slug: cynodon-dactylon

scientific: Cynodon dactylon

authorship: (L.) Pers.

genus: Cynodon

epithet: dactylon

preferred: Bermuda grass

english:
Bermuda grass
Bermudagrass

Agrostis bermudiana

authorship: Tussac ex Kunth

Agrostis filiformis

authorship: J.Koenig ex Kunth

Agrostis linearis

authorship: Retz.

Agrostis stellata

authorship: Willd.

Capriola dactylon

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Capriola dactylon var. maritima

authorship: (Kunth) Hitchc.

Chloris cynodon

authorship: Trin.

Chloris paytensis

authorship: Steud.

Cynodon affinis

authorship: Caro & E.A.Sánchez

Cynodon barberi f. longifolia

authorship: Join

Cynodon dactylon f. glabrescens

authorship: (Beck) Soó

Cynodon dactylon f. villosus

authorship: (Regel) Roshev.

Cynodon dactylon f. viviparus

authorship: Beetle

Cynodon dactylon subsp. glabratus

authorship: (Steud.) A.Chev.

Cynodon dactylon subsp. nipponicus

authorship: (Ohwi) T.Koyama

Cynodon dactylon subvar. hirsutissimus

authorship: Litard. & Maire

Cynodon dactylon var. affinis

authorship: (Caro & E.A.Sánchez) Romero Zarco

Cynodon dactylon var. aridus

authorship: J.R.Harlan & de Wet

Cynodon dactylon var. biflorus

authorship: Merino

Cynodon dactylon var. densus

authorship: Hurcombe

Cynodon dactylon var. elegans

authorship: Rendle

Cynodon dactylon var. glabratus

authorship: (Steud.) Chiov.

Cynodon dactylon var. hirsutissimus

authorship: (Litard. & Maire) Maire

Cynodon dactylon var. maritimus

authorship: (Kunth) Hack.

Cynodon dactylon var. nipponicus

authorship: Ohwi

Cynodon dactylon var. parviglumis

authorship: (Ohwi) Fosberg & Sachet

Cynodon dactylon var. polevansii

authorship: (Stent) J.R.Harlan & de Wet

Cynodon dactylon var. pulchellus

authorship: Benth.

Cynodon dactylon var. sarmentosus

authorship: Pers.

authorship: Parodi

Cynodon dactylon var. septentrionalis

authorship: (Asch. & Graebn.) Ravarut

Cynodon dactylon var. stellatus

authorship: (Willd.) T.Durand & Schinz

Cynodon dactylon var. villosus

authorship: Grossh.

authorship: Regel

Cynodon hirsutissimus

authorship: (Litard. & Maire) Caro & E.A.Sánchez

Cynodon iraquensis

authorship: Caro

Cynodon linearis

authorship: (Retz.) Willd.

Cynodon maritimus

authorship: Kunth

Cynodon occidentalis

authorship: Willd. ex Steud.

Cynodon polevansii

authorship: Stent

Cynodon repens

authorship: Dulac

Cynodon sarmentosus

authorship: Gray

Cynodon stellatus

authorship: (Willd.) Willd.

Cynodon umbellatus

authorship: (Lam.) Caro

Cynosurus uniflorus

authorship: Walter

Dactilon officinale

authorship: Vill.

Dactylus officinalis

authorship: Asch.

Digitaria ambigua

authorship: (Lapeyr. ex DC.) Mérat

Digitaria dactylon

authorship: (L.) Scop.

Digitaria glumaepatula

authorship: (Steud.) Miq.

Digitaria littoralis

authorship: Salisb.

Digitaria maritima

authorship: (Kunth) Spreng.

Digitaria stolonifera

authorship: Schrad.

Fibichia dactylon

authorship: (L.) Beck

Fibichia umbellata

authorship: Koeler

Fibichia umbellata f. glabrescens

authorship: Beck

Fibichia umbellata var. biflora

authorship: (Merr.) Beck

Milium dactylon

authorship: (L.) Moench

Panicum ambiguum

authorship: Le Turq.

codes: ALD ALG ANG AZO BEN BOT BKN BUR CMN CNY CPP CVI CPV CAF CHA CON ZAI DJI EGY EQG ERI SWZ ETH OFS GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN NAT LES LBR LBY MDG MDR MLW MLI MTN MAU MOR MOZ MCI NAM NGR NGA TVL ROD RWA REU SEN SEY SIE SOC SOM SUD TAN TOG TUN UGA WSA ZAM ZIM AFG CHN CHC CHS CYP EAI GST CHH IRN IRQ JAP KAZ KGZ KOR KUW LBS NNS NCS OGA OMA PAL SAU SIN TZK TAI TCS TKM TUR UZB YEM AND ASS BAN BIS BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LDV LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PAK PHI SOL SCS SRL SUM THA VIE WHM NSW NTA QLD SOA TAS VIC WAU ALB AUT BAL BUL RUC COR CZE FRA GRB GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWI TUE UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2088 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: அறுகம்புல் அறுகு

partners:
Apis mellifera
Brephidium exilis
Lipotriches clavata

partners:
Cotinis nitida
Curtara insularis
Esperanza texana
Euptoieta claudia
Nostoc commune
Odocoileus virginianus
Oebalus pugnax
Prosapia bicincta

partners:
Aconurella prolixa
Chiasmus conspurcatus
Falcotoya minuscula
Maiestas schmidtgeni
Aepyceros melampus
Alopochen aegyptiaca
Anatidae
Anser anser

partners:
Achalcerinys lindus
Aenasius arizonensis
Anagrus flaveolus
Anagrus nigriventris
Anagyrus
Anagyrus kilinceri
Anagyrus shahidi
Anagyrus thailandicus

partners:
Bipolaris cynodontis
Cochliobolus geniculatus
Curvularia spicifera
Ophiosphaerella korrae
Puccinia cynodontis
Waitea circinata
Agaricus
Agraricales

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

quote: Bermudagrass, is of probable Asian origin and was documented as an important grass in the United States by l807.

quote: Stems are leafy, branched, and 4 to 6 inches tall. Under favorable conditions, stems may be 12 to 18 inches high.

quote: It is a long-lived, warm season perennial that spreads by rhizomes, stolons, and seed.


slug: cynodon-nlemfuensis

scientific: Cynodon nlemfuensis

authorship: Vanderyst

epithet: nlemfuensis

family: Poaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 13: 342 (1922)

preferred: African Bermudagrass

source: wikidata

Cynodon parodii

authorship: Caro & E.A.Sánchez

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ANG BOT BUR CHA ZAI ETH KEN MLW MOZ RWA SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

continent: AFRICA

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Rwanda

code: RWA

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: perennial

climate: seasonally dry tropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 182 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
African Bermudagrass
African Bermuda grass

names: 長穎星草 长颖星草

names: Capim-estrela-roxa Grama-estrela-roxa

names: アフリカギョウギシバ オニギョウギシバ

names:
Reusekweekgras
Oos-Afrikaanse kweek

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Aeneolamia contigua
Neotrichodectes semistriatus
Prosapia tilaranensis
Rallicola hirsuta
Tragelaphus scriptus

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: graminoid

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: herb

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: cynodontium-erosum

scientific: Cynodontium erosum

authorship: (Hampe ex Müll.Hal.) Fedosov, Jan Kučera & M.Stech

genus: Cynodontium

epithet: erosum

family: Rhabdoweisiaceae

Anacalypta cucullata

authorship: Hampe

Cynodontium lechleri

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Fedosov, Jan Kučera & M.Stech

Dicranoweisia bogotensis

authorship: (Hampe) Kindb.

Hyophila erosa

authorship: Sim

Oreoweisia ampliata

authorship: Mitt.

Oreoweisia auridens

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Kindb.

Oreoweisia auridens var. robusta

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Paris

Oreoweisia bogotensis

authorship: (Hampe) Mitt.

Oreoweisia erosa

authorship: (Hampe ex Müll.Hal.) Kindb.

Pottia cucullata

authorship: (Hampe) A.Jaeger

Weissia erosa

authorship: Hampe ex Müll.Hal.

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: cynodontium-polycarpon

scientific: Cynodontium polycarpon

authorship: (Hedw.) Schimp.

epithet: polycarpon

published_in: Coroll. Bryol. Eur.: 12. 1856.

preferred: cynodontium moss

source: usda

Bryum polyphyllum

authorship: With.

name: Cynodontium gracilescens var. polycarpon

authorship: (Hedw.) Lindb.

Cynodontium polycarpon var. alaskanum

authorship: Cardot & Thér.

Cynodontium polycarpon var. arcuatum

authorship: (Boulay) Grav.

Dicranum polycarpon

authorship: (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr

Dicranum polycarpon var. arcuatum

authorship: Boulay

Dicranum polycarpon var. atratum

authorship: (Brid. ex Hedw.) Brid.

Didymodon polycarpos

authorship: (Hedw.) Mitt.

Diobelon polycarpon

authorship: (Hedw.) Hampe

Fissidens polycarpos

authorship: Hedw.

Fissidens polycarpos var. atratus

authorship: Brid. ex Hedw.

Oncophorus polycarpos

authorship: (Hedw.) Brid.

Oncophorus polycarpos var. laevigatus

authorship: Brid.

Trichostomum polycarpum

authorship: (Hedw.) P.Beauv. ex Wijk, Margad. & Florsch.

names:
Many-fruited Dog-tooth
cynodontium moss

names:
crétinette féconde
cynodonte dressé

value: nonvascular

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

note: common name, checklist symbol CYPO8

license: public domain


slug: cynoglossum-alpestre

scientific: Cynoglossum alpestre

authorship: Ohwi

genus: Cynoglossum

epithet: alpestre

family: Boraginaceae

published_in: Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2: 150 (1933)

Taiwan

code: TAI

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Eastern Asia

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 62 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 高山倒提壺 高山倒提壶

authors: Ohwi

published_in: Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2(3): 150

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynoglossum-amabile

scientific: Cynoglossum amabile

authorship: Stapf & J.R.Drumm.

epithet: amabile

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906: 202 (1906)

preferred: Chinese hound's tongue

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CHN CHC CHT EHM NEP THA

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

Tibet

code: CHT

East Himalaya

code: EHM

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Nepal

code: NEP

Thailand

code: THA

region: Indo-China

lifeform: annual or biennial

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 908 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Chinese hound's tongue
Chinese Hound's-tongue

names: Azulejo Nomeolvides

names: 倒提壶 狗屎花根

names: Чернокорень приятный

names: Chinesische Hundszunge, Chinesisches Vergissmeinnicht

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Lasioglossum
Lycaenidae
Andrena sp.
Anthomyiidae
Anthophora
Apis cerana
Apis mellifera
Bathanthidium rubopunctatum

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Lasioglossum
Lycaenidae
Andrena
Anthidium manicatum
Anthomyiidae
Anthophora
Apis cerana
Apis mellifera

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Ancistrocerus bustamente
Bombus huntii

partners:
Allograpta
Allograpta exotica
Allograpta obliqua
Ancistrocerus bustamente
Anthidium manicatum
Apis mellifera
Archytas analis
Bombus melanopygus

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

label: Life form

value: therophyte

label: Height

category: Size

value: 1 m

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: biennial

value: perennial

authors: Stapf & J.R.Drumm.


slug: cynoglossum-australe

scientific: Cynoglossum australe

epithet: australe

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 495 (1810)

Cynoglossum drummondii

authorship: Benth.

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA TAS VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 493 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

value: annual

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 495


slug: cynoglossum-austroafricanum

scientific: Cynoglossum austroafricanum

authorship: Hilliard & B.L.Burtt

epithet: austroafricanum

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 43: 347 (1986)

Cynoglossum hirsutissimum

authorship: Lehm.

codes: CPP SWZ OFS NAT LES TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

lifeform: annual or perennial

names:
Drakensberg Forget-me-not
Drakensberg Hounds Tongue

authors: Hilliard & B.L.Burtt

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 43(3): 347

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynoglossum-clandestinum

scientific: Cynoglossum clandestinum

authorship: Desf.

epithet: clandestinum

Cynoglossum fulvum

authorship: Rudolphi

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN POR SAR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Portugal

code: POR

continent: EUROPE

region: Southwestern Europe

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

region: Southeastern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 232 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anthophora plumipes
Apis mellifera
Bombus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus hypnorum
Bombus insularis
Bombus jonellus

partners:
Longitarsus anchusae
Longitarsus quadriguttatus
Mogulones asperifoliarum

partners:
Golovinomyces cynoglossi
Miscogaster rufipes

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Desf.


slug: cynoglossum-columnae

scientific: Cynoglossum columnae

authorship: Biv.

epithet: columnae

published_in: Fl. Napol. 1: XIV (1811)

Rindera columnae

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: EAI TUR ALB GRC ITA KRI YUG SIC

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 88 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Biv.

published_in: Stirp. Rar. Sicil. Manip. ii. [7]

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynoglossum-creticum

scientific: Cynoglossum creticum

authorship: Mill.

epithet: creticum

preferred: blue hound's tongue

Cynoglossum amplexicaule

authorship: Lam.

Cynoglossum atlanticum

authorship: Murb.

Cynoglossum creticum var. doumerguei

authorship: Sennen & Mauricio

Cynoglossum molle

authorship: Phil.

Cynoglossum pallidiflorum

authorship: Grecescu

Cynoglossum pictum

authorship: Aiton

Cynoglossum siculum

authorship: Guss.

codes: ALG AZO CNY MDR MOR TUN CYP EAI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS NCS PAL TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR ROM SAR SIC SPA TUE UKR

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Madeira

code: MDR

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Palestine

code: PAL

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Baleares

code: BAL

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2028 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Чернокорень критский

names:
Kretische Hundszunge
geaderte Hundszunge

names: Cynoglosse de Crète, Cynoglosse peinte, Cynoglosse rayée

names: לשון-כלב כרתית

names: Κυνόγλωσσο το κρητικό

partners:
Megachile
Anthophora dispar
Bombylius discolor
Chrysoperla carnea
Lasioglossum albocinctum
Lasioglossum interruptum
Lasioglossum majus
Lasioglossum nitidiusculum

partners:
Bombylius medius
Andrena rotundilabris
Anthophora crinipes
Anthophora dispar
Apis mellifera
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pratorum
Ceratina cucurbitina

partners:
Aellopus atratus
Agromyza abiens
Agromyza myosotidis
Aphis fabae
Arctia testudinaria
Bombylius major
Brachycaudus cardui
Brachycaudus helichrysi


slug: cynoglossum-divaricatum

scientific: Cynoglossum divaricatum

authorship: Steph. ex Lehm.

epithet: divaricatum

published_in: Pl. Asperif. Nucif. : 161 (1818)

codes: ALT BRY CHN CTA CHI KAZ CHM MON CHX

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 大果琉璃草 琉璃草子

names: Чернокорень растопыренный

names: Дэрвэгэр чонынхэл

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Jun-Jul

authors: Steph. ex Lehm.

published_in: Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 1: 161


slug: cynoglossum-germanicum

scientific: Cynoglossum germanicum

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: germanicum

name: Cynoglossum germanicum subsp. pellucidum

authorship: (Lapeyr.) Sutorý

Cynoglossum germanicum subsp. rotundum

authorship: Sutorý

Cynoglossum haenkei

authorship: Schult.

Cynoglossum pellucidum

authorship: Lapeyr.

Cynoglossum rotundum

authorship: (Sutorý) Landolt

Cynoglossum sylvaticum

authorship: Haenke

codes: NCS TUR ALB AUT BGM CZE FRA GER GRB KRY YUG ROM RUS SPA UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Krym

code: KRY

region: Eastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Spain

code: SPA

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 115 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Green Hound's Tongue
Green Hound's-Tongue

names: Чернокорень германский

names: Cynoglosse d'Allemagne, Herbe d'Antal, Cynoglosse des montagnes

names:
Tafod y Bytheiad Gwyrdd-Ddail
Tafod-y-Bytheiad Gwyrdd-Ddail

partners:
Anthophora dispar
Chrysoperla carnea
Lasioglossum albocinctum
Lasioglossum interruptum
Lasioglossum majus
Lasioglossum nitidiusculum
Lasioglossum podolicum
Lasioglossum pygmaeum

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Aellopus atratus
Agromyza abiens
Agromyza myosotidis
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: cynoglossum-hispidum

scientific: Cynoglossum hispidum

authorship: Thunb.

epithet: hispidum

Cynoglossum enerve

authorship: Turcz.

Echinospermum enerve

authorship: E.Mey. ex DC.

codes: CPP SWZ OFS NAT LES TVL ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

region: South Tropical Africa

names:
Hound's Tongue
Magenta Hounds Tongue

names: beestongblaar knoppiesklits

authors: Thunb.

published_in: Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 34


slug: cynoglossum-lanceolatum

scientific: Cynoglossum lanceolatum

authorship: Forssk.

epithet: lanceolatum

Cynoglossum abyssinicum

authorship: Hochst. ex Engl.

Cynoglossum canescens

authorship: Willd.

Cynoglossum formosanum

authorship: Nakai

Cynoglossum formosanum f. albiflorum

authorship: Masam.

Cynoglossum hispidum

authorship: Jacq. ex Roem. & Schult.

Cynoglossum lanceolatum f. albiflorum

authorship: (Masam.) Yonek.

Cynoglossum micranthum

authorship: Desf.

authorship: Poir.

Cynoglossum platyphyllum

authorship: Klotzsch

Cynoglossum racemosum

authorship: Roxb.

Cynoglossum vesiculosum

authorship: Wall. ex G.Don

Echinospermum paniculatum

authorship: E.Mey. ex A.DC.

Paracynoglossum lanceolatum

authorship: (Forssk.) R.R.Mill

codes: ANG BEN BUR CMN CPP CAF COM CON ZAI SWZ ETH OFS GHA GUI GGI IVO KEN NAT LES LBR MDG MLW MAU MOZ NGA TVL RWA REU SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP NNS SAU TAI YEM ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO MLY MYA NEP PAK PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Comoros

code: COM

region: Western Indian Ocean

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

Mauritius

code: MAU

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 163 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Ethmia acontias
Euchrysops crawshayi
Graphium agamemnon
Homaloxestis xylotripta
Ypthima baldus


slug: cynoglossum-magellense

scientific: Cynoglossum magellense

authorship: Ten.

epithet: magellense

Rindera magellensis

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 156 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Ten.


slug: cynoglossum-maghrebicum

scientific: Cynoglossum maghrebicum

authorship: Sutorý

epithet: maghrebicum

Morocco

code: MOR

region: Northern Africa

authors: Sutorý

published_in: Edinburgh J. Bot. 73(3): 272

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynoglossum-montanum

scientific: Cynoglossum montanum

authorship: L.

epithet: montanum

published_in: Demonstr. Pl. : 5 (1753)

Cynoglossum hungaricum

authorship: Simonk.

Cynoglossum montanum var. asiaticum

authorship: Brand

Cynoglossum rotatum

authorship: Velen.

Cynoglossum teheranicum

authorship: Riedl

Cynoglossum virens

authorship: Schreb.

codes: IRN NCS TCS TUR ALB BUL FRA GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG SAR SIC SPA TUE UKR

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Krym

code: KRY

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 179 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
/
Cynoglosse des montagnes

partners:
Aricia crassipuncta bassoni
Kretania nichollae

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynoglossum-officinale

scientific: Cynoglossum officinale

epithet: officinale

preferred: hound's-tongue

english: hound's-tongue gypsyflower

source: inat

Cynoglossum album

authorship: Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.

Cynoglossum bicolor

authorship: Willd.

Cynoglossum foetens

authorship: Gilib.

Cynoglossum hybridum

authorship: Thuill.

Cynoglossum paucisetum

authorship: Borbás

Cynoglossum ruderale

authorship: Salisb.

codes: ALT IRN IRK KAZ KGZ KRA NCS TCS TUR WSB ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FRA GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRY YUG NET RUN RUW POL ROM RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

North Caucasus

region: Caucasus

West Siberia

code: WSB

Austria

code: AUT

Baltic States

code: BLT

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Corse

code: COR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

East European Russia

code: RUE

Great Britain

code: GRB

Ireland

code: IRE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1980 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Echte Hundszunge
Gebraeuchliche Hundszunge

names:
cynoglosse officinale
Cynoglosse officinal

partners:
Bombus terrestris
Agapostemon texanus
Anoplodera pubera
Anthocomus erichsoni
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora plumipes
Anthrenus museorum
Apallates coxendix

partners:
Osmia
Bombus centralis
Anthophora plumipes
Apis mellifera
Bombus caliginosus
Bombus huntii
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus rufocinctus

partners:
Asiraca clavicornis
Fieberiella
Misumena vatia

partners:
Chloris chloris
Mogulones crucifer
Tyria jacobaeae
Acanthis flammea
Aellopus atratus
Agromyza abiens
Agromyza myosotidis
Alauda arvensis

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: cynoglossum-pustulatum

scientific: Cynoglossum pustulatum

authorship: Boiss.

epithet: pustulatum

Cynoglossum castrilense

authorship: Pau

authorship: (Dalla Torre & Harms) Pau

name: Cynoglossum nebrodense subsp. pustulatum

authorship: (Boiss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Cynoglossum officinale var. parvifolium

authorship: Vis.

Cynoglossum parvifolium

authorship: (Vis.) Degen

Cynoglossum velebiticum

authorship: Borbás ex K.Malý

codes: ALB FRA GRC ITA YUG SPA

Albania

code: ALB

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Spain

code: SPA

names: Cynoglosse pustuleuse, Cynoglosse à pustules

authors: Boiss.

published_in: Elench. Pl. Nov. 66

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynoglossum-zeylanicum

scientific: Cynoglossum zeylanicum

authorship: (Sw. ex Lehm.) Thunb. ex Brand

epithet: zeylanicum

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 546 (1915)

preferred: Ceylon hound's tongue

Anchusa zeylanica

authorship: Vahl ex Hornem.

Cynoglossum coeruleum

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don

name: Cynoglossum denticulatum var. zeylanicum

authorship: (Sw. ex Lehm.) C.B.Clarke

Cynoglossum furcatum

authorship: Wall.

Cynoglossum furcatum f. albiflorum

authorship: (H.Hara) Yonek.

Cynoglossum furcatum var. villosulum

authorship: (Nakai) Riedl

Cynoglossum imeretinum

authorship: Kusn.

Cynoglossum ovatum

authorship: Moon

Cynoglossum villosulum

authorship: Nakai

Cynoglossum zeylanicum

authorship: Thunb. ex Lehm.

Echinospermum zeylanicum

authorship: (Sw. ex Lehm.) Lehm.

Myosotis zeylanica

authorship: Sw. ex Lehm.

Paracynoglossum imeretinum

authorship: (Kusn.) Popov

Rochelia zeylanica

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

codes: AFG CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KOR TAI CHT ASS BAN EHM IND JAW MLY MYA NEP PAK PHI SRL THA VIE WHM

Afghanistan

code: AFG

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 524 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Ceylon hound's tongue
Indian hound's tongue

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13(no. 381-382): 546


slug: cynoglottis-barrelieri

scientific: Cynoglottis barrelieri

authorship: (All.) Vural & Kit Tan

genus: Cynoglottis

epithet: barrelieri

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 71 (1983)

preferred: Barrelier's bugloss

Anchusa barrelieri

authorship: (All.) Vitman

Anchusa barrelieri subsp. longisepala

authorship: (T.Georgiev & Kitan.) Kožuharov

Anchusa barrelieri var. longisepala

authorship: T.Georgiev & Kitan.

Anchusa coronensis

authorship: Schur

Anchusa obtusa

authorship: (Waldst. & Kit.) Schloss. & Vuk.

Anchusa phocidica

authorship: Gustavsson

Buglossum barrellieri

authorship: All.

Cynoglottis barrelieri subsp. phocidica

authorship: (Gustavsson) Greuter & Burdet

Cynoglottis phocidica

authorship: (Gustavsson) Holub

Cynoglottis serpentinicola

authorship: (Rech.f.) Holub

Myosotis obtusa

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

codes: LBS TUR ALB BUL GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG ROM

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

region: Middle Europe

Italy

code: ITA

Krym

code: KRY

region: Eastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 283 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Barrelier's bugloss
False Alkanet

names: Cynoglottide de Barrelier, Buglosse de Barrelier

names: Cynoglottide de Barrelier, Cynoglottis de Barrelier, Buglosse de Barrelier

names:
kotunga
turkisk oxtunga

names: rastio tarharastio

names:
coeg lysiau‘r-gwrid
Coeg Lysiau'r-Gwrid

partners:
Bombus pratorum
Callophrys rubi
Eumedonia eumedon
Glaucopsyche alexis
Pontia edusa

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(1): 71


slug: cynometra-iripa

scientific: Cynometra iripa

authorship: Kostel.

genus: Cynometra

epithet: iripa

family: Fabaceae

preferred: wrinkle-pod mangrove

Cynometra bijuga var. mimosoides

authorship: Merr.

Cynometra mimosoides

authorship: (Baker) Wall. ex Prain

Cynometra ramiflora

authorship: sensu Britton, non L.

Cynometra ramiflora var. mimosoides

authorship: Baker

codes: AND BAN CBD IND JAW MLY MYA NWG NCB PHI SOL SRL THA VIE NTA QLD MRN NWC

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

Northern Territory

code: NTA

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

Marianas

code: MRN

continent: PACIFIC

region: Northwestern Pacific

New Caledonia

code: NWC

region: Southwestern Pacific

lifeform: shrub or tree

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
wrinkle-pod mangrove
wrinkle pod mangrove

names: Attukaddupulli Kadumpuli

value: tree

value: woody

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynometra-ramiflora

scientific: Cynometra ramiflora

authorship: L.

epithet: ramiflora

preferred: Wrinkle Pod Mangrove

english:
Wrinkle Pod Mangrove
cynometra

source: wikidata

Cymorium sylvestre

authorship: Rumph.

Cynometra bijuga

authorship: Span.

authorship: Span. ex Miq.

Cynometra carolinensis

authorship: Kaneh.

Cynometra neo-caladonica

authorship: Guill.

Cynometra neocaledonica

authorship: Guillaumin

Cynometra polyandra

authorship: sensu Miq., non Roxb.

Cynometra ramiflora subsp. bijuga

authorship: (Span. ex Miq.) Prain

Cynometra ramiflora subsp. genuina

authorship: Prain

Cynometra ramiflora var. bijuga

authorship: (Span. ex Miq.) Benth.

Cynometra ramiflora var. heterophylla

authorship: Thwaites

Cynometra ramiflora var. mimosoides

authorship: Wall.

Cynometra schumannia

authorship: Harms

Cynometra whitfordii

authorship: Elmer

Maniltoa carolinensis

authorship: (Kaneh.) Hosok.

Trachylobium verrucosum

authorship: sensu Engl., non Gaertn.

codes: AND BAN BIS BOR CBD XMS IND JAW LSI MLY MYA NWG NCB PHI SOL SRL SUL SUM THA QLD CRL MRN NWC VAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

Borneo

code: BOR

Christmas I.

code: XMS

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Caroline Is.

code: CRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 79 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Nasalis larvatus
Pteropus mariannus
Xenochroa costiplaga


slug: cynomorium-coccineum

scientific: Cynomorium coccineum

authorship: L.

genus: Cynomorium

epithet: coccineum

family: Cynomoriaceae

preferred: Red Thumb

Cynomorium purpureum

authorship: Rupr.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ALG CNY EGY LBY MTN MOR SOM TUN WSA AFG ALT CHN GST CHI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS MON PAL CHQ SAU SIN TZK TKM UZB CHX BAL COR ITA POR SAR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

Mauritania

code: MTN

region: West Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Somalia

code: SOM

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Tunisia

code: TUN

Western Sahara

code: WSA

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

China North-Central

code: CHN

Gulf States

code: GST

region: Arabian Peninsula

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Palestine

code: PAL

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Sinai

code: SIN

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 573 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Циноморий багряный

partners:
Atriplex glauca
Atriplex portulacoides
Suaeda vera


slug: cynorhiza-meifolia

scientific: Cynorhiza meifolia

authorship: (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Magee

genus: Cynorhiza

epithet: meifolia

family: Apiaceae

Elaeochytris meifolia

authorship: (Fenzl) Fenzl

Ferula meifolia

authorship: Eckl. & Zeyh.

Peucedanum millefolium

authorship: Sond.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

authors: (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Magee


slug: cynorhiza-typica

scientific: Cynorhiza typica

epithet: typica

published_in: Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. : 352 (1837)

Cynorrhiza olifantiana

authorship: Koso-Pol.

Peucedanum olifantianum

authorship: (Koso-Pol.) M.Hiroe

Peucedanum typicum

authorship: (Eckl. & Zeyh.) B.L.Burtt

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: bierwortel gatagaai

authors: Eckl. & Zeyh.

published_in: Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 3: 352


slug: cynorkis-cinnabarina

scientific: Cynorkis cinnabarina

authorship: (Rolfe) Hermans & P.J.Cribb

genus: Cynorkis

epithet: cinnabarina

family: Orchidaceae

Benthamia cinnabarina

authorship: (Rolfe) H.Perrier

Cynorkis laeta

authorship: Schltr.

Cynorkis laeta var. angavoensis

authorship: H.Perrier ex Hermans

Habenaria cinnabarina

authorship: Rolfe

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

value: geophyte

authors: (Rolfe) Hermans & P.J.Cribb

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynorkis-fastigiata

scientific: Cynorkis fastigiata

authorship: Thouars

epithet: fastigiata

Cynorkis cordemoyi

authorship: Frapp. ex Cordem.

Cynorkis fastigiata var. decolorata

authorship: (Schltr.) H.Perrier

Cynorkis fastigiata var. triphylla

authorship: (Thouars) S.Moore

Cynorkis obcordata

authorship: (Willemet) Schltr.

Cynorkis seychellarum

authorship: Aver.

Gymnadenia fastigiata

authorship: (Thouars) A.Rich.

Orchis fastigiata

authorship: (Thouars) Spreng.

Orchis mauritiana

authorship: Sieber ex Steud.

Orchis obcordata

authorship: Willemet

codes: COM MDG MAU REU SEY

Comoros

code: COM

Mauritius

code: MAU

Réunion

code: REU

Seychelles

code: SEY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 193 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Thouars

published_in: Hist. Orchid. t. 13

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynorkis-flexuosa

scientific: Cynorkis flexuosa

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: flexuosa

Gymnadenia lyallii

authorship: Steud.

codes: COM MDG

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 331

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynorkis-lilacina

scientific: Cynorkis lilacina

authorship: Ridl.

epithet: lilacina

Bicornella lilacina

authorship: (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras

Bicornella pulchra

authorship: Kraenzl. ex Schltr.

name: Cynorkis andringitrana subsp. curvicalcar

Cynorkis boiviniana

authorship: Kraenzl.

Cynorkis calcaripotens

authorship: (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.

Cynorkis lilacina var. boiviniana

authorship: (Kraenzl.) H.Perrier

Cynorkis pulchra

authorship: (Kraenzl. ex Schltr.) Schltr.

Forsythmajoria pulchra

authorship: (Kraenzl. ex Schltr.) Kraenzl. ex Schltr.

codes: COM MDG REU

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

authors: Ridl.

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 515

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: cynorkis-lowiana

scientific: Cynorkis lowiana

epithet: lowiana

Lowiorchis lowiana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Szlach.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 89 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynorkis-peyrotii

scientific: Cynorkis peyrotii

authorship: Bosser

epithet: peyrotii

codes: MDG REU

lifeform: tuberous epiphyte

authors: Bosser

published_in: Adansonia sér. 2, 9: 353

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: cynorkis-purpurea

scientific: Cynorkis purpurea

authorship: (Thouars) Kraenzl.

epithet: purpurea

Habenaria purpurea

authorship: Thouars

Imerinorchis purpurea

authorship: (Thouars) Szlach.

Peristylus purpureus

authorship: (Thouars) S.Moore

authors: Kraenzl.

published_in: Orchid. Gen. Sp. i. 482


slug: cynorkis-ridleyi

scientific: Cynorkis ridleyi

authorship: T.Durand & Schinz

epithet: ridleyi

Amphorkis variegata var. digitata

authorship: Cordem.

Bicornella ridleyi

authorship: (T.Durand & Schinz) Szlach. & Kras

Cynorkis rhomboglossa

authorship: Schltr.

Cynosorchis variegata

authorship: (Frapp.) Schltr.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 153 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: T.Durand & Schinz

published_in: Consp. Fl. Afr. [T.A. Durand & H. Schinz] 5: 92

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynorkis-uniflora

scientific: Cynorkis uniflora

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: uniflora

Cynorkis grandiflora

authorship: Ridl.

Gymnadenia uniflora

authorship: Steud.


slug: cynosciadium-digitatum

scientific: Cynosciadium digitatum

authorship: DC.

genus: Cynosciadium

epithet: digitatum

preferred: finger dogshade

Oenanthe digitata

authorship: Nutt. ex DC.

codes: ALA ARK ILL LOU MSI MSO OKL TEN TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 123 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: DC.

published_in: Coll. Mém. v. 44

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynosurus-coloratus

scientific: Cynosurus coloratus

authorship: Lehm. ex Steud.

genus: Cynosurus

epithet: coloratus

published_in: Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. : 439 (1841)

Cynosurus callitrichus

authorship: Barbey

Cynosurus coloratus f. nanus

authorship: Trotter

Falona callitricha

authorship: (Barb.-Boiss. & Barbey) V.Jirásek & Chrtek

authors: Lehm. ex Steud.

published_in: Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2 i. 465

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: cynosurus-cristatus

scientific: Cynosurus cristatus

authorship: L.

epithet: cristatus

preferred: Crested dogstail grass

english:
Crested dogstail grass
crested dogstail grass

Cynosurus cristatus f. pratensis

authorship: (Opiz) Soó

Cynosurus cristatus f. tenuissimus

authorship: (Schur) Morariu

Cynosurus cristatus var. ciliatus

authorship: Guss.

Cynosurus cristatus var. coloratus

authorship: Rohlena

Cynosurus cristatus var. foliosus

authorship: Bolzon

Cynosurus cristatus var. giganteus

authorship: Mutel

Cynosurus cristatus var. ovatus

authorship: Asch. & Graebn.

Cynosurus cristatus var. tenuissimus

authorship: Schur

Cynosurus cristatus var. tetragonus

authorship: Gray

Cynosurus cristatus var. viviparus

authorship: Koeler

Cynosurus neglectus

authorship: Opiz

Cynosurus spiralis

authorship: Lojac.

Phleum cristatum

authorship: (L.) Scop.

codes: AZO IRN NCS TCS TUR ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRI KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Azores

code: AZO

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Corse

code: COR

region: Southwestern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Ireland

code: IRE

Italy

code: ITA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1995 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Crested dogstail grass
Crested Dog's-Tail

names: Гребенник обыкновенный

names: Гребінниця звичайна

partners:
Cerodontha denticornis
Pegoplata aestiva

partners:
Cerodontha denticornis
Chrysotus
Delia
Hydrellia
Pegoplata aestiva

partners:
Aeolothrips intermedius
Agriotes sputator
Agrypnus murinus
Amara aulica
Amara communis
Amara consularis
Amara equestris
Amara lunicollis

partners:
Blumeria graminis
Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola


slug: cynosurus-echinatus

scientific: Cynosurus echinatus

epithet: echinatus

preferred: bristly dogtail grass

english:
bristly dogtail grass
Bristly dogstail grass
bristly dogstail grass

Chrysurus echinatus

authorship: (L.) P.Beauv.

Chrysurus echinatus var. purpurascens

authorship: Ten.

Cynosurus castagnei

authorship: Jord. ex Martrin-Donos

Cynosurus echinatus subsp. hystrix

authorship: (Pomel) Trab.

Cynosurus echinatus subsp. purpurascens

authorship: (Ten.) Arcang.

Cynosurus echinatus var. diklicii

authorship: Gajic

Cynosurus echinatus var. erroneus

authorship: (Jord. ex Martrin-Donos) Gaut.

Cynosurus echinatus var. giganteus

authorship: (Ten.) Mutel

Cynosurus echinatus var. hystrix

authorship: (Pomel) Maire

Cynosurus echinatus var. tangerinus

authorship: Pau

Cynosurus echinatus var. thracicus

authorship: Podp.

Cynosurus giganteus

authorship: Nyman

Cynosurus hystrix

authorship: Pomel

Cynosurus pygmaeus

authorship: Porta

Falona echinata

authorship: (L.) Dumort.

Phalona castagnei

authorship: Fourr.

codes: ALG AZO CNY EGY MDR MOR SEL TUN CYP EAI IRN IRQ LBS NCS PAL SAU TCS TKM TUR WHM ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR ROM SAR SIC SPA SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Egypt

code: EGY

Madeira

code: MDR

Morocco

code: MOR

Selvagens

code: SEL

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

region: Central Asia

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Himalaya

code: WHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

Albania

code: ALB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2047 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Гребенник ежовый
Гребенник шиповатый

names: זנב-כלב דוקרני

partners:
Aelia acuminata
Aiolopus strepens
Aiolopus thalassinus
Atheroides serrulatus
Carterocephalus palaemon
Chorthippus albomarginatus
Chorthippus brunneus
Chrysochraon dispar


slug: cynosurus-effusus

scientific: Cynosurus effusus

authorship: Link

epithet: effusus

Chrysurus effusus

authorship: (Link) P.Beauv.

Chrysurus gracilis

authorship: (Viv.) Moris

Chrysurus paradoxus

authorship: Sommier

Cynosurus brizoides

authorship: Lowe

Cynosurus cristatus var. obliquatus

authorship: (Link) Hack.

Cynosurus echinatus subsp. elegans

authorship: (Desf.) Bonnier & Layens

Cynosurus effusus var. gracilis

authorship: (Viv.) Kerguélen

Cynosurus effusus var. obliquatus

authorship: (Link) Cantó & Devesa

Cynosurus elegans subsp. effusus

authorship: (Link) Asch. & Graebn.

Cynosurus elegans subsp. obliquatus

authorship: (Link) Trab.

Cynosurus elegans var. chalybaeus

authorship: Pérez Lara

Cynosurus elegans var. gracilis

authorship: (Viv.) Nyman

Cynosurus elegans var. longiaristatus

authorship: Lojac.

Cynosurus elegans var. paradoxus

authorship: (Fiori) Fiori

Cynosurus gracilis

authorship: Viv.

Cynosurus paradoxus

authorship: (Sommier) Fiori

Cynosurus paui

authorship: Sennen

name: Cynosurus polybracteatus var. chalybaeus

authorship: (Pérez Lara) Willk.

Cynosurus polybracteatus var. gracilis

authorship: (Viv.) Gren. & Godr.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: זנב-כלב עדין

authors: Link

published_in: J. Bot. (Schrader) 2(2): 315

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cynosurus-polybracteatus

scientific: Cynosurus polybracteatus

authorship: Poir.

epithet: polybracteatus

published_in: Voy. Barbarie 2: 97 (1798)

Cynosurus crista-galli

authorship: Munby

name: Cynosurus cristatus subsp. polybracteatus

authorship: (Poir.) Trab.

Cynosurus multibracteatus

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

codes: ALG TUN

Algeria

code: ALG

authors: Poir.

published_in: Voy. Barbarie ii. 97


slug: cypella-armosa

scientific: Cypella armosa

authorship: Ravenna

genus: Cypella

epithet: armosa

family: Iridaceae

Cypella gracilis f. humilis

authorship: Baker

codes: AGE BZS PAR

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

Paraguay

code: PAR

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

authors: Ravenna

published_in: Wrightia 7: 20 (-21), fig

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cypella-fucata

scientific: Cypella fucata

epithet: fucata

Cypella osteniana subsp. aurantiaca

authorship: Roitman & J.A.Castillo

codes: AGE BZS URU

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Wrightia 7: 18 (-19), fig

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cypella-herbertii

scientific: Cypella herbertii

authorship: (Lindl.) Herb.

epithet: herbertii

Cypella bonariensis

authorship: (Ten.) Niederl.

Cypella herbertii var. ramosa

authorship: (Klatt) Baker

Cypella herbertii var. wolffhuegelii

authorship: (Hauman) Ravenna

Cypella ramosa

authorship: (Klatt) Klatt

Cypella wolffhuegelii

authorship: Hauman

Marica herbertiana

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Moraea herbertii

authorship: Lindl.

Phalocallis herbertii

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Phalocallis herbertii var. angustifolia

authorship: Kuntze

Polia bonariensis

authorship: Ten.

Polia ramosa

authorship: Klatt

codes: AGE BZS PAR URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 608 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Astylus quadrilineatus
Augochlora iphigenia
Augochlorella ephyra
Halictillus

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

authors: Herb.

published_in: Bot. Mag. 53: sub t. 2637


slug: cypella-laeta

scientific: Cypella laeta

epithet: laeta

codes: AGE URU

published_in: Wrightia 7: 13 (-15), fig

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: cyperus-acuminatus

scientific: Cyperus acuminatus

authorship: Torr. & Hook.

genus: Cyperus

epithet: acuminatus

family: Cyperaceae

published_in: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 435 (1836)

preferred: tapertip flatsedge

Cyperus acuminatus var. cyrtolepis

authorship: (Torr. & Hook.) Kük.

Cyperus cyrtolepis var. caepitosus

authorship: Boeckeler

Cyperus cyrtolepis var. denticarinatus

authorship: (Britton) Britton

Cyperus rufescens var. denticarinatus

authorship: Britton

codes: ALA ARI ARK CAL COL ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MXE MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NWM NCA NDA OHI OKL ORE SDA TEN TEX UTA VRG WAS WYO

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Mexico

code: NWM

North Carolina

code: NCA

North Dakota

code: NDA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Oregon

code: ORE

South Dakota

code: SDA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 267 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tapertip flatsedge
Short-point Flatsedge

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-aggregatus

scientific: Cyperus aggregatus

authorship: (Willd.) Endl.

epithet: aggregatus

published_in: Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 93 (1842)

preferred: inflatedscale flatsedge

Carex sieberi

authorship: Nees ex Kunth

Cyperus bracteiferus

authorship: Steud.

Cyperus cayennensis

authorship: (Lam.) Britton

Cyperus cayennensis var. argentinus

authorship: (Boeckeler) Kük. ex Barros

Cyperus cayennensis var. gigas

authorship: (Lindm.) Barros

name: Cyperus cayennensis var. umbellato-flavus

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Barros

Cyperus flavomariscus

authorship: Griseb.

Cyperus flavus

authorship: (Vahl) Nees

Cyperus flavus var. aggregatus

authorship: (Willd.) Kük.

Cyperus flavus var. angustatus

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus flavus var. argentina

authorship: (Boeckeler) Kük. ex Osten

Cyperus flavus var. australis

authorship: Osten

Cyperus flavus var. gigas

authorship: (Lindm.) Kük.

Cyperus flavus var. laevis

authorship: (Kunth) Kük.

Cyperus flavus var. obesus

authorship: (Liebm.) Kük.

Cyperus obesus

authorship: Liebm.

Didymia cyperomorpha

authorship: Phil.

Kyllinga cayennensis

authorship: Lam.

Kyllinga squarrosa

authorship: Baldwin

Mariscus aggregatus

authorship: Willd.

Mariscus brasiliensis

authorship: Raddi

Mariscus cayennensis

authorship: (Lam.) Urb.

Mariscus confertus

authorship: Kunth

Mariscus cylindricus var. australis

authorship: Lindm.

Mariscus flavus

authorship: Vahl

Mariscus laevigatus

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Mariscus latibracteatus

authorship: Palla

Mariscus mexicanus

authorship: Willd. ex Link

Mariscus rigidus

authorship: Spreng.

codes: ALA ARI LOU MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MSI NWM TEX AGE AGW BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CPI CLN CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT URU VEN WIN

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arizona

code: ARI

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Mexico

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 180 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
inflatedscale flatsedge
inflated-scale flat sedge

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: cyperus-alatus

scientific: Cyperus alatus

authorship: (Nees) F.Muell.

epithet: alatus

Cyperus alatus var. serratus

authorship: Peter & Kük.

Cyperus ascolepidioides

authorship: (Cherm.) Kük.

Cyperus cristatus

authorship: (Kunth) Mattf. & Kük.

name: Cyperus cristatus subsp. ascolepidioides

authorship: (Cherm.) Lye

Cyperus cristatus var. nigritanus

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Kük.

Cyperus nigripes var. grandiceps

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus nigritanus

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Lye

Kyllinga alata

authorship: Nees

Kyllinga alba subsp. nigritana

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork

Kyllinga alba var. alata

authorship: (Nees) C.B.Clarke

Kyllinga alba var. laevissima

authorship: Cherm.

codes: ANG BOT CPP CAF CHA CON ZAI EQG ERI SWZ ETH OFS GAB GHA IVO KEN NAT LES MLW MOZ NAM NGA TVL SEY SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Central African Republic

code: CAF

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Eritrea

code: ERI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

region: West Tropical Africa

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Seychelles

code: SEY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 306 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-albostriatus

scientific: Cyperus albostriatus

authorship: Schrad.

epithet: albostriatus

published_in: Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. Recent. 7: 107 (1832)

Cyperus albostriatus var. mossii

authorship: (Turrill) Kük.

Cyperus braunii

authorship: Vatke

Cyperus mossii

authorship: Turrill

codes: BOT CPP SWZ LES MOZ NAM TVL ZAM ZIM

Botswana

code: BOT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 782 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dwarf striped umbrella sedge
dwarf umbrella-grass

names: 银条伞草 矮條傘草

names:
ingawane ephakathi
ingawanephakhati

value: evergreen

label: Fruit type

value: nut

authors: Schrad.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-alternifolius

scientific: Cyperus alternifolius

authorship: L.

epithet: alternifolius

preferred: umbrella plant

name: Cyperus alternifolius unranked variegatus

authorship: Veitch ex J.Dix

name: Cyperus alternifolius var. albovariegatus

authorship: Anon.

name: Cyperus alternifolius var. flabelliformis

authorship: (Rottb.) M.R.Almeida

Cyperus alternifolius var. gracilis

authorship: Pynaert

Cyperus alternifolius var. petersianus

authorship: (Boeckeler) Kük.

Cyperus asperifolius

authorship: Desf.

Cyperus flabelliformis

authorship: Rottb.

Cyperus flagellatus

authorship: Hochst.

Cyperus frondosus

authorship: Salisb.

Cyperus gradatus

authorship: Forssk.

Cyperus onustus

authorship: Steud.

Cyperus petersianus

authorship: Boeckeler

Cyperus racemosus

authorship: Wight

Cyperus textilis

authorship: Thunb.

Eucyperus alternifolius

authorship: (L.) Rikli

Eucyperus pungens

authorship: Rikli

Eucyperus textilis

authorship: (Thunb.) Rikli

codes: ANG BEN BOT BUR CMN CPP CHA CON ZAI DJI ERI ETH GHA GUI KEN NAT LBR MDG MLW MLI MTN MOZ NGA RWA SEN SIE SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM SAU YEM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Chad

code: CHA

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Djibouti

code: DJI

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Guinea

code: GUI

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

Mali

code: MLI

Mauritania

code: MTN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1997 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Umbrella sedge, Umbrella papyrus, Umbrella palm, Umbrella plant, Umbrella grass

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: cyperus-amabilis

scientific: Cyperus amabilis

authorship: Vahl

epithet: amabilis

preferred: foothill flatsedge

Cyperus amabilis var. oligostachyus

authorship: (Kunth) Kük.

Cyperus amabilis var. subacaulis

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus anisostachyos

authorship: Willd. ex Kunth

Cyperus aurantiacus

authorship: Kunth

Cyperus aureus var. aurantiacus

authorship: (Kunth) Boeckeler

Cyperus brachyphyllus

authorship: Willd. ex Link

Cyperus glareosus

authorship: Liebm.

Cyperus lepidus

authorship: Hochst. ex Steud.

Cyperus quitensis

authorship: Spreng.

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CMN CVI CAF CHA COM CON ZAI ERI SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB IVO KEN MDG MLW MLI MTN MOZ NAM NGR NGA TVL SEN SIE SOC SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM IND MYA VIE WHM ARI MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS ARU BOL BZN BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA GUY HON NLA NIC PAN PER SUR VEN

Botswana

code: BOT

Burkina

code: BKN

Cape Verde

code: CVI

region: Macaronesia

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Comoros

code: COM

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Gabon

code: GAB

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

Malawi

code: MLW

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: cyperus-anderssonii

scientific: Cyperus anderssonii

epithet: anderssonii

preferred: Andersson's Sedge

english:
Andersson's Sedge
Galápagos Sedge

Cyperus brachystachys

authorship: (Hook.f.) Andersson

Cyperus mutisii var. plenus

authorship: Andersson

Galápagos

code: GAL

region: Western South America

names:
Andersson's Sedge
Galápagos Sedge

authors: Boeckeler


slug: cyperus-aquatilis

scientific: Cyperus aquatilis

epithet: aquatilis

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 213 (1810)

Cyperus trinervis var. aquatilis

authorship: (R.Br.) Kük.

codes: NWG NSW NTA QLD WAU

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: graminoid

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 213

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-aromaticus

scientific: Cyperus aromaticus

authorship: (Ridl.) Mattf. & Kük.

epithet: aromaticus

name: Cyperus aromaticus var. brachyrhizomatosus

Cyperus aromaticus var. teres

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Kük.

Cyperus teres

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Lye

Kyllinga aromatica

authorship: Ridl.

Kyllinga erecta var. polyphylla

authorship: (Willd. ex Kunth) S.S.Hooper

Kyllinga involucrata

authorship: Bojer ex Baker

Kyllinga macrantha

authorship: Boeckeler

Kyllinga teres var. aphylla

authorship: Cherm.

codes: ANG BOT BUR CMN CAF COM CON ZAI GAB GHA GUI IVO KEN NAT MDG MLW MLI MAU NGA REU SEY SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Guinea

code: GUI

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madagascar

code: MDG

Mali

code: MLI

Mauritius

code: MAU

Nigeria

code: NGA

Réunion

code: REU

Seychelles

code: SEY

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 738 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Киллинга многолистная

published_in: Pflanzenr. Cyperac.-Scirp.-Cyp. 581 (1936)


slug: cyperus-articulatus

scientific: Cyperus articulatus

authorship: L.

epithet: articulatus

preferred: Jointed Flatsedge

english:
Jointed Flatsedge
jointed flatsedge

Chlorocyperus articulatus

authorship: (L.) Rikli

Chlorocyperus cordobensis

authorship: Palla

Cyperus articulatus

authorship: Benth.

Cyperus articulatus f. longispiculosus

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus articulatus var. conglomeratus

authorship: Britton

Cyperus articulatus var. erythrostachys

authorship: Graebn.

Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus

authorship: (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kük.

Cyperus autumnalis

authorship: Pursh

Cyperus borbonicus

authorship: Steud.

Cyperus cordobensis

authorship: (Palla) Hicken

Cyperus corymbosus var. pangorei

authorship: Rottb.

Cyperus corymbosus var. subnodosus

authorship: (Nees & Meyen) Kük. ex Osten

Cyperus fistulosus

authorship: Ehrenb. ex Boeckeler

Cyperus gymnos

authorship: Schult.

Cyperus niloticus

authorship: Forssk.

Cyperus nodosus

authorship: Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Cyperus nodosus var. subnodosus

authorship: (Nees & Meyen) Boeckeler

Cyperus subarticulatus

authorship: Nees & Meyen

Papyrus pangorei

authorship: Nees

codes: ALG ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CAB CMN CPP CVI CPV CAF CHA COM CON ZAI EGY EQG ERI SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN NAT LBR MDG MLW MLI MTN MAU MOZ NAM NGR NGA TVL RWA REU SEN SEY SIE SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM IRN IRQ LBS PAL SAU SIN YEM ASS BAN IND MYA NEP PAK SRL THA VIE WHM QLD ALA FLA GEO LOU MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MSI SCA TEX AGE AGW BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT URU VEN VNA WIN

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Botswana

code: BOT

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cabinda

code: CAB

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

Comoros

code: COM

Egypt

code: EGY

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Eritrea

code: ERI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 256 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Dendrocygna autumnalis
Dendrocygna bicolor
Dendrocygna viduata

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-ascocapensis

scientific: Cyperus ascocapensis

authorship: Bauters

epithet: ascocapensis

Ascolepis capensis

authorship: (Kunth) Ridl.

Platylepis capensis

authorship: Kunth

codes: ANG BEN BKN CMN CPP CAF SWZ ETH OFS GAB GHA GUI IVO KEN NAT MLW MLI MOZ NGA TVL SIE SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Cameroon

code: CMN

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-austroafricanus

scientific: Cyperus austroafricanus

authorship: C.Archer & Goetgh.

epithet: austroafricanus

Cyperus dubius var. buchananii

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Kük.

codes: CPP SWZ NAT MOZ NAM TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Namibia

code: NAM

value: herb

authors: C.Archer & Goetgh.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: cyperus-bipartitus

scientific: Cyperus bipartitus

authorship: Torr.

epithet: bipartitus

published_in: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 257 (1836)

preferred: slender flatsedge

Chlorocyperus rivularis

authorship: (Kunth) Rikli

Cyperus bicolor

authorship: Barton

Cyperus bipartitus f. elongatus

authorship: (Boeckeler) Mohlenbr.

Cyperus bipartitus f. elutus

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Mohlenbr.

Cyperus castaneus

authorship: Bigelow

Cyperus diandrus var. bipartitus

authorship: (Torr.) Kük.

Cyperus diandrus var. castaneus

authorship: (Pursh) Torr.

Cyperus flavescens var. bicolor

authorship: Farw.

Cyperus flavescens var. castaneus

authorship: Pursh

Cyperus niger var. rivularis

authorship: (Kunth) V.E.Grant

Cyperus pauper

authorship: Phil.

Cyperus rivularis f. subacaulis

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus rivularis subsp. lagunetto

authorship: (Steud.) Kük.

Cyperus rivularis var. elongatus

authorship: Boeckeler

Cyperus rivularis var. lagunetto

authorship: (Steud.) O'Neill

Pycreus bipartitus

authorship: (Torr.) C.B.Clarke

Pycreus lagunetto

authorship: (Steud.) C.B.Clarke

Pycreus rivularis

authorship: (Kunth) Palla

codes: ALA ARI ARK CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MXG MXE MXT MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NEV NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS AGE AGW BOL CLN CLM COS ECU ELS GAL GUA HON NIC PAN PER VEN

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1359 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-blepharoleptos

scientific: Cyperus blepharoleptos

authorship: Steud.

epithet: blepharoleptos

preferred: Cuban bulrush

Anosporum ablepharum

authorship: (Griseb.) Maury ex Micheli

Anosporum cubense

authorship: (Poepp. & Kunth) Boeckeler

Anosporum paraguayense

authorship: Maury

Crepidocarpus cubensis

authorship: (Poepp. & Kunth) Klotzsch ex Boeckeler

Crepidocarpus schinzii

authorship: Klotzsch ex Boeckeler

Isolepis echinocephala

authorship: Oliv.

Kyllinga scirpina

authorship: Rchb. ex C.B.Clarke

Oxycaryum cubense

authorship: (Poepp. & Kunth) Palla

Oxycaryum cubense f. paraguayense

authorship: (Maury) Pedersen

Oxycaryum guianense

authorship: Palla

Oxycaryum paraguayense

authorship: (Maury) Palla

Oxycaryum schinzii

authorship: (Boeckeler) Palla

Oxycaryum schomburgkianum

authorship: Nees

Pseudomariscus olivaceus

authorship: (Boeckeler) Rauschert

Scirpus ablepharus

authorship: Griseb.

Scirpus cubensis

authorship: Poepp. & Kunth

Scirpus cubensis var. gracilis

authorship: (Boeckeler) Beetle

Scirpus cubensis var. paraguayensis

authorship: (Maury) Kük. ex Barros

Scirpus paraguayensis

authorship: (Maury) Herter

Scirpus piliferus

authorship: (Maury) Pickel

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN CAF CHA CON ZAI GHA GNB KEN NAT MDG MLW MLI MTN NAM NGR NGA RWA SEN SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM ALA FLA LOU MXT MXS TEX AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HON JAM NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT URU VEN

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Botswana

code: BOT

Burkina

code: BKN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mauritania

code: MTN

Namibia

code: NAM

Niger

code: NGR

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rwanda

code: RWA

Senegal

code: SEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 221 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-bracheilema

scientific: Cyperus bracheilema

authorship: (Steud.) Mattf. & Kük.

epithet: bracheilema

Cyperus teneristolon

authorship: Mattf. & Kük.

Cyperus teneristolon var. robustior

authorship: (Kük.) Kük.

Cyperus transitorius

authorship: Kük.

Kyllinga anomala

authorship: Peter & Kük.

Kyllinga atrosanguinea

authorship: Steud.

Kyllinga pulchella

authorship: Kunth

Kyllinga transitoria

authorship: (Kük.) T.Koyama

codes: CPP ERI ETH OFS KEN NAT LES TVL SUD TAN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Lesotho

code: LES

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

value: non-woody

value: helophyte

authors: (Steud.) Mattf. & Kük.

published_in: Pflanzenr. Cyperac.-Scirp.-Cyp. 576 (1936)


slug: cyperus-brevifolioides

scientific: Cyperus brevifolioides

authorship: Thieret & Delahouss.

epithet: brevifolioides

preferred: pasture spikesedge

Cyperus brevifolius subsp. leiolepis

authorship: (Franch. & Sav.) T.Koyama

Cyperus brevifolius var. gracillimus

authorship: (Miq.) Kük.

Kyllinga brevifolia var. leiocarpa

authorship: Kitag.

Kyllinga brevifolia var. leiolepis

authorship: (Franch. & Sav.) H.Hara

Kyllinga brevifolioides

authorship: (Thieret & Delahouss.) G.C.Tucker

Kyllinga gracillima

authorship: Miq.

Kyllinga monocephala var. leiolepis

authorship: Franch. & Sav.

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP KOR CHM NNS PRM EHM NEP

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Primorye

code: PRM

region: Russian Far East

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

Nepal

code: NEP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 143 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Asiatic greenhead sedge
false green kyllinga

names:
Киллинга тончайшая
Сыть тончайшая

names: hime-kugu ヒメクグ

source: USDA PLANTS

authors: Thieret & Delahouss.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-brevifolius

scientific: Cyperus brevifolius

authorship: (Rottb.) Hassk.

epithet: brevifolius

published_in: Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt. : 24 (1844)

preferred: shortleaf spikesedge

Cyperus cruciformis

authorship: (Schrad. ex Schult.) Endl.

Cyperus pluristamineus

authorship: (Govind. & Ramani) Kottaim.

Kyllinga brevifolia

authorship: Rottb.

Kyllinga brevifolia var. andamanica

authorship: Wad.Khan & Diwakar

Kyllinga brevifolia var. cruciformis

authorship: (Schrad. ex Schult.) Cherm.

Kyllinga brevifolia var. gibbosa

authorship: Honda

Kyllinga brevifolia var. longifolia

authorship: Boeckeler

Kyllinga cruciata

authorship: Nees

Kyllinga cruciformis

authorship: Schrad.

Kyllinga hohenackeri

authorship: Hochst. ex Steud.

Kyllinga honolulu

authorship: Steud. ex Jard.

Kyllinga laxa

authorship: Schrad. ex Nees

Kyllinga monocephala

authorship: Thunb.

Kyllinga nivea

authorship: Pers.

Kyllinga odorata

authorship: Liebm.

Kyllinga pluristaminea

authorship: Govind. & Ramani

Kyllinga polyphylla subsp. babiensis

authorship: Wad.Khan & Lakshmin.

Kyllinga tenuis

authorship: Baldwin

Kyllinga tricephala

authorship: Salisb.

Schoenus capitatus

authorship: Crantz

codes: ALD ASC BOT CMN CAF CGS COM EQG GAB KEN NAT LBR MDG MLW MAU MOZ MCI NGA ROD REU SEY SOC STH SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM AFG CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KZN KOR CHM NNS OGA OMA TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD XMS CKI EHM IND JAW LDV LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PAK PHI SCS SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM NSW NZN NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU ALA FLA GEO LOU MXC MXG MXN MXT MXS MSI NCA OKL SCA TEX CRL COO EAS GIL MRQ PIT SAM SCI TOK TUA TUB VAN WAL AGE AGW BAH BLZ BER BOL BZN BZE BZS BZC CAY CPI CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GAL GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT URU VEN WIN

Aldabra

code: ALD

Ascension

code: ASC

region: Middle Atlantic Ocean

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chagos Archipelago

code: CGS

Comoros

code: COM

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Gabon

code: GAB

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mauritius

code: MAU

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Mozambique Channel Is.

code: MCI

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rodrigues

code: ROD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2002 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Киллинга коротколистная

names: กกตุ้มหู(กกดอกขาว)

partners:
Apis mellifera
Betasyrphus adligatus
Halictus
Ischiodon aegyptius
Lasioglossum
Melanostoma infuscatum
Paragus naso

partners:
Camarhynchus parvulus
Geomydoecus perotensis


slug: cyperus-byssaceus

scientific: Cyperus byssaceus

authorship: Pereira-Silva

epithet: byssaceus

Androtrichum giganteum

authorship: (Kunth) H.Pfeiff.

Androtrichum speciosum

authorship: (Nees) Herter

Scirpus giganteus

authorship: Kunth

codes: AGE BZS PAR URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Pereira-Silva

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cyperus-capensis

scientific: Cyperus capensis

authorship: (Steud.) Endl.

epithet: capensis

published_in: Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 94 (1842)

Kyllinga capensis

authorship: Steud.

Mariscus capensis

authorship: (Steud.) Nees

codes: CPP SWZ OFS NAT MOZ TVL

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

names:
Monkey Bulb
Monkey Uintjie

source: GIFT

authors: Endl.

published_in: Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 94

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: cyperus-capitatus

scientific: Cyperus capitatus

authorship: Vand.

epithet: capitatus

Chlorocyperus aegyptiacus

authorship: (Gloxin) Rikli

Cyperus aegyptiacus

authorship: Gloxin

Cyperus kalli

authorship: (Forssk.) Murb.

Cyperus macrorrhizus

authorship: Nees ex Boiss.

Cyperus maritimus

authorship: (Lam.) P.Silva

Cyperus mucronatus

authorship: (L.) Mabille

Cyperus schoenoides

authorship: Griseb.

Galilea mucronata

authorship: (L.) Parl.

Mariscus mucronatus

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

Schoenus maritimus

authorship: Lam.

Schoenus mucronatus

authorship: L.

Schoenus pallescens

authorship: Gand.

Scirpus kalli

authorship: Forssk.

codes: ALG CNY CVI EGY LBY MTN MOR TUN WSA CYP EAI LBS NCS PAL SIN TUR ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG POR SAR SIC SPA TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

Mauritania

code: MTN

region: West Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Western Sahara

code: WSA

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Palestine

code: PAL

Sinai

code: SIN

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 879 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Souchet en tête, Souchet en bouquet arrondi, Souchet à têtes


slug: cyperus-compactus

scientific: Cyperus compactus

authorship: Retz.

epithet: compactus

published_in: Observ. Bot. (Retzius) 5: 10, no. 7 (1788)

Cyperus compactus f. decolorans

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus compactus var. macrostachys

authorship: (Boeckeler) Kük.

Cyperus compactus var. pauciflorus

authorship: (H.Pfeiff.) Kük.

Cyperus congestus

authorship: Poir.

Cyperus cuadriflorus

authorship: Llanos

Cyperus dilutus

authorship: Vahl

Cyperus dilutus var. macrostachys

authorship: Boeckeler

Cyperus haenkeanus

authorship: Kunth

Cyperus luzonensis

authorship: J.Presl & C.Presl

Cyperus rufus

authorship: Nees ex Kunth

Cyperus spinulosus

authorship: Roxb.

Duval-jouvea diluta

authorship: (Vahl) Palla

Mariscus compactus

authorship: (Retz.) Druce

authorship: (Retz.) Bold.

Mariscus compactus var. macrostachys

authorship: (Boeckeler) F.C.How

authorship: (Boeckeler) H.B.Naithani & S.Biswas

Mariscus dilutus

authorship: Nees

Mariscus grabowskianus

authorship: (Boeckeler) Merr.

Sphaeromariscus microcephalus

authorship: (J.Presl & C.Presl) E.G.Camus

codes: MDG CHC CHS CHH TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PAK PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE NTA QLD WAU

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: cyperus-compressus

scientific: Cyperus compressus

authorship: L.

epithet: compressus

preferred: Poorland flatsedge

english:
Poorland flatsedge
poorland flatsedge

Chlorocyperus compressus

authorship: (L.) Palla

Cyperus compressus f. depauperata

authorship: Domin

Cyperus compressus var. brachiatus

authorship: (Poir.) Nees

Cyperus compressus var. pectiniformis

authorship: (Schult.) C.B.Clarke

Cyperus dilutus f. decolorans

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus giraudyi

authorship: Steud.

Cyperus meyenii

authorship: Nees, Wight & Arn.

Cyperus myyenii

authorship: Nees & Arn.

Cyperus pectiniformis

authorship: Schult.

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN CMN CVI CAF COM ZAI EGY EQG SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN NAT LBR MDG MLW MLI MAU MOZ NAM NGA TVL ROD REU SEN SEY SIE SOC SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM AFG CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KZN KOR CHM NNS TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LDV LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PAK PHI SCS SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM NSW NTA QLD ALA ARK DEL FLA GEO ILL KTY LOU MRY MXG MXN MXT MXS MSI MSO NWM NWY NCA OHI PEN SCA TEX VRG CRL GIL MRN MRS SAM TON WAL BAH BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZC CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PER PUE SWC SUR TRT VEN VNA

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Botswana

code: BOT

Burkina

code: BKN

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Comoros

code: COM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Gabon

code: GAB

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 598 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: cyperus-congestus

scientific: Cyperus congestus

authorship: Vahl

epithet: congestus

preferred: clustered flatsedge

Chlorocyperus congestus

authorship: (Vahl) Palla

Cyperus bulbosus

authorship: Lag.

Cyperus congestus var. glanduliferus

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) Kük.

Cyperus cooperi

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) K.Schum.

Cyperus incarnatus

authorship: Link

Cyperus paramatta

authorship: Mart.

authorship: Balb. ex Kunth

Cyperus schottianus

authorship: Anon.

Cyperus spiculosus

authorship: Rchb.

Cyperus subbulbosus

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Mariscus congestus

authorship: (Vahl) C.B.Clarke

Pycreus congestus

authorship: (Vahl) Hayek

codes: CPP OFS NAT LES MOZ NAM TVL ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Free State

code: OFS

Lesotho

code: LES

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 872 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
clustered flatsedge
Dense Flat-sedge

names:
/
Souchet dense


slug: cyperus-conglomeratus

scientific: Cyperus conglomeratus

authorship: Rottb.

epithet: conglomeratus

published_in: Descr. Icon. Rar. Pl. : 21 (1773)

preferred: Sedge

Cyperus acutiflorus

authorship: Steud.

Cyperus arcuatus

authorship: Boeckeler

Cyperus complanatus

authorship: Forssk.

Cyperus conglomeratus f. curvulus

authorship: (Boeckeler) Kük.

Cyperus conglomeratus var. effusus

authorship: (Rottb.) Coss. & Durieu

authorship: (Rottb.) Kük.

Cyperus conglomeratus var. ensifolius

authorship: (Nees & Ehrenb. ex Boeckeler) Kük.

Cyperus ensifolius

authorship: Nees & Ehrenb. ex Boeckeler

Cyperus falcatus

authorship: Ehrenb. ex Boeckeler

Cyperus falcatus var. hamiensis

authorship: Schweinf.

Cyperus pappii

authorship: Gand.

Cyperus pungens

authorship: Boeckeler ex Aitch. & Hemsl.

Schoenus glaucus

authorship: Sieber ex C.B.Clarke

Schoenus macrorrhizus

authorship: Rich. ex C.B.Clarke

codes: ALD ALG BKN CAF CHA DJI EGY ERI ETH GAB KEN LBY MDG MLI MTN MAU MOR NGR SEN SEY SOC SOM SUD TUN WSA AFG GST IRN IRQ KUW OMA PAL SAU SIN YEM IND PAK

Aldabra

code: ALD

Algeria

code: ALG

Burkina

code: BKN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Chad

code: CHA

Djibouti

code: DJI

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Gabon

code: GAB

Libya

code: LBY

Mali

code: MLI

Mauritania

code: MTN

Mauritius

code: MAU

Morocco

code: MOR

Niger

code: NGR

Senegal

code: SEN

Seychelles

code: SEY

Socotra

code: SOC

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 202 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: cyperus-conicus

scientific: Cyperus conicus

authorship: (R.Br.) Boeckeler

epithet: conicus

codes: NSW NTA QLD WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

Western Australia

code: WAU


slug: cyperus-corymbosus

scientific: Cyperus corymbosus

epithet: corymbosus

Cyperus bengalensis

authorship: Spreng.

Cyperus corymbosus var. brevispiculosus

authorship: Kuntze

Cyperus corymbosus var. damarensis

authorship: Kük.

Cyperus corymbosus var. longispiculatus

authorship: (Kuntze) Kük.

Cyperus diphyllus

authorship: Retz.

Cyperus diphyllus var. elatior

authorship: Benth.

Cyperus gula-metthi

authorship: Schult.

Cyperus koenigii

authorship: Vahl

Cyperus longus var. pallescens

authorship: (Desf.) Coss. & Durieu

Cyperus nudus

authorship: Roxb.

Cyperus pallescens

authorship: Desf.

Cyperus roestelii

authorship: Kunth

Cyperus tegetiformis

authorship: Roxb. ex Arn.

Cyperus tenuicomus

authorship: Miq.

codes: ALG ANG BOT CHA IVO NAT MDG MOZ TVL TAN TOG IRQ PAL ASS BAN IND MYA NEP PAK SRL THA VIE WHM BZL CUB GUY SUR VEN

Algeria

code: ALG

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

Chad

code: CHA

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madagascar

code: MDG

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Iraq

code: IRQ

Palestine

code: PAL

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

India

code: IND

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL


slug: cyperus-crassipes

scientific: Cyperus crassipes

epithet: crassipes

Cyperus brevis

authorship: Boeckeler

Cyperus cephalostachyus

authorship: Steud.

Cyperus chisimajensis

authorship: Chiov.

Cyperus congestus var. brevis

authorship: (Boeckeler) Kük.

Cyperus maritimus

authorship: Poir.

Cyperus maritimus var. crassipes

authorship: (Vahl) C.B.Clarke

Mariscus congestus var. brevis

authorship: (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke

codes: ANG BEN CPP CVI CON ZAI EQG GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB IVO KEN NAT LBR MDG MTN MOZ NGA SEN SIE SOM TAN TOG

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Cape Verde

code: CVI

region: Macaronesia

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Gabon

code: GAB

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

Mauritania

code: MTN

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Somalia

code: SOM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.