slug: ranunculus-sieboldii

scientific: Ranunculus sieboldii

authorship: Miq.

epithet: sieboldii

published_in: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 5 (1867)

Ranunculus arcuans

authorship: Chien

name: Ranunculus cantoniensis subsp. sieboldii

authorship: (Miq.) Elenevsky & Derv.-Sok.

Ranunculus cantoniensis var. sieboldii

authorship: (Miq.) Kitam. ex Hatus.

Ranunculus pensylvanicus var. sieboldii

authorship: (Miq.) Ito

Ranunculus sardous var. monanthos

authorship: Finet & Gagnep.

Ranunculus sieboldii var. arcuans

authorship: (S.S.Chien) H.Hara

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP NNS TAI

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

region: Eastern Asia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

names: 扬子毛茛 揚子毛茛

partners:
Eumerus okinawaensis
Liorhyssum hyalinus

authors: Miq.

published_in: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 5


slug: ranunculus-sierrae-orientalis

scientific: Ranunculus sierrae-orientalis

authorship: (L.D.Benson) G.L.Nesom

genus: Ranunculus

epithet: sierrae-orientalis

family: Ranunculaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Ranunculus longepedunculatus

authorship: Scheidw.

name: Ranunculus petiolaris var. sierrae-orientalis

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

climate: temperate

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: (L.D.Benson) G.L.Nesom

published_in: Phytologia 75(5): 394

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: ranunculus-silerifolius

scientific: Ranunculus silerifolius

epithet: silerifolius

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 257 (1909)

Ranunculus dolichanthus

authorship: (L.Liao) Luferov

Ranunculus glaber

authorship: (H.Lév.) Makino

Ranunculus quelpaertensis

authorship: (H.Lév.) Nakai

name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis f. pleniflorus

authorship: Ohtani & Shig.Suzuki

name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis var. albiflorus

Ranunculus silerifolius f. pleniflorus

authorship: (Ohtani & Shig.Suzuki) Konta & Katsuy.

Ranunculus silerifolius var. prostratus

authorship: (Nakai) Sig.Tanaka ex T.Shimizu

name: Ranunculus silerifolius var. quelpaertensis

authorship: (H.Lév.) Sig.Tanaka ex T.Shimizu

name: Ranunculus silerifolius var. silerifolius

Ranunculus vernyi

authorship: Franch. & Sav.

Ranunculus vernyi var. prostratus

authorship: Nakai

Ranunculus yaegatakensis

authorship: Masam.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR KUR TAI EHM VIE

China South-Central

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

region: Russian Far East

East Himalaya

code: EHM

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Vietnam

code: VIE

region: Indo-China

lifeform: perennial

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 188 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

names: 鉤柱毛茛 钩柱毛茛

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Anthocris scolymus
Baccha maculata
Bombus diversus diversus
Carbula humerigera
Ceratina iwatai
Ectemnuis dives
Episyrphus balteatus
Eumerus iidai

partners:
Bombus diversus diversus
Ceratina iwatai
Episyrphus balteatus
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum apristum
Lasioglossum sibiriacum
Melanostoma scalare
Nysius

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 257

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-sphaerospermus

scientific: Ranunculus sphaerospermus

authorship: Boiss. & C.I.Blanche

epithet: sphaerospermus

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 5: 6 (1856)

Batrachium sphaerospermum

authorship: (Boiss. & C.I.Blanche) Iranshahr

name: Ranunculus peltatus subsp. sphaerospermus

authorship: (Boiss. & Blanche) Meikle

codes: BOT CPP EGY OFS NAT LES MOR NAM TVL AFG CYP IRN IRQ KAZ LBS PAL SAU CHT TKM TUR UZB NEP PAK WHM BUL GRC YUG TUE

Botswana

code: BOT

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Morocco

code: MOR

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Tibet

code: CHT

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

lifeform: hydrosubshrub

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names: Водяной лютик толстостебельный

names: נורית כדורית


slug: ranunculus-spicatus

scientific: Ranunculus spicatus

authorship: Desf.

epithet: spicatus

Ranunculus blepharicarpos

authorship: Boiss.

Ranunculus rupestris

authorship: Guss.

Ranunculus warionii

authorship: Freyn

codes: ALG MOR TUN SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

region: Southwestern Europe

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

climate: subtropical

authors: Desf.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-sulphureus

scientific: Ranunculus sulphureus

authorship: Sol.

epithet: sulphureus

published_in: Voy. North Pole : 202 (1774)

preferred: sulphur buttercup

source: wikidata

Ranunculus altaicus subsp. sulphureus

authorship: (Sol.) Kadota

Ranunculus nivalis subsp. intercedens

authorship: (Hultén) Vorosch.

Ranunculus nivalis subsp. sulphureus

authorship: (J.B.Phipps) Vorosch.

Ranunculus nivalis var. intercedens

authorship: (Hultén) B.Boivin

Ranunculus sulphureus var. intercedens

authorship: Hultén

codes: ALT BRY CTA IRK KAM KRA KUR TVA WSB YAK RUE FIN RUN NOR SVA SWE ASK ALU BRC GNL LAB NWT NUN QUE YUK

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Yakutiya

code: YAK

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

Finland

code: FIN

region: Northern Europe

North European Russia

code: RUN

Norway

code: NOR

Svalbard

code: SVA

Sweden

code: SWE

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

Greenland

code: GNL

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Nunavut

code: NUN

Québec

code: QUE

Yukon

code: YUK

climate: subalpine or subarctic

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 232 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bradysia
Drymeia segnis
Eukiefferiella
Limnophyes
Lophosceles minimus
Platycheirus lundbecki
Spilogona dorsata
Spilogona sanctipauli

partners:
Limnophyes
Bradysia
Drymeia segnis
Eukiefferiella
Limnophyes brachytomus
Lophosceles minimus
Platycheirus lundbecki
Smittia

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-taisanensis

scientific: Ranunculus taisanensis

authorship: Hayata

epithet: taisanensis

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 20 (1911)

Ranunculus taisanensis var. tripartitus

authorship: Ohwi

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 267 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 臺灣毛莨 鹿場毛莨

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

authors: Hayata

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(Art. 1):  20

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-ternatus

scientific: Ranunculus ternatus

authorship: Thunb.

epithet: ternatus

preferred: catclaw buttercup

Ranunculus dissectissimus

authorship: (Migo) Luferov

Ranunculus extorris

authorship: Hance

Ranunculus zuccarinii

authorship: Miq.

name: Ranunculus zuccarinii var. dissectissimus

authorship: Migo

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR NNS TAI

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

lifeform: perennial or helophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 86 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: 猫爪草 小毛茛

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: annual

authors: Thunb.

published_in: Fl. Jap. (Lipsiae) 241

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-testiculatus

scientific: Ranunculus testiculatus

authorship: Crantz

epithet: testiculatus

published_in: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97 (1763)

preferred: curveseed butterwort

source: usda

Ceratocephala orthoceras

authorship: DC.

Ceratocephala reflexa

authorship: Steven

Ceratocephala testiculata

authorship: (Crantz) Besser

Ranunculus orthoceras

authorship: (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Schmalh.

codes: ALG MOR AFG ALT IRN KAZ KGZ MON NCS TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB WSB CHX PAK WHM AUT BUL RUC CZE RUE HUN KRY YUG ROM RUS UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Altay

code: ALT

Iran

code: IRN

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Pakistan

code: PAK

region: Indian Subcontinent

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

East European Russia

code: RUE

Hungary

code: HUN

Krym

code: KRY

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1970 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Stirp. Austr. ed. I. fasc ii. 97; ed. II. ? 19; Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. iii. 386


slug: ranunculus-thora

scientific: Ranunculus thora

authorship: L.

epithet: thora

Ranunculus insubricus

authorship: Ces.

Ranunculus schottii

authorship: Dalla Torre

Ranunculus scutatus

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

Ranunculus squamosus

authorship: Dulac

Ranunculus tatrae

authorship: Borbás

Thora venefica

authorship: Fourr.

codes: ALB AUT CZE FRA ITA YUG POL ROM SPA SWI UKR

Albania

code: ALB

France

code: FRA

Italy

code: ITA

Poland

code: POL

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 275 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Aconite
Kidney-leaved Crowfoot

names: Лютик татранский

names:
Renoncule Thora
Renoncule thora, Renoncule vénéneuse

names:
Ranuncolo erba tora
Ranuncolo erba-tora

partners:
Aglais urticae
Andrena bicolor
Andrena florivaga
Andrena haemorrhoa
Andrena humilis
Andrena labiata
Andrena nitida
Anthocharis euphenoides

partners:
Microtus agrestis
Acanthis flammea
Agrochola lychnidis
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Aleyrodes lonicerae
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Height

category: Size

value: perennial

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: May-Jul

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology


slug: ranunculus-trichophyllus

scientific: Ranunculus trichophyllus

authorship: Chaix

epithet: trichophyllus

published_in: Hist. Pl. Dauphiné (Villars) 1: 335 (1786)

preferred: Thread-leaved Water-crowfoot

english:
Thread-leaved Water-crowfoot
thread-leaved water-crowfoot
threadleaf crowfoot
water buttercup

Batrachium aquatile subsp. caespitosum

authorship: Piper

Batrachium aquatile subsp. pantothrix

authorship: (Brot.) Piper

Batrachium aquatile var. flaccidum

authorship: Cockerell

Batrachium aspergillifolium

authorship: Dumort.

Batrachium bipontinum

authorship: F.Schultz ex Gren. & Godr.

Batrachium divaricatum

authorship: (Schrank) Wimm.

authorship: Wimm.

Batrachium drouetii

authorship: Nym.

Batrachium flaccidum

authorship: (Pers.) Rupr.

Batrachium jingponse

authorship: G.Y.Zhang, Chen Wang & X.Jun Liu

Batrachium kabulense

authorship: Tamura

Batrachium lutulentum

authorship: Nyman

Batrachium minimum

authorship: Schur

Batrachium pantothrix

authorship: (Brot.) Gray

Batrachium paucistamineum var. drouetii

authorship: (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Gelert

Batrachium pedunculare

authorship: Greene

Batrachium saichinense

authorship: Klinkova

name: Batrachium trichophyllum var. caespitosus

authorship: Britton & A.Br.

name: Batrachium trichophyllum var. jingpoense

authorship: (G.Y.Chang et al.) W.T.Wang

name: Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. trichophyllus

authorship: (Chaix ex Vill.) Moore & Moore

Ranunculus aquatilis var. brachypus

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Ranunculus aquatilis var. capillaceus

authorship: (Thuill.) DC.

Ranunculus aquatilis var. divaricatus

authorship: (Schrank) A.Gray

Ranunculus aquatilis var. trichophyllus

authorship: (Chaix) A.Gray

Ranunculus aschersonii

authorship: Freyn

Ranunculus brattius

authorship: Beck

Ranunculus britannicus

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Ranunculus cesatianus

authorship: Caldes.

Ranunculus divaricatus

authorship: Schrank

Ranunculus dolichopodus

authorship: A.Kern. ex Freyn

Ranunculus drouetii

authorship: F.W.Schultz ex Godr.

Ranunculus flaccidus

authorship: Pers.

Ranunculus flaccidus var. drouetii

authorship: (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Hegi

Ranunculus hydrocharis f. drouetii

authorship: (F.W.Schultz ex Godr.) Hiern

Ranunculus hydrocharis f. trichophyllus

authorship: (Chaix) Hiern

Ranunculus hydrocharis var. cespitosus

authorship: (Thuill.) Spenn.

Ranunculus jingpoensis

authorship: (G.Y.Zhang, Chen Wang & X.Jun Liu) Luferov

Ranunculus leonardii

authorship: Sennen

Ranunculus martini

authorship: Lamotte

Ranunculus pantothrix

authorship: Brot.

Ranunculus paucistamineus

authorship: Tausch

Ranunculus peucedanoides

authorship: Desf.

Ranunculus saichinensis

authorship: (Klinkova) Luferov

name: Ranunculus trichophyllus var. trichophyllus

codes: ALG CNY EGY ETH LBY MOR TUN AFG ALT AMU BRY CHN CHC CTA EAI CHI IRN IRK KAM KAZ KHA KGZ KRA KUR LBS MAG CHM NCS PAL PRM CHQ SAK TZK CHT TCS TKM TVA TUR UZB WSB CHX YAK ASS EHM IND NEP PAK WHM NSW SOA TAS VIC ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRI KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR ASK ABT ALU ARI ARK BRC CAL CNT DEL GNL IDA ILL INI IOW KAN LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MXN MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NDA NWT NSC NUN OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO YUK AGW AGS BOL CLS PER

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Egypt

code: EGY

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 790 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Haarblättriger Hahnenfuß
Haarblättriger Wasser-Hahnenfuß

names:
Renoncule à feuilles capillaires
Renoncule a feuilles chevelues

names:
Ranuncolo a foglie capillari
Ranuncolo capillare

names: Водяний жовтець волосистий

names:
Crafanc-y-frân feinddail
Egyllt Dail Edafaidd

partners:
Microtus agrestis
Agrochola lychnidis
Aleyrodes lonicerae
Anthaxia quadripunctata
Aphis fabae
Aphis nasturtii
Aphrophora alni
Aploneura lentisci


slug: ranunculus-trilobus

scientific: Ranunculus trilobus

epithet: trilobus

preferred: threelobe buttercup

Ranunculus rhaeadifolius

authorship: Poir.

Ranunculus rhoeadifolius

authorship: DC.

Ranunculus rosani

authorship: Ten.

codes: ALG AZO CNY LBY MDR MOR TUN ALB BAL COR FRA GRC ITA POR SAR SIC SPA

Azores

code: AZO

Madeira

code: MDR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 107 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Bafo-de-Boi-Trilobado Patalôco-verde

names: Renoncule trilobée, Renoncule à feuilles à trois lobes, Renoncule à trois lobes

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: therophyte


slug: ranunculus-tuberosus

scientific: Ranunculus tuberosus

authorship: Lapeyr.

epithet: tuberosus

published_in: Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 1: 320 (1813)

Ranunculastrum mixtum

authorship: (Jord.) Fourr.

Ranunculastrum nemorosum

authorship: (DC.) Fourr.

Ranunculus alpicola

authorship: Schur

Ranunculus amansii

authorship: Jord.

Ranunculus aureus

authorship: Schleich.

Ranunculus crantzii

authorship: Hedw.

Ranunculus delacouri

authorship: Gaudefroy & Mabille

Ranunculus lecokii

authorship: Boreau

Ranunculus nemorosus subsp. mixtus

authorship: (Jord.) Tzvelev

Ranunculus obtusifolius

authorship: Hornem.

Ranunculus oreophilus subsp. balcanicus

authorship: Micevski

Ranunculus perusianus

authorship: Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.

Ranunculus peyrousianus

authorship: Freyn

Ranunculus ponticus

authorship: Willd.

Ranunculus questieri

authorship: Billot

Ranunculus serpens subsp. nemorosus

authorship: (DC.) G.López

Ranunculus spretus

authorship: Jord. ex Boreau

codes: ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL COR CZE DEN FRA GER GRC ITA YUG NET RUW POL ROM RUS SPA SWI UKR

Austria

code: AUT

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

Germany

code: GER

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 130 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: ranunculus-turneri

scientific: Ranunculus turneri

authorship: Greene

epithet: turneri

preferred: Turner's buttercup

Ranunculus jacuticus

authorship: Ovcz.

Ranunculus occidentalis subsp. turneri

authorship: (Greene) J.P.Anderson

Ranunculus occidentalis var. turneri

authorship: (Greene) L.D.Benson

Ranunculus propinquus subsp. turneri

authorship: Jelen. & Derv.-Sok.

Ranunculus turneri subsp. jacuticus

authorship: (Ovcz.) Tolm.

codes: AMU KAM KHA KRA MAG YAK ASK NWT YUK

Amur

code: AMU

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

region: Siberia

Magadan

code: MAG

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Yukon

code: YUK

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

names: Лютик Турнера

authors: Greene

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-uncinatus

scientific: Ranunculus uncinatus

authorship: D.Don ex G.Don

epithet: uncinatus

preferred: woodland buttercup

Ranunculus greenei

authorship: Howell

name: Ranunculus occidentalis var. parviflorus

authorship: Torr.

Ranunculus uncinatus var. parviflorus

authorship: (Torr.) L.D.Benson

codes: KAM ASK ABT ALU ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MXN MNT NEV NWM ORE WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

region: Mexico

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1804 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
woodland buttercup
hooked buttercup

names:
renoncule de Bongard
renoncule à crochets


slug: ranunculus-velutinus

scientific: Ranunculus velutinus

authorship: Ten.

epithet: velutinus

published_in: Index Seminum (NAP, Neapolitano) 1825: 12 (1825)

Ranunculus haarbachii

authorship: De Not. ex Ces.

codes: EAI TUR ALB BUL COR FRA GRC ITA YUG SAR SIC TUE

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Sphaerophoria scripta
Aglais urticae
Andrena bicolor
Andrena florivaga
Andrena haemorrhoa
Andrena humilis
Andrena labiata
Andrena nitida

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

authors: Ten.

published_in: Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap. (1825) II. n. 23

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ranunculus-verticillatus

scientific: Ranunculus verticillatus

authorship: Kirk

epithet: verticillatus

published_in: Stud. Fl. New Zealand : 13 (1899)

Ranunculus clivalis

authorship: Allan

codes: NZN NZS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 227 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Kirk

published_in: Stud. Fl. New Zealand 13


slug: ranunculus-vjatkensis

scientific: Ranunculus vjatkensis

authorship: Tzvelev

epithet: vjatkensis

published_in: Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 80(7): 80 (1995)

codes: RUE RUN RUW

East European Russia

code: RUE

North European Russia

code: RUN

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

names: Лютик вятский

authors: Tzvelev

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-albosericea

scientific: Raoulia albosericea

authorship: Colenso

genus: Raoulia

epithet: albosericea

family: Asteraceae

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. xx. 1887 (1888) 195.

Raoulia australis var. albosericea

authorship: (Colenso) Kirk

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 376 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Colenso

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 20: 195

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-apicinigra

scientific: Raoulia apicinigra

epithet: apicinigra

published_in: (1879). Kirk, T. 1879[1878] : Descriptions of New Plants. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 11: 463-466.

Raoulia australis var. apicinigra

authorship: (Kirk) Kirk

Raoulia hookeri var. apicinigra

authorship: (Kirk) Allan

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 113 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: raoulia-australis

scientific: Raoulia australis

authorship: Hook.f. ex Raoul

epithet: australis

Raoulia lutescens

authorship: Beauverd

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1423 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Golden scabweed
Common mat daisy

partners:
Leioproctus fulvescens
Leioproctus maritimus
Proscissio albiceps
Lycaena boldenarium
Rhypodes chinai

value: subshrub

value: chamaephyte

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

authors: Hook.f. ex Raoul

published_in: Choix Pl. Nouv.-Zel. 20. t. 15

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: raoulia-beauverdii

scientific: Raoulia beauverdii

authorship: Cockayne

epithet: beauverdii

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 46: 64 (1914) (1913 publ. 1914)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 144 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Cockayne

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 46: 64

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-bryoides

scientific: Raoulia bryoides

epithet: bryoides

published_in: Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 2: 322

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-buchananii

scientific: Raoulia buchananii

epithet: buchananii

published_in: Fl. New Zealand : 307

Psychrophyton buchanani

authorship: (Kirk) Anderb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 122 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fl. New Zealand 1: 307

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: raoulia-eximia

scientific: Raoulia eximia

epithet: eximia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 339 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Tutahuna Tutāhuna

published_in: Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 149


slug: raoulia-glabra

scientific: Raoulia glabra

epithet: glabra

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 718 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Smooth Mat Daisy
Mat daisy

published_in: Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 1: 135


slug: raoulia-grandiflora

scientific: Raoulia grandiflora

epithet: grandiflora

Gnaphalium fasciculatum

authorship: Buchanan

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Melangyna novaezealandiae
Muscidae

published_in: Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 1: 136, t. 37 A


slug: raoulia-haastii

scientific: Raoulia haastii

epithet: haastii

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 129 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 148

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-hookeri

scientific: Raoulia hookeri

epithet: hookeri

published_in: Fl. New Zealand i. 705 (1961)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 663 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Scabweed mat daisy
Scabweed

authors: Allan

published_in: Fl. New Zealand 1: 705


slug: raoulia-mammillaris

scientific: Raoulia mammillaris

epithet: mammillaris

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 111 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 150

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-monroi

scientific: Raoulia monroi

epithet: monroi

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 213 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: raoulia-parkii

scientific: Raoulia parkii

epithet: parkii

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. xiv. (1882) 355.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 184 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Buchanan

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 14: 355


slug: raoulia-petriensis

scientific: Raoulia petriensis

epithet: petriensis

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. ix. (1877) 549.

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 9: 549

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-rubra

scientific: Raoulia rubra

epithet: rubra

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. xiv. (1882) 349.

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 14: 349


slug: raoulia-subsericea

scientific: Raoulia subsericea

epithet: subsericea

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 950 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Turf-mat daisy
Turf mat daisy

partners:
Zealandotachina nigrifemorata
Heteria appendiculata
Heteria plebeia
Heteria plebia
Leioproctus
Leioproctus hudsoni
Limnohelina
Lycaena boldenarium

partners:
Heteria appendiculata
Leioproctus
Lycaena salustius
Proscissio albiceps
Zealandotachina nigrifemorata

published_in: Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 1: 136


slug: raoulia-subulata

scientific: Raoulia subulata

epithet: subulata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raoulia-tenuicaulis

scientific: Raoulia tenuicaulis

epithet: tenuicaulis

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 894 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: tutahuna Tutāhuna


slug: raoulia-youngii

scientific: Raoulia youngii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Beauverd

epithet: youngii

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 4(1): 47 (1912)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 88 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Hook.f.) Beauverd

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 4(1): 47, clav

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: rapatea-paludosa

scientific: Rapatea paludosa

authorship: Aubl.

genus: Rapatea

epithet: paludosa

family: Rapateaceae

Mnasium paludosum

authorship: (Aubl.) Willd.

Rapatea schultesiana

authorship: García-Barr. & L.E.Mora

codes: BZN BZE CLM FRG GUY PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guyana

code: GUY

Panamá

code: PAN

region: Central America

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

region: Caribbean

Venezuela

code: VEN

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Aubl.

published_in: Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 305, t. 118


slug: raphanus-raphanistrum

scientific: Raphanus raphanistrum

authorship: L.

genus: Raphanus

epithet: raphanistrum

family: Brassicaceae

preferred: Wild radish

english:
Wild radish
wild radish

source: inat

Brassica heleniana

authorship: Burch. ex Loudon

Durandea unilocularis

authorship: Delarbre

Malcolmia lacera subsp. lacera

authorship: DC.

Maresia lacera

authorship: (L.) F.Dvořák

Raphanistrum arvense

authorship: Wallr.

Raphanistrum fugax

authorship: Nyman

Raphanistrum innocuum

authorship: Bubani

authorship: Moench

Raphanistrum lampsana

authorship: Gaertn.

Raphanistrum landra

authorship: Rchb.

authorship: (Moretti ex DC.) Link

Raphanistrum maritimum

authorship: (Don) Gray

authorship: (Sm.) Hornem.

Raphanistrum odessanum

authorship: Andrz. ex Besser

authorship: Andrz.

Raphanistrum rostratum

authorship: (DC.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Raphanistrum segetale

authorship: Henckel

Raphanistrum segetum

authorship: Baumg.

Raphanistrum silvestre

authorship: Asch.

Raphanistrum sylvestre

authorship: (Lam.) Asch.

Raphanistrum vulgare

authorship: Gray

Raphanus acanthiformis

authorship: Morel ex L.Sisley

name: Raphanus acanthiformis var. raphanistroides

authorship: (Makino) Hara

Raphanus articulatus

authorship: Stokes

Raphanus biarticulatus

authorship: Willd.

Raphanus indicus

authorship: Sinskaya

Raphanus infestus

authorship: Salisb.

Raphanus landra

authorship: Moretti ex DC.

Raphanus landroides

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Raphanus maritimus

authorship: Sm.

Raphanus maritimus subsp. landra

authorship: (Moretti ex DC.) Rivas Mart.

Raphanus maritimus subsp. littoralis

authorship: Maire

Raphanus microcarpus

authorship: Lange

Raphanus odessanus

authorship: (Andrz. ex Besser) Spreng.

Raphanus oleifer

authorship: hort. ex Steud.

Raphanus orbicularis

authorship: Mill.

Raphanus radicula

authorship: Pers.

Raphanus raphanellus

authorship: Schr. ex Colla

Raphanus raphanistroides

authorship: Nakai

Raphanus raphanistrum f. carneus

authorship: Thell.

Raphanus raphanistrum f. littoralis

authorship: Clavaud

Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. caudatus

authorship: (L.) Thell.

Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. maritimus

authorship: (Sm.) Thell.

name: Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. microcarpus

authorship: (Lange) Thell.

Raphanus raphanistrum var. purpurascens

authorship: Dumort.

Raphanus raphanistrum var. sativus

authorship: (L.) Domin

authorship: (L.) Schmalh.

authorship: (L.) Beck

Raphanus rostratus var. pugioniformis

authorship: O.E.Schulz ex Thell.

Raphanus sativus f. exsuccus

authorship: (Thell.) M.Hiroe

Raphanus sativus subf. silvester

authorship: (Koch) M.Hiroe

Raphanus sativus subsp. acanthiformis

authorship: (Blanch.) Stank.

Raphanus sativus subsp. esculentus

authorship: Metzg.

Raphanus sativus subsp. sinensis

authorship: Sazonova & Stank.

Raphanus sativus var. incarnatus

authorship: Sazonova

Raphanus sativus var. macropodus

authorship: (H.Lév.) Makino

Raphanus sativus var. mougri

authorship: Helm

Raphanus segetum

authorship: (Baumg.) Clavaud

Raphanus sinensis

authorship: Thunb. ex Pritz.

Raphanus stenocarpus

authorship: Kitag.

Raphanus sylvestris

authorship: Lam.

Raphanus syylosus

authorship: Dulac

Rapistrum arvense

authorship: All.

Rapistrum raphanistrum

authorship: Crantz

Sinapis raphanistrum

authorship: Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.

Wilckia lacera

authorship: (L.) Samp.

codes: ALG AZO CNY EGY LBY MDR MOR TUN AFG ALT CYP EAI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS NCS PAL TCS TUR UZB PAK ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2009 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Редька дикая
Редька полевая

names:
Дика редька
Редька дика

partners:
Andrena flavipes
Bombus terrestris
Lasioglossum malachurum
Syrphidae
Amegilla
Andrena
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Amegilla quadrifasciata
Anthocharis cardamines
Anthophora atroalba
Anthophora hispanica
Apis mellifera
Ascia monuste
Battus philenor hirsuta

partners:
Agapostemon texanus
Agapostemon virescens
Andrena agilissima
Andrena flavipes
Andrena niveata
Anthocharis cardamines
Apis mellifera
Axinotarsus pulicarius

partners:
Apis mellifera
Brevicoryne brassicae
Eurydema ornata
Pieris rapae
Acanthis flammea
Aeolothrips fasciatus
Aglais urticae
Alauda arvensis

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: raphia-australis

scientific: Raphia australis

authorship: Oberm. & Strey

genus: Raphia

epithet: australis

family: Arecaceae

preferred: Giant Palm

english:
Giant Palm
Kosi Palm
Rafia

codes: CPP NAT MOZ

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

lifeform: tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 157 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names:
Rafia
Giant Palm

names: 南非酒椰 澳洲象鼻棕

names: Kosipalm Kosi-palm

value: tree

source: EOL TraitBank / Palm Traits 1.0

value: woody

value: phanerophyte

authors: Oberm. & Strey

published_in: Bothalia x. 29 (1969)


slug: raphia-farinifera

scientific: Raphia farinifera

authorship: (Gaertn.) Hyl.

epithet: farinifera

preferred: raffia palm

Metroxylon ruffia

authorship: (Jacq.) Spreng.

Raphia kirkii

authorship: Engl. ex Becc.

Raphia lyciosa

authorship: Comm. ex Kunth

Raphia ruffia

authorship: (Jacq.) Mart.

Raphia tamatavensis

authorship: Sadeb.

Sagus farinifera

authorship: Gaertn.

Sagus pedunculata

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Poir.

Sagus ruffia

authorship: Jacq.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ANG BEN BKN CMN COM CON GAM GHA IVO KEN MDG MLW MOZ NGA SEN SIE TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burkina

code: BKN

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Comoros

code: COM

region: Western Indian Ocean

Congo

code: CON

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

Nigeria

code: NGA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 103 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names:
raffia palm
Raphia Palm

names: Coco-verniz palmeira-ráfia

names: Bastpalme Raffiapalme

names:
Mouffia
Palmier Raphia


slug: raphionacme-galpinii

scientific: Raphionacme galpinii

authorship: Schltr.

genus: Raphionacme

epithet: galpinii

family: Apocynaceae

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 2 (1894)

codes: SWZ OFS NAT MOZ TVL

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 244 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

value: geophyte

authors: Schltr.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18(4, Beibl. 45): 2

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raphionacme-hirsuta

scientific: Raphionacme hirsuta

authorship: (E.Mey.) R.A.Dyer

epithet: hirsuta

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa 22: t. 853 (1942)

Apoxyanthera pubescens

authorship: Hochst.

Mafekingia parquetiana

authorship: Baill.

Raphionacme divaricata

authorship: Harv.

Raphionacme hirsuta var. glabra

authorship: (N.E.Br.) R.A.Dyer

Raphionacme obovata

authorship: Turcz.

Raphionacme pubescens

authorship: (Hochst.) Hochst.

codes: CPP OFS NAT LES TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Lesotho

code: LES

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 500 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Incema umathangane

partners:
Australoechus hirtus
unidentified

authors: (E.Mey.sec.N.E.Brown) R.A.Dyer

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa xxii. t. 853 (1942)

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: raphionacme-procumbens

scientific: Raphionacme procumbens

epithet: procumbens

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 51: 11 (1895)

codes: SWZ NAT MOZ TVL ZIM

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 74 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 卧地薯萝藦 白皮萝藦

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20(5, Beibl. 51): 11


slug: raphionacme-velutina

scientific: Raphionacme velutina

epithet: velutina

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 51: 12 (1895)

Brachystelma viridiflorum

authorship: Turrill

Raphionacme dinteri

authorship: Schltr. ex Schinz

codes: ANG BOT CPP CPV OFS NAM TVL ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Namibia

code: NAM

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 68 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 白皮萝藦 白皮薯萝藦

names: kgaba thobokwe

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20(5, Beibl. 51): 12

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: rapicactus-beguinii

scientific: Rapicactus beguinii

authorship: (N.P.Taylor) Lüthy

genus: Rapicactus

epithet: beguinii

family: Cactaceae

Neolloydia glassii

authorship: Doweld

Neolloydia glassii subsp. hintoniorum

authorship: (A.Hofer) Doweld

Rapicactus beguinii subsp. laurae

authorship: D.Donati & Zanov.

Turbinicarpus beguinii

authorship: (N.P.Taylor) Mosco & Zanov.

name: Turbinicarpus beguinii subsp. haenkeanus

authorship: Halda, Horáček & Malina

name: Turbinicarpus beguinii subsp. hintoniorum

Turbinicarpus beguinii subsp. senilis

authorship: Zachar & Lux

name: Turbinicarpus mandragora subsp. beguinii

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

lifeform: succulent subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 286 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Biznaga plateada
cola de venado

authors: (N.P.Taylor) Lüthy


slug: rapistrum-perenne

scientific: Rapistrum perenne

authorship: (L.) All.

genus: Rapistrum

epithet: perenne

preferred: perennial bastardcabbage

Arthrolobus perennis

authorship: Andrz. ex DC.

Cakile perennis

authorship: (L.) L'Her. ex DC.

authorship: (L.) L'Hér. ex DC.

Myagrum biarticulatum

authorship: Cranz

Myagrum bienne

authorship: Chaix

Myagrum perenne

authorship: L.

Rapistrum costatum

authorship: DC.

Rapistrum diffusum

authorship: Crantz

Schrankia divaricata

authorship: Moench

codes: NCS AUT BUL RUC CZE GER HUN YUG ROM RUS UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

region: Southeastern Europe

Central European Russia

code: RUC

region: Eastern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 202 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
perennial bastardcabbage
Steppe Cabbage

names: Репник многолетний

names:
Ausdauernder Windsbock
Ausdauernder Rapsdotter

names: Ріпниця багаторічна

names: Bollgilia Fjädergilia

names:
Flerårig knopskulpe
Tornet brodfrø

names:
Rekenyő
évelő rekenyő

names: püsik-sineprõolkjas püsik-sineptõlkjas

names:
Berwr y Rhos
Bresych y Paith

partners:
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum
Andrena suerinensis
Hylaeus angustatus

partners:
Brevicoryne brassicae
Ceutorhynchus assimilis
Ceutorhynchus leprieuri
Ceutorhynchus pulvinatus
Lygus rugulipennis
Phyllotreta atra
Phyllotreta cruciferae
Phyllotreta undulata

source: GIFT

value: 1 m


slug: rapistrum-rugosum

scientific: Rapistrum rugosum

epithet: rugosum

preferred: annual bastard cabbage

english:
annual bastard cabbage
annual bastardcabbage
bastard cabbage
common giant mustard
turnipweed

Bunias raphanifolia

authorship: Sm.

Cakile clavata

authorship: (DC.) Spreng.

Cochlearia rugosa

authorship: (L.) Crantz

Cordylocarpus glaber

authorship: Dietr. ex Steud.

Hirschfeldia hispanica

authorship: (L.) Linding.

Myagrum clavatum

authorship: Poir.

Myagrum monospermum

authorship: Forssk.

Myagrum procumbens

authorship: Pourr.

Myagrum venosum

authorship: Pers.

Rapistrum clavatum

authorship: (Poir.) DC.

Rapistrum confusum

authorship: Pomel

Rapistrum glabrum

authorship: Host

Rapistrum hispidum

authorship: Godr.

Rapistrum linnaeanum

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Rapistrum longeracemosum

authorship: Sennen

Rapistrum microcarpum

authorship: Jord. ex Loret

Rapistrum nemausense

authorship: (Roux ex Cabanes) P.Fourn. & Cabanes

Rapistrum rugosum subsp. linnaeanum

authorship: (Coss.) Rouy & Foucaud

Rapistrum rugosum subsp. orientale

authorship: (L.) Arcang.

Rapistrum rugosum var. stylosum

authorship: (DC.) DC.

Rapistrum rugosum var. venosum

authorship: (Pers.) DC.

Rapistrum venosum

authorship: Nyman

Schrankia rugosa

authorship: (L.) Medik.

codes: ALG AZO CNY EGY ERI ETH LBY MDR MOR TUN CYP EAI IRN IRQ KGZ LBS NCS PAL SAU TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB YEM ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

Azores

code: AZO

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

region: Central Asia

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2033 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Репник морщинистый

names:
Runzliger Rapsdotter
Runzliger Windsbock

names:
rapistre rugueux
Rapistre rugueux, Ravaniscle

names: Ріпниця зморшкувата

names: בקבוקון מקומט

partners:
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum
Andrena suerinensis
Apis mellifera

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Alypia octomaculata
Amegilla quadrifasciata
Anthocharis midea
Atlides halesus
Bombus pascuorum
Colias eurytheme
Danaus gilippus

partners:
Danaus plexippus
Eristalis stipator
Hemiargus ceraunus
Junonia coenia
Kricogonia lyside
Murgantia histrionica
Pontia protodice
Strymon melinus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Anthocharis scolymus
Brevicoryne brassicae
Ceutorhynchus assimilis
Ceutorhynchus leprieuri
Ceutorhynchus picitarsis
Chromatomyia horticola
Columbina passerina

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: ratibida-columnifera

scientific: Ratibida columnifera

authorship: (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl.

genus: Ratibida

epithet: columnifera

preferred: upright prairie coneflower

english:
upright prairie coneflower
Mexican hat

Lepachys columnaris

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Lepachys columnaris var. pulcherrima

authorship: (DC.) Torr. & A.Gray

Lepachys columnifera

authorship: (Nutt.) J.F.Macbr.

Obeliscaria columnaris

authorship: DC.

Obeliscaria drummondii

authorship: (Paxton) Graham

Ratibida columnaris

authorship: (Sims) D.Don

authorship: Raf.

Ratibida columnaris var. pulcherrima

authorship: (DC.) D.Don

Ratibida columnifera f. pulcherrima

authorship: (DC.) Fernald

Ratibida pulcherrima

authorship: Steud.

Rudbeckia columnaris

authorship: Sims

authorship: Pursh

Rudbeckia columnaris var. pulcherrima

authorship: (DC.) Rothr.

Rudbeckia columnifera

authorship: Nutt.

Rudbeckia drummondii

authorship: Paxton

codes: ABT ARI ARK BRC COL ILL INI IOW KAN LOU MAN MAS MXC MXG MXE MXN MIN MSO MNT NEB NWJ NWM NCA NDA OKL ONT SAS SDA TEN TEX UTA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

British Columbia

code: BRC

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Louisiana

code: LOU

Manitoba

code: MAN

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

North Carolina

code: NCA

North Dakota

code: NDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1993 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рудбекия колонконосная

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus rufocinctus
Bombus impatiens
Agapostemon virescens
Anthophila
Bombus ternarius
Burnsius communis
Calephelis nemesis

partners:
Andrena rudbeckiae
Achyra rantalis
Acmaeodera mixta
Andrena runcinatae
Attalus nigripes
Batyle suturalis
Brachygastra mellifica
Brephidium exilis

partners:
Homoeosoma electella
Aphis gossypii
Apis mellifera
Brachygastra mellifica
Dactylotum bicolor variegatum
Echinargus isola
Epimelissodes petulcus
Eristalis stipator

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)


slug: ratibida-peduncularis

scientific: Ratibida peduncularis

authorship: Barnhart

epithet: peduncularis

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24(8): 411 (1897)

preferred: naked Mexicanhat

source: wikidata

Ratibida picta

authorship: Small

codes: LOU MXE TEX

Texas

code: TEX

names:
naked Mexicanhat
Mexican-hat

partners:
Colpa octomaculata
Eremnophila aureonotata
Liorhyssus hyalinus
Megachile policaris
Megachile xylocopoides
Melissodes tepaneca
Strymon melinus
Xylocopa virginica

partners:
Apis mellifera
Atteva punctella
Colpa octomaculata
Danaus gilippus
Eremnophila aureonotata
Helicoverpa zea
Liorhyssus hyalinus
Megachile policaris

authors: Barnhart

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24(8): 411


slug: ratibida-pinnata

scientific: Ratibida pinnata

authorship: (Vent.) Barnhart

epithet: pinnata

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24(8): 410 (1897)

preferred: grey-headed coneflower

english:
grey-headed coneflower
pinnate prairie coneflower

Helianthus pinnata

authorship: (Vent.) E.H.L.Krause

Lepachys pinnata

authorship: (Vent.) Torr. & A.Gray

Obeliscaria pinnata

authorship: (Vent.) Cass.

Rudbeckia laevis

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Rudbeckia pinnata

authorship: Vent.

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWY OHI OKL ONT SDA TEN VER WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

New York

code: NWY

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

South Dakota

code: SDA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2015 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
pinnate prairie coneflower
Drooping Prairie-coneflower

names: 羽叶松果菊 羽叶草光菊

names: Ратибида перистая

names:
Ratibida penné, Rudbeckia penné
ratibida à feuilles pennées

partners:
Anacrabro ocellatus
Andrena miserabilis
Andrena pruni
Anoplodera pubera
Apallates coxendix
Ashmeadiella bucconis
Augochlorella aurata
Augochlorella persimilis

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Andrena rudbeckiae
Ammophila pictipennis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus rufocinctus
Melissodes bimaculatus
Apis mellifera
Bembix americana spinolae

partners:
Ammophila pictipennis
Andrena rudbeckiae
Asphondylia ratibidae
Bembix americana spinolae
Bicyrtes ventralis
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fraternus
Bombus griseocollis

partners:
Ammophila pictipennis
Andrena rudbeckiae
Atteva punctella
Batyle suturalis
Bembix americana
Bison
Bombus auricomus
Bombus bimaculatus


slug: ratibida-tagetes

scientific: Ratibida tagetes

authorship: (E.James) Barnhart

epithet: tagetes

preferred: green prairie coneflower

Lepachys columnaris var. tagetes

authorship: (E.James) A.Gray

Obeliscaria tagetes

authorship: DC.

Rudbeckia columnaris var. tagetes

authorship: (E.James) Rothr.

codes: ARI COL KAN MXE MXN NWM OKL TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 293 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
green prairie coneflower
Short-ray prairie coneflower

partners:
Sedum
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus pensylvanicus
Echinargus isola
Halictus ligatus

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem

label: Growth rate

value: rapid

value: deciduous

label: Foliage colour

value: green


slug: raukaua-anomalus

scientific: Raukaua anomalus

authorship: (Hook.) A.D.Mitch., Frodin & Heads

genus: Raukaua

epithet: anomalus

family: Araliaceae

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot.  35: 312 (1997)

Neopanax anomalus

authorship: (Hook.) Allan

Nothopanax anomalus

authorship: (Hook.) Seem.

Nothopanax microphyllus

authorship: (Colenso) Harms

Panax anomalus

authorship: Hook.

Panax anomalus var. microphyllus

authorship: (Colenso) Kirk

Panax microphyllus

authorship: Colenso

Pseudopanax anomalus

authorship: (Hook.) K.Koch

New Zealand North

code: NZN

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1138 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

value: nanophanerophyte

value: 3 m

authors: (Hook.) A.D.Mitch., Frodin & Heads

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raukaua-edgerleyi

scientific: Raukaua edgerleyi

authorship: (Hook.f.) Seem.

epithet: edgerleyi

Nothopanax edgerleyi

authorship: (Hook.f.) Harms

Pseudopanax edgerleyi

authorship: (Hook.f.) K.Koch ex Allan

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 727 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 婁蔻樹 王香樹

names: Раукауа Эдгерлея

names: Homanoroa Raukawa

partners:
Acanthisitta chloris
Anthornis melanura
Chloris chloris
Cyanoramphus auriceps
Esthiopterum gruis
Finschia novaeseelandiae
Fringilla coelebs
Gerygone igata

authors: (Hook.f.) Seem.

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raukaua-laetevirens

scientific: Raukaua laetevirens

authorship: (Gay) Frodin

epithet: laetevirens

published_in: World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae : 308 (2003 publ. 2004)

Aralia laetevirens

authorship: Gay

Aralia paniculata

authorship: Phil.

Cheirodendron laetevirens

authorship: (Gay) Seem.

Neopanax laetevirens

authorship: (Gay) Muñoz

Panax laetevirens

authorship: (Gay) Baill.

Pseudopanax laetevirens

authorship: Franch.

Pseudopanax racemiferus

authorship: (Miq.) Ball

Sciodaphyllum racemiferum

authorship: Miq. ex Seem.

authorship: Miq.

codes: AGS CLC CLS

Argentina South

code: AGS

region: Southern South America

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile South

code: CLS

lifeform: hemiepiphytic shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 440 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

value: perennial

authors: (Gay) Frodin

published_in: World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 308

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: raukaua-simplex

scientific: Raukaua simplex

authorship: (G.Forst.) A.D.Mitch., Frodin & Heads

epithet: simplex

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot.  35: 313 (1997)

preferred: Haumakāroa

Neopanax simplex

authorship: (G.Forst.) Allan

Neopanax simplex var. sinclairii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Allan

Nothopanax integrifolius

authorship: (Colenso) Harms

Nothopanax simplex

authorship: (G.Forst.) Seem.

Panax simplex var. quercifolius

authorship: Kirk

Pseudopanax simplex

authorship: (G.Forst.) K.Koch

Pseudopanax simplex var. sinclairii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Edgar

codes: ATP NZN NZS

Antipodean Is.

code: ATP

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1672 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 婁蔻蔘 紐西蘭蔘

names: Haumakoroa Haumakāroa

partners:
Acanthisitta chloris
Aka westlandica
Anthornis melanura
Chloris chloris
Cosella simplicis
Cyanoramphus auriceps
Eumetriochroa panacivermiforma
Finschia novaeseelandiae

value: 8 m

authors: (G.Forst.) A.D.Mitch., Frodin & Heads

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: raukaua-valdiviensis

scientific: Raukaua valdiviensis

authorship: (Gay) Frodin

epithet: valdiviensis

published_in: World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae : 311 (2003 publ. 2004)

Aralia valdiviensis

authorship: Gay

Pseudopanax valdiviensis

authorship: (Gay) Harms

lifeform: scrambling shrub or liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 311

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: raulinoreitzia-tremula

scientific: Raulinoreitzia tremula

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) R.M.King & H.Rob.

genus: Raulinoreitzia

epithet: tremula

name: Eupatorium crenulatum var. xylophylloides

authorship: (DC.) Hicken

name: Eupatorium dendroides var. xylophylloides

authorship: (DC.) Baker

Eupatorium tremulum

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

codes: AGE AGS BOL BZE BZS BZL BZC URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

region: Brazil

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Uruguay

code: URU

authors: (Hook. & Arn.) R.M.King & H.Rob.

published_in: Phytologia 22: 114

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: rauvolfia-afra

scientific: Rauvolfia afra

authorship: Sond.

genus: Rauvolfia

epithet: afra

Rauvolfia afra var. natalensis

authorship: Stapf ex Hiern

Rauvolfia goetzei

authorship: Stapf

Rauvolfia gonioclada

authorship: K.Schum. ex Stapf

Rauvolfia leucopoda

authorship: K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand

Rauvolfia mayombensis

authorship: Pellegr.

codes: ANG BEN CMN CPP CAF CHA CON ZAI EQG SWZ GAB GGI KEN NAT MLW MOZ NGA TVL SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Gabon

code: GAB

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 534 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: rauvolfia-sandwicensis

scientific: Rauvolfia sandwicensis

epithet: sandwicensis

preferred: devil's-pepper

Aspidosperma tuberculatum

authorship: (Vahl) Benoist ex Pichon

Bleekeria sandwicensis

authorship: (A.DC.) Koidz.

Excavatia sandwicensis

authorship: (DC.) Markgr.

Macaglia tuberculata

authorship: Vahl

Ochrosia tuberculata

authorship: (Vahl) Pichon

Rauvolfia degeneri

authorship: Sherff

Rauvolfia molokaiensis var. parvifolia

authorship: O.Deg. & Sherff

name: Rauvolfia sandwicensis var. subacuminata

Hawaii

code: HAW

continent: PACIFIC

region: North-Central Pacific

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 52 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: devil's-pepper Hao

source: USDA PLANTS

label: Fruit type

value: drupe

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: rauvolfia-serpentina

scientific: Rauvolfia serpentina

authorship: Benth. ex Kurz

epithet: serpentina

published_in: Forest Fl. Burma 2: 171 (1877)

preferred: Snakeroot

english:
Snakeroot
serpentine wood

Ophioxylon album

authorship: Gaertn.

Ophioxylon obversum

authorship: Miq.

Ophioxylon salutiferum

authorship: Salisb.

Ophioxylon serpentinum

authorship: L.

Rauvolfia obversa

authorship: (Miq.) Baill.

Rauvolfia serpentina var. obversa

authorship: (Miq.) Bakh.f.

Rauvolfia trifoliata

authorship: (Gaertn.) Baill.

codes: CHC AND ASS BAN CBD EHM IND JAW LDV LAO LSI MLY MYA NEP SRL THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Laccadive Is.

code: LDV

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 206 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Reserpine

activities: Abortifacient AntiRaynaud's Antiadrenergic Anticonvulsant Antidyskinetic Antihypertensive Antileukemic Antimigraine

Rescinnamine

activities: Antihypertensive Sedative Tranquilizer

Yohimbine

activities: Adrenergic-Blocker Adrenolytic Anesthetic Antiacetylcholinesterase Antianginal Antiatherosclerotic Antidepressant Antidiuretic

Papaverine

activities: AntiHIV Antianginal Antiasthmatic Anticerebrotic Anticholinergic Antiedemic Antiimpotence Antiischemic

Ajmaline

activities: Adrenolytic Allergenic Antiarrhythmic Antihypertensive Antihypertonic Calcium-Antagonist Cardiodepressant Cardiotoxic

Ajmalicine

activities: Adrenolytic Antiadrenergic Antiaggregant Antidiuretic Antihypertensive CNS-Depressant Cerebrocirculant Circulotonic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
serpentine wood
Snakeroot

names: 蛇根木 印度萝芙木

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Danais aglea creamer
Danaus chrysippus
Eurema hecabe
Megachile
Megachile bicolor
Mellisodes sp.
Papilio demoleus
Papilio polytes

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Apis dorsata
Apis florea
Apis mellifera
Pithitis smargdula
Polistes olivaceus

value: herb

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: rauvolfia-sumatrana

scientific: Rauvolfia sumatrana

authorship: Jack

epithet: sumatrana

Cyrtosiphonia madurensis

authorship: Teijsm. & Binn.

Cyrtosiphonia reflexa

authorship: (Teijsm. & Binn.) Miq.

Cyrtosiphonia sumatrana

authorship: (Jack) Miq.

Rauvolfia blumeana

authorship: Valeton ex Koord.-Schum.

Rauvolfia madurensis

authorship: (Teijsm. & Binn.) Boerl.

authorship: (Teijsm. & Binn.) Burck ex Koord.-Schum.

Rauvolfia palawanensis

authorship: Elmer

Rauvolfia samarensis

authorship: Merr.

Rauvolfia spectabilis

authorship: (Miq.) Boerl.

Rauvolfia sumatrana var. longifolia

authorship: Blume

codes: CHS AND BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NCB PHI SUL SUM THA VIE

China Southeast

code: CHS

Borneo

code: BOR

Maluku

code: MOL

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

names: ระย่อมตีนเป็ด

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness


slug: rauvolfia-tetraphylla

scientific: Rauvolfia tetraphylla

epithet: tetraphylla

preferred: be still tree

Rauvolfia canescens var. intermedia

authorship: Markgr.

Rauvolfia heterophylla

authorship: Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Rauvolfia hirsuta

authorship: Jacq.

Rauvolfia hirsuta var. glabra

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Woodson

Rauvolfia nitida

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Rauvolfia odontophora

authorship: Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BOL CLM COS DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PER TRT VEN VNA WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

region: Caribbean

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

Venezuelan Antilles

code: VNA

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1207 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Serpentine

activities: Antibacterial Antitumor Carcinogenic Fungicide Hypotensive Pesticide Sedative Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor

Deserpidine

activities: Antiandrogenic Antifrigidity Antihypertensive Estrogenic Hypotensive Mastogenic Sedative Tranquilizer

Corynanthine

activities: Adrenergic-Blocker Anesthetic Antimalarial Antiplasmodial Aphrodisiac Bradycardic Hypotensive Sympatholytic

Alstonine

activities: Antiamebic Antibacterial Antineoplastic Fungicide Pesticide

Isoreserpiline

activities: CNS-Depressant Cardiotoxic Hypotensive Parasympathetic

Aricine

activities: (-)-Chronotropic Amebicide Cytotoxic Pesticide

names: Раувольфия четырёхлистная

partners:
Heliconius erato
Heliconius erato cruentus
Urbanus dorantes

partners:
Appias libythea
Chilades lajus
Eretmocera impactella
Eurema hecabe
Luthrodes pandava
Zizula hylax

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: rauvolfia-verticillata

scientific: Rauvolfia verticillata

authorship: (Lour.) Baill.

epithet: verticillata

Cerbera chinensis

authorship: Spreng.

Dissolaena verticillata

authorship: Lour.

Ervatamia ophiorhizoides

authorship: Lace

Ervatamia ventii

authorship: Lý

Hunteria sundana

authorship: Miq.

Ophioxylon belgaumense

authorship: Wight

Ophioxylon chinense

authorship: Hance

Ophioxylon densiflorum

authorship: (Wall.) Thwaites

Ophioxylon majus

authorship: Hassk.

Rauvolfia brevistyla

authorship: Tsiang

Rauvolfia chinensis

authorship: (Hance) Hemsl.

Rauvolfia densiflora

authorship: (Wall.) Benth. ex Hook.f.

Rauvolfia obversa

authorship: Koord.

Rauvolfia ophiorrhizoides

authorship: (Kurz) Kerr

Rauvolfia perakensis

authorship: King & Gamble

Rauvolfia serpentina var. gracilis

authorship: Stapf

Rauvolfia superaxillaris

authorship: P.T.Li & S.Z.Huang

Rauvolfia verticillata var. macrophylla

authorship: (Hook.f.) Karthik. & Moorthy

name: Rauvolfia verticillata var. oblanceolata

name: Rauvolfia verticillata var. verticillata

Tabernaemontana cylindrica

authorship: Steud.

Tabernaemontana densiflora

authorship: Wall.

Tabernaemontana ophiorrhizoides

authorship: Kurz

Tabernaemontana parviflora

authorship: B.Heyne ex Wall.

Tabernaemontana subcapitata

authorship: Hook.f. & Thomson ex Hook.f.

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MYA PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 234 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: ravenala-hladikorum

scientific: Ravenala hladikorum

authorship: Haev., Razanats., Jeannoda & P.Blanc

genus: Ravenala

epithet: hladikorum

family: Strelitziaceae

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

authors: Haev., Razanats., Jeannoda & P.Blanc

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ravenala-madagascariensis

scientific: Ravenala madagascariensis

authorship: Sonn.

epithet: madagascariensis

published_in: Voy. Indes Orient. 2: 223 (1782)

preferred: Traveller's Tree

english:
Traveller's Tree
traveler's tree

Urania madagascariensis

authorship: (Sonn.) Schreb. ex Forsyth f.

Urania ravenala

authorship: (Willemet) A.Rich.

Urania speciosa

authorship: Willd.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 411 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Traveller's Tree
traveler's tree

names:
Palma del Viajero
palma de viajero

names: palmeira-do-viajante ravenala

names: Равенала мадагаскарская

names: オウギバショウ タビビトノキ

names: Ravenale de Madagascar, Arbre du voyageur, Ravenale

names: पांथस्थचे झाड

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Frieseomelitta varia
Pteropus niger
Pteropus pselaphon
Scaptotrigona aff. depilis

label: Eaten by

partners:
Eulemur fulvus
Daubentonia madagascariensis
Eulemur rubriventer
Propithecus diadema
Varecia variegata

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

value: 6 m

value: evergreen

label: Life cycle

value: capsule

source: Wikidata

authors: Sonn.

published_in: Voy. Indes Orient. (Sonnerat) 2[ed. qto.]: 223, tt. 124-126; 3(ed. oct.): 244

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ravenea-beentjei

scientific: Ravenea beentjei

authorship: Rakotoarin. & J.Dransf.

genus: Ravenea

epithet: beentjei

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

value: tree

value: woody

authors: Rakotoarin. & J.Dransf.


slug: ravenea-hypoleuca

scientific: Ravenea hypoleuca

epithet: hypoleuca


slug: ravenea-madagascariensis

scientific: Ravenea madagascariensis

authorship: Becc.

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 87: 40 (1906)

Ravenea madagascariensis var. monticola

authorship: Jum. & H.Perrier

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Geminimyndus perinetensis
Geminimyndus spinamagnus

label: Life form

value: phanerophyte

authors: Becc.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38(3, Beibl. 87): 40

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ravenea-rivularis

scientific: Ravenea rivularis

epithet: rivularis

published_in: Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 3, 1: 54 (1913)

preferred: Majestic Palm

english:
Majestic Palm
Majestic palm
Majesty Palm

names:
Majestic palm
Majesty Palm

names: 国王椰 国王椰子

authors: Jum. & H.Perrier

published_in: Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille sér. 3, 1: 54


slug: ravenea-robustior

scientific: Ravenea robustior

epithet: robustior

published_in: Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 3, 1: 49 (1913)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

partners:
Eulemur rubriventer
Eulemur rufifrons
Varecia variegata

published_in: Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille sér. 3, 1: 49

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ravenia-spectabilis

scientific: Ravenia spectabilis

authorship: (Lindl.) Engl.

genus: Ravenia

epithet: spectabilis

family: Rutaceae

Lemonia spectabilis

authorship: Lindl.

Ravenia leonis

authorship: Vict.

Ravenia rosea

authorship: Lebas

codes: CUB HAI

Cuba

code: CUB

Haiti

code: HAI

names: 古巴拉贝木 荆笛香

names: ดอกมุจลินทร์

partners:
Catopsilia pomona
Pareronia hippia
Tirumala limniace

label: Photosynthetic pathway

authors: (Lindl.) Engl.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ravenia-urbani

scientific: Ravenia urbani

authorship: Engl.

epithet: urbani

preferred: tortugo prieto

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 53 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Engl.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 21(5): 552

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: rawsonia-lucida

scientific: Rawsonia lucida

authorship: Harv. & Sond.

genus: Rawsonia

epithet: lucida

family: Achariaceae

Oncoba spinidens

authorship: Hiern

Rawsonia reticulata

authorship: Gilg

Rawsonia spinidens

authorship: (Hiern) Mendonça & Sleumer

Rawsonia transjubensis

authorship: Chiov.

Rawsonia ugandensis

authorship: Dawe & Sprague

Rawsonia uluguruensis

authorship: Sleumer

Rawsonia usambarensis

authorship: Engl. & Gilg

codes: ANG BOT BUR CPP ZAI SWZ KEN NAT MLW MOZ TVL RWA SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

Burundi

code: BUR

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

Somalia

code: SOM

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 134 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Forest-Peach Rawsonia

names: umlongo umnqandabukuku

names: umhlalamfene umpindangulube

partners:
Acraea cerasa
Broadleysaurus major
Bycanistes brevis
Cercopithecus mitis
Civettictis civetta
Colius striatus
Colobus angolensis
Cricetomys gambianus

label: Parasites


slug: rayenia-malalcurensis

scientific: Rayenia malalcurensis

authorship: Menegoz & A.E.Villarroel

genus: Rayenia

epithet: malalcurensis

family: Escalloniaceae

Chile Central

code: CLC

region: Southern South America

authors: Menegoz & A.E.Villarroel


slug: rayjacksonia-aurea

scientific: Rayjacksonia aurea

authorship: (A.Gray) R.L.Hartm. & M.A.Lane

genus: Rayjacksonia

epithet: aurea

preferred: Houston tansyaster

Aster aureus

authorship: Kuntze

Machaeranthera aurea

authorship: (A.Gray) Shinners

Sideranthus aureus

authorship: Small

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Houston tansyaster
Houston camphor daisy

partners: Apoidea Lepidoptera

value: non-woody

value: annual

authors: (A.Gray) R.L.Hartm. & M.A.Lane

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


scientific: Rayjacksonia phyllocephala

authorship: (DC.) R.L.Hartm. & M.A.Lane

epithet: phyllocephala

preferred: camphor daisy

Eriocarpum megacephalum

authorship: Nash

Eriocarpum phyllocephalum

authorship: Greene

Haplopappus phyllocephalus

authorship: DC.

name: Haplopappus phyllocephalus subsp. megacephalus

authorship: (Nash) H.M.Hall

name: Haplopappus phyllocephalus subsp. phyllocephalus

name: Haplopappus phyllocephalus var. megacephalus

authorship: (Nash) Waterf.

name: Haplopappus phyllocephalus var. phyllocephalus

Machaeranthera phyllocephala

authorship: (DC.) Shinners

name: Machaeranthera phyllocephala var. megacephala

authorship: (Nash) Shinners

name: Machaeranthera phyllocephala var. phyllocephala

codes: FLA LOU MXE TEX

Florida

code: FLA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1177 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
camphor daisy
Gulf Coast camphor daisy

partners:
Danaus plexippus
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Dielis tolteca
Phyciodes phaon

partners:
Dielis tolteca
Phyciodes phaon

partners:
Acmopolynema varium
Microdontomerus anthonomi

authors: (DC.) R.L.Hartm. & M.A.Lane

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: rayjacksonia-phyllocephala-dc

source: usda

Haplopappus megacephalus

authorship: Hitchc.

name: Rayjacksonia phyllocephala var. megacephala

authorship: (Nash) D.B.Ward

names:
Camphor Daisy
Gulf Coast camphor daisy

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol RAPH2

license: public domain

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: razafimandimbisonia-minor

scientific: Razafimandimbisonia minor

authorship: (Baill.) Kainul. & B.Bremer

genus: Razafimandimbisonia

epithet: minor

family: Rubiaceae

Alberta humblotii var. acuminata

authorship: Cavaco

Alberta laurifolia

authorship: Baker

Alberta minor

authorship: Baill.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

Madagascar

code: MDG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

authors: (Baill.) Kainul. & B.Bremer

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: reaumuria-alternifolia

scientific: Reaumuria alternifolia

authorship: (Labill.) Britten

genus: Reaumuria

epithet: alternifolia

family: Tamaricaceae

Hypericum alternifolium

authorship: Labill.

Reaumuria cistoides

authorship: Adams

Reaumuria hypericoides

authorship: Willd.

Reaumuria kuznetzovii

authorship: Sosn. & Manden.

Reaumuria reflexa

authorship: Lipski

Reaumuria sogdiana

authorship: Kom.

Reaumuria turkestanica

authorship: Gorschkowa

codes: EGY AFG IRN KAZ KGZ LBS NCS SAU SIN TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB CHX PAK

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Iran

code: IRN

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Sinai

code: SIN

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Pakistan

code: PAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: subshrub

label: Height

label: Flowering months

value: May-Jun

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: reboulia-hemisphaerica

scientific: Reboulia hemisphaerica

authorship: (L.) Raddi

genus: Reboulia

epithet: hemisphaerica

family: Aytoniaceae

Asterella hemisphaerica

authorship: (L.) P.Beauv.

name: Asterella hemisphaerica var. hemisphaerica

Asterella javanica

authorship: (Nees) Trevis.

Asterella latifrons

authorship: (Steph.) H.A.Mill.

Asterella longipes

authorship: (Sande Lac.) Mitt.

Asterella microcephala

authorship: (Taylor) Trevis.

Fegatella hemisphaerica

authorship: (L.) Taylor

Fegatella microcephala

authorship: Taylor

Fimbraria latifrons

authorship: Steph.

Grimaldia hemisphaerica

authorship: (L.) D.Dietr.

Grimaldia madeirensis

authorship: Lindenb.

Grimaldia ventricosa

authorship: Wallr.

Mannia japonica

authorship: (Steph.) Horik.

Marchantia crinita

authorship: Michx.

Marchantia hemisphaerica

authorship: L.

Mindal pangiensis

authorship: Kashyap

Otiona crinita

authorship: (Michx.) Corda

Reboulia charrieri

authorship: Douin & R.C.V.Douin

Reboulia hemisphaerica f. paroica

authorship: C.Massal. & Carestia

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. charrieri

authorship: (Douin & R.C.V.Douin) C.Massal.

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. chlorocarpa

authorship: Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. javanica

authorship: (Nees) Schiffn.

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. longilanata

authorship: Lindb.

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. longipes

authorship: (Sande Lac.) C.E.O.Jensen ex Herzog

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. macropoda

authorship: Mont.

Reboulia hemisphaerica var. microspora

authorship: Schiffn.

authorship: Ştefur.

Reboulia javanica

authorship: Nees

Reboulia longipes

authorship: Sande Lac.

Reboulia microcephala

authorship: (Taylor) Nees

Reboulia queenslandica

authorship: (Steph.) M.L.Hicks

Reboulia sullivantii

authorship: Lehm.

Rhakiocarpon conspersum

authorship: Corda

Strozzius hemisphaericus

authorship: (L.) Gray

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hemisphaeric Liverwort
xerophytic liverwort

names: 石地钱 石地錢

names: Ребулия полушаровидная

names:
Réboulie hémisphérique
marchantie hémisphérique

names: רבוליה חצידורית

value: lithophyte

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: recchia-simplicifolia

scientific: Recchia simplicifolia

authorship: T.Wendt & E.J.Lott

genus: Recchia

epithet: simplicifolia

family: Surianaceae

codes: MXG MXT MXS COS

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

authors: T.Wendt & E.J.Lott

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: rectithecium-piliferum

scientific: Rectithecium piliferum

authorship: (Sw.) Hedenäs & Huttunen

genus: Rectithecium

epithet: piliferum

family: Plagiotheciaceae

preferred: plagiothecium moss

Hypnum denticulatum var. piliferum

authorship: (Sw.) Wahlenb.

Hypnum orthocarpon

authorship: Ångstr.

Hypnum trichophorum

authorship: Spruce

Hypnum trichophorum var. brevipilum

authorship: (Schimp.) Kindb.

Isopterygium piliferum

authorship: (Sw.) Loeske

Leskea pilifera

authorship: Sw.

Neckera pilifera

authorship: (Sw.) Spruce

Plagiotheciella pilifera

authorship: (Sw.) M.Fleisch.

Plagiotheciella pilifera f. brevipila

authorship: (Schimp.) Podp.

Plagiothecium piliferum

authorship: (Sw.) Schimp.

Plagiothecium piliferum f. brevipilum

authorship: (Schimp.) Mönk.

Plagiothecium piliferum var. brevipilum

authorship: Schimp.

Plagiothecium trichophorum

authorship: Venturi & Bott.

value: nonvascular

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol PLPI2


slug: reedia-spathacea

scientific: Reedia spathacea

genus: Reedia

epithet: spathacea

family: Cyperaceae

Western Australia

code: WAU

region: Australia

value: geophyte

value: 4 m

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller)


slug: reevesia-thyrsoidea

scientific: Reevesia thyrsoidea

authorship: Lindl.

genus: Reevesia

epithet: thyrsoidea

family: Malvaceae

published_in: Quart. J. Sci. Lit. Arts, ser. 2, 2: 112 (1827)

Reevesia formosana

authorship: Sprague

Reevesia lofouensis

authorship: Chun & H.H.Hsue

Reevesia longipetiolata

authorship: Merr. & Chun

Reevesia parvifolia

authorship: Hsue

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI CBD LAO VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

Laos

code: LAO

Vietnam

code: VIE

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 116 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 两广梭罗树 两广梭罗

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

authors: Lindl.

published_in: in Brande, Journ. [II. ii.] (1827) 112; Bot. Reg. t. 1236

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.