiestia canadensis

authorship: (L.) Sch.Bip.

Wiestia elongata

authorship: (Muhl. ex Willd.) Sch.Bip.

codes: ALA ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO YUK DOM HAI

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2033 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Ageniella accepta
Andrena helianthi
Andrena quintilis
Andrena salictaria
Anthocomus erichsoni
Apallates coxendix
Batizonus algidus
Ceratina dupla

partners:
Pieris rapae
Toxomerus marginatus
Zadontomerus
Acontia candefacta
Ageniella accepta
Andrena helianthi
Andrena quintilis
Andrena salictaria

partners:
Apis mellifera
Cingilia catenaria
Anthophora walshii
Autographa californica
Chytonix sensilis
Homalodisca vitripennis
Trichoplusia ni


slug: lactuca-floridana

scientific: Lactuca floridana

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

epithet: floridana

preferred: woodland lettuce

Agathyrsus acuminatus

authorship: (Willd.) Sweet

Agathyrsus floridanus

authorship: (L.) D.Don

authorship: (L.) Sweet

Cicerbita acuminata

authorship: (Willd.) Wallr.

Cicerbita floridana

authorship: (L.) Wallr.

Cicerbita villosa

authorship: (Jacq.) Beauverd

Galathenium floridanum

authorship: (L.) Nutt.

Lactuca acuminata

authorship: (Willd.) A.Gray

Lactuca floridana var. villosa

authorship: (Jacq.) Cronquist

Lactuca villosa

authorship: Jacq.

Mulgedium acuminatum

authorship: (Willd.) DC.

Mulgedium villosum

authorship: (Jacq.) Small

Sonchus acuminatus

authorship: Willd.

Sonchus floridanus

authorship: L.

codes: ALA ARK DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT PEN SCA SDA TEN TEX VRG WVA WIS

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1985 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: латук флоридский

partners:
Andrena helianthi
Andrena mandibularis
Andrena nuda
Andrena salictaria
Andrena spiraeana
Anoplodera pubera
Apallates coxendix
Arge humeralis

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Lasioglossum pectorale
Apis mellifera
Bombus auricomus
Ceratina dupla
Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus
Chlorophorus glaucus
Colletes americanus

partners:
Halictus poeyi
Jikradia olitoria
Zadontomerus


slug: lactuca-formosana

scientific: Lactuca formosana

authorship: Maxim.

epithet: formosana

published_in: in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 19: 525. 1874

Lactuca morii

authorship: Hayata

Lactuca sonchus

authorship: H.Lév. & Vaniot

Pterocypsela formosana

authorship: (Maxim.) C.Shih

Pterocypsela sonchus

authorship: (H.Lév. & Vaniot) C.Shih

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHI TAI

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 台湾翅果菊 滇羌活

value: herb

authors: Maxim.


slug: lactuca-graminifolia

scientific: Lactuca graminifolia

authorship: Michx.

epithet: graminifolia

preferred: grassleaf lettuce

Galathenium graminifolium

authorship: (Michx.) Nutt.

Lactuca graminifolia var. arizonica

authorship: McVaugh

Wiestia graminifolia

authorship: (Michx.) Sch.Bip.

codes: ALA ARI COL FLA GEO LOU MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MSI NWJ NWM NCA SCA TEX BAH GUA HAI

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

South Carolina

code: SCA

Texas

code: TEX

Bahamas

code: BAH

Guatemala

code: GUA

region: Central America

Haiti

code: HAI

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1001 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
grassleaf lettuce
grass-leaf lettuce

partners:
Halictus ligatus
Dianthidium floridiense

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by


slug: lactuca-hirsuta

scientific: Lactuca hirsuta

authorship: Muhl. ex Nutt.

epithet: hirsuta

preferred: hairy lettuce

Lactuca hirsuta var. albiflora

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Shinners

Lactuca villosa

authorship: Muhl. ex Torr. & A.Gray

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

codes: ALA ARK CNT WDC GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIC MSI MSO NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Prince Edward I.

code: PEI

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 239 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lactuca-indica

scientific: Lactuca indica

epithet: indica

preferred: Indian lettuce

Brachyramphus sinicus

authorship: Miq.

Chondrilla sonchifolia

authorship: Poir.

Chondrilla squarrosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Poir.

Lactuca amurensis

authorship: Regel

authorship: Regel & Maxim.

Lactuca bialata

authorship: Griff.

Lactuca brevirostris

authorship: Champ. ex Benth.

authorship: Champ.

name: Lactuca brevirostris var. foliisindivisis

authorship: Hemsl.

name: Lactuca brevirostris var. foliislaciniatis

Lactuca dracoglossa

authorship: Makino

Lactuca indica f. indivisa

authorship: (Maxim.) Hara

Lactuca indica f. runcinata

authorship: (Maxim.) Kitam.

Lactuca indica var. dentata

authorship: (Komar.) Chu

Lactuca indica var. dracoglossa

authorship: (Makino) Kitam.

Lactuca indica var. foliis

authorship: Ling

Lactuca indica var. foliisindivisis

authorship: (Hemsl.) Y.Ling

Lactuca indica var. indivisa

authorship: (Makino) Hatus.

Lactuca indica var. laciniata

authorship: (Houtt.) Hara

Lactuca jamaicensis

authorship: Griseb.

Lactuca laciniata

authorship: (Houtt.) Makino

Lactuca squarrosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Maxim.

authorship: (Thunb.) Miq.

Lactuca squarrosa var. dentata

authorship: Komar.

Lactuca squarrosa var. integrifolia

authorship: Kom.

Lactuca squarrosa var. laciniata

authorship: Kuntze

name: Lactuca squarrosa var. runcinato-pinnatifida

Leontodon acutissimus

authorship: Noronha

Prenanthes laciniata

authorship: Houtt.

Prenanthes longifolia

authorship: Jungh.

Prenanthes squarrosa

authorship: Thunb.

Pterocypsela indica

authorship: (L.) C.Shih

Pterocypsela indica var. dracoglossa

authorship: (Makino) K.Hammer

Pterocypsela indica var. laciniata

authorship: (Houtt.) H.C.Fu

Pterocypsela indivisa

authorship: (Makino) H.S.Pak

Pterocypsela laciniata

authorship: (Houtt.) C.Shih

Sonchus engleri

authorship: Muschl.

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CTA CHH CHI JAP KHA KOR CHM NNS PRM TAI CHT ASS CBD EHM JAW LAO PHI THA VIE

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

region: Siberia

Hainan

code: CHH

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Primorye

code: PRM

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1992 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Латук индийский

partners:
Apis mellifera
Eupeodes corollae
Pelopidas mathias
Epistrophe
Pipiza lugubris


slug: lactuca-inermis

scientific: Lactuca inermis

authorship: Forssk.

epithet: inermis

Lactuca abyssinica

authorship: Fresen.

Lactuca capensis var. duruensis

authorship: De Wild.

Lactuca capensis var. myriocephala

authorship: Dethier

Lactuca hochstetteri

authorship: (A.Rich.) Sch.Bip. ex Oliv. & Hiern

Lactuca hochstetteri var. humilis

authorship: (Sch.Bip.) Oliv. & Hiern

Lactuca holophylla

authorship: Baker

Lactuca inermis var. myriocephala

authorship: (Dethier) Lawalrée

Lactuca kenyaensis

authorship: Stebbins

Lactuca lebrunii

authorship: Robyns

Lactuca pallidicoerulea

authorship: Dinter

Lactuca yemensis

authorship: Deflers

Prenanthes chondrilloides

authorship: Vahl

codes: ANG BEN BKN BUR CMN CPP CAF CHA CON ZAI ERI SWZ ETH OFS GUI GGI IVO KEN NAT LES MDG MLI MOZ NAM TVL RWA SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM OMA SAU YEM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eritrea

code: ERI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Guinea

code: GUI

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 364 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Apis mellifera
Ceratina
Halictus
Paragus cf. paulyi (Kassebeer, 2000)
Patellapis
Pseudapis sp. 1
Vespidae

partners:
Apis mellifera
Ceratina
Halictus
Patellapis
Pseudapis
Vespidae


slug: lactuca-ludoviciana

scientific: Lactuca ludoviciana

authorship: (Nutt.) Riddell

epithet: ludoviciana

preferred: biannual lettuce

Galathenium ludovicianum

authorship: Nutt.

Lactuca campestris

authorship: Greene

Lactuca campestris var. typica

authorship: Wiegand

codes: ARI ARK BRC CAL COL IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAN MXE MIN MNT NEB NWM NDA OKL ORE SAS SDA TEX UTA WAS WIS WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Oregon

code: ORE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wisconsin

code: WIS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 452 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lactuca-macrophylla

scientific: Lactuca macrophylla

authorship: (Willd.) A.Gray

epithet: macrophylla

Agathyrsus cacaliifolius

authorship: (M.Bieb.) D.Don

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Sweet

Agathyrsus macrophyllus

authorship: (Willd.) Sweet

authorship: (Willd.) L.C.Beck

Cephalorrhynchus freyniana

authorship: Bornm.

Cicerbita acuminata

authorship: (Conrath & Freyn ex Freyn) Grossh.

Cicerbita cacaliifolia

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Grossh.

Cicerbita conrathiana

authorship: Beauverd

Cicerbita grandis

authorship: (K.Koch) Schchian

Cicerbita macrophylla

authorship: (Willd.) Wallr.

name: Cicerbita macrophylla subsp. macrophylla

Cicerbita macrophylla subsp. uralensis

authorship: (Rouy) P.D.Sell

Cicerbita madatapensis

authorship: Gagnidze

Cicerbita sevanensis

authorship: Kirp.

Cicerbita uralensis

authorship: (Rouy) Beauverd

Galathenium macrophyllum

authorship: (Willd.) Nutt.

Lactuca macrophylla subsp. uralensis

authorship: (Rouy) N.Kilian & Greuter

Lactuca madatapensis

authorship: (Gagnidze) N.Kilian & Greuter

Mulgedium acuminatum

authorship: Conrath & Freyn ex Freyn

Mulgedium cacaliifolium

authorship: (M.Bieb.) DC.

name: Mulgedium cacaliifolium var. cacaliifolium

Mulgedium cacaliifolium var. genuinum

authorship: Ledeb.

Mulgedium glabrum

authorship: (K.Koch) K.Koch

Mulgedium hispidum

authorship: (Ledeb.) DC.

Mulgedium lazicum

authorship: Boiss.

Mulgedium macrophyllum

authorship: (Willd.) DC.

Mulgedium macrophyllum var. glabrum

authorship: (K.Koch) Boiss.

Mulgedium macrophyllum var. hispidum

authorship: (Ledeb.) Korsh.

name: Mulgedium macrophyllum var. macrophyllum

Mulgedium uralense

authorship: Rouy

Prenanthes cacaliifolia

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Beauverd

Sonchus cordifolius

authorship: Desf.

Sonchus luxurians

authorship: Schrad. ex Steud.

Sonchus macrophyllus

authorship: Willd.

codes: IRN NCS TCS TUR RUC RUE

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Central European Russia

code: RUC

continent: EUROPE

region: Eastern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 881 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Common Blue-sow-Thistle
common blue sow thistle

names: Цицербита крупнолистная

names:
Grossblättriger Milchlattich
Großblättriger Milchlattich

names:
Cicerbite à grandes feuilles
Laitue de l'Oural

names:
Boylu marul
Kayıp marul

names:
Cycerbita wielkolistna
Modrzyk kaukaski

names: Parksallat tarhasinivalvatti

names: Kæmpe-Turt Kæmpe-salat

names: isosinivalvatti Tarhasinivalvatti

names: Կաթնափուղրի խոշորատեր


slug: lactuca-oblongifolia

scientific: Lactuca oblongifolia

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: oblongifolia

published_in: Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana: [unpaginated, no. 47]. 1813

Agathyrsus pulchellus

authorship: (Pursh) D.Don

Lactuca pulchella

authorship: (Pursh) DC.

Lactuca tatarica subsp. pulchella

authorship: (Pursh) Stebbins

Mulgedium oblongifolium

authorship: (Nutt.) Reveal

Mulgedium pulchellum

authorship: (Pursh) G.Don

Sonchus pulchellus

authorship: Pursh

codes: ASK ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA ILL INI IOW KAN LOU MAI MAN MXE MXN MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NEV NWM NWY NDA NWT OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE SAS SDA TEX UTA WAS WIS WYO

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

New York

code: NWY

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Ohio

code: OHI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1315 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lactuca-palmensis

scientific: Lactuca palmensis

authorship: Bolle

epithet: palmensis

published_in: in Bonplandia 7: 298. 1859

Cicerbita palmensis

authorship: (Bolle) Beauverd

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: blue

label: Flowering months

value: Jun-Oct

label: Fruit type

value: achene

authors: Bolle

published_in: Bonplandia 7: 298

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: lactuca-perennis

scientific: Lactuca perennis

authorship: L.

epithet: perennis

english:
Blue lettuce
Mountain Lettuce

Cyanoseris perennis

authorship: (L.) Schur

Lactuca cichoriifolia

authorship: DC.

Lactuca coerulea

authorship: Rchb.

Lactuca deggeleriana

authorship: Hegetschw.

Lactuca grosii

authorship: Pau & Font Quer

Lactuca perennis var. angustifolia

authorship: Wallr.

Lactuca perennis var. cichoriifolia

authorship: (DC.) Gren. & Godr.

Lactuca perennis var. integrifolia

authorship: Bisch.

Lactuca perennis var. sonchoides

authorship: (Lapeyr.) Rouy

Lactuca singularis

authorship: Wilmott

Lactuca sonchoides

authorship: Lapeyr.

Scorzonera caerulea

authorship: Saut. ex Rchb.

Sonchus cavanillesii

authorship: Caball.

Steptorhamphus singularis

authorship: (Wilmott) Fern.Casas

codes: ALB AUT BGM BUL CZE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA YUG ROM SPA SWI UKR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1981 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: DD

label: Data Deficient

names:
Blue lettuce
Mountain Lettuce

names:
Cardincha de roca
Chicoria resinera colorada

names: Латук многолетний

names:
Blauer Lattich
Dauer-Lattich

names:
Laitue Vivace
Chevrille

names:
Sałata trwała
Sałata wała

names: Пролетна салата

names:
Xicoira gran
Enciam silvestre

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens
Andrena polita

partners:
Oedemera atrata
Tenthredo koehleri
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Anthaxia hungarica
Exosoma lusitanicum
Mylabris quadripunctata
Scaeva pyrastri
Tropinota squalida

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Acyrthosiphon lactucae
Agrotis ipsilon
Agrotis puta
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Amata phegea
Amphipyra livida

type: hasHost


slug: lactuca-plumieri

scientific: Lactuca plumieri

authorship: (L.) Gren. & Godr.

epithet: plumieri

preferred: Hairless Blue-sow-thistle

Agathyrsus plumieri

authorship: (L.) Sweet

authorship: (L.) D.Don

Cicerbita orbelica

authorship: (Velen.) Hayek

Cicerbita plumieri

authorship: (L.) Kirschl.

Lactucopsis plumieri

authorship: (L.) Sch.Bip.

Mulgedium orbelicum

authorship: Velen.

Sonchus acanthifolius

authorship: Clairv.

Sonchus acanthoides

authorship: Steud.

Sonchus cichoraceus

authorship: Moench

codes: BUL FRA GER YUG SPA SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 407 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hairless Blue-sow-thistle
Hairless Blue-sowthistle

names:
Achicoria
Cerraja lechuguera

names: Цицербита Плюмье

names:
Französischer Milchlattich
Plumiers Milchlattich

names:
Cicerbite de Plumier
Laitue de Plumier

names: Крилатолистна цицербита

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Agapanthia villosoviridescens
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Carduelis carduelis
Carduelis citrinella

authors: Gren. & Godr.

published_in: Fl. France Corse 2: 322


slug: lactuca-quercina

scientific: Lactuca quercina

authorship: L.

epithet: quercina

Cicerbita corymbosa

authorship: Wallr.

Cicerbita quercina

authorship: (L.) Wallr.

Lactuca chaixii

authorship: Vill.

Lactuca chaixii var. laciniata

authorship: Cariot & St.-Lag.

Lactuca lipskyi

authorship: Krasch.

authorship: Grossh.

Lactuca quercina subsp. chaixii

authorship: (Vill.) Čelak.

Lactuca quercina subsp. genuina

authorship: Čelak.

Lactuca quercina subsp. sagittata

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Soó & Jáv.

Lactuca quercina subsp. stricta

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Hegi

Lactuca quercina subsp. typica

authorship: Beck

Lactuca quercina var. heterophylla

authorship: Soó

Lactuca quercina var. integrifolia

authorship: Bisch.

Lactuca sagittata

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

Lactuca sagittata var. macrodons

authorship: Schur

Lactuca stricta var. armena

authorship: Boiss.

Lactuca stricta var. heterophylla

authorship: Bogenh.

Lactuca vialea

authorship: Bellardi

Lactuca wilhelmsiana

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.

Lactuca wilhemsiana

authorship: Fisch & C.A.Mey. ex DC.

Lactucopsis altissima

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Vis. & Pančić

Lactucopsis chaixii

authorship: (Vill.) Vis. & Pančić

Lactucopsis quercina

authorship: (L.) Vis. & Pančić

Lactucopsis wilhemsiana

authorship: (DC.) Vis. & Pančić

Mulgedium quercinum

authorship: (L.) C.Jeffrey

codes: IRN NCS TCS TUR WHM ALB AUT BUL RUC CZE RUE FRA GER HUN ITA KRY YUG ROM RUS SWE UKR

Iran

code: IRN

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Himalaya

code: WHM

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Central European Russia

code: RUC

East European Russia

code: RUE

Krym

code: KRY

South European Russia

code: RUS

Sweden

code: SWE

region: Northern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 387 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Латук Шэ
Латук дубравный

names:
Laitue de Chaix
Laitue à feuilles de Chêne

names: Салат дуболистий

names:
Лэптучь де-думбравэ
Лэптучь сажитаць

names: Праволистна салата

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lactuca-racemosa

scientific: Lactuca racemosa

authorship: Willd.

epithet: racemosa

Cicerbita racemosa

authorship: (Willd.) Beauverd

Lactuca albana

authorship: (Steven) C.A.Mey.

Mulgedium albanum

authorship: (Steven) DC.

Mulgedium albanum var. glaberrimum

authorship: Trautv.

Mulgedium racemosum

authorship: (Willd.) Schischk.

Sonchus albanus

authorship: Steven

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 197 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Цицербита кистевидная

names: Կաթնափուղրի ողկույզանման

authors: Willd.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lactuca-raddeana

scientific: Lactuca raddeana

authorship: Maxim.

epithet: raddeana

published_in: in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 19: 526. 1874

Lactuca alliariifolia

authorship: H.Lév. & Vaniot

Lactuca aogashimaensis

authorship: Kitam.

Lactuca elata

authorship: Hemsl.

Lactuca raddeana var. aogashimensis

authorship: (Kitam.) Katsuy.

Lactuca raddeana var. compacta

authorship: Bar. & Skv.

Lactuca raddeana var. elata

authorship: (Hemsl.) Kitam.

Pterocypsela elata

authorship: (Kitam.) C.Shih

Pterocypsela raddeana

authorship: (Maxim.) C.Shih

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KHA KOR KUR CHM PRM SAK VIE

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Vietnam

code: VIE

region: Indo-China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 42 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 滇羌活 毛脉翅果菊

names: Chōsen-yama-nigana Yama-nigana

names: San-sseum-ba-gwi 산씀바귀

label: Woodiness

value: 2 m

value: biennial

value: Jun-Sep


slug: lactuca-saligna

scientific: Lactuca saligna

authorship: L.

epithet: saligna

preferred: Least lettuce

english:
Least lettuce
heart lettuce
willowleaf lettuce

Chondrilla crepoides

authorship: Lapeyr.

Lactuca adulteriana

authorship: Gren. & Godr.

Lactuca angustifolia

authorship: Gilib.

Lactuca salicifolia

authorship: Salisb.

Lactuca saligna var. ruppiana

authorship: Wallr.

Lactuca spiciformis

authorship: Dulac

Lactuca vanensis

authorship: Azn.

Lactuca viminea var. cracoviensis

authorship: Rouy

Lactuca virgata

authorship: Tausch

Lactuca virosa

authorship: Hablitz

Lactuca wallrothii

authorship: Spreng.

codes: ALG AZO EGY MOR TUN CYP EAI IRN IRQ LBS NCS PAL SAU SIN TCS TUR ALB AUT BAL BGM BUL RUC COR CZE RUE FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG NET POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Azores

code: AZO

Egypt

code: EGY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Sinai

code: SIN

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Baleares

code: BAL

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Corse

code: COR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

East European Russia

code: RUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1795 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Udhaidh
خس صفصافي

names: Латук солончаковый

names:
laitue à feuilles de saule
Laitue a feuilles de saule

names: Латук солончаковий

names: Лэптучь саличинь

names:
חַסָּה רָתְמִית
חסה רותמית

names: Соленолюбива салата

partners:
Trupanea amoena
Acyrthosiphon lactucae
Agrotis ipsilon
Agrotis puta
Amata phegea
Amphipyra livida
Antitype chi
Aphis fabae


slug: lactuca-sativa

scientific: Lactuca sativa

epithet: sativa

preferred: garden lettuce

Lactuca capitata

authorship: Garsault

Lactuca crispa

authorship: (L.) Roth

Lactuca dregeana

authorship: DC.

Lactuca laciniata

authorship: Roth

Lactuca palmata

authorship: Willd.

Lactuca sativa subsp. asparagina

authorship: (L.H.Bailey) Janch.

Lactuca sativa subsp. capitata

authorship: (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens

Lactuca sativa subsp. longifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Alef.

Lactuca sativa subsp. minii

authorship: Hadidi

Lactuca sativa subsp. romana

authorship: Spielm. ex Schübl. & G.Martens

Lactuca sativa subsp. secalina

authorship: Alef.

Lactuca sativa var. aurescens

authorship: Hegi

Lactuca sativa var. foliosa

authorship: Bremer

Lactuca sativa var. integrifolia

authorship: Stankov & Taliev

Lactuca sativa var. longifolia

authorship: Lam.

Lactuca sativa var. pseudoscariola

authorship: Schur

Lactuca scariola var. hortensis

authorship: Bisch.

Lactuca scariola var. laciniata

authorship: (Roth) Bisch.

Lactuca scariola var. sativa

authorship: Moris

authorship: (L.) Moris

codes: CPP OFS IRQ

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Free State

code: OFS

Iraq

code: IRQ

region: Western Asia

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 231 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Alpha-linolenic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Antihypertensive Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Antimenorrhagic Antimetastatic Antiprostatitic

Pufa

activities: AntiMS Antiacne Antieczemic Antipolyneuritic

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Mufa

activities: Allergenic Anemiagenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Cancer-Preventive Choleretic Dermatitigenic FLavor

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

Citric-acid

activities: Allergenic Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor Antiaphthic Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial Anticalculic Anticoagulant Antileishmanic

Phytosterols

activities: Antiprostatotic Hypocholesterolemic

Malic-acid

activities:
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial
Antifibromyalgic
Antioxidant Synergist
Antiseborrheic
Antiseptic
Antitubercular
Antitumor

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
garden lettuce
Lettuce

names: Cogollo Ensalada

names: 白苣 苦菜

names: Alface Ansião

names: Garten-Lattich Garten-Salat

names:
Chicorée des jardins
Laitue

names: Amarulla Insalata

names: Marul Salata

names:
Cây rau diêp
Rau diếp

names:
Sla
Echte sla

names:
Sałata rzymska
Sałata siewna

names: Huvudsallat Laktuk

names:
locika setá
Salát

names: Lehtisalaatti Ruokasalaatti

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena pellucens
Andrena polita
Andrena rhenana

partners:
Anthidiellum notatum
Ceratina sapphira
Lasioglossum
Microdon fuscipennis

partners:
Mamestra brassicae
Acyrthosiphon lactucae
Aulacorthum solani
Autographa gamma
Chromatomyia syngenesiae
Clepsis spectrana
Colladonus montanus montanus
Euplexia lucipara

partners:
Chrysocharis pubicornis
Encarsia brasiliensis
Filenchus exiguus
Golovinomyces cichoracearum
Halticoptera aeneus
Halticoptera patellana
Helicotylenchus dihystera
Neochrysocharis diastatae

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Cucumber mosaic virus
Lettuce mosaic virus
Beet yellows virus
Botrytis cinerea
Lettuce chlorosis virus
Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus
Pectobacterium carotovorum
Pythium tracheiphilum

key: succulence

label: Succulence


slug: lactuca-serriola

scientific: Lactuca serriola

authorship: L.

epithet: serriola

preferred: prickly lettuce

source: inat

Lactuca albicaulis

authorship: Boiss.

Lactuca altaica

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

authorship: Fisch. & Mey.

Lactuca augustana

authorship: All.

Lactuca dubia

authorship: Jord.

Lactuca elata

authorship: Salisb.

Lactuca integrata

authorship: (Gren. & Godr.) A.Nelson

Lactuca kemaliya

authorship: Yıld.

Lactuca latifolia

authorship: Gilib.

Lactuca sativa var. angustana

authorship: Irish ex Bremer

Lactuca scariola subsp. augustana

authorship: (All.) Arcang.

Lactuca scariola subsp. integrata

authorship: (Gren. & Godr.) Piper

Lactuca scariola unranked sylvestris

authorship: (Lam.) Bisch.

Lactuca scariola var. augustana

authorship: (All.) Lindem.

Lactuca scariola var. dubia

authorship: (Jord.) Rouy

Lactuca scariola var. integrata

authorship: Gren. & Godr.

Lactuca scariola var. integrifolia

authorship: Bogenh.

Lactuca serriola f. integrifolia

authorship: (Gray) S.D.Prince & R.N.Carter

Lactuca serriola subsp. integrifolia

authorship: (Gray) G.H.Loos

Lactuca serriola var. integrata

authorship: (Gren. & Godr.) Beger

Lactuca verticalis

authorship: Gaterau

Lactuca virosa

authorship: Thunb.

Lactuca virosa var. integrifolia

authorship: Gray

codes: ALG AZO CNY EGY ERI ETH LBY MDR MOR SOM SUD TUN AFG ALT CYP EAI CHI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS MON NCS PAL SAU SIN TZK TCS TKM TVA TUR UZB WSB CHX YEM PAK WHM ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Azores

code: AZO

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Morocco

code: MOR

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2046 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

Stearic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Cosmetic FLavor Hypocholesterolemic Lubricant Perfumery Propecic Suppository

Hyoscyamine

activities:
Analgesic
Anticholinergic
Antidote (Anticholinesterase)
Antiemetic
Antiherpetic
Antimeasles
Antimuscarinic
Antineuralgic

Alpha-tocopherol

activities: Antialzheimeran Antianginal Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Antiatherosclerotic Anticancer Anticataract Anticonvulsant

Inulin

activities:
Alcohol-Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor
Anticolitic?
Antidiabetic
Antidiarrheic
Antiobesity?
Antiosteoporotic?
Bifidogenic
Chemopreventive (Breast Cancer)

Mannitol

activities: Allergenic Analgesic Anthelmintic AntiReye's Antiglaucomic Antiinflammatory Antimutagenic Antinephritic

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

partners:
Episyrphus balteatus
Halictus scabiosae
Lasioglossum nigripes
Lasioglossum nitidiusculum
Lasioglossum subhirtum
Paragus haemorrhous
Sphaerophoria scripta
Syritta pipiens

partners:
Delia
Dialictus
Pieris rapae
Bombus pensylvanicus
Dianthidium curvatum
Eupeodes luniger
Eupeodes volucris
Lasioglossum smeathmanellum

partners:
Chrysopa coloradensis
Coccinella septempunctata
Fazia micrura
Ferdinandea croesus
Golovinomyces bolayi
Hecatera dysodea
Hippodamia caseyi
Hylaeus leptocephalus

partners:
Acyrthosiphon lactucae
Campiglossa misella
Ensina sonchi
Hecatera dysodea
Paraulacizes irrorata
Perdix perdix
Trupanea amoena
Zonotrichia leucophrys

partners:
Acyrthosiphon lactucae
Anagyrus matritensis
Bremia lactucae
Cheiloneurus kollari
Cheiloneurus paralia
Chrysocharis chromatomyiae
Encarsia brasiliensis
Encarsia dichroa

partners:
Endive necrotic mosaic virus
Golovinomyces bolayi

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: lactuca-sibirica

scientific: Lactuca sibirica

authorship: (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Maxim.

epithet: sibirica

published_in: in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 19: 528. 1874

Agathyrsus sibiricus

authorship: (L.) D.Don

authorship: (L.) Sweet

Lactuca sibirica var. dentata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Serg.

Lagedium sibiricum

authorship: (L.) Soják

Mulgedium kamtschaticum

authorship: Ledeb.

Mulgedium sibiricum

authorship: (L.) Less.

Mulgedium sibiricum var. dentatum

authorship: (Ledeb.) Ledeb.

Sonchus sibiricus

authorship: L.

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CTA CHI IRK JAP KAM KAZ KHA KOR KRA KUR MAG CHM MON PRM CHQ SAK TVA WSB CHX YAK BLT BLR RUC RUE FIN RUN RUW NOR SWE UKR

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Japan

code: JAP

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Magadan

code: MAG

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Primorye

code: PRM

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1997 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lactuca-tatarica

scientific: Lactuca tatarica

authorship: (L.) C.A.Mey.

epithet: tatarica

published_in: Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer.: 56. 1831

preferred: blue lettuce

Cicerbita tatarica

authorship: (L.) Sosn.

Lactuca kochiana

authorship: Beauverd

Lactuca multipes

authorship: H.Lév. & Vaniot

Lactuca salicifolia

authorship: (K.Koch) Grossh.

Lactuca tatarica var. heterophylla

authorship: (Nutt.) B.Boivin

Lactuca tatarica var. integra

authorship: (Regel) V.Ferakova

Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella

authorship: (Pursh) Breitung

Mulgedium heterophyllum

authorship: Nutt.

Mulgedium pulchellum

authorship: (Pursh) Nutt.

Mulgedium roborovskii

authorship: Tzvelev

Mulgedium runcinatum

authorship: Cass.

Mulgedium tataricum var. anomalum

authorship: Korsh.

Mulgedium tataricum var. floccosum

authorship: Regel

Sonchus lactucoides

authorship: Bunge

Sonchus sibiricus

authorship: Richardson

Sonchus volhynicus

authorship: Besser ex Nyman

Wiestia tatarica

authorship: (L.) Sch.Bip.

codes: AFG ALT BRY CHN CHS CHI IRN IRK KAZ KGZ KRA CHM MON NCS CHQ TZK CHT TCS TKM TVA TUR UZB WSB CHX PAK WHM BLT BUL RUC RUE KRY RUN RUW ROM RUS TUE UKR

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Tibet

code: CHT

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Латук татарский

names: Латук татарський

names: Лэптучь тэтэрешть

names: Татарска салата

partners:
Bombus centralis
Colias eurytheme
Sphaerophoria
Andrena runcinatae
Anthophora terminalis
Apis mellifera
Ashmeadiella bucconis
Bombus bifarius

published_in: Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. (C.A. von Meyer). 56


slug: lactuca-tenerrima

scientific: Lactuca tenerrima

authorship: Pourr.

epithet: tenerrima

published_in: in Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 321. 1788

Cicerbita tenerrima

authorship: (Pourr.) Beauverd

Cicerbita tenerrima var. albiflora

authorship: (Emb.) Maire

Cicerbita tenerrima var. glabra

authorship: Boiss.

Cicerbita tenerrima var. micrantha

authorship: Maire

Lactuca segusiana

authorship: Balb.

Lactuca tenerrima var. albiflora

authorship: Emb.

Wiestia tenerrima

authorship: (Pourr.) Sch.Bip.

codes: MOR BAL FRA SPA

Morocco

code: MOR

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

France

code: FRA

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 134 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Laitue délicate
Laitue très tendre, Laitue délicate

label: Life form

value: chamaephyte

authors: Pourr.


slug: lactuca-triangulata

scientific: Lactuca triangulata

authorship: Maxim.

epithet: triangulata

published_in: in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 177. 1859

Lactuca triangulata var. sachalinensis

authorship: Kitam.

Pterocypsela triangulata

authorship: (Maxim.) C.Shih

codes: AMU CHN CHI JAP KHA KOR CHM PRM VIE

Amur

code: AMU

China North-Central

code: CHN

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 滇羌活 翼柄山莴苣

names: Латук треугольный

names: Miyama-akino-nogeshi ミヤマアキノノゲシ

names: du-me-go-deul-ppae-gi 두메고들빼기

label: Growth habit

label: Height

label: Life cycle

value: Jul-Aug

published_in: Prim. Fl. Amur. 177