slug: apowollastonia-spilanthoides

scientific: Apowollastonia spilanthoides

authorship: (F.Muell.) Orchard

genus: Apowollastonia

epithet: spilanthoides

Niebuhria spilanthoides

authorship: Britten

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 93 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 1 m

value: achene

authors: (F.Muell.) Orchard

published_in: Nuytsia 23: 408

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: appendicula-reflexa

scientific: Appendicula reflexa

authorship: Blume

genus: Appendicula

epithet: reflexa

family: Orchidaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

preferred: reflexed appendicula

source: usda

Appendicula cleistogama

authorship: Schltr.

Appendicula cornuta var. formosana

authorship: (Hayata) S.S.Ying

Appendicula dalatensis

authorship: Guillaumin

Appendicula formosana

authorship: Hayata

Appendicula formosana var. kotoensis

authorship: (Hayata) T.P.Lin

Appendicula micrantha

authorship: Lindl.

Appendicula minutiflora

authorship: Ames & C.Schweinf.

Appendicula reflexa var. neopommeranica

authorship: (Schltr.) Schltr.

Appendicula robusta

authorship: Ridl.

Appendicula vanikorensis

authorship: Ames

Appendicula viridiflora

authorship: Teijsm. & Binn.

Dendrobium minutiflorum

authorship: Kraenzl.

Podochilus micranthus

authorship: (Lindl.) Schltr.

Podochilus reflexus

authorship: (Blume) Schltr.

Podochilus vieillardii

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Schltr.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: TAI BIS BOR CBD JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NWG NCB PHI SOL SUL SUM THA VIE CRL FIJ NWC SCZ TON VAN WAL

Taiwan

code: TAI

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Eastern Asia

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Papuasia

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

Caroline Is.

code: CRL

continent: PACIFIC

region: Northwestern Pacific

Fiji

code: FIJ

region: Southwestern Pacific

New Caledonia

code: NWC

Santa Cruz Is.

code: SCZ

Tonga

code: TON

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: apteria-aphylla

scientific: Apteria aphylla

authorship: (Nutt.) Barnhart ex Small

genus: Apteria

epithet: aphylla

family: Burmanniaceae

preferred: Nodding nixie

english:
Nodding nixie
nodding nixie

source: wikidata

Apteria aphylla var. hymenanthera

authorship: (Miq.) Jonker

Apteria boliviana

authorship: Rusby

Apteria gentianoides

authorship: Jonker

Apteria hymenanthera

authorship: Miq.

Apteria hymenanthera f. decolorata

authorship: Cif.

Apteria lilacina

authorship: (Miers) Miers

Apteria setacea

authorship: Nutt.

Apteria setacea var. major

authorship: Hook.

Nemitis setacea

authorship: (Nutt.) Raf.

Stemoptera lilacina

authorship: Miers

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALA FLA GEO LOU MXC MXG MXT MXS MSI TEX AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Alabama

code: ALA

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Mississippi

code: MSI

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 629 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: aptosimum-albomarginatum

scientific: Aptosimum albomarginatum

authorship: Marloth & Engl.

genus: Aptosimum

epithet: albomarginatum

family: Scrophulariaceae

codes: BOT CPP NAM TVL

Botswana

code: BOT

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

lifeform: subshrub

climate: desert or dry shrubland

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: shrub

source: GIFT

value: subshrub

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: Marloth & Engl.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10(3): 249

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: aptosimum-arenarium

scientific: Aptosimum arenarium

authorship: Engl.

epithet: arenarium

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Encarsia telemachusi
Eurytoma caulicola
Pseudapis usakoa

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: Engl.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10(3): 250

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aptosimum-decumbens

scientific: Aptosimum decumbens

authorship: Schinz

epithet: decumbens

published_in: Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 31: 184 (1890)

Aptosimum schinzii

authorship: Emil Weber

codes: ANG BOT NAM ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

partners:
Ceratina rhodura
Emersonella niveipes
Metaphycus troas

authors: Schinz

published_in: Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg xxxi. (1890) 184

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aptosimum-elongatum

scientific: Aptosimum elongatum

authorship: (Hiern) Engl.

epithet: elongatum

preferred: carpet flower

english:
carpet flower
carpet plant

Aptosimum depressum var. elongatum

authorship: Hiern

Aptosimum eriocephalum var. pubescens

authorship: Engl. ex Emil Weber

Aptosimum procumbens var. elongatum

authorship: (Hiern) Codd

Aptosimum weberianum

authorship: Pilg.

codes: ANG BOT CPP OFS NAM TVL

Free State

code: OFS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
carpet flower
carpet plant

names: seeroogbossie brandblare

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aptosimum-indivisum

scientific: Aptosimum indivisum

authorship: Burch. ex Benth.

epithet: indivisum

Ohlendorffia rosulata

authorship: Nees ex Benth.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CPP OFS TVL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 538 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Karoo Violet
Veld Violet

names: Аптозиум нераздельный

names: Karooviooltjie karooviool

partners:
Amegilla nivea
Eurytoma crotolariae

authors: Burch. ex Benth.

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 22: sub t. 1882


slug: aptosimum-lineare

scientific: Aptosimum lineare

epithet: lineare

Aptosimum lineare var. randii

authorship: (S.Moore) Emil Weber

codes: ANG BOT CPP ZAI MOZ NAM TVL ZIM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 469 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Аптозиум линейный

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aptosimum-marlothii

scientific: Aptosimum marlothii

authorship: (Engl.) Hiern

epithet: marlothii

codes: BOT CPP OFS NAM TVL

names: karoo koffie

authors: (Engl.) Hiern


slug: aptosimum-procumbens

scientific: Aptosimum procumbens

authorship: (Lehm.) Burch. ex Steud.

epithet: procumbens

Aptosimum depressum var. benthamii

authorship: Harv.

Ohlendorffia procumbens

authorship: Lehm.

Russelia depressa

authorship: Walp.

codes: BOT CPP OFS LES TVL

Lesotho

code: LES

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 211 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Carpet Flower
Carpet Plant

names: Аптозиум распростёртый

names:
Brandblaar- Karooviooltjie
Brandblare

partners:
Horismenus nishidai
Pseudapis glabriventris
Systropha glabriventris

value: 0 m

authors: (Lehm.) Steud.

published_in: Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2 i. 114

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aptosimum-spinescens

scientific: Aptosimum spinescens

authorship: (Thunb.) Emil Weber

epithet: spinescens

Aptosimum laricinum

authorship: Dinter

Aptosimum scaberrimum var. glabrum

authorship: Emil Weber & Schinz

Ruellia spinescens

authorship: Thunb.

codes: CPP OFS NAM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 271 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Aambeibos Doringviooltjie

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: (Thunb.) Emil Weber

published_in: Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2. 21(2): 18

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aptosimum-viscosum

scientific: Aptosimum viscosum

authorship: Benth.

epithet: viscosum

codes: CPP NAM

names:
Desert Violet
Namaqua Karooviolet

authors: Benth.


slug: apurimacia-boliviana

scientific: Apurimacia boliviana

authorship: (Britton) Lavin

genus: Apurimacia

epithet: boliviana

family: Fabaceae

published_in: Advances Legume System. 3: 64 (1987)

Apurimacia incarum

authorship: Harms

Apurimacia libertatis f. minor

authorship: Segarra

Apurimacia michelii

authorship: (Rusby) Harms

Coursetia boliviana

authorship: Britton

Gliricidia michelii

authorship: Rusby

codes: BOL PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

Peru

code: PER

lifeform: tree

authors: (Britton) Lavin

published_in: Advances Legume Syst. Part 3 64


slug: aquarius-cordifolius

scientific: Aquarius cordifolius

authorship: (L.) Christenh. & Byng

genus: Aquarius

epithet: cordifolius

family: Alismataceae

preferred: creeping burhead

Alisma cordifolium

authorship: L.

Damasonium cordifolium

authorship: (L.) Chaz.

Echinodorus cordifolius

authorship: (L.) Griseb.

name: Echinodorus cordifolius subsp. cordifolius

Echinodorus cordifolius subsp. fluitans

authorship: (Fassett) R.R.Haynes & Holm-Niels.

Echinodorus fluitans

authorship: Fassett

Echinodorus radicans

authorship: (Nutt.) Engelm. ex A.Gray

Sagittaria cordifolia

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Sagittaria radicans

authorship: Nutt.

codes: ALA ARK WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KAN KTY LOU MRY MXG MXE MXT MSI MSO NCA OKL SCA TEN TEX VRG CLM CUB DOM HAI LEE VEN WIN

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

Colombia

code: CLM

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 974 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

quote: Creeping burhead is a creeping annual or short-lived perennial.

quote: The flowering shoot (scape) can reach 3 feet or more in length;

quote: Numerous whorls of flowers with white petals and greenish centers are located along the scape.

value: Flowering begins in June and continues until frost.


slug: aquarius-grandiflorus

scientific: Aquarius grandiflorus

authorship: (Cham. & Schltdl.) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: grandiflorus

preferred: Florida burhead

Alisma grandiflorum

authorship: Cham. & Schltdl.

Echinodorus argentinensis

authorship: Rataj

Echinodorus floridanus

authorship: R.R.Haynes & Burkhalter

Echinodorus grandiflorus

authorship: (Cham. & Schltdl.) Micheli

name: Echinodorus grandiflorus subsp. grandiflorus

name: Echinodorus grandiflorus var. bracteatus

name: Echinodorus grandiflorus var. claussenii

authorship: (Seub.) Rataj

name: Echinodorus grandiflorus var. grandiflorus

Echinodorus grandiflorus var. ovatus

authorship: Micheli

Echinodorus pubescens var. claussenii

authorship: Seub.

codes: FLA AGE AGW BOL BZS PAR URU

Florida

code: FLA

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil South

code: BZS

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

lifeform: helophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 224 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Megamelus bellicus
Megamelus maculipes

source: USDA PLANTS

label: Life form

value: helophyte

authors: (Cham. & Schltdl.) Christenh. & Byng

published_in: Global Fl. 4: 53

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol ECFL4

license: public domain

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquarius-pubescens

scientific: Aquarius pubescens

authorship: (Mart.) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: pubescens

Alisma pubescens

authorship: Mart.

authorship: Mart. ex Schult.f.

Echinodorus ellipticus var. pubescens

authorship: (Mart. ex Roem & Schult.) Micheli

Echinodorus palifolius var. pubescens

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult.f.) J.F.Macbr.

Echinodorus pubescens

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Seub. ex Warm.

Sagittaria palifolia f. pubescens

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Kuntze

codes: BZN BZE BZL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

authors: (Mart.) Christenh. & Byng


slug: aquarius-subulatus

scientific: Aquarius subulatus

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: subulatus

Alisma andrieuxii

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Echinodorus andrieuxii

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Small

Echinodorus andrieuxii var. longistylus

authorship: (Buchenau) Rataj

Echinodorus intermedius

authorship: Griseb.

Echinodorus longistylus

authorship: Buchenau

Echinodorus subalatus

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Griseb.

Echinodorus subalatus subsp. andrieuxii

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) R.R.Haynes & Holm-Niels.

Sagittaria palaefolia var. subalata

authorship: (Mart.) Kuntze

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilaria-sinensis

scientific: Aquilaria sinensis

authorship: (Lour.) Spreng.

genus: Aquilaria

epithet: sinensis

family: Thymelaeaceae

preferred: Incense tree

Agallochum grandiflorum

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Agallochum sinense

authorship: (Lour.) Kuntze

Aquilaria chinensis

authorship: Spreng.

Aquilaria grandiflora

authorship: Benth.

Aquilaria ophispermum

authorship: Poir.

Ophispermum sinense

authorship: Lour.

codes: CHS CHH

China Southeast

code: CHS

region: China

Hainan

code: CHH

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 200 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
Incense tree
Aquilaria sinensis

names: 土沉香 沉香

names: Аквилария китайская

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

value: tree

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

authors: Merr.

published_in: Philipp. J. Sci. 15: 248

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: aquilegia-alpina

scientific: Aquilegia alpina

authorship: L.

genus: Aquilegia

epithet: alpina

family: Ranunculaceae

Aquilegia alpina f. gracilis

authorship: Chenev. & Braun-Blanq.

Aquilegia alpina var. minor

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Aquilegia montana

authorship: Sternb.

Aquilegia reuteriana

authorship: Rchb.f. ex Nyman

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. alpina

authorship: (L.) Hook.f. & Thomson

codes: AUT FRA ITA SWI

Austria

code: AUT

continent: EUROPE

region: Middle Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

Switzerland

code: SWI

lifeform: perennial

climate: subalpine or subarctic

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 307 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names:
Ancolie des Alpes
Ancolie des Alpes, Cornette des Alpes

names: Аквілегія альпійська

partners:
Andrena florivaga
Hoplitis robusta
Lasioglossum bluethgeni
Lasioglossum glabriusculum
Lasioglossum lineare
Lasioglossum majus
Lasioglossum marginatum
Lasioglossum minutulum

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aspitates gilvaria
Carduelis citrinella

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Jul-Aug

label: Fruit type

value: follicle

source: Wikidata

authors: L.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: aquilegia-atrata

scientific: Aquilegia atrata

epithet: atrata

preferred: Dark Columbine

Aquilegia atrata var. cyanescens

authorship: (Borbás ex Hegi) Munz

Aquilegia atrata var. major

authorship: Erdner

Aquilegia atrata var. salvatoriana

authorship: (Chenev.) Munz

Aquilegia atroviolacea

authorship: Beck

Aquilegia atroviolacea var. cyanescens

authorship: Dalla Torre & Sarnth.

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. atrata

authorship: (Koch) Gaudin

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. atroviolacea

authorship: (Av-Lall.) Rapaics

Aquilegia vulgaris var. atrata

authorship: (Koch) Gren.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. atroviolacea

authorship: Avé-Lall.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. cyanescens

authorship: Borbás ex Hegi

Aquilegia vulgaris var. salvatoriana

authorship: Chenev.

authorship: (Chenev.) Schinz

codes: AUT FRA GER ITA YUG SWI

Germany

code: GER

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1987 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 紫黑耧斗菜 紫黑耬斗菜

names: Водосбор тёмный

names:
Schwarzviolette Akelei
Dunkle Akelei

names:
Ancolie noirâtre
Ancolie noiratre

names:
orlíček černofialový
orlí

partners:
Bombus hortorum
Bombus terrestris

value: deciduous

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: aquilegia-barnebyi

scientific: Aquilegia barnebyi

authorship: Munz

epithet: barnebyi

preferred: oil shale columbine

codes: COL UTA

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Utah

code: UTA

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

names:
oil shale columbine
shale columbine

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

authors: Munz

published_in: Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 177

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-brevistyla

scientific: Aquilegia brevistyla

authorship: Hook.

epithet: brevistyla

preferred: smallflower columbine

Aquilegia brevistyla var. altior

authorship: Rapaics

Aquilegia brevistyla var. vera

authorship: Brühl

codes: ASK ABT BRC MAN MNT NWT ONT SAS SDA WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

Manitoba

code: MAN

Montana

code: MNT

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 961 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
smallflower columbine
Small-flower Columbine

partners:
Bombus huntii
Bombus jonellus
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus sylvestris

partners:
Ophiomyia aquilegiana
Phytomyza aquilegiae
Phytomyza krygeri

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

authors: Hook.

published_in: Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker) 1(1): 24


slug: aquilegia-buergeriana

scientific: Aquilegia buergeriana

authorship: Siebold & Zucc.

epithet: buergeriana

published_in: Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(2): 183 (1845)

Aquilegia atropurpurea

authorship: Miq.

Aquilegia buergeriana f. flavescens

authorship: Makino

Aquilegia buergeriana f. viridialba

authorship: Sugim.

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

names: Водосбор Бюргера

partners:
Bombus consobrinus
Bombus diversus
Epuraea fergeri
Oedemeronia subrobusta
Panorpodes paradoxa

value: geophyte

authors: Siebold & Zucc.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: aquilegia-canadensis

scientific: Aquilegia canadensis

authorship: L.

epithet: canadensis

preferred: red columbine

source: inat

Aquilegia australis

authorship: Small

Aquilegia canadensis f. albiflora

authorship: House

Aquilegia canadensis f. flaviflora

authorship: (Tenney) Britton ex House

authorship: Britton

Aquilegia canadensis f. phippenii

authorship: (J.Rob.) Ralph Hoffm.

Aquilegia canadensis var. aurea

authorship: Orpet

Aquilegia canadensis var. australis

authorship: (Small) Munz

Aquilegia canadensis var. eminens

authorship: (Greene) B.Boivin

Aquilegia canadensis var. latiuscula

authorship: (Greene) Munz

Aquilegia canadensis var. longistyla

authorship: Regel

Aquilegia canadensis var. violacea

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

Aquilegia elegans

authorship: Salisb.

Aquilegia eminens

authorship: Greene

Aquilegia flaviflora

authorship: Tenney

Aquilegia phoenicantha

authorship: Cory

Aquilegia variegata

authorship: Moench

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MXE MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWH NWJ NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT PEN QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2033 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Agapostemon texanus
Agrotis ipsilon
Ammobia nuda
Anoplius illinoensis
Apoidea
Archytas analis
Attalus scincetus
Auplopus relativus

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Bombus bimaculatus
Agapostemon texanus
Agrotis ipsilon
Anoplius illinoensis
Apis mellifera
Apoidea
Archytas analis

partners:
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Bombus vagans
Erysiphe aquilegiae
Papilio eurymedon
Polistes dominula
Pristiphora rufipes
Scudderia furcata

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Acleris albicomana
Agapostemon sericeus
Agrotis ipsilon
Alydus
Apidae
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus pensylvanicus

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

quote: Compound leaves are distinctly divided into obovate leaflets

quote: is a popular garden perennial because it is hardy, lives approximately 3 to 5 years

quote: Sepals are petal-like and typically red. Petals are yellow and become redder at the tip of the spur

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: aquilegia-chrysantha

scientific: Aquilegia chrysantha

epithet: chrysantha

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 621 (1873)

preferred: Golden Columbine

english:
Golden Columbine
golden columbine

Aquilegia caerulea var. chrysantha

authorship: (A.Gray) Rapaics

Aquilegia chrysantha var. rydbergii

authorship: Munz

Aquilegia formosa var. chrysantha

authorship: (A.Gray) Brühl

Aquilegia leptoceras var. chrysantha

authorship: (A.Gray) Hook.f.

Aquilegia thalictrifolia

authorship: Rydb.

codes: ARI COL MXE MXN NWM TEX UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1912 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 黄花耧斗菜 黃花耬斗菜

names: Водосбор золотистоцветковый

partners:
Hyles lineata
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Philaenus spumarius

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 621


slug: aquilegia-coerulea

scientific: Aquilegia coerulea

epithet: coerulea

published_in: Account Exped. Pittsburgh [ed. Philadelphia] 2: 345, 204. 1823 [late Feb 1823] [London ed.]

preferred: Colorado blue columbine

Aquilegia caerulea var. leptocera

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Nelson

Aquilegia caerulea var. macrantha

authorship: Hook. ex Brühl

Aquilegia canadensis subsp. caerulea

authorship: (E.James) Brühl

Aquilegia coerulea f. glandulosa

authorship: Cockerell

Aquilegia coerulea subsp. albiflora

authorship: Payson

Aquilegia coerulea subsp. alpina

authorship: (A.Nelson) Payson

Aquilegia coerulea subsp. daileyae

authorship: (Eastw.) Payson

Aquilegia coerulea subsp. pinetorum

authorship: (Tidestr.) Payson

Aquilegia coerulea var. daileyae

authorship: Eastw.

Aquilegia coerulea var. macrantha

authorship: Rapaics

Aquilegia formosa var. macrantha

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Brühl

Aquilegia leptocera

authorship: Nutt.

Aquilegia macrantha

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Aquilegia pinetorum

authorship: Tidestr.

codes: ARI COL IDA MNT NEV NWM UTA WYO

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2037 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Colorado blue columbine
Colorado columbine

names: 变色耧斗菜 天藍耬斗菜

names: Водосбор голубой

partners:
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus
Bombus huntii
Bombus insularis
Bombus occidentalis
Coleoptera
Diptera
hummingbird

partners:
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus huntii
Bombus insularis
Bombus occidentalis
Andrena
Bombus bifarius
Ceratina acantha
Colias eurytheme

label: Growth form

value: Single Crown

label: Growth rate

value: moderate


slug: aquilegia-confusa

scientific: Aquilegia confusa

authorship: Rota

epithet: confusa

published_in: Prosp. Fl. Bergamo : 99 (1853)

Aquilegia portae

authorship: Huter

codes: ITA SWI

Italy

code: ITA

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 117 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Einseles Akelei
Kleinblütige Akelei

authors: Rota

published_in: Prosp. Fl. Bergamo 99

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: aquilegia-desertorum

scientific: Aquilegia desertorum

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Cockerell ex A.Heller

epithet: desertorum

published_in: Muhlenbergia i. 27. 1900

preferred: desert columbine

codes: ARI NWM UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 275 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness

authors: (M.E.Jones) Cockerell ex A.Heller

published_in: Muhlenbergia 1: 27


slug: aquilegia-ecalcarata

scientific: Aquilegia ecalcarata

authorship: Maxim.

epithet: ecalcarata

Aquilegia ecalcarata f. semicalcarata

authorship: (Schipcz.) Hand.-Mazz.

Aquilegia semicalcarata

authorship: (Schipcz.) Erst

Semiaquilegia ecalcarata

authorship: (Maxim.) Sprague & Hutch.

name: Semiaquilegia ecalcarata f. semicalcarata

authorship: Schipcz.

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHI CHQ CHT

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Tibet

code: CHT

names: 无距耧斗菜 野前胡

label: Height

authors: Maxim.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-einseleana

scientific: Aquilegia einseleana

epithet: einseleana

published_in: Arch. Fl. France Allemagne : 135 (1848)

Aquilegia bauhini

authorship: Schott

Aquilegia bauhinii var. thalictrifolia

authorship: (Schott & Kotschy) Ces., Pass. & Gibelli

Aquilegia einseleana f. intercedens

authorship: Pamp.

Aquilegia einseleana f. medunensis

authorship: Zenari

Aquilegia einseleana var. bauhinii

authorship: (Schott) Rapaics

Aquilegia einseleana var. portae

authorship: (Huter) Gürke

name: Aquilegia einseleana var. pseudothalictrifolia

name: Aquilegia einseleana var. thalictrifolia

authorship: (Schott & Kotschy) Rapaics

Aquilegia pyrenaica var. einseleana

authorship: (F.W.Schultz) F.W.Schultz

Aquilegia pyrenaica var. thalictrifolia

authorship: (Schott & Kotschy) Fiori & Paol.

Aquilegia thalictrifolia

authorship: Schott & Kotschy

Aquilegia vestinae

authorship: Pfenn. & D.M.Moser

Aquilegia vulgaris var. einseleana

authorship: (F.W.Schultz) Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. thalictrifolia

authorship: (Schott & Kotschy) Brühl

codes: AUT GER ITA YUG

Austria

code: AUT

Germany

code: GER

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 208 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Kleinblütige Akelei
Einseles Akelei

partners:
Andrena florivaga
Lasioglossum glabriusculum
Lasioglossum lineare
Lasioglossum majus
Lasioglossum marginatum
Lasioglossum minutulum
Lasioglossum semilucens
Osmia mustelina

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus jonellus
Bombus pratorum
Bombus sylvestris

label: Life cycle

value: Jun-Jul

published_in: Arch. Fl. France Allem. 135


slug: aquilegia-elegantula

scientific: Aquilegia elegantula

authorship: Greene

epithet: elegantula

preferred: western red columbine

Aquilegia canadensis var. fendleri

authorship: Brühl

codes: ARI COL MXE MXN NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1393 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
western red columbine
shooting-star columbine

label: Pollinated by

authors: Greene

published_in: Pittonia 4(20): 14


slug: aquilegia-eximia

scientific: Aquilegia eximia

authorship: Van Houtte ex Planch.

epithet: eximia

preferred: Van Houtte's columbine

Aquilegia tracyi

authorship: Jeps.

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 431 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Van Houtte's columbine
Serpentine Columbine

names: 蛇紋石耬斗菜 蛇纹石耧斗菜

label: Eaten by

partners:
Calypte anna
Podabrus pruinosus
Selasphorus

label: Photosynthetic pathway

authors: Van Houtte ex Planch.

published_in: Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. Ser. II, ii. (1857) 13. t. 1188


slug: aquilegia-flavescens

scientific: Aquilegia flavescens

epithet: flavescens

published_in: Botany [Fortieth Parallel] : 10 (1871)

preferred: yellow columbine

Aquilegia canadensis subsp. flavescens

authorship: (S.Watson) Brühl

Aquilegia canadensis var. aurea

authorship: Roezl ex Regel

Aquilegia canadensis var. depauperata

authorship: (M.E.Jones) K.C.Davis

Aquilegia canadensis var. flavescens

authorship: (S.Watson) Rapaics

Aquilegia coerulea var. flavescens

authorship: (S.Watson) G.Lawson

Aquilegia flavescens f. minor

authorship: Tidestr.

Aquilegia flavescens var. miniana

authorship: J.F.Macbr. & Payson

Aquilegia formosa var. flavescens

authorship: (S.Watson) Hook.f.

codes: ABT BRC IDA MNT ORE UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1986 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 黄花加拿大耧斗菜 淡黃耬斗菜

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombusbalteatus
Bombusmixtus
Lasioglossum
Thricopsc.f.innocuus
Thricopsc.f.septentrionalis

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus balteatus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus vosnesenskii
Lasioglossum
Melanostoma mellinum

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Misumena vatia

published_in: Botany [Fortieth Parallel] 10


slug: aquilegia-formosa

scientific: Aquilegia formosa

authorship: Fisch. ex DC.

epithet: formosa

preferred: western columbine

Aquilegia californica

authorship: Hartw.

Aquilegia canadensis

authorship: Hook.

Aquilegia canadensis f. arctica

authorship: (G.Don ex Otto & A.Dietr.) Rapaics

Aquilegia canadensis f. truncata

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Rapaics

Aquilegia canadensis subsp. formosa

authorship: (Fisch. ex DC.) Brühl

Aquilegia canadensis var. formosa

authorship: (Fisch. ex DC.) Torr. ex S.Watson

Aquilegia canadensis var. incarnata

authorship: Rapaics

Aquilegia columbiana

authorship: Rydb.

Aquilegia emarginata

authorship: Eastw.

Aquilegia formosa subsp. pauciflora

authorship: (Greene) Payson

Aquilegia formosa subsp. truncata

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Payson

Aquilegia formosa var. arctica

authorship: (Loudon) Planch. ex Brühl

Aquilegia formosa var. pauciflora

authorship: (Greene) Boothman

authorship: Munz

Aquilegia formosa var. truncata

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) M.E.Jones

Aquilegia formosa var. wawawensis

authorship: (Payson) H.St.John

Aquilegia hookeri

authorship: Borbás

Aquilegia truncata

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Aquilegia truncata var. pauciflora

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

Aquilegia wawawensis

authorship: Payson

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL IDA MXE MXN MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

Nevada

code: NEV

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2041 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Aquilegia canadensis

names:
western columbine
Sitka columbine

partners:
Andrena sp.
Apoidea
Bombus mixtus
Lasioglossum cressonii
Papilio rutulus
Selasphorus rufus
Trochilidae
Zerene eurydice

partners:
Bombus fervidus
Papilio rutulus
Andrena
Baccha cognata
Bombus
Bombus appositus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus californicus

partners:
Bombus appositus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus mixtus
Catharus guttatus
Cosmopepla uhleri
Dicymolomia metalliferalis
Papilio eurymedon
Platycheirus trichopus

partners:
Baccha cognata
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus mixtus
Dialictus
Papilio rutulus
Xylocopa tabaniformis orpifex


slug: aquilegia-glandulosa

scientific: Aquilegia glandulosa

authorship: Fisch.

epithet: glandulosa

published_in: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 84 (1822)

Aquilegia alpina var. grandiflora

authorship: (Walp.) DC.

Aquilegia brevicalcarata

authorship: Kolokoln. ex Serg.

Aquilegia discolor

authorship: Steud.

Aquilegia gebleri

authorship: Besser ex Turcz.

Aquilegia glandulosa var. bicolor

authorship: Regel

Aquilegia glandulosa var. concolor

authorship: DC.

Aquilegia glandulosa var. jucunda

authorship: (Fisch. & Avé-Lall.) Baker

Aquilegia grandiflora

authorship: Schangin

authorship: Patr. ex DC.

Aquilegia jucunda

authorship: Fisch. & Avé-Lall.

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Ledeb.

Aquilegia sibirica

authorship: Schur ex Nyman

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. glandulosa

authorship: (Fisch. ex Link) Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. jucunda

authorship: (Fisch. & Avé-Lall.) Hook.f. & Thomson

Aquilegia vulgaris var. gebleri

authorship: Besser ex Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. grandiflora

authorship: Walp.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. jucunda

authorship: (Fisch. & Avé-Lall.) Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. vera

authorship: Brühl

codes: ALT BRY CTA IRK KAZ KRA MON TVA WSB CHX YAK

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 344 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: Jun-Aug

published_in: Cat. Jard. Pl. Gorenki ed. 2, 48; et ex Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. 2: 84


slug: aquilegia-iulia

scientific: Aquilegia iulia

epithet: iulia

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-jonesii

scientific: Aquilegia jonesii

authorship: Parry

epithet: jonesii

published_in: Amer. Naturalist 8: 211 (1874)

preferred: Jones' columbine

Aquilegia jonesii subsp. elatior

authorship: Standl.

Aquilegia jonesii var. elatior

authorship: (Standl.) Boothman

codes: ABT MNT WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Montana

code: MNT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 152 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Jones' columbine
Jones Columbine

names: Водосбор Джоунза

value: perennial

authors: Parry

published_in: Amer. Naturalist viii. (1874) 211

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-longissima

scientific: Aquilegia longissima

authorship: A.Gray ex S.Watson

epithet: longissima

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 317 (1882)

preferred: longspur columbine

Aquilegia coerulea f. longissima

authorship: Rapaics

codes: ARI MXE MXN TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 114 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
longspur columbine
long spur columbine

names: 长距耧斗菜 長蕊耬斗菜

value: herb

authors: A.Gray ex S.Watson

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xvii. (1881-82) 317


slug: aquilegia-micrantha

scientific: Aquilegia micrantha

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: micrantha

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2, 4: 559 (1895)

preferred: Mancos columbine

Aquilegia buergeriana var. ecalcarata

authorship: (Eastw.) K.C.Davis

Aquilegia eastwoodiae

authorship: Rydb.

Aquilegia ecalcarata subsp. micrantha

authorship: (Eastw.) Payson

Aquilegia ecalcarata var. micrantha

authorship: (Eastw.) Kearney & Peebles

Aquilegia flavescens var. rubicunda

authorship: (Tidestr.) S.L.Welsh

Aquilegia grahamii

authorship: S.L.Welsh & Goodrich

Aquilegia lithophila

authorship: Payson

Aquilegia loriae

authorship: S.L.Welsh & N.D.Atwood

Aquilegia mancosana

authorship: (Eastw.) Cockerell

Aquilegia micrantha f. mancosana

authorship: (Eastw.) W.A.Weber

Aquilegia rubicunda

authorship: Tidestr.

Semiaquilegia eastwoodiae

authorship: J.R.Drumm. & Hutch.

codes: ARI COL UTA

Colorado

code: COL

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 130 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mancos columbine
alcove columbine

value: non-woody

authors: Eastw.

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, 4: 559, pl. 19

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-nigricans

scientific: Aquilegia nigricans

authorship: Baumg.

epithet: nigricans

published_in: Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 2: 104 (1816)

preferred: Bulgarian Columbine

Aquilegia atrata var. macrantha

authorship: Schur

Aquilegia longisepala

authorship: Zimm.

Aquilegia ullepitschii

authorship: Pax

Aquilegia vulgaris f. sternbergii

authorship: (Rchb.) Rapaics

Aquilegia vulgaris var. alpestris

authorship: Kitt.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. nigricans

authorship: (Baumg.) Schur

authorship: (Baumg.) Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. sooi

authorship: E.Kovacs ex Soó

Aquilegia vulgaris var. sternbergii

authorship: (Rchb.) Baker

codes: CZE HUN POL ROM UKR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Hungary

code: HUN

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

Ukraine

code: UKR

region: Eastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 168 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: DD

label: Data Deficient

names:
Bulgarian Columbine
Blackish Columbine

names: Водосбор чернеющий

names: Орлики чорніючі

label: Life form

authors: Baumg.

published_in: Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 2: 104


slug: aquilegia-olympica

scientific: Aquilegia olympica

authorship: Boiss.

epithet: olympica

Aquilegia blanda

authorship: Lem.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. caucasica

authorship: Ledeb.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. olympica

authorship: (Boiss.) Baker

authorship: (Boiss.) Parsa

codes: IRN TUR TUE

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

Türkiye

code: TUR

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 372 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 青莲耧斗菜 高加索耬斗菜

names: Водосбор олимпийский

value: May-Aug

authors: Boiss.

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 16: 360


slug: aquilegia-oxysepala

scientific: Aquilegia oxysepala

authorship: Trautv. & C.A.Mey.

epithet: oxysepala

Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala

authorship: (Trautv. & C.A.Mey.) Kitam.

Aquilegia oxysepala f. pallidiflora

authorship: (Nakai ex T.Mori) Kitag.

Aquilegia oxysepala var. pallidiflora

authorship: Nakai ex T.Mori

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. oxysepala

authorship: (Trautv. & C.A.Mey.) Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. mandshurica

authorship: Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. oxysepala

authorship: (Trautv. & C.A.Mey.) Regel

codes: AMU CHN CTA CHI JAP KHA KOR CHM PRM

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 211 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 尖萼耧斗菜 耧斗菜

names:
Водосбор острочашелистиковый
Водосбор острочашечный

value: 1 m

authors: Trautv. & C.A.Mey.

published_in: in Middend. Reise (Fl. Ochot. 10)

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-pubescens

scientific: Aquilegia pubescens

authorship: Coville

epithet: pubescens

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 4: 56 (1893)

preferred: Sierra columbine

Aquilegia coerulea f. pubescens

authorship: (Coville) Rapaics

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 935 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus
Hyles lineata
Sphingidae
Trochilidae

authors: Coville

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 4: 56, pl. 1


slug: aquilegia-pyrenaica

scientific: Aquilegia pyrenaica

authorship: DC.

epithet: pyrenaica

Aquilegia alpina

authorship: Lam.

Aquilegia beata

authorship: Rapaics

Aquilegia discolor var. aragonensis

authorship: (Willk.) Gürke

Aquilegia pyrenaica f. aragonensis

authorship: (Willk.) Willk.

Aquilegia pyrenaica var. discolor

authorship: (Levier & Leresche) Willk.

Aquilegia pyrenaica var. macrantha

authorship: Fisch.

Aquilegia viscosa

authorship: Suffren ex Rchb.

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. pyrenaica

authorship: (DC.) Hook.f. & Thomson

Aquilegia vulgaris var. discolor

authorship: (Levier & Leresche) Brühl

Aquilegia vulgaris var. pyrenaica

authorship: (DC.) Walp.

Aquilina pyrenaea

authorship: Bubani

codes: FRA SPA

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 141 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pyranean Columbine
Pyrenean Columbine

names:
troed-y-golomen Pyreneaidd
Madwysg Pyreneaidd

partners:
Bombus hortorum
Bombus pratorum
Bombus sylvestris

authors: DC.

published_in: Fl. Franc. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3. 4: 912


slug: aquilegia-scopulorum

scientific: Aquilegia scopulorum

authorship: Tidestr.

epithet: scopulorum

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 167 (1910)

preferred: Utah columbine

Aquilegia scopulorum subsp. perplexans

authorship: Clokey

Aquilegia scopulorum var. calcarea

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Munz

codes: NEV UTA

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 104 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Utah columbine
blue columbine

names: Водосбор скальный

authors: Tidestr.

published_in: Midl. Naturalist (Notre Dame) 1: 167, pl. 11

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: aquilegia-shockleyi

scientific: Aquilegia shockleyi

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: shockleyi

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 193 (1905)

Aquilegia formosa subsp. caelifax

authorship: Payson

Aquilegia formosa var. caelifax

authorship: (Payson) Munz

Aquilegia mohavensis

authorship: Munz

codes: CAL NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 54 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sitka columbine
Western Columbine

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 193


slug: aquilegia-sibirica

scientific: Aquilegia sibirica

authorship: Lam.

epithet: sibirica

Aquilegia bicolor

authorship: Ehrh.

Aquilegia sibirica var. bicolor

authorship: Regel

Aquilegia sibirica var. concolor

authorship: Ledeb.

Aquilegia sibirica var. ircutiana

authorship: Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.

Aquilegia sibirica var. media

authorship: Rapaics

Aquilegia speciosa

authorship: DC.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. daurica

authorship: Willd.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. sibirica

authorship: L.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. speciosa

authorship: Aiton

codes: ALT BRY IRK KAZ KRA MON TVA WSB CHX YAK

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1035 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lam.

published_in: Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 1(1): 150


slug: aquilegia-skinneri

scientific: Aquilegia skinneri

authorship: Hook.

epithet: skinneri

Aquilegia canadensis subsp. skinneri

authorship: (Hook.) Brühl

Aquilegia madrensis

authorship: Rose

Aquilegia schinneri

authorship: Poit.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

region: Central America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 74 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Водосбор Скиннера

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Hook.


slug: aquilegia-viridiflora

scientific: Aquilegia viridiflora

authorship: Pall.

epithet: viridiflora

published_in: Acta Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 2: 260 (1779)

Aquilegia atropurpurea var. dahurica

authorship: (Patrin) DC.

Aquilegia buriatica

authorship: Peschkova

Aquilegia dahurica

authorship: Patr.

Aquilegia hybrida

authorship: Sims.

Aquilegia viridiflora f. atropurpurea

authorship: (Willd.) Kitag.

Aquilegia viridiflora var. atropurpurea

authorship: (Willd.) Finet & Gagnep.

codes: AMU BRY CHN CTA CHI JAP CHM MON CHQ TVA

Amur

code: AMU

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Manchuria

code: CHM

Qinghai

code: CHQ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 154 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Green Columbine
Green-flowered Columbine

names: 耧斗菜 绿花耧斗菜

names: Водосбор зеленоцветковый

names: Ногоон Удвал

authors: Pall.


slug: aquilegia-vulgaris

scientific: Aquilegia vulgaris

epithet: vulgaris

preferred: common columbine

english:
common columbine
Columbine
European columbine

Aquilegia alba

authorship: Huftelen

Aquilegia bertolonii var. parviflora

authorship: Huter, Porta & Rigo

Aquilegia collina

authorship: Jord.

Aquilegia corniculata

authorship: Vill.

Aquilegia cornuta

authorship: Gilib.

Aquilegia cyclophylla

authorship: Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.

Aquilegia ebneri

authorship: Zimm.

Aquilegia ecalcarata

authorship: Steud.

Aquilegia eynensis

authorship: Brühl

Aquilegia glaucescens

authorship: Baker

Aquilegia huteri

authorship: Borbás

Aquilegia inversa

authorship: Mill.

Aquilegia longisepala

authorship: Zimmeter

Aquilegia mollis

authorship: Jeanb. ex Timb.-Lagr.

Aquilegia nigricans var. ebneri

authorship: (Zimmeter) Beck

Aquilegia nivea

authorship: Baumg. ex Baker

Aquilegia ochroleuca

authorship: Baumg. ex Schur

Aquilegia platysepala

authorship: Rchb.

Aquilegia plena

authorship: hort. ex Steud.

Aquilegia ruscinonensis

authorship: Timb.-Lagr. & Jeanb.

Aquilegia silvestris

authorship: Neck.

Aquilegia subalpina

authorship: Boreau

Aquilegia sylvestris

authorship: Schur

Aquilegia versicolor

authorship: Salisb.

Aquilegia vulgaris f. aggericola

authorship: (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud

Aquilegia vulgaris f. arbascensis

authorship: (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy & Foucaud

Aquilegia vulgaris f. cyclophylla

authorship: (Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy & Foucaud

Aquilegia vulgaris f. mollis

authorship: (Jeanb. ex Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy & Foucaud

Aquilegia vulgaris f. subalpina

authorship: (Boreau) Rouy & Foucaud

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. hispanica

authorship: (Willk.) Heywood

Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. subalpina

authorship: (Boreau) B.Bock

Aquilegia vulgaris var. aggericola

authorship: (Jord.) Gürke

Aquilegia vulgaris var. arbascensis

authorship: (Timb.-Lagr.) Gürke

Aquilegia vulgaris var. corniculata

authorship: (Vill.) Steud.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. cyclophylla

authorship: (Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.) Gürke

Aquilegia vulgaris var. elegans

authorship: C.Pope ex Steud.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. glabra

authorship: Heuff.

name: Aquilegia vulgaris var. glandulosopilosa

Aquilegia vulgaris var. hispanica

authorship: Willk.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. huteri

authorship: Fiori

Aquilegia vulgaris var. incisa

authorship: Beck

Aquilegia vulgaris var. longisepala

authorship: (Zimmeter) Brühl

authorship: (Zimm.) Gürke

Aquilegia vulgaris var. mollis

authorship: (Jeanb. ex Timb.-Lagr.) Gürke

Aquilegia vulgaris var. nivea

authorship: (Baumg. ex Baker) Rchb.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. platysepala

authorship: (Rchb.) Mert.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. pratensis

authorship: Kitt.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. pseudoatrata

authorship: Erdner

Aquilegia vulgaris var. rifiensis

authorship: Pau

Aquilegia vulgaris var. ruscinonensis

authorship: (Timb.-Lagr. & Jeanb.) Gürke

Aquilegia vulgaris var. subalpina

authorship: (Boreau) Zimmeter

Aquilegia vulgaris var. subtomentosa

authorship: Čelak.

Aquilegia vulgaris var. varia

authorship: Neilr.

Aquilina vulgaris

authorship: (L.) Bubani

codes: ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET RUW POL POR ROM SIC SPA SWI

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1985 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

Stearic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Cosmetic FLavor Hypocholesterolemic Lubricant Perfumery Propecic Suppository

Magnoflorine

activities: Antibacterial Antineuromuscular Antispasmodic CNS-Depressant Curaroid Hypotensive PAF-Inhibitor Paralytic

Hcn

activities: Antiasthmatic Antidote Antitussive Bronchosedative Insecticide Pesticide Respirastimulant Rodenticide

Lauric-acid

activities: Antibacterial Antioxidant Antiviral COX-1-Inhibitor COX-2-Inhibitor Candidicide Hypercholesterolemic

Caprylic-acid

activities: Antiseptic Candidicide Fungicide Irritant Pesticide

Myristic-acid

activities: Antioxidant Cancer-Preventive Cosmetic Hypercholesterolemic Lubricant Nematicide

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Ancolie commune, Ancolie vulgaire, Clochette

names: Орлики звичайні

partners:
Bombus hortorum
Bombus terrestris
Aglais io
Andrena florivaga
Bombus
Bombus hypnorum
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus lucorum

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus terrestris
Aglais io
Archilochus colubris
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus centralis
Bombus hortorum
Bombus hypnorum

partners:
Bombus hortorum
Apis mellifera
Bombus flavifrons
Erysiphe aquilegiae
Leptoglossus occidentalis
Lon hobomok
Oxythyrea funesta
Phytomyza aquilegiae

partners:
Goniocotes chapini
Mamestra brassicae
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: arabidella-nasturtium

scientific: Arabidella nasturtium

authorship: (F.Muell.) E.A.Shaw

genus: Arabidella

epithet: nasturtium

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Australia 79: 191 (1965)

Blennodia nasturtioides

authorship: (F.Muell.) Benth.

Blennodia nasturtium

authorship: (F.Muell.) Druce

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: annual or subshrub

value: annual

authors: (F.Muell.) E.A.Shaw

published_in: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Australia lxxxix. 191 (1965)


slug: arabidella-trisecta

scientific: Arabidella trisecta

epithet: trisecta

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

value: shrub

value: woody

published_in: Pflanzenr. Crucif.-Sisymbr. 179 (1924)

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arabidopsis-arenicola

scientific: Arabidopsis arenicola

authorship: (Richardson) Al-Shehbaz, Elven, D.F.Murray & Warwick

genus: Arabidopsis

epithet: arenicola

preferred: rockcress

source: usda

Arabis arenicola

authorship: (Richardson ex Hook.) Gelert

Arabis arenicola var. pubescens

authorship: (S.Watson) Gelert

Arabis humifusa

authorship: (J.Vahl) S.Watson

Cardaminopsis arenicola

authorship: Á.Löve & D.Löve

Eutrema arenicola

authorship: Richardson

Parrya arenicola

authorship: (Richardson) Hook.f.

codes: GNL LAB MAN NUN ONT QUE SAS

Greenland

code: GNL

region: Subarctic America

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Manitoba

code: MAN

region: Western Canada

Nunavut

code: NUN

Ontario

code: ONT

Québec

code: QUE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

names:
Arctic rock-cress
arctic rockcress

names:
arabette arctique
arabette des sables

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol ARAR32

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arabidopsis-arenosa

scientific: Arabidopsis arenosa

authorship: (L.) Lawalrée

epithet: arenosa

published_in: Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 92: 242 (1960)

Arabidopsis borbasii

authorship: (O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz) A.P.Iljinsk.

Arabis arenaria

authorship: Schrank

Arabis arenosa

authorship: (L.) Scop.

Arabis arenosa subsp. borbasii

authorship: Zapał.

Arabis arenosa var. borbasii

authorship: Zapal.

Arabis arenosa var. dependens

authorship: Borbás

Arabis freynii

authorship: Brügger

Arabis halleri

authorship: Luce

Arabis intermedia

authorship: Freyn

Arabis segetalis

authorship: Schur

Cardamine arenosa

authorship: (L.) Roth

Cardamine petraea

authorship: Townson

Cardaminopsis arenosa

authorship: (L.) Hayek

Cardaminopsis arenosa subsp. arenosa

authorship: Hayek

Cardaminopsis arenosa subsp. borbasii

authorship: (Zapał.) Pawl.

Cardaminopsis arenosa var. multijuga

authorship: Kotov

Cardaminopsis borbasii

authorship: (Zapał.) H.Hess, Landolt & Hirzel

Cardaminopsis carpatica

authorship: Mesicek

Cardaminopsis multijuga

authorship: (Borbás) Czerep.

Sisymbrium arenosum

authorship: L.

Turritis arenosa

authorship: Lapeyr.

codes: AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN FRA GER HUN ITA YUG POL ROM SWI UKR GNL

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

lifeform: annual or perennial

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1972 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sand Rock-Cress
Sand Rockcress

names: Резуховидка песчаная

names: Sand-Schmalwand Sand-Schaumkresse

names:
Arabette des sables
Cardaminopsis des sables

names: Гусимка піскова

names:
Almindelig sandkarse
Sand-gåsemad

names: hietalituruoho Hietapitkäpalko

names: Разуха пясчаная

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names


slug: arabidopsis-halleri

scientific: Arabidopsis halleri

authorship: (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz

epithet: halleri

Anemone dacica

authorship: Freyn ex Borbás

Arabidopsis gemmifera

authorship: (Matsum.) Kadota

Arabidopsis halleri var. umezawana

authorship: (Kadota) Yonek.

Arabidopsis ovirensis

authorship: (O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz) A.P.Iljinsk.

Arabidopsis stolonifera

authorship: (Hornem.) A.P.Iljinsk.

Arabidopsis umezawana

authorship: Kadota

Arabis dacica

authorship: Heuff. ex Griseb. & Schenk

Arabis docica

authorship: Fuss

Arabis gemmifera

authorship: Makino

Arabis halleri var. dacica

authorship: Heuff.

Arabis halleri var. tatrica

authorship: Pawł.

Arabis multicaulis

authorship: Bell. ex DC.

Arabis ovirensis

authorship: Wulfen

authorship: Wulf.

Arabis ovirensis var. dacica

authorship: (Heuff. ex Fronius) Heuff.

Arabis stolonifera

authorship: Clairv. ex DC.

authorship: (Scop.) Hornem.

Arabis tenella

authorship: Host

Cardamine diversifolia

authorship: Sternb. & Hoppe

Cardamine gemmifera

authorship: Matsum.

Cardamine halleri

authorship: (L.) Prantl

Cardamine stolonifera

authorship: Scop.

Cardaminopsis gemmifera

authorship: (Matsum.) Berkut.

Cardaminopsis halleri subsp. ovirensis

authorship: Hegi & E.Schmid

Cardaminopsis halleri subsp. tatrica

authorship: (Pawł.) Dostál ex Měsíček

Cardaminopsis ovirensis

authorship: (Wulfen) O.Schwarz

authorship: (Wulfen) Jáv.

Erysimum halleri

authorship: Kuntze

codes: JAP KAM KHA KOR MAG CHM PRM SAK TAI YAK ALB AUT CZE GER ITA YUG POL ROM SWI UKR

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Magadan

code: MAG

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Taiwan

code: TAI

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 397 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Резушка Галлера

names:
Arabette de Haller
Fausse arabette de Haller

names: Гусимка Галлера

partners:
Arabidopsis halleri partitivirus 1
Cucumber mosaic virus

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: arabidopsis-lyrata

scientific: Arabidopsis lyrata

authorship: (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz

epithet: lyrata

preferred: lyrate rockcress

Arabis lyrata

authorship: L.

Cardamine spathulata

authorship: Michx.

Cardaminopsis lyrata

authorship: (L.) Hiitonen

Erysimum lyratum

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Hesperis humifusa

authorship: (J.Vahl) Kuntze

Sisymbrium arabidoides

authorship: Hook.

codes: AMU BRY CTA IRK JAP KAM KHA KOR KRA KUR MAG CHM PRM SAK TAI WSB YAK AUT CZE RUE FIN FOR GER GRB HUN ICE IRE ITA RUN NOR SWE UKR ALA ASK ABT ALU BRC CNT DEL WDC GEO ILL INI IOW KTY MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA NWT OHI ONT PEN SAS TEN VER VRG WAS WVA WIS YUK

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

region: Siberia

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

Føroyar

code: FOR

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Hungary

code: HUN

Iceland

code: ICE

Ireland

code: IRE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1996 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Резушка лировидная

partners:
Anthocharis midea
Bombylius pygmaeus
Ceratina calcarata
Elkalyce comyntas
Euchloe olympia
Incisalia niphon
Lycaena hypophlaeas
Mitoura gryneus


slug: arabidopsis-suecica

scientific: Arabidopsis suecica

authorship: (Fr.) Norrl. ex O.E.Schulz

epithet: suecica

published_in: Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 2: 12 (1878)

Arabis arenosa subsp. suecica

authorship: (Fr.) Ahlfv.

Arabis arenosa var. suecica

authorship: (Fr.) Cajander

Arabis suecica

authorship: Fr.

authorship: (Fr.) Nyman

Cardaminopsis suecica

authorship: (Fr.) Hiitonen ex Hyl.

authorship: (Fr.) Hiitonen

Hylandra suecica

authorship: (Fr.) Á.Löve

Stenophragma suecicum

authorship: (Fr.) Čelak. ex Prantl

codes: RUE FIN RUW SWE

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

Sweden

code: SWE

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Läkekungsljus
Mörkt kungsljus

names:
Flerfarvet Ærenpris
Hjertebladet Kongelys

names: ruotsinlituruoho Peltotädyke

names: Hjartekongslys Mørkkongslys

authors: (Fr.) Norrl. ex O.E.Schulz

published_in: Pflanzenr. IV. 105(Heft 86): 275


slug: arabidopsis-thaliana

scientific: Arabidopsis thaliana

authorship: (L.) Heynh.

epithet: thaliana

preferred: Mouse-ear Cress

english:
Mouse-ear Cress
Thale Cress
mouseear cress
thale cress

source: wikidata

Arabidopsis thaliana var. brachycarpa

authorship: Andr.

Arabidopsis thaliana var. genuina

authorship: Briq.

Arabidopsis thaliana var. pusilla

authorship: (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) O.E.Schulz

Arabis arcuata

authorship: Dulac

Arabis parviflora

authorship: Raf.

Arabis pubicalyx

authorship: Miq.

Arabis ramosa

authorship: Lam.

Arabis scabra

authorship: Gilib.

Arabis thaliana var. dentata

authorship: Hartm.

Arabis thaliana var. pubicalyx

authorship: (Miq.) Makino

Arabis zeyheriana

authorship: Turcz.

Cardamine pusilla

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Conringia thaliana

authorship: (L.) Rchb.

authorship: Rchb.

Crucifera thaliana

authorship: (L.) E.H.L.Krause

Erysimum pubicalyx

authorship: (Miq.) Kuntze

Erysimum thalianum

authorship: (L.) Kitt.

Nasturtium thaliana

authorship: (L.) Andrz. ex DC.

Phryne gesneri

authorship: Bubani

Pilosella thaliana

authorship: (L.) Kostel. ex Rydb.

Sisymbrium pumilio

authorship: Oliv.

Sisymbrium thalianum

authorship: (L.) J.Gay

authorship: (L.) Gaudin

Stenophragma thalianum

authorship: (L.) Čelak.

codes: ALG AZO CNY CVI ZAI DJI ERI ETH KEN LBY MDR MOR RWA SOM SUD TAN TUN UGA AFG ALT CHN CHC CHS CYP EAI IRN JAP KAZ KGZ KOR KRA LBS MON NCS PAL SAU TZK CHT TCS TVA TUR UZB WSB CHX EHM NEP PAK WHM ALB AUT BAL BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRI KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Cape Verde

code: CVI

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Djibouti

code: DJI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Morocco

code: MOR

Rwanda

code: RWA

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Tunisia

code: TUN

Uganda

code: UGA

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Altay

code: ALT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2001 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names: Резушка Таля

names:
Гусимка звичайна
Різушка Таля

names: תודרנית לבנה

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena flavipes
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata

partners:
Andrena flavipes
Anthocharis cardamines
Anthocharis midea
Celastrina argiolus
Lycaena phlaeas
Pieris napi
Platycheirus clypeatus
Andrena afrensis

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Cauchas rufimitrella

partners:
Lipaphis erysimi
Myzus persicae
Pieris napi
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser

partners:
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Meloidogyne hapla
Meloidogyne incognita
Tylenchomorpha

partners:
Albugo candida
Albugo laibachii
Alternaria brassicicola
Arabidopsis latent virus-1
Azorhizobium caulinodans
Bean yellow dwarf virus
Beet curly top Iran virus-[Siv]
Botrytis cinerea

partners: Enterobacteriaceae Flavobacterium Gammaproteobacteria Massilia


slug: arabis-aculeolata

scientific: Arabis aculeolata

authorship: Greene

genus: Arabis

epithet: aculeolata

published_in: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 69 (1910)

preferred: Waldo rockcress

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 176 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: GIFT

published_in: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 69

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arabis-alpina

scientific: Arabis alpina

authorship: L.

epithet: alpina

preferred: alpine rockcress

Arabidium alpestre

authorship: Spach

Arabidium alpinum

authorship: (L.) Fourr.

Arabidium saxaticola

authorship: Fourr.

Arabis albida var. brevifolia

authorship: (DC.) Boiss.

Arabis albida var. elata

authorship: Sprague

Arabis alpina f. impudica

authorship: Greuter & J.Zaffran

Arabis alpina f. phyllopetala

authorship: Fernald

Arabis alpina subsp. cantabrica

authorship: (Leresche & Levier) Greuter & Burdet

Arabis alpina subsp. merinoi

authorship: (Pau) Silva Pando, Rodr.Gracia & Valdés Berm.

Arabis alpina var. clusiana

authorship: (Schrank) DC.

Arabis alpina var. commutata

authorship: Pau & Font Quer

Arabis alpina var. minor

authorship: Lange

Arabis brevifolia

authorship: DC.

Arabis cantabrica

authorship: Leresche & Levier

Arabis caucasica subsp. brevifolia

authorship: (DC.) Cullen

Arabis caucasica var. leiopoda

authorship: Pau

Arabis clusiana

authorship: Schrank

Arabis crispata

authorship: Willd.

Arabis grandiflora

authorship: Royle ex Hook.f. & Thomson

Arabis incana

authorship: Moench

Arabis janitrix

authorship: Quézel

Arabis leptocarpaea

authorship: Fisch. ex Rchb.

Arabis lerchenfeldiana

authorship: Schur

Arabis linneana

authorship: Wettst.

Arabis merinoi

authorship: Pau ex Merino

Arabis minor

authorship: Hort.Berol. ex DC.

Arabis monticola

authorship: Jord.

Arabis moschata

authorship: hort. ex Rchb.

Arabis nana

authorship: Simonk.

Arabis pieninica

authorship: Woł.

Arabis sicula

authorship: A.Huet ex Reut.

Arabis undulata

authorship: Link

Erysimum wettsteinianum

authorship: Kuntze

codes: ZAI ERI ETH KEN RWA SOM TAN UGA EAI KRA LBS TUR WSB ALB AUT BUL COR CZE FIN FRA FOR GER GRB HUN ICE ITA YUG RUN NOR POL ROM SPA SVA SWE SWI UKR GNL LAB NFL NUN QUE

DR Congo

code: ZAI

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1484 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Резуха альпийская

names:
Arabette des Alpes
Arabette des Alpes, Corbeille d'argent

partners:
Bradysia
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Aglais io
Aglais urticae
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthocharis cardamines

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: arabis-arabiformis

scientific: Arabis arabiformis

authorship: (Hohenw.) Soldano

epithet: arabiformis

published_in: Atti Ist. Bot. Lab. Crittog. Univ. Pavia, ser. 7, 7: 11 (1988 publ. 1989)

Arabis procurrens var. vochinensis

authorship: (Spreng.) Govaerts

Arabis vochinensis

authorship: Spreng.

Draba arabiformis

authorship: Hohenw.

Draba mollis

authorship: Scop.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Hohenw.) Soldano

published_in: Atti Ist. Bot. Lab. Crittog. Univ. Pavia Ser. 7, 7: 11

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arabis-auriculata

scientific: Arabis auriculata

authorship: Lam.

epithet: auriculata

Arabis aspera

authorship: All.

Arabis auriculata var. malinvaldiana

authorship: (Rouy & Coincy) Batt.

Arabis auriculata var. sinaica

authorship: (Boiss.) Boiss.

Arabis cadmea

authorship: Boiss.

Arabis dasycarpa

authorship: Andrz. ex DC.

Arabis malinvaldiana

authorship: Rouy & Coincy

Arabis patula

authorship: (Ehrh.) Weinm.

Arabis recta

authorship: Vill.

Arabis recta var. dasycarpa

authorship: (Andrz. ex DC.) Breistr.

Arabis rigida

authorship: Wallr.

Sisymbrium sewerzowi

authorship: Regel

Turritis auriculata

authorship: (Lam.) Fourr.

Turritis patula

authorship: Ehrh.

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN AFG IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS NCS OMA PAL SAU SIN TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB CHX PAK WHM ALB AUT BLR BUL RUC CZE RUE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWI UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Oman

code: OMA

region: Arabian Peninsula

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Sinai

code: SIN

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

region: China

Pakistan

code: PAK

region: Indian Subcontinent

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 310 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Резуха прямая

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Aphis spiraephaga
Brachycarenus tigrinus
Brassicogethes subaeneus
Brevicoryne brassicae
Ceutorhynchus griseus
Ceutorhynchus nanus
Eurydema dominulus

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: arabis-blepharophylla

scientific: Arabis blepharophylla

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

epithet: blepharophylla

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. : 321 (1838)

preferred: Coast Rockcress

english:
Coast Rockcress
rose rockcress

Erysimum blepharophyllum

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 789 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rose rockcress
Coast Rockcress

names:
Kalifornisk trav
Soltrav

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

source: USDA PLANTS

authors: Hook. & Arn.

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. 321


slug: arabis-caucasica

scientific: Arabis caucasica

authorship: Willd.

epithet: caucasica

published_in: Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol., Suppl.: 45 (1814)

Arabis albida

authorship: Steven ex Fisch.

authorship: Steven

Arabis alpina

authorship: Georgi

Arabis alpina subsp. caucasica

authorship: (Willd.) Briq.

Arabis alpina subsp. flavescens

authorship: (Gris) Hayek

Arabis alpina var. flavescens

authorship: Griseb.

Arabis billardierei

authorship: DC.

Arabis caucasica subsp. flavescens

authorship: (Griseb.) F.K.Mey.

Arabis caucasica var. dolichothrix

authorship: (N.Busch) Grossh.

Arabis dolichothrix

authorship: (N.Busch) N.Busch

Arabis flaviflora

authorship: Bunge

Arabis olympica

authorship: Sibth. ex DC.

Arabis tenorei

authorship: A.Huet ex Nyman

Arabis thyrsoidea

authorship: Sm.

Cardamine viscosa

authorship: S.G.Gmel. ex DC.

Cheiranthus mollis

authorship: Hornem.

Erysimum albidum

authorship: Kuntze

codes: ALG MOR EAI IRN IRQ LBS NCS PAL SAU TCS TKM TUR YEM ALB BUL GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG SIC

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Yemen

code: YEM

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

Krym

code: KRY

region: Eastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sicilia

code: SIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 824 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Aglais urticae
Anthomyia
Apis mellifera
Bombus monticola
Bombus sylvestris
Lucilia
Pollenia rudis
Scatophaga

partners:
Hauptidia distinguenda
Aglais caschmirensis
Apis mellifera
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus

partners:
Erysiphe cruciferarum
Podosphaera drabae

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: arabis-ciliata-clairv

scientific: Arabis ciliata

authorship: Clairv.

epithet: ciliata

published_in: Man. Herbor. Suisse 222 1811

Arabis alpestris

authorship: Schleich. ex Rchb.

Arabis arcuata

authorship: Shuttlew. ex Godet

Arabis cenisia

authorship: Reut.

Arabis ciliata

authorship: Nyman

Arabis corymbiflora

authorship: Vest

Arabis corymbiflora var. glabrata

authorship: Thell.

Arabis integrifolia

authorship: Lapeyr.

Arabis stricta

authorship: Sieber ex Tausch

Arabis subnitens

authorship: Jord.

Erysimum alpestre

authorship: (Schleich. ex Rchb.) Kuntze

Erysimum rupestre

authorship: (Hoppe ex Röhl.) Kuntze

Turrita arcuata

authorship: (Shuttlew. ex Godet) Bubani

Turritis alpestris

authorship: Schleich.

Turritis alpina

authorship: L.

Turritis cenisia

authorship: Fourr.

Turritis ciliata

authorship: Hoffm.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arabette ciliee
Arabette ciliée

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Pieris rapae
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthocharis scolymus


slug: arabis-ciliata-reyn-r-br

authorship: (Reyn.) R.Br.

names:
Bewimperte Gaensekresse
Bewimperte Gänsekresse


slug: arabis-collina

scientific: Arabis collina

authorship: Ten.

epithet: collina

published_in: Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): XXXIX (1812)

Arabis collina subsp. muricola

authorship: (Jord.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Arabis collina subsp. rosea

authorship: (DC.) L.Minuto

Arabis collina var. balearica

authorship: (Porta) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Arabis collina var. muralis

authorship: (Bertol.) L.Minuto

Arabis humilis

authorship: Schleich. ex DC.

Arabis minor

authorship: Vill.

Arabis mrkvickana

authorship: Velen.

Arabis muralis

authorship: Bertol.

Arabis muralis subsp. collina

authorship: (DC.) Thell.

Arabis olympica

authorship: Stoyanov & Jordanov

Arabis tenella

authorship: Guss. & Ten.

Erysimum collinum

authorship: Kuntze

Erysimum murale

authorship: (Fourr.) Kuntze

Turrita collina

authorship: Bubani

Turritis humilis

authorship: Schleich. ex W.D.J.Koch

Turritis minor

authorship: Schleich. ex Willd.

codes: ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA YUG SAR SIC SPA SWI

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Sardegna

code: SAR

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

region: Middle Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Резуха холмовая

names: Mauer-Gänsekresse Hügel-Gänsekresse

names: Arabette des collines, Arabette des murailles

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthocharis cardamines
Aphis spiraephaga
Brachycarenus tigrinus

value: hemicryptophyte


slug: arabis-eschscholtziana-andrz-ex-ledeb

scientific: Arabis eschscholtziana

authorship: Andrz. ex Ledeb.

epithet: eschscholtziana

preferred: Eschscholtz's hairy rockcress

Arabis stelleri var. eschscholtziana

authorship: (Andrz.) N.Busch

codes: ASK ABT ALU BRC CAL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 101 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Eschscholtz's hairy rockcress
Eschscholtz's rockcress

value: biennial

authors: Andrz. ex Ledeb.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol ARES5

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arabis-eschscholtziana-andrz

authorship: Andrz.

Arabis hirsuta subsp. eschscholtziana

authorship: (Andrz. ex Ledeb.) Hultén

Arabis hirsuta var. eschscholtziana

authorship: (Andrz. ex Ledeb.) Rollins

Arabis hirsuta var. glabrata

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Arabis rupestris

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

Turritis spathulata

authorship: Nutt.


slug: arabis-georgiana

scientific: Arabis georgiana

epithet: georgiana

preferred: Georgia rockcress

codes: ALA GEO

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Georgia

code: GEO

lifeform: biennial

published_in: Torreya 3: 88

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: arabis-hirsuta

scientific: Arabis hirsuta

authorship: (L.) Scop.

epithet: hirsuta

preferred: hairy rockcress

Arabidopsis yadungensis

authorship: K.C.Kuan & C.H.An

Arabis accedens

authorship: Jord.

Arabis conferta

authorship: Willd. ex Rchb.

Arabis contracta

authorship: Spenn.

Arabis curtisiliqua

authorship: DC.

Arabis glastifolia

authorship: Rchb.

Arabis hibernica

authorship: Wilmott

Arabis hirsuta f. angustifolia

authorship: (Vis.) Nikolic

Arabis hirsuta f. exauriculata

authorship: Kurtz

Arabis hirsuta f. platystigma

authorship: Beck

Arabis hirsuta subsp. hornungiana

authorship: (Schur) Soják

Arabis hirsuta subsp. nipponica

authorship: (Franch. & Sav.) Kitam.

Arabis hirsuta subsp. sessilifolia

authorship: Gaudin

Arabis hirsuta var. ovata

authorship: (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray

Arabis hirsuta var. purpurea

authorship: Y.Z.Lan & T.Y.Cheo

Arabis incana

authorship: Roth

Arabis marschalliana

authorship: hort. ex Steud.

Arabis montana

authorship: Lam.

Arabis nemoralis

authorship: Steud.

Arabis platystigma

authorship: (Beck) Beck

Arabis reichenbachii

authorship: Syme

Arabis retziana

authorship: Beurl. ex Nyman

Erysimum hirsutum

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

authorship: (L.) Crantz

Erysimum hirtum

authorship: Crantz

Turritis accedens

authorship: Fourr.

Turritis gerardiana

authorship: Ramond ex DC.

Turritis hirsuta

authorship: L.

Turritis multiflora

authorship: Lapeyr.

Turritis raji

authorship: J.Presl & C.Presl

Turritis stenopetala

authorship: Willd.

codes: ALG MOR AMU CHN CHC CHS CHI IRN IRQ JAP KAM KAZ KHA KOR KUR MAG CHM MON PRM CHQ SAK CHT TCS TUR CHX ALB AUT BLT BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRY YUG NET NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1039 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Behaarte Gänsekresse
Gewoehnliche Rauhaar-Gaensekresse

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena nigroaenea
Andrena niveata

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Anthomyia
Pieris napi
Pieris rapae
Platycheirus albimanus
Scathophaga stercoraria
Syritta pipiens
Andrena afrensis

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Ceutorhynchus unguicularis
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Ammoconia caecimacula
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: arabis-juressi

scientific: Arabis juressi

authorship: Rothm.

epithet: juressi

authors: Rothm.

published_in: Agron. Lusit. 1940, ii. 79

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: arabis-nordmanniana

scientific: Arabis nordmanniana

authorship: Rupr.

epithet: nordmanniana

Arabis stylosa

authorship: Boiss. & Balansa

codes: NCS TCS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 123 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Резуха Нордманна

value: Mar-May

authors: Rupr.

published_in: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7. 15(2): 72


slug: arabis-parvula

scientific: Arabis parvula

authorship: Dufour

epithet: parvula

Arabis brachypoda

authorship: Boiss.

Arabis latifolia

authorship: Durieu

Arabis parvula var. paui

authorship: Sennen & Mauricio

Arabis roemeriana

authorship: Andrz. ex DC.

Erysimum parvulum

authorship: (Dufour) Kuntze

codes: ALG MOR TUN SPA

Tunisia

code: TUN

Spain

code: SPA

names:
/
Arabette très petite, Arabette naine

authors: Dufour ex DC.

published_in: Syst. Nat. 2: 228


slug: arabis-patens

scientific: Arabis patens

authorship: Sull.

epithet: patens

preferred: spreading rockcress

Boechera patens

authorship: (Sull.) Al-Shehbaz

codes: WDC INI KTY MRY NCA OHI PEN TEN VRG WVA

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maryland

code: MRY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 54 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Sull.

published_in: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 42: 49

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol ARPA2