slug: silene-wilfordii

scientific: Silene wilfordii

authorship: (Regel) H.Ohashi & H.Nakai

epithet: wilfordii

Lychnis fulgens var. wilfordii

authorship: Regel

Lychnis wilfordii

authorship: Regel ex Maxim.

codes: JAP KOR CHM PRM

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

region: China

Primorye

code: PRM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Зорька Уилфорда

value: Jun-Aug

authors: (Regel) H.Ohashi & H.Nakai


slug: silene-williamsii

scientific: Silene williamsii

authorship: Britton

genus: Silene

epithet: williamsii

family: Caryophyllaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 2: 168. 1901

Silene menziesii subsp. williamsii

authorship: (Britton) Hultén

Silene menziesii var. williamsii

authorship: (Britton) B.Boivin

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ASK YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Subarctic America

Yukon

code: YUK

lifeform: perennial

climate: subalpine or subarctic

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names:
Menzies' Campion
Williams' campion

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Britton

published_in: Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 2: 168

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: silene-wolgensis

scientific: Silene wolgensis

authorship: (Hornem.) Otth

epithet: wolgensis

Cucubalus wolgensis

authorship: Willd.

Otites jenissensis

authorship: Klokov

Otites wolgensis

authorship: (Hornem.) Grossh.

Silene densiflora var. wolgensis

authorship: Jordanov & Panov

Silene otites var. wolgensis

authorship: (Hornem.) Rohrb.

Silene wolgensis

authorship: Besser ex Spreng.

Viscago wolgensis

authorship: Hornem.

codes: ALT KAZ KGZ MON NCS TKM WSB CHX BUL RUE KRY RUS UKR

Altay

code: ALT

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Siberia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Bulgaria

code: BUL

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

Krym

code: KRY

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

lifeform: biennial or perennial

climate: temperate

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 507 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Height

category: Size

value: biennial

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

authors: Otth

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: silene-wrightii

scientific: Silene wrightii

epithet: wrightii

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 17 (1853)

preferred: Wright's catchfly

source: wikidata

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

source: USDA PLANTS

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 17

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: siler-montanum

scientific: Siler montanum

authorship: Crantz

genus: Siler

epithet: montanum

family: Apiaceae

published_in: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 3: 60 (1767)

Lacellia montana

authorship: Bubani

Laser siler

authorship: Druce

Laserpitium garganicum

authorship: Bertol.

Laserpitium garganicum var. stabianum

authorship: (Lacaita) Pignatti

Laserpitium lineatum

authorship: Tausch

Laserpitium montanum

authorship: Lam.

Laserpitium siculum var. stabianum

authorship: Lacaita

Laserpitium siler

authorship: L.

Laserpitium siler var. angustifolium

authorship: Gaudin

Laserpitium siler var. ovalifolium

authorship: Moris

Laserpitium siler var. platypterum

authorship: Schmidely

Laserpitium trifoliatum

authorship: Sieber ex Spreng.

Siler lancifolium

authorship: Moench

codes: AUT FRA GER ITA SAR SPA SWI

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Italy

code: ITA

Sardegna

code: SAR

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 743 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: Гладыш шершавый

names:
laser siler
sermontain

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Cheilosia illustrata
Scaeva pyrastri
Thricops longipes
Thricops nigrifrons
Vespula germanica

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Cerceris rybyensis
Micropterix allionella

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

value: 1 m

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

published_in: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. iii. 60; ed. II. 185


slug: siloxerus-multiflorus

scientific: Siloxerus multiflorus

authorship: (Nees) Nees

genus: Siloxerus

epithet: multiflorus

family: Asteraceae

published_in: Austral.Syst.Bot.Newsletter 78:7 (1994) 244 1845

Actinopappus perpusillus

authorship: Hook.f. ex A.Gray

Pumilo argyrolepis

authorship: Schltdl.

Rutidosis pumilo

authorship: Benth.

Styloncerus multiflorus

authorship: Nees

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 682 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: annual

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: silphiodaucus-hispidus

scientific: Silphiodaucus hispidus

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak, Piwczyński & Reduron

genus: Silphiodaucus

epithet: hispidus

Caucalis hispida

authorship: Desf.

Daucus pilosus

authorship: Koso-Pol.

Laserpitium archangelica

authorship: Link

Laserpitium hispidum var. eriopodum

authorship: Boiss.

Laserpitium pilosum

authorship: Willd.

codes: NCS TCS TUR KRY UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 371 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Гладыш жёстковолосистый

names: Стародуб шорстковолосистий

value: Jun-Jul

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: silphiodaucus-prutenicus

scientific: Silphiodaucus prutenicus

authorship: (L.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak, Piwczyński & Reduron

epithet: prutenicus

Lacellia prutenica

authorship: Bubani

Laserpitium daucoides

authorship: Dufour ex DC.

Laserpitium dufourianum

authorship: Rouy & E.G.Camus

Laserpitium hirsutum

authorship: Gilib.

Laserpitium prutenicum

authorship: L.

name: Laserpitium prutenicum subsp. dufourianum

authorship: (Rouy & E.G.Camus) Braun-Blanq.

authorship: (Rouy & E.G.Camus) Tutin

Laserpitium prutenicum var. dufourianum

authorship: (Rouy & E.G.Camus) P.Fourn.

Laserpitium prutenicum var. glabratum

authorship: DC.

Laserpitium prutenicum var. glabrum

authorship: Wallr.

Laserpitium selinoides

authorship: Crantz

codes: AUT BLT BLR BUL RUC CZE RUE FRA GER HUN ITA YUG RUW POL POR ROM RUS SPA SWI UKR

Baltic States

code: BLT

Belarus

code: BLR

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Hungary

code: HUN

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Romania

code: ROM

lifeform: biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 351 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Гладыш прусский

names: Стародуб пруський

partners:
Andrena alutacea
Andrena ampla
Andrena floricola
Andrena nitidiuscula
Andrena nuptialis
Andrena pallitarsis
Andrena proxima
Andrena rosae

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Agapanthia dahlii
Agonopterix angelicella
Cavariella aegopodii
Depressaria libanotidella
Euleia heraclei
Kiefferia pericarpiicola
Lasioptera carophila
Liparus dirus

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: silphium-albiflorum

scientific: Silphium albiflorum

genus: Silphium

epithet: albiflorum

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xix. (1883) 4.

preferred: white rosinweed

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1472 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
white rosinweed
White compassplant

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 4


slug: silphium-asteriscus

scientific: Silphium asteriscus

epithet: asteriscus

preferred: starry rosinweed

Silphium angustum

authorship: Small

Silphium asperrimum

authorship: Hook.

Silphium asteriscus var. scabrum

authorship: Nutt.

Silphium atropurpureum

authorship: Retz. ex Willd.

Silphium dentatum

authorship: Elliott

Silphium dentatum var. angustatum

authorship: (A.Gray) L.M.Perry

Silphium dentatum var. gatesii

authorship: (C.Mohr) H.E.Ahles

Silphium glabrum

authorship: Eggert

Silphium incisum

authorship: Greene

Silphium laevigatum

authorship: Pursh

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MSI MSO NWY NCA OHI OKL PEN SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1027 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Agapostemon splendens
Halictus poeyi
Heliconius charithonia
Bombus pensylvanicus
Lasioglossum
Abaeis nicippe
Apis mellifera
Atalopedes huron

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Agapostemon splendens
Apis mellifera
Atalopedes huron
Bombus fraternus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus

partners:
Atalopedes huron
Bombus impatiens
Melissodes bimaculatus


slug: silphium-brachiatum

scientific: Silphium brachiatum

authorship: Gatt.

epithet: brachiatum

preferred: Cumberland rosinweed

codes: ALA GEO TEN

Alabama

code: ALA

Georgia

code: GEO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Gatt.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: silphium-compositum

scientific: Silphium compositum

authorship: Michx.

epithet: compositum

preferred: kidneyleaf rosinweed

Silphium compositum subsp. ovatifolium

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) C.R.Sweeney & T.R.Fisher

Silphium compositum subsp. reniforme

authorship: (Raf. ex Nutt.) C.R.Sweeney & T.R.Fisher

Silphium compositum subsp. venosum

authorship: (Small) C.R.Sweeney & T.R.Fisher

Silphium compositum var. ovatifolium

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Silphium compositum var. reniforme

authorship: (Raf.) Torr. & A.Gray

Silphium compositum var. venosum

authorship: (Small) Kartesz & Gandhi

Silphium ovatifolium

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Small

Silphium reniforme

authorship: Raf. ex Nutt.

codes: ALA FLA GEO NCA SCA TEN VRG WVA

Florida

code: FLA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1507 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
kidneyleaf rosinweed
kidney-leaf rosinweed

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Atrytone arogos
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Haplorhynchites aeneus
Hymenoptera
Papilio glaucus

partners:
Bombus rufocinctus
Megachile xylocopoides
Publilia modesta
Strymon melinus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus impatiens
Megachile xylocopoides
Ptilothrix bombiformis
Toxomerus marginatus

authors: Michx.

published_in: Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux) 2: 145


slug: silphium-integrifolium

scientific: Silphium integrifolium

epithet: integrifolium

preferred: wholeleaf rosinweed

Silphium integrifolium var. neglectum

authorship: Settle & T.R.Fisher

Silphium speciosum

authorship: Nutt.

codes: ALA ARK ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MIC MSI MSO NEB NWM OKL ONT SDA TEN TEX WIS WYO

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Michigan

code: MIC

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Mexico

code: NWM

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Wisconsin

code: WIS

Wyoming

code: WYO

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2014 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
wholeleaf rosinweed
Rosinweed

names: Сильфия цельнолистная

partners:
Aldrichia ehrmanii
Alydus pilosulus
Andrena polemonii
Apallates coxendix
Apoidea
Ashmeadiella bucconis
Bracon simplex
Centrinites strigicollis

partners:
Andrena accepta
Apis mellifera
Bombus auricomus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus vagans
Megachile inimica

partners:
Andrena helianthi
Antistrophus silphii
Apis mellifera
Augochlora pura
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Chlosyne nycteis
Epicauta funebris

partners:
Paraulacizes irrorata
Apis mellifera
Augochlora pura
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Dielis plumipes
Epargyreus clarus
Euodynerus hidalgo


slug: silphium-laciniatum

scientific: Silphium laciniatum

authorship: L.

epithet: laciniatum

preferred: compass plant

english:
compass plant
compassplant

source: inat

codes: ALA ARK ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWM NWY OHI OKL ONT PEN SDA TEN TEX WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Louisiana

code: LOU

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New York

code: NWY

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2010 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
compassplant
Compass Plant

names:
plante boussole
silphe lacinié

partners:
Agrilus difficilis
Andrena miserabilis
Andrena pruni
Apoidea
Bibio pallipes
Blepharipeza leucophrys
Bruchus discoideus
Carneades velleripennis

partners:
Bombus pensylvanicus
Melissodes bimaculatus
Agapostemon texanus
Agapostemon viridulus
Agrilus difficilis
Allograpta obliqua
Andrena miserabilis
Andrena pruni

quote: compass plant is a long lived perennial member of the sunflower or composite family (Asteraceae)

quote: Simple leaves have an alternate arrangement on the stem

quote: Large yellow flower heads (5 to 10 cm) are borne along the upper half to two thirds of the stem

quote: Flower blooming begins in late June and proceeds through August.

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: silphium-mohrii

scientific: Silphium mohrii

authorship: Small

epithet: mohrii

preferred: Mohr's rosinweed

Georgia

code: GEO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 152 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Сильфия Мора

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Triepeolus lunatus

authors: Small

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24(1): 493, t. 315

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: silphium-perfoliatum

scientific: Silphium perfoliatum

epithet: perfoliatum

preferred: cup plant

Silphium perfoliatum subsp. connatum

authorship: (L.) Cruden

Silphium scabrum

authorship: Moench

codes: ALA ARK CNT ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWJ NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT PEN SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

North Dakota

code: NDA

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2047 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Сильфия пронзеннолистная
Сильфия пронзённолистная

names: Сильфій пронизанолистий

partners:
Ancyloxypha numitor
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens

partners:
Bombus affinis
Bombus citrinus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus rufocinctus

partners:
Andrena helianthi
Apis mellifera
Araniella displicata
Arilus cristatus
Bombus
Bombus affinis
Bombus citrinus
Bombus griseocollis

partners:
Pieris rapae
Agapostemon virescens
Andrena helianthi
Apis mellifera
Atalopedes huron
Bombus
Bombus affinis
Bombus fraternus


slug: silphium-radula

scientific: Silphium radula

epithet: radula

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 341 (1840)

preferred: roughstem rosinweed

Silphium reverchonii

authorship: Bush

codes: ARK KAN LOU MSI MSO OKL TEX

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 758 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
roughstem rosinweed
roughleaf rosinweed

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Bombus pensylvanicus
Lerema accius
Schistocerca obscura
Svastra obliqua
Vanessa virginiensis

authors: Nutt.

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, 7: 341


slug: silphium-terebinthinaceum

scientific: Silphium terebinthinaceum

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: terebinthinaceum

preferred: prairie dock

english:
prairie dock
prairie rosinweed

Silphium chickamaugense

authorship: Canby

Silphium pinnatifidum

authorship: Elliott

name: Silphium terebinthinaceum var. lucy-brauniae

authorship: Steyerm.

name: Silphium terebinthinaceum var. terebinthinaceum

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALA ARK GEO ILL INI IOW KTY MIC MSI MSO NEB NWY NCA OHI ONT SCA TEN VRG WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

New York

code: NWY

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1920 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
prairie rosinweed
basal-leaf rosinweed

partners:
Aedes nigripes
Andrena pruni
Apallates coxendix
Calliphora vicina
Clytiomyia flava
Coelioxys modesta
Copromyza equina
Ennyomma globosa

partners:
Bombus pensylvanicus
Ammophila procera
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Aedes nigripes
Agapostemon sericeus

partners:
Danaus plexippus
Papilio glaucus
Polistes dominula
Publilia reticulata
Scleroracus anthracinus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus impatiens
Polistes dominula
Speyeria cybele


slug: silphium-wasiotense

scientific: Silphium wasiotense

authorship: Medley

epithet: wasiotense

preferred: Appalachian rosinweed

codes: KTY TEN

Kentucky

code: KTY

authors: Medley


slug: silvianthus-bracteatus

scientific: Silvianthus bracteatus

genus: Silvianthus

epithet: bracteatus

family: Carlemanniaceae

codes: CHC BAN EHM MYA

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

Bangladesh

code: BAN

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

lifeform: shrub

climate: wet tropical

names:
蜘蛛花
zhi zhu hua

value: woody

published_in: Hooker's Icon. Pl. 11: t. 1048


slug: silybum-eburneum

scientific: Silybum eburneum

authorship: Coss. & Durieu

genus: Silybum

epithet: eburneum

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 366 (1855)

preferred: Silver milk thistle

Silybum hispanicum

authorship: Loscos & J.Pardo

codes: ALG MOR TUN SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 90 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Silver milk thistle
Elephant Thistle

names: 象牙蓟 水飛象薊

names: Расторопша желтовато-белая

authors: Coss. & Durieu

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 366


slug: silybum-marianum

scientific: Silybum marianum

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

epithet: marianum

published_in: De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum 1791

preferred: milk thistle

english:
milk thistle
blessed milkthistle

Carduus lactifolius

authorship: Stokes

Carduus mariae

authorship: Crantz

Carduus versicolor

authorship: Salisb.

Carthamus maculatus

authorship: (Scop.) Lam.

Centaurea dalmatica

authorship: Fraas

Cirsium maculatum

authorship: Scop.

Mariana mariana

authorship: Hill

Silybum maculatum

authorship: (Scop.) Moench

Silybum mariae

authorship: Gray

Silybum marianum var. albiflorum

authorship: Eig

Silybum pygmaeum

authorship: Cass.

codes: ALG AZO CNY EGY ETH LBY MDR MOR TUN WSA AFG CYP EAI GST IRN IRQ KAZ KUW LBS NCS PAL SAU SIN TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB YEM IND NEP PAK WHM ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG POR SAR SIC SPA TUE

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Egypt

code: EGY

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Western Sahara

code: WSA

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Gulf States

code: GST

region: Arabian Peninsula

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kuwait

code: KUW

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Sinai

code: SIN

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1990 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Silymarin

activities: Anticirrhotic Antidiabetic Antierythemic Antihepatotic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene Antilipoperoxidant Antioxidant

Silybin

activities: Antihepatotoxic Antioxidant Cytoprotective RNA-genic

Taxifolin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antibacterial Anticomplementary Antihepatotoxic Antiherpetic Antiinflammatory Antimutagenic Antioxidant

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
blessed milkthistle
Blessed Milk Thistle

names: オオアザミ マリアアザミ

names: Розторопша плямиста

names: Γαιδουράγκαθο γαϊδουράγκαθο

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens
Andrena polita

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus pensylvanicus
Andrena
Battus philenor hirsuta
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus californicus
Bombus griseocollis

partners:
Agapanthia alternans
Agapanthia annularis
Agapanthia asphodeli
Agapanthia cardui
Agapanthia irrorata
Aiolopus strepens
Anacridium aegyptium
Andrena flavipes

partners:
Acanthiophilus helianthi
Brachycaudus cardui
Chloris chloris
Closterotomus norvegicus
Haemorhous mexicanus
Lema cyanella
Uroleucon aeneum
Vanessa virginiensis

partners:
Aprostocetus venustus
Bruchophagus timaspidis
Calosota obscura
Diglyphus begini
Eupelmus microzonus
Eurytoma
Eurytoma aspilus
Eurytoma cynipsea


slug: simarouba-amara

scientific: Simarouba amara

authorship: Aubl.

genus: Simarouba

epithet: amara

family: Simaroubaceae

Pistacia americana

authorship: Mill.

Quassia officinalis

authorship: Rich.

Simarouba amara var. opaca

authorship: Engl.

Simarouba amara var. puberula

authorship: Cuatrec.

Simarouba amara var. typica

authorship: Cronquist

Simarouba opaca

authorship: (Engl.) Radlk. ex F.Boas

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HON LEE NIC PAN PER SWC SUR TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

region: Caribbean

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Southwest Caribbean

code: SWC

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 180 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

partners:
Alouatta belzebul
Alouatta discolor
Alouatta palliata
Ateles belzebuth
Atteva floridana
Cebus capucinus
Geraeus
Lagothrix lagotricha


slug: simarouba-berteroana

scientific: Simarouba berteroana

authorship: Krug & Urb.

epithet: berteroana

codes: DOM HAI

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

lifeform: tree

names:
Aceituno
Juan Primero

value: tree

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Krug & Urb.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15(3): 306

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: simarouba-glauca

scientific: Simarouba glauca

authorship: DC.

epithet: glauca

published_in: Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. xvii. (1811) 424

preferred: paradisetree

Quassia glauca

authorship: (DC.) Spreng.

Simarouba glauca subsp. latifolia

authorship: (Cronquist) A.Noa

Simarouba medicinalis

authorship: Endl.

Simarouba officinalis

authorship: Macfad.

codes: FLA MXC MXG MXT MXS BAH BLZ COS CUB DOM ELS GUA HAI HON JAM NIC

Florida

code: FLA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Bahamas

code: BAH

Belize

code: BLZ

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Jamaica

code: JAM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 717 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

Stearic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Cosmetic FLavor Hypocholesterolemic Lubricant Perfumery Propecic Suppository

Glaucarubinone

activities: Amebicide Antifeedant Antileukemic Antimalarial Antiplasmodial Antitumor Insecticide Pesticide

Glaucarubolone

activities: Amebicide Antisarcomic Antitumor Antiviral Nematistat Pesticide

Glaucarubin

activities: Amebicide Antifeedant Antimalarial Pesticide

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names:
paradisetree
bitter ash

partners:
Alouatta pigra
Atteva floridana
Atteva punctella
Cebus capucinus
Patagioenas leucocephala
Trogon melanocephalus

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)


slug: simira-salvadorensis

scientific: Simira salvadorensis

authorship: (Standl.) Steyerm.

genus: Simira

epithet: salvadorensis

family: Rubiaceae

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard.  23: 307 (1972)

Calderonia salvadorensis

authorship: Standl.

Sickingia lancifolia

authorship: Lundell

Sickingia salvadorensis

authorship: (Standl.) Standl.

Simira lancifolia

authorship: (Lundell) E.Martínez & Borhidi

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ ELS GUA HON

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

value: phanerophyte

authors: (Standl.) Steyerm.

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 307


slug: simmondsia-chinensis

scientific: Simmondsia chinensis

authorship: (Link) C.K.Schneid.

genus: Simmondsia

epithet: chinensis

family: Simmondsiaceae

published_in: Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 141. 1907.

preferred: jojoba

Brocchia dichotoma

authorship: Mauri

Buxus californica

authorship: Hort ex Baill.

Buxus chinensis

authorship: Link

Simmondsia californica

authorship: Nutt.

Simmondsia pabulosa

authorship: Kellogg

codes: ARI CAL MXE MXN NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

California

code: CAL

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Utah

code: UTA

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1961 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Baccharis pilularis

slug: baccharis-pilularis

activities: Antibacterial Pesticide

names: jojoba goatnut

names: Симмондсия китайская

names: jojoobipõõsas simmondsia

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Apis mellifera
Artemisiospiza
Auriparus flaviceps
Chlosyne californica
Danaus gilippus
Glaucopsyche lygdamus australis
Hyles lineata

partners:
Callipepla gambelii
Chaetodipus baileyi

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

label: Growth form

value: Multiple Stem

label: Growth rate

value: moderate

value: 4 m

value: evergreen

published_in: Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. [C.K.Schneider] 2: 141


slug: simplicia-buchananii

scientific: Simplicia buchananii

authorship: (Zotov) Zotov

genus: Simplicia

epithet: buchananii

family: Poaceae

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot. 9: 542 (1971)

Poa uniflora

authorship: Buchanan

Simplicia laxa var. buchananii

authorship: Zotov

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

New Zealand South

code: NZS

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

value: herb

authors: Zotov

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot. 9(3): 542, nom. nov


slug: simplicia-felix

scientific: Simplicia felix

authorship: de Lange, J.R.Rolfe, Smissen & Ogle

epithet: felix

codes: NZN NZS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

authors: de Lange, J.R.Rolfe, Smissen & Ogle

published_in: PhytoKeys 75: 136


slug: simpsonanthus-jonesii

scientific: Simpsonanthus jonesii

authorship: (A.Gray) Guilliams, Hasenstab & B.G.Baldwin

genus: Simpsonanthus

epithet: jonesii

family: Boraginaceae

preferred: Mojave popcornflower

source: usda

Sonnea jonesii

authorship: (A.Gray) Greene

codes: ARI CAL MXN NEV UTA

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 184 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: non-woody

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol PLJO

license: public domain


slug: simsia-amplexicaulis

scientific: Simsia amplexicaulis

authorship: (Cav.) Pers.

genus: Simsia

epithet: amplexicaulis

Coreopsis amplexicaulis

authorship: Cav.

Encelia amplexicaulis

authorship: (Cav.) Hemsl.

Encelia cordata

authorship: Hemsl.

Encelia heterophylla

authorship: (Kunth) Hemsl.

Encelia mexicana

authorship: Mart. ex DC.

Helianthus amplexicaulis

authorship: (Cav.) DC.

Helianthus sericeus

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Simsia amplexicaulis var. decipiens

authorship: (S.F.Blake) S.F.Blake

Simsia auriculata

authorship: DC.

Simsia cordata

authorship: Cass.

Simsia heterophylla

authorship: (Kunth) DC.

Simsia schaffneri

authorship: Sch.Bip. ex A.Gray

Ximenesia cordata

authorship: Kunth

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS GUA HON

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

lifeform: annual

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 979 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Andrena discreta
Coelioxys pratti
Melissodes
Apis mellifera
Archonias teutila
Calligrapha piceicollis
Chlosyne ehrenbergii
Colias eurytheme

source: GIFT

authors: Pers.

published_in: Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2(2): 478


slug: simsia-annectens

scientific: Simsia annectens

epithet: annectens

published_in: Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 43 (1917)

Simsia grayi

authorship: Sch.Bip. ex S.F.Blake

codes: MXC MXE MXT MXS

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

published_in: Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 43


slug: simsia-calva

scientific: Simsia calva

epithet: calva

preferred: awnless bushsunflower

Barrattia calva

authorship: A.Gray & Engelm.

Encelia calva

authorship: (A.Gray & Engelm.) A.Gray

Encelia subaristata

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray ex Hemsl.

codes: MXG MXE NWM TEX

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1273 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
awnless bushsunflower
awnless bush-sunflower

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Acmaeodera flavomarginata
Battus philenor
Calephelis nemesis
Danaus plexippus
Eurema lisa
Gesta gesta invisus
Hemiargus ceraunus

partners:
Acmaeodera mixta
Bombus sonorus
Chlosyne lacinia
Dactylotum bicolor
Danaus plexippus
Euphoria sepulcralis
Euptoieta claudia
Junonia coenia

partners:
Acmaeodera flavomarginata
Atteva punctella
Battus philenor
Callicista columella istapa
Danaus gilippus
Danaus plexippus
Euphoria sepulcralis
Eurema lisa

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

value: subshrub

value: forb/herb

source: derived from USDA NRCS plant guide

quote: Awnless bushsunflower is a native, semi-woody perennial forb.

quote: Plants stand 1 ½ to 3 feet tall

value: perennial

label: Flower colour

value: yellow

quote: The flower is 1 to 1½ inches wide with yellow petals and a yellowish center.

label: Phenology

value: Flowering occurs from April through the October

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6(2): 228

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: simsia-eurylepis

scientific: Simsia eurylepis

epithet: eurylepis

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 382 (1913)

codes: MXG MXE MXT

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 382

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: simsia-foetida

scientific: Simsia foetida

authorship: (Cav.) S.F.Blake

epithet: foetida

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 385 (1913)

Coreopsis foetida

authorship: Cav.

Encelia adenophora

authorship: Greenm.

Encelia adenophora var. nigromaculata

authorship: Miranda

Encelia grandiflora

authorship: (Benth. ex Oerst.) Hemsl.

Encelia polycephala

authorship: (Benth.) Hemsl.

Simsia adenophora

authorship: (Greenm.) S.F.Blake

Simsia ficifolia

authorship: Pers.

Simsia polycephala

authorship: Benth. ex Oerst.

Ximenesia foetida

authorship: (Cav.) Spreng.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BOL COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 76 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

authors: (Cav.) S.F.Blake

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: simsia-sanguinea

scientific: Simsia sanguinea

epithet: sanguinea

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 107 (1852)

Cosmos hintonii

authorship: Sherff

Encelia sanguinea

authorship: Hemsl.

Helianthus hastatus

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Simsia sanguinea subsp. albida

authorship: (S.F.Blake) S.F.Blake

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS ELS GUA

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Guatemala

code: GUA

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Woodiness

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 107

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: sinacalia-tangutica

scientific: Sinacalia tangutica

authorship: (Maxim.) B.Nord.

genus: Sinacalia

epithet: tangutica

Cacalia tangutica

authorship: (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz.

Ligularia tangutica

authorship: (Maxim.) Mattf. ex Rehder & Kobuski

authorship: (Maxim.) Ling

Senecillis tangutica

authorship: (Maxim.) Kitam.

Senecio henryi

authorship: Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.

Senecio tanguticus

authorship: Maxim.

Sinacalia henryi

authorship: (Hemsl.) H.Rob. & Brettell

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHI CHQ

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Qinghai

code: CHQ

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 华蟹宁（羽裂蟹甲草） 华蟹甲

names: Синакалия тангутская

names:
Chinagreiskraut
Tungusisches Greiskraut

names: Hamnskräppa Köldsyra

names:
Butbladet Skræppe
Fliget brandbæger

names: huiskunauhus Kilpisuolaheinä

names: (fliksvineblom) gullstav

names: Amerikahøymole Byhøymole

names: gullstav (fliksvineblom)

value: hemicryptophyte

value: 2 m

label: Life cycle

value: Aug-Sep

authors: (Maxim.) B.Nord.

published_in: Opera Bot. 44: 15

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinapidendron-angustifolium

scientific: Sinapidendron angustifolium

authorship: (DC.) Lowe

genus: Sinapidendron

epithet: angustifolium

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Man. Fl. Madeira 1: 30 (1857)

Brassica angustifolia

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Sinapidendron salicifolium

authorship: Lowe

Sinapis angustifolia

authorship: DC.

Madeira

code: MDR

lifeform: subshrub

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 114 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

authors: Lowe

published_in: Man. Fl. Madeira 1(1): 30

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinapidendron-frutescens

scientific: Sinapidendron frutescens

epithet: frutescens

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4: 37 (1831)

Brassica flutescens

authorship: Sol. ex DC.

name: Sinapidendron frutescens var. frutescens

name: Sinapidendron frutescens var. succulentum

Sinapis frutescens

authorship: Aiton

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4(1): 37

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: sinapidendron-rupestre

scientific: Sinapidendron rupestre

epithet: rupestre

Sinapidendron gymnocalyx

authorship: (Lowe) Rustan

Sinapis rupestris

authorship: Steud.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 163 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: sinapis-alba

scientific: Sinapis alba

authorship: L.

genus: Sinapis

epithet: alba

preferred: white mustard

english:
white mustard
yellow mustard

source: wikidata

Bonannia dissecta

authorship: (Lag.) C.Presl

Brassica alba

authorship: (L.) Rabenh.

Brassica dissecta

authorship: (Lag.) Boiss.

Brassica foliosa

authorship: Willd.

Brassica hirta

authorship: Moench

Crucifera dissecta

authorship: (Lag.) E.H.L.Krause

Eruca alba

authorship: (L.) Noulet

Leucosinapis alba

authorship: (L.) Spach

Leucosinapis dissecta

authorship: (Lag.) Zelený

Napus leucosinapsis

authorship: K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.

Raphanus albus

authorship: (L.) Crantz

Rhamphospermum album

authorship: (L.) Andrz. ex Rchb.

Rorippa coloradensis

authorship: Stuckey

Sinapis alba var. melanosperma

authorship: Alef.

Sinapis dissecta

authorship: Lag.

Sinapis ucranica

authorship: Czern. ex Turcz.

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN AFG ALT CHN CHC CHS CYP EAI IRN IRQ KRA LBS CHM NCS PAL CHQ SAU TCS TKM TVA TUR UZB WSB CHX LAO VIE WHM ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR DEN RUE FRA GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG NET RUW NOR POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Manchuria

code: CHM

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Tuva

code: TVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1638 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

Alpha-linolenic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Antihypertensive Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Antimenorrhagic Antimetastatic Antiprostatitic

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

names: Горчица белая

names: Гірчиця біла

names: Αγριόβρουβα Λαψανίδα

partners:
Lasioglossum marginatum
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena barbilabris
Andrena bicolor
Andrena bicolorata
Andrena chrysosceles
Andrena cineraria

partners:
Apis mellifera
Andrena haemorrhoa
Pieris rapae
Andrena barbilabris
Andrena chrysosceles
Andrena cineraria
Andrena dorsata
Andrena flavipes

partners:
Andrena barbilabris
Andrena carantonica
Andrena chrysosceles
Andrena cineraria
Andrena dorsata
Andrena flavipes
Andrena fucata
Andrena haemorrhoa

partners:
Pieris rapae
Tenthredo baetica
Adalia bipunctata
Agrotis segetum
Aphis gossypii
Athalia liberta
Aulacobaris caerulescens
Aulacobaris cuprirostris

partners:
Heterodera schachtii
Necremnus aenigmaticus

partners:
Aphanomyces raphani
Sinapis alba cryptic virus 1


slug: sinapis-pubescens

scientific: Sinapis pubescens

authorship: L.

epithet: pubescens

codes: ALG LBY TUN ALB FRA ITA SAR SIC

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

value: annual

authors: L.

published_in: Mant. Pl. 95

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinclairia-andrieuxii

scientific: Sinclairia andrieuxii

authorship: (DC.) H.Rob. & Brettell

genus: Sinclairia

epithet: andrieuxii

Liabum andrieuxii

authorship: (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.

Megaliabum andrieuxii

authorship: (DC.) Rydb.

Vernonia andrieuxii

authorship: DC.

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

value: woody

authors: (DC.) H.Rob. & Brettell

published_in: Phytologia 28: 60

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinclairia-angustissima

scientific: Sinclairia angustissima

authorship: (A.Gray) B.L.Turner

epithet: angustissima

Liabellum angustissimum

authorship: Rydb.

codes: MXC MXE MXS

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

authors: (A.Gray) B.L.Turner

published_in: Phytologia 67: 205

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: sinclairia-discolor

scientific: Sinclairia discolor

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

epithet: discolor

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. : 433 (1841)

Liabum discolor

authorship: Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

lifeform: epiphyte

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

value: shrub

value: liana

value: tree

value: vine

value: epiphyte

authors: Hook. & Arn.

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. 433


slug: sinclairia-liebmannii

scientific: Sinclairia liebmannii

authorship: (Klatt) Sch.Bip. ex Rydb.

epithet: liebmannii

published_in: North American Flora 34(4): 300 1927

Liabum liebmannii

authorship: Klatt

authors: Sch.Bip. ex Klatt

published_in: Leopoldina 23: 146

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: sinclairia-palmeri

scientific: Sinclairia palmeri

epithet: palmeri

codes: MXC MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

value: herb

value: graminoid

published_in: Phytologia 67: 203


slug: sinclairia-vagans

scientific: Sinclairia vagans

authorship: (S.F.Blake) H.Rob. & Brettell

epithet: vagans

codes: MXT GUA

lifeform: shrub or tree

authors: (S.F.Blake) H.Rob. & Brettell

published_in: Phytologia 28: 62

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-allagophylla

scientific: Sinningia allagophylla

authorship: (Mart.) Wiehler

genus: Sinningia

epithet: allagophylla

family: Gesneriaceae

Alagophylla dasyanthes

authorship: Raf.

Corytholoma allagophyllum

authorship: (Mart.) Fritsch

Corytholoma tribracteatum

authorship: (Otto & A.Dietr.) Fritsch

Gesneria allagophylla

authorship: Mart.

Gesneria betonicifolia

authorship: Hort. ex Hanst.

Gesneria clausseniana

authorship: Brongn. ex Decne.

Gesneria tribracteata

authorship: Otto & A.Dietr.

Orobanche hirta

authorship: Vell.

Rechsteineria allagophylla

authorship: (Mart.) Regel

Rechsteineria claussenii

authorship: (Brongn. ex Decne.) Decne.

Rechsteineria spicata

authorship: (Vell.) Hoehne

authorship: Kumm. ex Hanst.

Rechsteineria tribracteata

authorship: (Otto & A.Dietr.) Klotzsch ex Hanst.

name: Rechsteineria tribracteata f. basifoliata

authorship: Hoehne

Sinningia tribracteata

authorship: (Otto & A.Dietr.) Wiehler

codes: AGE BZS BZL BZC PAR URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 144 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Chlorostilbon lucidus
Clytolaema rubricauda
Colibri serrirostris
Leucochloris albicollis
Stephanoxis lalandi
Thalurania glaucopis

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: non-woody

value: geophyte

value: lithophyte

authors: (Mart.) Wiehler

published_in: Selbyana 1: 32

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-bulbosa

scientific: Sinningia bulbosa

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Wiehler

epithet: bulbosa

Coptocheile macrorrhiza

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Corytholoma bulbosum

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Fritsch

Dircaea fascialis

authorship: (Hook.) Decne.

Dircaea suttonii

authorship: (Booth ex Lindl.) Lem.

Dircaea vauthieri

authorship: (DC.) Decne.

Gesneria affinis

authorship: Hort. Petropolitanus

Gesneria bulbosa

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Gesneria bulbosa subsp. dentata

authorship: (Hornsch.) Walp.

Gesneria bulbosa var. dentata

authorship: (Hornsch.) Klotzsch

Gesneria bulbosa var. faucialis

authorship: (Lindl.) Klotzsch

Gesneria bulbosa var. macrorrhiza

authorship: (Dumort.) Klotzsch

Gesneria bulbosa var. splendens

authorship: Klotzsch

Gesneria bulbosa var. suttonii

authorship: (Booth ex Lindl.) Klotzsch

Gesneria dentata

authorship: Hornsch.

Gesneria fascialis

authorship: Hook.

Gesneria faucialis

authorship: Lindl.

Gesneria latifolia var. gaudichaudi

authorship: DC.

Gesneria lobulata

authorship: Hort.Berol. ex Hanst.

Gesneria macrorrhiza

authorship: Dumort.

Gesneria suttoni

authorship: Booth ex Lindl.

Isoloma bulbosum

authorship: Baill.

Rechsteineria bulbosa

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria dentata

authorship: (Hornsch.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria faucialis

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria macrorhiza

authorship: (Dumort.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria macrorrhiza

authorship: Kuntze

Rechsteineria suttonii

authorship: (Booth ex Lindl.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria vauthieri

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Sinningia macrorrhiza

authorship: (Dumort.) Wiehler

Brazil Southeast

region: Brazil

authors: (Ker Gawl.) Wiehler

published_in: Selbyana 5: 72

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-elatior

scientific: Sinningia elatior

authorship: (Kunth) Chautems

epithet: elatior

Corytholoma elatius

authorship: (Kunth) Fritsch

Corytholoma fragile

authorship: (Poepp.) Decne.

Corytholoma igneum

authorship: (Mart.) Fritsch

Corytholoma igneum var. villosum

authorship: Fritsch

Corytholoma paludosum

authorship: Rusby

Corytholoma strictum

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Decne.

Gesneria elatior

authorship: Kunth

Gesneria fragilis

authorship: Poepp.

Gesneria sceptroides

authorship: Hanst.

Gesneria sceptrum var. igneum

authorship: Mart.

Gesneria stachydifolia

authorship: Benth.

Gesneria stricta

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Isoloma elatior

authorship: (Kunth) Decne.

Isoloma elatius

authorship: Decne.

Rechsteineria elatior

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Rechsteineria ignea var. anomala

authorship: Hoehne

Rechsteineria ignea var. villosa

authorship: (Fritsch) Fritsch

Rechsteineria sceptroides

authorship: (Hanst.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria sceptrum var. rubra

authorship: (Mart.) Hoehne

Rechsteineria stachydifolia

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria stricta

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Hanst.

Sinningia stricta

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Wiehler

codes: AGE BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM PAR PER URU VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Colombia

code: CLM

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Leucochloris albicollis
Number of flowers
Phaethornis eurynome

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Leucochloris albicollis
Phaethornis eurynome


slug: sinningia-gigantifolia

scientific: Sinningia gigantifolia

authorship: Chautems

epithet: gigantifolia

Corytholoma discolor

authorship: (Lindl.) Voss

Gesneria discolor

authorship: Lindl.

Gesneria polyantha

authorship: Hook.

Rechsteineria discolor

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

partners:
Number of flowers
Phaethornis eurynome
Phaethornis squalidus

value: subshrub

authors: Chautems

published_in: Candollea 45(1): 384

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-incarnata

scientific: Sinningia incarnata

authorship: (Aubl.) D.L.Denham

epithet: incarnata

Besleria incarnata

authorship: Aubl.

Corytholoma caracasanum

authorship: (Otto & A.Dietr.) Decne.

Corytholoma chelonioides

authorship: (Kunth) Regel

Corytholoma chelonoides

authorship: Regel

Corytholoma ellipticum

authorship: (Hook.) Decne.

Corytholoma gracile

authorship: Brongn. ex Regel

authorship: Brongn. ex Decne.

Corytholoma rutilum

authorship: (Lindl.) Decne.

Corytholoma warscewiczii

authorship: Standl.

Corytholoma warszewiczii

authorship: (C.D.Bouché & Hanst.) Standl.

Fimbrolina incarnata

authorship: (Aubl.) Raf.

Gesneria aurantiaca

authorship: Hanst.

Gesneria caracasana

authorship: Otto & A.Dietr.

Gesneria chelonioides

authorship: Kunth

Gesneria coccinea

authorship: Hort. Germanicus ex Hanst.

Gesneria gracilis

authorship: (Brongn. ex Regel) Hanst.

Gesneria lindeniana

authorship: Brongn.

Gesneria punctata

authorship: Hort. ex Hanst.

authorship: Hort. ex Decne.

Gesneria vargasii

authorship: DC.

Gesneria warszewiczii

authorship: C.D.Bouché & Hanst.

Rechsteineria caracasana

authorship: (Otto & A.Dietr.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria elliptica

authorship: (Hook.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria gracilis

authorship: (Brongn. ex Regel) Kuntze

Rechsteineria incarnata

authorship: (Aubl.) Leeuwenb.

Rechsteineria vargasii

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Rechsteineria warczewiczii

authorship: Kuntze

Rechsteineria warszewiczii

authorship: (C.D.Bouché & Hanst.) Kuntze

Sinningia warszewiczii

authorship: (C.D.Bouché & Hanst.) H.E.Moore

codes: MXG MXT MXS BZN BZE CLM COS ELS FRG GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 107 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-lutea

scientific: Sinningia lutea

authorship: Buzatto & R.B.Singer

epithet: lutea

Brazil South

code: BZS

value: perennial

authors: Buzatto & R.B.Singer

published_in: Brittonia 64(2): 109

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-polyantha

scientific: Sinningia polyantha

authorship: (DC.) Wiehler

epithet: polyantha

lifeform: tuberous geophyte or lithophyte

authors: (DC.) Wiehler

published_in: Selbyana 5: 383

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-sellovii

scientific: Sinningia sellovii

authorship: (Mart.) Wiehler

epithet: sellovii

Corytholoma sellovii

authorship: (Mart.) Kuntze

Gesneria coccinea

authorship: Rojas

Gesneria sellovii

authorship: Mart.

Rechsteineria ramboi

authorship: Hoehne

codes: AGE BOL BZS BZC PAR URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

lifeform: tuberous lithophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sinningia-tubiflora

scientific: Sinningia tubiflora

authorship: (Hook.) Fritsch

epithet: tubiflora

Achimenes tubiflora

authorship: (Hook.) Britton

Dolichodeira tubiflora

authorship: (Hook.) Hanst.

Gesneria tubiflora

authorship: Endl.

authorship: (Hook.) Griseb.

Gloxinia tubiflora

authorship: Hook.

Houttea tubiflora

authorship: (Hook.) Heynh.

codes: AGE AGW PAR URU

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Fritsch

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 4, Abt. 3b: 182

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: sinopanax-formosanus

scientific: Sinopanax formosanus

authorship: (Hayata) H.L.Li

genus: Sinopanax

epithet: formosanus

family: Araliaceae

Brassaiopsis formosana

authorship: (Hayata) T.Yamaz.

Oreopanax formosanus

authorship: Hayata

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 160 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names: 华参 華參

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: (Hayata) H.L.Li

published_in: J. Arnold Arbor. 30: 231

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sipanea-pratensis

scientific: Sipanea pratensis

authorship: Aubl.

genus: Sipanea

epithet: pratensis

published_in: Hist. Pl. Guiane : 148 (1775)

Ptychodea pedunculata

authorship: Willd. ex Cham. & Schltdl.

Sipanea colombiana

authorship: Wernham

Sipanea coppenamensis

authorship: Bremek.

Sipanea dichotoma

authorship: Kunth

Sipanea hispida

authorship: Spruce ex K.Schum.

Sipanea pratensis f. brachycarpa

authorship: Steyerm.

Sipanea trichantha

authorship: Miq.

Virecta dichotoma

authorship: Spreng.

Virecta pratensis

authorship: (Aubl.) Vahl

codes: BOL BZN BZL BZC CLM FRG GUY SUR TRT VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Colombia

code: CLM

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

region: Caribbean

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 251 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Visited by

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

label: Life form

value: chamaephyte

authors: Aubl.

published_in: Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 147, t. 56


slug: sipanea-wilson-brownei

scientific: Sipanea wilson-brownei

authorship: Cowan

epithet: wilson-brownei

codes: BZN FRG GUY VEN

French Guiana

code: FRG

Venezuela

code: VEN

published_in: Brittonia 7: 412

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: siparuna-aspera

scientific: Siparuna aspera

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) A.DC.

genus: Siparuna

epithet: aspera

family: Siparunaceae

Citrosma aspera

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

Citrosma limoniodora

authorship: Pav. ex Tul.

Siparuna ecuadorica

authorship: Heilb.

Siparuna exsculpta

authorship: Perkins

Siparuna insculpta

authorship: Perkins ex Ule

Siparuna pyricarpa

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

Siparuna rimbachii

authorship: Standl.

codes: BOL CLM ECU PER VEN

Ecuador

code: ECU

Peru

code: PER

names:
Higo de monte
Tsuna nayap

label: Eaten by

partners:
Anisognathus somptuosus
Catharus ustulatus
Cyanocorax yncas
Diglossa albilatera
Elaenia albiceps
Iridosornis analis
Myadestes ralloides
Patagioenas fasciata

label: Height

published_in: Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2.2): 645

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siparuna-brasiliensis

scientific: Siparuna brasiliensis

authorship: (Spreng.) A.DC.

epithet: brasiliensis

Citrosma apiosyce

authorship: Mart. ex Tul.

Citrosma erythrocarpa

authorship: Tul.

Citrosma obovata

authorship: Gardner

Siparuna apiosyce var. ruficeps

authorship: (Tul.) Perkins

Siparuna cordata

authorship: Tolm.

Siparuna cujabana var. plebeia

authorship: (Tul.) A.DC.

codes: BZE BZL BZC

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: limoeiro-bravo negra-mina

value: 7 m

label: Leaf retention

value: evergreen

published_in: Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2.2): 656


slug: siparuna-gesnerioides

scientific: Siparuna gesnerioides

authorship: (Kunth) A.DC.

epithet: gesnerioides

Citrosma gesnerioides

authorship: Kunth

Siparuna austromexicana

authorship: Lorence

codes: MXG MXT MXS CLM COS PAN VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: scrambling shrub or tree

label: Least Concern

value: woody

published_in: Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2.2): 646


slug: siparuna-grandiflora

scientific: Siparuna grandiflora

authorship: (Kunth) Perkins

epithet: grandiflora

codes: MXG MXT MXS BOL BZN CLM COS ECU GUA HON NIC PAN PER

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

names:
Jimiáj jimiáj
Monkamo

partners:
Catharus fuscescens
Catharus minimus
Catharus ustulatus
Dumetella carolinensis
Empidonax traillii
Empidonax virescens
Geothlypis formosa
Helmitheros vermivorum

value: shrub

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Perkins

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28(5): 685

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siparuna-guianensis

scientific: Siparuna guianensis

authorship: Aubl.

epithet: guianensis

published_in: Hist. Pl. Guiane : 865 (1775)

Angelina divergentifolia

authorship: Pohl ex Tul.

Citriosma discolor

authorship: Poepp. & Endl.

Citriosma guianensis

authorship: (Aubl.) Tul.

name: Citrosma guianensis var. divergentifolia

authorship: (Pohl ex Tul.) Tul.

Citrosma guianensis var. nuda

authorship: (Tul.) Tul.

Citrosma oligocarpa

authorship: Mart. ex A.DC.

Siparuna cavalcantei

authorship: Jangoux

Siparuna discolor

authorship: (Poepp. & Endl.) A.DC.

name: Siparuna guianensis var. divergentifolia

authorship: (Pohl ex Tul.) A.DC.

Siparuna guianensis var. nitens

authorship: Kuntze

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS ECU FRG GUY NIC PAN PAR PER SUR TRT VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Guyana

code: GUY

Paraguay

code: PAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 180 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Cafezinho Café-do-mato

partners:
Brachyteles arachnoides
Brachyteles hypoxanthus
Callithrix flaviceps
Emadiana cuprea
Sapajus nigritus
Antilophia galeata
Arremon flavirostris
Ateles marginatus


slug: siparuna-pauciflora

scientific: Siparuna pauciflora

authorship: (Beurl.) A.DC.

epithet: pauciflora

Citrosma pauciflora

authorship: Beurl.

Siparuna cauliflora

authorship: Hemsl.

codes: CLM COS NIC PAN PER

Colombia

code: CLM

Peru

code: PER

names: Сипаруна малоцветковая

partners:
Cebus capucinus
Gypona arunda
Turdus grayi


slug: siparuna-thecaphora

scientific: Siparuna thecaphora

epithet: thecaphora

Citrosma andina

authorship: Tul.

Siparuna andina

authorship: (Tul.) A.DC.

Siparuna colimensis

authorship: Perkins

Siparuna macra

authorship: Standl.

Siparuna manarae

authorship: Steyerm.

Siparuna nigra

authorship: Rusby

Siparuna pubancura

authorship: S.S.Renner & Hausner

Siparuna riparia var. grandiflora

authorship: Perk.

Siparuna stellulata var. manarae

authorship: (Steyerm.) Steyerm.

Siparuna sumichrastii

authorship: (A.DC.) Perkins

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN BZC CLM COS ECU GUA HON NIC PAN PER VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Belize

code: BLZ

Ecuador

code: ECU

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 149 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: siphocampylus-andinus

scientific: Siphocampylus andinus

authorship: Britton

genus: Siphocampylus

epithet: andinus

family: Campanulaceae

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 373 (1892)

name: Siphocampylus andinus var. elegantissimus

lifeform: climbing shrub

authors: Britton

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19(12): 373

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: siphocampylus-argentinus

scientific: Siphocampylus argentinus

authorship: (Griseb.) Hieron. ex E.Wimm.

epithet: argentinus

published_in: Revista Sudamer. Bot. 2: 99 (1935)

Centropogon argentinus

authorship: Griseb.

name: Siphocampylus argentinus var. cuspidatus

name: Siphocampylus argentinus var. hirticorollinus

codes: AGW BOL

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Griseb.) Hieron. ex E.Wimm.

published_in: Revista Sudamer. Bot. 2: 99


slug: siphocampylus-benthamianus

scientific: Siphocampylus benthamianus

authorship: Walp.

epithet: benthamianus

Siphocampylus cordifolius

authorship: Benth.

authors: Walp.

published_in: Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 379


slug: siphocampylus-columnae

scientific: Siphocampylus columnae

epithet: columnae

codes: CLM ECU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 106 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Coeligena helianthea
Colibri coruscans
Diglossa cyanea
Diglossa humeralis
Eriocnemis cupreoventris
Eriocnemis vestita
Lafresnaya lafresnayi
Lesbia nuna

published_in: Gen. Hist. 3: 701


slug: siphocampylus-convolvulaceus

scientific: Siphocampylus convolvulaceus

authorship: (Cham.) G.Don

epithet: convolvulaceus

Lobelia convolvulacea

authorship: Cham.

name: Siphocampylus convolvulaceus var. weirianus

authorship: (E.Wimm.) E.Wimm.

codes: BZS BZL

partners:
Number of flowers
Phaethornis eurinome
Phaethornis eurynome
Thalurania glaucopis

published_in: Gen. Hist. 3: 703

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siphocampylus-cordatus

scientific: Siphocampylus cordatus

authorship: (Willd.) E.Wimm.

epithet: cordatus

Dortmanna cordata

authorship: (Willd. ex Schult.) Kuntze

Lobelia cordata

authorship: Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Lobelia volubilis

authorship: Kunth

codes: CLM VEN

authors: (Willd.) E.Wimm.

published_in: Pflanzenr. IV, 276b (Heft 107): 346


slug: siphocampylus-ecuadorensis

scientific: Siphocampylus ecuadorensis

epithet: ecuadorensis

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 209 (1926)

Siphocampylus exuberans

authorship: McVaugh

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 209, pl. 32, fig. 15


slug: siphocampylus-foliosus

scientific: Siphocampylus foliosus

epithet: foliosus

published_in: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 201. 1874

name: Siphocampylus foliosus var. diversifolius

authorship: (Hicken) A.Pontiroli

authorship: (Hicken) Pontir.

Siphocampylus foliosus var. minor

authorship: Zahlbr. ex Kuntze

Siphocampylus foliosus var. subcanus

authorship: Zahlbr. ex E.Wimm.

name: Siphocampylus tupiformis var. diversifolius

authorship: Hicken

codes: AGE AGW BOL CLM PER

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 92 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Griseb.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siphocampylus-giganteus

scientific: Siphocampylus giganteus

authorship: (Cav.) G.Don

epithet: giganteus

Lobelia gigantea

authorship: Cav.

name: Siphocampylus giganteus var. angustifolius

authorship: Vatke

codes: CLM ECU PER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 428 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Aliso Can

partners:
Aglaeactis cupripennis
Chalcostigma herrani
Coeligena lutetiae
Eriocnemis derbyi
Eriocnemis mosquera
Pterophanes cyanopterus

value: variable

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

published_in: Gen. Hist. 3: 702

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siphocampylus-krauseanus

scientific: Siphocampylus krauseanus

epithet: krauseanus

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 16 (1929)

names: Сифокампилюс Краузе

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 16, pl. 72, fig. 17

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: siphocampylus-longibracteolatus

scientific: Siphocampylus longibracteolatus

epithet: longibracteolatus

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 258 (1924)


slug: siphocampylus-lucidus

scientific: Siphocampylus lucidus

epithet: lucidus

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 391 (1924)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 115 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 391

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siphocampylus-nematosepalus

scientific: Siphocampylus nematosepalus

epithet: nematosepalus

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 22 (1935)

authors: (Donn.Sm.) E.Wimm.

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 22

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: siphocampylus-nemoralis

scientific: Siphocampylus nemoralis

authorship: Griseb.

epithet: nemoralis

published_in: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 201 (1874)

name: Siphocampylus nemoralis var. grisebachii

Bolivia

code: BOL

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: siphocampylus-orbignianus

scientific: Siphocampylus orbignianus

epithet: orbignianus

name: Siphocampylus orbignianus var. discurrens

Siphocampylus volubilis

authorship: Britton

published_in: Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7(2): 405


slug: siphocampylus-retrorsus

scientific: Siphocampylus retrorsus

authorship: (Willd. ex Schult.) Vatke

epithet: retrorsus

Dortmanna retrorsa

authorship: (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze

Lobelia retrorsa

authorship: Willd.

Siphocampylus asper

authorship: Benth.

Siphocampylus eximius

authorship: Planch.

Siphocampylus reflexifolius

authorship: Zahlbr.

Siphocampylus retrorsus var. asper

authorship: (Benth.) E.Wimm.

climate: montane tropical

authors: Vatke

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siphocampylus-verticillatus

scientific: Siphocampylus verticillatus

authorship: (Cham.) G.Don

epithet: verticillatus

Lobelia verticillata

authorship: Cham.

name: Siphocampylus verticillatus f. latifolia

name: Siphocampylus verticillatus f. longifolia

name: Siphocampylus verticillatus var. grandiflorens

name: Siphocampylus verticillatus var. typicus

codes: AGE BZS BZL PAR URU

Uruguay

code: URU

lifeform: helophyte

value: helophyte

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: siphocodon-debilis

scientific: Siphocodon debilis

authorship: Schltr.

genus: Siphocodon

epithet: debilis

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

authors: Schltr.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24(3): 447

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: siphocodon-spartioides

scientific: Siphocodon spartioides

authorship: Turcz.

epithet: spartioides

published_in: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 176 (1852)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 84 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Turcz.

published_in: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(2): 176

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: siphonandra-elliptica

scientific: Siphonandra elliptica

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav. ex G.Don) Klotzsch

genus: Siphonandra

epithet: elliptica

family: Ericaceae

Ceratostema costatum

authorship: (Griseb.) Benth. & Hook.f.

Ceratostema ellipticum

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook.f.

Ceratostema myrtifolium

authorship: (Griseb.) Griseb. ex Benth. & Hook.f.

Ceratostema pilosum

authorship: (A.C.Sm.) J.F.Macbr.

Ceratostema weberbaueri

authorship: Hoerold

Eurygania elliptica

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Britton

Thibaudia elliptica

authorship: Ruiz & Pav. ex G.Don

codes: BOL PER

authors: Klotzsch


slug: siphonochilus-aethiopicus

scientific: Siphonochilus aethiopicus

authorship: (Schweinf.) B.L.Burtt

genus: Siphonochilus

epithet: aethiopicus

family: Zingiberaceae

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40:372. (1982)

Cienkowskia aethiopica

authorship: Schweinf.

Cienkowskiella aethiopica

authorship: (Schweinf.) Y.K.Kam

Cienkowskiella evae

authorship: (Briq.) Y.K.Kam

Kaempferia aethiopica

authorship: Ridl.

Kaempferia dewevrei

authorship: De Wild. & T.Durand

Kaempferia evae

authorship: Briq.

Kaempferia natalensis

authorship: Schltr. & K.Schum. ex K.Schum.

Kaempferia zambeziaca

authorship: Gagnep.

Siphonochilus evae

authorship: (Briq.) B.L.Burtt

Siphonochilus natalensis

authorship: (Schltr. & K.Schum. ex K.Schum.) J.M.Wood & Franks

codes: ANG BEN BKN CMN CAF CHA ZAI SWZ ETH GAM GHA GUI GNB IVO KEN NAT MLW MLI MOZ NGR NGA TVL SEN SIE SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burkina

code: BKN

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Niger

code: NGR

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Senegal

code: SEN

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 218 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(2): 372


slug: siphonochilus-kirkii

scientific: Siphonochilus kirkii

authorship: (Hook.f.) B.L.Burtt

epithet: kirkii

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(2): 372 (1982)

Cienkowskiella kirkii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Y.K.Kam

Kaempferia carsonii

authorship: Baker

Kaempferia decora

authorship: Druten

Kaempferia kirkii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Kerch.

authorship: (Hook.f.) Pynaert

authorship: (Hook.f.) Wittm. & Perring

Kaempferia kirkii var. elatior

authorship: Stapf

Kaempferia pallida

authorship: De Wild.

Siphonochilus carsonii

authorship: (Baker) Lock

Siphonochilus decorus

authorship: (Druten) Lock

codes: CPV CAF CHA ZAI KEN MLW MOZ SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 95 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Rose Ginger Flower
Rose ginger

authors: (Hook.f.) B.L.Burtt


slug: siphonodon-australis

scientific: Siphonodon australis

authorship: Benth.

genus: Siphonodon

epithet: australis

family: Celastraceae

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

names:
ivorywood
scrub guava

value: tree

label: Flowering months

value: Jan-Feb

authors: Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 1: 403


slug: siphonolejeunea-nudipes

scientific: Siphonolejeunea nudipes

authorship: (Hook.f. & Taylor) Herzog

genus: Siphonolejeunea

epithet: nudipes

family: Lejeuneaceae

published_in: Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 42: 231. 1948.

Austrolejeunea nudipes

authorship: (Hook.f. & Taylor) Grolle

Eulejeunea nudipes

authorship: (Hook.f. & Taylor) Steph.

Jungermannia nudipes

authorship: Hook.f. & Taylor

Lejeunea nudipes

authorship: (Hook.f. & Taylor) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Nephelolejeunea nudipes

authorship: (Hook.f. & Taylor) L.Söderstr. & A.Hagborg

Radula albipes

authorship: Colenso

type: hasHost

label: Hosts


slug: siphonolejeunea-occidentalis

scientific: Siphonolejeunea occidentalis

authorship: (Pócs) M.A.M.Renner

epithet: occidentalis

Austrolejeunea occidentalis

authorship: Pócs

Nephelolejeunea occidentalis

authorship: (Pócs) L.Söderstr. & A.Hagborg


slug: siphonolejeunea-olgae

scientific: Siphonolejeunea olgae

epithet: olgae

published_in: Beih. Nova Hedwigia 9: 187, 188. 1963.

Austrolejeunea olgae

authorship: (R.M.Schust.) R.M.Schust.


slug: siphonostegia-chinensis

scientific: Siphonostegia chinensis

genus: Siphonostegia

epithet: chinensis

family: Orobanchaceae

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. : 203 (1837)

Prismatanthus bartsioides

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KHA KOR CHM NNS PRM TAI

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Primorye

code: PRM

Taiwan

code: TAI

names: 阴行草 陰行草

names: Сифоностегия китайская

label: Growth habit

value: herb

label: Woodiness

value: annual

value: Jul-Sep

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. 203, t. 44

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sirhookera-lanceolata

scientific: Sirhookera lanceolata

authorship: (Wight) Kuntze

genus: Sirhookera

epithet: lanceolata

family: Orchidaceae

Josephia lanceolata

authorship: Wight

Polystachya ramosa

authorship: Gardner ex Thwaites

codes: IND SRL

India

code: IND

region: Indian Subcontinent

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

authors: Kuntze

published_in: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 681

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: sirhookera-latifolia

scientific: Sirhookera latifolia

epithet: latifolia


slug: sirochloa-parvifolia

scientific: Sirochloa parvifolia

authorship: (Munro) S.Dransf.

genus: Sirochloa

epithet: parvifolia

Schizostachyum parvifolium

authorship: Munro

codes: COM MDG

Comoros

code: COM

region: Western Indian Ocean

Madagascar

code: MDG

lifeform: bamboo

value: liana

authors: (Munro) S.Dransf.


slug: sison-amomum

scientific: Sison amomum

authorship: L.

genus: Sison

epithet: amomum

family: Apiaceae

Apium amomum

authorship: Stokes

Apium catalaunicum

authorship: Calest.

Carum amomum

authorship: Koso-Pol.

Cicuta amomum

authorship: Crantz

Reutera albiflora

authorship: Costa

Seseli amomum

authorship: Scop.

Sison amomum var. catalaunicum

authorship: (Costa) Thell.

Sison erectum

authorship: Salisb.

Sison heterophyllum

authorship: Moench

Sium amomum

authorship: Roth

Sium aromaticum

authorship: Lam.

codes: ALG NCS TCS TUR ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRB GRC ITA YUG ROM SAR SIC SPA SWI TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

region: Middle Europe

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

lifeform: biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 914 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Stone Parsley
stone-parsley

names:
Sison
Sison amome, Sison, Sison aromatique

partners:
Andrena alutacea
Andrena ampla
Andrena floricola
Andrena nitidiuscula
Andrena nuptialis
Andrena pallitarsis
Andrena proxima
Andrena rosae

partners:
Cheilosia proxima
Phasia obesa
Pompilus
Syritta pipiens
Andrena alutacea
Andrena ampla
Andrena floricola
Andrena nitidiuscula

partners:
Phytomyza chaerophylli
Cnephasia incertana
Depressaria apiella
Phomopsis hysteriola


slug: sisymbrella-aspera

scientific: Sisymbrella aspera

authorship: (L.) Spach

genus: Sisymbrella

epithet: aspera

Cardamine aspera

authorship: Bubani

Cardamine laevigata

authorship: (Willd.) Bubani

Nasturtium asperum

authorship: Boiss.

Nasturtium boissieri

authorship: Coss.

Nasturtium laevigatum

authorship: (Willd.) Sennen

Nasturtium munbyanum

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Rorippa aspera

authorship: (L.) Maire

Rorippa aspera subsp. aspera

authorship: Maire

Rorippa aspera subsp. boissieri

authorship: (Coss.) Maire

Rorippa aspera subsp. munbyana

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire

Rorippa aspera subsp. praeterita

authorship: (Heyw.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Rorippa munbyana

authorship: (Boiss.) Maire

Rorippa pseudoboissieri

authorship: (Degen) Maire

Sisymbrella aspera subsp. boissieri

authorship: (Coss.) Heywood

name: Sisymbrella aspera subsp. pseudoboissieri

authorship: (Degen) Heywood

Sisymbrella pseudoboissieri

authorship: (Degen ex Hervier) O.E.Schulz

Sisymbrium boissieri

authorship: Nyman

Sisymbrium laevigatum

authorship: Willd.

Sisymbrium pseudoboissieri

authorship: Degen

codes: ALG MOR FRA POR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Portugal

code: POR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Cresson Rude
Sisymbrille Rude

partners:
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena florivaga
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum
Andrena suerinensis
Hylaeus alpinus
Hylaeus bifasciatus

value: non-woody

value: therophyte

label: Life cycle

authors: (L.) Spach

published_in: Hist. Nat. Vég. (Spach) 6: 426

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sisymbrium-altissimum

scientific: Sisymbrium altissimum

authorship: L.

genus: Sisymbrium

epithet: altissimum

preferred: tall rocket

english:
tall rocket
tall tumblemustard

Crucifera altissima

authorship: (L.) E.H.L.Krause

Erysimum sinapistrum

authorship: Rupr.

Hesperis altissima

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Hesperis rigidula

authorship: Kuntze

Norta altissima

authorship: (L.) Britton

Pachypodium pannonicum

authorship: (Jacq.) Endl.

Sinapis oliveriana

authorship: DC.

Sisymbrium hungaricum

authorship: Lumn.

Sisymbrium pannonicum

authorship: Jacq.

Sisymbrium sinapios

authorship: Retz.

Sisymbrium sinapistrum

authorship: Crantz

codes: AFG ALT BRY IRN IRQ IRK KAZ KGZ KRA LBS CHM MON NCS TZK CHT TCS TKM TUR UZB WSB CHX PAK WHM ALB BLR BUL RUC RUE GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG POL ROM RUS TUE UKR

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Tibet

code: CHT

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Albania

code: ALB

Belarus

code: BLR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Andrena
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata

partners:
Halictus farinosus
Halictus ligatus
Andrena
Apis mellifera
Cercyonis oetus
Colias alexandra
Hemaris diffinis
Hylaeus

partners:
Halictus rubicundus
Pieris rapae
Tetragnatha laboriosa

partners:
Perdix perdix
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthocharis cardamines
Anthocharis euphenoides

partners:
Erysiphe cruciferarum
Necremnus tidius
Notoglyptus luteicrus
Pteromalus grisselli
Thinodytes petiolatus


slug: sisymbrium-austriacum

scientific: Sisymbrium austriacum

epithet: austriacum

preferred: jeweled rocket

Crucifera eckartsbergensis

authorship: (Willd.) E.H.L.Krause

Hesperis berteroana

authorship: (Phil.) Kuntze

Phryne multisiliquosa

authorship: Bubani

Sinapis maritima

authorship: All.

name: Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. erysimifolium

authorship: (Pourr.) Rouy & Foucaud

Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. villarsii

authorship: (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud

Sisymbrium berteroanum

authorship: Phil.

Sisymbrium compressum

authorship: Moench

Sisymbrium derelictum

authorship: Jord.

Sisymbrium erysimifolium

authorship: Pourr.

Sisymbrium reuteri

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Sisymbrium rhedonense

authorship: Degl. ex Gren. & Godr.

Sisymbrium tillieri

authorship: Bellardi ex Willd.

Vandalea rupestricola

authorship: (Jord.) Fourr.

codes: AUT BGM CZE FRA GER ITA SPA SWI

Austria

code: AUT

Belgium

code: BGM

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Italy

code: ITA

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 192 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
jeweled rocket
Austrian Rocket

names: سمارة نمساوية

names: Гулявник австрийский

names:
Österreichische Rauke
Oesterreicher Rauke

names: Sisymbre d'Autriche, Sisymbre des Pyrénées, Vélar d'Autriche

names: Wienersenap donausenap

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum

partners:
Pieris brassicae
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthocharis cardamines
Anthocharis euphenoides

source: USDA PLANTS

value: hemicryptophyte