slug: ferocactus-robustus

scientific: Ferocactus robustus

authorship: (Link & Otto) Britton & Rose

epithet: robustus

Echinocactus agglomeratus

authorship: Karw. ex Pfeiff.

Echinocactus robustus

authorship: Link & Otto

authorship: Otto ex Pfeiff.

Echinocactus robustus var. monstruosus

authorship: Pfeiff.

Echinofossulocactus robustus

authorship: (Otto ex Pfeiff.) Lawr.

Melocactus prolifer

authorship: Otto & A.Dietr.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 262 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Biznaga barril robusta
Biznaga de piñita

names: Ферокактус мощный

names: ユウソウマル ユウソウマル（勇壮丸）

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 3: 135, fig. 141

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferocactus-townsendianus

scientific: Ferocactus townsendianus

authorship: Britton & Rose

genus: Ferocactus

epithet: townsendianus

family: Cactaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Echinocactus santa-maria

authorship: Rose ex Schick

name: Ferocactus peninsulae subsp. santa-maria

authorship: (Britton & Rose) Pilbeam & Bowdery

name: Ferocactus peninsulae subsp. townsendianus

Ferocactus peninsulae var. santa-maria

authorship: (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor

name: Ferocactus peninsulae var. townsendianus

name: Ferocactus townsendianus var. santa-maria

authorship: (Britton & Rose) G.E.Linds.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

lifeform: succulent subshrub

climate: desert or dry shrubland

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1045 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names: Ферокактус Таунсенда

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: Britton & Rose

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 3: 127, pl

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

field: phenology

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: ferocactus-uncinatus

scientific: Ferocactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose

epithet: uncinatus

preferred: Chihuahuan fishhook cactus

source: usda

Ancistrocactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) L.D.Benson

name: Ancistrocactus uncinatus subsp. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Doweld

Ancistrocactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) L.D.Benson

Echinocactus ancylacanthus

authorship: Monv. ex Labour.

Echinocactus uncinatus

authorship: Galeotti ex Pfeiff.

Echinocactus uncinatus f. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Schelle

Echinocactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: Engelm.

Echinocactus wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Small

Echinomastus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) F.M.Knuth

Echinomastus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth

Ferocactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor

Glandulicactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) Backeb.

name: Glandulicactus uncinatus subsp. uncinatus

name: Glandulicactus uncinatus subsp. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) U.Guzmán

Glandulicactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Backeb.

Glandulicactus wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) D.J.Ferguson

Hamatocactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) Buxb.

Hamatocactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Bravo

Hamatocactus wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Orcutt

Pediocactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) Halda

Pediocactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) Halda

Sclerocactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) N.P.Taylor

Thelocactus uncinatus

authorship: (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) W.T.Marshall

Thelocactus uncinatus var. wrightii

authorship: (Engelm.) H.P.Kelsey & Dayton

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: MXG MXE MXN MXS NWM TEX

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 422 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: shrub

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: (Galeotti) Britton & Rose

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 3: 146, fig. 153

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol GLUN

license: public domain

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: ferocactus-viridescens

scientific: Ferocactus viridescens

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Britton & Rose

epithet: viridescens

preferred: Coast Barrel Cactus

english:
Coast Barrel Cactus
Coast barrel cactus
San Diego Barrel Cactus
San Diego barrel cactus
San Diego barrelcactus

source: wikidata

Echinocactus cylindraceus

authorship: Engelm.

Echinocactus limitus

authorship: Engelm. ex J.M.Coult.

Echinocactus orcuttii

authorship: Engelm. ex Orcutt

Echinocactus viridescens

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

authorship: Nutt.

Ferocactus orcuttii

authorship: (Engelm. ex Orcutt) Britton & Rose

name: Ferocactus viridescens subsp. littoralis

authorship: (G.E.Linds.) F.Wolf & R.Wolf

Ferocactus viridescens subsp. orcuttii

authorship: (Engelm. ex Orcutt) F.Wolf & R.Wolf

Ferocactus viridescens var. orcuttii

authorship: (Engelm. ex Orcutt) G.Unger

Melocactus viridescens

authorship: Nutt. ex Teschem.

codes: CAL MXN

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1238 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
Coast barrel cactus
San Diego barrel cactus

names:
biznaga
Biznaga-barril Verdosa

names: 巨鹫玉 淡绿玉

partners:
Anthophorula torticornis
Augochlorella pomoniella
Agapostemon texanus

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

value: CAM

authors: (Torr. & A.Gray) Britton & Rose

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 3: 140 (t. 14)

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: ferocactus-wislizeni

scientific: Ferocactus wislizeni

authorship: (Engelm.) Britton & Rose

epithet: wislizeni

preferred: fishhook barrel cactus

english:
fishhook barrel cactus
Candy Barrel Cactus
Fishhook Barrel Cactus
Southwestern Barrel Cactus
candy barrelcactus

source: inat

Echinocactus falconeri

authorship: Orcutt

Echinocactus wislizeni f. albispinus

authorship: (Toumey) Schelle

Echinocactus wislizeni f. phoeniceus

authorship: (R.E.Kunze) Schelle

Echinocactus wislizeni var. albispinus

authorship: Toumey

Ferocactus arizonicus

authorship: (R.E.Kunze) Orcutt

Ferocactus falconeri

authorship: (Orcutt) Orcutt

Ferocactus wislizeni subsp. ajoensis

authorship: Fencl & Kalas

Ferocactus wislizeni var. albispinus

authorship: (Toumey) Y.Itô

Ferocactus wislizeni var. falconeri

authorship: (Orcutt) Y.Itô

Ferocactus wislizeni var. phoeniceus

authorship: (R.E.Kunze) Y.Itô

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

lifeform: succulent subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1989 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Ferocactus acanthodes

slug: ferocactus-acanthodes

species: Carnegiea gigantea

slug: carnegiea-gigantea

species: Opuntia microdasys

slug: opuntia-microdasys

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names:
Candy Barrel Cactus
candy barrelcactus

names:
Biznaga-barril de Nuevo México
biznaga de agua

names: 金赤龙 金赤龍

names: Ферокактус Вислизена

names: キンセキリュウ（金赤竜）

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Ashmeadiella opuntiae
Augochlorella
Diadasia rinconis
Halictus
Lasioglossum
Megachile
Svastra duplocincta

partners:
Acmaeodera quadrivittatoides
Apis mellifera
Bombus sonorus
Epimelissodes duplocinctus

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Ammospermophilus harrisii
Cyrtonyx montezumae
Epimelissodes duplocinctus
Otospermophilus variegatus

value: tree

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem

label: Growth rate

value: slow

label: Height

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 3: 127, pl. 1, 12

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: ferraria-crispa

scientific: Ferraria crispa

authorship: Burm.

genus: Ferraria

epithet: crispa

family: Iridaceae

published_in: Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur.  2: 199 (1761)

preferred: Sea spider iris

Ferraria crispa subsp. nortieri

authorship: M.P.de Vos

Ferraria ensiformis

authorship: Mill.

Ferraria major

authorship: Eckl.

Ferraria obtusifolia

authorship: Sweet

Ferraria punctata

authorship: Pers.

Ferraria undulata

authorship: L.

Moraea undulata

authorship: Thunb.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1355 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sea spider iris
Black Flag

names: Феррария курчавая

names: Inkpotjie Krulletjie

value: herb

value: non-woody

key: succulence

label: Succulence

value: succulent

label: Life form

value: geophyte

category: Size

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: brown

label: Flowering months

value: Aug-Oct

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

authors: Burm.

published_in: in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.Carol. ii. 199 (1761)


slug: ferraria-densepunctulata

scientific: Ferraria densepunctulata

epithet: densepunctulata

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 76 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Grey Spiderlily
Limestone Spiderlily

authors: M.P.de Vos

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 45(3): 346

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferraria-divaricata

scientific: Ferraria divaricata

epithet: divaricata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 98 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Sweet

published_in: Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet] 2: 192

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferraria-ferrariola

scientific: Ferraria ferrariola

authorship: (Jacq.) Willd.

epithet: ferrariola

Ferraria antherosa

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Ferraria viridiflora

authorship: Andrews

Moraea ferrariola

authorship: Jacq.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 156 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Speckle Spiderlily
Spider Lily

authors: Willd.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferraria-foliosa

scientific: Ferraria foliosa

epithet: foliosa

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 54 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Феррария олиственная

published_in: Ann. S. African Mus. 40: 117

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferraria-macrochlamys

scientific: Ferraria macrochlamys

authorship: (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: macrochlamys

Ferraria uncinata subsp. macrochlamys

authorship: (Baker) M.P.de Vos

Lapeirousia macrochlamys

authorship: Baker

names:
Insipid Spiderlily
Namaqua Spiderlily

authors: (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferraria-uncinata

scientific: Ferraria uncinata

epithet: uncinata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 132 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet] t. 161

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferraria-variabilis

scientific: Ferraria variabilis

authorship: Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: variabilis

codes: CPP NAM

Namibia

code: NAM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 315 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
African Spider
Sheathing Spiderlily

names: gifuintjie uiltjie

authors: Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferula-assa-foetida

scientific: Ferula assa-foetida

genus: Ferula

epithet: assa-foetida

family: Apiaceae

preferred: Asafoetida

Ferula hooshee

authorship: Lindl.

Narthex assafoetida

authorship: (L.) Falc.

Narthex polakii

authorship: Stapf

Narthex silphium

authorship: Oerst.

Peucedanum asa-foetida

authorship: Baill.

Scorodosma assa-foetida

authorship: (L.) H.Karst.

Iran

code: IRN

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Western Asia

lifeform: perennial

Phellandrene

activities: Hyperthermic Irritant Spasmogenic Tumor-Promoter

Ferulic-acid

activities:
Allelopathic
Analgesic
Antiaggregant
Antiallergic
Antiarrhythmic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Colon)
Anticancer (Forestomach)

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Asafoetida asafetida

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

partners:
Copidosoma bucharicum
Syntomopus turanicus

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

value: 1 m

value: annual

value: Mar-Apr

authors: L.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: ferula-caspica

scientific: Ferula caspica

epithet: caspica

Ferula aciphylla

authorship: M.Bieb. ex Ledeb.

Ferula arenosa

authorship: Pall. ex Ledeb.

Ferula caucasica

authorship: Korovin

Ferula orientalis

authorship: Eichw.

Peucedanum caspicum

authorship: Link

codes: ALT KAZ KGZ MON NCS TCS TUR UZB WSB CHX RUC RUE KRY RUS UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

region: China

Central European Russia

code: RUC

continent: EUROPE

region: Eastern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Krym

code: KRY

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 170 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 里海阿魏 里海阿魏*

names: Ферула каспийская

names: Ферула каспійська

names: Каспийн хавраг

label: Growth habit

value: May-Jun

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferula-communis

scientific: Ferula communis

authorship: L.

epithet: communis

preferred: Giant Fennel

Ferula abyssinica

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Ferula anatriches

authorship: (Kotschy) Sint.

Ferula brevifolia

authorship: Link ex Schult.

Ferula communis f. ellipsocarpa

authorship: Maire

Ferula communis var. anatriches

authorship: Kotschy

Ferula communis var. brevifolia

authorship: (Link ex Schult.) Mariz

Ferula communis var. catalaunica

authorship: Pau

Ferula communis var. gummifera

authorship: Batt.

Ferula communis var. nodiflora

authorship: (L.) Borg

Ferula communis var. paucivittata

authorship: Willk.

Ferula linkii

authorship: Webb

Ferula lobeliana

authorship: Vis.

Ferula montis-elgonis

authorship: Bullock

Ferula rigida

authorship: Ten.

Ferula tingitana var. hispanica

authorship: Rouy

Ferulago nodosa subsp. rigida

authorship: (Ten.) Troìa & Raimondo

Lophosciadium meoides

authorship: Calest.

codes: ALG CNY DJI ERI ETH KEN LBY MOR SOM SUD TAN TUN UGA CYP EAI LBS PAL SAU TUR YEM ALB BAL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Djibouti

code: DJI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Tunisia

code: TUN

Uganda

code: UGA

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Yemen

code: YEM

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Baleares

code: BAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Allograpta obliqua
Anthomyia
Apis mellifera
Curruca cantillans
Eristalinus aeneus
Eristalis tenax
Heliotaurus ruficollis
Hylaeus amharicus

partners:
Bombus occidentalis
Regiscolia maculata flavifrons

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: ferula-euxina

scientific: Ferula euxina

authorship: Pimenov

epithet: euxina

published_in: Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 117: 27 (1980)

codes: NCS UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Ukraine

code: UKR

names: Ферула черноморская

authors: Pimenov

published_in: Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 117: 27


slug: ferula-glauca

scientific: Ferula glauca

authorship: L.

epithet: glauca

Ferula candelabrum

authorship: Heldr. & Sartori

Ferula communis subsp. glauca

authorship: (L.) Rouy & E.G.Camus

Ferula nodiflora subsp. glauca

authorship: (L.) Bonnier & Layens

Peucedanum glaucum

authorship: (L.) Link

Peucedanum neapolitanum

authorship: (Ten.) Baill.

codes: ALG CYP EAI SAU ALB BAL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

Baleares

region: Southwestern Europe

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 197 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ферула сизая

label: Eaten by

partners:
Papilio alexanor
Papilio machaon

value: hemicryptophyte

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ferula-lancerotensis

scientific: Ferula lancerotensis

authorship: Parl. ex Hartung

epithet: lancerotensis

published_in: Geol. Verh. Ins. Lanzarote und Fuertaventura : 145 (1857)

Canary Is.

code: CNY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 77 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Andrena fuscosa
Andrena vachali
Chrysura fernandezi
Linnaemya soror

label: Woodiness

label: Life cycle

value: perennial

value: yellow

value: Dec-Mar

authors: Parl.

published_in: Geol. Verh. Ins. Lanzarote Fuertaventura 145

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: ferula-sinaica

scientific: Ferula sinaica

authorship: Boiss.

epithet: sinaica

codes: PAL SAU SIN

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Sinai

code: SIN

authors: Boiss.

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 10: 40

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: ferula-songarica

scientific: Ferula songarica

authorship: Pall. ex Schult.

epithet: songarica

Ferula arida

authorship: (Korovin) Korovin

Ferula songarica var. arida

authorship: Korovin

Peucedanum aureum

authorship: Spreng.

Peucedanum elatum

authorship: Ledeb.

codes: ALT KAZ WSB CHX

Altay

code: ALT

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 236 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 准噶尔阿魏 準噶爾阿魏

names: Ферула джунгарская

value: Jun

authors: Pall. ex Schult.

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 598

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: ferula-tingitana

scientific: Ferula tingitana

epithet: tingitana

Agasulis tingitana

authorship: (L.) Raf.

Ferula bolivari

authorship: Pau

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN EAI LBS PAL TUR POR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Portugal

code: POR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 96 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Tangier Fennel
giant Tangier fennel

names: Ферула тингитанская

partners:
Andrena alfkenella
Apis mellifera
Aricia agestis
Ectemnius
Ectophasia leucoptera
Eumerus pulchellus
Eumerus sulcitibius
Hylaeus meridionalis

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: ferulago-galbanifera

scientific: Ferulago galbanifera

authorship: (Mill.) W.D.J.Koch

genus: Ferulago

epithet: galbanifera

Ferula campestris

authorship: Besser

Ferula daghestanica

authorship: (Schischk.) M.Hiroe

Ferula galbanifera

authorship: Mill.

Ferulago campestris

authorship: (Besser) Grecescu

Ferulago daghestanica

authorship: Schischk.

Ferulago dodonaei

authorship: Kostel.

Ferulago meoides

authorship: (L.) Boiss.

Lophosciadium meifolium

authorship: DC.

name: Lophosciadium meifolium var. microcarpum

authorship: Velen.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 318 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ферульниця смолоносна

value: 2 m

value: Dec-Jul

authors: (Mill.) W.D.J.Koch

published_in: Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1(1): 302

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: ferulago-lutea

scientific: Ferulago lutea

authorship: (Poir.) Grande

epithet: lutea

published_in: Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli 4: 366 (1914)

Elaeoselinum mangenotianum

authorship: Emb.

Ferula capillaris

authorship: Link

Ferula lutea

authorship: (Poir.) Maire

Ferula lutea var. microcarpa

authorship: (Maire) Maire

Ferula sulcata

authorship: Desf.

Ferula sulcata var. crassicosta

authorship: (Pomel) Batt.

Ferula sulcata var. microcarpa

authorship: Maire

Ferulago barrelieri

authorship: Guss.

Ferulago capillaris

authorship: Cout.

Ferulago capillifolia

authorship: (Link) Franco

Ferulago communis

authorship: Pett. ex Nyman

Ferulago crassicosta

authorship: Pomel

Ligusticum luteum

authorship: Poir.

Peucedanum lusitanicum

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Spreng.

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: Grande

published_in: Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli iv. 366 (1914)


slug: ferulopsis-hystrix

scientific: Ferulopsis hystrix

authorship: (Bunge ex Ledeb.) Pimenov

genus: Ferulopsis

epithet: hystrix

published_in: Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 76: 1391 (1991 publ. 1992)

Ferulopsis mongolica

authorship: Kitag.

Johrenia nudiuscula

authorship: Palib.

Libanotis cachroides

authorship: DC.

Peucedanum cachroides

authorship: (DC.) Koso-Pol.

Peucedanum hystrix

authorship: Bunge

Peucedanum nudiusculum

authorship: (Palib.) Koso-Pol.

Phlojodicarpus nudiusculus

authorship: Turcz. ex Besser

Phlojodicarpus nudiusculus var. major

authorship: Popov

Phlojodicarpus turczaninovii

authorship: Sipliv.

Seseli vaginatum

authorship: Ledeb.

codes: ALT BRY CHN CTA CHI IRK MON TVA YAK

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Mongolia

code: MON

Tuva

code: TVA

Yakutiya

code: YAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 244 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 鞘颈芹 鞘頸芹

names: Феруловидка щетинистая

names: Шивүүрт хаврагхан

value: Jun-Jul

authors: (Bunge ex Ledeb.) Pimenov

published_in: Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 76(10): 1391

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-actae

scientific: Festuca actae

authorship: Connor

genus: Festuca

epithet: actae

family: Poaceae

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot. 36: 335 (1998)

name: Festuca novae-zealandiae var. grandiflora

Festuca ovina f. tenuifolia

authorship: Howarth

New Zealand South

code: NZS

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 60 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Banks Peninsula blue tussock
Banks Peninsula fescue

authors: Connor


slug: festuca-alopecuros

scientific: Festuca alopecuros

authorship: Schousb.

epithet: alopecuros

published_in: Iagttag. Vextrig. Marokko : 40 (1800)

Bromus barbatus

authorship: Savi

Festuca alopecuroides

authorship: Ten.

Festuca alopecuros var. ciliata

authorship: Thell.

Festuca alopecuros var. glabrata

authorship: (Lange) Maire

Festuca alopecuros var. lanata

authorship: (Boiss.) Maire

Festuca barbata

authorship: Moench

Festuca ciliata

authorship: Link

Festuca gibraltarica

authorship: Willd. ex Steud.

Festuca pubescens

authorship: Zea ex Roem. & Schult.

Vulpia alopecuros

authorship: (Schousb.) Link

Vulpia alopecuros var. glabrata

authorship: Lange

Vulpia alopecuros var. lanata

authorship: Boiss.

Vulpia alopecuros var. oranensis

authorship: Trab.

codes: ALG CNY MOR ITA POR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Italy

code: ITA

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: annual

value: therophyte

value: Mar-May

authors: Schousb.

published_in: Iagttag. Vextrig. Marokko 40


slug: festuca-altaica

scientific: Festuca altaica

authorship: Trin.

epithet: altaica

preferred: Altai fescue

english:
Altai fescue
rough fescue

Festuca altaica f. pallida

authorship: Jordal

Festuca altaica subsp. scabrella

authorship: (Torr. ex Hook.) Hultén

Festuca altaica var. scabrella

authorship: (Torr. ex Hook.) Breitung

Festuca duthiei

authorship: Hack. ex Stapf

Festuca scabrella

authorship: Torr. ex Hook.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 174 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rough fescue
Altai fescue

names: Овсяница алтайская

names:
fétuque de l'Altaï
fétuque scabre

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

value: graminoid

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

value: Jun-Aug

label: Photosynthetic pathway

authors: Trin.

published_in: Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour]. 1: 109

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-altissima

scientific: Festuca altissima

authorship: All.

epithet: altissima

Drymochloa sylvatica

authorship: (Pollich) Holub

Festuca calamaria var. minor

authorship: Hook.

Festuca decidua

authorship: Bellardi ex Sm.

Festuca latifolia

authorship: DC.

Festuca silvatica

authorship: Vill.

Festuca silvatica f. denudata

authorship: Holmb.

Festuca sylvatica var. decidua

authorship: (Bellardi ex Sm.) Steud.

Festuca sylvatica var. latifolia

authorship: (DC.) Lamotte

Festuca sylvatica var. minor

authorship: Sond.

Poa sylvatica

authorship: Pollich

Poa sylvatica var. subaristata

authorship: Parn.

Poa trinervata

authorship: Ehrh.

Schedonorus alpinus

authorship: Hoppe

Schedonorus altissimus

authorship: (All.) P.Beauv.

Schedonorus deciduus

authorship: (Bellardi ex Sm.) Gray

Schedonorus latifolius

authorship: (DC.) Roem. & Schult.

Schedonorus sylvaticus

authorship: (Pollich) P.Beauv.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ALT BRY IRN KAZ KRA NCS TCS WSB ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL ROM RUS SPA SWE SWI UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Iran

code: IRN

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

West Siberia

code: WSB

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 393 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Костриця найвища

partners:
Zyginidia mocsaryi
Erebia melampus
Stiroma affinis
Acanthis flammea
Acetropis carinata
Aelia acuminata
Aelia klugii
Aeolothrips albicinctus

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-ambigua

scientific: Festuca ambigua

authorship: Le Gall

epithet: ambigua

preferred: fringed fescue

Distomomischus ciliatus

authorship: (Dumort.) Dulac

Festuca aetnensis

authorship: (Tineo) Walp.

Festuca ambigua var. imberbis

authorship: (Vis.) Breistr.

Festuca ambigua var. penicillata

authorship: (Murb.) Breistr.

Festuca ambigua var. tripolitana

authorship: (Pamp.) Breistr.

Festuca barbata var. danthonii

authorship: (Asch. & Graebn.) Hack. & Briq.

Festuca barbata var. imberbis

authorship: (Vis.) Hack. & Briq.

Festuca ciliata var. aetnensis

authorship: (Tineo) Nyman

Festuca ciliata var. elongata

authorship: Guss.

Festuca ciliata var. glabra

authorship: (F.Towns.) Tourlet

Festuca ciliata var. glabrescens

authorship: Döll

Festuca ciliata var. imberbis

authorship: Vis.

Festuca danthonii

authorship: Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca danthonii var. ambigua

authorship: (Le Gall) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca danthonii var. imberbis

authorship: (Vis.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca danthonii var. penicillata

authorship: Murb.

Festuca exigua

authorship: Litv.

Festuca myuros subsp. ambigua

authorship: (Le Gall) Syme

Festuca myuros var. ciliata

authorship: (Dumort.) Chaub.

Vulpia aetnensis

authorship: Tineo

Vulpia aetnensis var. imberbis

authorship: (Vis.) Henrard

Vulpia ambigua

authorship: (Le Gall) More

Vulpia ciliata

authorship: Dumort.

Vulpia ciliata f. depauperata

authorship: Roshev.

Vulpia ciliata f. pubescens

authorship: Pamp.

Vulpia ciliata subsp. ambigua

authorship: (Le Gall) Stace & Auquier

Vulpia ciliata var. danthonii

authorship: (Asch. & Graebn.) Maire & Weiller

Vulpia ciliata var. hymettia

authorship: Hausskn.

Vulpia ciliata var. penicillata

authorship: (Murb.) Litard.

Vulpia ciliata var. plumosa

authorship: Boiss.

Vulpia ciliata var. tripolitania

authorship: (Pamp.) Maire & Weiller

Vulpia danthonii

authorship: (Asch. & Graebn.) Volkart

Vulpia gaudiniana

authorship: (Guss.) N.Terracc.

Vulpia mandaliscae

authorship: Lojac.

Vulpia myuros subsp. ambigua

authorship: (Le Gall) Nyman

Vulpia myuros var. ciliata

authorship: (Dumort.) Bonnier & Barratte

codes: ALG CNY LBY MOR TUN AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ KGZ LBS NCS PAL TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB PAK WHM ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRB GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR ROM SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 144 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Aiolopus strepens
Aiolopus thalassinus
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Carduelis citrinella

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-amethystina

scientific: Festuca amethystina

authorship: L.

epithet: amethystina

Festuca aliena

authorship: Spreng.

Festuca amethystina f. glabrescens

authorship: Krajina

Festuca amethystina f. subglabra

authorship: Soó

Festuca amethystina subsp. inarmata

authorship: (Schur) Krajina

Festuca amethystina subsp. kummeri

authorship: (Beck) Markgr.-Dann.

Festuca amethystina subsp. ritschlii

authorship: (Hack.) Lemke ex Markgr.-Dann.

Festuca amethystina var. austriaca

authorship: (Hack.) Krajina

Festuca amethystina var. kummeri

authorship: Beck

Festuca amethystina var. ritschlii

authorship: Hack.

Festuca caerulans

authorship: Schur

Festuca capillata

authorship: Lam.

Festuca heterophylla var. mutica

authorship: Neilr.

Festuca mutica

authorship: Schleich. ex Hack.

Festuca ovina subsp. capillata

authorship: (Lam.) Kozlowska

Festuca ovina var. amethystina

authorship: (L.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca ovina var. capillata

authorship: (Lam.) Alef.

Festuca ritschlii

authorship: (Hack.) Patzke & G.H.Loos

Festuca tenuifolia var. mutica

authorship: DC.

Festuca valesiaca

authorship: Rchb.

Festuca violacea var. mutica

authorship: Kumm. & Sendtn.

Poa capillata

authorship: Mérat

codes: TUR AUT BUL CZE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA YUG POL ROM SWI UKR

Türkiye

code: TUR

Austria

code: AUT

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

names:
Fetuque amethyste
Fétuque améthyste

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Erebia melampus
Acanthis flammea
Acetropis carinata
Aelia acuminata
Aelia klugii
Aeolothrips albicinctus
Agromyza albipennis
Agromyza mobilis

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-arizonica

scientific: Festuca arizonica

authorship: Vasey

epithet: arizonica

preferred: Arizona Fescue

english:
Arizona Fescue
Arizona fescue

Festuca altaica subsp. arizonica

authorship: (Vasey) St.-Yves

Festuca pinetorum

authorship: Swallen

Festuca scabrella var. asperrima

authorship: Hack. ex Beal

codes: ARI COL MXC MXE NEV NWM TEX UTA VEN

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Venezuela

code: VEN

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Northern South America

names:
Arizona fescue
mountain bunchgrass

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

source: derived from USDA NRCS plant guide

quote: Arizona fescue is a native, cool season, long lived perennial bunch grass.

value: Bunch

value: slow

quote: The culms or stems can range from about 1 to 3 feet tall

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous


slug: festuca-arvernensis

scientific: Festuca arvernensis

authorship: Auquier, Kerguélen & Markgr.-Dann.

epithet: arvernensis

preferred: field fescue

Festuca cinerea var. glauca

authorship: Stohr

Festuca glauca var. donacella

authorship: Wallr.

Festuca involuta

authorship: Moench ex Roem. & Schult.

Festuca ovina subsp. glauca

authorship: (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Festuca ovina var. glauca

authorship: (P.Beauv.) G.Mey.

France

code: FRA

names: Овсяница овернская

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Auquier, Kerguélen & Markgr.-Dann.

published_in: Lejeunia 89: 15

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: festuca-beckeri

scientific: Festuca beckeri

authorship: (Hack.) Trautv.

epithet: beckeri

published_in: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 325 (1884)

Festuca beckeri

authorship: (Hack.) B.Fedtsch.

Festuca beckeri subsp. laeviuscula

authorship: (Klokov) Tzvelev

Festuca beckeri subsp. polesica

authorship: (Zapał.) Tzvelev

Festuca beckeri subsp. sabulosa

authorship: (Andersson) Tzvelev

Festuca beckeri var. baicalensis

authorship: Vylzan

Festuca laeviuscula

authorship: Klokov

Festuca ovina subsp. beckeri

authorship: Hack.

Festuca ovina var. sabulosa

authorship: Andersson

Festuca polesica

authorship: Zapał.

Festuca polesica f. denudata

authorship: Holmb.

Festuca sabulosa

authorship: (Andersson) H.Lindb.

codes: ALT KAZ KRA NCS TCS TUR WSB BLT BLR RUC DEN RUE FIN GER KRY NET RUN RUW POL RUS SWE TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Denmark

code: DEN

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

Germany

code: GER

Krym

code: KRY

Netherlands

code: NET

North European Russia

code: RUN

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

South European Russia

code: RUS

Sweden

code: SWE

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 73 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9(1): 325 (1884):


slug: festuca-brachyphylla

scientific: Festuca brachyphylla

authorship: Schult. & Schult.f.

epithet: brachyphylla

preferred: alpine fescue

Festuca brachyphylla f. flavida

authorship: Polunin

name: Festuca brachyphylla subsp. brachyphylla

Festuca brachyphylla subsp. breviculmis

authorship: Fred.

name: Festuca brachyphylla subsp. coloradensis

Festuca brachyphylla var. arctica

authorship: (St.-Yves) Litard.

Festuca brachyphylla var. coloradensis

authorship: (Fred.) Dorn

Festuca brachyphylla var. groenlandica

authorship: Schol.

Festuca groenlandica

authorship: (Schol.) Fred.

Festuca jensenii

authorship: Gjaerev. & Ryvarden

Festuca ovina f. subspicata

authorship: Lange

Festuca ovina subsp. brachyphylla

authorship: (Schult.) Piper

Festuca ovina subsp. brevifolia

authorship: (S.Watson) Hack.

codes: ALT CHN CTA IRK KAM KAZ KHA KGZ KRA MAG MON CHQ TZK CHT TVA WSB CHX YAK RUN SVA SWE ASK ABT ALU ARI BRC CAL COL GNL IDA LAB MAI MAN MIN MNT NEV NWH NWM NWY NFL NWT NSC NUN ONT ORE QUE SAS UTA VER WAS WYO YUK

Altay

code: ALT

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kamchatka

code: KAM

region: Russian Far East

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Magadan

code: MAG

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Tibet

code: CHT

Tuva

code: TVA

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Svalbard

code: SVA

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

Arizona

code: ARI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names: Овсяница коротколистная

partners:
Gynaephora groenlandica
Polites sabuleti
Ursus maritimus


slug: festuca-bromoides

scientific: Festuca bromoides

authorship: L.

epithet: bromoides

preferred: brome fescue

source: usda

Bromus ambiguus

authorship: Cirillo

Bromus dertonensis

authorship: All.

Distomomischus sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) Dulac

Distomomischus subuniglumis

authorship: Dulac

Festuca brachypoda

authorship: Font Quer

Festuca bromoides var. altior

authorship: Laterr.

Festuca bromoides var. ambigua

authorship: (Cirillo) Guss.

Festuca bromoides var. nana

authorship: Parn.

Festuca bromoides var. sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) DC.

Festuca commutata

authorship: Scheele

Festuca dertonensis

authorship: (All.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca dertonensis var. gracilis

authorship: (Lange) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca dertonensis var. sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) Briq.

Festuca geniculata var. monandra

authorship: Döll

Festuca hordeiformis

authorship: Wulfen ex Steud.

Festuca myuros subsp. sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) Rouy

Festuca myuros var. bromoides

authorship: (L.) Wimm. & Grab.

Festuca myuros var. dertonensis

authorship: (All.) Knoche

Festuca myuros var. rothii

authorship: Noulet

Festuca myuros var. sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) Coss. & Durieu

Festuca onurus

authorship: Willd. ex Spreng.

Festuca panormitana

authorship: Guss.

Festuca pseudomyuros var. sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) Légué

Festuca sciuroides

authorship: Roth

Festuca willemetii

authorship: Savi

Lolium bromoides

authorship: (L.) Huds.

Mygalurus bromoides

authorship: (L.) Link

Mygalurus uniglumis

authorship: Link

Vulpia bromoides

authorship: (L.) Gray

Vulpia bromoides f. gracilis

authorship: (Lange) Soó

Vulpia bromoides subsp. sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) Dumort.

Vulpia dertonensis

authorship: (All.) Gola

Vulpia granulata

authorship: Sennen

Vulpia myuros var. dertonensis

authorship: (All.) Fiori

Vulpia panormitana

authorship: Parl.

Vulpia sciuroides

authorship: (Roth) C.C.Gmel.

Vulpia sciuroides subsp. panormitana

authorship: (Parl.) Nyman

Vulpia uniglumis

authorship: Dumort.

Zerna bromoides

authorship: (L.) B.D.Jacks.

codes: ALG AZO CMN CNY DJI EGY ERI ETH KEN LBY MDR MTN MOR SEL SOM SUD TUN UGA LBS TCS TUR YEM ALB AUT BAL BGM BUL COR CZE DEN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET POL POR ROM SAR SIC SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Djibouti

code: DJI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Mauritania

code: MTN

region: West Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Selvagens

code: SEL

Somalia

code: SOM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 329 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Squirrel's Tail Fescue
Squirrel-Tail Fescue

names: Вульпия костровидная

names:
Vulpie faux Brome
Vulpie queue-d'écureuil

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-californica

scientific: Festuca californica

authorship: Vasey

epithet: californica

preferred: California fescue

Bromus kalmii var. aristulatus

authorship: Torr.

Festuca altaica var. aristulata

authorship: (Torr.) St.-Yves

Festuca altaica var. parishii

authorship: (Piper) St.-Yves

Festuca aristulata

authorship: (Torr.) Piper

Festuca aristulata subsp. parishii

authorship: Piper

name: Festuca californica subsp. hitchcockiana

authorship: (E.B.Alexeev) Darbysh.

Festuca californica subsp. parishii

authorship: (Piper) Darbysh.

Festuca californica var. parishii

authorship: (Piper) Hitchc.

codes: CAL ORE

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 595 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: فستوكة كاليفورنية

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

source: derived from USDA NRCS fact sheet

quote: California fescue is a native grass

label: Growth form

value: moderate

quote: growing to a height of 60-140 cm

value: evergreen

quote: the species often persists throughout the year with evergreen foliage

label: Foliage colour

value: green

value: perennial

quote: California fescue is a native, cool season perennial bunchgrass

quote: This species flowers anytime between March and July


slug: festuca-campestris

scientific: Festuca campestris

authorship: Rydb.

epithet: campestris

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 57 (1900)

preferred: rough fescue

source: wikidata

Dalucum campestre

authorship: (Rydb.) Lunell

Festuca altaica var. major

authorship: (Vasey) Gleason

Festuca doreana

authorship: Looman & Best

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 304 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rough fescue
Big Rough Fescue

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

quote: Rough fescue is a native, perennial, cool-season bunchgrass.

label: Growth rate

label: Height

quote: 1 to 4.5 ft. tall

value: yellow

label: Bloom period

value: Mid Summer

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Rydb.

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 57

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-chrysophylla

scientific: Festuca chrysophylla

authorship: Phil.

epithet: chrysophylla

published_in: Anales Mus. Nac. Santiago de Chile 8: 88 (1891)

Festuca deserticola var. chrysophylla

authorship: (Phil.) St.-Yves

Festuca eriostoma

authorship: Hack.

Festuca meyenii

authorship: (St.-Yves) E.B.Alexeev

Festuca orthophylla

authorship: Pilg.

Festuca orthophylla subvar. boliviana

authorship: (Pilg.) St.-Yves

Festuca orthophylla var. eriostoma

authorship: (Hack.) St.-Yves

codes: AGW BOL CLC CLN PER

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

region: Southern South America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile North

code: CLN

Peru

code: PER

climate: subalpine or subarctic

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 53 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

label: Life form

authors: Phil.

published_in: Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile 1891: 88


slug: festuca-contracta

scientific: Festuca contracta

authorship: Kirk

epithet: contracta

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 27: 353 (1895)

Festuca erecta

authorship: d'Urv.

Festuca paludicola

authorship: Roiv.

codes: FAL KEG MAQ SGE AGS CLS

Falkland Is.

code: FAL

continent: ANTARCTICA

region: Subantarctic Islands

Kerguelen

code: KEG

Macquarie Is.

code: MAQ

South Georgia

code: SGE

Argentina South

code: AGS

Chile South

code: CLS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: non-woody

authors: Kirk

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. xxvii. 1894 (1895) 353


slug: festuca-costata

scientific: Festuca costata

authorship: Nees

epithet: costata

published_in: Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. : 447 (1841)

Festuca milanjiana

authorship: Rendle

codes: ANG CPP SWZ OFS KEN NAT LES MLW MOZ TVL TAN ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

authors: Nees

published_in: Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 447

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: festuca-coxii

scientific: Festuca coxii

authorship: (Petrie) Hack.

epithet: coxii

published_in: Man. New Zealand Fl. : 919 (1906)

Agropyron coxii

authorship: Petrie

Chatham Is.

code: CTM

region: New Zealand

authors: Hack.

published_in: in Cheeseman, Man. N. Zeal. Fl. 919 (1906)


slug: festuca-dolichophylla

scientific: Festuca dolichophylla

epithet: dolichophylla

Festuca scirpifolia

authorship: (J.Presl) Kunth

Festuca subulifolia var. vivipara

authorship: Stancík

codes: BOL PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

Peru

code: PER

climate: montane tropical


slug: festuca-donax

scientific: Festuca donax

authorship: Lowe

epithet: donax

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4: 10 (1831)

Drymochloa donax

authorship: (Lowe) H.Scholz & Foggi

Madeira

code: MDR

partners:
Asianidia albula
Asianidia insulana

authors: Lowe

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4(1): 9 (-10)


slug: festuca-elmeri

scientific: Festuca elmeri

authorship: Scribn. & Merr.

epithet: elmeri

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 468 (1902)

preferred: Coast Fescue

english:
Coast Fescue
Elmer's Fescue
coast fescue

Festuca elmeri subsp. luxurians

authorship: Piper

Festuca elmeri var. conferta

authorship: (Beal) Hitchc.

Festuca jonesii var. conferta

authorship: Beal

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names:
coast fescue
Elmer's Fescue

authors: Scribn. & Merr.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 468


slug: festuca-fasciculata

scientific: Festuca fasciculata

authorship: Forssk.

epithet: fasciculata

preferred: dune fescue

Festuca bromoides var. uniglumis

authorship: Lamotte

Festuca uniglumis var. diandra

authorship: Maire

Vulpia fasciculata

authorship: (Forssk.) Fritsch

Vulpia membranacea subsp. fasciculata

authorship: (Forssk.) O.Bolòs, Masalles & Vigo

codes: ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN CYP EAI LBS PAL TCS TUR ALB BAL COR FRA GRB GRC IRE ITA KRI YUG POR SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Ireland

code: IRE

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 157 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Вульпия пучковатая


slug: festuca-gracillima

scientific: Festuca gracillima

epithet: gracillima

Festuca gracillima var. brevifolia

authorship: Speg.

codes: AGS CLS

Argentina South

code: AGS

Chile South

code: CLS

published_in: Fl. Antarct. 2: 383


slug: festuca-hallii

scientific: Festuca hallii

authorship: (Vasey) Piper

epithet: hallii

preferred: plains rough fescue

Dalucum hallii

authorship: (Vasey) Lunell

Festuca altaica subsp. hallii

authorship: (Vasey) V.L.Harms

Festuca altaica subvar. hallii

authorship: (Vasey) St.-Yves

Festuca kingii var. rabinosa

authorship: (Piper) Hitchc.

Festuca scabrella subsp. hallii

authorship: (Vasey) W.A.Weber

Hesperochloa kingii var. rabinosa

authorship: (Piper) Swallen

Melica hallii

authorship: Vasey

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 161 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
plains rough fescue
Hall's fescue

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

authors: Piper

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 31


slug: festuca-heterophylla

scientific: Festuca heterophylla

authorship: Lam.

epithet: heterophylla

preferred: variousleaf fescue

Festuca citardae

authorship: Lojac.

Festuca communis var. heterophylla

authorship: (Lam.) Petif

Festuca duriuscula var. heterophylla

authorship: (Lam.) St.-Amans

Festuca heterophylla f. leiophylla

authorship: (Hack.) Beldie

name: Festuca heterophylla subsp. braun-blanquetii

authorship: Fuente, Ortúñez & Ferrero Lom.

Festuca heterophylla var. erecta

authorship: Peterm.

Festuca heterophylla var. homophylla

authorship: Schur

Festuca heterophylla var. hostii

authorship: Duby

Festuca heterophylla var. laxa

authorship: Neilr.

Festuca heterophylla var. leiophylla

authorship: (Hack.) K.Richt.

Festuca heterophylla var. major

authorship: Merino

Festuca heterophylla var. puberula

authorship: Parl.

Festuca heterophylla var. robusta

authorship: Erdner

Festuca heterophylla var. vulpioides

authorship: (Hack.) Nyman

Festuca heterophylla var. weighartii

authorship: Podp.

Festuca nemorosa

authorship: Latourr.

Festuca nemorum

authorship: Leyss.

Festuca nemorum var. villosum

authorship: Klett & Richt.

Festuca rubra subsp. heterophylla

authorship: (Lam.) Hack.

Festuca rubra subsp. nemorum

authorship: (Leyss.) Schübl. & G.Martens

Festuca rubra subvar. leiophylla

authorship: Hack.

Festuca rubra var. heterophylla

authorship: (Lam.) Mutel

Festuca rubra var. subheterophylla

authorship: Nyár.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: NCS TCS TUR ALB AUT BAL BGM BUL RUC COR CZE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA YUG NET POL ROM SPA SWI TUE UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

region: Eastern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

Netherlands

code: NET

Poland

code: POL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 136 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
variousleaf fescue
Various-leaved Fescue

names:
Verschiedenblättriger Schwingel
Verschiedenblaettriger Schwingel

names:
Fetuque a feuilles de deux sortes
Fétuque hétérophylle

names: Костриця різнолиста

names:
Peisgwellt Amryddail
Peiswellt Amryddail


slug: festuca-idahoensis

scientific: Festuca idahoensis

authorship: Elmer

epithet: idahoensis

preferred: Idaho fescue

Festuca amethystina subvar. idahoensis

authorship: (Elmer) St.-Yves

Festuca idahoensis var. oregona

authorship: (Hack. ex Beal) C.L.Hitchc.

Festuca idahoensis var. roemeri

authorship: Pavlick

Festuca ingrata

authorship: (Beal) Rydb.

Festuca ingrata var. nudata

authorship: Rydb.

Festuca occidentalis var. ingrata

authorship: (Beal) B.Boivin

Festuca occidentalis var. oregona

authorship: (Hack. ex Beal) B.Boivin

Festuca ovina subsp. ingrata

authorship: (Beal) Piper

Festuca ovina var. columbiana

authorship: Beal

Festuca ovina var. oregona

authorship: Hack. ex Beal

Festuca roemeri

authorship: (Pavlick) E.B.Alexeev

codes: ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV NWM ORE SAS SDA UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 472 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Idaho fescue
blue bunchgrass

partners:
Polites mystic sonora
Polites sabuleti
Ursus arctos

partners:
Blumeria graminis
Claviceps purpurea
Pseudoseptoria donacis
Puccinia crandallii
Puccinia graminis
Septoria tenella

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

quote: Idaho fescue is a native, perennial, cool-season grass.

value: Idaho fescue initiates growth in March through April and matures in mid to late summer.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-kingii

scientific: Festuca kingii

authorship: (S.Watson) Cassidy

epithet: kingii

published_in: Bull. Colorado Agric. Exp. Sta. 12: 36 (1890)

preferred: spike fescue

Festuca confinis

authorship: Vasey

Festuca watsonii

authorship: Nash

Hesperochloa kingii

authorship: (S.Watson) Rydb.

Leucopoa kingii

authorship: (S.Watson) W.A.Weber

Wasatchia kingii

authorship: (S.Watson) M.E.Jones

codes: CAL COL IDA KAN MNT NEB NEV NWM ORE SDA UTA WYO

California

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

Nebraska

code: NEB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 126 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

authors: Cassidy

published_in: in Bull. Agric. Exper. Sta., Colorado, xii. 36 (1890); cf. Chase & Niles, Ind.Grass Sp. ii. 128 (1962)

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-lemanii

scientific: Festuca lemanii

epithet: lemanii

published_in: Essai Fl. Maine et Loire : 36 (1809)

Festuca bastardii

authorship: Kerguélen & Plonka

Festuca duriuscula var. lemanii

authorship: (T.Bastard) Doumenjou

Festuca lemanii var. ciliata

authorship: Lej.

Festuca ovina f. lemanii

authorship: (T.Bastard) Hack.

Festuca prasina

authorship: Dumort.

Festuca rubra var. lemanii

authorship: (T.Bastard) Chevall.

codes: BGM FRA GER GRB NET

Belgium

code: BGM

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Netherlands

code: NET

names:
Lemans Schwingel
Lémans Schwingel

names:
Fetuque du Leman
Fétuque de Léman

partners:
Erebia melampus
Acetropis carinata
Aelia acuminata
Aelia klugii
Aeolothrips albicinctus
Agromyza albipennis
Agromyza mobilis
Agromyza nigrella

authors: Bastard

published_in: Essai Fl. Maine et Loire 36 (1809)

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: festuca-ligulata

scientific: Festuca ligulata

authorship: Swallen

epithet: ligulata

preferred: Guadalupe fescue

codes: MXE TEX

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Texas

code: TEX

climate: seasonally dry tropical

authors: Swallen

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: festuca-ligustica

scientific: Festuca ligustica

authorship: (All.) Bertol.

epithet: ligustica

Bromus ligusticus

authorship: All.

Bromus ligusticus var. major

authorship: Savi

Festuca ligustica var. hispidula

authorship: (Parl.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca stipoides var. intermedia

authorship: Mutel

Festuca stipoides var. ligustica

authorship: (All.) Lamotte

Loretia ligustica

authorship: (All.) Duval-Jouve

Vulpia hispidula

authorship: De Not. ex Parl.

Vulpia ligustica

authorship: (All.) Link

Vulpia ligustica var. hispidula

authorship: Parl.

Zerna ligustica

authorship: (All.) B.D.Jacks.

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN TUR ALB COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG SAR SIC TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Corse

code: COR

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

value: therophyte

value: annual

authors: Bertol.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: festuca-livida

scientific: Festuca livida

authorship: (Kunth) Willd. ex Spreng.

epithet: livida

Bromus lividus

authorship: Kunth

Festuca cacuminis

authorship: Hemsl. ex Ball

Festuca grandiflora

authorship: Steud.

Helleria livida

authorship: (Kunth) E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.

authorship: (Kunth) E.Fourn.

Hellerochloa livida

authorship: (Kunth) Rauschert

Schedonorus lividus

authorship: (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.

codes: MXC MXG

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

authors: (Kunth) Willd. ex Spreng.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: festuca-longifolia

scientific: Festuca longifolia

authorship: Thuill.

epithet: longifolia

Festuca caesia

authorship: Sm.

Festuca cinerea subsp. caesia

authorship: (Sm.) Stöhr

Festuca duriuscula var. caesia

authorship: (Sm.) Husn.

Festuca duriuscula var. longifolia

authorship: (Thuill.) Holandre

Festuca duriuscula var. villosa

authorship: (Schrad.) K.Richt.

Festuca glauca subsp. caesia

authorship: (Sm.) K.Richt.

Festuca glauca var. caesia

authorship: (Sm.) Nyman

Festuca longifolia f. villosa

authorship: (Schrad.) Dore

Festuca longifolia var. villosa

authorship: (Schrad.) Howarth ex Martin & Fraser

Festuca ovina f. longearista

authorship: Hack.

Festuca ovina subsp. caesia

authorship: (Sm.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Festuca ovina subvar. villosa

authorship: (Schrad.) Hack.

Festuca ovina var. caesia

authorship: (Sm.) Wahlenb.

authorship: (Sm.) St.-Yves

authorship: (Sm.) Sm.

Festuca ovina var. longifolia

authorship: (Thuill.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca ovina var. villosa

authorship: Schrad.

codes: FRA GRB

France

code: FRA

Great Britain

code: GRB

names:
Langblättriger Schwingel
Blaugrauer Schwingel

names: Fétuque à feuilles longues, Fétuque à longues feuilles

names:
Peisgwellt Glas
Peiswellt Glas

partners:
Claviceps purpurea
Puccinia festucae

value: graminoid

value: Multiple Stem

authors: Thuill.

published_in: Flore des Environs de Paris


slug: festuca-marginata

scientific: Festuca marginata

authorship: (Hack.) K.Richt.

epithet: marginata

Festuca duriuscula var. gallica

authorship: (Hack.) P.Fourn.

Festuca halleri var. marginata

authorship: (Hack.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca hervieri

authorship: (St.-Yves) Patzke

Festuca laevis var. hervieri

authorship: (St.-Yves) P.Fourn.

Festuca ovina var. gallica

authorship: St.-Yves ex Litard.

Festuca timbalii

authorship: (Hack.) Kerguélen

codes: ALG MOR TUN EAI LBS TUR ALB FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Spain

code: SPA

names:
Fétuque de Timbal-Lagrave
Fétuque marginée

authors: Rouy

published_in: Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 211


slug: festuca-maritima

scientific: Festuca maritima

authorship: L.

epithet: maritima

preferred: mat-grass fescue

Agropyron hispanicum

authorship: (Reichard) C.Presl

Agropyron nardus

authorship: Chevall.

Agropyron unilaterale

authorship: (L.) P.Beauv.

Brachypodium biunciale

authorship: (Vill.) Roem. & Schult.

Brachypodium hispanicum

authorship: (Reichard) Rchb.

Brachypodium montanum

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman

Brachypodium psilanthum

authorship: Link

Brachypodium tenuiflorum

authorship: (Schrad.) Roem. & Schult.

name: Brachypodium unilaterale var. tenuiflorus

authorship: (Schrad.) Nyman

Catapodium halleri var. aristatum

authorship: (Tausch) Gaut.

Catapodium montanum

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) M.Laínz

Catapodium tenellum var. aristatum

authorship: (Tausch) Maire

Catapodium unilaterale

authorship: (L.) Griseb.

Festuca divaricata

authorship: Sieber ex Steud.

Festuca krausei

authorship: Regel

Festuca lolioides

authorship: Trin. ex Steud.

Festuca maritima var. psilurus

authorship: Mutel

Festuca poa var. aristata

authorship: (Tausch) Coss.

Festuca smithii

authorship: Kunth

Festuca tenuiflora var. pubescens

authorship: (Lej.) Lej. & Courtois

Festuca unilateralis

authorship: (L.) Schrad.

Festuca unilateralis subsp. maritima

authorship: (L.) K.Richt.

Festuca unilateralis var. aristata

authorship: Coss. & Durieu

Festuca unilateralis var. minor

authorship: Chaub.

Festuca unilateralis var. montana

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Coss. & Durieu

Festucaria psilantha

authorship: (Link) Link

Micropyrum tenellum f. aristatum

authorship: (Tausch) Lambinon

Micropyrum tenellum var. aristatum

authorship: (Tausch) Pilg.

Nardurus elegans

authorship: Drobow

Nardurus gandogeri

authorship: Gredilla

Nardurus krausei

authorship: (Regel) V.I.Krecz. & Bobrov

Nardurus lachenalii subsp. hispanicum

authorship: Arcang.

Nardurus lachenalii var. aristatus

authorship: (Tausch) Boiss. ex Merino

Nardurus maritimus

authorship: (L.) Murb.

Nardurus maritimus subsp. aristatus

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) Tzvelev

Nardurus maritimus subsp. krausei

authorship: (Regel) Tzvelev

Nardurus maritimus subvar. dasyanthus

authorship: Maire

Nardurus maritimus var. biuncialis

authorship: (Vill.) Rothm. & P.Silva

Nardurus maritimus var. muticus

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) De Langhe

Nardurus maritimus var. villosus

authorship: (Maire) Tzvelev

Nardurus montanus

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Nardurus poa var. tenuiculum

authorship: Hy

Nardurus tenellus subsp. unilateralis

authorship: (L.) Arcang.

Nardurus tenellus var. muticus

authorship: Gren.

Nardurus tenuiflorus

authorship: (Schrad.) Boiss.

Nardurus tenuiflorus var. muticus

authorship: Rouy

Nardurus unilateralis var. aristatus

authorship: Boiss.

Nardurus woronowii

authorship: Schischk.

Triticum biunciale

authorship: Vill.

Triticum halleri var. aristatum

authorship: (Tausch) Döll

Triticum hispanicum

authorship: Reichard

authorship: Viv.

Triticum lolioides var. aristatum

authorship: Tausch

Triticum subulatum

authorship: Sm. ex Munro

Triticum unilaterale var. acutum

authorship: Desv.

Triticum unilaterale var. glabrum

authorship: DC.

Vulpia hispanica

authorship: (Reichard) Kerguélen

Vulpia hispanica subsp. montana

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Devesa

Vulpia maritima

authorship: Gray

Vulpia nardus

authorship: Dumort.

Vulpia tenuiflora

authorship: (Schrad.) Heynh.

Vulpia unilateralis

authorship: (L.) Stace

Vulpia unilateralis subsp. aristata

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) D.Rivera & M.A.Carreras

Vulpia unilateralis subsp. montana

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Cabezudo, Devesa, Tormo, F.M.Vázquez & J.M.Nieto

Vulpia unilateralis subsp. tomentosa

authorship: Faramarzi & Rahimin.

codes: ALG MOR TUN AFG IRN IRQ KAZ LBS NCS PAL SAU TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB WHM BGM BUL COR FRA GRB GRC ITA KRY YUG SAR SPA SWI

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

names: Белоусник Краузе


slug: festuca-masafuerana

scientific: Festuca masafuerana

authorship: (Skottsb. & Pilg.) Röser & Tkach

epithet: masafuerana

Bromus masafueranus

authorship: Skottsb. & Pilg.

Megalachne masafuerana

authorship: (Skottsb. & Pilg.) Matthei

Juan Fernández Is.

code: JNF

region: Southern South America

authors: (Skottsb. & Pilg.) Röser & Tkach


slug: festuca-matthewsii

scientific: Festuca matthewsii

authorship: (Hack.) Cheeseman

epithet: matthewsii

published_in: Man. New Zealand Fl., ed. 2: 205 (1928)

Festuca ovina subsp. matthewsii

authorship: Hack.

Festuca petriei

authorship: Howarth

New Zealand South

code: NZS

value: 1 m

authors: Cheeseman

published_in: Man. New Zealand Fl., ed. 2. 205


slug: festuca-microstachys

scientific: Festuca microstachys

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: microstachys

published_in: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 4: 24 (1848)

preferred: small fescue

Festuca arida

authorship: Elmer

Festuca dives

authorship: Suksd.

Festuca eastwoodiae

authorship: Piper

Festuca grayi

authorship: (Abrams) Piper

Festuca microstachys var. grayi

authorship: Abrams

Festuca microstachys var. simulans

authorship: (Hoover) Hoover

Festuca pacifica var. ciliata

authorship: (Beal) Hoover

Festuca pacifica var. simulans

authorship: Hoover

Festuca reflexa

authorship: Buckley

Vulpia arida

authorship: (Elmer) Henrard

Vulpia eastwoodiae

authorship: (Piper) Henrard

Vulpia grayi

authorship: (Abrams) Henrard

Vulpia microstachys

authorship: (Nutt.) Munro

Vulpia microstachys var. ciliata

authorship: (Beal) Lonard & Gould

Vulpia microstachys var. pauciflora

authorship: (Scribn. ex Beal) Lonard & Gould

Vulpia pacifica

authorship: (Piper) Rydb.

Vulpia reflexa

authorship: (Buckley) Rydb.

codes: ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MXI MXN MNT NEV NWM ORE UTA WAS PER

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Mexican Pacific Is.

code: MXI

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Peru

code: PER

region: Western South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 764 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Small-flowered Fescue
small fescue

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-minutiflora

scientific: Festuca minutiflora

authorship: Rydb.

epithet: minutiflora

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 608 (1905)

preferred: smallflower fescue

Festuca brachyphylla var. endotera

authorship: (St.-Yves) Litard.

Festuca ovina var. minutiflora

authorship: (Rydb.) Howell

codes: ASK ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV NWM ORE UTA WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

names:
smallflower fescue
little fescue

authors: Rydb.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 608


slug: festuca-muelleri

scientific: Festuca muelleri

authorship: Vickery

epithet: muelleri

published_in: Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 1: 9 (1939)

codes: NSW VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Victoria

code: VIC

names:
Alpine Fescue
Mueller's Fescue

value: 2 m

authors: Vickery

published_in: Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 1: 9


slug: festuca-muralis

scientific: Festuca muralis

authorship: Kunth

epithet: muralis

Festuca bromoides var. broteroi

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Henriq.

Festuca broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Steud.

Festuca dertonensis var. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca dertonensis var. tenella

authorship: (Boiss.) Briq.

Festuca hybrida

authorship: Brot.

Festuca muralis var. pygmaea

authorship: Macloskie

Festuca myuros var. broteroi

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Ball

Festuca myuros var. muralis

authorship: (Kunth) Speg.

Festuca myuros var. tenella

authorship: Boiss.

Festuca sciuroides var. microstachya

authorship: (Hack.) Trab.

Vulpia bromoides subsp. broteroi

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) A.Bolòs

Vulpia bromoides var. hybrida

authorship: (Brot.) A.Fern., J.G.García & R.Fern.

Vulpia broteri

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Vulpia dertonensis var. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Hegi

Vulpia dertonensis var. longearistata

authorship: (Willk. ex Husn.) Azn.

Vulpia hybrida

authorship: (Brot.) Pau

Vulpia longiseta var. hybrida

authorship: (Brot.) Cout.

Vulpia muralis

authorship: (Kunth) Nees

Vulpia muralis var. spicata

authorship: Franco & Rocha Afonso

Vulpia myuros prol. broteroi

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Rouy

Vulpia myuros subsp. longiaristata

authorship: Cif. & Giacom.

Vulpia myuros subsp. tenella

authorship: (Boiss.) Maire & Weiller

Vulpia myuros var. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Pérez Lara

Vulpia myuros var. tenella

authorship: (Boiss.) Maire

Vulpia sciuroides var. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Trab.

Vulpia sciuroides var. longearistata

authorship: Willk. ex Husn.

Vulpia sciuroides var. microstachya

authorship: Hack.

codes: ALG AZO CNY LBY MDR MOR CYP EAI LBS PAL SAU TUR BAL COR FRA GRC HUN ITA YUG POR SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Morocco

code: MOR

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Türkiye

code: TUR

Baleares

code: BAL

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR


slug: festuca-myuros

scientific: Festuca myuros

authorship: L.

epithet: myuros

preferred: fringed fescue

Avena muralis

authorship: Salisb.

Bromus bohemicus

authorship: F.W.Schmidt ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch

Distomomischus myuros

authorship: (L.) Dulac

Festuca commutata

authorship: Steud.

Festuca linearis

authorship: Gilib.

Festuca megalura

authorship: Nutt.

Festuca myuros f. exserens

authorship: Peterm.

Festuca myuros f. major

authorship: Rohlena

Festuca myuros subsp. pseudomyuros

authorship: (Soy.-Will.) Bonnier & Layens

Festuca myuros var. distans

authorship: Pauquy

Festuca myuros var. hirsuta

authorship: (Hack.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca myuros var. pseudonardurus

authorship: (Soy.-Will.) Asch. & Graebn.

Festuca myuros var. subnuda

authorship: Mutel

Festuca myuros var. willemetii

authorship: Noulet

Festuca pseudomyuros var. reclinata

authorship: (Dumort.) T.Durand

Festuca sciuroides var. pseudomyuros

authorship: Hy

Mygalurus caudatus

authorship: Link

Vulpia bromoides var. rigida

authorship: Nees

Vulpia crinita

authorship: Lojac.

Vulpia major

authorship: (Rohlena) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Vulpia megalura

authorship: (Nutt.) Rydb.

Vulpia murorum

authorship: Gray

Vulpia myuros

authorship: (L.) C.C.Gmel.

Vulpia myuros f. exserens

authorship: (Peterm.) Soó

Vulpia myuros f. megalura

authorship: (Nutt.) Stace & R.Cotton

Vulpia myuros subsp. megalura

authorship: (Nutt.) Soják

Vulpia myuros subsp. pseudomyuros

authorship: (Soy.-Will.) Maire & Weiller

Vulpia myuros var. deserti

authorship: Mouterde

Vulpia myuros var. megalura

authorship: (Nutt.) Auquier

Vulpia myuros var. pseudomyuros

authorship: (Soy.-Will.) Fiori

Vulpia pseudomyuros

authorship: (Soy.-Will.) Rchb.

Vulpia reclinata

authorship: Dumort.

codes: ALG AZO CNY CVI EGY ERI KEN LBY MDR MOR TAN TUN AFG CHS CYP EAI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ KOR LBS NCS PAL SAU SIN TZK TAI CHT TCS TKM TUR UZB EHM IND PAK SRL WHM ALB AUT BAL BGM BUL COR CZE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG NET POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Azores

code: AZO

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Tanzania

code: TAN

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

China Southeast

code: CHS

region: China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1620 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species


slug: festuca-nigrescens

scientific: Festuca nigrescens

authorship: Lam.

epithet: nigrescens

Festuca amethystea

authorship: Pourr. ex Nyman

Festuca cambrica

authorship: Huds.

Festuca fallax var. longifolia

authorship: Zapał.

Festuca fallax var. nigrescens

authorship: (Lam.) Beck

Festuca heterophylla var. alpina

authorship: Godr.

Festuca heterophylla var. nigrescens

authorship: (Lam.) Griseb. ex Ledeb.

Festuca microphylla

authorship: (St.-Yves) Patzke

Festuca nigrescens subsp. microphylla

authorship: (St.-Yves) Markgr.-Dann.

Festuca nigrescens var. heterophylla

authorship: (Nyár.) Soó

Festuca nigrescens var. pubescens

authorship: Monnard

Festuca rubra f. heterophylla

authorship: Nyár.

Festuca rubra f. longifolia

authorship: (Zapał.) Soó

Festuca rubra subsp. caespitosa

authorship: Hack.

Festuca rubra var. denudata

authorship: (Dumort.) Lej.

Festuca rubra var. microphylla

authorship: (St.-Yves) Liou

Festuca rubra var. nigrescens

authorship: (Lam.) Lam.

Festuca versicolor

authorship: J.Presl ex Kunth

Schedonorus nigrescens

authorship: (Lam.) P.Beauv.

codes: ALB AUT BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ITA YUG RUW NOR POL POR ROM SPA SWE SWI UKR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

region: Eastern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

Norway

code: NOR

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

Spain

code: SPA

Sweden

code: SWE

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

names: Овсяница черноватая

names:
kostřava červená načernalá
kostřava načernalá

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-norica

scientific: Festuca norica

authorship: (Hack.) K.Richt.

epithet: norica

Festuca amethystina var. norica

authorship: (Hack.) St.-Yves

Festuca violacea subsp. norica

authorship: (Hack.) Hegi

codes: AUT GER ITA YUG SWI

Austria

code: AUT

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

names:
Norischer Schwingel
Norischer Violett-Schwingel

names:
Fetuque norique
Fétuque norique

value: deciduous

label: Flowering months

value: Jul-Aug

authors: Richter


slug: festuca-novae-zelandiae

scientific: Festuca novae-zelandiae

authorship: (Hack.) Cockayne

epithet: novae-zelandiae

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 48: 178 (1916)

Festuca ovina subvar. pruinosa

authorship: Howarth

Festuca ovina var. novae-zelandiae

authorship: (Hack.) Cheeseman

codes: NZN NZS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: (Hack.) Cockayne


slug: festuca-occidentalis

scientific: Festuca occidentalis

authorship: Hook.

epithet: occidentalis

preferred: western fescue

Festuca ovina var. polyphylla

authorship: Beal

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL IDA MIC MNT ONT ORE SDA UTA WAS WIS WYO

Alaska

code: ASK

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Michigan

code: MIC

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Montana

code: MNT

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Oregon

code: ORE

South Dakota

code: SDA

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wisconsin

code: WIS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 132 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
fétuque de l'Ouest
fétuque occidentale

value: Bunch

value: moderate

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-octoflora

scientific: Festuca octoflora

authorship: Walter

epithet: octoflora

preferred: sixweeks fescue

source: usda

Brachypodium festucoides

authorship: Link

Diarrhena setacea

authorship: (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.

Festuca gracilenta

authorship: Buckley

Festuca octoflora subsp. hirtella

authorship: Piper

Festuca octoflora var. glauca

authorship: (Nutt.) Fernald

Festuca octoflora var. hirtella

authorship: (Piper) Hitchc.

Festuca octoflora var. tenella

authorship: (Willd.) Fernald

Festuca parviflora

authorship: Elliott

Festuca setacea

authorship: Poir.

Festuca tenella

authorship: Willd.

Festuca tenella var. aristulata

authorship: Torr.

Festuca tenella var. glauca

authorship: Nutt.

Gnomonia octoflora

authorship: (Walter) Lunell

Schedonorus tenellus

authorship: (Willd.) P.Beauv.

Vulpia antofagastensis

authorship: Parodi

Vulpia octoflora

authorship: (Walter) Rydb.

Vulpia octoflora f. hirtella

authorship: (Piper) C.H.Blom

Vulpia octoflora var. hirtella

authorship: (Piper) Henrard

Vulpia tenella

authorship: (Willd.) Heynh.

codes: ALA ABT ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MXI MXN MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO AGE AGW AGS CLC CLN

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

Colorado

code: COL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 928 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: festuca-ovina

scientific: Festuca ovina

authorship: L.

epithet: ovina

preferred: Sheep's Fescue

english:
Sheep's Fescue
sheep fescue

Avena ovina

authorship: Salisb.

Bromus ovinus

authorship: (L.) Scop.

Festuca agrestis

authorship: Wulfen ex Steud.

Festuca baumgarteniana

authorship: Schur

Festuca capillaris

authorship: Wulfen

Festuca centroapenninica

authorship: (Markgr.-Dann.) Foggi, F.Conti & Pignatti

Festuca chiisanensis

authorship: (Ohwi) E.B.Alexeev

Festuca cinerea var. scabrifolia

authorship: (Hack.) M.Toman

Festuca duriuscula var. djurjurae

authorship: Batt. & Trab.

Festuca duriuscula var. gracilior

authorship: (Hack.) Bidault

Festuca eskia

authorship: Lej.

Festuca filifolia

authorship: Link

Festuca fontqueriana

authorship: (St.-Yves) Romo

Festuca glauca var. exilior

authorship: (St.-Yves) Bidault

Festuca glauca var. scabrifolia

authorship: Hack.

Festuca glaucantha

authorship: Blocki

Festuca glaucoidea

authorship: (J.Vetter) E.B.Alexeev

Festuca guestphalica

authorship: Boenn. ex Rchb.

Festuca guinochetii

authorship: (Bidault) S.Arndt

Festuca heterophylla

authorship: Wahlenb.

Festuca jumpeiana

authorship: (Ohwi) Kitag.

Festuca laevis var. ruprechtii

authorship: (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch.

Festuca malzevii

authorship: (Litv.) Reverd.

Festuca maskerensis

authorship: (Litard.) Romo

Festuca multiflora

authorship: Suter

Festuca nigra

authorship: Gilib.

Festuca ovina f. aculeolata

authorship: Soó

Festuca ovina f. breviaristata

authorship: Krajina

Festuca ovina f. flavida

authorship: Scoggan

Festuca ovina f. morrisonensis

authorship: Hayata

Festuca ovina f. nitida

authorship: Beldie

Festuca ovina f. sciaphila

authorship: (Schur) Hack.

Festuca ovina f. semivivipara

authorship: Norm.

Festuca ovina f. viridis

authorship: Pamp.

Festuca ovina subsp. coreana

authorship: (St.-Yves) E.B.Alexeev

Festuca ovina subsp. elata

authorship: (Drobow) Tzvelev

Festuca ovina subsp. firmulacea

authorship: (Markgr.-Dann.) Prob.

Festuca ovina subsp. guestphalica

authorship: (Boenn. ex Reichb.) K.Richt.

Festuca ovina subsp. kandavanica

authorship: Vetter

Festuca ovina subsp. maroccana

authorship: (St.-Yves) Dobignard

Festuca ovina subsp. ruprechtii

authorship: (Boiss.) Tzvelev

Festuca ovina subsp. sphagnicola

authorship: (B.Keller) Tzvelev

Festuca ovina subsp. vylzaniae

authorship: Vylzan ex E.B.Alexeev

Festuca ovina subvar. glaucostyla

authorship: Rohlena

Festuca ovina subvar. scabrifolia

authorship: (Hack.) St.-Yves

Festuca ovina subvar. subglaucescens

authorship: Hack. ex Krajina

Festuca ovina var. alpina

authorship: (Wimm.) Godr.

Festuca ovina var. angustifolia

authorship: Parn.

Festuca ovina var. baicalensis

authorship: Vylzan

Festuca ovina var. chiisanensis

authorship: Ohwi

Festuca ovina var. coreana

authorship: (St.-Yves) St.-Yves

Festuca ovina var. elata

authorship: Drobow

Festuca ovina var. elatior

authorship: Andersson

codes: MOR AFG ALT AMU BRY CHN CHC CHS CTA CHI IRN IRK JAP KHA KOR KRA KUR LBS MAG CHM MON NCS PRM CHQ SAK TAI CHT TCS TKM TVA TUR WSB CHX YAK NEP PAK WHM AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA FOR GER GRB HUN IRE ITA YUG RUN RUW NOR POL ROM RUS SWE SWI UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 452 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Овсяница овечья

names:
Echter Schaf-Schwingel
Echter Schafschwingel

names:
genaald schapengras
Ruig en Zinkschapengras

names: Костриця овеча

names: בן-אפר המרעה

partners:
Doratura exilis
Doratura stylata
Hardya tenuis
Jassidaeus lugubris
Kosswigianella exigua
Metropis inermis
Metropis mayri
Mocydiopsis longicauda

partners:
Anomalicornia tenuicornis
Cerchysius subplanus
Ericydnus baleus
Eucoccidophagus semiluniger
Glyphomerus tibialis
Mahencyrtus comara
Rhopus sulphureus
Tetramesa brevicollis

partners:
Pseudoseptoria donacis
Blumeria graminis
Cochliobolus geniculatus
Waitea circinata
Agaricus
Agraricales
Agroathelia rolfsii
Ascochyta avenae

quote: Sheep fescue Festuca ovina L. is an extremely variable cool season grass.

value: greens up in March to early April and matures in late June to mid-July

quote: Sheep fescue “greens up” in March to early April and matures in late June to mid-July.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-pallens

scientific: Festuca pallens

authorship: Host

epithet: pallens

published_in: Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 2: 63 (1802)

Festuca arduenna

authorship: Dumort.

Festuca cinerea f. longiaristata

authorship: Rauschert

Festuca cinerea subsp. pallens

authorship: (Host) Stöhr

Festuca communis var. glauca

authorship: Petif

Festuca duriuscula f. fratrensis

authorship: Krajina

Festuca duriuscula f. pubiculmis

authorship: Hack. ex Rohlena

Festuca duriuscula var. pallens

authorship: (Host) Krajina

Festuca duriuscula var. sandomiriensis

authorship: Zapał.

Festuca glauca f. barbata

authorship: Hack.

Festuca glauca f. borhidiana

authorship: Soó

Festuca glauca f. hirsuta

authorship: Heuff.

Festuca glauca f. scabens

authorship: Beck

Festuca glauca f. virens

authorship: (Krajina) Soó

Festuca glauca var. arduenna

authorship: (Dumort.) Mathieu

Festuca glauca var. major

authorship: Hagenb.

Festuca glauca var. pallens

authorship: (Host) K.Richt.

Festuca glauca var. rigurosa

authorship: (Schur) Soó

Festuca glauca var. rupicola

authorship: Schur

Festuca ovina f. sandomiriensis

authorship: (Soó) St.-Yves

Festuca ovina var. pallens

authorship: (Host) Chenevard

Festuca pallens f. barbata

authorship: (Hack.) Soó

Festuca pallens f. borhidiana

authorship: (Soó) Soó

Festuca pallens f. glabrispicula

authorship: (St.-Yves) Soó

Festuca pallens f. hirsuta

authorship: (Heuff.) Soó

Festuca pallens f. longiaristata

authorship: (Rauschert) Soó

Festuca pallens f. scabens

authorship: (Beck) Soó

Festuca pallens subsp. scabrifolia

authorship: (Hack. ex Rohlena) Zielonk.

Festuca pallens var. sandomiriensis

authorship: (Zapał.) Soó

codes: AUT BGM CZE FRA GER HUN YUG POL ROM SWI UKR

Austria

code: AUT

Belgium

code: BGM

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Овсяница бледная

names:
Bleicher Schwingel
Blasser Schaf-Schwingel

names:
Fetuque pale
Fétuque pâle

names: Костриця блідувата

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: festuca-paradoxa

scientific: Festuca paradoxa

authorship: Desv.

epithet: paradoxa

published_in: Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 209 (1831)

preferred: clustered fescue

Festuca nutans

authorship: Biehler

Festuca nutans var. major

authorship: Vasey

Festuca nutans var. shortii

authorship: (Alph.Wood) Beal

Gnomonia nutans

authorship: Lunell

Poa nutans

authorship: Link

codes: ALA ARK DEL WDC GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MIN MSI MSO NEB NCA OKL ONT PEN QUE SCA TEN TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 146 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
clustered fescue
Cluster Fescue

source: USDA PLANTS