slug: sphinctanthus-microphyllus

scientific: Sphinctanthus microphyllus

genus: Sphinctanthus

epithet: microphyllus

family: Rubiaceae

Sphinctanthus hasslerianus

authorship: Chodat

codes: BOL BZC PAR

Bolivia

code: BOL

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Western South America

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

region: Brazil

Paraguay

code: PAR

region: Southern South America

lifeform: shrub or tree

value: tree

value: nanophanerophyte

value: 4 m

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sphyrospermum-buxifolium

scientific: Sphyrospermum buxifolium

authorship: Poepp. & Endl.

genus: Sphyrospermum

epithet: buxifolium

family: Ericaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Sophoclesia cordifolia var. oophylla

authorship: Kuntze

Sophoclesia nummulariifolia

authorship: Klotzsch

Vaccinium pachycardium

authorship: Standl.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN CLM COS ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Brazil North

code: BZN

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

region: Caribbean

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: hemiepiphytic subshrub or shrub

climate: wet tropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 125 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: shrub

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: vine

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: sphyrospermum-dissimile

scientific: Sphyrospermum dissimile

authorship: (S.F.Blake) J.L.Luteyn

epithet: dissimile

Disterigma dissimile

authorship: (S.F.Blake) S.F.Blake

codes: CLM COS ECU PAN PER

lifeform: epiphytic shrub

value: woody

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: (S.F.Blake) Luteyn

published_in: Opera Bot. 92: 126

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: per photograph

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

field: phenology

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: spicantopsis-hancockii

scientific: Spicantopsis hancockii

authorship: (Hance) Masam.

genus: Spicantopsis

epithet: hancockii

family: Blechnaceae

published_in: Short Fl. Formosa 29 (1936)

Blechnum hancockii

authorship: Hance

Lomaria hancockii

authorship: (Hance) Baker

Spicanta hancockii

authorship: (Hance) Kuntze

Spicantopsis niponica var. hancockii

authorship: (Hance) Nakai

Struthiopteris hancockii

authorship: (Hance) Tagawa

Taiwan

code: TAI

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Eastern Asia

lifeform: perennial or lithophyte

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 118 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Hance) Masam.

published_in: Short Fl. Formosa 29

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: spicantopsis-niponica

scientific: Spicantopsis niponica

authorship: Nakai

epithet: niponica

Blechnum niponicum var. minimum

authorship: (Tagawa) Nakaike

Blechnum nipponicum

authorship: (Kunze) Makino

Blechnum spicant subsp. niponicum

authorship: (Kunze) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Lomaria apodophylla

authorship: Baker

Lomaria nipponica

authorship: Kunze

Spicanta niponica

authorship: (Kunze) Hayata

Spicantopsis niponica var. minima

authorship: Tagawa

Struthiopteris niponica

authorship: (Kunze) Nakai

Struthiopteris niponica var. minima

authorship: (Tagawa) Masam.

codes: JAP KUR NNS

Japan

code: JAP

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

region: Russian Far East

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 201 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: シシガシラ サカバシシガシラ

authors: (Kunze) Nakai

published_in: Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 47: 181


slug: spiculaea-ciliata

scientific: Spiculaea ciliata

authorship: Lindl.

genus: Spiculaea

epithet: ciliata

family: Orchidaceae

published_in: Sketch Veg. Swan R. : 56 (1840)

preferred: Elbow orchid

source: wikidata

Drakaea ciliata

authorship: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

Western Australia

code: WAU

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 142 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

value: non-woody

label: Life form

value: geophyte

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Sketch Veg. Swan R. 56 (1839)

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spigelia-alabamensis

scientific: Spigelia alabamensis

authorship: (K.Gould) K.G.Mathews & Weakley

genus: Spigelia

epithet: alabamensis

family: Loganiaceae

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas  5: 444 (2011)

preferred: purpleflower pinkroot

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 141 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
purpleflower pinkroot
Alabama Indian Pink

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Battus philenor
Bombus
Bombylius
Coleoptera
Hymenoptera
Lepidoptera

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

authors: (K.Gould) K.G.Mathews & Weakley

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5(2): 444

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spigelia-anthelmia

scientific: Spigelia anthelmia

authorship: L.

epithet: anthelmia

preferred: West Indian pinkroot

Spigelia anthelmia var. nervosa

authorship: (Steud.) Progel

Spigelia domingensis

authorship: Gand.

Spigelia fruticulosa

authorship: Lam.

Spigelia nervosa

authorship: Steud.

Spigelia oppositifolia

authorship: Stokes

Spigelia stipularis

authorship: Progel

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: FLA MXG MXE MXT MXS ARU BAH BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PER PUE SWC SUR TRT TCI VEN VNA WIN

Florida

code: FLA

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Aruba

code: ARU

Bahamas

code: BAH

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 776 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: വിരയിളക്കിച്ചെടി


slug: spigelia-genuflexa

scientific: Spigelia genuflexa

authorship: Popovkin & Struwe

epithet: genuflexa

climate: seasonally dry tropical

authors: Popovkin & Struwe


slug: spigelia-hedyotidea

scientific: Spigelia hedyotidea

epithet: hedyotidea

preferred: prairie pinkroot

Coelostylis lindheimeri

authorship: (A.Gray) Small

Spigelia coulteriana

authorship: Benth.

Spigelia nana

authorship: Alain

codes: ARK MXE MXN TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 195 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

published_in: Prodr. 9: 7


slug: spigelia-humboldtiana

scientific: Spigelia humboldtiana

authorship: Cham. & Schltdl.

epithet: humboldtiana

Spigelia breviflora

authorship: (Chodat & Hassl.) H.Hurley ex Fern.Casas

Spigelia chamaedryoides

authorship: Kraenzl.

Spigelia guaranitica

authorship: Chodat & Hassl.

Spigelia hassleriana

authorship: Chodat

Spigelia intermedia

authorship: Arechav.

Spigelia quaternata

authorship: Eastw.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS AGE AGW BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS ECU ELS GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PAR PER URU VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Paraguay

code: PAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 168 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spigelia-marilandica

scientific: Spigelia marilandica

epithet: marilandica

preferred: woodland pinkroot

source: inat

Lonicera marilandica

authorship: L.

Spigelia lonicera

authorship: Mill.

Spigelia marilandica f. eburnea

authorship: Van Horn & J.R.Freeman

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MSI MSO NCA OKL SCA TEN TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2024 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

Lignin

activities: AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticoronary Antidiarrheic Antinitrosaminic Antioxidant Antitumor

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
woodland pinkroot
Indian-pink

names: Спигелия мариландская

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Trochilidae

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Danaus plexippus
Polistes dominula
Trochilidae

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: spigelia-pulchella

scientific: Spigelia pulchella

authorship: Mart.

epithet: pulchella

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Chlorostilbon lucidus
Phaethornis pretrei

authors: Mart.

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spigelia-scabrella

scientific: Spigelia scabrella

epithet: scabrella

Spigelia pauciflora

authorship: M.Martens & Galeotti

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

codes: MXC MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 94 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Benth.

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 45


slug: spigelia-sellowiana

scientific: Spigelia sellowiana

epithet: sellowiana

Spigelia selloi

authorship: Spreng.

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

authors: Cham. & Schltdl.


slug: spigelia-splendens

scientific: Spigelia splendens

authorship: Hook.

epithet: splendens

Spigelia platyphylla

authorship: Progel

codes: MXE MXT MXS COS ELS GUA HON NIC

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Colmillo de puerco
Cresta de gallo

authors: Hort.Wendl. ex Hook.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spigelia-texana

scientific: Spigelia texana

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) A.DC.

epithet: texana

preferred: Texas pinkroot

Coelostylis texana

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

codes: MXE TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 85 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Torr. & A.Gray) A.DC.

published_in: Prodr. 9: 5

reason: Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spilanthes-leiocarpa

scientific: Spilanthes leiocarpa

authorship: DC.

genus: Spilanthes

epithet: leiocarpa

family: Asteraceae

Spilanthes macraei

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

codes: CLN ECU PER

Chile North

code: CLN

Ecuador

code: ECU

Peru

code: PER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 248 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Apis mellifera
Exomalopsis
Melanis leucophlegma

authors: DC.

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spilanthes-urens

scientific: Spilanthes urens

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: urens

preferred: pigeoncoop

Bidens angustifolia

authorship: Lam.

Ceratocephalus bicolor

authorship: Kuntze

Spilanthes bicolor

authorship: Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.

Spilanthes repens

authorship: Spreng. ex DC.

codes: MXN MXS BZN BZE BZC CAY CLM COS CUB DOM HAI JAM NLA PAN TRT VEN WIN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

Colombia

code: CLM

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Jamaica

code: JAM

Netherlands Antilles

code: NLA

Panamá

code: PAN

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 121 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Cabeça-de-velho Pirrichio-do-mato

partners:
Agraulis vanillae
Anartia jatrophae
Apis mellifera
Battus polydamas
Callicista columella
Danaus gilippus
Dielis dorsata
Eristalis vinatorum

partners:
Agraulis vanillae
Anartia jatrophae
Apis mellifera
Battus polydamas
Callicista columella
Danaus gilippus
Dielis dorsata
Eurema

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens


slug: spinacia-oleracea

scientific: Spinacia oleracea

authorship: L.

genus: Spinacia

epithet: oleracea

family: Chenopodiaceae

preferred: spinach

Chenopodium oleraceum

authorship: (L.) E.H.L.Krause

Spinacia glabra

authorship: Mill.

Spinacia inermis

authorship: Moench

codes: AFG IRN KAZ KGZ TZK TKM UZB PAK

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Iran

code: IRN

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Pakistan

code: PAK

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

lifeform: annual or biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 76 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Alpha-linolenic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Antihypertensive Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Antimenorrhagic Antimetastatic Antiprostatitic

Saponins

activities:
Antihepatomic
Antimutagenic
Antitumor (Lung)
Antitumor (Ovary)
Immunomodulator

Oxalic-acid

activities: Acaricide Antiseptic CNS-Paralytic Fatal Hemostatic Irritant Pesticide Renotoxic

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Glutathione

activities:
ACE-Inhibitor
Anticytotoxic
Antidote (Heavy Metals)
Antieczemic
Antihepatitic
Antioxidant
Cancer-Preventive

Malic-acid

activities:
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial
Antifibromyalgic
Antioxidant Synergist
Antiseborrheic
Antiseptic
Antitubercular
Antitumor

Citric-acid

activities: Allergenic Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor Antiaphthic Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial Anticalculic Anticoagulant Antileishmanic

Quercitrin

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiarrhythmic Antibacterial Anticataract Antiedemic Antifeedant Antiflu

names:
spinach
Spinach [plant]

names: 菠菜 菠菜子

names: إِسفاناخ سبانخ

names: espinafre espinafre-japonês

names: Шпинат огородный

names: ホウレンソウ horenso

names:
Echter Spinat
Gemuese-Spinat

names: Epinard Épinard

names:
Spinacio comune
spinacio

names: sigeumchi 시금치

names:
Szpinak
Szpinak warzywny

partners:
Amrasca biguttula
Austroagallia nitobei
Austroagallia sinuata
Autographa gamma
Hebata mardanensis
Hebata masoodi
Hyphantria cunea
Melanchra persicariae

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

partners:
Pediobius metallicus
Trichogramma cacaeciae

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Beet curly top virus
Beet mosaic virus
Cucumber mosaic virus
Spinach severe curly top virus
Tobacco rattle virus
Verticillium dahliae
Aecidium capsicum Jacz.)
Alternaria alternata

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

value: therophyte

label: Growth form

value: Multiple Stem

value: annual


slug: spinifex-hirsutus

scientific: Spinifex hirsutus

authorship: Labill.

genus: Spinifex

epithet: hirsutus

family: Poaceae

preferred: hairy spinifex

Spinifex inermis

authorship: Banks & Sol. ex Hook.f.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: NSW QLD SOA VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 162 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
hairy spinifex
Beach Grass

value: graminoid

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Labill.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spinifex-littoreus

scientific: Spinifex littoreus

authorship: (Burm.f.) Merr.

epithet: littoreus

Spinifex dioicus

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn

Spinifex elegans

authorship: Buse

codes: CHS CHH JAP NNS TAI AND BAN CBD IND JAW LDV LSI MLY MDV MOL MYA NWG NCB PHI SCS SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WAU

China Southeast

code: CHS

region: China

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Laccadive Is.

code: LDV

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maldives

code: MDV

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

South China Sea

code: SCS

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 675 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Спинифекс прибрежный

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 25 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spinifex-longifolius

scientific: Spinifex longifolius

epithet: longifolius

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 198 (1810)

Spinifex littoreus var. longifolius

authorship: (R.Br.) Backer

codes: JAW LSI MOL NWG SUL THA NTA QLD SOA WAU

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 371 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names: Спинифекс длиннолистный

value: 5 m

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 198

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: spinifex-sericeus

scientific: Spinifex sericeus

epithet: sericeus

codes: NSW NZN NZS NFK QLD SOA TAS VIC WAU NWC TON

New South Wales

code: NSW

New Zealand North

code: NZN

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

Norfolk Is.

code: NFK

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

New Caledonia

code: NWC

continent: PACIFIC

region: Southwestern Pacific

Tonga

code: TON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2008 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Спинифекс шелковистый

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Cacatua sanguinea
Leporidae

value: hemicryptophyte

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: spinulum-annotinum

scientific: Spinulum annotinum

authorship: (L.) A.Haines

genus: Spinulum

epithet: annotinum

family: Lycopodiaceae

published_in: Fam. Huperziac. Lycopodiac. New England 86. 2003 [Feb 2003]

preferred: interrupted clubmoss

english:
interrupted clubmoss
stiff clubmoss

Lepidotis annotina

authorship: (L.) P.Beauv.

Lycopodium alpestre

authorship: (Hartm.) Shmakov & D.Tichonov

Lycopodium alticola

authorship: Ching

Lycopodium annotinum f. angustatum

authorship: (Takeda) Satou

Lycopodium annotinum f. brevifolium

authorship: Christ

Lycopodium annotinum f. groenlandicum

authorship: Nessel

Lycopodium annotinum f. proliferum

authorship: Lepage

Lycopodium annotinum f. pungens

authorship: (Desv. ex Spring) Porsild

Lycopodium annotinum subsp. alpestre

authorship: (Hartm.) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Lycopodium annotinum subsp. dubium

authorship: (Zoëga) Kallio, Laine & Y.Mäkinen

Lycopodium annotinum subsp. pungens

authorship: Hultén

Lycopodium annotinum var. acrifolium

authorship: Fernald

Lycopodium annotinum var. alpestre

authorship: Hartm.

Lycopodium annotinum var. angustatum

authorship: Takeda

Lycopodium annotinum var. pungens

authorship: Desv.

authorship: Desv. ex Spring

Lycopodium annotinum var. subpungens

authorship: Macoun ex Nessel

Lycopodium canadense

authorship: Romhild ex Nessel

Lycopodium dubium

authorship: Zoëga

Lycopodium neopungens

authorship: H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang

Lycopodium pungens

authorship: (Desv. ex Spring) La Pylaie ex Iljin

Spinulum canadense

authorship: (Nessel) A.Haines

Spinulum subarcticum

authorship: (V.N.Vassil.) A.Haines

Spinulum zonatum

authorship: (Ching) Mazumdar

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CHC CTA IRK KAM KAZ KHA KRA KUR MAG CHM PRM SAK CHT TVA TUR WSB YAK EHM MYA NEP WHM AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA FOR GER GRB HUN ICE ITA YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL ROM SPA SWE SWI UKR ASK ABT ARI BRC COL CNT GNL IDA KTY LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MNT NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NFL NCA NWT NSC NUN ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SDA TEN UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO YUK

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Magadan

code: MAG

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Tibet

code: CHT

Tuva

code: TVA

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1962 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Interrupted Club-moss
Interrupted Clubmoss

names:
Плаун годичный
Плаун колючий

names:
Lycopode à rameaux annuels
Lycopode à rameaux d'un an

names: Плаун річний


slug: spiraea-alba

scientific: Spiraea alba

authorship: Du Roi

genus: Spiraea

epithet: alba

family: Rosaceae

preferred: white meadowsweet

Eleiosina obovata

authorship: Raf.

Spiraea alba f. paniculata

authorship: (Aiton) C.K.Schneid.

Spiraea alba prol. latifolia

authorship: (Aiton) Asch. & Graebn.

Spiraea alba unranked densifolia

authorship: Zabel

Spiraea alba var. septentrionalis

authorship: (Fernald) F.Seym.

Spiraea cuneifolia

authorship: Borkh.

Spiraea lancifolia

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex K.Koch

Spiraea latifolia

authorship: (Aiton) Borkh.

Spiraea paniculata

authorship: (Aiton) G.Don

Spiraea salicifolia var. latifolia

authorship: Aiton

Spiraea salicifolia var. linearis

authorship: Wenz.

Spiraea septentrionalis

authorship: (Fernald) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Spiraea tomentosa var. alba

authorship: Marshall

codes: ABT CNT DEL ILL INI IOW KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NDA NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SDA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

North Carolina

code: NCA

North Dakota

code: NDA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2004 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Weißer Spierstrauch
Weisser Spierstrauch

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus ternarius
Bombus terricola
Bombus affinis
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus flavidus
Bombus impatiens
Bombus perplexus

partners:
Anacrabro ocellatus
Ancistrocerus
Ancistrocerus adiabatus
Ancistrocerus capra
Andrena crataegi
Aphilanthops frigidus
Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus
Bombus impatiens

partners:
Bombus perplexus
Bombus ternarius
Epistrophe grossulariae
Neptis rivularis
Polistes dominula
Acleris laterana
Acronicta noctivaga
Anacrabro ocellatus


slug: spiraea-alpina

scientific: Spiraea alpina

authorship: Pall.

epithet: alpina

Spiraea alpina var. altaica

authorship: O.Fedtsch. & B.Fedtsch.

authorship: Maxim.

Spiraea fangii

authorship: H.Y.Hu & X.J.He

Spiraea oblongifolia

authorship: Regel ex Maxim.

Spiraea raizadae

authorship: Panigrahi & K.M.Purohit

Spiraea tibetica

authorship: T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu

Spiraea ulicina

authorship: Prain

codes: ALT BRY CHN CHC CHS CTA IRK KAZ KRA MON CHQ CHT TVA CHX EHM WHM

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Tibet

code: CHT

Tuva

code: TVA

Xinjiang

code: CHX

East Himalaya

code: EHM

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: shrub

climate: subalpine or subarctic

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
高山绣线菊
gao shan xiu xian ju

source: GIFT

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Jun-Jul


slug: spiraea-betulifolia

scientific: Spiraea betulifolia

epithet: betulifolia

preferred: white spirea

Spiraea aemiliana var. subcordata

authorship: Toyok.

Spiraea betulifolia f. angustifolia

authorship: Debeaux

Spiraea betulifolia f. glabra

authorship: (H.Hara) Ohwi

Spiraea betulifolia f. glaucina

authorship: Kitam.

Spiraea betulifolia f. grandifolia

authorship: (Nakai ex H.Hara) Toyok.

Spiraea betulifolia f. subcordata

authorship: (Toyok.) Honda

Spiraea betulifolia f. yoshitakae

authorship: (Toyok.) Toyok.

Spiraea betulifolia subsp. aemiliana

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) H.Hara

name: Spiraea betulifolia unranked floreochroleuco

Spiraea betulifolia var. concolor

authorship: Nakai

authorship: Nakai ex H.Hara

Spiraea betulifolia var. glabra

authorship: Trautv. & C.A.Mey.

authorship: (H.Hara) H.Hara

Spiraea betulifolia var. grandifolia

authorship: Tatew.

Spiraea betulifolia var. nanella

authorship: Kom.

Spiraea betulifolia var. ochroleuca

authorship: Zabel

Spiraea ceanothifolia

authorship: Hornem.

Spiraea densiflora

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

codes: AMU JAP KAM KHA KOR KUR MAG PRM SAK YAK

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Magadan

code: MAG

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Yakutiya

code: YAK

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
white spirea
Birch-leaved Meadowsweet

names: 桦叶绣线菊 樺葉繡線菊

names:
Спирея березолистная
Спирея берёзолистная

partners:
Andrena amphibola
Andrena knuthiana
Andrena miranda
Andrena sp.
Andrena thaspii
Andrena vierecki
Bombus appositus
Bombus bifarius

partners:
Albuna pyramidalis
Andrena milwaukeensis
Andrena thaspii
Hoplitis fulgida fulgida
Hylaeus annulatus
Hylaeus basalis
Hylaeus episcopalis
Lasioglossum marinense

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus

partners:
Canachites canadensis
Hyalophora cecropia

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiraea-blumei

scientific: Spiraea blumei

epithet: blumei

Spiraea amabilis

authorship: Koidz.

Spiraea blumei f. amabilis

authorship: (Koidz.) Sugim.

authorship: (Koidz.) Kitam.

Spiraea blumei f. obtusa

authorship: (Nakai) Kit.

Spiraea blumei f. pseudocrenata

authorship: (Nakai) M.Kim

Spiraea blumei var. pseudocrenata

authorship: (Nakai) H.S.Kim

Spiraea miyajimensis

authorship: Makino & Nemoto

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KOR CHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Manchuria

code: CHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 珍珠绣球 绣球绣线菊

names: Спирея Блюме

partners:
Anthrenus verbasci
Andrena
Andrena limata
Apis mellifera
Cetonia aurata
Cletus rusticus
Colias croceus
Eristalis tenax

partners:
Andrena
Andrena limata
Anthrenus verbasci
Apis mellifera
Cetonia aurata
Colias croceus
Eristalis tenax
Graphosoma lineatum

value: 2 m

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

published_in: Gen. Hist. 2: 518


slug: spiraea-cana

scientific: Spiraea cana

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

epithet: cana

published_in: Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung.  3: 252 (1812)

Spiraea cana var. mollis

authorship: Beck

Spiraea media subsp. cana

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Novák

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

iucn_category: DD

label: Data Deficient

names:
Grey meadowsweet
Snow Spiraea

names: Таволга беловато-серая

authors: Waldst. & Kit.

published_in: Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 3: 252, t. 227

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: spiraea-chamaedryfolia

scientific: Spiraea chamaedryfolia

authorship: L.

epithet: chamaedryfolia

preferred: Germander meadowsweet

source: wikidata

Spiraea banatica

authorship: Janka

authorship: Janka ex Just

Spiraea belgica

authorship: Dumort.

Spiraea chamaedrifolia

authorship: Pall.

Spiraea chamaedrifolia var. vulgaris

authorship: Cambess.

Spiraea chamaedryfolia subsp. flexuosa

authorship: (Fisch. ex Cambess.) Nedol.

Spiraea chamaedryfolia subsp. ulmifolia

authorship: (Scop.) J.Duvign.

name: Spiraea chamaedryfolia subsp. ussuriensis

authorship: (Pojark.) Nedol.

name: Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. crataegifolia

Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. flexuosa

authorship: (Fisch. ex Cambess.) Maxim.

Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. pilosa

authorship: (Nakai) H.Hara

Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. subracemosa

authorship: Ser.

Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. typica

authorship: Fiori

Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. ulmifolia

authorship: (Scop.) Maxim.

Spiraea flexuosa

authorship: Fisch. ex Cambess.

Spiraea flexuosa var. latifolia

authorship: Fisch. ex Maxim.

Spiraea flexuosa var. stenophylla

authorship: (Zabel) C.K.Schneid.

Spiraea incisa

authorship: Rchb.

Spiraea oblongata

authorship: Wender.

Spiraea prostrata

authorship: Schur

Spiraea ulmifolia

authorship: Scop.

Spiraea ulmifolia f. suborbicularis

authorship: Nyár.

Spiraea ulmifolia subsp. banatica

authorship: (Janka) Nyman

Spiraea ulmifolia var. leiocarpa

authorship: Borbás

Spiraea ulmifolia var. parvifolia

authorship: Lavallée

Spiraea ulmifolia var. pilosa

authorship: Nakai

Spiraea ussuriensis

authorship: Pojark.

Spiraea versifolia

authorship: Raf.

Spiraea yazawai

authorship: Makino

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CHI IRK JAP KAZ KHA KGZ KOR KRA CHM MON PRM TVA UZB WSB CHX YAK AUT BUL GRC YUG ROM

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

Tuva

code: TVA

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 494 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Germander meadowsweet
Elm-Leaved Spiraea

names: 石蚕叶绣线菊 乌苏里绣线菊

names:
Spiree a feuilles d'orme
Spirée à feuilles de petit chêne

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Anthrenus verbasci
Bombus cryptarum
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus
Hylaeus angustatus
Hylaeus annulatus

partners:
Biston betularia
Neptis rivularis
Acanthis flammea
Acasis viretata
Acleris laterana
Acleris lipsiana
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca


slug: spiraea-corymbosa

scientific: Spiraea corymbosa

epithet: corymbosa

published_in: Précis Découv. Somiol. : 36 (1814)

preferred: shinyleaf meadowsweet

source: usda

Spiraea betulifolia subsp. corymbosa

authorship: (Raf.) R.L.Taylor & MacBryde

Spiraea betulifolia var. corymbosa

authorship: (Raf.) Maxim.

Spiraea corymbosa

authorship: Muhl.

Spiraea sororia

authorship: Penny ex G.Don

codes: GEO MRY MAS NWJ NCA NSC ONT PEN TEN VRG WVA

Georgia

code: GEO

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 157 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
corymbed meadowsweet
corymbed spiraea

authors: Raf.

published_in: Précis Decouv. Somiol. 36

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol SPCO12

license: public domain


slug: spiraea-crenata

scientific: Spiraea crenata

authorship: L.

epithet: crenata

Spiraea anatolica

authorship: Hausskn. ex C.K.Schneid.

name: Spiraea chamaedryfolia subsp. crenifolia

authorship: (C.A.Mey.) Nyman

Spiraea crenata f. puberula

authorship: Litv.

Spiraea crenata subsp. kotschyana

authorship: (Boiss.) Fed.

Spiraea crenata var. lasiocarpa

authorship: Wenz.

Spiraea crenata var. parvifolia

authorship: Pau

Spiraea crenata var. sublobata

authorship: Regel & Herder

Spiraea crenifolia f. glaberrima

authorship: Korsh.

Spiraea crenifolia f. glabrata

authorship: Litv. ex Pojark.

Spiraea crenifolia var. capitata

authorship: Trautv.

authorship: Maxim.

Spiraea crenifolia var. integrifolia

authorship: Regel ex Pojark.

Spiraea crenifolia var. parvifolia

authorship: (Pau) C.Vicioso

Spiraea hypericifolia subsp. kotschyana

authorship: (Boiss.) Gladkova

Spiraea hypericifolia var. crenata

authorship: (L.) Ser.

Spiraea litwinowii

authorship: Dobrocz.

Spiraea nicoviensis

authorship: Besser ex Link

Spiraea sawranica

authorship: Besser

Spiraea vaccinifolia

authorship: hort. ex C.K.Schneid.

codes: ALT IRN KAZ NCS TCS TKM TUR WSB BUL RUC RUE GRC ROM RUS SPA UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

region: Eastern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Greece

code: GRC

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Spain

code: SPA

region: Southwestern Europe

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1673 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Таволга зарубчаста

names: altaispirea altajspirea


slug: spiraea-decumbens

scientific: Spiraea decumbens

epithet: decumbens

Spiraea decumbens prol. tomentosa

authorship: (Poech) Asch. & Graebn.

Spiraea decumbens subsp. tomentosa

authorship: (Poech) Dostál

Spiraea decumbens var. bellunensis

authorship: Bizz.

Spiraea decumbens var. canescens

authorship: Pokorny

Spiraea decumbens var. hacquetii

authorship: (Fenzl & K.Koch) Nyman

Spiraea decumbens var. lancifolia

authorship: (Hoffmanns.) Nyman

Spiraea decumbens var. mollis

authorship: K.Koch ex C.K.Schneid.

Spiraea decumbens var. tomentosa

authorship: Poech

Spiraea flexuosa

authorship: Rchb.

Spiraea hacquetii

authorship: Fenzl & K.Koch

Spiraea lancifolia

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Spiraea lancifolia f. angustifolia

authorship: Pamp.

Spiraea lancifolia var. decumbens

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) Fiori

Spiraea lancifolia var. tomentosa

authorship: (Poech) Pamp.

Spiraea lancifolia var. typica

authorship: Fiori

Spiraea procumbens

authorship: Zabel

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 386 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sprawling Spiraea
Sprawling Spirea

names: Спирея стелющаяся

value: chamaephyte

value: May-Jun

authors: Koch

published_in: Deutschl. Fl. (Sturm), Abt. I, Phanerog. Heft 62

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: spiraea-douglasii

scientific: Spiraea douglasii

authorship: Hook.

epithet: douglasii

preferred: Rose Spirea

english:
Rose Spirea
Douglas spirea
Menzies' spirea
hardhack
hardhack steeplebush
rose spirea
steeplebush

Drimopogon douglasii

authorship: (Hook.) B.D.Jacks.

authorship: Raf.

Spiraea douglasii f. menziesii

authorship: (Hook.) Voss

Spiraea douglasii subsp. menziesii

authorship: (Hook.) Calder & Roy L.Taylor

Spiraea douglasii var. pachystachys

authorship: Lavallée

Spiraea roseata

authorship: Rydb.

codes: ASK BRC CAL COL IDA MNT ORE WAS

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2012 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: hardhack steeplebush

names: Спирея Дугласа

names: douglaspluimspirea douglasspirea

names: Таволга Дуґласа

names: Douglasspirea punapajuangervo

names: lännenpajuangervo Punapajuangervo

partners:
Bombus terrestris
Lepidoptera

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Bombus bifarius
Bombus lucorum
Bombus occidentalis
Bombus sitkensis
Bombus vancouverensis vancouverensis
Lasioglossum calceatum

partners:
Andrena prunorum
Apis mellifera
Bombus californicus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus
Bombus occidentalis
Bombus perplexus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus vosnesenskii
Colladonus atriflavus
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Limenitis lorquini
Lophocampa maculata
Spiramater lutra

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

value: shrub

source: USDA PLANTS

value: phanerophyte

value: Rhizomatous

label: Growth rate


slug: spiraea-hypericifolia

scientific: Spiraea hypericifolia

authorship: L.

epithet: hypericifolia

preferred: Iberian spirea

Spiraea acutifolia

authorship: Willd.

Spiraea ambigua

authorship: Pall.

Spiraea cavanillesii

authorship: Gand.

Spiraea crenata

authorship: Cav.

Spiraea cuneifolia

authorship: Sennen & T.S.Elias

Spiraea flabellata

authorship: Bertol. ex Guss.

Spiraea flabellata var. crenata

authorship: Nyman

authorship: (Cav.) Nyman

Spiraea hispanica

authorship: Barrelier ex Zabel

authorship: Ortega

authorship: Ortega ex C.Vicioso

authorship: (Willd.) Hoffmanns. & Link

Spiraea hispanica var. rhodoclada

authorship: (Leresche & Levier) Losa

Spiraea hypericifolia f. subalpina

authorship: Zinserl.

Spiraea hypericifolia prol. obovata

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Asch. & Graebn.

Spiraea hypericifolia prol. typica

authorship: Asch. & Graebn.

Spiraea hypericifolia var. acuta

authorship: Ser.

Spiraea hypericifolia var. acutifolia

authorship: (Willd.) Wenz.

authorship: (Willd.) Dippel

Spiraea hypericifolia var. brevifolia

authorship: Bunge

Spiraea hypericifolia var. flabellata

authorship: (Bertol. ex Guss.) Zabel

authorship: (Bertol. ex Guss.) Fiori

Spiraea hypericifolia var. genuina

authorship: Ledeb.

Spiraea hypericifolia var. heterophylla

authorship: Sommier & Levier

Spiraea hypericifolia var. hispanica

authorship: (Willd.) Fiori

Spiraea hypericifolia var. nana

authorship: (Anon.) Lavallée

Spiraea hypericifolia var. nutans

authorship: (K.Koch) Lavallée

Spiraea hypericifolia var. obovata

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Maxim.

name: Spiraea hypericifolia var. thalictroides

authorship: (Pall.) Ledeb.

authorship: Mérat

Spiraea hypericifolia var. turkestanica

authorship: Ledeb. ex Zabel

Spiraea hypericifolia var. typica

authorship: Maxim.

Spiraea obovata

authorship: Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.

Spiraea obovata var. cavanillesii

authorship: (Gand.) Braun-Blanq.

Spiraea obovata var. rhodoclada

authorship: (Leresche & Levier) Braun-Blanq.

Spiraea rhodoclada

authorship: Leresche & Levier

Spiraea uralensis

authorship: Sweet

codes: ALT BRY CHN CHS CTA CHI KAZ KGZ KRA CHM MON NCS TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB WSB CHX NEP PAK WHM BUL RUC RUE FRA ITA KRY YUG POR RUS SPA UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Manchuria

code: CHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1479 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 珍珠绣球 金丝桃叶绣线菊

names: Спирея зверобоелистная

names: スピラエア・ヒペリシフォリア

names: Таволга звіробоєлиста

partners:
Celyphoma spiraeae
Handianus spiraeae
Hephathus achilleae
Hephathus freyi
Macropsis sibirica
Ganoderma australe
Hephathus nanus

partners:
Blastothrix nikolskajae
Blastothrix sericeus
Discodes rubtzovi
Ganoderma australe
Mesopolobus fedotovae
Microterys sylvius


slug: spiraea-japonica

scientific: Spiraea japonica

epithet: japonica

preferred: Japanese meadowsweet

english:
Japanese meadowsweet
Japanese spiraea

Spiraea albiflora

authorship: (Miq.) Zabel

Spiraea belloides

authorship: hort.

Spiraea bumalda

authorship: Burv.

Spiraea bumalda f. froebelii

authorship: (Froebel) Rehder

Spiraea bumalda f. pruhoniciana

authorship: Rehder

Spiraea bumalda unranked ruberrima

authorship: Lemoine

Spiraea bumalda var. anthony-watereri

authorship: Moldenke

Spiraea callosa

authorship: Thunb.

Spiraea callosa unranked alba

authorship: Clémenc.

Spiraea callosa unranked froebelii

authorship: Froebel

Spiraea callosa var. alba

authorship: (Clémenc.) Regel

Spiraea callosa var. albiflora

authorship: Miq.

Spiraea callosa var. flore-albo

authorship: Regel

Spiraea callosa var. robusta

authorship: Hook.f. & Thomson

Spiraea crispifolia

authorship: Zabel

Spiraea crispifolia unranked minor

authorship: Dippel

Spiraea formosana

authorship: Hayata

Spiraea fortunei

authorship: Planch.

Spiraea fortunei unranked alba

authorship: Saint-Paul

Spiraea fortunei unranked macrophylla

authorship: Simon-Louis ex Zabel

Spiraea fortunei unranked paniculata

authorship: Carrière

Spiraea fortunei var. atrosanguinea

authorship: Lavallée

Spiraea glabrata

authorship: Lange

Spiraea hypoglauca

authorship: Koidz.

Spiraea japonica f. albiflora

authorship: (Miq.) Kitam.

Spiraea japonica f. alpina

authorship: (Maxim.) Koidz.

Spiraea japonica f. atrosanguinea

authorship: (Zabel) C.K.Schneid.

Spiraea japonica f. bumalda

authorship: (Burv.) Geerinck

Spiraea japonica f. fortunei

authorship: (Planch.) Kitam.

Spiraea japonica f. macrophylla

authorship: (Zabel) Zabel

Spiraea japonica f. parvireginula

authorship: Boom ex Geerinck

Spiraea japonica f. pubescens

authorship: (Regel) Kitam.

Spiraea japonica subsp. glabra

authorship: (Regel) Koidz.

Spiraea japonica subvar. brevistyla

authorship: (Hayata) Masam.

Spiraea japonica unranked alba

authorship: (Clémenc.) G.Nicholson

Spiraea japonica var. alba

authorship: (Clémenc.) Koidz.

Spiraea japonica var. albiflora

authorship: (Miq.) Koidz.

authorship: (Miq.) Z.Wei & Y.B.Chang

Spiraea japonica var. bullata

authorship: (Maxim.) Makino

Spiraea japonica var. bumalda

authorship: Bean

Spiraea japonica var. glabrata

authorship: (Lange) G.Nicholson

Spiraea japonica var. ibukiensis

authorship: Makino

Spiraea japonica var. mayebarae

authorship: Kitam.

Spiraea japonica var. parvifolia

authorship: (Koidz.) Kitam.

Spiraea japonica var. typica

authorship: Gilg

Spiraea kweichowensis

authorship: T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu

Spiraea macrophylla

authorship: Hook. ex Koehne

Spiraea pruhoniciana

authorship: Kriechb.

Spiraea pumila var. watereri

authorship: Bergmans

Spiraea zuccarinii

authorship: Siebold ex Miq.

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP TAI CHT MYA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1970 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 光叶粉花绣线菊 光叶绣线菊

names: Спирея японская

partners:
Bombus muscorum
Bombus terrestris
Eristalis tenax
Lasioglossum
Adalia bipunctata
Andrena afrensis
Andrena colletiformis
Andrena haemorrhoa

partners:
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus terrestris
Apidae
Apis mellifera
Bombus affinis
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus griseocollis

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Acasis viretata
Acleris laterana
Acleris lipsiana
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: spiraea-lucida

scientific: Spiraea lucida

authorship: Douglas ex Greene

epithet: lucida

preferred: shinyleaf spirea

Spiraea betulifolia subsp. lucida

authorship: (Douglas ex Greene) R.L.Taylor & MacBryde

Spiraea betulifolia var. lucida

authorship: (Douglas ex Greene) C.L.Hitchc.

Spiraea corymbosa f. lucida

authorship: (Douglas ex Greene) Zabel

codes: ABT BRC IDA MNT NDA ORE SAS SDA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

North Dakota

code: NDA

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1974 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Shinyleaf Meadowsweet
shiny-leaved meadowsweet

names: Спирея светлая

partners:
Andrena
Andrena candida
Andrena medionitens
Andrena prunorum
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus mixtus
Bombus sylvicola

label: Growth habit

value: woody

authors: Douglas ex Greene

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol SPLU5


slug: spiraea-media

scientific: Spiraea media

authorship: Schmidt

epithet: media

published_in: Oestr. Baumz. i. 53. t. 54.

name: Spiraea chamaedryfolia subsp. oblongifolia

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Nyman

Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. media

authorship: (Schmidt) Pursh

name: Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. oblongifolia

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Cambess.

Spiraea confusa

authorship: Regel & Körn.

Spiraea confusa var. sericea

authorship: (Turcz.) Regel

Spiraea confusa var. subglabra

authorship: Regel

Spiraea daurica

authorship: Raf.

Spiraea foliosa

authorship: Poir.

Spiraea media f. glabrescens

authorship: (Simonk.) Zabel

Spiraea media f. oblongifolia

authorship: Beck

Spiraea media f. pilosiuscula

authorship: Zabel

Spiraea media subsp. confusa

authorship: (Regel & Körn.) Juel, Cedergr. & Örtendahl

Spiraea media subsp. oblongifolia

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Juel, R.E.Fr. & Örtendahl

Spiraea media subsp. sericea

authorship: (Turcz.) Juel, R.E.Fr. & Örtendahl

Spiraea media var. glabrescens

authorship: Simonk.

Spiraea media var. leiantha

authorship: Borbás

Spiraea media var. mollis

authorship: (K.Koch & C.D.Bouché) C.K.Schneid.

authorship: (K.Koch & Bouché) C.K.Schneid.

Spiraea media var. monbetsuensis

authorship: (Franch.) Cardot ex Nakai

Spiraea media var. oblongifolia

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Dippel

Spiraea media var. sericea

authorship: (Turcz.) Regel ex Maxim.

Spiraea media var. typica

authorship: Buia

Spiraea mollis

authorship: K.Koch & C.D.Bouché

Spiraea monbetsusensis

authorship: Franch.

Spiraea oblongifolia

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

Spiraea polonica

authorship: Błocki

Spiraea sericea

authorship: Turcz.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1505 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Oriental spiraea
Russian Spiraea

names: 绣线菊子 欧亚绣线菊

names:
Karpaten-Spierstrauch
Karpaten-Spierstrauch, Mittlerer S.

names: Таволга середня

names: fransspirea mellanspirea

names: balkanspirea karpatspirea

names: karpatspirea balkanspirea

partners:
Boloria tritonia
Brachyta variabilis
Elkalyce argiades
Erebia edda
Glaucopsyche lycormas
Neptis rivularis
Oedecnema gebleri

partners:
Hippodamia variegata
Misumena vatia

partners:
Ahlbergia frivaldszkyi
Ectoedemia spiraeae
Limenitis sydyi
Satyrium prunoides
Stigmella inopinata

label: Woodiness

value: nanophanerophyte

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

value: May-Jul


slug: spiraea-morrisonicola

scientific: Spiraea morrisonicola

authorship: Hayata

epithet: morrisonicola

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo  30(1): 89 (1911)

Spiraea japonica var. morrisonicola

authorship: (Hayata) Kitam.

Taiwan

code: TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 136 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 新高山绣线菊 玉山繡線菊

value: subshrub

value: perennial

authors: Hayata

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(Art. 1):  89


slug: spiraea-prunifolia

scientific: Spiraea prunifolia

authorship: Siebold & Zucc.

epithet: prunifolia

preferred: bridalwreath spirea

Spiraea crenata var. folia-ovatis

authorship: Thunb.

Spiraea hypericifolia var. hupehensis

authorship: Rehder

Spiraea pinnifolia

authorship: Walp.

Spiraea prunifolia f. pseudoprunifolia

authorship: (Hayata ex Nakai) Kitam.

Spiraea prunifolia f. simpliciflora

authorship: Nakai

Spiraea prunifolia var. flore-pleno

authorship: Siebold

Spiraea prunifolia var. integrifolia

authorship: Dunn

Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora

authorship: (Nakai) Nakai

Spiraea pseudoprunifolia

authorship: Hayata ex Nakai

Spiraea pseudoprunifolia var. typica

authorship: Hatus.

Spiraea thunbergii var. prunifolia

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) Wenz.

codes: CHC CHS KOR TAI

China South-Central

code: CHC

Korea

code: KOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 464 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
bridalwreath spirea
Bridal-wreath Spiraea

names: 李叶绣线菊 笑靥花

names: Спирея сливолистная

names: shijimi-bana シジミバナ

names:
Spirée
spirée à feuilles de prunier

partners:
Andrena clarkella
Andrena dunningi
Boloria myrina
Incisalia niphon
Polistes fuscatus

partners:
Brenthis ino
Eresia aveyrona mylitta
Neptis alwina
Neptis pryeri
Neptis rivularis
Polygonia c-aureum
Ricania speculum

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

value: Multiple Stem

value: rapid

label: Height

label: Foliage colour

value: green

label: Flower colour


slug: spiraea-salicifolia

scientific: Spiraea salicifolia

authorship: L.

epithet: salicifolia

preferred: willowleaf meadowsweet

Spiraea alba f. lanceolata

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) C.K.Schneid.

Spiraea amena

authorship: Raf.

Spiraea arguta

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Spiraea bethlehemensis unranked alba

authorship: Zabel

Spiraea bethlemensis

authorship: Wenz.

Spiraea carnea

authorship: (Aiton) Steud.

Spiraea carpinifolia

authorship: Willd.

Spiraea eximia

authorship: Regel

Spiraea grandiflora

authorship: Lodd., G.Lodd. & W.Lodd.

Spiraea humilis

authorship: Pojark.

Spiraea salicifolia f. grandiflora

authorship: (Loudon) C.K.Schneid.

name: Spiraea salicifolia subf. bethlehemensis

Spiraea salicifolia var. alpestris

authorship: Pall.

authorship: Maxim.

Spiraea salicifolia var. bethlehemensis

authorship: Lavallée

Spiraea salicifolia var. brevifolia

authorship: Trautv. & C.A.Mey.

Spiraea salicifolia var. carnea

authorship: Aiton

Spiraea salicifolia var. grandiflora

authorship: Loudon

Spiraea salicifolia var. humilis

authorship: (Pojark.) H.Hara

Spiraea salicifolia var. lanceolata

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Spiraea salicifolia var. typica

authorship: Buia

Spiraea tenuifolia

authorship: Otto ex Dippel

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CTA CHI IRK JAP KAM KAZ KHA KOR KRA KUR MAG CHM MON PRM SAK TVA WSB YAK AUT BUL CZE HUN YUG POL ROM UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Japan

code: JAP

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Magadan

code: MAG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1550 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Спирея иволистная

names:
Weidenblaettriger Spierstrauch
Weidenblättriger Spierstrauch

names:
Spiree a feuilles de saule
Spirée à feuilles de Saule

names: Таволга верболиста

names:
fűzlevelű bajnóca
fűzlevelű gyöngyvessző

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Anthrenus verbasci
Bombus cryptarum
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus
Hylaeus angustatus
Hylaeus annulatus

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Anthrenus verbasci
Bombus cryptarum
Bombus lucorum
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus

partners:
Andrena bicolor
Andrena miranda
Andrena ventralis

partners:
Neptis rivularis
Acronicta euphorbiae
Celastrina argiolus
Macropsis brunnescens
Acanthis flammea
Acasis viretata
Acleris laterana
Acleris lipsiana

partners:
Podosphaera clandestina
Podosphaera spiraeae


slug: spiraea-splendens

scientific: Spiraea splendens

authorship: Baumann ex K.Koch

epithet: splendens

published_in: Monatsschr. Vereines Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten  18: 294 (1875)

preferred: Mountain Spirea

english:
Mountain Spirea
rose meadowsweet

source: inat

Spiraea arbuscula

authorship: Greene

Spiraea densiflora

authorship: Nutt. ex Rydb.

authorship: Nutt. ex Greenm.

Spiraea densiflora subsp. splendens

authorship: (Baumann ex K.Koch) Abrams

Spiraea densiflora var. splendens

authorship: (Baumann ex K.Koch) C.L.Hitchc.

Spiraea hydrangaefolia

authorship: Anon.

Spiraea hydrangeaefolia

authorship: hort.

Spiraea lucida var. rosea

authorship: (A.Gray) Greene

Spiraea rosea

authorship: (A.Gray) Koehne

codes: ABT BRC CAL IDA MNT ORE WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2073 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rose meadowsweet
Mountain Spiraea

names:
Спирея блестящая
Спирея густоцветковая

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Apis mellifera
Blera scitula
Bombus sitkensis
Bombus vandykei
Andrena
Bombus bifarius

label: Visited by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus
Hadromyia pulchra
Pachyta armata
Speyeria hydaspe

partners:
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Philaenus spumarius
Pieris rapae

label: Life cycle

authors: É.N.Baumann ex K.Koch

published_in: Monatsschr. Vereines Beford. Gartenbaues Konigl. Preuss. Staaten 18(7): 294


slug: spiraea-stevenii

scientific: Spiraea stevenii

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Rydb.

epithet: stevenii

preferred: Beauverd spirea

english:
Beauverd spirea
Steven's spirea
beauverd spirea

Spiraea betulifolia subsp. stevenii

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Nedol.

codes: YAK ASK BRC NWT YUK

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Alaska

code: ASK

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 404 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Beauverd spirea
Steven's spirea

names: Спирея Стевена

authors: (C.K.Schneid.) Rydb.


slug: spiraea-tarokoensis

scientific: Spiraea tarokoensis

authorship: Hayata

epithet: tarokoensis

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan.  9: 38 (1920)

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

names: 太魯閣繡線菊 太鲁阁绣线菊

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 38

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiraea-thunbergii

scientific: Spiraea thunbergii

authorship: Siebold ex Blume

epithet: thunbergii

preferred: Thunberg's meadowsweet

Awayus japonicus

authorship: (Raf.) Raf. ex B.D.Jacks.

authorship: Raf.

codes: JAP KOR

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 170 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Thunberg's meadowsweet
Thunberg Spiraea

names: 柳叶绣球菊 珍珠绣线菊

names: Спирея Тунберга

names: kogome-bana yuki-yanagi

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Bruchidius dorsalis
Nomada ginran
Nonartha cyaneum

label: Eaten by

partners:
Bombylius major
Callophrys ferrea
Neptis pryeri
Neptis rivularis

authors: Siebold ex Blume

published_in: Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 17: 1115

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiraea-tomentosa

scientific: Spiraea tomentosa

authorship: L.

epithet: tomentosa

preferred: Steeplebush

english: Steeplebush hardhack steeplebush

Drimopogon ferruginea

authorship: (Raf.) B.D.Jacks.

Drimopogon tomentosa

authorship: (L.) B.D.Jacks.

Spiraea tomentosa f. alba

authorship: (Weston) Rehder

Spiraea tomentosa var. alba

authorship: Weston

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL GEO ILL INI KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2006 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Спирея войлочная

names:
Filziger Spierstrauch
Gelbfilziger Spierstrauch

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Bombus ternarius
Bombus terricola
Bombus vagans
Agapostemon virescens
Andrena crataegi
Apis mellifera
Augochlorella aurata

partners:
Bombus ternarius
Chauliognathus pensylvanicus
Chrysogaster solstitialis
Eristalis pertinax
Eristalis tenax
Helophilus pendulus
Sericomyia silentis

partners:
Hyalophora cecropia
Lymantria dispar
Ammophila procera
Augochlorella aurata
Biston betularia
Cingilia catenaria
Eristalis nemorum
Evora hemidesma


slug: spiraea-trilobata

scientific: Spiraea trilobata

epithet: trilobata

preferred: Asian meadowsweet

Eleiosina triloba

authorship: (Murray) B.D.Jacks.

Spiraea grossulariifolia

authorship: Zabel

Spiraea trilobata var. pubescens

authorship: Regel

codes: ALT CHN CHS CHI KAZ KRA CHM CHX

Altay

code: ALT

China North-Central

code: CHN

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Manchuria

code: CHM

Xinjiang

code: CHX

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 608 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 三裂线叶菊 三裂绣线菊

value: moderate


slug: spiraea-virginiana

scientific: Spiraea virginiana

authorship: Britton

epithet: virginiana

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  17: 314 (1890)

preferred: Virginia meadowsweet

Spiraea virginiana f. serrulata

authorship: (Rehder) Rehder

Spiraea virginiana var. serrulata

authorship: Rehder

codes: ALA GEO KTY NCA PEN TEN VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Georgia

code: GEO

Kentucky

code: KTY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

names:
Virginia meadowsweet
Virginia Spiraea

authors: Britton

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17(12): 314

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthera-odoratissima

scientific: Spiranthera odoratissima

genus: Spiranthera

epithet: odoratissima

family: Rutaceae

published_in: Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1823: 130 (1823)

Spiranthera leopoldiana

authorship: Bamps & A.Robyns

name: Spiranthera odoratissima var. grandiflora

authorship: Engl.

Terpnanthus jasminoides

authorship: Nees & Mart.

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 59 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: manacá manacá-do-cerrado

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

published_in: Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris (1823) 130

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-aestivalis

scientific: Spiranthes aestivalis

authorship: (Poir.) Rich.

genus: Spiranthes

epithet: aestivalis

published_in: De Orchid. Eur. : 36 (1817)

preferred: Summer lady's-tresses

english:
Summer lady's-tresses
summer ladiestresses

Gyrostachys aestivalis

authorship: (Poir.) Dumort.

Neottia aestivalis

authorship: Lam.

authorship: (Poir.) DC.

Ophrys aestiva

authorship: Balb.

Ophrys aestivalis

authorship: Poir.

Tussaca aestivalis

authorship: (Poir.) Rich. ex Desv.

codes: ALG MOR TUN AUT COR CZE FRA GER HUN ITA YUG POR SAR SPA SWI

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Corse

code: COR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

lifeform: perennial or tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 353 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
summer ladiestresses
Summer lady's-tresses

names: لولوبة صيفية

names: Sommer-Drehwurz Sommer-Schraubenstendel

names:
spiranthe dété
Spiranthe d'ete

names:
Troellig yr haf
Troellog yr Haf

value: herb

value: non-woody

label: Life form

value: geophyte


slug: spiranthes-arcisepala

scientific: Spiranthes arcisepala

epithet: arcisepala

codes: CNT INI MAI MRY MAS MIC NWH NWJ NWY NSC OHI ONT PEN QUE VER VRG WVA

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 882 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Appalachian ladies'-tresses
Appalachian ladies’ tresses

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus impatiens


slug: spiranthes-australis

scientific: Spiranthes australis

authorship: (R.Br.) Lindl.

epithet: australis

Calanthe australis

authorship: (R.Br.) Aiton ex Loudon

Gyrostachys australis

authorship: (R.Br.) Blume

Gyrostachys australis var. amoena

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Blume

Gyrostachys congesta

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys novifuburgensis

authorship: Kuntze

Gyrostachys wightiana

authorship: (Lindl. ex Wall.) Kuntze

Ibidium viridiflorum

authorship: (Makino) Makino

Monustes australis

authorship: (R.Br.) Raf.

Neottia crispata

authorship: Blume

Neottia parviflora

authorship: Sm.

Ophrys spiralis

authorship: Georgi

Spiranthes amoena

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Spreng.

Spiranthes australis var. viridiflora

authorship: Makino

Spiranthes congesta

authorship: Lindl.

Spiranthes crispata

authorship: (Blume) Zoll. & Moritzi

Spiranthes elytra

authorship: D.L.Jones & R.J.Bates

Spiranthes parviflora

authorship: (Sm.) Lindl.

Spiranthes sinensis subsp. australis

authorship: (R.Br.) Kitam.

Spiranthes sinensis var. amoena

authorship: (M.Bieb.) H.Hara

Spiranthes sinensis var. australis

authorship: (R.Br.) H.Hara & S.Kitam.

Spiranthes wightiana

authorship: Lindl. ex Wall.

codes: AFG ALT AMU BRY CHN CHC CHS CTA CHH CHI IRN IRQ IRK JAP KAZ KHA KOR KRA KUR CHM MON NNS PRM CHQ SAK CHT TCS TVA WSB CHX YAK ASS BAN BOR EHM IND JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG PAK PHI SOL SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM CTM NSW NZN NZS QLD SOA TAS VIC RUE NWC NUE SAM TON VAN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

Hainan

code: CHH

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Japan

code: JAP

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2001 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: spiranthes-bightensis

scientific: Spiranthes bightensis

epithet: bightensis

codes: DEL MRY NWJ NWY VRG

Delaware

code: DEL

Maryland

code: MRY

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 81 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: spiranthes-casei

scientific: Spiranthes casei

authorship: Catling & Cruise

epithet: casei

published_in: Rhodora 76: 527

preferred: Case's lady's tresses

codes: MAI MIC MIN NWH NWY NSC ONT PEN QUE VER WIS

Maine

code: MAI

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

New Hampshire

code: NWH

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Vermont

code: VER

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 117 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names:
Case's lady's tresses
Case's Ladies'-tresses

names: لولوبة كاسية

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Catling & Cruise

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-cernua

scientific: Spiranthes cernua

authorship: (L.) Rich.

epithet: cernua

published_in: De Orchid. Eur. : 37 (1817)

preferred: nodding ladies' tresses

english:
nodding ladies' tresses
Nodding lady's tresses
nodding lady's tresses

Gyrostachys cernua

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys constricta

authorship: Small

Ibidium cernuum

authorship: Bouse

authorship: (L.) House

Limodorum autumnale

authorship: Walter

Neottia cernuua

authorship: (L.) Willd.

Ophrys cernua

authorship: L.

Spiranthes annua

authorship: Lesq.

authorship: Lesq. ex Branner & Coville

Spiranthes cernua var. ochroleuca

authorship: Ames

Spiranthes constricta

authorship: (Small) K.Schum.

Spiranthes parksii

authorship: Correll

Spiranthes petiolaris

authorship: Raf.

Triorchis cernuus

authorship: (L.) Nieuwl.

codes: ALA ARK CNT FLA GEO ILL KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIN MSI MSO NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC OHI OKL PEN PEI RHO SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Brunswick

code: NBR

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Prince Edward I.

code: PEI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1628 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Nodding lady's tresses
Common Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة منحنية

names: Скрученник поникший

names: اسپیرانتس سرنوآ

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Bombus
Bombus pensylvanicus
Chioneinae
Colias eurytheme
Ctenoplusia oxygramma
Dione vanillae
Epargyreus clarus

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Dione vanillae
Toxomerus marginatus
Xylocopa virginica


slug: spiranthes-diluvialis

scientific: Spiranthes diluvialis

authorship: Sheviak

epithet: diluvialis

preferred: Ute lady's tresses

name: Spiranthes romanzoffiana var. diluvialis

authorship: (Sheviak) S.L.Welsh

codes: COL IDA MNT NEB NEV UTA WAS WYO

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 398 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Ute lady's tresses
Diluvim Ladies’-tresses

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus

partners:
Hymenoptera
Syrphidae
Vespula
Apis mellifera
Bombus

value: forb/herb

source: derived from USDA NRCS plant guide

quote: Ute Ladies’-Tresses is a showy, perennial flowering orchid

quote: mainly 1 stem 12-50 cm tall

value: white or ivory

quote: few to many white or ivory flowers clustered in a spike

label: Phenology

value: Flowering occurs in early August and may persist into early September barring frost or drought

authors: Sheviak

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-eatonii

scientific: Spiranthes eatonii

authorship: Ames ex P.M.Br.

epithet: eatonii

published_in: N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 5: 9 (1999)

preferred: Eaton's lady's tresses

Spiranthes lacera var. eatonii

authorship: (Ames ex P.M.Br.) D.B.Ward

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ALA FLA GEO LOU MSI NCA SCA TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

South Carolina

code: SCA

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: لولوبة إيتونية

authors: Ames ex P.M.Br.

published_in: N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 5(1): 9 (7-15, fig.)


slug: spiranthes-flexuosa

scientific: Spiranthes flexuosa

authorship: (Sm.) Lindl.

epithet: flexuosa

Gyrostachys australis var. flexuosa

authorship: (Sm.) Blume

Neottia flexuosa

authorship: Sm.

Spiranthes himalayensis

authorship: Survesw., Kumar & Mei Sun

codes: AFG CHC CHS JAP NNS TAI ASS BOR EHM IND JAW MLY MYA NEP SRL SUM THA VIE WHM

Afghanistan

code: AFG

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

Nepal

code: NEP

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

names:
Himalayan Ladies' Tresses
Nepalese Ladies'-tresses

names: 尼泊尔绶草 尼泊爾綬草

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Bot. Reg. 10: sub t. 823

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-incurva

scientific: Spiranthes incurva

authorship: (Jenn.) M.C.Pace

epithet: incurva

Ibidium incurvum

authorship: Jenn.

codes: ILL INI IOW KAN MIC MIN MSO NEB NBR NWH OHI ONT PEN QUE SDA VER WIS

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

South Dakota

code: SDA

Vermont

code: VER

Wisconsin

code: WIS

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2014 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sphinx ladies’ tresses
sphinx ladies'-tresses

partners:
Plusia putnami
Tharsalea hyllus

authors: (Jenn.) M.C.Pace


slug: spiranthes-lacera

scientific: Spiranthes lacera

authorship: (Raf.) Raf.

epithet: lacera

preferred: Slender ladies'-tresses

english:
Slender ladies'-tresses
northern slender lady's tresses

Gyrostachys gracilis

authorship: (Bigelow) Kuntze

Ibidium gracile

authorship: House

authorship: (Bigelow) House

Neottia gracilis

authorship: Bigelow

Neottia tortilis

authorship: Pursh

Spiranthes gracilis

authorship: (Bigelow) L.C.Beck

authorship: (Bigelow) Beck

Triorchis gracilis

authorship: (Bigelow) Nieuwl.

codes: ALA ABT ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC OHI OKL ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SCA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1544 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
Slender ladies'-tresses
Northern Slender Ladies'-tresses

partners:
Andrena accepta
Andrena macoupinensis
Andrena miserabilis
Anoplius illinoensis
Anthrax palliata
Atholus americanus
Brachymeria flavipes
Calocoris rapidus

partners:
Andrena accepta
Andrena macoupinensis
Andrena miserabilis
Anoplius illinoensis
Anthrax palliata
Atholus americanus
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus


slug: spiranthes-laciniata

scientific: Spiranthes laciniata

authorship: (Small) Ames

epithet: laciniata

published_in: Orchidaceae 1: 120 (1905)

preferred: lacelip lady's tresses

Gyrostachys laciniata

authorship: Small

Ibidium laciniatum

authorship: (Small) House

codes: ALA DEL FLA GEO LOU MRY MSI NWJ NCA SCA TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 70 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
lacelip lady's tresses
Lace-lipped Ladies' Tresses

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

authors: Ames

published_in: Orchidaceae 1: 120, 133


slug: spiranthes-longilabris

scientific: Spiranthes longilabris

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: longilabris

preferred: Giantspiral lady's tresses

english:
Giantspiral lady's tresses
giantspiral lady's tresses

Gyrostachys brevifolia

authorship: (Chapm.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys longilabris

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Ibidium longilabre

authorship: (Lindl.) House

Spiranthes brevifolia

authorship: Chapm.

Florida

code: FLA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 126 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Giantspiral lady's tresses
Giantspiral Ladies' Tresses

source: GIFT

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 467


slug: spiranthes-lucida

scientific: Spiranthes lucida

authorship: (H.H.Eaton) Ames

epithet: lucida

published_in: Orchidaceae 2: 258 (1908)

preferred: Shining lady's tresses

english:
Shining lady's tresses
shining lady's tresses

Gyrostachys latifolia

authorship: (Torr. ex Lindl.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys plantaginea

authorship: (Raf.) Britton

Neottia aestivalis

authorship: Oakes

authorship: Oakes ex A.Gray

Neottia plantaginea

authorship: Raf.

Spiranthes latifolia

authorship: Torr. ex Lindl.

Spiranthes plantaginea

authorship: (Raf.) Raf.

Triorchis plantagineus

authorship: (Raf.) Nieuwl.

codes: ALA CNT DEL ILL INI KAN KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MSO NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWY NSC OHI ONT PEN QUE RHO TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

Indiana

code: INI

Kansas

code: KAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 667 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Shining lady's tresses
Shining Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة واضحة


slug: spiranthes-magnicamporum

scientific: Spiranthes magnicamporum

authorship: Sheviak

epithet: magnicamporum

preferred: Great Plains lady's tresses

codes: ALA ARK ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAN MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWM NWY NDA OHI OKL ONT PEN SDA TEN TEX VRG WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Manitoba

code: MAN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Mexico

code: NWM

New York

code: NWY

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2008 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Great Plains lady's tresses
Great Plains Ladies' Tresses


slug: spiranthes-niklasii

scientific: Spiranthes niklasii

epithet: niklasii

codes: ARK OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 88 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-ochroleuca

scientific: Spiranthes ochroleuca

authorship: (Rydb.) Rydb.

epithet: ochroleuca

published_in: Fl. Plains N. Amer. : 241 (1932)

preferred: Yellow nodding lady's tresses

english:
Yellow nodding lady's tresses
yellow nodding lady's tresses

Gyrostachys ochroleuca

authorship: Rydb.

Ibidium cernuum var. ochroleucum

authorship: (Rydb.) House

Spiranthes steigeri

authorship: Correll

Triorchis cernuus var. ochroleucus

authorship: (Rydb.) Farw.

Triorchis ochroleucus

authorship: (Rydb.) Nieuwl.

codes: CNT INI KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI RHO SCA TEN VER VRG WVA

Connecticut

code: CNT

Indiana

code: INI

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Prince Edward I.

code: PEI

Rhode I.

code: RHO

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 985 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Yellow nodding lady's tresses
yellow ladies'-tresses

names: لولوبة مغرية اللون

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: spiranthes-odorata

scientific: Spiranthes odorata

authorship: (Nutt.) Lindl.

epithet: odorata

preferred: Marsh lady's tresses

english:
Marsh lady's tresses
marsh lady's tresses

Gyrostachys odorata

authorship: (Nutt.) Kuntze

Ibidium odoratum

authorship: (Nutt.) House

Neottia odorata

authorship: Nutt.

Spiranthes cernua subsp. odorata

authorship: (Nutt.) Kreutz & M.H.Schot

Spiranthes cernua var. odorata

authorship: (Nutt.) Correll

Triorchis odoratus

authorship: (Nutt.) Nieuwl.

Triorchos trilobus

authorship: (Small) House

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO KTY LOU MRY MSI NCA OKL SCA TEN TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mississippi

code: MSI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 550 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Marsh lady's tresses
Marsh Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة ذات رائحة

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Dione vanillae
Panoquina ocola
Urbanus proteus


slug: spiranthes-ovalis

scientific: Spiranthes ovalis

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: ovalis

preferred: October lady's tresses

Gyrostachys ovalis

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys parviflora

authorship: Small

Ibidium ovale

authorship: (Lindl.) House

Spiranthes cernua var. parviflora

authorship: Chapm.

Spiranthes montana

authorship: Raf.

Spiranthes parviflora

authorship: (Chapm.) Ames

Spiranthes smallii

authorship: Schltr.

Triorchis ovalis

authorship: (Lindl.) Nieuwl.

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MIC MSI MSO NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT PEN SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA WIS

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Missouri

code: MSO

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 705 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
October lady's tresses
Lesser Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة بيضاوية


slug: spiranthes-perexilis

scientific: Spiranthes perexilis

authorship: (Sheviak) M.C.Pace

epithet: perexilis

Spiranthes stellata subsp. perexilis

authorship: Sheviak

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Sheviak) M.C.Pace


slug: spiranthes-porrifolia

scientific: Spiranthes porrifolia

epithet: porrifolia

preferred: Creamy lady's tresses

english:
Creamy lady's tresses
western ladies' tresses
creamy lady's tresses

Ibidium porrifolium

authorship: (Lindl.) Rydb.

Orchiastrum porrifolium

authorship: (Lindl.) Greene

name: Spiranthes romanzoffiana var. porrifolia

authorship: (Lindl.) Ames & Correll

codes: CAL IDA NEV ORE WAS

Idaho

code: IDA

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 280 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus californicus
Bombus vandykei


slug: spiranthes-praecox

scientific: Spiranthes praecox

authorship: (Walter) S.Watson

epithet: praecox

preferred: Greenvein lady's tresses

english:
Greenvein lady's tresses
greenvein lady's tresses

Ibidium beckii

authorship: House

Ibidium praecox

authorship: (Walter) House

Limodorum praecox

authorship: Walter

Spiranthes praecox f. albolabia

authorship: P.M.Br. & C.L.McCartney

Triorchis praecox

authorship: (Walter) Nieuwl.

Triorchos beckii

authorship: (B.C.Stone) House

codes: ALA ARK DEL FLA GEO LOU MRY MSI MSO NWJ NCA OKL SCA TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Delaware

code: DEL

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Jersey

code: NWJ

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Carolina

code: SCA

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1193 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Greenvein lady's tresses
Grass-leaved Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة مبكرة