slug: armeria-alliacea

scientific: Armeria alliacea

authorship: (Cav.) Hoffmanns. & Link

genus: Armeria

epithet: alliacea

family: Plumbaginaceae

Armeria alliacea

authorship: Mutel, A.

Armeria alliacea subsp. loscosii

authorship: Romo

Armeria alliacea subvar. sicorisiensis

authorship: (Sennen) Bernis

Armeria alliacea var. allioides

authorship: Pau

Armeria alliacea var. heterophylla

authorship: Pau ex Viciosa

Armeria alliacea var. javalambrica

authorship: Bernis

Armeria alliacea var. palearensis

authorship: O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria alliacea var. rumelicina

authorship: (Bernis) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria alliacea var. sicorisiensis

authorship: (Sennen) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria allioides

authorship: Boiss.

Armeria bupleuroides

authorship: Cutanda

Armeria bupleuroides var. reducta

authorship: Rouy

Armeria cephalotes

authorship: Schousb.

Armeria daveaui subsp. matritensis

authorship: (Bernis) Franco

Armeria dianthoides

authorship: Hornem. & Spreng. ex Boiss.

Armeria juncea

authorship: Wallr.

Armeria leucantha

authorship: Salzm. ex Boiss.

authorship: (Boiss.) Mathon

Armeria longearistata

authorship: Bourg. ex Reut.

Armeria maritima var. matritensis

authorship: (Pau) Bernis

Armeria montana

authorship: Ray ex Wallr.

Armeria montana f. sicorisiensis

authorship: Sennen

Armeria plantaginea subsp. alliacea

authorship: (Cav.) Malag.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. rigida

authorship: (Wallr.) Malag.

name: Armeria plantaginea subsp. sicorisiensis

authorship: (Sennen) Malag.

name: Armeria plantaginea var. scorzonerifolia

Armeria pseudarmeria subsp. allioides

authorship: (Boiss.) Malag.

Armeria sabulosa

authorship: Jord. ex Boreau

Armeria sabulosa var. serpentini

authorship: Legrand

Armeria scorzonerifolia

authorship: Willd.

Armeria segoviensis

authorship: Gand.

Armeria stenophylla

authorship: Girard

Armeria trigoloides

authorship: Ebel

Statice alliacea

authorship: Cav.

Statice allioides

authorship: Braun-Blanq.

Statice dianthodes

authorship: Voss

Statice juncea

authorship: (Wallr.) Samp.

Statice plantaginea var. leucantha

authorship: (Boiss.) F.T.Hubb.

Statice sabulosa

authorship: Fourr.

Statice scorzonerifolia

authorship: Link

Spain

code: SPA

region: Southwestern Europe

value: non-woody

value: phanerophyte


slug: armeria-alpina

scientific: Armeria alpina

authorship: (DC.) Willd.

epithet: alpina

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Armeria alpina

authorship: Hoppe ex Ebel

Armeria alpina f. basitricha

authorship: Simonk.

Armeria alpina f. glabra

authorship: Novák

Armeria alpina f. pumila

authorship: (Fuss ex Jáv.) Novák

Armeria alpina subsp. bubanii

authorship: (G.H.M.Lawr.) Malag.

Armeria alpina subsp. confusa

authorship: (Bernis) Malag.

Armeria alpina subsp. pumila

authorship: Fuss ex Jáv.

Armeria alpina subvar. confusa

authorship: Bernis

Armeria alpina var. eliator

authorship: Conill & Despaty

Armeria alpina var. nana

authorship: Bolzon

Armeria cantabrica var. montana

authorship: Rouy

Armeria elongata var. alpina

authorship: (DC.) Ces.

Armeria halleri

authorship: Wallr.

Armeria maritima subsp. alpina

authorship: (DC.) P.Silva

Armeria maritima subsp. bottendorfensis

authorship: (A.G.Schulz) Rothm.

Armeria maritima subsp. halleri

authorship: (Wallr.) Rothm.

Armeria maritima subsp. serpentini

authorship: (Gauckler) Rothm.

Armeria maritima var. alpina

authorship: (DC.) Bernis

authorship: (Willd.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. occasiana

authorship: (Bernis) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria maritima var. serpentini

authorship: Gauckler

Armeria montana

authorship: (Mill.) F.Herm.

Armeria pocutica subsp. alpina

authorship: (Willd.) P.Silva

Armeria vulgaris subsp. serpentini

authorship: (Gauckler) Holub

Armeria vulgaris var. alpina

authorship: Fiori

authorship: (Willd.) F.Petri

Armeria vulgaris var. halleri

authorship: (Wallr.) F.Petri

Statice alpina

authorship: (DC.) Poir.

Statice armeria var. alpina

authorship: DC.

Statice bottendorfensis

authorship: (A.G.Schulz) O.Schwarz

Statice halleri

authorship: Garcke

Statice montana

authorship: Mill.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ALB BUL CZE FRA YUG ROM SPA UKR

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

region: Middle Europe

France

code: FRA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

Ukraine

code: UKR

region: Eastern Europe

lifeform: perennial

climate: temperate

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 893 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names:
Armeria des Alpes
Arméria des Alpes

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: armeria-arenaria

scientific: Armeria arenaria

authorship: (Pers.) F.Dietr.

epithet: arenaria

published_in: Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 1: 313 (1815)

Armeria alliacea subsp. bupleuroides

authorship: (Gren. & Godr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria alliacea subsp. plantaginea

authorship: (All.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria alliacea subsp. praecox

authorship: (Jord.) Jovet & R.Vilm.

Armeria alpina f. conchensis

authorship: Bernis

Armeria arenaria

authorship: (Pers.) Ebel

authorship: (Pers.) Schult.

Armeria arenaria subsp. apennina

authorship: Arrigoni

Armeria arenaria subsp. praecox

authorship: (Jord.) Kerguélen

Armeria bupleuroides

authorship: Gren. & Godr.

Armeria burgalensis

authorship: Sennen & Elias

Armeria duriensis subsp. oretana

authorship: (Bernis) Franco

Armeria lacaitae

authorship: (Villar) Rivas Mart.

Armeria longiaristata subsp. vestita

authorship: (Willk.) Nyman

Armeria majellensis var. marginata

authorship: Levier

Armeria marginata

authorship: (Levier) Bianchini

Armeria maritima subvar. marginata

authorship: (Levier) Bernis

Armeria maritima var. segoviensis

authorship: Gand. ex Bernis

Armeria montcaunica

authorship: Pau ex Losa

Armeria petri-ludovicii

authorship: Sennen

Armeria plantaginea

authorship: Bertol.

authorship: (All.) Willd.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. bupleuroides

authorship: (Gren. & Godr.) Nyman

Armeria plantaginea subsp. burgalensis

authorship: (Sennen & Elias) Malag.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. montcaunica

authorship: (Pau ex Losa) Malag.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. oretana

authorship: (Bernis) Malag.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. piorum

authorship: (Sennen) Malag.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. praecox

authorship: (Jord.) Nyman

Armeria plantaginea subsp. segoviensis

authorship: (Gand. ex Bernis) Rivas Mart.

Armeria plantaginea var. bupleuroides

authorship: (Gren. & Godr.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria praecox

authorship: Jord.

Armeria segoviensis subsp. lacaitae

authorship: (Huguet del Villar) Rivas Mart., Fern.Gonz. & Sánchez Mata

Armeria vestita

authorship: Willk.

Armeria vulgaris subsp. plantaginea

authorship: (All.) Syme

Armeria vulgaris var. marginata

authorship: (Levier) Fiori

Statice alliacea

authorship: Willd.

Statice arenaria

authorship: Pers.

Statice lacaitae

authorship: Villar

Statice major

authorship: Garsault

Statice plantaginea

authorship: All.

Statice plantaginea var. minor

authorship: Gaudin

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: AUT FRA ITA SPA SWI

Austria

code: AUT

Italy

code: ITA

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 378 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Aglais urticae
Apis mellifera
Erebia alberganus
Halictus submediterraneus
Lasioglossum pauxillum
Lasius niger
Lycaena alciphron
Melitaea cinxia

partners:
Cyaniris semiargus
Melitaea cinxia

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Beosus maritimus
Celypha cespitana
Cryptocephalus fulvus
Lobesia littoralis
Merodon equestris
Polymixis xanthomista
Pyropteron muscaeformis
Sibinia sodalis

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: armeria-beirana

scientific: Armeria beirana

authorship: Franco

epithet: beirana

published_in: Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 561. 1984

Armeria beirana subsp. monchiquensis

authorship: (Bernis) Franco

Armeria beirana subvar. monchiquensis

authorship: Bernis

Armeria scorzonerifolia

authorship: Link

codes: POR SPA

Portugal

code: POR

authors: Franco

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: armeria-berlengensis

scientific: Armeria berlengensis

authorship: Daveau

epithet: berlengensis

published_in: in Bol. Soc. Brot. 2: 24. 1884

Statice welwitschii var. berlengensis

authorship: (Daveau) Samp.

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

value: shrub

value: woody

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: Daveau

published_in: Bol. Soc. Brot. 2: 24

field: phenology

reason: Only 25 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-bigerrensis

scientific: Armeria bigerrensis

authorship: (C.Vicioso & Beltrán) Pau ex Rivas Mart.

epithet: bigerrensis

published_in: in Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 21: 249. 1963

Armeria alpina subsp. microcephala

authorship: (Willk.) Malag.

Armeria caespitosa var. bigerrensis

authorship: Vicioso & Beltrán

Armeria juniperifolia var. bigerrensis

authorship: (Vicioso & Beltrán) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria splendens subsp. bigerrensis

authorship: (Vicioso & Beltrán) P.Silva

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-caespitosa

scientific: Armeria caespitosa

authorship: (Ortega) Boiss.

epithet: caespitosa

published_in: in Candolle, Prodr. 12: 679. 1848

Statice caespitosa

authorship: Ortega

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Aglais urticae
Andrena flavipes
Andrena labialis
Andrena suerinensis
Apis mellifera
Bombus terrestris
Braconidae
Chrysotoxum

authors: Boiss.

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-canescens

scientific: Armeria canescens

authorship: (Host) Boiss.

epithet: canescens

published_in: in Candolle, Prodr. 12: 686. 1848

Armeria alpina

authorship: Guss.

Armeria alpina var. lancifolia

authorship: Freyn

Armeria argyrocephala f. longifolia

authorship: Hausskn.

Armeria argyrocephala var. graeca

authorship: Beck

Armeria canescens

authorship: (Host) Ebel

Armeria canescens f. albiflora

authorship: Novák

Armeria canescens f. dasyphylla

authorship: Rohlena

Armeria canescens f. dasypoda

authorship: Murb.

Armeria canescens f. latifolia

authorship: (Vis.) Novák

Armeria canescens f. pantoscekii

authorship: (Strobl) Novák

Armeria canescens f. rosea

authorship: Beck ex Novak

Armeria canescens subsp. dalmatica

authorship: (Beck) Trinajstić

Armeria canescens var. brachyphylla

authorship: (Boiss.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria canescens var. dalmatica

authorship: (Beck) Novák

Armeria canescens var. latifolia

authorship: Vis.

Armeria denticulata

authorship: Portensch.

authorship: Tratt.

Armeria gracilis var. humilis

authorship: Ten.

Armeria heterophylla

authorship: Wallr.

Armeria majellensis subsp. orphanidis

authorship: (Boiss.) Nyman

Armeria majellensis var. brachyphylla

authorship: Boiss.

Armeria majellensis var. elatior

authorship: Levier ex Arch.

Armeria maritima subsp. smolikana

authorship: Babal.

Armeria maritima var. canescens

authorship: (Host) Bernis

Armeria nebrodensis

authorship: (Guss.) Boiss.

Armeria pantocsekii

authorship: (Strobl) K.Malý

Armeria sardoa var. nebrodensis

authorship: (Guss.) Parl.

Armeria sicula

authorship: Heldr. ex Boiss.

Armeria tenorei

authorship: (Fiori) Lacaita

Armeria vulgaris

authorship: Moris ex Nyman

Armeria vulgaris f. tenorei

authorship: Fiori

Statice canescens

authorship: Host

Statice petteriana

authorship: (C.Presl) Degen

codes: ALB GRC ITA YUG SIC

Greece

code: GRC

Sicilia

code: SIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Host) Boiss.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-choulettiana

scientific: Armeria choulettiana

authorship: Pomel

epithet: choulettiana

Armeria chouletteana var. brachylepis

authorship: Batt.

Armeria plantaginea subsp. choulettiana

authorship: (Pomel) Sauvage & Vindt

Statice plantaginea subsp. choulettiana

authorship: (Pomel) Maire

Statice plantaginea var. barbata

authorship: Maire

Statice plantaginea var. brachylepis

authorship: (Batt.) Maire

Statice plantaginea var. zaianica

authorship: (Emberger, L. & Maire) Maire

Statice villosa var. zaianica

authorship: Emberger, L. & Maire

codes: ALG MOR TUN

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

climate: subtropical

names: Армерия Шулетта

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-curvifolia

scientific: Armeria curvifolia

authorship: Bertero

epithet: curvifolia

published_in: Mercurio Chileno: 563. 1829

Armeria aegialea

authorship: Phil.

Armeria andicola

authorship: Gay ex Boiss.

Armeria andina

authorship: Poepp. ex Boiss.

Armeria androsacea

authorship: Boiss.

Armeria bella

authorship: Albov

Armeria brevifolia

authorship: Kunze ex Boiss.

Armeria chilensis subsp. andina

authorship: (Poepp. ex Boiss.) Reiche

Armeria chilensis subsp. macloviana

authorship: (Cham.) Reiche

Armeria chilensis var. bella

authorship: (Albov) Reiche

Armeria chilensis var. curvifolia

authorship: (Bertero) Boiss.

Armeria chilensis var. genuina

authorship: Reiche

Armeria curvifolia

authorship: Colla

Armeria elongata f. bella

authorship: (Albov) Skottsb.

Armeria elongata var. chilensis

authorship: (Boiss.) Skottsb.

Armeria elongata var. macloviana

authorship: (Cham.) Skottsb.

Armeria macloviana

authorship: Cham.

Armeria macloviana subsp. andina

authorship: (Poepp. ex Boiss.) Iversen

Armeria maritima subsp. andina

authorship: (Poepp. ex Boiss.) D.M.Moore & B.Yates

Armeria maritima var. andina

authorship: (Poepp. ex Boiss.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. curvifolia

authorship: (Bertero) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. macloviana

authorship: (Cham.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. magellanica

authorship: (Boiss.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. patagonica

authorship: (Phil.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Statice bella

authorship: (Albov) Macloskie

Statice caespitosa

authorship: Poir.

Statice chilensis

authorship: (Boiss.) Macloskie

Statice macloviana

authorship: (Cham.) Macloskie

Statice punicea

authorship: Rendle

codes: FAL AGE AGW AGS CLC CLS

Falkland Is.

code: FAL

continent: ANTARCTICA

region: Subantarctic Islands

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Argentina South

code: AGS

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile South

code: CLS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 667 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology


slug: armeria-denticulata

scientific: Armeria denticulata

authorship: (Bertol.) DC.

epithet: denticulata

published_in: Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 7. 1813

Armeria denticulata

authorship: (Bertol.) Bertol.

Armeria maritima var. denticulata

authorship: (Bertol.) Bernis

Armeria vulgaris var. denticulata

authorship: (Bertol.) Fiori

Statice denticulata

authorship: Bertol.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-girardii

scientific: Armeria girardii

authorship: (Bernis) Litard.

epithet: girardii

Armeria filicaulis var. minor

authorship: Boiss.

Armeria juncea

authorship: Girard

Armeria maritima var. girardii

authorship: Bernis

Armeria setacea

authorship: Delile ex Nyman

Statice juncea

authorship: (Wallr.) F.T.Hubb. ex L.H.Bailey

France

code: FRA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 40 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arméria faux jonc
Armérie de Girard

authors: (Bernis) Litard.

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Corse 3(2): 4

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-macrophylla

scientific: Armeria macrophylla

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

epithet: macrophylla

published_in: Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan.: 100. 1852

Armeria pinifolia

authorship: Bourg. ex Nyman

Armeria pinifolia subsp. macrophylla

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Bernis

Statice macrophylla

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Font Quer & Rothm.

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Rothm.

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Boiss. & Reut.

published_in: Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 100


slug: armeria-maderensis

scientific: Armeria maderensis

authorship: Lowe

epithet: maderensis

published_in: in Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 6: 12. 1833

Armeria maritima subsp. maderensis

authorship: (Loew) Bernis

Armeria morisii var. maderensis

authorship: (Lowe ex Boiss.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Madeira

code: MDR

region: Macaronesia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lowe

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4(1): 12

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-malinvaudii

scientific: Armeria malinvaudii

authorship: H.J.Coste & Soulié

epithet: malinvaudii

published_in: in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 58: 362. 1911

Statice majellensis subsp. malinvaudii

authorship: (H.J.Coste & Soulié) P.Fourn.

names: Armérie du Roussillon, Arméria du Roussillon

authors: H.J.Coste & Soulié

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 58: 362

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: armeria-maritima

scientific: Armeria maritima

authorship: (Mill.) Willd.

epithet: maritima

preferred: Sea Thrift

english:
Sea Thrift
Madeira sea pink
thrift
thrift seapink

source: inat

Androsace macloviana

authorship: Cham.

Armeria alpina

authorship: Turcz.

Armeria alpina subsp. barcensis

authorship: (Simonk.) Jáv.

Armeria alpina var. purpurea

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) E.Baumann

Armeria ambifaria

authorship: Focke

Armeria arctica

authorship: (Cham.) Wallr.

Armeria arctica subsp. californica

authorship: (Boiss.) Abrams

Armeria arctica var. californica

authorship: (Boiss.) S.F.Blake

Armeria armeria

authorship: (L.) H.Karst.

Armeria baltica

authorship: Tzvelev

Armeria barcensis

authorship: Simonk.

Armeria campestris

authorship: Wallr.

Armeria duriuscula

authorship: Bab.

Armeria elongata

authorship: (Hoffm.) M.Loehr

authorship: (Hoffm.) W.D.J.Koch

authorship: Hoffm.

Armeria elongata f. rostellata

authorship: Szafer

Armeria elongata var. maritima

authorship: (Mill.) Skottsb.

Armeria elongata var. purpurea

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) Boiss.

Armeria elongata var. scabra

authorship: (Pall. ex Schult.) Regel

Armeria elongata var. sibirica

authorship: (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Hartm.

Armeria intermedia

authorship: (T.Marsson) Szafer

authorship: Link ex Boiss.

Armeria labradorica f. glabriscapa

authorship: (S.F.Blake) Malte

Armeria labradorica f. pubiscapa

authorship: Malte

Armeria labradorica subsp. sibirica

authorship: (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Kamelin

Armeria laucheana

authorship: J.N.Haage & E.Schmidt

Armeria macloviana subsp. californica

authorship: (Boiss.) Iversen

Armeria maritima f. elongata

authorship: (Hoffm.) Blytt

Armeria maritima f. laucheana

authorship: Voss

Armeria maritima subsp. arctica

authorship: (Cham.) Hultén

Armeria maritima subsp. eifeliaca

authorship: (Petri) Lefebvre

Armeria maritima subsp. elegans

authorship: (Bernis) Malag.

Armeria maritima subsp. interior

authorship: (Raup) Lefebvre & Vekem.

Armeria maritima subsp. intermedia

authorship: (T.Marsson) C.Lefèbvre ex Buttler

Armeria maritima subsp. labradorica

authorship: (Wallr.) Hultén

Armeria maritima subsp. majuscula

authorship: (Samp.) Malag.

Armeria maritima subsp. pubescens

authorship: (Sowerby) Rchb.

Armeria maritima var. alpinifolia

authorship: (Pau & Font Quer) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. ambifaria

authorship: (Focke) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. arctica

authorship: (Cham.) Bernis

Armeria maritima var. barcensis

authorship: (Simonk.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. californica

authorship: (Boiss.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. duriuscula

authorship: (Bab.) Bab.

Armeria maritima var. interior

authorship: (Raup) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. labradorica

authorship: (Wallr.) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. linkii

authorship: Gren & Godr.

Armeria maritima var. planifolia

authorship: (Syme) Bab.

Armeria maritima var. pubescens

authorship: (Sowerby) Bab.

Armeria maritima var. pubigera

authorship: (Boiss.) Bab.

Armeria maritima var. purpurea

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) G.H.M.Lawr.

Armeria maritima var. scotica

authorship: (Boiss.) P.D.Sell

Armeria maritima var. sibirica

authorship: (Turcz. ex Boiss.) A.Blytt

Armeria miscella

authorship: Merino

Armeria montana

authorship: G.Don ex Loudon

Armeria planifolia

authorship: Nyman

Armeria pubescens

authorship: Link

authorship: B.Heyne ex Steud.

Armeria rhenana

authorship: Gremli

Armeria scabra

authorship: Pall. ex Schult.

Armeria scabra subsp. arctica

authorship: (Cham.) Iversen

Armeria scabra subsp. labradorica

authorship: (Wallr.) Iversen

Armeria scabra subsp. sibirica

authorship: (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Hyl.

Armeria scabra var. labradorica

authorship: (Wallr.) Tzvelev

Armeria sibirica

authorship: Turcz. ex Boiss.

Armeria vulgaris

authorship: Willd.

Armeria vulgaris f. ambifaria

authorship: (Focke) W.F.Christ.

codes: AZO BRY KAM KHA KRA KUR MAG MON SAK WSB YAK AUT BLT BLR BGM RUC CZE DEN FIN FRA FOR GER GRB HUN ICE IRE ITA YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SPA SWE SWI UKR ASK ALU BRC CAL COL GNL LAB MAN NFL NWT NUN ONT ORE SAS WAS YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1952 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: Armérie maritime, Gazon d'Olympe maritime, Herbe à sept têtes

partners:
Apis mellifera
Andrena nigroaenea
Bombus lapidarius
Calocoris roseomaculatus
Chloropidae
Coleoptera
Diptera
Empis

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus lucorum
Coenonympha pamphilus
Colletes
Erynnis tages
Lycaena phlaeas
Pieris napi
Pieris rapae

partners:
Agapostemon texanus
Apis mellifera
Atalopedes campestris
Bombus vancouverensis vancouverensis
Eristalis tenax
Merodon equestris
Nomada panzeri
Philanthus triangulum

partners:
Aphantopus hyperantus
Apis mellifera
Argynnis callippe callippe
Aristotelia brizella
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus rufocinctus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Callophrys viridis

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: armeria-pseudarmeria

scientific: Armeria pseudarmeria

authorship: (Murray) Mansf.

epithet: pseudarmeria

published_in: in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 140. 1939

preferred: Sea thrift

source: wikidata

Armeria cephalotes

authorship: Hoffmanns. & Link

Armeria formosa

authorship: hort. ex H.Vilm.

Armeria globosa

authorship: Link ex Boiss.

Armeria grandiflora

authorship: Boiss.

Armeria japonica

authorship: Rippa

Armeria longifolia

authorship: Desf.

Armeria plantaginea

authorship: Webb

Armeria pseud-armeria

authorship: Murray

name: Armeria pseudarmeria subsp. monchiquensis

authorship: (Bernis) Malag.

Armeria pseudarmeria subvar. tejedensis

authorship: Bernis

Armeria pseudoarmeria

authorship: Brot.

Statice cephalotes

authorship: Aiton

Statice formosa

authorship: hort. ex E.Vilm.

Statice major

authorship: Samp.

Statice variabilis

authorship: Salisb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 113 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

names: Армерія псевдоармерія

value: variable

authors: (Murr.) Mansf.

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 140

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: armeria-pungens

scientific: Armeria pungens

authorship: (Brot.) Hoffmanns. & Link

epithet: pungens

Armeria berlengensis var. villosa

authorship: Daveau

Armeria fasciculata

authorship: (Vent.) Willd.

Armeria pungens subsp. major

authorship: (Daveau) Franco

Armeria pungens var. aciculifolia

authorship: Franco

Statice fasciculata

authorship: Vent.

codes: COR POR SAR SPA

Corse

code: COR

Sardegna

code: SAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 685 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arméria piquante
Armérie piquante

partners:
Apis mellifera
Heliothis peltigera
Melanargia ines

authors: Hoffmanns. & Link

published_in: Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 1: 439


slug: armeria-ruscinonensis

scientific: Armeria ruscinonensis

authorship: Girard

epithet: ruscinonensis

Armeria alliacea subsp. ruscinonensis

authorship: (Girard) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria alliacea var. littorifuga

authorship: (Bernis) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Armeria canescens subsp. ruscinonensis

authorship: (Girard) Malag.

Armeria foucaudii

authorship: Beck

Armeria maritima

authorship: Girard ex Boiss.

Armeria maritima var. ruscinonensis

authorship: (Girard) G.H.M.Lawr.

name: Armeria ruscinonensis subvar. littorifuga

name: Statice majellensis subsp. eumajellensis

Statice ruscinonensis

authorship: (Girard) P.Fourn.

codes: FRA SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Армерия руссильонская

names:
Arméria du Roussillon
Armérie du Roussillon

authors: Girard

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 2: 323

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: armeria-sardoa

scientific: Armeria sardoa

authorship: Spreng.

epithet: sardoa

Armeria maritima var. sardoa

authorship: (Spreng.) Bernis

Armeria sardoa subsp. genargentea

authorship: Arrigoni

Armeria scabra

authorship: Willd.

Armeria tenuis

authorship: Balb. ex Boiss.

Armeria vulgaris var. sardoa

authorship: (Spreng.) Fiori

authors: Spreng.

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2, Cur. Post.): 127

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: armeria-welwitschii

scientific: Armeria welwitschii

authorship: Boiss.

epithet: welwitschii

published_in: in Candolle, Prodr. 12: 676. 1848

Armeria cinerea

authorship: Boiss. & Welw. ex Boiss. & Reut.

Armeria welwitschii var. cinerea

authorship: (Boiss. & Welw.) Govaerts

Armeria welwitschii var. longibracteata

authorship: Daveau

Statice armeria

authorship: Brot.

Statice welwitschii

authorship: (Boiss.) F.T.Hubb. ex L.H.Bailey

authorship: (Boiss.) Samp.

Statice welwitschii var. cinerea

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Samp.

Portugal

code: POR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 265 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 威尔维海石竹 威尔维花丹

names: Erva-de-curvo Erva-divina

names: Армерия Вельвича

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: armoracia-rusticana

scientific: Armoracia rusticana

authorship: G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.

genus: Armoracia

epithet: rusticana

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 2: 426 (1800)

preferred: Horseradish

english: Horseradish horseradish

Armoracia armoracia

authorship: (L.) Cockerell ex Daniels

Armoracia austriaca

authorship: (Crantz) Bluff, Nees & Schauer

Armoracia lapathifolia

authorship: Gilib.

Armoracia rustica

authorship: Schur

Armoracia sativa

authorship: Bernh.

Cardamine armoracia

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Cochlearia armoracia

authorship: L.

Cochlearia lancifolia

authorship: Stokes

Cochlearia rusticana

authorship: Lam.

Cochlearia variifolia

authorship: Salisb.

Crucifera armoracia

authorship: (L.) E.H.L.Krause

Radicula armoracia

authorship: (L.) B.L.Rob.

Raphanis magna

authorship: Moench

Raphanus rusticanus

authorship: Garsault

Rorippa armoracia

authorship: Hitchc.

Rorippa rusticana

authorship: (G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.) Gren. & Godr.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: RUS UKR

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1990 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Allyl-isothiocyanate

activities: Allergenic Antiasthmatic Antifeedant Antimutagenic Antiseptic Cancer-Preventive Counterirritant Decongestant

Sinigrin

activities: Antifeedant Cancer-Preventive Larvicide Mutagenic Pesticide Phagocytotic Quinone-Reductase-Inducer

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Phytosterols

activities: Antiprostatotic Hypocholesterolemic

Vanillic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelopathic Anthelmintic Antibacterial Anticancer Antifatigue Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names: horseradish Horse-Radish

names:
Rábano Picante
Rábano Rusticano

names: 亮菌 辣根

names: Rábano batata-crem

names: Хрен обыкновенный

names: seiyō-wasabi uma-daikon

names: Meerrettich Kren

names: Cranson raifort

names: Cren Rafano

names:
Bayır turpu
kaşık otu

names: mierik Mierikswortel

names:
Хрін
Хрін звичайний

names: pepparrot Luddveronika

names:
חזרת הגינה
חריין

names: Χρένο (Kréno)

names:
křen selský
chren dedinský

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum

partners:
Cetonia aurata
Malachius aeneus
Meliscaeva auricollis
Mordella marginata
Pieris rapae
Amblyscirtes hegon
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Phlox paniculata
Anthocharis cardamines
Eurydema oleracea
Eurydema ventralis
Heliria scalaris
Phyllotreta armoraciae
Pieris brassicae
Roeseliana roeselii

partners:
Pieris brassicae
Ascia monuste
Evergestis pallidata
Hellula undalis
Lacanobia oleracea
Phaedon cochleariae
Pieris melete
Pieris napi

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Caulimovirus latensarmoraciae
Horseradish curly top virus
Horseradish latent virus
Leptosphaeria maculans
Thielaviopsis basicola
Turnip mosaic virus
Verticillium longisporum

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: geophyte

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: armoracia-sisymbrioides-dc-cajander

scientific: Armoracia sisymbrioides

authorship: (DC.) Cajander

epithet: sisymbrioides

Cochlearia sisymbroides

authorship: DC.

codes: ALT BRY CTA IRK KAZ KRA SAK WSB YAK RUE

Altay

code: ALT

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Sakhalin

code: SAK

region: Russian Far East

West Siberia

code: WSB

Yakutiya

code: YAK

East European Russia

code: RUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 123 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (DC.) Cajander

published_in: Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn. 32(2): 174

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


authorship: N.Busch. ex Ganesh.

published_in: Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Petersb. xiii. 108 (1915).

preferred: Siberian horseradish

Armoracia brassicoides

authorship: Scheutz

Cochlearia heterophylla

authorship: Schlecht.

names:
цхрен гулявниковый
цхрен луговой

authors: N.Busch. ex Ganesh.

published_in: Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk xiii. 108 (1915)

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: arnaldoa-weberbaueri

scientific: Arnaldoa weberbaueri

authorship: (Muschl.) Ferreyra

genus: Arnaldoa

epithet: weberbaueri

family: Asteraceae

published_in: Publ. Mus. Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado", Ser. B, Bot. 19: 2 (1965)

Arnaldoa magnifica

authorship: Cabrera

Arnaldoa peruviana

authorship: Lopez Miranda & Sagást.

Barnadesia weberbaueri

authorship: Muschl.

Peru

code: PER

region: Western South America

authors: (Muschl.) Ferreyra

published_in: Publ. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, Ser. B, Bot. 19: 2

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnebia-coerulea

scientific: Arnebia coerulea

authorship: Schipcz.

genus: Arnebia

epithet: coerulea

family: Boraginaceae

published_in: Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 97 (1921)

Arnebia baldshuanica

authorship: (Lipsky) Schischk.

Arnebia cornuta var. grandiflora

authorship: Trautv.

Arnebia grandiflora

authorship: (Trautv.) Popov

Arnebia orientalis var. baldshuanica

authorship: Lipsky

codes: AFG IRN KAZ KGZ TZK TKM UZB PAK

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Iran

code: IRN

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Pakistan

code: PAK

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Арнебия голубая

label: Height

category: Size

value: annual

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Apr-May

authors: Schipcz.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnebia-obovata

scientific: Arnebia obovata

authorship: Bunge

epithet: obovata

published_in: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 407 (1854)

Arnebia olgae

authorship: Regel

Echioides obovata

authorship: (Bunge) Rothm.

codes: KAZ KGZ UZB

names: Арнебия обратнояйцевидная

value: Apr-Jun

authors: Bunge


slug: arnebia-pulchra

scientific: Arnebia pulchra

authorship: (Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes) J.Edmondson

epithet: pulchra

published_in: Willdenowia 8: 33 (1977)

Aipyanthus pulchra

authorship: (Roem. & Schult.) Kolak.

Arnebia cyrousiana

authorship: Parsa

Echioides longiflora

authorship: (K.Koch) I.M.Johnst.

Huynhia pulchra

authorship: (Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes) Greuter & Burdet

Lithospermum cyrousianum

authorship: (Parsa) I.M.Johnst.

Lithospermum setosum

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Lycopsis pulchra

authorship: Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

codes: IRN NCS TCS TUR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 443 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Арнебия красивая
Хуиния красивая

published_in: Willdenowia 8(1): 33

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnebia-szechenyi

scientific: Arnebia szechenyi

authorship: Kanitz

epithet: szechenyi

published_in: Növényt. Gyujtesek Eredm. Grof Szechenyi Bela Keletazsiai Utjabol : 42 (1891)

Lithospermum szechenyi

authorship: (Kanitz) I.M.Johnst.

names: 紫草 疏花软紫草


slug: arnica-acaulis

scientific: Arnica acaulis

authorship: (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

genus: Arnica

epithet: acaulis

preferred: common leopardbane

Arnica claytonii

authorship: Pursh

Arnica nudicaulis

authorship: Elliott

Doronicum acaule

authorship: Walter

Doronicum claytonii

authorship: Poir.

Doronicum nudicaule

authorship: Michx.

Grammarthron oppositifolium

authorship: Cass.

codes: ALA DEL WDC FLA GEO MRY NWJ NCA PEN SCA VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Maryland

code: MRY

New Jersey

code: NWJ

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

North Carolina

code: NCA

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 208 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
common leopardbane
Leopard's-bane

authors: (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

published_in: Prelim. Cat. 30


slug: arnica-angustifolia

scientific: Arnica angustifolia

authorship: Vahl

epithet: angustifolia

preferred: narrowleaf arnica

Aliseta plantaginea

authorship: Raf.

Arnica alpina

authorship: (L.) Olin & Ladau

Arnica alpina subsp. angustifolia

authorship: (Vahl) Maguire

Arnica alpina subsp. attenuata

authorship: (Greene) Maguire

Arnica alpina subsp. iljinii

authorship: Maguire

Arnica alpina subsp. sornborgeri

authorship: (Fernald) Maguire

Arnica alpina subsp. tomentosa

authorship: (J.M.Macoun) Maguire

Arnica alpina var. attenuata

authorship: (Greene) Ediger & T.M.Barkley

Arnica alpina var. linearis

authorship: Hultén

Arnica alpina var. plantaginea

authorship: (Pursh) Ediger & T.M.Barkley

Arnica alpina var. tomentosa

authorship: (J.M.Macoun) Cronquist

Arnica alpina var. ungavensis

authorship: (B.Boivin) B.Boivin

Arnica angustifolia subsp. attenuata

authorship: (Greene) G.W.Douglas & Ruyle-Dougl.

Arnica attenuata

authorship: Greene

Arnica iljinii

authorship: (Maguire) Iljin

Arnica montana var. alpina

authorship: L.

Arnica montana var. angustifolia

authorship: (Vahl) Hook.

Arnica pulchella

authorship: Fernald

codes: ALT KAM KAZ KRA MAG MON TVA WSB CHX YAK FIN RUN NOR SWE ASK ABT BRC GNL LAB MAN MNT NFL NWT NUN ONT QUE SAS YUK

Altay

code: ALT

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Magadan

code: MAG

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

region: China

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Finland

code: FIN

region: Northern Europe

North European Russia

code: RUN

Norway

code: NOR

Sweden

code: SWE

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

Greenland

code: GNL

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Manitoba

code: MAN

Montana

code: MNT

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Newfoundland

code: NFL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 591 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Andrena lawrencei
Bradysia
Ceratina neomexicana
Hoplitis hypocrita
Pegomya
Scathophaga furcata
Smittia
Boloria chariclea


slug: arnica-cernua

scientific: Arnica cernua

authorship: Howell

epithet: cernua

preferred: serpentine arnica

Arnica chandleri

authorship: Rydb.

codes: CAL ORE

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

authors: Howell

published_in: Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 373


slug: arnica-chamissonis

scientific: Arnica chamissonis

authorship: Less.

epithet: chamissonis

preferred: Chamisso arnica

Arnica chamissonis f. incana

authorship: (A.Gray) B.Boivin

Arnica chamissonis subsp. foliosa

authorship: (Nutt.) Maguire

Arnica chamissonis subsp. incana

authorship: (A.Gray) Maguire

Arnica chamissonis var. andina

authorship: (Nutt.) Ediger & T.M.Barkley

Arnica chamissonis var. bernardina

authorship: (Greene) Jeps. ex Maguire

Arnica chamissonis var. incana

authorship: (A.Gray) Hultén

Arnica chamissonis var. maguirei

authorship: (A.Nelson) Maguire

Arnica foliosa

authorship: Nutt.

Arnica foliosa var. bernardina

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

Arnica incana

authorship: (A.Gray) Greene

codes: ASK ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MAN MNT NEV NWM NWT ONT ORE QUE SAS UTA WAS WYO YUK

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Ontario

code: ONT

Québec

code: QUE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 255 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Арника Шамиссо

names:
Arnica de Chamisso, Arnica américaine
arnica de Chamisso

partners:
Andrena sp.
Apis mellifera
Bombusmixtus
Drymeiaspp.
Dryomyzasp.1
Euphydryasanicia
Lasioglossum anhypops
Lasioglossum athabascense

partners:
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus huntii
Bombus insularis
Bombus mixtus
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus perplexus
Bombus rufocinctus

partners:
Pronotalia carlinarum
Pteromalus albipennis
Pteromalus arnicae

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnica-cordifolia

scientific: Arnica cordifolia

authorship: Hook.

epithet: cordifolia

preferred: Heart-leaf Arnica

english:
Heart-leaf Arnica
heartleaf arnica

Arnica abortiva

authorship: Greene

Arnica andersonii

authorship: Piper

Arnica cordifolia subsp. genuina

authorship: Maguire

Arnica cordifolia subsp. whitneyi

authorship: (Fernald) Maguire

Arnica cordifolia var. humilis

authorship: (Rydb.) Maguire

Arnica microphylla

authorship: Walp.

codes: ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MAN MIC MNT NEV NWM NWT ONT ORE SAS SDA UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Manitoba

code: MAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Montana

code: MNT

South Dakota

code: SDA

region: North-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2014 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Heart-leaf Arnica
heartleaf arnica

partners:
Apoidea
Coleoptera
Diptera
Halictus confusus
Hoplitis fulgida
Lasioglossum
Lepidoptera
Osmia (Melanosmia) sp F2

partners:
Osmia lignaria
Papilio canadensis
Phyciodes tharos
Rheumaptera meadii
Aglais milberti
Agriades glandon
Andrena miranda
Andrena pallidifovea

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus vancouverensis
Pyrobombus

partners:
Dialictus
Drasteria adumbrata
Rheumaptera meadii
Ursus arctos

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)


slug: arnica-discoidea

scientific: Arnica discoidea

authorship: Benth.

epithet: discoidea

preferred: rayless arnica

Arnica alata

authorship: Rydb.

Arnica denudata var. eradiata

authorship: (A.Gray) Cronquist

Arnica discoidea var. alata

authorship: (Rydb.) Cronquist

codes: CAL NEV ORE WAS

California

code: CAL

Oregon

code: ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 889 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Acmaeodera retifera
Occidryas chalcedona

authors: Benth.

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 319


slug: arnica-fulgens

scientific: Arnica fulgens

authorship: Pursh

epithet: fulgens

preferred: foothill arnica

english:
foothill arnica
hillside arnica
orange arnica

Arnica pedunculata f. monocephala

authorship: Cockerell

Arnica pedunculata var. monocephala

authorship: Lunell

Doronicum fulgens

authorship: Poir.

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MAN MNT NEV NDA ORE SAS SDA UTA WAS WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Nevada

code: NEV

North Dakota

code: NDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 373 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
foothill arnica
hillside arnica

names:
arnica brillant
arnica orangée

partners:
Adejeania vexatrix
Adelphocoris
Agapostemon angelicus
Agriades glandon
Andrena
Anthomyiidae sp.
Augochlorella aurata
Bombus

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Chlosyne gorgone
Halictus ligatus
Adejeania vexatrix
Adelphocoris
Agapostemon angelicus
Agriades glandon
Andrena
Anthomyiidae sp.

partners:
Acmaeodera idahoensis
Coenonympha california

value: Rhizomatous

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnica-gracilis

scientific: Arnica gracilis

epithet: gracilis

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24(6): 297 (1897)

preferred: smallhead arnica

codes: ABT BRC IDA MNT ORE UTA WAS WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
smallhead arnica
slender arnica

label: Growth habit

authors: Rydb.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24(6): 297

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnica-griscomii

scientific: Arnica griscomii

authorship: Fernald

epithet: griscomii

preferred: snow arnica

source: usda

Arnica frigida

authorship: C.A.Mey. ex Iljin

Arnica frigida subsp. griscomii

authorship: (Fernald) S.R.Downie

Arnica louiseana subsp. frigida

authorship: (E.Mey. ex Iljin) Maguire

Arnica louiseana var. frigida

authorship: (Iljin) S.L.Welsh

Arnica louiseana var. griscomii

authorship: (Fernald) B.Boivin

codes: KAM MAG YAK ASK BRC NFL NWT QUE YUK

Kamchatka

code: KAM

region: Russian Far East

Magadan

code: MAG

Yakutiya

code: YAK

region: Siberia

Alaska

code: ASK

Newfoundland

code: NFL

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Québec

code: QUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 117 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Griscom's arnica
Snow Leopardbane

names: Арника Грискома

label: Woodiness

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Foliage colour

value: green

label: Flower colour

value: yellow

label: Bloom period

value: Summer


slug: arnica-lanceolata

scientific: Arnica lanceolata

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: lanceolata

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 407 (1841)

preferred: lanceleaf arnica

name: Arnica amplexicaulis subsp. amplexicaulis

Arnica amplexicaulis subsp. prima

authorship: Maguire

Arnica amplexicaulis var. prima

authorship: (Maguire) B.Boivin

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL IDA MAI MNT NEV NBR NWH NWT ORE QUE UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Maine

code: MAI

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 176 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
lanceleaf arnica
Arnica

names:
arnica à aigrette brune
arnica à aigrettes brunes

partners:
Parnassius clodius
Pieris marginalis
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus

value: non-woody

label: Life cycle

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, 7: 407


slug: arnica-latifolia

scientific: Arnica latifolia

authorship: Bong.

epithet: latifolia

published_in: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2(2): 147 (1832)

preferred: broadleaf arnica

Arnica aphanactis

authorship: Piper

Arnica aprica

authorship: Greene

Arnica eriopoda

authorship: Gand.

Arnica intermedia

authorship: Howell ex Rydb.

Arnica latifolia var. angustifolia

authorship: Herder

Arnica menziesii

authorship: Hook.

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NWT ORE UTA WAS WYO YUK

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Oregon

code: ORE

climate: subalpine or subarctic

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1300 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
broadleaf arnica
arnica

names: 大豹毒 闊葉山金車

names: Арника широколистная

names:
arnica à feuilles larges
arnica à larges feuilles

partners:
Aglais milberti
Boloria epithore
Parnassius clodius
Phyciodes tharos
Boloria chariclea rainieri
Bombus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavidus

partners:
Boloria epithore
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus

label: Eaten by

value: herb

published_in: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 147


slug: arnica-lessingii

scientific: Arnica lessingii

epithet: lessingii

preferred: nodding arnica

Arnica angustifolia var. lessingii

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Arnica lessingii subsp. norbergii

authorship: Hultén & Maguire

codes: KAM ASK BRC NWT YUK

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Alaska

code: ASK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 183 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
nodding arnica
Lessing's arnica

names: Арника Лессинга

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

value: Jul

label: Fruit type

value: achene

source: Wikidata

authors: Greene


slug: arnica-lonchophylla

scientific: Arnica lonchophylla

epithet: lonchophylla

preferred: longleaf arnica

Arnica alpina subsp. lonchophylla

authorship: (Greene) G.W.Douglas & Ruyle-Dougl.

Arnica alpina var. lonchophylla

authorship: (Greene) S.L.Welsh

Arnica chionopappa

authorship: Fernald

Arnica fernaldii

authorship: Rydb.

Arnica lonchophylla subsp. arnoglossa

authorship: (Greene) Maguire

Arnica lonchophylla subsp. chionopappa

authorship: (Fernald) Maguire

Arnica lonchophylla var. arnoglossa

authorship: (Greene) B.Boivin

codes: ASK ABT BRC LAB MAN MIN NBR NFL NWT NSC NUN ONT QUE SAS SDA WYO YUK

Labrador

code: LAB

Manitoba

code: MAN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Newfoundland

code: NFL

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Nunavut

code: NUN

Ontario

code: ONT

Québec

code: QUE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
longleaf arnica
long-leaved arnica

names: arnica lonchophylle sous-espèce lonchophylle

source: GIFT

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnica-longifolia

scientific: Arnica longifolia

epithet: longifolia

published_in: Botany [Fortieth Parallel] 5: 186 (1871)

preferred: spearleaf arnica

Arnica longifolia subsp. genuina

authorship: Maguire

Arnica longifolia subsp. myriadenia

authorship: (Piper) Maguire

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 77 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
spearleaf arnica
long-leaved arnica

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Ceratina nanula
Hoplitis albifrons argentifrons
Megachile lapponica
Osmia subaustralis
Stelis

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

value: Bunch

label: Growth rate

value: moderate

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: arnica-mollis

scientific: Arnica mollis

epithet: mollis

preferred: hairy arnica

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV NWT ORE UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Oregon

code: ORE

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 197 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
hairy arnica
cordilleran arnica

names:
Arnica molle
arnica douce

partners: Apoidea Diptera Lepidoptera

partners:
Pyrobombus
Aglais milberti
Agriades glandon
Argynnis atlantis sorocko
Argynnis hesperis
Boloria eunomia
Boloria titania
Bombus bifarius

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii

reason: Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnica-montana

scientific: Arnica montana

authorship: L.

epithet: montana

preferred: mountain arnica

Arnica alpina

authorship: Willd. ex Steud.

Arnica alpina f. inundata

authorship: Porsild

Arnica angustifolia

authorship: Turcz. ex Ledeb.

Arnica helvetica

authorship: G.Don ex Loudon

Arnica lowii

authorship: Holm

Arnica montana var. atlantica

authorship: (A.Bolòs) B.Bock

Arnica petiolata

authorship: Schur

Arnica plantaginisfolia

authorship: Gilib.

Cineraria cernua

authorship: Thore

Doronicum arnica

authorship: Garsault

Doronicum montanum

authorship: Lam.

codes: AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL CZE DEN FRA GER HUN ITA YUG NET NOR POL POR ROM SPA SWE SWI UKR

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

region: Southeastern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

Norway

code: NOR

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Romania

code: ROM

Spain

code: SPA

Sweden

code: SWE

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1934 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Inulin

activities:
Alcohol-Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor
Anticolitic?
Antidiabetic
Antidiarrheic
Antiobesity?
Antiosteoporotic?
Bifidogenic
Chemopreventive (Breast Cancer)

Helenalin

activities: Allergenic Analgesic Antiarthritic Antibacterial Antibiotic Antiedemic Antifeedant Antihyperlipidemic

Luteolin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiHIV Antiallergic Antiangiogenic Antiatherogenic Antibacterial Anticarcinogenic Anticarcinomic

Thymol

activities: Acaricide Allergenic Analgesic Ancylostomicide Anesthetic Ankylostomacide Anthelmintic Antiacne

Chlorogenic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic AntiEBV AntiHIV AntiLegionella Antiatherosclerotic

Caffeic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic AntiHIV AntiLegionella Antiadenoviral Antiaggregant Antiaging

Gallic-acid

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Analgesic AntiHIV AntiMRSA Antiadenovirus Antiallergenic Antianaphylactic Antiangiogenic

Dihydrohelenalin

activities: Analgesic Antiarthritic Antibacterial Antihyperlipidemic Antiinflammatory Antirheumatic Antiseptic Pesticide

Isoquercitrin

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antibacterial Anticancer Antielastase Antifeedant Antiinflammatory Antinociceptive

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names:
mountain arnica
European arnica

names:
Echte Arnika
Arnika

names: Арніка гірська

partners:
Bombus bohemicus
Cheilosia bergenstammi
Dasytes plumbeus
Hercostomus
Miarus campanulae
Scathophaga stercoraria
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata

partners:
Apis mellifera
Aglais urticae
Boloria napaea
Colias palaeno
Lycaena dispar
Oxythyrea funesta
Bombus bohemicus
Hercostomus

partners:
Aculepeira ceropegia
Boloria selene
Clossiana euphrosyne
Episyrphus balteatus
Eristalis tenax
Lapposyrphus lapponicus
Misumena vatia

partners:
Erythria pedemontana
Acanthis flammea
Aglais io
Aglais urticae
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: arnica-parryi

scientific: Arnica parryi

epithet: parryi

published_in: Amer. Naturalist 8: 213 (1874)

preferred: Parry arnica

english:
Parry arnica
Parry's arnica
rayless arnica

Arnica foliosa var. sonnei

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

Arnica parryi subsp. sonnei

authorship: (Greene) Maguire

Arnica parryi var. crinita

authorship: Osterh.

Arnica parryi var. sonnei

authorship: (Greene) Cronquist

Arnica sonnei

authorship: Greene

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 311 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rayless arnica
Parry arnica

value: perennial

published_in: Amer. Naturalist 8: 213

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: arnica-rydbergii

scientific: Arnica rydbergii

epithet: rydbergii

preferred: Rydberg's arnica

Arnica sulcata

authorship: Rydb.

codes: ABT BRC COL IDA MNT ORE UTA WAS WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 90 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Rydberg's arnica
subalpine arnica

partners:
Anthomyiidae
Coleoptera
Colias
Lassioglossum Dialictus
Muscidae
Phoridae
Syrphini

partners:
Aglais milberti
Boloria titania
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavidus
Bombus kirbiellus
Bombus mixtus
Chlosyne palla whitneyi
Colias meadii

published_in: Pittonia 4(20): 36


slug: arnica-sororia

scientific: Arnica sororia

epithet: sororia

published_in: Ottawa Naturalist 23: 213 (1910)

preferred: twin arnica

Arnica fulgens var. sororia

authorship: (Greene) G.W.Douglas & Ruyle-Dougl.

codes: ABT BRC CAL IDA MNT NEV ORE SAS UTA WAS WYO

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
twin arnica
Orange Arnica

partners:
Andrena pallidifovea
Bombus centralis
Bombus flavidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus mixtus
Bombus rufocinctus
Bombyliidae
Halictus ligatus

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

published_in: Ottawa Naturalist 23: 213


slug: arnica-spathulata

scientific: Arnica spathulata

epithet: spathulata

preferred: Klamath arnica

source: wikidata

Arnica spathulata subsp. eastwoodiae

authorship: (Rydb.) Maguire

Arnica spathulata subsp. genuina

authorship: Maguire

Arnica spathulata var. eastwoodiae

authorship: (Rydb.) Ediger & T.M.Barkley

codes: CAL ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnica-unalaschcensis

scientific: Arnica unalaschcensis

authorship: Less.

epithet: unalaschcensis

preferred: Alaska arnica

Arnica tschonoskyi

authorship: Iljin

codes: JAP KAM KUR ALU

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 56 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Alaska arnica
Alaskan arnica

names: Арника уналашкинская

names: ウサギギク エゾウサギギク

source: USDA PLANTS

value: Jul-Aug

authors: Less.


slug: arnica-venosa

scientific: Arnica venosa

epithet: venosa

published_in: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 174 (1915)

preferred: Shasta County arnica

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 174

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: arnica-viscosa

scientific: Arnica viscosa

epithet: viscosa

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xiii. (1878) 374.

preferred: Mt. Shasta arnica

Chrysopsis shastensis

authorship: Jeps.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mt. Shasta arnica
mount shasta arnica

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 13: 374


slug: arnoglossum-album

scientific: Arnoglossum album

genus: Arnoglossum

epithet: album

preferred: Bay County Indian plantain

Florida

code: FLA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.


slug: arnoglossum-atriplicifolium

scientific: Arnoglossum atriplicifolium

authorship: (L.) H.Rob.

epithet: atriplicifolium

preferred: pale Indian plantain

Cacalia atriplicifolia

authorship: L.

Cacalia gigantea

authorship: Nees

Cacalia paniculata

authorship: Raf.

Cacalia rotundifolia

authorship: House

Conophora atriplicifolia

authorship: (L.) Nieuwl.

Conophora similis

authorship: Nieuwl.

Mesadenia atriplicifolia

authorship: (L.) Raf.

Mesadenia similis

authorship: Small

Senecio atriplicifolius

authorship: (L.) Hook.

name: Senecio atriplicifolius var. atriplicifolius

codes: ALA ARK DEL FLA GEO ILL INI KAN KTY MRY MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL PEN SCA TEN VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Delaware

code: DEL

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maryland

code: MRY

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1948 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
pale Indian plantain
pale Indian plaintain

names:
Arnoglosse à feuilles d'arroche
Cacalie à feuilles d'arroche

partners:
Agapostemon texanus
Anoplius illinoensis
Apallates coxendix
Ashmeadiella bucconis
Bracon mellitor
Carceris robertsonii
Corticaria distinguenda
Elasmus nigripes

partners:
Ammophila kennedyi
Bombus impatiens
Eumenes fraternus
Halictus ligatus
Oxybelus emarginatus
Philanthus gibbosus
Agapostemon texanus
Ancistrocerus gazella

partners:
Euodynerus foraminatus
Augochlora pura
Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus
Bombus affinis
Ectemnius maculosus
Eumenes crucifera
Eumenes fraternus
Monobia quadridens

partners:
Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus
Eumenes fraternus
Euodynerus foraminatus
Monobia quadridens
Myzinum quinquecincta


slug: arnoglossum-floridanum

scientific: Arnoglossum floridanum

authorship: (A.Gray) H.Rob.

epithet: floridanum

preferred: Florida cacalia

Mesadenia floridana

authorship: Greene

Florida

code: FLA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 729 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Florida cacalia
Florida Indian Plantain

partners:
Hippopsis lemniscata
Megachile mendica
Philanthus ventilabris

label: Visited by

authors: (A.Gray) H.Rob.

published_in: Phytologia 28: 294

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnoglossum-ovatum

scientific: Arnoglossum ovatum

authorship: (Walter) H.Rob.

epithet: ovatum

preferred: ovateleaf cacalia

Arnoglossum ovatum var. lanceolatum

authorship: (Nutt.) D.B.Ward

Cacalia elliottii

authorship: (R.M.Harper) Shinners

Cacalia lanceolata

authorship: Nutt.

Cacalia lanceolata var. elliottii

authorship: (R.M.Harper) Kral & R.K.Godfrey

Cacalia ovata

authorship: Walter

Conophora maxima

authorship: Niewland

Mesadenia angustifolia

authorship: Rydb.

Senecio ovatus

authorship: (Walter) MacMill.

codes: ALA FLA GEO LOU MSI NCA SCA TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 769 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
ovateleaf cacalia
Indian Plantain

authors: (Walter) H.Rob.

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: arnoglossum-plantagineum

scientific: Arnoglossum plantagineum

authorship: Raf.

epithet: plantagineum

preferred: prairie Indian plantain

english:
prairie Indian plantain
groovestem Indian plantain

source: inat

Cacalia plantaginea

authorship: (Raf.) Shinners

Mesadenia plantaginea

authorship: (Raf.) Raf.

Mesadenia tuberosa

authorship: Britton

codes: ALA ARK ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB OHI OKL ONT SDA TEN TEX WIS

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Ontario

code: ONT

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2013 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
groovestem Indian plantain
arnoglossum

names:
arnoglosse plantain
cacalie tubéreuse

partners:
Cisseps fulvicollis
Eumenes fraternus
Phyciodes

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Eumenes fraternus
Papaipema circumlucens
Xylocopa virginica

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: arnoglossum-reniforme

scientific: Arnoglossum reniforme

authorship: (Hook.) H.Rob.

epithet: reniforme

preferred: great Indian plantain

Arnoglossum muehlenbergii

authorship: (Sch.Bip.) H.Rob.

Cacalia reniformis

authorship: Muhl. ex Willd.

Conophora reniformis

authorship: (Hook.) Nieuwl.

Mesadenia reniformis

authorship: (Hook.) Raf.

Senecio atriplicifolius var. reniformis

authorship: Hook.

Senecio reniformis

authorship: (Hook.) MacMill.

codes: ALA ARK DEL GEO ILL INI IOW KTY MRY MIN MSI MSO NWJ NCA OHI OKL PEN TEN VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Delaware

code: DEL

Maryland

code: MRY

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 692 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Agapostemon texanus
Anoplius virginiensis
Apallates coxendix
Brachypalpus rileyi
Bracon mellitor
Calleida punctata
Carceris robertsonii
Clytiomyia flava

partners:
Ammophila kennedyi
Ammophila nigricans
Augochlora pura
Heriades leavitti
Lasioglossum foxii
Lasioglossum pectorale
Melissodes bimaculatus
Sphex gracilis

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: arnoglossum-sulcatum

scientific: Arnoglossum sulcatum

authorship: (Fernald) H.Rob.

epithet: sulcatum

preferred: Georgia Indian plantain

Cacalia sulcata

authorship: Fernald

Mesadenia sulcata

authorship: (Fernald) Small

authorship: (Fernald) Harper

codes: ALA FLA GEO

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

authors: (Fernald) H.Rob.

published_in: Phytologia 28: 295

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arnoseris-minima

scientific: Arnoseris minima

authorship: (L.) Schweigg. & Körte

genus: Arnoseris

epithet: minima

preferred: lamb succory

Arnoseris clavata

authorship: Bubani

Arnoseris pusilla

authorship: Gaertn.

Hyoseris exigua

authorship: Salisb.

Hyoseris minima

authorship: L.

Hyoseris sprengelii

authorship: Steud.

Lapsana gracilis

authorship: Lam.

Lapsana minima

authorship: All.

Lapsana pusilla

authorship: Willd.

codes: MOR AUT BLR BGM COR CZE DEN FRA GER ITA YUG NET POL POR SAR SPA SWE SWI UKR

Morocco

code: MOR

region: Northern Africa

Austria

code: AUT

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Corse

code: COR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Spain

code: SPA

Sweden

code: SWE

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 206 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
lamb succory
Lamb's Succory

names: amarela erva-borrego-pequena

names: Арнозерис малый

names:
Lämmersalat
Kleiner Lämmersalat

names:
arnoséris naine
Arnoseris minime

names:
Chłodek drobnolistny
Chłodek drobny

names: Арнозерис дрібний

names: Арнозерис миним

names: Bymålla Fiskmålla

names:
písečnatka nejmenší
píse

names:
Grøn Gåsefod
Mangefrøet Gåsefod

names: kultamaitiainen Hentosavikka

names: Bymelde Frømelde

partners:
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens
Andrena rhenana
Colletes daviesanus
Colletes fodiens

partners:
Chromatomyia syngenesiae
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Carduelis carduelis
Carduelis citrinella

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aronia-arbutifolia

scientific: Aronia arbutifolia

authorship: (L.) Pers.

genus: Aronia

epithet: arbutifolia

family: Rosaceae

preferred: Red Chokeberry

english:
Red Chokeberry
red chokeberry

Adenorachis arbutifolia

authorship: (L.) Nieuwl.

Aronia arbutifolia f. glabra

authorship: (Elliot) Uttal

Aronia arbutifolia f. leiocalyx

authorship: Rehder

Aronia arbutifolia f. macrocarpa

authorship: Zabel

Aronia arbutifolia f. macrophylla

authorship: (Hook.) Rehder

Aronia arbutifolia var. baenitziana

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) C.K.Schneid.

Aronia arbutifolia var. depressa

authorship: (Lindl.) C.K.Schneid.

Aronia arbutifolia var. glabra

authorship: Elliott

Aronia arbutifolia var. pumila

authorship: (Schmidt) Rehder

Aronia densa

authorship: Carrière

authorship: CarriŠre

Aronia densiflora

authorship: Spach

Aronia nigra

authorship: Dippel

Aronia pyrifolia

authorship: Pers.

Crataegus densiflora

authorship: Desf. ex K.Koch

Hahnia arbutifolia

authorship: (L.) Medik.

Hahnia arbutifolia var. rubra

authorship: Medik.

Halmia tomentosa var. pyrifolia

authorship: (Pers.) M.Roem.

authorship: (Lam.) M.Roem.

Mespilus arbutifolia var. erythrocarpa

authorship: Michx.

Mespilus pumila

authorship: Schmidt

Photinia pyrifolia

authorship: (Pers.) K.R.Robertson & J.B.Phipps

Pyrus arbutifolia subsp. rubra

authorship: Ehrh.

Pyrus arbutifolia var. glabra

authorship: Cronquist

Pyrus arbutifolia var. intermedia

authorship: Lindl.

Pyrus arbutifolia var. oblongifolia

authorship: Farw.

Pyrus arbutifolia var. pumila

authorship: (Schmidt) Loudon

Pyrus densiflora

authorship: (Spach) Steud.

Pyrus pumila

authorship: J.C.Neumann ex Tausch.

Sorbus arbutifolia

authorship: (L.) Heynh.

Sorbus arbutifolia f. intermedia

authorship: Wenz.

Sorbus densiflora

authorship: (Spach) Heynh.

Sorbus depressa

authorship: (Lindl.) Heynh.

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIC MSI NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC OHI OKL ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1416 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Арония арбутусолистная

names:
Aronia à feuilles d’Arbousier
Aronie à fruits rouges

names:
llwyn aeron tagu coch
Llwyn Aeron Tagu Cochion

partners:
Apoidea
Catocala praeclara
Harkenclenus titus
Lepidoptera
Lomographa semiclarata
Satyrium liparops

partners:
Allograpta obliqua
Andrena
Andrena alleghaniensis
Andrena carlini
Andrena cressonii
Andrena dunningi
Andrena milwaukeensis
Andrena miserabilis

partners:
Andrena
Andrena milwaukeensis
Andrena miserabilis
Dialictus
Eumenes fraternus
Euodynerus bidens
Osmia cornifrons
Papilio polyxenes asterius

partners:
Balcanocerus provancheri
Agrilus vittaticollis
Balcanocerus spinosus
Bombus griseocollis
Catharus guttatus
Lagopus lagopus
Mimus polyglottos
Papilio polyxenes asterius


slug: aronia-melanocarpa

scientific: Aronia melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) Elliott

epithet: melanocarpa

published_in: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina  1: 557 (1821)

preferred: Black Chokeberry

english:
Black Chokeberry
black chokeberry

Adenorachis melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) Nieuwl.

Adenorachis nigra

authorship: (Medik.) Nieuwl.

Aronia arbutifolia var. melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) Torr.

Aronia arbutifolia var. nigra

authorship: (Willd.) F.Seym.

Aronia grandifolia

authorship: (Lindl.) Sweet

Aronia melanocarpa var. elata

authorship: Rehder

Aronia melanocarpa var. grandifolia

authorship: (Lindl.) C.K.Schneid.

Aronia nigra

authorship: Britton

authorship: (Willd.) Koehne

Aronia nigra var. decumbens

authorship: Zabel

Aronia nigra var. grandifolia

authorship: (Lindl.) Dippel

Aronia nigra var. pubescens

authorship: Dippel

Hahnia arbutifolia var. nigra

authorship: Medik.

Mespilus arbutifolia var. nigra

authorship: (Willd.) Britton

authorship: Willd.

Photinia melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) K.R.Robertson & J.B.Phipps

Pyrus angustifolia var. melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) M.J.Young

Pyrus arbutifolia subsp. nigra

authorship: (Willd.) Ehrh.

Pyrus arbutifolia var. melanocarpa

authorship: E.L.Rand & Redfield

authorship: (Michx.) Hook.

Pyrus melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) Willd.

Pyrus nigra

authorship: Sarg.

Sorbus melanocarpa

authorship: (Michx.) Heynh.

Sorbus melanocarpa var. grandifolia

authorship: (Lindl.) Rehder

Sorbus pubescens

authorship: (Dippel) Hedl.

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Brunswick

code: NBR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2005 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
llwyn aeron tagu du
Llwyn Aeron Tagu Duon

partners:
Andrena alleghaniensis
Andrena regularis
Andrena vicina
Apoidea
Bombus perplexus
Bombus sandersoni
Bombus ternarius
Coleoptera

partners:
Andrena vicina
Andrena alleghaniensis
Andrena regularis
Bombus ternarius
Colletes inaequalis
Eristalis dimidiata
Helophilus fasciatus
Melanostoma

partners:
Adalia bipunctata
Andrena carlini
Andrena vicina
Bombus bimaculatus
Cardinalis cardinalis
Drosophila suzukii
Eristalis obscura
Euodynerus leucomelas

partners:
Acleris fragariana
Ancylis nubeculana
Andrena integra
Andrena nasonii
Bombus frigidus
Cardinalis cardinalis
Choristoneura obsoletana
Dolichovespula maculata

quote: can grow to a height of 3 to 6 feet tall

quote: In spring, the white bisexual flowers form clusters that are 2 to 2 ½ inches across.

published_in: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 1(6): 557


slug: arpophyllum-giganteum

scientific: Arpophyllum giganteum

authorship: Hartw. ex Lindl.

genus: Arpophyllum

epithet: giganteum

family: Orchidaceae

Arpophyllum alpinum

authorship: Lindl.

Arpophyllum cardinale

authorship: Linden & Rchb.f.

Arpophyllum jamaicense

authorship: Schltr.

Arpophyllum squarrosum

authorship: Lubbers

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS ELS GUA HON JAM NIC VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

region: Mexico

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

region: Caribbean

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

lifeform: rhizomatous epiphyte

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: arpofilum escova-de-garrafa

authors: Hartw. ex Lindl.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: arpophyllum-laxiflorum

scientific: Arpophyllum laxiflorum

authorship: Pfitzer

epithet: laxiflorum

codes: MXC MXE MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

climate: seasonally dry tropical

authors: Pfitzer

published_in: Gartenwelt 3: 138

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arpophyllum-spicatum

scientific: Arpophyllum spicatum

authorship: Lex.

epithet: spicatum

published_in: Nov. Veg. Descr. 2(Orchid. Opusc.): 20 (1825)

codes: MXC MXE MXS BLZ COS GUA HON

authors: Lex.

published_in: Nov. Veg. Descr. [La Llave & Lexarza] 2(Orchid. Opusc.): 20


slug: arquita-mimosifolia

scientific: Arquita mimosifolia

authorship: (Griseb.) Gagnon, G.P.Lewis & C.E.Hughes

genus: Arquita

epithet: mimosifolia

family: Fabaceae

Caesalpinia mimosifolia

authorship: Griseb.

codes: AGE AGW

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

lifeform: shrub

value: shrub

value: woody

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arquita-trichocarpa

scientific: Arquita trichocarpa

epithet: trichocarpa

Caesalpinia fisheriana

authorship: Rusby

codes: AGW BOL PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

Peru

code: PER

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

authors: (Griseb.) Gagnon, G.P.Lewis & C.E.Hughes


slug: arracacia-aegopodioides

scientific: Arracacia aegopodioides

authorship: (Kunth) J.M.Coult. & Rose

genus: Arracacia

epithet: aegopodioides

family: Apiaceae

published_in: Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 1: 139 (1900)

Arracacia coulteri

authorship: (A.Gray & Harv.) Rose

Museniopsis aegopodioides

authorship: J.M.Coult. & Rose

Sison aegopodioides

authorship: Spreng.

Smyrnium aegopodioides

authorship: Kunth

Tauschia coulteri

authorship: A.Gray & Harv. ex A.Gray

codes: MXC MXE MXT MXS COS GUA HON PAN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Panamá

code: PAN

authors: J.M.Coult. & Rose

published_in: Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. i. 139


slug: arracacia-atropurpurea

scientific: Arracacia atropurpurea

authorship: Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.

epithet: atropurpurea

Arracacia humilis

authorship: Rose

Arracacia irazuensis

authorship: Kuntze

Pentacrypta atropurpurea

authorship: Lehm.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.

published_in: Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. i. 564

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arracacia-bracteata

scientific: Arracacia bracteata

epithet: bracteata

codes: MXG MXT MXS COS ELS GUA HON

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3(5): 295


slug: arracacia-nelsonii

scientific: Arracacia nelsonii

epithet: nelsonii

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS GUA

Guatemala

code: GUA

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3(5): 296


slug: arracacia-schneideri

scientific: Arracacia schneideri

authorship: Mathias & Constance

epithet: schneideri

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 151 (1942)

authors: Mathias & Constance

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 151


slug: arracacia-xanthorrhiza

scientific: Arracacia xanthorrhiza

authorship: Bancr.

epithet: xanthorrhiza

preferred: arracacha

Arracacha esculenta

authorship: DC.

Arracacia andina

authorship: Britton

Arracacia xanthorrhiza var. andina

authorship: (Britton) S.Knudsen, Sørensen & Hermann

Bancroftia xanthorrhiza

authorship: Billb.

Conium arracacha

authorship: Hook.

codes: BOL CLM ECU PER

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

names: arracacha Peruvian-carrot

names: Apio Arracacha

names: 秘鲁胡萝卜 芹薯

names: batata-baroa batata-salsa

names: Arakacha Arrakatscha

label: Pathogens

partners:
Arracacha mottle virus
Arracacha virus 1
Arracacha virus A
Arracacha virus V

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

authors: Bancr.

published_in: in Jamaic. Journ. iv. (1826) 18


slug: arrhenatherum-elatius

scientific: Arrhenatherum elatius

authorship: (L.) P.Beauv. ex J.Presl & C.Presl

genus: Arrhenatherum

epithet: elatius

family: Poaceae

preferred: False Oat-grass

english:
False Oat-grass
tall oatgrass

Arrhenatherum almijarense

authorship: Gand.

Arrhenatherum asperum

authorship: Opiz

Arrhenatherum avenaceum f. submuticum

authorship: (Gray) Peterm.

Arrhenatherum avenaceum subsp. rupestre

authorship: Dumort.

Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. aristatum

authorship: (Gray) Steud.

Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. bulbosum

authorship: (Willd.) Hartm.

Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. glaucum

authorship: Beck

Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. nodosum

authorship: Rchb.

Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. palustris

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

name: Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. pauciflorum

authorship: Peterm.

name: Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. precatorium

authorship: (Thuill.) Peterm.

name: Arrhenatherum avenaceum var. subconforme

authorship: Schur

Arrhenatherum baeticum

authorship: (Romero Zarco) Brullo, Miniss. & Spamp.

Arrhenatherum bulbosum

authorship: (Willd.) C.Presl

Arrhenatherum bulbosum f. variegatum

authorship: Hitchc.

Arrhenatherum bulbosum var. precatorium

authorship: (Thuill.) Steud.

Arrhenatherum elatius f. biaristatum

authorship: (Peterm.) Holmb.

Arrhenatherum elatius f. biflorum

authorship: (Schur) Buia

Arrhenatherum elatius f. bulbosum

authorship: (Willd.) T.Koyama

Arrhenatherum elatius f. pauciflorum

authorship: (Baen.) Buia

Arrhenatherum elatius f. petermannii

authorship: Soó

Arrhenatherum elatius f. submuticum

authorship: (Gray) Soó

Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. baeticum

authorship: Romero Zarco

name: Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. braun-blanquetii

authorship: P.Monts. & L.Villar

Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. nebrodense

authorship: (Brullo, Miniss. & Spamp.) Giardina & Raimondo

Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. nodosum

authorship: (Parl.) Arcang.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. aristatum

authorship: Gray

Arrhenatherum elatius var. biaristatum

authorship: (Peterm.) Peterm.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. brachycladum

authorship: (Reinecke ex Junge) Podp.

name: Arrhenatherum elatius var. breviaristatum

Arrhenatherum elatius var. bulbosum

authorship: (Willd.) Spenn.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. coloratum

authorship: Podp.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. flavescens

authorship: (P.Niels. ex Lange) Holmb.

name: Arrhenatherum elatius var. microstachyum

authorship: (Junge) Podp.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. nodosum

authorship: (Rchb.) C.E.Hubb.

authorship: Parl.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. palustre

authorship: Gaudin

Arrhenatherum elatius var. pauciflorum

authorship: Baen.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. precatorium

authorship: (Thuill.) Bréb.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. striatum

authorship: (F.T.Hubb.) L.B.Sm.

Arrhenatherum elatius var. subhirsutum

authorship: (Asch.) Tzvelev

authorship: (Asch.) Podp.

authorship: (Asch.) Buia

Arrhenatherum elatius var. tualatin

authorship: R.R.Gates & Harris

Arrhenatherum elatius var. tuberosum

authorship: (F.W.Schultz) Thielens

Arrhenatherum erianthum var. riofrioi

authorship: Sennen

Arrhenatherum nebrodense

authorship: Brullo, Miniss. & Spamp.

Arrhenatherum precatorium

authorship: (Thuill.) P.Beauv.

name: Arrhenatherum precatorium var. giganteum

name: Arrhenatherum rivulare var. angustifolium

name: Arrhenatherum rivulare var. zavadilianum

Arrhenatherum rupestre

authorship: (Dumort.) B.D.Jacks.

Arrhenatherum sardoum

authorship: (Em.Schmid) Brullo, Miniss. & Spamp.

Arrhenatherum tuberosum subsp. baeticum

authorship: (Romero Zarco) Rivas Mart., Fern.Gonz. & Sánchez Mata

Avena altissima

authorship: Herb. ex St.-Yves

Avena avenaceum

authorship: (Scop.) P.Beauv.

Avena bulbosa

authorship: Willd.

Avena elata

authorship: Salisb.

Avena elatior

authorship: L.

Avena elatior f. abnormis

authorship: Zapał.

Avena elatior f. biaristata

authorship: (Peterm.) Junge

Avena elatior f. brachyclada

authorship: Reinecke ex Junge

Avena elatior f. hermaphrodita

authorship: Lange

Avena elatior f. microstachya

authorship: Junge

Avena elatior f. pilifera

authorship: (Beck) Junge

Avena elatior subsp. bulbosa

authorship: (Willd.) Litard.

Avena elatior var. bulbosa

authorship: (Willd.) Savi

Avena elatior var. flavescens

authorship: P.Niels. ex Lange

Avena elatior var. mutica

authorship: Pauquy

Avena elatior var. nodosa

authorship: Bastard

Avena elatior var. pauciflora

authorship: Baen. ex Domin

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ALG AZO CNY MDR MOR CYP IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS NCS PAL TCS TKM TUR ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ICE IRE ITA KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1953 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Райграс высокий
Французский райграс

partners:
Aphantopus hyperantus
Thymelicus lineola

partners:
Megadelphax sordidula
Aeolothrips intermedius
Amara aulica
Amara communis
Amara consularis
Anthomyza gracilis
Aphantopus hyperantus
Aphelia paleana

partners:
Puccinia coronata
Blumeria graminis
Claviceps purpurea
Epichloe typhina
Puccinia brachypodii
Puccinia graminis f.sp. avenae
Urocystis avenae-elatioris
Ustilago avenae

partners:
Ustilago avenae
Claviceps purpurea
Gaeumannomyces graminis
Gibberella zeae
Globisporangium debaryanum
Lidophia graminis
Macrophomina phaseolina
Pseudoseptoria donacis

quote: Arrhenatherum elatius is an introduced, cool-season, perennial bunchgrass.

quote: Aboveground portions of the plant begin to elongate in late March, with growth increasing rapidly until early May when flowering begins.