slug: mansoa-alliacea

scientific: Mansoa alliacea

authorship: (Lam.) A.H.Gentry

genus: Mansoa

epithet: alliacea

family: Bignoniaceae

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.  66: 782 (1979 publ. 1980)

preferred: garlicvine

Adenocalymma alliaceum

authorship: (Lam.) Miers

Adenocalymma obovatum

authorship: Urb.

Adenocalymma pachypus

authorship: (K.Schum.) Bureau & K.Schum.

Adenocalymma sagotii

authorship: Bureau & K.Schum.

Bignonia alliacea

authorship: Lam.

Bignonia citrifolia

authorship: Vitman

Pseudocalymma alliaceum

authorship: (Lam.) Sandwith

Pseudocalymma alliaceum var. macrocalyx

authorship: Sandwith

Pseudocalymma pachypus

authorship: (K.Schum.) Sandwith

Pseudocalymma sagotii

authorship: (Bureau & K.Schum.) Sandwith

Pseudocalymma sagotii var. macrocalyx

authorship: (Sandwith) L.O.Williams

codes: BOL BZN BZE CLM ECU FRG GUY LEE PER SUR TRT WIN

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guyana

code: GUY

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 196 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ajillo Ajo

names: Мансоа чесночная

names:
Liane d'Ail (Trinidad & Tobago)
Liane d'ail

names: מנסואה שומית

value: liana

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: mantisalca-salmantica

scientific: Mantisalca salmantica

authorship: (L.) Briq. & Cavill.

genus: Mantisalca

epithet: salmantica

family: Asteraceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat. V. xii. 111 (1930)

preferred: dagger flower

source: wikidata

Calcitrapa brevispina

authorship: Moench

Centaurea besseriana

authorship: Janka ex Nyman

Centaurea codruensis

authorship: Prodan

Centaurea salmantica

authorship: L.

Centaurea salmantica var. clusii

authorship: (Spach) Ball

Centaurea tenella

authorship: hort. ex Spreng.

Centaurea tenuiflora

authorship: Fisch.

Cirsium salamanticum

authorship: Hill

Crocodilium salmanticum

authorship: Sweet

Mantisalca salmantica var. biennis

authorship: Maire

Microlonchus clusii

authorship: Spach

Microlonchus gracilis

authorship: Pomel

Microlonchus salmanticus

authorship: DC.

Microlonchus salmanticus var. gracilis

authorship: (Pomel) Batt.

name: Microlonchus salmanticus var. leptolonchus

name: Microlonchus salmanticus var. salmanticus

Microlonchus spinulosus

authorship: Rouy

Microlonchus valdemorensis

authorship: Cut.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ALG EGY MDR MOR SEL TUN CYP TUR BAL COR FRA GRC ITA YUG POR ROM SAR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Egypt

code: EGY

Madeira

code: MDR

region: Macaronesia

Morocco

code: MOR

Selvagens

code: SEL

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Western Asia

Türkiye

code: TUR

Baleares

code: BAL

continent: EUROPE

region: Southwestern Europe

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

region: Southeastern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

Romania

code: ROM

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: perennial

climate: temperate

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1028 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names: Мантисалка саламанская

names: Mantisalca de Salamanque, Centaurée de Salamanque, Microlonque de Salamanque

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Bombus ruderatus
Colias croceus
Gonepteryx cleopatra
Iphiclides feisthamelii
Melanargia lachesis
Oxythyrea funesta
Pieris brassicae
Nemestrinus ariasi

partners:
Adelphocoris lineolatus
Ammobates dusmeti
Ammobates rufiventris
Bombus pascuorum
Brachymeria tibialis
Camponotus aethiops
Camponotus cruentatus
Carpocoris purpureipennis

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

published_in: Biblioth. Universelle Rev. Suisse sér. 5, 12: 111

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: manulea-androsacea

scientific: Manulea androsacea

authorship: E.Mey. ex Benth.

genus: Manulea

epithet: androsacea

family: Scrophulariaceae

codes: CPP NAM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Namibia

code: NAM

lifeform: annual

climate: desert or dry shrubland

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: annual

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: E.Mey. ex Benth.

published_in: Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 381

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: manulea-buchneroides

scientific: Manulea buchneroides

authorship: Hilliard & B.L.Burtt

epithet: buchneroides

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 286 (1982)

codes: CPP OFS NAT LES

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

climate: subtropical

value: perennial

authors: Hilliard & B.L.Burtt

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(2): 286

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: manulea-caledonica

scientific: Manulea caledonica

authorship: Hilliard

epithet: caledonica

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46: 338 (1990)

authors: Hilliard

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(3): 338

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: manulea-cephalotes

scientific: Manulea cephalotes

authorship: Thunb.

epithet: cephalotes

Manulea densiflora

authorship: Benth.

value: 1 m

authors: Thunb.

published_in: Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 101


slug: manulea-cheiranthus

scientific: Manulea cheiranthus

epithet: cheiranthus

Manulea hirta

authorship: Gaertn.

Manulea rhynchantha

authorship: Link

Nemia cheiranthus

authorship: (L.) P.J.Bergius

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 339 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

license: CC0 / per-source

authors: L.

published_in: Mant. Pl. 18


slug: manulea-chrysantha

scientific: Manulea chrysantha

epithet: chrysantha

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: manulea-corymbosa

scientific: Manulea corymbosa

epithet: corymbosa

Manulea benthamiana

authorship: Hiern

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Suppl. Pl. 286

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: manulea-crassifolia

scientific: Manulea crassifolia

epithet: crassifolia

Manulea thodeana

authorship: Diels

codes: CPP OFS NAT LES MOZ

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

lifeform: annual or biennial

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

authors: Benth.

published_in: Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 382


slug: manulea-decipiens

scientific: Manulea decipiens

epithet: decipiens


slug: manulea-derustiana

scientific: Manulea derustiana

epithet: derustiana

published_in: Edinburgh J. Bot. 49(3): 297


slug: manulea-diandra

scientific: Manulea diandra

epithet: diandra

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46: 339 (1990)

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(3): 339


slug: manulea-dregei

scientific: Manulea dregei

epithet: dregei

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 289 (1982)

codes: CPP LES

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(2): 289

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: manulea-exigua

scientific: Manulea exigua

epithet: exigua


slug: manulea-fragrans

scientific: Manulea fragrans

authorship: Schltr.

epithet: fragrans

authors: Schltr.


slug: manulea-juncea

scientific: Manulea juncea

epithet: juncea

lifeform: perennial or subshrub


slug: manulea-karrooica

scientific: Manulea karrooica

epithet: karrooica

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46: 50 (1989)

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(1): 50


slug: manulea-multispicata

scientific: Manulea multispicata

epithet: multispicata

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46: 51 (1989)

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(1): 51


slug: manulea-obovata

scientific: Manulea obovata

epithet: obovata

lifeform: annual or perennial

published_in: Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 383

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: manulea-parviflora

scientific: Manulea parviflora

epithet: parviflora

Manulea limonioides

authorship: Conrath

Manulea natalensis

authorship: Bernh.

Nemia angolensis

authorship: (Diels) Hiern

codes: ANG CPP SWZ OFS NAT TVL

Angola

code: ANG

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: manulea-platystigma

scientific: Manulea platystigma

epithet: platystigma

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 315 (1979)

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 315


slug: manulea-robusta

scientific: Manulea robusta

authorship: Pilg.

epithet: robusta

Sutera remotiflora

authorship: Dinter ex Range

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

value: shrub

value: subshrub

value: woody

authors: Pilg.


slug: manulea-rubra

scientific: Manulea rubra

authorship: (P.J.Bergius) L.f.

epithet: rubra

Manulea angustifolia

authorship: Link & Otto

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 267 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: manulea-silenoides

scientific: Manulea silenoides

authorship: E.Mey. ex Benth.

epithet: silenoides

names:
Starbone Fingerphlox
Starbone Manulea

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: manulea-tomentosa

scientific: Manulea tomentosa

epithet: tomentosa

Lychnidea tomentosa

authorship: Moench

Manettia tomentosa

authorship: (L.) Crantz

Selago tomentosa

authorship: L.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 457 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Манулея войлочная


slug: mappia-nimmoniana

scientific: Mappia nimmoniana

authorship: (J.Graham) Byng & Stull

genus: Mappia

epithet: nimmoniana

family: Icacinaceae

Mappia cambodiana

authorship: Pierre

Mappia championiana

authorship: Miers

Mappia dimorpha

authorship: Craib

Mappia foetida

authorship: (Wight) Miers

Mappia foetida var. championiana

authorship: (Miers) Thwaites

Mappia ovata var. championiana

authorship: (Miers) Trimen

Mappia tomentella

authorship: Miers ex Valeton

Neoleretia dimorpha

authorship: (Craib) Baehni

Neoleretia foetida

authorship: (Wight) Baehni

Nothapodytes dimorpha

authorship: (Craib) Sleumer

Nothapodytes foetida

authorship: (Wight) Sleumer

Nothapodytes gardneriana

authorship: (Miers) Kosterm.

Nothapodytes minutiflora

authorship: Villiers

Nothapodytes nimmoniana

authorship: (J.Graham) Mabb.

Nothapodytes oblonga

authorship: (Miers) M.R.Almeida

Stemonurus foetidus

authorship: Wight

codes: NNS TAI ASS CBD EHM IND MYA PHI SRL SUM THA VIE

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Myanmar

code: MYA

Philippines

code: PHI

region: Malesia

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: shrub or tree

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 268 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
ghanera
perum pulagi

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

value: tree

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marah-fabacea

scientific: Marah fabacea

authorship: (Naudin) Greene

genus: Marah

epithet: fabacea

family: Cucurbitaceae

published_in: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)

preferred: California manroot

source: inat

Echinocystis fabacea

authorship: Naudin

Echinocystis fabacea var. agrestis

authorship: Congdon

Echinocystis fabacea var. inermis

authorship: (Congdon) Jeps.

Echinocystis scabrida

authorship: Eastw.

Marah fabacea var. agrestis

authorship: (Greene) Stocking

Marah inermis

authorship: (Congdon) Dunn

Megarrhiza californica

authorship: Torr.

Micrampelis fabacea var. agrestis

authorship: Greene

codes: CAL NEV

California

code: CAL

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Nevada

code: NEV

lifeform: climbing caudex geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2020 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Marah oregana

slug: marah-oregana

species: Sicyos angulatus

slug: sicyos-angulatus

species: Marah macrocarpa

slug: marah-macrocarpa

names:
California manroot
Northern California Manroot

names: Мара бобовая

names: แมนรูตแคลิฟอร์เนียเหนือ

partners:
Apis mellifera
Eresia aveyrona mylitta
Glaucopsyche lygdamus
Tapinoma sessile

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Prenolepis imparis

partners:
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Incisalia eryphon
Myathropa florea
Philaenus spumarius
Prenolepis imparis
Tapinoma sessile

authors: (Naudin) Greene

published_in: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: marah-gilensis

scientific: Marah gilensis

authorship: (Greene) Greene

epithet: gilensis

preferred: Gila manroot

Micrampelis gilensis

authorship: (Greene) Britton

codes: ARI MXN NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

region: Mexico

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: climbing tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 658 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Gila manroot
wild cucumber

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: vine

authors: (Greene) Greene


slug: marah-horrida

scientific: Marah horrida

epithet: horrida

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 151 (1913)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 261 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sierra man-root
Sierra manroot

names: แมนรูตเซียร์รา

authors: (Congdon) Dunn

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913(4): 151

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


scientific: Marah macrocarpa

epithet: macrocarpa

preferred: Chilicothe

Megarrhiza macrocarpa

authorship: (Greene) Tidestr.

codes: CAL MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1980 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Marah fabacea

names:
Chilicothe
Cucamonga manroot

names: Мара крупноплодная

names: แมนรูตแคลิฟอร์เนียใต้

partners:
Allograpta obliqua
Ceratina arizonensis
Coccinella septempunctata
Conophorus fenestratus
Hippodamia convergens
Leptoglossus clypealis
Metaphidippus manni
Palpada mexicana

partners:
Callophrys viridis
Eupithecia shirleyata
Otospermophilus beecheyi
Papilio rutulus
Spilosoma vestalis

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

label: Life form

value: geophyte


scientific: Marah oregana

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Howell

epithet: oregana

preferred: coastal manroot

Echinocystis oregana

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Cogn.

Megarrhiza oregona

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) S.Watson

Micrampelis oregana

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Greene

Sicyos oreganus

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

codes: BRC CAL ORE WAS

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1953 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Oregon bigroot
bigroot

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Andrena angustitarsata
Andrena candida
Andrena prunorum
Andrena sp.
Andrena trizonata
Apis mellifera
Ceratina acantha
Coleoptera

authors: (Torr. & A.Gray) Howell

published_in: Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 239


slug: marah-watsonii

scientific: Marah watsonii

authorship: (Cogn.) Greene

epithet: watsonii

preferred: taw manroot

Echinocystis marah

authorship: Cogn.

Echinocystis muricata

authorship: Kellogg

Megarrhiza muricata

authorship: (Kellogg) S.Watson

Micrampelis marah

authorship: (S.Watson) Greene

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 452 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
taw manroot
taw man-root

authors: (Cogn.) Greene

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: maranta-arundinacea

scientific: Maranta arundinacea

authorship: L.

genus: Maranta

epithet: arundinacea

family: Marantaceae

preferred: arrowroot

Maranta arundinacea f. sylvestris

authorship: Matuda

Maranta arundinacea var. indica

authorship: (Tussac) Petersen

Maranta arundinacea var. variegata

authorship: Ridl.

Maranta indica

authorship: Tussac

Maranta minor

authorship: Chantrier ex André

Maranta ramosissima

authorship: Wall.

Maranta silvatica

authorship: Roscoe

Maranta sylvatica

authorship: Roscoe ex Sm.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON LEE NIC PAN PER PUE SUR VEN VNA WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

region: Brazil

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 312 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Quercetin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor ATPase-Inhibitor Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic

Chlorogenic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic AntiEBV AntiHIV AntiLegionella Antiatherosclerotic

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

Protocatechuic-acid

activities: Allergenic Alpha-Glucosidase-Inhibitor AntiLegionella Antiarrhythmic Antiasthmatic Antibacterial Anticlastogen Antihepatotoxic

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Vanillic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelopathic Anthelmintic Antibacterial Anticancer Antifatigue Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

Lignans

activities: Allergenic Antiestrogenic Antimutagenic Antimycotic Antioxidant Antitumor Antiviral Cancer-Preventive

P-hydroxy-benzoic-acid

activities: Antibacterial Antimutagenic Antioxidant Antiradicular Antisickling Cancer-Preventive Fungistat Immunosuppressant

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

partners:
Calpodes ethlius
Leguminivora glycinivorella
Spodoptera litura
Sus scrofa
Sus scrofa leucomystax

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: maranta-divaricata

scientific: Maranta divaricata

epithet: divaricata

published_in: Monandr. Pl. Scitam. : t. 27 (1826)

Maranta arundinacea var. divaricata

authorship: (Roscoe) Hauman

codes: BZE BZS BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

authors: Roscoe

published_in: Monandr. Pl. Scitam. 9-10: t. 27

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: maranta-gibba

scientific: Maranta gibba

authorship: Sm.

epithet: gibba

preferred: maranta

source: usda

Maranta pubescens

authorship: Klotzsch

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ BZC CLM COS ECU GUA GUY HON NIC PER SUR TRT VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

authors: Sm. in Rees

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: maranta-leuconeura

scientific: Maranta leuconeura

epithet: leuconeura

published_in: Ann. Hort. Belge Étrangère  24: 323 (1874)

preferred: Prayer plant

english:
Prayer plant
prayerplant

Calathea fascinator

authorship: (L.Linden & Rodigas) L.H.Bailey

Calathea kerchoveana

authorship: (É.Morren) André

Calathea leuconeura

authorship: (É.Morren) G.Nicholson

authorship: (É.Morren) N.E.Br.

Calathea massangeana

authorship: É.Morren ex L.Gentil

Maranta fascinator

authorship: L.Linden & Rodigas

Maranta kerchovei

authorship: Van Geert

Maranta leuconeura var. kerchoveana

authorship: Petersen

Maranta leuconeura var. massangeana

authorship: É.Morren ex Planch.

Maranta massangeana

authorship: (É.Morren) W.Bull

codes: BZE BZL BZC

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 147 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: prayerplant ten-commandments

names: 豹纹竹芋 豹紋竹芋

names: Baratinha Maranta-barriga-de-sapo

names: Маранта беложильчатая

value: chamaephyte

published_in: Belgique Hort. 24: 323

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: marasmodes-dummeri

scientific: Marasmodes dummeri

authorship: Bolus ex Hutch.

genus: Marasmodes

epithet: dummeri

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1916: 172 (1916)

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

names:
Cape Misdaisy
Whip Autumnaster

authors: Bolus ex Hutch.

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1916(7): 172

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marasmodes-oligocephala

scientific: Marasmodes oligocephala

authorship: DC.

epithet: oligocephala

name: Marasmodes polycephala var. oligocephalus

authorship: (DC.) Harv.

names:
Marasmodes oligocephalus
Slender Autumnaster

authors: DC.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: marasmodes-polycephala

scientific: Marasmodes polycephala

epithet: polycephala

Oligodorella teretifolia

authorship: Turcz.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 44 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: marathrum-plumosum

scientific: Marathrum plumosum

authorship: (Novelo & C.T.Philbrick) C.T.Philbrick & C.P.Bove

genus: Marathrum

epithet: plumosum

family: Podostemaceae

Vanroyenella plumosa

authorship: Novelo & C.T.Philbrick


slug: marathrum-schiedeanum

scientific: Marathrum schiedeanum

authorship: Cham.

epithet: schiedeanum

Lacis foeniculacea

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

Marathrum flexuosum

authorship: Liebm.

Marathrum haenkeanum

authorship: Engl.

authors: Cham.


slug: marcetella-maderensis

scientific: Marcetella maderensis

authorship: (Bornm.) Svent.

genus: Marcetella

epithet: maderensis

family: Rosaceae

published_in: Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron.  18(95): 267 (1948)

Bencomia maderensis

authorship: Bornm.

Sanguisorba maderensis

authorship: (Bornm.) Nordborg

Madeira

code: MDR

region: Macaronesia

lifeform: shrub

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

partners:
Encarsia levadicola
Encarsia noahi

authors: (Bornm.) Svent.

published_in: Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron. 18: 267

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marcetella-moquiniana

scientific: Marcetella moquiniana

authorship: (Webb & Berthel.) Svent.

epithet: moquiniana

published_in: Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron.  18(95): 263 (1948)

Bencomia moquiniana

authorship: Webb & Berthel.

Sanguisorba moquiniana

authorship: (Webb & Berthel.) Nordborg

Canary Is.

code: CNY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 155 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Marcetella Moquin-Marcetella

value: 4 m

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: green

label: Flowering months

value: Mar-Dec

authors: (Webb & Berthel.) Svent.

published_in: Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron. 18: 263

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marcetia-canescens

scientific: Marcetia canescens

authorship: Naudin

genus: Marcetia

epithet: canescens

family: Melastomataceae

Marcetia gracillima

authorship: Cogn.

Marcetia parvifolia

authorship: Brade

codes: BZE BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

authors: Naudin

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 15: 44

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marcetia-taxifolia

scientific: Marcetia taxifolia

authorship: (A.St.-Hil.) DC.

epithet: taxifolia

Marcetia cinerea

authorship: Triana

Marcetia cordigera

authorship: DC.

Marcetia cordigera var. andicola

authorship: (Naudin) Cogn.

Marcetia fastigiata f. imbricata

authorship: (Cogn.) Luetzelb.

Marcetia juniperina

authorship: (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Spreng.) DC.

Marcetia taxifolia var. glandulosa

authorship: (DC.) Cogn.

Rhexia juniperina

authorship: Humb. & Bonpl. ex Spreng.

codes: BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM GUY VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil South

code: BZS

Guyana

code: GUY

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dois de Julho
Vassourinha

partners:
Brachygastra lecheguana
Calicopis sp1 M_PL_031
Polybia scrobalis

partners:
Brachygastra lecheguana
Polybia scrobalis

value: nanophanerophyte


slug: marcgravia-brownei

scientific: Marcgravia brownei

authorship: (Triana & Planch.) Krug & Urb.

genus: Marcgravia

epithet: brownei

family: Marcgraviaceae

Marcgravia ampulligera

authorship: Woodson

Marcgravia rectiflora var. brownei

authorship: Triana & Planch.

codes: MXT BLZ BOL CLM COS ECU GUA HON JAM NIC PAN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: climbing epiphyte

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Atlapetes albinucha
Aulacorhynchus prasinus
Catharus ustulatus
Chamaepetes unicolor
Chiroxiphia linearis
Chlorophonia callophrys
Chlorospingus flavopectus
Colaptes rubiginosus

value: liana

authors: Krug & Urb.

published_in: Symb. Antill. (Urban). 1(2): 367


slug: marcgravia-caudata

scientific: Marcgravia caudata

epithet: caudata

Marcgravia affinis

authorship: Hemsl.

codes: BOL CLM COS ECU PAN

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

lifeform: climbing shrub

partners:
Catharus fuscescens
Catharus minimus
Catharus ustulatus
Dumetella carolinensis
Empidonax traillii
Empidonax virescens
Geothlypis formosa
Helmitheros vermivorum

authors: Triana & Planch.

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 17: 362


slug: marcgravia-mexicana

scientific: Marcgravia mexicana

authorship: Gilg

epithet: mexicana

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 26 (1898)

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS COS HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

partners:
Glossophaga commissarisi
Hylonycteris underwoodi

authors: Gilg

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(3, Beibl. 60): 26


slug: marcgravia-rectiflora

scientific: Marcgravia rectiflora

epithet: rectiflora

preferred: bejuco de lira

source: wikidata

Marcgravia brittoniana

authorship: Alain

Marcgravia macrocalyptra

authorship: Delponte

codes: CLM CUB DOM GUA HAI HON LEE PER PUE

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Peru

code: PER

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

lifeform: climber

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 233 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
bejuco de lira
Shingle Vine

partners:
Coereba flaveola
Euphonia musica
Margarops fuscatus
Melopyrrha portoricensis
Molothrus bonariensis
Myiarchus antillarum
Patagioenas squamosa
Spindalis portoricensis

value: herb

value: epiphyte

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 17: 364

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marcgravia-sintenisii

scientific: Marcgravia sintenisii

authorship: Urb.

epithet: sintenisii

published_in: Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 4: 245 (1886)

preferred: shingleplant

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

lifeform: liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Urb.

published_in: Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 4: 245

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marcgravia-umbellata

scientific: Marcgravia umbellata

authorship: L.

epithet: umbellata

codes: LEE WIN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Agylla argentifera
Agylla nivea
Agylla zucarina
Aptilosia crocea gr 866
Balbura cf dorsigiana 894
Cisthene
Cosmosoma klagesi
Cosmosoma parambae

partners:
Agylla argentifera
Agylla nivea
Agylla zucarina
Cisthene
Cosmosoma klagesi
Cosmosoma parambae
Episcepsis
Episcepsis demonis

authors: L.


slug: marchantia-berteroana

scientific: Marchantia berteroana

authorship: Lehm. & Lindenb.

genus: Marchantia

epithet: berteroana

family: Marchantiaceae

Marchantia berteroana var. anactis

authorship: Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Marchantia berteroana var. biflora

authorship: Nees, Lindenb. & Gottsche

Marchantia berteroana var. polylepida

authorship: Herzog

Marchantia cephaloscypha

authorship: Steph.

name: Marchantia cephaloscypha var. breviradiata

Marchantia contracta

authorship: Bisch.

Marchantia glauca

authorship: Thouars

Marchantia polymorpha var. tabularis

authorship: (Nees) Mitt. ex Gottsche

Marchantia tabularis

authorship: Nees

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 687 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: حشيشة الكبد اللوحية

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

value: lithophyte

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: marchantia-chenopoda

scientific: Marchantia chenopoda

epithet: chenopoda

Chlamidium indicum

authorship: Corda

Cyathophora mexicana

authorship: (Steph.) Underw.

Grimaldia peruviana

authorship: Nees & Mont.

Grimaldia swartzii

authorship: (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Bisch.

Marchantia anapodocarpos

authorship: Neck.

Marchantia chenopoda var. cartilaginea

authorship: (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn.

Marchantia dillenii

authorship: Lindb.

Marchantia flabellata

authorship: Hampe

Marchantia martinicensis

authorship: Sieber ex Bisch.

Marchantia notarisii

authorship: Lehm.

Marchantia peruviana

authorship: (Nees & Mont.) Mont.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: marchantia-emarginata

scientific: Marchantia emarginata

authorship: Reinw., Blume & Nees

epithet: emarginata

published_in: Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 12: 192. 1825.

Marchantia amboinensis

authorship: Mont. & Nees

Marchantia calcarea

authorship: Burgeff

Marchantia convoluta

authorship: C.Gao & K.C.Chang

Marchantia emarginata f. intermedia

authorship: Schiffn.

name: Marchantia emarginata var. longepedunculata

Marchantia palmata var. multiradia

authorship: (Schiffn.) Burgeff

Marchantia platycnemos

authorship: Schwägr.

Marchantia radiata

authorship: Horik.

Marchantia stenolepida

authorship: Herzog ex Burgeff

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 325 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 楔瓣地钱 掌托地钱


slug: marchantia-foliacea

scientific: Marchantia foliacea

authorship: Mitt.

epithet: foliacea

Marchantia fusca

authorship: Steph.

Marchantia pulchra

authorship: Herzog

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: marchantia-inflexa

scientific: Marchantia inflexa

authorship: Nees & Mont.

epithet: inflexa

Marchantia disjuncta

authorship: Sull.

Marchantia papillata subsp. inflexa

authorship: (Nees & Mont.) R.M.Schust.

Marchantia quinqueloba

authorship: Nees

names: حشيشة الكبد المنثنية


slug: marchantia-macropora

scientific: Marchantia macropora

epithet: macropora

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: marchantia-paleacea

scientific: Marchantia paleacea

authorship: Bertol.

epithet: paleacea

Fimbraria paleacea

authorship: (Bertol.) Corda

Marchantia conifissa

authorship: Steph. ex Bonner

Marchantia domingensis

authorship: Lehm. & Lindenb.

Marchantia paleacea var. diptera

authorship: (Nees & Mont.) S.Hatt.

Marchantia paleacea var. xerophila

authorship: (Burgeff) J.J.Engel & B.C.Tan

Marchantia papillata var. italica

authorship: Raddi

Marchantia squamosa

authorship: Raddi ex Lehm.

Marchantia tholophora

authorship: Bisch.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 329 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 粗裂地钱 粗裂地錢

names: Маршанция чешуйчатая


slug: marchantia-pinnata

scientific: Marchantia pinnata

epithet: pinnata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 114 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: テガタゼニゴケ ヒトデゼニゴケ


slug: marchantia-plicata

scientific: Marchantia plicata

epithet: plicata

Marchantia lamellosa

authorship: Hampe & Gottsche

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: marchantia-polymorpha

scientific: Marchantia polymorpha

authorship: L.

epithet: polymorpha

preferred: Common Liverwort

Jungermannia polymorpha

authorship: (L.) Hook.f. & Taylor

Marchantia alpestris

authorship: (Nees) Burgeff

Marchantia alpestris f. mamillata

authorship: (I.Hagen ex Schiffn.) Damsh.

Marchantia berteroana var. antarctica

authorship: Steph. ex Lamothe

Marchantia latifolia

authorship: Gray

Marchantia macrocephala

authorship: Corda

Marchantia monoica

authorship: Grognot

name: Marchantia polymorpha f. brevipedunculata

Marchantia polymorpha f. domestica

authorship: (Wahlenb.) Nees

Marchantia polymorpha f. minor

authorship: (Leers) Bisch.

Marchantia polymorpha f. stenoloba

authorship: (Velen.) Kavina

Marchantia polymorpha subf. carbonaria

authorship: Kavina

Marchantia polymorpha subf. crispa

authorship: (Nees) Kavina

name: Marchantia polymorpha subf. horizontalis

Marchantia polymorpha subf. mamillata

authorship: (I.Hagen ex Schiffn.) Kavina

Marchantia polymorpha var. alpestris

authorship: (Nees) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Marchantia polymorpha var. coarctata

authorship: Corda ex Kavina

Marchantia polymorpha var. communis

authorship: (Nees) Debat

Marchantia polymorpha var. domestica

authorship: Wahlenb.

Marchantia polymorpha var. fontana

authorship: Sibth.

Marchantia polymorpha var. major

authorship: Leers

Marchantia polymorpha var. mamillata

authorship: I.Hagen ex Schiffn.

Marchantia polymorpha var. monoica

authorship: Mérat

Marchantia polymorpha var. peltata

authorship: Wallr.

Marchantia polymorpha var. stellata

authorship: Weiss

Marchantia polymorpha var. stenoloba

authorship: Velen.

Marchantia stellata

authorship: (Weiss) Scop.

Marchantia syckorae

authorship: Corda ex Nees

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2073 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Lunularia cruciata

slug: lunularia-cruciata

names:
Common Liverwort
Green-tongue Liverwort

names:
Empeine
Hepática de las fuentes

names: 地钱 地錢

names:
Маршанция изменчивая
Маршанция многообразная

names:
hépatique des fontaines
marchantie polymorphe

names:
Маршанція мінлива
Маршанція поліморфна

names: lungmossa älvnäver

names: מרשנטיה רבת-צורות

names:
Almindelig lungemos
Mose-lungemos

names: keuhkosammal palokeuhkosammal

names: tvaremose vasstvare

partners:
Loreleia marchantiae
Thumatha senex

partners:
Loreleia marchantiae
Neottiella ithacaensis

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)


slug: marchantia-quadrata

scientific: Marchantia quadrata

authorship: Scop.

epithet: quadrata

preferred: Narrow Mushroom-headed Liverwort

Achiton quadratus

authorship: (Scop.) Corda

Chomiocarpon chifflotii

authorship: Lamothe

Chomiocarpon commutatum

authorship: (Lindenb.) Corda

Chomiocarpon quadratum

authorship: (Scop.) Lindb.

name: Chomiocarpon quadratum subsp. commutatum

authorship: (Lindenb.) Lindb.

Conocephalum quadratum

authorship: (Scop.) Huebener

Cyathophora commutata

authorship: (Lindenb.) Trevis.

Cyathophora hemisphaerica

authorship: (Cogn.) Kuntze

Cyathophora quadrata

authorship: (Scop.) Trevis.

Marchantia commutata

authorship: Lindenb.

Marchantia commutata var. major

authorship: Bisch.

Marchantia commutata var. quadrata

authorship: (Scop.) Lindenb.

Marchantia hemisphaerica

authorship: Hoffm.

Marchantia triloba

authorship: Schrank

Preissia commutata

authorship: (Lindenb.) Nees

Preissia commutata f. gibbosa

authorship: Nees

Preissia commutata f. major

authorship: (Bisch.) Nees

Preissia commutata var. gibbosa

authorship: (Nees) Nees

Preissia commutata var. major

authorship: (Bisch.) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Preissia commutata var. minor-arctica

authorship: Berggr.

Preissia hemisphaerica

authorship: Cogn.

Preissia italica

authorship: Corda

Preissia quadrata

authorship: (Scop.) Nees

Preissia quadrata f. minor

authorship: Saut.

Preissia quadrata subsp. commutata

authorship: (Lindenb.) Bom. & Broth.

Preissia quadrata var. commutata

authorship: (Lindenb.) Lindb. ex Bom.

Reboulia quadrata

authorship: (Scop.) Bertol.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1993 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Narrow Mushroom-headed Liverwort
Northern Mushroom-headed Liverwort

names: 背托地钱 背托苔

names: Прейссия квадратная

names:
preissie commune
preissie nordique

names: kalk-lungmossa kalklungmossa

names: hiidensammal hiidenkeuhkosammal


slug: marchesinia-mackaii

scientific: Marchesinia mackaii

authorship: (Hook.) Gray

genus: Marchesinia

epithet: mackaii

family: Lejeuneaceae

Homalolejeunea mackaii

authorship: (Hook.) Steph.

Jungermannia mackaii

authorship: Hook.

Lejeunea mackaii

authorship: (Hook.) Spreng.

Lejeunea mackaii f. italica

authorship: (De Not.) C.Massal.

Marchesinia mackaii f. italica

authorship: (De Not.) Schiffn.

Marchesinia mackaii var. italica

authorship: (De Not.) Trevis.

Phragmicoma mackaii

authorship: (Hook.) Dumort.

Phragmicoma mackaii var. cornubica

authorship: Rabenh.

Phragmicoma mackaii var. italica

authorship: De Not.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: marcus-kochia-littorea

scientific: Marcus-kochia littorea

authorship: (L.) Al-Shehbaz

genus: Marcus-kochia

epithet: littorea

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Harvard Pap. Bot. 19: 57 (2014)

Cheiranthus littoreus

authorship: L.

Cheiranthus nodosus

authorship: Lam.

Hesperis alyssoides

authorship: Pers.

Hesperis broussonetii

authorship: Kuntze

Malcolmia alyssoides

authorship: DC.

Malcolmia littorea

authorship: (L.) W.T.Aiton

Malcolmia littorea var. multicaulis

authorship: (Pomel) Maire

Malcolmia littorea var. sinuata

authorship: Rouy & Fouc.

Malcolmia littorea var. spatulata

authorship: Camus

Malcolmia multicaulis

authorship: Pomel

Maresia littorea

authorship: (L.) F.Dvořák

Pseudomalcolmia littorea

authorship: (L.) Fern.Prieto, Sanna, Arjona & Cires

Wilckia littorea

authorship: Druce

codes: ALG CNY MOR FRA ITA POR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Morocco

code: MOR

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

partners:
Carcharodus alceae tripolina
Colias croceus
Euchloe belemia
Exoprosopa italica
Pieris brassicae
Pieris rapae
Pontia daplidice
Psilothrix viridicoerulea

source: GIFT

value: non-woody

value: perennial

value: pink

value: Feb-Sep

label: Fruit type

value: pod

authors: (L.) Al-Shehbaz

published_in: Harvard Pap. Bot. 19(1): 57

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: marcus-kochia-ramosissima

scientific: Marcus-kochia ramosissima

authorship: (Desf.) Al-Shehbaz

epithet: ramosissima

Cheiranthus lacerus

authorship: Gouan

Hesperis pumila

authorship: (DC.) Poir.

Hesperis ramosissima

authorship: Desf.

Malcolmia parviflora var. brachypoda

authorship: Emb. & Maire

Malcolmia parviflora var. leiocarpa

authorship: Maire

Malcolmia ramosissima

authorship: (Desf.) Thell.

Maresia ramosissima

authorship: (Desf.) F.Dvořák

Wilckia parviflora

authorship: Halácsy

codes: ALG MOR TUN BAL COR FRA ITA POR SAR SPA

Tunisia

code: TUN

Baleares

code: BAL

Corse

code: COR

Sardegna

code: SAR

value: therophyte

value: annual

authors: (Desf.) Al-Shehbaz


slug: marcus-kochia-triloba

scientific: Marcus-kochia triloba

authorship: (L.) Al-Shehbaz

epithet: triloba

published_in: Harvard Pap. Bot. 19: 58 (2014)

Cheiranthus erucifolius

authorship: Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange

Cheiranthus trilobus

authorship: L.

Hesperis erosa

authorship: Lag.

Hesperis patula

authorship: Lag. ex DC.

Hesperis triloba

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Malcolmia broussonetii

authorship: DC.

Malcolmia castellana

authorship: Rouy

Malcolmia gracillima

authorship: Samp.

Malcolmia lacera subsp. broussonetii

authorship: (DC.) Greuter & Burdet

Malcolmia lacera subsp. gracilima

authorship: (Samp.) Franco ex Greuter et al.

authorship: (Samp.) Franco

Malcolmia lacera subsp. patula

authorship: (Lag. ex DC.) Rivas Mart.

Malcolmia mamorensis

authorship: (H.Lindb.) H.Lindb.

Malcolmia patula subsp. broussonetii

authorship: (DC.) Maire

Malcolmia patula var. longifolia

authorship: Pau ex Font Quer

Malcolmia patula var. tenella

authorship: Lange

Malcolmia triloba

authorship: Spreng.

Malcolmia triloba subsp. patula

authorship: (Lag. ex DC.) Rivas Mart. & C.Navarro

Matthiola lacera

authorship: (L.) Spreng.

Wilckia patula

authorship: (Lag. ex DC.) Samp.

codes: MOR POR SPA

published_in: Harvard Pap. Bot. 19(1): 58


slug: maresia-nana

scientific: Maresia nana

authorship: (DC.) Batt.

genus: Maresia

epithet: nana

published_in: Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 68 (1888)

Cheiranthus nanus

authorship: Merk. ex DC.

Hesperis confusissima

authorship: Kuntze

Malcolmia binervis

authorship: (C.A.Mey.) Boiss.

Malcolmia confusa

authorship: Boiss.

Malcolmia nana var. glabra

authorship: Meikle

Maresia binervis

authorship: Pomel

Maresia nana var. dasycarpa

authorship: Maire

Maresia nana var. glabra

authorship: (Meikle) Christodoulou & Hand

Maresia nana var. nana

authorship: Batt.

Wilckia confusa

authorship: (Boiss.) Halácsy

codes: ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ LBS PAL SIN TCS TUR ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG SIC SPA TUE

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Sinai

code: SIN

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Greece

code: GRC

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sicilia

code: SIC

names: Марезия низкорослая

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: margaritaria-discoidea

scientific: Margaritaria discoidea

authorship: (Baill.) G.L.Webster

genus: Margaritaria

epithet: discoidea

family: Phyllanthaceae

Cicca discoidea

authorship: Baill.

Diasperus discoideus

authorship: (Baill.) Kuntze

Flueggea bailloniana

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Pax

Flueggea fagifolia

authorship: Pax

Flueggea klaineana

authorship: Pierre ex A.Chev.

Margaritaria discoidea subsp. nitida

authorship: (Pax) G.L.Webster

Phyllanthus amapondensis

authorship: Sim

Phyllanthus discoideus

authorship: (Baill.) Müll.Arg.

Phyllanthus flacourtioides

authorship: Hutch.

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CMN CPV CAF CON ZAI SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN NAT LBR MLW MLI MOZ NGA TVL RWA SEN SIE SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Gabon

code: GAB

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Liberia

code: LBR

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

Betulinic-acid

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticarcinomic Antiedemic Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

names:
Narrow-Leaved Peacock-Bush
hairy peacockberry

partners:
Animal animal
Bovidae
Broadleysaurus major
Bycanistes brevis
Cephalophus callipygus
Cephalophus dorsalis
Cephalophus leucogaster
Cephalophus nigrifrons


slug: margaritaria-indica

scientific: Margaritaria indica

authorship: (Dalzell) Airy Shaw

epithet: indica

Bridelia berryana

authorship: Wall.

Calococcus sundaicus

authorship: Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.

Cicca arborea

authorship: C.Wright ex Griseb.

Diasperus berryanus

authorship: Kuntze

Diasperus indicus

authorship: (Dalzell) Kuntze

Diasperus stocksii

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze

Diasperus sundaicus

authorship: (Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.) Kuntze

Glochidion longipedicellatum

authorship: Yamam.

Phyllanthus indicus

authorship: (Dalzell) Müll.Arg.

Phyllanthus sundaicus

authorship: (Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.) Müll.Arg.

Prosorus indicus

authorship: Dalzell

codes: CHS TAI AND BAN BOR IND JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NWG PHI SRL SUM THA VIE QLD

China Southeast

code: CHS

region: China

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Bangladesh

code: BAN

region: Indian Subcontinent

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

Queensland

code: QLD

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

lifeform: tree

names: 紫黃 蓝子木

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

value: tree

value: woody

value: phanerophyte


slug: margaritaria-nobilis

scientific: Margaritaria nobilis

epithet: nobilis

preferred: bastard hogberry

Cicca antillana var. pedicellaris

authorship: Griseb.

Cicca chinensis

authorship: Baill.

Cicca surinamensis

authorship: Miq.

Diasperus antillanus

authorship: (A.Juss.) Kuntze

Margaritaria adelioides

authorship: Rich. ex Baill.

Margaritaria alternifolia

authorship: L.

Margaritaria nobilis var. antillana

authorship: (A.Juss.) Stehlé & Quentin

Margaritaria nobilis var. hypomalaca

authorship: (Standl.) Dugand

Phyllanthus antillanus

authorship: (A.Juss.) Müll.Arg.

Phyllanthus antillanus var. hypomalacus

authorship: (Standl.) Lundell

name: Phyllanthus antillanus var. pedicellaris

Phyllanthus heteromorpha

authorship: Rusby

Phyllanthus nobilis

authorship: (L.f.) Müll.Arg.

Phyllanthus nobilis var. hypomalacus

authorship: Standl.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GAL GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SWC SUR TRT VEN VNA WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

region: Caribbean

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Galápagos

code: GAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 153 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Ramphastos vitellinus
Brycon hilarii
Cebus capucinus
Crax alector
Pecari tajacu
Penelope marail
Psophia crepitans
Tapirus terrestris

published_in: Suppl. Pl. 428, quoad plantam femineam (masculina est Combretacea)


slug: margrethypnum-falcifolium

scientific: Margrethypnum falcifolium

authorship: (Hook.f. & Wilson) J.T.Wynns

genus: Margrethypnum

epithet: falcifolium

family: Lembophyllaceae

Homalia falcifolia

authorship: (Hook.f. & Wilson) Wilson

Hypnum falcifolium

authorship: Hook.f. & Wilson

Pseudotaxiphyllum falcifolium

authorship: (Hook.f. & Wilson) S.He

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 56 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: margyricarpus-pinnatus

scientific: Margyricarpus pinnatus

authorship: (Lam.) Kuntze

genus: Margyricarpus

epithet: pinnatus

preferred: Pearl-fruit

Ancistrum barbatum

authorship: Lam.

Margyricarpus laevis

authorship: Willd.

Margyricarpus patagonicus

authorship: Speg.

Margyricarpus pinnatus var. hirsutus

authorship: Kuntze

Margyricarpus setosus

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

Margyricarpus setosus var. patagonicus

authorship: (Speg.) Speg.

name: Margyricarpus setosus var. paucifoliolatus

authorship: Bitter

codes: AGE AGW AGS BOL BZS BZC CLC CLM ECU PER URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Argentina South

code: AGS

Chile Central

code: CLC

Peru

code: PER

Uruguay

code: URU

climate: montane tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 940 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Pearl-fruit pearlfruit

names: Nigua Perlilla

partners:
Callipepla californica
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Philaenus spumarius
Zenaida auriculata pentheria

value: shrub

value: chamaephyte

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen


slug: marianthus-bicolor

scientific: Marianthus bicolor

authorship: (Putt.) F.Muell.

genus: Marianthus

epithet: bicolor

family: Pittosporaceae

Billardiera bicolor

authorship: (Putt.) E.M.Benn.

Billardiera bicolor var. lineata

authorship: (F.Muell.) E.M.Benn.

Marianthus pictus

authorship: Lindl.

Oncosporum bicolor

authorship: Putt.

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

value: 3 m

authors: (Putt.) F.Muell.

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 2(13): 78


slug: marianthus-bignoniaceus

scientific: Marianthus bignoniaceus

epithet: bignoniaceus

published_in: Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria  1: 6 (1855)

codes: SOA VIC

South Australia

code: SOA

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 628 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 炽酪藤 熾酪藤

label: Woodiness

published_in: Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1: 6


slug: marianthus-sylvaticus

scientific: Marianthus sylvaticus

authorship: L.W.Cayzer & Crisp

epithet: sylvaticus

authors: L.W.Cayzer & Crisp


slug: marianthus-tenuis

scientific: Marianthus tenuis

authorship: Benth.

epithet: tenuis

Billardiera parviflora

authorship: DC.

Marianthus gracilis

authorship: Ostenf.

label: Height

authors: Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 1: 119

reason: Only 25 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marila-dissitiflora

scientific: Marila dissitiflora

genus: Marila

epithet: dissitiflora

family: Calophyllaceae

published_in: Anales Acad. Ci. Méd. Habana 5: 237 (1868)

published_in: Fl. Cub. (Sauvalle) 10


slug: marina-brevis

scientific: Marina brevis

authorship: León de la Luz

genus: Marina

epithet: brevis

family: Fabaceae

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

authors: León de la Luz


slug: marina-calycosa

scientific: Marina calycosa

authorship: (A.Gray) Barneby

epithet: calycosa

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 83 (1977)

preferred: San Pedro false prairie-clover

Parosela calycosa

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Heller

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

source: USDA PLANTS

label: Life cycle

authors: (A.Gray) Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 83

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marina-divaricata

scientific: Marina divaricata

authorship: (Benth.) Barneby

epithet: divaricata

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 70 (1977)

Dalea anthonyi

authorship: Brandegee

Dalea divaricata subsp. anthonyi

authorship: (Brandegee) Wiggins

Dalea variegata

authorship: (Rydb.) Gentry

Parosela anthonyi

authorship: (Brandegee) Rose

Parosela divaricata

authorship: (Benth.) Rose

Parosela variegata

authorship: Rydb.

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Hemiargus ceraunus

authors: (Benth.) Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 70

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: marina-filiciformis

scientific: Marina filiciformis

authorship: (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) Piñeros-U. & F.González

epithet: filiciformis

Dalea filiciformis

authorship: C.B.Rob. & Greenm.

Parosela filiciformis

authorship: (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) Rose

codes: ARI MXC MXG MXE MXS NWM

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

published_in: Caldasia 45(1): 58

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: marina-interstes

scientific: Marina interstes

authorship: Barneby

epithet: interstes

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 90 (1977)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 42 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 90 [Dalea] (-91), pl. XV

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: marina-maritima

scientific: Marina maritima

authorship: (Brandegee) Barneby

epithet: maritima

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 72 (1977)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 179 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Brandegee) Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 72

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marina-orcuttii

scientific: Marina orcuttii

authorship: (S.Watson) Barneby

epithet: orcuttii

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 85 (1977)

preferred: Sonoran Desert Marina

english:
Sonoran Desert Marina
Sonoran false prairie-clover

Parosela orcuttii

authorship: (S.Watson) Parish

codes: CAL MXN

California

code: CAL

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

authors: (S.Watson) Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 85


slug: marina-parryi

scientific: Marina parryi

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Barneby

epithet: parryi

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 68 (1977)

preferred: Parry's Marina

english:
Parry's Marina
Parry's false prairie-clover

Dalea parryi

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Parosela divaricata var. cinerea

authorship: (A.Gray) I.M.Johnst.

Parosela parryi

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Heller

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1465 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Parry's false prairie-clover
Parry's Marina

partners:
Apis mellifera
Echinargus isola

label: Visited by

label: Eaten by

value: subshrub

authors: (Torr. & A.Gray) Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 68


slug: marina-peninsularis

scientific: Marina peninsularis

authorship: (Rose) Barneby

epithet: peninsularis

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 89 (1977)

Dalea canescens

authorship: Benth.

Dalea peninsularis

authorship: (Rose) Bullock

Parosela peninsularis

authorship: Rose

authors: (Rose) Barneby

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 89

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: marina-scopa

scientific: Marina scopa

epithet: scopa

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 134 (1977)

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS COS ELS GUA HON NIC

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

climate: seasonally dry tropical

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: (132-) 134 (-135), pl. XXVIII

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: marina-spiciformis

scientific: Marina spiciformis

epithet: spiciformis

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 104 (1977)

codes: MXC MXE MXT MXS

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 104

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: mariosousa-coulteri

scientific: Mariosousa coulteri

authorship: (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger

genus: Mariosousa

epithet: coulteri

Senegalia coulteri

authorship: (Benth.) Britton & Rose

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Guajillo Shascua

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger


slug: mariosousa-heterophylla

scientific: Mariosousa heterophylla

epithet: heterophylla

preferred: Willard's acacia

Mariosousa willardiana

authorship: (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 118 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Papelillo
palo blanco

names: Мариосоуса разнолистная

published_in: Phytologia 100(4): 257

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MAWI

license: public domain

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: mariosousa-millefolia

scientific: Mariosousa millefolia

authorship: (S.Watson) Seigler & Ebinger

epithet: millefolia

preferred: milfoil wattle

Senegalia millefolia

authorship: (S.Watson) Britton & Rose

names:
Santa Rita Acacia
milfoil wattle

partners:
Anthidiellum
Anthodioctes gualanensis
Centris transversa
Centris xochipillii
Ceratina
Exomalopsis
Exomalopsis otomita
Halictus hesperus

authors: (S.Watson) Seigler & Ebinger

note: common name, checklist symbol MAMI9

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: mariosousa-salazarii

scientific: Mariosousa salazarii

authorship: (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger

epithet: salazarii

Acacia salazarii

authorship: (Britton & Rose) Lundell

Senegalia salazarii

authorship: Britton & Rose

codes: MXC MXS

authors: (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger


slug: markea-longiflora

scientific: Markea longiflora

authorship: Miers

genus: Markea

epithet: longiflora

family: Solanaceae

Marckea camponoti

authorship: Ducke

codes: BZN ECU FRG GUY PER TRT VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Peru

code: PER

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

partners:
Bolbonota aspidistrae
Hemiptycha obtecta
Tritropidia alticollum

label: Life form

value: epiphyte

authors: Miers

published_in: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, 4(21): 186

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: markea-spruceana

scientific: Markea spruceana

authorship: Hunz.

epithet: spruceana

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

authors: Hunz.

published_in: Kurtziana 25: 99, fig


slug: markhamia-lutea

scientific: Markhamia lutea

authorship: (Benth.) K.Schum.

genus: Markhamia

epithet: lutea

family: Bignoniaceae

preferred: siala

Dolichandrone hildebrandtii

authorship: Baker

Dolichandrone lutea

authorship: (Benth.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.

Markhamia hildebrandtii

authorship: (Baker) Sprague

Muenteria lutea

authorship: (Benth.) Seem.

codes: BUR CMN CAF CON ZAI GAB GHA GGI IVO KEN NGA RWA SUD TAN TOG UGA

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

region: West Tropical Africa

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rwanda

code: RWA

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

names: 金黃貓尾木 非洲菜豆樹

names: Маркхамия жёлтая

partners:
Andriasa contraria
Cercopithecus mitis
Cinnyris stuhlmanni
Comibaena leucospilata
Latoia viridicosta
Macropoliana natalensis
Mazuca strigicincta
Parasa chapmani

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] iv. 3b (1895) 242

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: markhamia-obtusifolia

scientific: Markhamia obtusifolia

epithet: obtusifolia

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew  1919: 312 (1919)

Markhamia paucifoliata

authorship: De Wild.

codes: ANG BOT BUR CPV CAF ZAI KEN MLW MOZ NAM RWA TAN ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

names:
Golden Beantree
Golden bell-bean


slug: markhamia-zanzibarica

scientific: Markhamia zanzibarica

authorship: (Bojer ex DC.) K.Schum.

epithet: zanzibarica

Markhamia acuminata

authorship: (Klotzsch) K.Schum.

Markhamia stenocarpa

authorship: (Baker) K.Schum.

Muenteria puberula

authorship: Seem.

Muenteria zanzibarica

authorship: (Bojer ex DC.) Seem.

Spathodea acuminata

authorship: Klotzsch

Spathodea stenocarpa

authorship: Welw.

Spathodea tenuifolia

authorship: Bojer

Spathodea zanzibarica

authorship: Bojer ex DC.

codes: ANG BOT CPV ZAI KEN MLW MOZ NAM TVL SOM ZAM ZIM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Somalia

code: SOM

lifeform: scrambling shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bellbean-Tree
Maroon Bellbean

names: Маркхамия занзибарская

names: klokkiesboontjie klokkiesboontjieboom

names: mosesanantė mositsanateng

value: nanophanerophyte

value: 9 m

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marlothistella-stenophylla

scientific: Marlothistella stenophylla

authorship: (L.Bolus) S.A.Hammer

genus: Marlothistella

epithet: stenophylla

family: Aizoaceae

Bergeranthus stenophyllus

authorship: (L.Bolus) Schwantes ex Fourcade

Ruschia stenophylla

authorship: (L.Bolus) L.Bolus

authorship: (L.Bolus) L.Bolus ex Fourc.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

lifeform: succulent tuberous subshrub

names: 浅予菊 狭叶番杏

value: perennial

authors: (L.Bolus) S.A.Hammer


slug: marojejya-darianii

scientific: Marojejya darianii

authorship: J.Dransf. & N.W.Uhl

genus: Marojejya

epithet: darianii

family: Arecaceae

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

label: Endangered

source: EOL TraitBank / Palm Traits 1.0

authors: J.Dransf. & N.W.Uhl

published_in: Principes 28(4): 151


slug: marojejya-insignis

scientific: Marojejya insignis

authorship: Humbert

epithet: insignis

published_in: Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 6: 94 (1955)

names: Mandanozezika Menamoso

authors: Humbert


slug: marrubium-alysson

scientific: Marrubium alysson

authorship: L.

genus: Marrubium

epithet: alysson

family: Lamiaceae

Beringeria plicata

authorship: (Forssk.) Raf.

Marrubium alysson var. plicatum

authorship: (Forssk.) Nyman

Marrubium plicatum

authorship: Forssk.

codes: ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN PAL SIN ITA SAR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Palestine

code: PAL

region: Western Asia

Sinai

code: SIN

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

Sardegna

code: SAR

region: Southwestern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 106 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шандра бурачковая

names:
Marrube du Levant
Marrube passerage

value: non-woody

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: L.


slug: marrubium-deserti

scientific: Marrubium deserti

authorship: (de Noé) Coss.

epithet: deserti

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France  4: 490 (1857)

Ballota deserti

authorship: (de Noé) Jury, Rejdali & A.J.K.Griffiths

Maropsis deserti

authorship: (de Noé) Pomel

Sideritis deserti

authorship: de Noé

codes: ALG LBY MTN MOR TUN WSA

Mauritania

code: MTN

Western Sahara

code: WSA

authors: (Noë) de Noé ex Coss.

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4(6): 472

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marrubium-incanum

scientific: Marrubium incanum

authorship: Desr.

epithet: incanum

preferred: Silver Horehound

english:
Silver Horehound
horehound

codes: ALB BUL ITA YUG SAR SIC

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sicilia

code: SIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 294 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
horehound
Silver Horehound

names: Шандра седая

names: Marrube blanchi, Marrube blanc, Marrube blanchâtre

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Xylocopa violacea

authors: Desr.

published_in: Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 3(1): 76

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marrubium-leonuroides

scientific: Marrubium leonuroides

epithet: leonuroides

Marrubium affine

authorship: Hornem.

codes: NCS KRY

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Krym

code: KRY

region: Eastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шандра пустырниковая

value: May-Jul

value: nucule

source: Wikidata

published_in: Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 3(2): 715


slug: marrubium-parviflorum

scientific: Marrubium parviflorum

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

epithet: parviflorum

published_in: Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus)  1: 33 (1835)

Marrubium parviflorum var. oligodon

authorship: Boiss.

codes: IRN TCS TUR

Iran

code: IRN

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

names:
Шандра малоцветковая
Шандра мелкоцветковая

authors: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

published_in: Index Seminum [St.Petersburg (Petropolitanus)] i. 33


slug: marrubium-peregrinum

scientific: Marrubium peregrinum

epithet: peregrinum

preferred: horehound

Atirbesia bracteata

authorship: Raf.

Marrubium affine

authorship: Host

Marrubium angustifolium

authorship: Moench

name: Marrubium candidissimum var. subrotundum

Marrubium civice

authorship: Klokov

Marrubium creticum

authorship: Mill.

authorship: Roth

Marrubium odoratissimum

authorship: Pourr. ex Steud.

Marrubium pannonicum

authorship: Rchb.

Marrubium pauciflorum

authorship: Wallr.

Marrubium peregrinum var. creticum

authorship: (Mill.) K.Koch

Marrubium praecox

authorship: Janka

codes: NCS TCS TUR ALB AUT BUL CZE GER GRC HUN KRY YUG ROM RUS TUE UKR

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1071 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Шандра ранняя
Шандра чужеземная

names:
Wander-Andorn
Fremder Andorn

names:
Marrube de Crète
Marrube voyageur

names: Шандра чужоземна

names:
jablečník cizí
jabl

names:
Bela očajnica
Бела очајница

partners:
Andrena magna
Celastrina argiolus
Heliothis peltigera
Iphiclides podalirius
Lycaena phlaeas
Pontia edusa
Scolia hirta hirta
Xylocopa violacea

label: Parasites

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marrubium-plumosum

scientific: Marrubium plumosum

epithet: plumosum

published_in: Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. : 96 (1831)

Marrubium leonuroides var. plumosum

authorship: (C.A.Mey.) Boiss.

names: Шандра Перистая

label: Flowering months

value: Jun

published_in: Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. (C.A. von Meyer). 96


slug: marrubium-supinum

scientific: Marrubium supinum

authorship: L.

epithet: supinum

Marrubium guilliermondii

authorship: Emb.

Marrubium supinum var. barrelieri

authorship: Rouy

codes: ALG MOR TUN SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 328 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: فراسيون منبطح

names: Шандра лежачая

partners:
Bombus californicus
Pieris napi


slug: marrubium-vulgare

scientific: Marrubium vulgare

epithet: vulgare

preferred: White Horehound

english:
White Horehound
horehound
white horehound

source: inat

Marrubium album

authorship: Garsault

Marrubium apulum

authorship: Ten.

Marrubium ballotoides

authorship: Boiss. & Balansa

Marrubium germanicum

authorship: Schrank ex Steud.

Marrubium hamatum

authorship: Kunth

Marrubium hyperleucum

authorship: Candargy

Marrubium uncinatum

authorship: Stokes

Marrubium vaillantii

authorship: Coss. & Germ.

Marrubium vulgare subsp. apulum

authorship: (Ten.) H.Lindb.

Marrubium vulgare subsp. oligodon

authorship: Barratte

Marrubium vulgare var. apulum

authorship: (Ten.) Trevir.

Marrubium vulgare var. gossypinum

authorship: Nábelek

Marrubium vulgare var. lanatum

authorship: Benth.

Marrubium vulgare var. microphyllum

authorship: Baguet

Marrubium vulgare var. vaillantii

authorship: (Coss. & Germ.) P.Fourn.

codes: ALG AZO CNY CVI LBY MDR MOR TUN AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ KAZ LBS NCS PAL SAU SIN TCS TKM TUR UZB CHX NEP PAK WHM ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG NET POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Sinai

code: SIN

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1986 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Marrubiin

activities: Antiarrhythmic Antinociceptive Arrhythmigenic Bitter Cardioactive Choleretic Expectorant Secretogogue

Choline

activities: Antialzheimeran Antichoreic Anticirrhotic Anticystinuric Antidementia Antidiabetic Antidyskinetic Antihomocysteine

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

Ursolic-acid

activities: Analgesic AntiEBV AntiHIV AntiTGF-beta Antialzheimeran Antiarrhythmic Antiarthritic Antibacterial

Apigenin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor AntiADD AntiHIV Antiaflatoxin Antiaggregant Antiaging Antiallergic Antiangiogenic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

names:
Шандра обыкновенная
šandra obyknovennaja

names: Шандра звичайна

partners:
Andrena miserabilis
Andrena pruni
Andrena spiraeana
Anthocomus erichsoni
Anthophora aestivalis
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora furcata
Anthophora terminalis

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus terrestris
Bombus vosnesenskii
Pieris rapae

partners:
Agapostemon obliquus
Agonoscelis puberula
Anthidiellum ehrhorni
Anthidium collectum
Anthidium maculosum
Anthidium manicatum
Apis mellifera
Ashmeadiella cactorum

partners:
Eupteryx melissae
Apis mellifera
Longitarsus ballotae
Meligethes nanus
Pieris rapae
Tritomegas sexmaculatus
Agonoscelis rutila
Allograpta obliqua

partners:
Catolaccus crassiceps
Euderus brevicornis
Neoerysiphe galeopsidis
Pachyneuron aphidis
Podagrion splendens
Pteromalus intermedius
Torymoides kiesenwetteri


slug: marsdenia-formosana

scientific: Marsdenia formosana

authorship: Masam.

genus: Marsdenia

epithet: formosana

family: Apocynaceae

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: CHC NNS TAI

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 604 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 台湾牛奶菜 臺灣牛彌菜

authors: Masam.

published_in: J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 1930, ii. 241


slug: marsdenia-lucida

scientific: Marsdenia lucida

authorship: Edgew. ex Madden

epithet: lucida

codes: EHM IND NEP WHM

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

India

code: IND

Nepal

code: NEP

West Himalaya

code: WHM

authors: Edgew. ex Madden

published_in: J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 17(1): 370


slug: marsdenia-tinctoria

scientific: Marsdenia tinctoria

epithet: tinctoria

published_in: Asclepiadeae : 17 (1810)

Asclepias tinctoria

authorship: (R.Br.) Roxb.

Cynanchum tingens

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Hook.f.

Marsdenia akkar

authorship: Blanco

Marsdenia globifera

authorship: Tsiang

Marsdenia monostachya

authorship: Wall. ex Hook.f.

Marsdenia parviflora

authorship: (Blume) Decne.

Marsdenia tinctoria var. brevis

authorship: Costantin

Marsdenia tinctoria var. tomentosa

authorship: Masam. ex Tsiang & P.T.Li

Pergularia parviflora

authorship: Blume

Pergularia tinctoria

authorship: (R.Br.) Spreng.

codes: CHC CHS CHH JAP NNS TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM JAW LAO MLY MYA NEP PHI SRL SUM THA VIE

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

Tibet

code: CHT

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 313 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 球花牛奶菜 篮叶藤果

names: アイカズラ ソメモノカズラ

partners:
Anterhynchium flavomarginatum
Apis mellifera
Polistes japonicus
Polistes jokahamae
Rhynchium quinquecinctum
Xylocopa flavifrons

partners:
Graphium doson
Scolia superciliaris
Xylocopa dejeanii
Polistes jokahamae

reason: Only 25 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marsdenia-tomentosa

scientific: Marsdenia tomentosa

authorship: C.Morren & Decne.

epithet: tomentosa

published_in: Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 3: 172 (1836)

codes: JAP KOR NNS TAI

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

authors: C.Morren & Decne.

published_in: Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles iii. (1836) 172

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: marshallia-angustifolia

scientific: Marshallia angustifolia

authorship: Pursh

genus: Marshallia

epithet: angustifolia

family: Asteraceae

name: Marshallia angustifolia var. angustifolia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Pursh

published_in: Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh) 2: 520

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: marshallia-caespitosa

scientific: Marshallia caespitosa

authorship: Nutt. ex DC.

epithet: caespitosa

preferred: Barbara's-buttons

english: Barbara's-buttons puffballs

Marshallia caespitosa var. signata

authorship: Beadle & F.E.Boynton

codes: ARK KAN LOU MSO OKL TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Louisiana

code: LOU

Missouri

code: MSO

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1998 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: puffballs Barbara's-buttons

partners:
Apis mellifera
Eumenes bollii
Mitoura gryneus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Euphoria kernii
Hylephila phyleus
Hymenarcys nervosa
Junonia coenia
Typocerus zebra

partners:
Apis mellifera
Euphoria kernii
Hylephila phyleus
Junonia coenia

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Nutt. ex DC.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: marshallia-graminifolia

scientific: Marshallia graminifolia

authorship: (Walter) Small

epithet: graminifolia

preferred: grassleaf Barbara's buttons

source: wikidata

Athanasia graminifolia

authorship: Walter

name: Marshallia graminifolia subsp. graminifolia

name: Marshallia graminifolia subsp. tenuifolia

authorship: (Raf.) L.E.Watson

name: Marshallia graminifolia var. graminifolia

Persoonia angustifolia

authorship: Michx.

Phyteumopsis angustifolia

authorship: Poir.

codes: ALA FLA GEO LOU MSI NCA SCA TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Mississippi

code: MSI

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 474 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
grassleaf Barbara's buttons
Grassleaf Barbara's-Buttons

partners:
Calephelis virginiensis
Halictus poeyi
Hesperia attalus
Problema byssus

authors: (Walter) Small

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25(9): 482


slug: marshallia-legrandii

scientific: Marshallia legrandii

authorship: Weakley

epithet: legrandii

preferred: Tall Barbara's buttons

codes: NCA VRG

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Tall Barbara's buttons
Legrand's Barbara's-Buttons

source: GIFT

authors: Weakley

published_in: Phytoneuron 2012-105: 2

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: marshallia-mohrii

scientific: Marshallia mohrii

epithet: mohrii

published_in: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1(1): 8, tab. 3 (1901)

preferred: Mohr's Barbara's buttons

codes: ALA GEO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 129 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mohr's Barbara's buttons
Coosa Barbara's-buttons

authors: Beadle & F.E.Boynton

published_in: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1(1): 8, tab. 3

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


scientific: Marshallia obovata

authorship: (Walter) Beadle & F.E.Boynton

epithet: obovata

published_in: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1(1): 5 (1901)

preferred: spoonshape Barbara's buttons

Marshallia obovata var. scaposa

authorship: Channell

codes: ALA FLA GEO NCA SCA VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 226 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
spoonshape Barbara's buttons
Piedmont Barbara's-buttons

authors: (Walter) Beadle & F.E.Boynton

published_in: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1(1): 5


slug: marshallia-obovata-beadle-boynt

authorship: Beadle & Boynt.

published_in: in Biltm. Bot. Studies, i. 5

source: usda

Linkia lanceolata

authorship: Britten

Marshallia obovata var. platyphylla

authorship: (M.A.Curtis ex Chapm.) Beadle & F.E.Boynton

Persoonia ligustrina

authorship: Knight

Trattenikia lanceolata

authorship: Pers.

names:
Piedmont Barbara's-buttons
Spoonshape Barbara's buttons

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MAOB


slug: marshallia-trinervia

scientific: Marshallia trinervia

authorship: Trel.

epithet: trinervia

published_in: Rep. (Annual) Arkansas Geol. Surv. 1888, vol. 4: 196 (1891)

preferred: broadleaf Barbara's buttons

Marshallia trinervis

authorship: Porter

codes: ALA GEO LOU MSI NCA SCA TEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

names:
broadleaf Barbara's buttons
Broadleaf Barbara's-buttons

partners:
Acontia leo
Bombus bimaculatus
Dielis plumipes
Oligoria maculata

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

authors: (Walter) Trel.

published_in: Rep. (Annual) Arkansas Geol. Surv. 1888(4): 196

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.