slug: passiflora-tenuifila

scientific: Passiflora tenuifila

epithet: tenuifila

published_in: J. Washington Acad. Sci. 17: 430 (1927)

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL PAR

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Paraguay

code: PAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 68 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Maracujá-alho Maracujá-silvestre

published_in: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 430


slug: passiflora-tenuiloba

scientific: Passiflora tenuiloba

authorship: Engelm.

genus: Passiflora

epithet: tenuiloba

family: Passifloraceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 192 (1850)

preferred: birdwing passionflower

source: wikidata

Passiflora bigelovii

authorship: Small

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: MXE TEX

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: climbing shrub

climate: desert or dry shrubland

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1231 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: vine

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Engelm.

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6(2): 192

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: passiflora-tetrandra

scientific: Passiflora tetrandra

authorship: Banks ex DC.

epithet: tetrandra

preferred: New Zealand passionflower

source: inat

Tetrapathaea australis

authorship: Raoul

Tetrapathaea tetrandra

authorship: (Banks ex DC.) Cheeseman

authorship: (Banks ex DC.) Raoul

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: NZN NZS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1474 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Umbellularia californica

slug: umbellularia-californica

names:
New Zealand passionflower
New Zealand passionfruit

names: Aka Akakaimanu

partners:
Anthornis melanura
Finschia novaeseelandiae
Nestor meridionalis septentrionalis
Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae
Rhipidura fuliginosa
Trichosurus vulpecula
Turdus merula
Turdus philomelos

label: Life form

value: phanerophyte

label: Height

category: Size

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

authors: Banks ex DC.

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: passiflora-tica

scientific: Passiflora tica

authorship: Gómez-Laur. & L.D.Gómez

epithet: tica

codes: CLM COS PAN

Colombia

code: CLM

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Western South America

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: tree

climate: wet tropical

value: tree

value: woody

authors: Gómez-Laur. & L.D.Gómez

published_in: Phytologia 49(1): 56

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: passiflora-tiliifolia

scientific: Passiflora tiliifolia

authorship: L.

epithet: tiliifolia

codes: CLM ECU PAN PER VEN

Ecuador

code: ECU

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

lifeform: climber

authors: L.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: passiflora-tricuspis

scientific: Passiflora tricuspis

authorship: Mast.

epithet: tricuspis

Passiflora tricuspis var. brevifolia

authorship: Chodat & Hassl.

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC PAR PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

region: Southern South America

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: maracujazinho maracujazinho-do-mato

value: liana

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

authors: Mast.

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: passiflora-tripartita

scientific: Passiflora tripartita

authorship: Breiter

epithet: tripartita

preferred: banana poka

source: usda

Murucuia mollissima

authorship: (Kunth) Spreng.

Passiflora mollissima

authorship: (Kunth) L.H.Bailey

Passiflora psilantha

authorship: (Sodiro) Killip

Passiflora tomentosa var. mollissima

authorship: (Kunth) Triana & Planch.

Tacsonia mollissima

authorship: Kunth

Tacsonia psilantha

authorship: Sodiro

Tacsonia tripartita

authorship: Juss.

codes: BOL CLM ECU PAN PER VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 702 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
Banana Poka
banana passionfruit

names: Grulla Taksu

names: Пассифлора нежнейшая

names:
Passiflore tripartite, Curuba
curuba

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus pauloensis
Chrysopidae sp.
Cicadellidae sp.
Coccidae
Dione glycera
Ennya
Eueides isabella

value: deciduous

authors: Breiter

published_in: Hort. Breiter. 327


slug: passiflora-trisulca

scientific: Passiflora trisulca

epithet: trisulca

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 8(3): 218


slug: passiflora-tucumanensis

scientific: Passiflora tucumanensis

authorship: Hook.

epithet: tucumanensis

Granadilla tucumanensis

authorship: (Hook.) Ser.

Passiflora naviculata

authorship: Griseb.

Passiflora tucumanensis var. naviculata

authorship: (Griseb.) Hicken

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: AGE AGW BOL PAR

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Paraguay

code: PAR

lifeform: climbing perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 54 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Hook.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: passiflora-umbilicata

scientific: Passiflora umbilicata

authorship: (Griseb.) Harms

epithet: umbilicata

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(6a): 91 (1893)

codes: AGW BOL

lifeform: climbing shrub or liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Artibeus planirostris
Sturnira erythromos
Sturnira lilium
Sturnira oporaphilum

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Harms

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 3, Abt. 6a: 91

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: passiflora-urbaniana

scientific: Passiflora urbaniana

authorship: Killip

epithet: urbaniana

published_in: J. Washington Acad. Sci. 17: 426 (1927)

Belize

code: BLZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 69 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Killip

published_in: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 426

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: passiflora-vesicaria

scientific: Passiflora vesicaria

authorship: L.

epithet: vesicaria

Passiflora foetida var. hispida

authorship: (DC. ex Triana & Planch.) Killip

Passiflora hispida

authorship: DC. ex Triana & Planch.

Passiflora marigouja

authorship: Perr. ex Triana & Planch.

codes: BAH BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS CUB ECU FRG GAL GUY JAM LEE PAN PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Bahamas

code: BAH

region: Caribbean

Cuba

code: CUB

French Guiana

code: FRG

Galápagos

code: GAL

Guyana

code: GUY

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2020 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Страстоцвет вонючий

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Apis cerana
Campsomeriella annulata annulata
Xylocopa darwini

partners:
Amegilla violacea
Apis cerana
Apis dorsata
Castalius rosimon
Lasioglossum albescens
Leptoglossus gonagra
Suastus gremius gremius


slug: passiflora-viridiflora

scientific: Passiflora viridiflora

authorship: Cav.

epithet: viridiflora

Murucuia viridiflora

authorship: (Cav.) Spreng.

Murucuja viridiflora

authorship: Spreng.

Psilanthus viridiflora

authorship: (Cav.) M.Roem.

Synactila viridiflora

authorship: (Cav.) Raf.

Tacsonia viridiflora

authorship: (Cav.) Juss.

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 152 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Cav.

published_in: Icon. [Cavanilles] v. 15. t. 424


slug: passiflora-vitifolia

scientific: Passiflora vitifolia

authorship: Kunth

epithet: vitifolia

preferred: perfumed passionflower

Macrophora sanguinea

authorship: (Sm.) Raf.

Passiflora buchananii

authorship: Triana & Planch.

Passiflora sanguinea

authorship: Sm.

Passiflora vitifolia var. bracteosa

authorship: (H.Karst.) Killip

name: Passiflora vitifolia var. cassiquiarensis

Tacsonia buchananii

authorship: Lem.

Tacsonia sanguinea

authorship: Benth. ex Mast.

codes: BOL BZN BZC CLM COS ECU HON NIC PAN PER VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1364 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Granadilla
Granadilla del monte

names: 艳红西番莲 葡萄叶西番莲

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Phaethornis bourcieri
Phaethornis malaris

partners:
Agraulis vanillae
Cuniculus paca
Dione juno
Eueides lybia
Heliconius hecale
Heliconius ismenius
Heliconius numatus
Heliconius pachinus

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites


slug: passiflora-xiikzodz

scientific: Passiflora xiikzodz

epithet: xiikzodz

codes: MXT BLZ GUA

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Belize

code: BLZ

Guatemala

code: GUA

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: passiflora-zapalinamensis

scientific: Passiflora zapalinamensis

authorship: Kuethe, Encina & Cruz-Anaya

epithet: zapalinamensis

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

authors: Kuethe, Encina & Cruz-Anaya


slug: passovia-pyrifolia

scientific: Passovia pyrifolia

authorship: (Kunth) Tiegh.

genus: Passovia

epithet: pyrifolia

family: Loranthaceae

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 42: 172 (1895)

Loranthus affinis

authorship: Mart.

Loranthus lepidobotrys

authorship: Griseb.

Loranthus perrottetii

authorship: DC.

Passovia lepidobotrys

authorship: (Griseb.) Kuijt

Phoradendron gentlei

authorship: Trel.

Phthirusa brasiliensis

authorship: Weir

Phthirusa heterophylla

authorship: Rusby

Phthirusa lepidobotrys

authorship: (Griseb.) Eichler

Phthirusa platyclada

authorship: Ule

Phthirusa pyrifolia

authorship: Eichler

Psittacanthus hoffmannseggianus

authorship: Blume

Struthanthus affinis

authorship: (Mart.) Mart.

Struthanthus minutiflorus

authorship: Lundell

Struthanthus perrottetii

authorship: (DC.) G.Don

Struthanthus platycladus

authorship: (Ule) Baehni & J.F.Macbr.

Struthanthus pyrifolius

authorship: (Kunth) G.Don

Struthanthus pyrifolius var. terminalis

authorship: (J.F.Macbr.) J.F.Macbr.

codes: MXT BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS ELS FRG GUA GUY HON JAM NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN WIN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Jamaica

code: JAM

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Corynura (Corynura) sp2
Nannotrigona tristella
Nogueirapis mirandula
Plebeia minima
Tetragonisca angustula
Tetragonisca buchwaldi
Trigona cilipes
Trigona corvina

partners:
Nannotrigona tristella
Nogueirapis mirandula
Plebeia minima
Tetragonisca angustula
Tetragonisca buchwaldi
Trigona cilipes
Trigona corvina
Trigona ferricauda

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pastinaca-armena

scientific: Pastinaca armena

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

genus: Pastinaca

epithet: armena

family: Apiaceae

published_in: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 324 (1838)

Malabaila hispidula

authorship: Boiss. & Balansa ex Boiss.

Pastinaca dentata

authorship: Freyn & Sint.

Pastinaca hispidula

authorship: Koso-Pol.

Peucedanum hispidum

authorship: (Boiss.) M.Hiroe

codes: NCS TCS TUR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

lifeform: biennial or perennial

climate: temperate

names: Пастернак армянский

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Jul-Aug

authors: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

published_in: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11(3): 324


slug: pastinaca-clausii

scientific: Pastinaca clausii

authorship: (Ledeb.) Calest.

epithet: clausii

Heracleum clausii

authorship: Ledeb.

Heracleum graveolens

authorship: Spreng.

Malabaila elatior

authorship: Velen.

Malabaila graveolens

authorship: (Spreng.) Hoffm.

Pastinaca biebersteinii

authorship: Galushko

Peucedanum biebersteinii

authorship: Schmalh.

Peucedanum elatior

authorship: (Velen.) M.Hiroe

codes: KAZ LBS NCS TCS ALB BUL RUE GRC KRY ROM RUS UKR

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Krym

code: KRY

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

lifeform: biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 256 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: hemicryptophyte

value: Jun-Jul

authors: Calest.

published_in: Webbia 245

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pastinaca-lucida

scientific: Pastinaca lucida

authorship: L.

epithet: lucida

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Glänzender Pastinak
Mallorca-Pastinak

value: biennial

published_in: Mant. Pl. 58

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pastinaca-sativa

scientific: Pastinaca sativa

epithet: sativa

preferred: wild parsnip

english:
wild parsnip
Wild Parsnip

Anethum pastinaca

authorship: Wibel

Elaphoboscum sativum

authorship: (L.) Rupr.

Elaphoboscum sativum var. sylvestre

authorship: (Mill.) Rupr.

Pastinaca angulosa

authorship: Dulac

Pastinaca arvensis

authorship: Steud.

Pastinaca capensis

authorship: Sond.

Pastinaca esculenta

authorship: Salisb.

Pastinaca fleischmannii

authorship: Hladnik

Pastinaca heracleoides

authorship: (Boros) Kotov

Pastinaca insularis

authorship: Rouy & E.G.Camus

authorship: Calest.

Pastinaca lutea

authorship: Gilib.

Pastinaca opaca

authorship: Bernh. ex Hornem.

Pastinaca pratensis

authorship: (Pers.) H.Mart.

Pastinaca propinqua

authorship: Jord. ex Boreau

Pastinaca sativa subsp. opaca

authorship: (Bernh. ex Hornem.) Nyman

Pastinaca sativa subsp. pratensis

authorship: (Pers.) Čelak.

Pastinaca sativa subsp. sylvestris

authorship: Roug & Camus

authorship: (Mill.) Rouy & E.G.Camus

Pastinaca sativa subsp. umbrosa

authorship: (Steven ex DC.) Bondarenko ex Korovina

Pastinaca sativa var. arvensis

authorship: Pers.

Pastinaca sativa var. brevis

authorship: Alef.

Pastinaca sativa var. dissecta

authorship: Regel

Pastinaca sativa var. edulis

authorship: Gray

Pastinaca sativa var. heracleoides

authorship: Boros

Pastinaca sativa var. hortensis

authorship: Ehrh. ex Hoffm.

Pastinaca sativa var. sativa

authorship: Wallr.

Pastinaca sativa var. sylvestris

authorship: (Mill.) Mérat

Pastinaca sylvestris

authorship: Garsault

authorship: Mill.

Pastinaca taraxacifolia

authorship: Fisch. ex Roem. & Schult.

Pastinaca tereticaulis

authorship: Boreau ex Čelak.

Pastinaca teretiuscula

authorship: Boiss.

Pastinaca umbrosa

authorship: Steven ex DC.

Pastinaca urens

authorship: Req. ex Gren. & Godr.

Pastinaca vulgaris

authorship: Bubani

Peucedanum fleischmannii

authorship: (Hladnik) Arcang.

Peucedanum opacum

authorship: Franch.

Peucedanum pastinaca

authorship: Baill.

authorship: (L.) Benth. & Hook.f.

Peucedanum sativum

authorship: (L.) Benth.

authorship: (L.) B.D.Jacks.

Selinum opacum

authorship: (Bernh. ex Hornem.) E.H.L.Krause

Selinum pastinaca

authorship: Crantz

codes: ALT KRA LBS MON NCS TCS TUR WSB ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE RUE FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG NET POL ROM SAR RUS SPA SWI TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

West Siberia

code: WSB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2068 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Myristicin

activities: Amphetaminagenic Anesthetic Antiaggregant Antidepressant Antiinflammatory Antioxidant Antispasmodic Antistress

Bergapten

activities: Antiaggregant Antiapertif Anticonvulsant Antihistaminic Antiinflammatory Antijet-lag Antileukodermic Antimitotic

Imperatorin

activities: Antiaflatoxin Antiaggregant Antialopecic Anticonvulsant Antiinflammatory Antileukodermic Antimitotic Antimutagenic

Xanthotoxin

activities: Antiaflatoxin Antibacterial Antidermatitic Antifeedant Antihistaminic Antiinflammatory Antikeratotic Antileucodermic

Terpinolene

activities: Allelochemic Antifeedant Antinitrosaminic Antioxidant Deodorant FLavor Fungicide Perfumery

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Mufa

activities: Allergenic Anemiagenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Cancer-Preventive Choleretic Dermatitigenic FLavor

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

names: Пастернак посевной

names: アメリカボウフウ パースニップ

names: Пастернак посівний

partners:
Apis mellifera
Eristalis arbustorum
Eristalis tenax
Halictus rubicundus
Myathropa florea
Rhagonycha fulva
Syritta pipiens
Vespula vulgaris

partners:
Andrena alfkenella
Andrena minutula
Andrena minutuloides
Andrena rosae
Camponotus pennsylvanicus
Carpocoris purpureipennis
Cassida piperata
Cerceris arelate

partners:
Eupteryx atropunctata
Aethes dilucidana
Papilio machaon
Phytoecia icterica
Agonopterix clemensella
Ancistrocerus capra
Anthrenus verbasci
Aphantopus hyperantus

partners:
Chrysocharis liriomyzae
Chrysocharis viridis
Copidosoma aithyia
Copidosoma sosares
Cyrtogaster clavicornis
Cyrtogaster vulgaris
Dibrachoides dynastes
Diglyphus isaea

partners:
Mycocentrospora acerina
Parsnip yellow fleck virus


slug: patellifolia-procumbens

scientific: Patellifolia procumbens

authorship: (C.Sm. ex Hornem.) A.J.Scott, Ford-Lloyd & J.T.Williams

genus: Patellifolia

epithet: procumbens

family: Chenopodiaceae

preferred: beet

Beta diffusa

authorship: Coss.

Beta hastata

authorship: Desf.

Beta monodiana

authorship: Maire

Beta patellaris

authorship: Moq.

Beta patellaris f. diffusa

authorship: (Coss.) Maire

Beta patellaris f. luthereaui

authorship: (Maire) Maire

Beta procumbens

authorship: Lange

Beta pumila

authorship: Link

Beta sylvestris

authorship: Webb & Berthel.

Patellaria cordata

authorship: J.T.Williams, A.J.Scott & Ford-Lloyd

Patellaria webbiana

authorship: (Moq.) J.T.Williams, A.J.Scott & Ford-Lloyd

Patellifolia patellaris

authorship: (Moq.) A.J.Scott, Ford-Lloyd & J.T.Williams

codes: ALG CNY CVI LBY MDR MLI MTN MOR SEL SOC SOM TUN WSA BAL SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Mali

code: MLI

region: West Tropical Africa

Mauritania

code: MTN

Morocco

code: MOR

Selvagens

code: SEL

Socotra

code: SOC

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Somalia

code: SOM

Tunisia

code: TUN

Western Sahara

code: WSA

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 954 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 伏石菜 膝甜菜

names: Пателлифолия простёртая

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: patersonia-fragilis

scientific: Patersonia fragilis

authorship: (Labill.) Asch. & Graebn.

genus: Patersonia

epithet: fragilis

family: Iridaceae

published_in: Syn. Mitteleur. Fl.  3: 532 (1906)

Genosiris fragilis

authorship: Labill.

codes: NSW QLD SOA TAS VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 912 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: geophyte

value: Aug-Dec

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: (Labill.) Asch. & Graebn.

published_in: Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner]. iii. 532 (1906)

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: patersonia-glabrata

scientific: Patersonia glabrata

epithet: glabrata

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 304 (1810)

Genosiris glabrata

authorship: (R.Br.) F.Muell.

codes: NSW QLD VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 677 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bugulbi (Cadigal)
Leafy Purple Flag

value: herb

published_in: Bot. Reg. 1: t. 51

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: patersonia-juncea

scientific: Patersonia juncea

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: juncea

published_in: Sketch Veg. Swan R. : 58 (1840)

Genosiris juncea

authorship: (Lindl.) F.Muell.

Patersonia juncea var. elongata

authorship: Benth.

Patersonia roei

authorship: Endl.

Western Australia

code: WAU

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Sketch Veg. Swan R. 58

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: patersonia-occidentalis

scientific: Patersonia occidentalis

epithet: occidentalis

Genosiris longiscapa

authorship: (Sweet) Kuntze

Patersonia bicolor

authorship: F.Muell. ex Benth.

Patersonia longiscapa

authorship: Sweet

Patersonia occidentalis var. aemulans

authorship: Domin

codes: SOA TAS VIC WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 922 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Purple Flag
long purple-flag

partners:
Ethonion breve
Mesodina cyanophracta
Mesodina halyzia

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 304

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: patersonia-sericea

scientific: Patersonia sericea

epithet: sericea

Patersonia sericea var. subalpina

authorship: F.Muell. ex Baker

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1666 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Mesodina aeluropis
Mesodina halyzia

value: Jun-Nov


slug: patersonia-umbrosa

scientific: Patersonia umbrosa

epithet: umbrosa

Genosiris umbrosa

authorship: (Endl.) F.Muell.

Genosiris xanthina

authorship: (Oldfield & F.Muell.) F.Muell.

Patersonia umbrosa f. xanthina

authorship: (Oldfield & F.Muell.) Geerinck

Patersonia xanthina

authorship: Oldfield & F.Muell.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 146 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: non-woody

authors: Endl.

published_in: Pl. Preiss. [J.G.C.Lehmann] 2(1): 31


slug: patis-racemosa

scientific: Patis racemosa

authorship: (Sm.) Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng

genus: Patis

epithet: racemosa

family: Poaceae

preferred: blackseed ricegrass

Milium racemosum

authorship: Sm.

Oryzopsis melanocarpa

authorship: Muhl.

Piptatherum nigrum

authorship: Torr.

Piptatherum racemosum

authorship: (Sm.) Eaton

Urachne melanosperma

authorship: Link

Urachne racemosa

authorship: (Sm.) Trin.

codes: CNT DEL ILL INI IOW KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NEB NWH NWJ NWY NDA OHI ONT PEN QUE RHO SDA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Dakota

code: NDA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

South Dakota

code: SDA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 456 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
black-fruit mountain-ricegrass
black-fruited mountain rice

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: patosia-clandestina

scientific: Patosia clandestina

authorship: (Phil.) Buchenau

genus: Patosia

epithet: clandestina

family: Juncaceae

Distichia brevifolia

authorship: (Phil.) Benth. & Hook.f.

Oxychloe clandestina

authorship: (Phil.) Hauman

Patosia clandestina var. tucumanensis

authorship: (Castillón) Barros

Patosia tucumanensis

authorship: Castillón

Rostkovia brevifolia

authorship: Phil.

codes: AGW AGS BOL CLC CLN

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

region: Southern South America

Argentina South

code: AGS

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile North

code: CLN

lifeform: subshrub

value: chamaephyte

value: perennial

authors: Buchenau

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: patrinia-glabrifolia

scientific: Patrinia glabrifolia

authorship: Yamam. & Sasaki

genus: Patrinia

epithet: glabrifolia

family: Caprifoliaceae

published_in: Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 19: 106 (1929)

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

names: 禿敗醬 光叶败酱

authors: Yamam. & Sasaki

published_in: Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 19: 106


slug: patrinia-intermedia

scientific: Patrinia intermedia

authorship: (Hornem.) Roem. & Schult.

epithet: intermedia

Fedia intermedia

authorship: Hornem.

Fedia ruthenica

authorship: Mirb.

Patrinia nudiuscula

authorship: Fisch.

codes: ALT KAZ KGZ MON TZK CHX

Altay

code: ALT

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Mongolia

code: MON

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Xinjiang

code: CHX

region: China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 316 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 中败酱 墓头回

names: Патриния средняя

value: May-Jul

authors: Roem. & Schult.

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 90

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: patrinia-rupestris-pall-dufr

scientific: Patrinia rupestris

authorship: (Pall.) Dufr.

epithet: rupestris

published_in: Hist. Nat. Valér. : 54 (1811)

Fedia rupestris

authorship: (Pall.) Vahl

Fuisa rupestris

authorship: (Pall.) Raf.

Valeriana rupestris

authorship: Pall.

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CHC CHS CTA CHI IRK KHA KOR KRA CHM MON PRM TVA WSB YAK

Altay

region: Siberia

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Yakutiya

code: YAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 774 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Pall.) Dufr.

published_in: Hist. Nat. Valér. 54


slug: patrinia-rupestris-pall-juss

authorship: (Pall.) Juss.

published_in: Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 10: 311 1807

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: patrinia-scabiosifolia

scientific: Patrinia scabiosifolia

authorship: Link

epithet: scabiosifolia

published_in: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 131 (1821)

Fedia scabiosifolia

authorship: Trevir.

Patrinia diandra

authorship: Kitag.

Patrinia hispida

authorship: Bunge

Patrinia japonica

authorship: (Miq.) Miq.

Patrinia parviflora

authorship: Siebold & Zucc.

Patrinia scabiosifolia var. crassa

authorship: Masam. & Satomi

Patrinia scabiosifolia var. hispida

authorship: (Bunge) Franch.

Patrinia serratulifolia

authorship: (Trevir.) Fisch. ex DC.

Valeriana japonica

authorship: Miq.

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CTA CHI JAP KHA KOR KUR CHM MON NNS PRM SAK VIE

Japan

code: JAP

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Vietnam

code: VIE

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indo-China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 344 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
eastern valerian
golden lace

names: 败酱 败酱草

names: Патриния скабиозолистная

names: オミナエシ 女郎花

partners:
Atteva punctella
Eristalis arbustorum
Megacyllene robiniae
Pachodynerus erynnis
Scolia dubia
Scolia dubia dubia
Sphex pensylvanicus
Xylocopa virginica

partners:
Ectemnius maculosus
Palpada vinetorum
Philanthus gibbosus
Scolia dubia
Scolia dubia dubia
Stelis costalis
Xylocopa virginica
Zelus renardii

partners:
Eurodryas aurinia
Melitaea diamina
Pachodynerus erynnis
Palpada vinetorum
Scolia nobilitata nobilitata
Sphex habenus
Stelis costalis

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens


slug: patrinia-sibirica

scientific: Patrinia sibirica

authorship: (L.) Juss.

epithet: sibirica

Fedia sibirica

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

Patrinia ruthenica

authorship: Juss.

Valeriana ruthenica

authorship: Willd.

Valeriana sibirica

authorship: L.

Valerianella lutea

authorship: Moench

codes: ALT AMU BRY CTA CHI IRK JAP KAZ KHA KRA KUR MAG CHM MON PRM SAK TVA WSB YAK RUE

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Magadan

code: MAG

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 542 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 败酱 西伯利亚败酱

names: Патриния сибирская

names: Сибирь сэрхлэг

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: patrinia-villosa-juss

scientific: Patrinia villosa

epithet: villosa

Fedia ovata

authorship: Kuntze

Fedia villosa

authorship: Mirb.

Patrinia dielsii

authorship: Graebn.

Patrinia dielsii var. palustris

authorship: Pamp.

Patrinia graveolens

authorship: Hance

Patrinia sinensis

authorship: (H.Lév.) Koidz.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 190 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
White-flower golden lace
patrinia

names: 攀倒甑 败酱

names: otokoeshi オトコエシ

partners:
Chrysopa
Conops flavipes
Corymbia succedanea
Dolichovespula norvegicoides
Ectophasia sinensis
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum laeviventre
Lasioglossum problematicum

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Damora sagana
Nonartha cyaneum
Polistes japonicus
Symbrenthia hypselis assama
Zemeros flegyas

authors: Juss.

published_in: Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 10: 311

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: patrinia-villosa-thunb-dufr

authorship: (Thunb.) Dufr.

Valeriana villosa

authorship: Thunb.

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR CHM NNS TAI VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Taiwan

code: TAI

names:
pan dao zeng
毛敗醬

authors: (Thunb.) Dufr.


slug: patzkea-paniculata

scientific: Patzkea paniculata

authorship: (L.) G.H.Loos

genus: Patzkea

epithet: paniculata

published_in: Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 126 (2010)

Festuca anthoxanthia

authorship: Sm.

Festuca aurea

authorship: Lam.

Festuca baetica

authorship: (Hack.) K.Richt.

Festuca baetica subsp. moleroi

authorship: (Cebolla, Lozano & Rivas Ponce) Cebolla & Rivas Ponce

Festuca bulbosa

authorship: Delarbre

Festuca caerulescens

authorship: Boiss. ex Hack.

Festuca compressa

authorship: DC.

Festuca ferruginea

authorship: (Vest) Rchb.

Festuca fibrosa

authorship: Griseb.

Festuca fleischeri

authorship: Steud.

Festuca fusca

authorship: Vill.

Festuca gigantea

authorship: Krock.

Festuca paniculata

authorship: (L.) Schinz & Thell.

Festuca paniculata subsp. baetica

authorship: (Hack.) Markgr.-Dann.

authorship: (Hack.) Emb. & Maire

Festuca paniculata subsp. consobrina

authorship: (Timb.-Lagr.) Markgr.-Dann.

Festuca paniculata subsp. longiglumis

authorship: (Litard.) Kerguélen

Festuca paniculata subsp. macrostachys

authorship: Llamas, Acedo, Penas & Pérez Morales

Festuca paniculata subsp. moleroi

authorship: (Cebolla, Lozano & Rivas Ponce) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle

name: Festuca paniculata subsp. multispiculata

authorship: Rivas Ponce & Cebolla

Festuca paniculata subsp. paui

authorship: Cebolla & Rivas Ponce

Festuca paniculata subsp. spadicea

authorship: (L.) Litard.

Festuca paniculata subvar. aurea

authorship: (Lam.) Maire & Weiller

Festuca paniculata subvar. longiglumis

authorship: Litard.

Festuca paniculata var. baetica

authorship: (Hack.) Maire & Weiller

Festuca paniculata var. longiglumis

authorship: (Litard.) Cebolla

Festuca paniculata var. moleroi

authorship: Cebolla, Lozano & Rivas Ponce

Festuca paradoxa

authorship: Ehrh. ex Steud.

Festuca spadicea subsp. aurea

authorship: (Lam.) K.Richt.

Festuca spadicea subsp. consobrina

authorship: (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman

Festuca spadicea var. baetica

authorship: Hack.

Festuca spadicea var. cebennensis

authorship: Gand.

Festuca spadicea var. fallax

authorship: Loret & Barrandon

Festuca spadicea var. ferruginea

authorship: (Vest) Nyman

Patzkea paniculata subsp. longiglumis

authorship: (Litard.) H.Scholz

Patzkea paniculata subsp. macrostachys

authorship: (Llamas, Acedo, Penas & Pérez Morales) H.Scholz

name: Patzkea paniculata subsp. multispiculata

authorship: (Rivas Ponce & Cebolla) H.Scholz

Poa gerardi

authorship: All.

Poa spadicea

authorship: (L.) Koeler

Schedonorus aureus

authorship: (Lam.) P.Beauv.

Schedonorus compressus

authorship: (DC.) Roem. & Schult.

Schedonorus ferrugineus

authorship: Vest

Schedonorus spadiceus

authorship: (L.) Roem. & Schult.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 118 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Fétuque paniculée, Patzkée paniculée, Queyrel

authors: (L.) G.H.Loos

published_in: Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 126

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paubrasilia-echinata

scientific: Paubrasilia echinata

authorship: (Lam.) Gagnon, H.C.Lima & G.P.Lewis

genus: Paubrasilia

epithet: echinata

family: Fabaceae

preferred: Brazilwood

Caesalpinia echinata

authorship: Lam.

Caesalpinia obliqua

authorship: Vogel

Caesalpinia vesicaria

authorship: Vell.

Guilandina echinata

authorship: (Lam.) Spreng.

codes: BZE BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 424 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
Pernambuco wood
brazilwood

names:
Palo brasil
Pernambuco

names: Brasileto Ibirapiranga

names: Цезальпиния ежовая

names: Фернамбукове дерево

partners:
Chionomesa fimbriata
Phaethornis ruber

partners:
Apis mellifera
Tetragonisca angustula

value: tree

value: evergreen

authors: (Lam.) Gagnon, H.C.Lima & G.P.Lewis

published_in: PhytoKeys 71: 39

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol CAEC3

license: public domain


slug: pauciflora-parvifolia

scientific: Pauciflora parvifolia

authorship: (Torr.) Morillo, Liede & Meve

genus: Pauciflora

epithet: parvifolia

family: Apocynaceae

preferred: spearleaf

Gonolobus californicus

authorship: Jeps.

Gonolobus parvifolius

authorship: Torr.

Matelea parvifolia

authorship: (Torr.) Woodson

Vincetoxicum parvifolium

authorship: (Torr.) A.Heller

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 239 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

value: vine

authors: (Torr.) Morillo, Liede & Meve

note: common name, checklist symbol MAPA9

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pauciflora-sagittifolia

scientific: Pauciflora sagittifolia

authorship: (A.Gray) Morillo, Liede & Meve

epithet: sagittifolia

preferred: arrowleaf milkvine

Matelea sagittifolia

authorship: (A.Gray) Woodson ex Shinners

Vincetoxicum sagittifolium

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Heller

codes: MXE TEX

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: climbing subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (A.Gray) Morillo, Liede & Meve

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MASA4


slug: paullinia-alata

scientific: Paullinia alata

genus: Paullinia

epithet: alata

family: Sapindaceae

Paullinia fasciculata

authorship: Radlk.

Paullinia metensis

authorship: Killip & Cuatrec.

Paullinia rhizantha

authorship: Poepp. & Endl.

Semarillaria alata

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

codes: BOL BZN BZC CLM COS ECU NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Ecuador

code: ECU

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

region: Northern South America

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

region: Caribbean

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: liana

names:
Bejuco tres esquinas
Chunta ruru waska

names: guaraná-bravo mata-fome

partners:
Crax alector
Cyanocorax affinis
Ortalis garrula
Penelope marail
Pithecia monachus
Psophia crepitans
Tinamus major
Tyrannus melancholicus

value: liana

value: woody

published_in: Gen. Hist. 1: 660

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paullinia-costata

scientific: Paullinia costata

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

epithet: costata

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

authors: Schltdl. & Cham.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: paullinia-elegans

scientific: Paullinia elegans

authorship: Cambess.

epithet: elegans

Paullinia ribesiaecarpa

authorship: Rusby

codes: AGE BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM ECU PAR PER URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 191 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Ojo de Muñeca
Ojo de Muñeca [Argentina]

names: olho-de-cabra timbó

partners:
Centris analis
Frieseomelitta varia
Scaptotrigona aff. depilis

authors: Cambess.

published_in: Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 370

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paullinia-fuscescens

scientific: Paullinia fuscescens

authorship: Kunth

epithet: fuscescens

preferred: moldy bread and cheese

source: wikidata

Paullinia fusca

authorship: Griseb.

Paullinia fuscescens var. glabrata

authorship: Croat

Paullinia micropterygia

authorship: Miq.

Paullinia pubescens

authorship: DC.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS CUB ECU ELS GUA GUY HON NIC PAN SWC SUR TRT VEN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guyana

code: GUY

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Southwest Caribbean

code: SWC

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 89 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Exomalopsis limata
Ptiloglossa eximia
Xylocopa subvirescens

partners:
Adippe inaequalis
Bolbonota pictipennis
Epiphile adrasta
Notocera bituberculata
Notocera cerviceps
Pyrrhogyra neaerea

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paullinia-meliifolia

scientific: Paullinia meliifolia

authorship: Juss.

epithet: meliifolia

published_in: Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 4: 347 (1804)

Paullinia falcata

authorship: Gardner

Paullinia maritima

authorship: Vell.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: AGE BZE BZS BZL BZC PAR

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

names:
Guaraná triangular
cipó-timboeira

published_in: Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 4: 347

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: paullinia-pinnata

scientific: Paullinia pinnata

authorship: L.

epithet: pinnata

preferred: bread and cheese

Cururu pinnata

authorship: House

Tondin surinamensium

authorship: Schill.

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CAB CMN CAF CHA COM CON ZAI ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB IVO KEN LBR MDG MLW MLI MTN MOZ NGR NGA RWA SEN SIE SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON LEE NLA NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cabinda

code: CAB

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Comoros

code: COM

region: Western Indian Ocean

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Gabon

code: GAB

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mauritania

code: MTN

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Niger

code: NGR

Nigeria

code: NGA

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 598 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Пауллиния перистая

partners:
Mesopolobus contarinomyiae
Corticea corticea
Staphylus mazans tierra
Strephonota tephraeus

partners:
Piaractus mesopotamicus
Myloplus tiete
Sapajus nigritus
Brycon hilarii
Cebus capucinus
Cebus kaapori
Charaxes lycurgus
Feliniopsis


slug: paullinia-trigonia

scientific: Paullinia trigonia

epithet: trigonia

codes: BZN BZE BZS BZL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: cipó-timbó timbó-aitica

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

authors: Vell.

published_in: Fl. Flumin. 159

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: paulownia-fortunei

scientific: Paulownia fortunei

authorship: (Seem.) Hemsl.

genus: Paulownia

epithet: fortunei

family: Paulowniaceae

Paulownia duclouxii

authorship: Dode

codes: CHC CHS TAI LAO MYA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

Laos

code: LAO

Myanmar

code: MYA

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Foxglove tree
dragontree

names: 南投梧桐 泡桐

names: kiri-chinês quiri-chinês

names: Павловния Форчуна

partners:
Apis cerana
Osmia

partners:
Attacus atlas
Psilogramma menephron

partners:
Gastrancistrus dehradunensis
Tetrastichus aplanfacis

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

authors: (Seem.) Hemsl.

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 180

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paulownia-tomentosa

scientific: Paulownia tomentosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Steud.

epithet: tomentosa

preferred: princess tree

english:
princess tree
princesstree

Bignonia tomentosa

authorship: Thunb.

Paulownia coreana

authorship: Uyeki

Paulownia glabrata

authorship: Rehder

Paulownia grandifolia

authorship: Wettst.

Paulownia imperialis

authorship: Siebold & Zucc.

Paulownia lilacina

authorship: Sprague

Paulownia tomentosa f. pallida

authorship: (Dode) Rehder

Paulownia tomentosa var. glabrata

authorship: (Rehder) S.Z.Qu

Paulownia tomentosa var. japonica

authorship: Elwes

Paulownia tomentosa var. lanata

authorship: (Dode) C.K.Schneid.

codes: CHN CHC CHS KOR CHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2060 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names:
princess tree
princesstree

names:
Kiri
Paulonia real

names: 泡桐叶 泡桐果

names: بولفينية كثة الزغب

names: Quiri kiri

names: Павловния войлочная

names: キリ 桐

names: Blauglockenbaum Kaiser-Paulownie

names:
Arbre d'Anna Paulowna
Paulownia

names: Paulonia Pawlonia

names: پالونیای شهبانو

names: Павловнія повстиста

names: פולובניה הדורה

names:
paulovnie plstnatá
paulovnia plstnatá

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus sp.
Icterus spurius
Xylocopa

partners:
Hebata vitis
Maiestas latifrons
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Bothrogonia ferruginea

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

value: phanerophyte

label: Growth form

value: Single Crown


slug: pauridia-affinis

scientific: Pauridia affinis

authorship: (Schult. & Schult.f.) Snijman & Kocyan

genus: Pauridia

epithet: affinis

family: Hypoxidaceae

Hypoxis affinis

authorship: Schult. & Schult.f.

Hypoxis schlechteri

authorship: Bolus

Ianthe schlechteri

authorship: (Bolus) F.N.Williams

Spiloxene schlechteri

authorship: (Bolus) Garside

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 114 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: geophyte

source: GIFT

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: (Schult.f.) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 23


slug: pauridia-alba

scientific: Pauridia alba

authorship: (Thunb.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: alba

Hypoxis alba

authorship: (Thunb.) L.f.

Hypoxis alba var. burkei

authorship: Baker

Hypoxis crassifolia

authorship: Pappe ex Baker

Hypoxis obliqua

authorship: Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Baker

Hypoxis pumila

authorship: Lam.

Hypoxis spathacea

authorship: Eckl.

Ianthe alba

authorship: (Thunb.) Nel

authorship: (Thunb.) Salisb. ex F.N.Williams

Spiloxene alba

authorship: (Thunb.) Fourc.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 388 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Thunb.) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 24

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: pauridia-alticola

scientific: Pauridia alticola

authorship: Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: alticola

Empodium occidentale

authorship: (Nel) B.L.Burtt

Forbesia occidentalis

authorship: Nel

authors: Snijman & Kocyan

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: pauridia-aquatica

scientific: Pauridia aquatica

authorship: (L.f.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: aquatica

Ianthe aquatica

authorship: (L.f.) F.N.Williams

Spiloxene aquatica

authorship: (L.f.) Fourc.

lifeform: tuberous helophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 426 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: sterretjie vlei-uintjie

authors: (L.f.) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 25


slug: pauridia-breviscapa

scientific: Pauridia breviscapa

authorship: Snijman

epithet: breviscapa

authors: Snijman

published_in: Phytotaxa 182(1): 50


slug: pauridia-canaliculata

scientific: Pauridia canaliculata

authorship: (Garside) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: canaliculata

Hypoxis neocanaliculata

authorship: Geerinck

Spiloxene canaliculata

authorship: Garside

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 163 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Garside) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 26

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pauridia-capensis

scientific: Pauridia capensis

authorship: (L.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: capensis

preferred: golden star

english:
golden star
peacock flower
winter golden star

Amaryllis capensis

authorship: L.

Fabricia stellata

authorship: Thunb.

Hypoxis caerulescens

authorship: Redouté

Hypoxis capensis

authorship: (L.) Vines & Druce

authorship: (L.) Geerinck

Hypoxis elata

authorship: Schult. & Schult.f.

Hypoxis elegans

authorship: (Pers.) Poir.

Hypoxis gawleri

authorship: Baker

Hypoxis pavonina

authorship: Salisb.

Hypoxis stellata

authorship: (Thunb.) L.f.

Hypoxis stellata var. elegans

authorship: Pers.

Hypoxis stellata var. gawleri

authorship: (Baker) Baker

Ianthe stellata

authorship: (Thunb.) F.N.Williams

Spiloxene capensis

authorship: (L.) Garside

Spiloxene stellata

authorship: (Thunb.) Salisb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1997 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
peacock flower
golden star

names: geelsterretjie gouesterretjie

authors: (L.) Snijman & Kocyan


slug: pauridia-curculigoides

scientific: Pauridia curculigoides

authorship: (Bolus) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: curculigoides

Hypoxis curculigoides

authorship: Bolus

Hypoxis declinata

authorship: (Nel) Geerinck

Ianthe curculigioides

authorship: (Bolus) F.N.Williams

Ianthe declinata

authorship: Nel

Spiloxene curculigoides

authorship: (Bolus) Garside

Spiloxene declinata

authorship: (Nel) Garside

authors: (Bolus) Snijman & Kocyan


slug: pauridia-flaccida

scientific: Pauridia flaccida

authorship: (Nel) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: flaccida

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 222 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Nel) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 27


slug: pauridia-glabella

scientific: Pauridia glabella

authorship: (R.Br.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: glabella

Hypoxis glabella var. leptantha

authorship: (Benth.) R.J.F.Hend.

Hypoxis glabella var. pusilla

authorship: (F.N.Williams) Maiden & Betche

Hypoxis hookeri

authorship: Geerinck

Hypoxis leptantha

authorship: Benth.

Ianthe glabella

authorship: (R.Br.) F.N.Williams

codes: NSW SOA TAS VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 218 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (R.Br.) Snijman & Kocyan


slug: pauridia-gracilipes

scientific: Pauridia gracilipes

authorship: (Schltr.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: gracilipes

Hypoxis gracilipes

authorship: Schltr.

Ianthe gracilipes

authorship: (Schltr.) F.N.Williams

Spiloxene gracilipes

authorship: (Schltr.) Garside

authors: (Schltr.) Snijman & Kocyan

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pauridia-linearis

scientific: Pauridia linearis

authorship: (Andrews) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: linearis

Hypoxis linearis

authorship: Andrews

Hypoxis stellata var. linearis

authorship: (Andrews) Baker

Ianthe linearis

authorship: (Andrews) Salisb. ex F.N.Williams

Spiloxene linearis

authorship: (Andrews) Garside

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 108 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Andrews) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 28

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pauridia-maryae

scientific: Pauridia maryae

authorship: Snijman

epithet: maryae

published_in: Phytotaxa 182(1): 30

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pauridia-minuta

scientific: Pauridia minuta

authorship: (L.f.) T.Durand & Schinz

epithet: minuta

Fabricia minuta

authorship: (L.f.) Thunb.

Galaxia minuta

authorship: (L.f.) Ker Gawl.

Hypoxis minuta

authorship: (L.f.) Eckl. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

Hypoxis nana

authorship: E.Mey. ex Baker

Hypoxis triandra

authorship: Pappe ex Baker

Hypoxis truncata

authorship: Thunb. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

Ixia minima

authorship: Schrank

Pauridia hypoxidioides

authorship: Harv.

Romulea minuta

authorship: (L.f.) Eckl.

Syringodea minuta

authorship: (L.f.) Klatt

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 548 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: T.Durand & Schinz

published_in: Consp. Fl. Afr. [T.A. Durand & H. Schinz] 5: 142


slug: pauridia-monophylla

scientific: Pauridia monophylla

authorship: (Schltr. ex Baker) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: monophylla

Hypoxis monophylla

authorship: Schltr. ex Baker

Ianthe monophylla

authorship: (Schltr. ex Baker) F.N.Williams

Spiloxene monophylla

authorship: (Schltr. ex Baker) Garside

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 158 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Garside
Oneleaf Capestar

authors: (Schltr. ex Baker) Snijman & Kocyan


slug: pauridia-ovata

scientific: Pauridia ovata

authorship: (L.f.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: ovata

Ianthe ovata

authorship: Salisb.

authorship: (L.f.) Salisb. ex F.N.Williams

Spiloxene ovata

authorship: (L.f.) Garside

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 29


slug: pauridia-pudica

scientific: Pauridia pudica

authorship: Snijman

epithet: pudica

published_in: Phytotaxa 182(1): 32


slug: pauridia-pygmaea

scientific: Pauridia pygmaea

authorship: Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: pygmaea

Helonias minuta

authorship: L.

Hypoxis triflora

authorship: Harv. ex Baker

Ianthe minuta

authorship: (L.) F.N.Williams

Spiloxene minuta

authorship: (L.) Fourc.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pauridia-scullyi

scientific: Pauridia scullyi

authorship: (Baker) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: scullyi

Hypoxis scullyi

authorship: Baker

Ianthe scullyi

authorship: (Baker) Nel

Janthe scullyi

authorship: Nel

Spiloxene scullyi

authorship: (Baker) Garside

authors: (Baker) Snijman & Kocyan


slug: pauridia-serrata

scientific: Pauridia serrata

authorship: (Thunb.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: serrata

preferred: autumn golden star

english:
autumn golden star
golden star

Fabricia serrata

authorship: Thunb.

Hypoxis dielsiana

authorship: (Nel) Geerinck

Hypoxis serrata

authorship: (Thunb.) L.f.

Ianthe serrata

authorship: (Thunb.) Salisb. ex F.N.Williams

Spiloxene dielsiana

authorship: (Nel) Garside

Spiloxene namaquana

authorship: U.Müll.-Doblies, Mark.Ackermann, Weigend & D.Müll.-Doblies

Spiloxene serrata

authorship: (Thunb.) Garside

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 185 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
autumn golden star
golden star


slug: pauridia-trifurcillata

scientific: Pauridia trifurcillata

authorship: (Nel) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: trifurcillata

Spiloxene trifurcillata

authorship: (Nel) Fourc.

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 30


slug: pauridia-vaginata

scientific: Pauridia vaginata

authorship: (Schltdl.) Snijman & Kocyan

epithet: vaginata

Hypoxis vaginata

authorship: Schltdl.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 512 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Eaten by

authors: (Schltdl.) Snijman & Kocyan

published_in: Phytotaxa 116(1): 31


slug: pauridiantha-paucinervis

scientific: Pauridiantha paucinervis

authorship: (Hiern) Bremek.

genus: Pauridiantha

epithet: paucinervis

family: Rubiaceae

Pauridiantha butaguensis

authorship: (De Wild.) Bremek.

name: Pauridiantha butaguensis var. exsertostylosa

Pauridiantha camposii

authorship: (G.Taylor) N.Hallé

Pauridiantha claessensii

authorship: Bremek.

Pauridiantha holstii

authorship: (K.Schum.) Bremek.

Pauridiantha lyallii

authorship: (Baker) Bremek.

name: Pauridiantha paucinervis subsp. butaguensis

authorship: (De Wild.) Verdc.

Pauridiantha paucinervis subsp. holstii

authorship: (K.Schum.) Verdc.

Pauridiantha paucinervis subsp. lyallii

authorship: (Baker) Verdc.

name: Pauridiantha paucinervis subsp. paucinervis

Urophyllum butaguense

authorship: De Wild.

name: Urophyllum butaguense var. exsertostylosa

name: Urophyllum butaguensis var. exsertostylosa

Urophyllum paucinerve

authorship: Hiern

codes: ANG BUR CMN ZAI GGI KEN MDG MLW NGA RWA TAN UGA ZAM

Angola

code: ANG

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Kenya

code: KEN

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rwanda

code: RWA

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 88 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Tamirova Tsiandrova

label: Growth habit

value: nanophanerophyte


slug: pavetta-australiensis

scientific: Pavetta australiensis

genus: Pavetta

epithet: australiensis

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.  37: 124 (1934)

Queensland

code: QLD

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 273 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Woodiness

value: 7 m

authors: Bremek.

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 124

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-catophylla

scientific: Pavetta catophylla

epithet: catophylla

preferred: sand bride's bush

codes: SWZ NAT MOZ TVL

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

names:
sand bride's bush
Sand Brides-Bush

value: 1 m

label: Life cycle

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28(1): 80


slug: pavetta-cooperi

scientific: Pavetta cooperi

authorship: Harv. & Sond.

epithet: cooperi

preferred: pompon bride's bush

Ixora cooperi

authorship: (Harv. & Sond.) Kuntze

codes: CPP SWZ OFS NAT TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Free State

code: OFS

names:
pompon bride's bush
Christmasbush

names: pompombruidsbos Pomponbruidsbos

label: Life form

value: 3 m

authors: Harv. & Sond.

published_in: Fl. Cap. (Harvey) 3: 19


slug: pavetta-crassicaulis

scientific: Pavetta crassicaulis

epithet: crassicaulis

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.  37: 112 (1934)

India

code: IND

region: Indian Subcontinent

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 112


slug: pavetta-edentula

scientific: Pavetta edentula

authorship: Sond.

epithet: edentula

Ixora edentula

authorship: (Sond.) Kuntze

Pavetta disarticulata

authorship: Galpin

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 113 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Braille Bride's Bush
Gland-Leaf Brides-Bush

names: kiiertjiesboom kliertjiesboom

names: Isinyane umafayindlala

label: Height

value: 5 m

authors: Sond.

published_in: Fl. Cap. (Harvey) 3: 20

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-eylesii

scientific: Pavetta eylesii

epithet: eylesii

preferred: flaky-barked bride's bush

english:
flaky-barked bride's bush
large-leaved bride's bush

Canthium foliosum

authorship: (Burtt Davy) Burtt Davy

Plectronia foliosa

authorship: Burtt Davy

codes: BOT SWZ MLW TVL ZAM ZIM

Botswana

code: BOT

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 65 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: grootblaarbruidsbos skilferbasbruidsbos

names: mmawa mogadintane

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-gardeniifolia

scientific: Pavetta gardeniifolia

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

epithet: gardeniifolia

Ixora gardeniifolia

authorship: (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Kuntze

Pavetta adelensis

authorship: Delile

name: Pavetta assimilis var. brevituba-pubescens

name: Pavetta assimilis var. pubescens-brevituba

Pavetta gardeniifolia var. breviflora

authorship: Vatke

Pavetta krauseana

authorship: Dinter ex K.Krause

codes: ANG BEN BOT BUR CMN CPV CAF CHA ZAI DJI ERI ETH GUI IVO KEN NAT MLW MLI MOZ NAM NGA TVL RWA SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Djibouti

code: DJI

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Guinea

code: GUI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

Mali

code: MLI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 193 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Common Brides-bush
Stink-leaf Brides-bush

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-gracilifolia

scientific: Pavetta gracilifolia

authorship: Bremek.

epithet: gracilifolia

published_in: Ann. Transvaal Mus.  13: 203 (1929)

codes: CPP SWZ NAT MOZ TVL TAN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dwarf Bride's Bush
Narrow-Leaf Brides-Bush

names: dwergbruidsbos klein-bruidsbos

value: chamaephyte

published_in: Ann. Transvaal Mus. xiii. 203 (1929)

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-hongkongensis

scientific: Pavetta hongkongensis

epithet: hongkongensis

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.  37: 104 (1934)

codes: CHC CHS CHH VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Vietnam

code: VIE

region: Indo-China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 307 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 大沙叶 香港大沙叶

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 104

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: pavetta-indica

scientific: Pavetta indica

authorship: L.

epithet: indica

Ixora indica

authorship: (L.) Baill.

Ixora nunypapata

authorship: Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.

Ixora paniculata

authorship: Lam.

Pavetta alba

authorship: Vahl

Pavetta brunonis

authorship: Wight

Pavetta cerniflora

authorship: Zipp. ex Span.

Pavetta indica var. glabra

authorship: Blatt. & Hallb.

Pavetta indica var. typica

authorship: Domin

Pavetta obtusa

authorship: Pers.

codes: ASS BAN EHM IND LDV NEP SRL

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Laccadive Is.

code: LDV

Nepal

code: NEP

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 56 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Indian pavetta
Indian pelletshrub

names: kankara papatakammi

names: Паветта индийская

partners:
Acridotheres tristis
Cephonodes hylas
Cinnyris asiaticus
Corvus macrorhynchos
Corvus splendens
Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
Leptocoma zeylonica
Leptosia nina

value: perennial

authors: L.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-lanceolata

scientific: Pavetta lanceolata

authorship: Eckl.

epithet: lanceolata

published_in: S. African Quart. J. 1: 374 (1830)

Ixora lanceolata

authorship: (Eckl.) Kuntze

codes: CPP SWZ NAT MOZ TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 196 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bridal Bush
Weeping Brides-bush

names: (Treur)bruidsbos bruidsbos

names: umgonogono umphonyana

authors: Eckl.

published_in: S. African Quart. J. 1: 374

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-revoluta

scientific: Pavetta revoluta

authorship: Hochst.

epithet: revoluta

Ixora obovata

authorship: (C.A.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.) Kuntze

Pavetta obovata

authorship: C.A.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.

Pavetta undulata

authorship: Lehm.

codes: CPP NAT MOZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bridal Bushes
Dune Bridal Bush

names: bruidsbosse duin-bruidsbos

names: isifufufu mponjane

names: umhlabambaza umhlabambazo

value: 6 m

authors: Hochst.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavetta-schumanniana

scientific: Pavetta schumanniana

authorship: F.Hoffm. ex K.Schum.

epithet: schumanniana

published_in: Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 389 (1895)

codes: ANG BOT BUR CMN CPV CAF ZAI SWZ NAT MLW MOZ NAM TVL RWA TAN ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Malawi

code: MLW

Namibia

code: NAM

Rwanda

code: RWA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: subshrub, shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 79 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Poison Brides-Bush
Poison Pavetta

names: boomgousiekte gifbruidsbos

names: Chifukawi Chinama

names: (u)Sawoti sawoti

names: isiMbuzana isimmuzana

value: 4 m


slug: pavetta-tshikondeni

scientific: Pavetta tshikondeni

epithet: tshikondeni

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

names:
Venda Bride's Bush
Venda Bride's-Bush

names: Venda-bruidsbos vendabruidsbos

value: 2 m

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: pavetta-zeyheri

scientific: Pavetta zeyheri

authorship: Sond.

epithet: zeyheri

preferred: small-leaved bride's bush

Ixora zeyheri

authorship: (Sond.) Kuntze

Pavetta dissimilis

authorship: Bremek.

Pavetta inconspicua

authorship: Dinter ex Brem.

codes: BOT OFS TVL

Free State

code: OFS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
small-leaved bride's bush
Grey-Leaved Bride's Bush

names: fynblaarbruidsbos vaalbruidsbos

names:
maitlo a dilule
mathaalolė

value: shrub

value: subshrub

published_in: Fl. Cap. (Harvey) 3: 21


slug: pavonia-angustipetala

scientific: Pavonia angustipetala

authorship: Krapov.

genus: Pavonia

epithet: angustipetala

family: Malvaceae

codes: AGE BZS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

authors: Krapov.

published_in: Lilloa 31: 51

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavonia-aurigloba

scientific: Pavonia aurigloba

epithet: aurigloba

codes: AGE AGW BZS URU

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 216 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Lilloa 31: 29

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavonia-betonicifolia

scientific: Pavonia betonicifolia

epithet: betonicifolia

Pavonia hastata f. euconsobrina

authorship: Hassl.

Pavonia hastata var. consobrina

authorship: (N.E.Br.) Hassl.

codes: AGE BZS PAR PER URU

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

region: Western South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Reliq. Haenk. ii. 128

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavonia-burchellii

scientific: Pavonia burchellii

authorship: (DC.) R.A.Dyer

epithet: burchellii

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 152 (1932)

Althaea burchellii

authorship: DC.

Althaea kraussiana

authorship: Buching. ex Krauss

Lass macrophylla

authorship: Kuntze

Lebretonia crenata

authorship: Hochst. ex Walp.

Malache burchellii

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Pavonia burchellii subsp. craspedocarpa

authorship: (Ulbr.) Heine

Pavonia crenata

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Pavonia kraussiana subsp. craspedocarpa

authorship: Ulbr.

codes: ANG BOT CMN CPP CPV CHA ZAI EGY ERI SWZ ETH OFS KEN NAT MLW MOZ NAM TVL RWA SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM SAU YEM

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Chad

code: CHA

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 453 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Павония Бёрчелла

partners:
Heterohyrax brucei
Leocyma appollinis
Netrobalane canopus
Procavia capensis


slug: pavonia-cancellata

scientific: Pavonia cancellata

authorship: Cav.

epithet: cancellata

Abelmoschus cancellatus

authorship: (L.f.) Voigt

Hibiscus anonimus

authorship: Mart. ex Colla

Hibiscus cancellatus

authorship: L.

Malache cancellata

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Malache deltoides

authorship: (Mart.) Kuntze

Pavonia cancellata f. montana

authorship: Huber

Pavonia cancellata var. crassivenosa

authorship: Gürke

Pavonia cancellata var. deltoidea

authorship: (Mart.) A.St.-Hil. & Naudin

Pavonia cancellata var. modesta

authorship: (Mart.) Garcke

Pavonia deltoidea

authorship: Mart.

Pavonia guanacastensis

authorship: Standl.

Pavonia procumbens

authorship: Casar.

Pavonia sulphurea

authorship: Steud.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 236 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Acrolytta dimidiata
Curculionidae
Pristimerus calcaratus

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (L.) Cav.

published_in: Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 135

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: pavonia-castaneifolia

scientific: Pavonia castaneifolia

authorship: A.St.-Hil. & Naudin

epithet: castaneifolia

Malache castaneifolia

authorship: Kuntze

Typhalea castaneifolia

authorship: (A.St.-Hil. & Naudin) Britton

codes: BOL BZE BZL CLM COS ECU FRG GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

region: Caribbean

Venezuela

code: VEN

value: woody

authors: A.St.-Hil. & Naudin

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 18: 44


slug: pavonia-chlorantha

scientific: Pavonia chlorantha

authorship: (Kunth) Fryxell

epithet: chlorantha

published_in: Bol. Soc. Bot. México 38: 18 (1979 publ. 1980)

Anotea chloranthus

authorship: Kunth

Hibiscus racemosus

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Malvaviscus chloranthus

authorship: (Kunth) Schery

codes: MXC MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

authors: (Kunth) Fryxell

published_in: Bol. Soc. Bot. México no. 38: 18


slug: pavonia-clathrata

scientific: Pavonia clathrata

authorship: Mast.

epithet: clathrata

Malache clathrata

authorship: (Mast.) Kuntze

Pavonia schumanniana

authorship: Gürke ex Schinz

codes: ANG BOT CPV ZAI NAM TVL ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

value: annual

authors: Mast.

published_in: Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 1: 193

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavonia-columella

scientific: Pavonia columella

authorship: Cav.

epithet: columella

Pavonia galpiniana

authorship: Schinz

Urena meyeri

authorship: (Mast.) F.Muell.

Urena pilosa

authorship: Burch. ex DC.

codes: CPP SWZ OFS NAT MLW MOZ TVL REU TAN ZAM ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Réunion

code: REU

region: Western Indian Ocean

Tanzania

code: TAN

region: East Tropical Africa

Zambia

code: ZAM

lifeform: biennial or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 457 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pink Pavonia
Pink Swampmallow

names: Gundamanyelo Mutudo

partners:
Acrocercops pavonicola
Dialectica columellina

authors: Cav.

published_in: Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 138 (t. 48, f. 3)


slug: pavonia-cymbalaria

scientific: Pavonia cymbalaria

epithet: cymbalaria

Pavonia hastata f. brevifolia

authorship: Gürke

Pavonia hastata f. cymbalaria

authorship: (A.St.-Hil. & Naudin) Hassl.

codes: AGE URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 105 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Allograpta
Augochlora iphigenia
Bombyliidae

partners:
Allograpta
Augochlora semiramis
Bombyliidae

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 18: 42

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavonia-dentata

scientific: Pavonia dentata

authorship: Burtt Davy

epithet: dentata

published_in: Man. Pl. Transvaal 1: 47 (1926)

authors: Burtt Davy

published_in: Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 47

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: pavonia-distinguenda

scientific: Pavonia distinguenda

authorship: A.St.-Hil. & Naudin

epithet: distinguenda

Pavonia pedersenii

authorship: Fryxell

name: Pavonia urbaniana var. tomentosa-velutina

codes: AGE BZE BZS BZL URU

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL


slug: pavonia-elegans

scientific: Pavonia elegans

authorship: Garcke

epithet: elegans

published_in: Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 332 (1883)

codes: ETH KEN NAM TVL SOM TAN

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Kenya

code: KEN

Namibia

code: NAM

Somalia

code: SOM

authors: Garcke

published_in: Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 332


slug: pavonia-fruticosa

scientific: Pavonia fruticosa

authorship: Fawc. & Rendle

epithet: fruticosa

preferred: anamu

Diplopenta leptocarpa

authorship: Alef.

Hibiscus guianensis

authorship: Aubl.

Hibiscus salicifolius

authorship: L.

Lass fruticosa

authorship: (Mill.) Kuntze

Malache fruticosa

authorship: Standl.

Malache leptocarpa

authorship: (L.f.) Kuntze

Malache stellata

authorship: (Spreng.) Kuntze

Malache typhalaea

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Malache typhalaea f. albiflora

authorship: Kuntze

Malache typhalaeoides

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Pavonia begoniaefolia

authorship: Gardner ex Hook.

Pavonia brachypoda

authorship: Turcz.

Pavonia fruticosa var. typhalaea

authorship: (L.) Stehlé

Pavonia glomerata

authorship: Casar.

Pavonia guianensis

authorship: (Aubl.) Hochr.

Pavonia paraibica

authorship: Wawra

Pavonia stellata

authorship: (Spreng.) Spreng.

Pavonia surinamensis

authorship: Miq.

Pavonia typhalaea var. cavanillesii

authorship: Triana & Planch.

Sida fruticosa

authorship: Mill.

Typhalaea fruticosa

authorship: Britton

Typhalea fruticosa

authorship: (Mill.) Britton

Typhalea monatherica

authorship: (Casar.) Monteiro

Urena stellata

authorship: Spreng.

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU GUY HAI JAM PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Jamaica

code: JAM

Panamá

code: PAN

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 175 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: pavonia-glechomoides

scientific: Pavonia glechomoides

epithet: glechomoides

Lass glechomoides

authorship: (A.St.-Hil.) Kuntze

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Brazil South

code: BZS

Uruguay

code: URU

published_in: Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 227, t. 45

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pavonia-hastata

scientific: Pavonia hastata

authorship: Cav.

epithet: hastata

preferred: spearleaf swampmallow

Lass hastata

authorship: (Cav.) Kuntze

Malva lecontii

authorship: Buckley

Pavonia hastata f. intermedia

authorship: Hassl.

Pavonia hastata f. longifolia

authorship: Gürke

Pavonia jonesii

authorship: Feay ex Alph.Wood

Pavonia lecontei

authorship: (Buckley) Torr. & A.Gray

Sida bonariensis

authorship: Willd. ex Spreng.

Sida opaca

authorship: Sieber ex C.Presl

codes: MXS AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL BZC PAR URU

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1378 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
spearleaf swampmallow
pale pavonia

names: 戟叶孔雀葵 高砂芙蓉

names: Павония копьевидная

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

published_in: Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 138 (t. 47, fig. 2)

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.