slug: capillipedium-parviflorum

scientific: Capillipedium parviflorum

authorship: (R.Br.) Stapf

epithet: parviflorum

Anatherum parviflorum

authorship: (R.Br.) Spreng.

Andropogon caerulescens

authorship: (Gaudich.) Kunth

Andropogon micranthus

authorship: Kunth

name: Andropogon micranthus var. multispiculus

authorship: (Ohwi) Reeder

name: Andropogon micranthus var. muticispiculus

Andropogon micranthus var. quartinianus

authorship: (A.Rich.) Hack.

Andropogon micranthus var. villosulus

authorship: (Nees ex Steud.) Hack.

Andropogon micranthus var. violascens

authorship: (Trin.) Honda

name: Andropogon micratherus var. quartinianus

Andropogon parviflorus

authorship: (R.Br.) Domin

Andropogon parviflorus var. villosulus

authorship: Domin

Andropogon violascens

authorship: (Trin.) Nees ex Steud.

Bothriochloa parviflora

authorship: (R.Br.) Ohwi

Bothriochloa parviflora f. villosula

authorship: (Nees ex Steud.) Kitag. ex Nakai

authorship: (Nees ex Steud.) Ohwi

Bothriochloa parviflora f. violascens

authorship: (Trin.) Ohwi

name: Bothriochloa parviflora var. muticispicula

name: Capillipedium arachnoideum subsp. luzoniense

name: Capillipedium parviflorum subsp. capilliflorum

name: Capillipedium parviflorum var. multispiculum

authorship: (Ohwi) Jansen

name: Capillipedium parviflorum var. parviflorum

name: Capillipedium parviflorum var. villosulum

authorship: (Nees ex Steud.) Haines

Chrysopogon alternans

authorship: (J.Presl) Trin. ex Steud.

Chrysopogon parviflorus

authorship: (R.Br.) Nees

Chrysopogon parviflorus var. flavescens

authorship: Maiden

Chrysopogon parviflorus var. violascens

authorship: (Trin.) Kitag.

Chrysopogon villosulus

authorship: (Nees ex Steud.) Will.Watson

Chrysopogon violascens

authorship: Trin.

Dichanthium parviflorum

authorship: (R.Br.) de Wet

authorship: (R.Br.) de Wet & Harlan

name: Dichanthium parviflorum var. capilliflorum

authorship: (Steud.) de Wet

Holcus caerulescens

authorship: Gaudich.

Rhaphis coerulescens

authorship: (Gaudich.) Desv.

Rhaphis microstachya

authorship: Nees

Rhaphis parviflora

authorship: (R.Br.) Chase

Sorghum parviflorum

authorship: (R.Br.) P.Beauv.

Sorghum quartinianum

authorship: (A.Rich.) Schweinf. & Asch.

codes: ERI ETH KEN MLW MOZ TVL SUD TAN ZAM ZIM CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KZN KOR NNS OMA TAI CHT ASS CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MYA NEP NWG PAK PHI SUL SUM THA VIE WHM NSW NTA QLD

Eritrea

code: ERI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 60 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Lethe confusa
Lethe rohria
Melanitis leda
Melanitis phedima
Parnara guttatus

published_in: Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9(1): 169

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capillipedium-spicigerum

scientific: Capillipedium spicigerum

genus: Capillipedium

epithet: spicigerum

family: Poaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Pap. Dept. Biol. Univ. Queensland. 2(3): 43 (1944)

Andropogon micranthus var. muelleri

authorship: Hack.

Andropogon micranthus var. spicigerus

authorship: (Benth.) Hack.

Andropogon parviflorus var. muelleri

authorship: (Hack.) Domin

Andropogon parviflorus var. spicigerus

authorship: (Benth.) Domin

Andropogon spicigerus

authorship: (S.T.Blake) Reeder

Bothriochloa parviflora var. spicigera

authorship: (Benth.) Ohwi

Bothriochloa spicigera

authorship: (Benth.) T.Koyama

name: Capillipedium parviflorum var. spicigerum

authorship: (Benth.) Roberty

authorship: (Benth.) C.C.Hsu

Chrysopogon parviflorus var. spicigerus

authorship: Benth.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: CHS NNS TAI LSI NWG PHI SOL NSW NTA QLD CRL NWC

China Southeast

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Malesia

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Philippines

code: PHI

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

New South Wales

code: NSW

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

Caroline Is.

code: CRL

continent: PACIFIC

region: Northwestern Pacific

New Caledonia

code: NWC

region: Southwestern Pacific

lifeform: perennial

climate: wet tropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 289 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names:
Scented Top
Scented-top grass

names: 多节细柄草 多節細柄草

names: リュウキュウヒメアブラススキ

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

value: graminoid

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Height

category: Size

value: 5 m

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: capitanopsis-oreophila

scientific: Capitanopsis oreophila

authorship: (Guillaumin) Mwany., A.J.Paton & Culham

genus: Capitanopsis

epithet: oreophila

family: Lamiaceae

Perrierastrum oreophilum

authorship: Guillaumin

Plectranthus bipinnatus

authorship: Paton

Madagascar

code: MDG

continent: AFRICA

region: Western Indian Ocean

climate: seasonally dry tropical

value: shrub

value: woody

authors: (Guillaumin) Mwany., A.J.Paton & Culham

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: per photograph

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: capnoides-sempervirens

scientific: Capnoides sempervirens

authorship: (L.) Borkh.

genus: Capnoides

epithet: sempervirens

family: Papaveraceae

preferred: rock harlequin

source: inat

Capnoides glauca

authorship: Moench

Corydalis annua

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Steud.

Corydalis glauca

authorship: (Curtis) Pursh

Corydalis rosea

authorship: Eaton

Corydalis sempervirens

authorship: (L.) Pers.

Corydalis sempervirens f. candida

authorship: Lakela

Fumaria glauca

authorship: Curtis

Fumaria sempervirens

authorship: L.

Neckeria glauca

authorship: (Curtis) Millsp.

Neckeria sempervirens

authorship: (L.) Neck.

codes: ASK ABT BRC CNT GEO ILL INI IOW KTY LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MNT NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NWT NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SCA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Georgia

code: GEO

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

North Carolina

code: NCA

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1989 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: Капноидес вечнозелёный

names:
corydale toujours verte
corydale toujours-verte

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Cecropterus lyciades
Dialictus
Papilio canadensis
Pyrobombus
Vanessa atalanta

partners:
Bombus flavifrons
North American deermouse

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: capnophyllum-africanum

scientific: Capnophyllum africanum

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

genus: Capnophyllum

epithet: africanum

family: Apiaceae

Abioton africanum

authorship: (L.) Raf.

Capnophyllum simplex

authorship: Lag.

Caucalis africana

authorship: (L.) Crantz

Cicuta africana

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Rumia capensis

authorship: Link

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: annual

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 77 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: annual

authors: Gaertn.

published_in: Fruct. Sem. Pl. ii. 32. t. 85

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capnophyllum-leiocarpon

scientific: Capnophyllum leiocarpon

authorship: (Sond.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

epithet: leiocarpon

Capnophyllum africanum var. leiocarpon

authorship: Sond.

authors: (Sond.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt


slug: capnophyllum-lutzeyeri

scientific: Capnophyllum lutzeyeri

authorship: Magee & B.-E.van Wyk

epithet: lutzeyeri

authors: Magee & B.-E.van Wyk

published_in: S. African J. Bot. 75(2): 290 (figs. 2b, f, 4c, map)


slug: capparis-anomala

scientific: Capparis anomala

authorship: (F.Muell.) Christenh. & Byng

genus: Capparis

epithet: anomala

family: Capparaceae

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

lifeform: shrub or tree

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 123 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Acizzia schizoneuroides
Belenois java

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

authors: (F.Muell.) Christenh. & Byng

published_in: Global Fl. 4: 139

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-arborea

scientific: Capparis arborea

authorship: (F.Muell.) Maiden

epithet: arborea

published_in: Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales  28: 696 (1903 publ. 1904)

Capparis nobilis var. arborea

authorship: (F.Muell.) Domin

Capparis nobilis var. laurina

authorship: Domin

lifeform: scrambling shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 723 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

partners:
Elodina angulipennis
Belenois java
Elodina egnatia
Elodina parthia
Papilio aegeus

value: tree

authors: (F.Muell.) Maiden

published_in: Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales xxviii. 696 (1904), in obs

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-brassii

scientific: Capparis brassii

authorship: DC.

epithet: brassii

preferred: narrow-leaved caperbush

source: wikidata

Capparis thonningii

authorship: Schumach.

codes: BEN CPP GHA NAT MOZ NGA SIE TOG

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Ghana

code: GHA

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

Nigeria

code: NGA

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Togo

code: TOG

lifeform: scrambling shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: iqwaningi uMabusana

partners:
Papio anubis
Pseudanaphaeis gidica

value: liana

authors: DC.

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: capparis-brevispina

scientific: Capparis brevispina

epithet: brevispina

Capparis acuminata

authorship: Roxb.

Capparis brevispina

authorship: Wight & Arn.

codes: ASS IND SRL

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

India

code: IND

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-canescens

scientific: Capparis canescens

authorship: Banks ex DC.

epithet: canescens

Capparis canescens var. glauca

authorship: Benth.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: LBS NSW QLD

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

region: Western Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 105 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Native Caper
Wild Orange

partners:
Elodina angulipennis
Appias paulina
Belenois java
Cepora perimale
Elodina padusa
Elodina parthia

authors: Banks ex DC.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-cartilaginea

scientific: Capparis cartilaginea

authorship: Decne.

epithet: cartilaginea

Capparis antanossarum

authorship: Baill.

Capparis galeata

authorship: Fresen.

Capparis galeata var. lanceolata

authorship: Blatt.

Capparis galeata var. montana

authorship: Schweinf.

Capparis inermis

authorship: Forssk.

Capparis pyracantha

authorship: Bojer

Capparis spinosa subsp. cartilaginea

authorship: (Decne.) Maire & Weiller

Capparis spinosa var. galeata

authorship: (Fresen.) Hook.f. & Thomson

Capparis spinosa var. pyracantha

authorship: (Bojer) H.Perrier

Capparis uncinata

authorship: Edgew.

codes: ALD CHA DJI EGY ERI ETH KEN LBY MDG MAU SOC SOM SUD TAN AFG GST IRN IRQ KUW OMA PAL SAU SIN YEM IND PAK

Aldabra

code: ALD

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Djibouti

code: DJI

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Madagascar

code: MDG

Mauritius

code: MAU

Socotra

code: SOC

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Gulf States

code: GST

region: Arabian Peninsula

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kuwait

code: KUW

Oman

code: OMA

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Sinai

code: SIN

Yemen

code: YEM

Pakistan

code: PAK

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 152 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Каперсы синайские

partners:
Aldabrachelys gigantea
Alectroenas sganzini
Belenois zochalia
Birgus latro
Cardisoma carnifex
Corvus albus
Crocidolomia pavonana
Foudia aldabrana

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-decidua

scientific: Capparis decidua

authorship: (Forssk.) Edgew.

epithet: decidua

Capparis aphylla

authorship: Roth

Capparis decidua

authorship: Pax

Niebuhria linearis

authorship: DC.

codes: ALG CHA DJI EGY ERI ETH LBY MTN MOR NGR NGA SEN SOC SOM SUD WSA IRN OMA PAL SAU SIN YEM AND BAN IND NCB PAK WHM

Algeria

code: ALG

Chad

code: CHA

Djibouti

code: DJI

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Libya

code: LBY

Mauritania

code: MTN

Morocco

code: MOR

Niger

code: NGR

Nigeria

code: NGA

Senegal

code: SEN

Western Sahara

code: WSA

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Bangladesh

code: BAN

India

code: IND

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 328 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: کرینہہ کریہہ

partners:
Cepora nerissa
Colotis fausta
Otinotus karenianus
Otinotus oneratus
Otinotus pallescens
Otinotus rufescens


slug: capparis-divaricata

scientific: Capparis divaricata

authorship: Lam.

epithet: divaricata

Capparis horrida

authorship: Banks ex Wight & Arn.

codes: IND MYA SRL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lam.

published_in: Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 1(2): 606

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-diversifolia

scientific: Capparis diversifolia

authorship: Wight & Arn.

epithet: diversifolia

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient.  1: 27 (1834)

Capparis caerulea

authorship: B.Heyne ex Wall.

Capparis reticulata

authorship: J.G.Klein ex Wall.

lifeform: climbing shrub

authors: Wight & Arn.

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 27


slug: capparis-erythrocarpos

scientific: Capparis erythrocarpos

authorship: Isert

epithet: erythrocarpos

published_in: Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin  9: 334 (1789)

Capparis acuminata

authorship: De Wild.

Capparis acutissima

authorship: Gilg & Gilg-Ben.

Capparis carvalhoana

authorship: Gilg

Capparis rosea

authorship: (Klotzsch) Oliv.

Petersia rosea

authorship: Klotzsch

codes: ANG BEN BKN BUR CMN CAF CON ZAI ETH GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN LBR MLW MOZ NGA RWA SIE SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

Liberia

code: LBR

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Rwanda

code: RWA

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

partners:
Broadleysaurus major
Bycanistes brevis
Cercopithecus mitis
Civettictis civetta
Colius striatus
Colobus angolensis
Cricetomys gambianus
Eidolon helvum

published_in: in Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. Schrift. ix. (1789) 334. t. 9


slug: capparis-formosana

scientific: Capparis formosana

authorship: Hemsl.

epithet: formosana

Capparis kanehirai

authorship: Hayata ex Kaneh.

Capparis sikkimensis subsp. formosana

authorship: (Hemsl.) M.Jacobs

codes: CHS CHH NNS TAI VIE

China Southeast

code: CHS

region: China

Hainan

code: CHH

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: liana

names: 台湾山柑 台湾槌果藤

partners:
Appias lyncida
Leptosia nina

authors: Hemsl.

published_in: in Ann. Bot., Lond. ix. 145 (1895)

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-grandiflora

scientific: Capparis grandiflora

authorship: Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson

epithet: grandiflora

India

code: IND

lifeform: shrub

partners:
Crocidolomia luteolalis
Crocidolomia pavonana

authors: Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson

published_in: Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1(1): 174


slug: capparis-grandis

scientific: Capparis grandis

epithet: grandis

Capparis auricans

authorship: (Kurz) Craib

Capparis bisperma

authorship: Roxb.

Capparis disperma

authorship: Walp.

Capparis grandis var. auricans

authorship: Kurz

Capparis maxima

authorship: B.Heyne ex Roth

Capparis mekongensis var. crispata

authorship: Craib

Capparis obovata

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex DC.

codes: IND MYA SRL THA VIE

Myanmar

code: MYA

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

lifeform: tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 109 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Appias libythea
Catopsilia pomona
Eriboea solon
Ixias marianne
Lampides boeticus

published_in: Suppl. Pl. 263

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-hereroensis

scientific: Capparis hereroensis

authorship: Schinz

epithet: hereroensis

published_in: Bull. Herb. Boissier  3: 396 (1895)

Namibia

code: NAM

names:
Herero Caperbush
Namib Caperbush

value: 2 m

authors: Schinz

published_in: Bull. Herb. Boissier iii. (1895) 396

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: capparis-lasiantha

scientific: Capparis lasiantha

authorship: R.Br. ex DC.

epithet: lasiantha

preferred: Maypan

english:
Maypan
Nepine
Nipan
Split Jack
Split-arse-jack
Wait-a-while

Capparis lasiantha var. citricarpa

authorship: Domin

codes: NSW NTA QLD WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 225 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Nipan Maypan

value: 4 m

authors: R.Br. ex DC.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-loranthifolia

scientific: Capparis loranthifolia

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: loranthifolia

published_in: J. Exped. Trop. Australia : 220 (1848)

value: 8 m

authors: Lindl.

published_in: J. Exped. Trop. Australia [Mitchell] 220

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: capparis-lucida

scientific: Capparis lucida

authorship: (DC.) Benth.

epithet: lucida

Capparis subacuta

authorship: Miq.

Thilachium lucidum

authorship: DC.

codes: JAW LSI NWG SUL NSW QLD

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Sulawesi

code: SUL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (DC.) Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 1: 96

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: capparis-micracantha

scientific: Capparis micracantha

epithet: micracantha

Capparis bariensis

authorship: Pierre ex Gagnep.

Capparis callosa

authorship: Blume

Capparis conspicua

authorship: Wall.

Capparis hainanensis

authorship: Oliv.

Capparis liangii

authorship: Merr. & Chun

Capparis myrioneura

authorship: Hallier f.

Capparis odorata

authorship: Blanco

Capparis petelotii

authorship: Merr.

codes: CHC CHS CHH AND BAN BOR CBD JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA PHI SUL SUM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

Cambodia

code: CBD

Laos

code: LAO

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Philippines

code: PHI

Sumatera

code: SUM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 140 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 小刺山柑 牛眼睛

names: Каперс мелкоколючковый

partners:
Appias lyncida
Appias nephele
Appias nero
Cepora aspasia
Cepora boisduvaliana
Cepora judith
Cepora nerissa
Leptosia nina


slug: capparis-mitchellii

scientific: Capparis mitchellii

authorship: (F.Muell.) Lindl.

epithet: mitchellii

published_in: Three Exped. Australia  1: 315 (1838)

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 201 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bimbil
Bumble Tree

partners:
Cepora perimale
Elodina padusa
Acizzia capparis
Belenois java
Lindingaspis rossi
Octaspidiotus subrubescens

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

published_in: Three Exped. Australia [Mitchell] 1: 311, in adnot

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-moonii

scientific: Capparis moonii

authorship: Wight

epithet: moonii

Capparis moonii var. tomentosa

authorship: Blatt. & Hallb.

codes: IND SRL

India

code: IND

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

partners:
Apis cerana
Crocidolomia luteolalis

authors: Wight

published_in: Illustr. Ind. Bot. i. 35

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: capparis-rotundifolia

scientific: Capparis rotundifolia

authorship: Rottler

epithet: rotundifolia

published_in: Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin  4: 185 (1803)

Capparis brevispina var. rotundifolia

authorship: (Rottler) Thwaites

Capparis longispina

authorship: Hook.f. & Thomson

Capparis orbiculata

authorship: Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson

Capparis pedunculosa

authorship: Wall. ex Wight & Arn.

Capparis pedunculosa var. longispina

authorship: (Hook.f. & Thomson) Trimen

Capparis rotundifolia var. longispina

authorship: (Hook.f. & Thomson) M.R.Almeida

codes: BAN CBD IND MYA SRL

Myanmar

code: MYA

partners:
Acridotheres tristis
Cinnyris asiaticus
Corvus macrorhynchos
Corvus splendens
Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
Leptocoma zeylonica
Oriolus kundoo
Pastor roseus

authors: Rottler

published_in: Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin iv. (1803) 185


slug: capparis-sabiifolia

scientific: Capparis sabiifolia

epithet: sabiifolia

Capparis acutifolia subsp. sabiifolia

authorship: (Hook.f. & Thomson) M.Jacobs

Capparis vientianensis

authorship: Gagnep.

codes: CHC CHH NNS TAI CHT ASS EHM LAO MYA THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

Hainan

code: CHH

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 235 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 黑叶山柑 毛瓣蝴蝶木

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

authors: Hook.f. & Thomson

published_in: Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1(1): 179

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-sandwichiana

scientific: Capparis sandwichiana

authorship: DC.

epithet: sandwichiana

preferred: Native Caper

english:
Native Caper
native caper

Capparis sandwicensis

authorship: Walp.

Capparis sandwichiana var. zoharyi

authorship: O.Deg. & I.Deg.

Hawaii

code: HAW

region: North-Central Pacific

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 397 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

label: Growth form

value: Multiple Stem

label: Growth rate

value: slow

value: deciduous

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: white

label: Fruit type

value: berry

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: capparis-sarmentosa

scientific: Capparis sarmentosa

authorship: A.Cunn. ex Benth.

epithet: sarmentosa

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 254 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: A.Cunn. ex Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 1: 95

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-sepiaria

scientific: Capparis sepiaria

authorship: L.

epithet: sepiaria

Capparis affinis

authorship: Merr.

Capparis boscioides

authorship: Pax

Capparis capensis

authorship: Thunb.

Capparis cerasiflora

authorship: Gilg

Capparis chionantha

authorship: Gilg & Gilg-Ben.

Capparis citrifolia

authorship: Lam.

Capparis corymbosa var. subglabra

authorship: Oliv.

Capparis emarginata

authorship: Zipp. ex Span.

Capparis flexicaulis

authorship: Hance

Capparis glauca var. angustifolia

authorship: Collett & Hemsl.

Capparis mildbraedii var. roseiflora

authorship: (Gilg & Gilg-Ben.) Haumann

Capparis retusella

authorship: Thwaites

Capparis sansibarensis

authorship: (Pax) Gilg

Capparis sepiaria var. retusella

authorship: (Thwaites) Thwaites

Capparis subglabra

authorship: (Oliv.) Gilg & Benedict

authorship: (Oliv.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben.

Capparis trichopetala

authorship: Valeton

Capparis umbellata

authorship: R.Br. ex DC.

Capparis victoriae-nyanzae

authorship: Brenan

Capparis volkameriae

authorship: sensu DC.

codes: ANG BEN BKN BUR CMN CPP CHA ZAI ERI SWZ ETH KEN NAT MLW MLI MTN MOZ TVL RWA SEN SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM CHS CHH AND BAN BOR CBD IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NWG NCB PHI SRL SUL THA VIE NTA QLD WAU

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Chad

code: CHA

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eritrea

code: ERI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mauritania

code: MTN

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 444 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombyliidae
Pseudanaphaeis gidica abyssinica

partners:
Elodina perdita
Elodina queenslandica
Apis florea
Belenois aurota
Belenois java
Cepora nerissa
Cepora perimale
Colotis danae


slug: capparis-spinosa

scientific: Capparis spinosa

authorship: L.

epithet: spinosa

preferred: Caper Bush

english:
Caper Bush
caper
caper bush

Capparis aculeata

authorship: Steud.

Capparis aegyptia

authorship: Sieber ex C.Presl

Capparis atlantica

authorship: Inocencio, D.Rivera, Obón & Alcaraz

Capparis deserti

authorship: (Zohary) Täckh. & Boulos

Capparis elliptica

authorship: Hausskn. & Bornm.

Capparis fontanesii

authorship: DC.

Capparis herbacea

authorship: Willd.

Capparis herbacea var. microphylla

authorship: Ledeb.

Capparis hierosolymitana

authorship: Danin

Capparis himalayensis

authorship: Jafri

Capparis inermis

authorship: Turra

Capparis leucophylla var. microphylla

authorship: (Ledeb.) Täckh.

Capparis leucophylla var. parviflora

authorship: (Boiss.) Zohary

Capparis mariana

authorship: Jacq.

Capparis mucronifolia

authorship: Boiss.

name: Capparis mucronifolia subsp. rosanowiana

authorship: (B.Fedtsch.) Inocencio, D.Rivera, Obón & Alcaraz

Capparis murrayi

authorship: Stewart ex Dalzell

Capparis obovata

authorship: Royle

Capparis orientalis

authorship: Veill.

Capparis ovalis

authorship: Risso

Capparis ovata

authorship: Desf.

Capparis ovata subsp. sicula

authorship: (Veill. ex Duhamel) Pugnaire

Capparis ovata var. canescens

authorship: (Coss.) Heywood

Capparis ovata var. herbacea

authorship: (Willd.) Zohary

Capparis ovata var. kurdica

authorship: Zohary

Capparis ovata var. microphylla

authorship: (Ledeb.) Zohary

Capparis ovata var. sicula

authorship: (Veill. ex Duhamel) Zohary

Capparis parviflora subsp. kurdica

authorship: (Zohary) Inocencio, D.Rivera, Obón & Alcaraz

Capparis rupestris

authorship: Sm.

Capparis sativa

authorship: Pers.

Capparis sicula

authorship: Veill. ex Duhamel

Capparis sicula subsp. herbacea

authorship: (Willd.) Inocencio, D.Rivera, Obón & Alcaraz

Capparis sicula subsp. leucophylla

authorship: (DC.) Inocencio, D.Rivera, Obón & Alcaraz

Capparis sicula var. kruegeriana

authorship: Pamp.

Capparis spinosa f. inermis

authorship: Knoche

Capparis spinosa f. kruegeriana

authorship: (Pamp.) Pamp.

Capparis spinosa prol. rupestris

authorship: (Sm.) Rouy & Foucaud

Capparis spinosa subsp. aegyptia

authorship: (Lam.) Kit Tan & Runemark

Capparis spinosa subsp. canescens

authorship: (Coss.) A.Bolòs & O.Bolòs

Capparis spinosa subsp. inermis

authorship: (Knoche) A.Bolòs & O.Bolòs

Capparis spinosa subsp. orientalis

authorship: (Veill.) Jafri

Capparis spinosa subsp. sicula

authorship: (Veill. ex Duhamel) Holmboe

Capparis spinosa var. coriacea

authorship: Coss. ex Maire

Capparis spinosa var. himalayensis

authorship: (Jafri) M.Jacobs

Capparis spinosa var. kruegeriana

authorship: (Pamp.) Jafri

Capparis spinosa var. leucophylla

authorship: (DC.) Boiss.

Capparis spinosa var. mariana

authorship: (Jacq.) K.Schum.

Capparis spinosa var. parviflora

authorship: (Boiss.) Boiss.

Capparis spinosa var. rupestris

authorship: (Sm.) Viv.

Capparis spinosa var. sicula

authorship: (Veill. ex Duhamel) Hausskn.

Capparis spinosa var. vulgaris

authorship: Hook.f. & Thomson

codes: ALG CHA EGY LBY MOR TUN AFG CYP EAI GST IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS MON NCS OMA PAL SAU SIN TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB CHX YEM IND LSI NEP NWG PAK PHI SOL WHM ALB BAL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR SAR SIC SPA CRL COO FIJ MRN MRS NRU NWC NUE PIT SAM SCI TON TUA TUB VAN WAL

Algeria

code: ALG

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1552 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Vitamin-e

activities: 5-HETE-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic AntiMD AntiMS AntiPMS Antiaggregant Antiaging

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

Stearic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Cosmetic FLavor Hypocholesterolemic Lubricant Perfumery Propecic Suppository

Choline

activities: Antialzheimeran Antichoreic Anticirrhotic Anticystinuric Antidementia Antidiabetic Antidyskinetic Antihomocysteine

Quercetin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor ATPase-Inhibitor Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
Каперсы
Каперсы колючие

names:
Каперси
Каперці колючі

partners:
Anthaxia umbellatarum
Spermophagus sericeus
Xylocopa violacea

partners:
Apis mellifera
Xylocopa valga
Bembecinus tridens
Camponotus cruentatus
Macroglossum stellatarum
Xylocopa
Xylocopa pubescens
Anthaxia millefolii

partners:
Pieris brassicae
Pieris rapae
Stenozygum coloratum
Antheminia lunulata
Belenois java
Carpocoris purpureipennis
Cepora nerissa
Crocidolomia

partners:
Ceranisus kirimensis
Eupelmus muellneri
Eupelmus urozonus
Eurytoma dentata
Necremnus cosmopterix
Pseudocatolaccus nitescens
Sigmophora brevicornis
Tetrastichus


slug: capparis-tomentosa

scientific: Capparis tomentosa

authorship: Lam.

epithet: tomentosa

preferred: African caper

Capparis alexandrae

authorship: Chiov.

Capparis biloba

authorship: Hutch. & Dalziel

Capparis corymbifera

authorship: E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.

authorship: E.Mey. ex Sond.

Capparis floribunda

authorship: Lepr. ex Walp.

Capparis globifera

authorship: Delile

Capparis hypericoides

authorship: Hochst.

Capparis lucens

authorship: Hauman

Capparis puberula

authorship: DC.

Capparis subtomentosa

authorship: De Wild.

Capparis tomentosa var. persicifolia

authorship: (A.Rich.) Penz.

Capparis volkensii

authorship: Gilg

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CMN CPP CPV CAF CHA ZAI ERI SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GGI IVO KEN NAT MLW MLI MTN MAU MOZ NAM NGR NGA TVL RWA SEN SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM SAU YEM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eritrea

code: ERI

Gabon

code: GAB

Gambia

code: GAM

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 310 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Stachydrine

activities: Cardiotonic Emmenagogue Insectifuge Lactagogue Oxytocic? Systolic-Depressant

names: Каперсы войлочные

partners:
Belenois zochalia
Dixeia pigea
Eronia leda
Heterohyrax brucei
Leptosia nina
Loxodonta africana
Madoqua kirkii
Papio anubis

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capparis-zeylanica

scientific: Capparis zeylanica

authorship: L.

epithet: zeylanica

Capparis aeylanica

authorship: Roxb.

Capparis crassifolia

authorship: Kurz

Capparis erythrodasys

authorship: Miq.

Capparis hastigera

authorship: Hance

Capparis hastigera var. obcordata

authorship: Merr. & F.P.Metcalf

Capparis horrida var. erythrodasys

authorship: (Miq.) Miq.

Capparis horrida var. paniculata

authorship: Gagnep.

Capparis latifolia

authorship: Craib

Capparis linearis

authorship: Blanco

Capparis myrioneura var. latifolia

authorship: Hallier f.

Capparis ovalifolia

authorship: Zipp. ex Miq.

Capparis rufescens

authorship: Turcz.

Capparis wightiana

authorship: Wall.

Capparis xanthophylla

authorship: Collett & Hemsl.

Capparis zeylanica var. pubipetala

authorship: S.Y.Liu, X.Q.Ning & Y.F.Tan

codes: CHS CHH AND ASS BAN CBD IND JAW LAO LSI MYA NEP PHI SRL SUL THA VIE WHM

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: climbing shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 180 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 牛眼睛 槌果藤

partners:
Acridotheres tristis
Belenois aurota
Cepora boisduvaliana
Cepora nerissa
Cinnyris asiaticus
Corvus macrorhynchos
Corvus splendens
Dicaeum erythrorhynchos

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capraria-biflora

scientific: Capraria biflora

genus: Capraria

epithet: biflora

family: Scrophulariaceae

preferred: goatweed

Capraria biflora f. hirta

authorship: Loes.

Capraria biflora var. pilosa

authorship: Griseb.

Capraria hirsuta

authorship: Kunth

Capraria lanceolata

authorship: Vahl

Capraria semiserrata

authorship: Willd.

Capraria semiserrata var. berterii

authorship: A.DC. ex Benth.

Xuarezia biflora

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

Xuarezia hirsuta

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Xuarezia semiserrata

authorship: (Vahl) Kuntze

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS AGE AGW ARU BAH BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CAY CPI CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GAL GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SWC SUR TRT TCI VEN VNA WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Aruba

code: ARU

region: Caribbean

Bahamas

code: BAH

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

Central American Pacific Is.

code: CPI

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 892 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
goatweed
West Indian tea, Goat weed, Wild tea

names:
Thé des Anglais
Thé des Anglais, Thé des Antilles

partners:
Apis mellifera
Unidentified sp1 M_PL_035
Unidentified sp3 M_PL_035

partners:
Apis mellifera
Dialictus
Panoquina panoquinoides

partners:
Camarhynchus pallidus
Camarhynchus parvulus
Camarhynchus psittacula
Certhidea fusca
Certhidea olivacea
Coccyzus melacoryphus
Crotophaga ani
Cyclura lewisi


slug: capraria-frutescens

scientific: Capraria frutescens

authorship: (Mill.) Briq.

epithet: frutescens

Erinus frutescens

authorship: Mill.

Xuarezia frutescens

authorship: (Mill.) Kuntze

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 60 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (Mill.) Britten

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capraria-mexicana

scientific: Capraria mexicana

authorship: Moric. ex Benth.

epithet: mexicana

codes: MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ ELS HON

Belize

code: BLZ

Honduras

code: HON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 119 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mexican Goatweed
Tamaulipan tea

authors: Moric. ex Benth.


slug: capsella-bursa-pastoris

scientific: Capsella bursa-pastoris

authorship: Medik.

genus: Capsella

epithet: bursa-pastoris

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Pflanzeng. 85.

preferred: shepherd's-purse

english:
shepherd's-purse
shepherd's purse

Bursa abscissa

authorship: Druce

Bursa alandica

authorship: (Almq.) Druce

Bursa anglica

authorship: (E.B.Almq.) Druce

Bursa astoris

authorship: [Weber,]

Bursa bursa-pastoris

authorship: (L.) Shafer

authorship: Britton

Bursa bursa-pastoris var. heteris

authorship: Shull

Bursa bursa-pastoris var. integrifolia

authorship: Farw.

Bursa bursa-pastoris var. simplex

authorship: (Hus) Shull

Bursa divaricata

authorship: (Walp.) Kuntze

Bursa fracticruris

authorship: Borbás

Bursa heegeri

authorship: (Solms) Shull

Bursa pastoris

authorship: Weber ex F.H.Wigg.

Capsella abscissa

authorship: (Almq.) Almq.

Capsella acutifolia

authorship: Raf.

Capsella agrestis

authorship: Jord.

Capsella agrestis-rubella

authorship: Paill.

Capsella apetala

authorship: Opiz

Capsella austriaca

authorship: Sennen

Capsella bursa-pastoris f. arachnoidea

authorship: Hus

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris f. coronopifolia

authorship: (DC.) Jovan.-Dunj.

Capsella bursa-pastoris f. pinnatifida

authorship: (Schlecht.) Jovan.-Dunj.

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris subsp. bursa-pastoris

Capsella bursa-pastoris subsp. eu-bursa

authorship: Briq.

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris subsp. occidentalis

authorship: (Shull) Maire

Capsella bursa-pastoris var. auriculata

authorship: Makino

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris var. brachycarpa

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris var. bursa-pastoris

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris var. coronopifolia

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris var. integrifolia

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris var. pinnatifida

Fumaric-acid

activities: Acidulant Antidermatitic Antihepatocarcinogenic Antioxidant Antipsoriac Antitumor FLavor

Inositol

activities: Antialopecic Anticirrhotic Antidiabetic? Antineuropathic? Cholesterolytic Lipotropic Sweetener Ubiquiot

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

Diosmin

activities: AntiCVI Anticancer Anticapillary-Fragility Anticarcinogenic Anticlastogen Anticytotoxic Antiedemic Antihemorrhoidal

Tannic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic AntiHIV Antianacarditic Antibacterial Anticariogenic Anticolitic Antidecubitic

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

Rutin

activities: 5-HT-Inhibitor Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic AntiCVI Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antiapoplectic

names: Пастушья сумка обыкновенная

names:
Gemeines Hirtentäschen
Gewöhnliches Hirtentäschel

names:
bourse-à-pasteur commune
Bourse à Pasteur

names: Грицики звичайні

names: ילקוט הרועים

names: Αγριοκάρδαμο Αγριοκαρδαμούδα

partners:
Adela septentrionella
Agapostemon texanus
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena angustitarsata
Andrena anisochlora
Andrena auricoma
Andrena caerulea

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena clarkella
Apis mellifera
Ceutorhynchus erysimi
Coenonympha pamphilus
Colias hyale
Delia nigrescens
Empis livida

partners:
Chromatomyia horticola
Harpalus rufipes
Phaedon cochleariae
Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Acanthis flammea
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Aglais io
Alauda arvensis

partners:
Aphelinus gossypii
Aprostocetus
Baryscapus
Erysiphe cruciferarum
Eupelmus hayei
Lyrcus maculatus
Mesopolobus
Mesopolobus gemellus

partners: Beet western yellows ST9 associated virus


slug: capsella-grandiflora

scientific: Capsella grandiflora

authorship: (Fauché & Chaub.) Boiss.

epithet: grandiflora

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1: 76 (1843)

Bursa grandiflora

authorship: (Fauché & Chaub.) Kuntze

Thlaspi grandiflorum

authorship: Bory & Chaub.

codes: TUR ALB GRC

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

lifeform: annual or biennial

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 243 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Пастушья сумка крупноцветковая

names:
Grossbluetiges Hirtentaeschel
Grossblütiges Hirtentäschel

names:
Borsa da pastore a fiori grandi
Borsa del pastore a fiori grandi

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Aphis fabae
Aphis nasturtii
Aphis sambuci
Aporophyla lutulenta
Athalia circularis
Brachycarenus tigrinus
Brachycaudus cardui

value: therophyte

authors: Boiss.

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 1: 76


slug: capsella-orientalis

scientific: Capsella orientalis

authorship: Klokov

epithet: orientalis

published_in: Bull. Soc. Nat. Voron. i. 122 (1926).

name: Capsella bursa-pastoris subsp. orientalis

authorship: (Klokov) Tzvelev

codes: ALT KAZ MON TVA WSB CHX RUC RUE RUS UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

region: China

Central European Russia

code: RUC

region: Eastern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

names: 东方荠 東方薺菜

names: Пастушья сумка восточная

names:
Borsa da pastore orientale
Borsa del pastore orientale

label: Flowering months

value: Apr-Jun

authors: Klokov

published_in: Byull. Obshch. Estestvoisp. Voronezhsk. Gosud. Univ. 1: 122


slug: capsella-rubella

scientific: Capsella rubella

authorship: Reut.

epithet: rubella

Bursa rubella

authorship: (Reut.) Druce

Capsella bursa-pastoris subsp. rubella

authorship: (Reut.) Hobk.

Capsella bursa-pastoris var. rubella

authorship: (Reut.) Rapin

Capsella rubescens

authorship: Personnat

Crucifera rubella

authorship: (Reut.) E.H.L.Krause

Thlaspi rubellum

authorship: (Reut.) Loret & Barrandon

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN EAI LBS PAL TUR ALB BAL BUL COR FRA GRC ITA YUG POR SAR SIC SPA SWI TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

region: Middle Europe

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 398 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pink Shepherd's Purse
Pink Shepherd's-purse

names:
Roetliches Hirtentaeschel
Rötliches Hirtentäschel

names:
Capselle rougeatre
Capselle rougeâtre

names: rödlomme skärlomme

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthocharis cardamines
Aphis craccivora
Aphis fabae

published_in: Compt.-Rend. Trav. Soc. Hallér. (1853-54) 18


slug: capsicum-annuum

scientific: Capsicum annuum

authorship: L.

genus: Capsicum

epithet: annuum

family: Solanaceae

preferred: chili pepper

english:
chili pepper
cayenne pepper
pepper

Capsicum angulosum

authorship: Mill.

Capsicum angulosum var. torulosum

authorship: Dunal

Capsicum annuum f. leucocarpum

authorship: Kuntze

Capsicum annuum var. abbreviatum

authorship: Fingerh.

Capsicum annuum var. angulosum

authorship: (Mill.) Alef.

Capsicum annuum var. aviculare

authorship: (Dierb.) D'Arcy & Eshbaugh

Capsicum annuum var. bicolor

authorship: (Jacq.) Alef.

Capsicum annuum var. ceratocarpum

authorship: (Fingerh.) Alef.

Capsicum annuum var. fasciculatum

authorship: (Sturtev.) Irish

Capsicum annuum var. globiferum

authorship: (G.Mey.) Alef.

authorship: (G.Mey.) Voss

Capsicum annuum var. grossum

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

authorship: (Willd.) Sendtn.

Capsicum annuum var. longum

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

authorship: (DC.) Sendtn.

Capsicum annuum var. minimum

authorship: (Mill.) Heiser

Capsicum annuum var. minus

authorship: (Fingerh.) Shinners

Capsicum annuum var. purpureum

authorship: (Roxb.) Alef.

Capsicum axi

authorship: Vell.

Capsicum bicolor

authorship: Jacq.

Capsicum bicolor var. purpureum

authorship: (Vahl. ex Hornem.) Fingerh.

Capsicum conicum

authorship: Lam.

Capsicum dulce

authorship: hort. ex Dunal

Capsicum fastigatum

authorship: Sturtev.

Capsicum frutescens var. fasciculatum

authorship: (Sturtev.) L.H.Bailey

Capsicum frutescens var. glabriusculum

authorship: (Dunal) M.R.Almeida

Capsicum frutescens var. lanicaule

authorship: Greenm.

Capsicum frutescens var. longum

authorship: (DC.) L.H.Bailey

Capsicum grossum

authorship: Willd.

Capsicum havanense

authorship: Kunth

Capsicum indicum var. angulosum

authorship: (Mill.) Dierb.

Capsicum indicum var. grossum

authorship: (L.) Dierb.

Capsicum indicum var. longum

authorship: (DC.) Dierb.

Capsicum indicum var. nigrum

authorship: (Willd.) Dierb.

Capsicum indicum var. vulgatum

authorship: Dierb.

Capsicum longum

authorship: DC.

Capsicum petenense

authorship: Standl.

Capsicum pomiferum

authorship: Mart. ex Steud.

Capsicum purpureum

authorship: Roxb.

authorship: Vahl ex Hornem.

codes: ALA ARI FLA LOU MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS TEX BAH BLZ BOL BZN BZE CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PER PUE SWC SUR TRT TCI VEN WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1818 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Capsaicin

activities: 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Analgesic Anaphylactic Anesthetic Antiaggregant Antiarrhythmic Anticolonospasmic Antiinflammatory

Solanine

activities: Analgesic Antiasthmatic Antibronchitic Anticholinesterase Antiepileptic Antigiardial Antineuralgic Antiparkinsonian

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Alpha-linolenic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Antihypertensive Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Antimenorrhagic Antimetastatic Antiprostatitic

names:
перец овощной
перец стручковый

names: Стручкови́й перець звичайний

partners:
Bombus terrestris
Augochlora pura
Augochlorella aurata
Bombus auricomus
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pauloensis
Halictus ligatus
Lasioglossum admirandum

partners:
Bombus terrestris
Bombus impatiens
Apis mellifera
Austroplebeia australis
Bombus pauloensis
Entedon cionobius
Eristalis tenax
Exomalopsis analis

partners:
Antianthe expansa
Chauliognathus pensylvanicus
Coelophora inaequalis
Entylia carinata
Euptoieta claudia
Lasioglossum albescens
Lucilia sericata
Lycorma delicatula

partners:
Asymmetrasca decedens
Frankliniella occidentalis
Gnorimoschema
Helicoverpa armigera
Manduca sexta
Spodoptera exigua
Spodoptera littoralis
Thrips tabaci

partners:
Aculops lycopersici
Anagrus atomus
Aphelinus
Aphelinus abdominalis
Aphelinus asychis
Aprostocetus atomelli
Ceratoneura indi
Chrysocharis


slug: capsicum-baccatum

scientific: Capsicum baccatum

authorship: L.

epithet: baccatum

preferred: Aji

english: Aji locoto

Capsicum annuum subsp. baccatum

authorship: (L.) Terpó

Capsicum annuum var. baccatum

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Capsicum annuum var. microcarpum

authorship: (Cav.) Alef.

authorship: (Cav.) Voss

Capsicum cerasiforme

authorship: Dunal

Capsicum comarim

authorship: Vell.

Capsicum cumanense

authorship: Fingerh.

Capsicum frutescens var. baccatum

authorship: Irish

Capsicum frutescens var. pendulum

authorship: (Willd.) Besser

Capsicum fruticosum

authorship: Sendtn.

Capsicum microcarpum

authorship: Cav.

Capsicum microcarpum var. glabrescens

authorship: Hassl.

Capsicum pulchellum

authorship: Nocca

authorship: Salisb.

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL BZC CLM ECU PAR PER URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Uruguay

code: URU

names: Aji locoto

names: ají locoto

names: comarim cumari

names:
Pebre verd
pebrer

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

label: Growth habit

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: vine

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capsicum-chacoense

scientific: Capsicum chacoense

authorship: Hunz.

epithet: chacoense

published_in: Darwiniana 9: 228, fig. 2, A-E. 1950

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: AGE AGW BOL PAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tova pepper
wild chilli pepper

names: 枸杞果辣椒 玻利維亞野辣椒

label: Woodiness

label: Life form

value: chamaephyte

value: perennial

authors: Hunz.

published_in: Darwiniana 9: 228, fig. 2, A-E

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capsicum-dimorphum

scientific: Capsicum dimorphum

authorship: (Miers) Kuntze

epithet: dimorphum

Brachistus dimorphus

authorship: Miers

codes: CLM ECU PER

lifeform: scrambling subshrub or shrub

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: woody

authors: (Miers) Kuntze

published_in: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 449

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capsicum-frutescens

scientific: Capsicum frutescens

authorship: L.

Capsicum annuum var. conicum

authorship: (G.Mey.) Alef.

authorship: (G.Mey.) Voss

Capsicum annuum var. frutescens

authorship: Kuntze

Capsicum annuum var. oblongo-conicum

authorship: (Dunal) Cufod.

Capsicum annuum var. parvo-acuminatum

authorship: Makino

Capsicum annuum var. subconicum

authorship: Alef.

Capsicum conoides

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Capsicum conoideum

authorship: Mill.

Capsicum fastigiatum

authorship: Blume

Capsicum frutescens var. queenslandicum

authorship: Domin

Capsicum indicum var. berberideum

authorship: Dierb.

Capsicum indicum var. conoideum

authorship: (Mill.) Dierb.

Capsicum minimum

authorship: Roxb.

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ELS GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE PAN PER PUE TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

region: Mexico

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Panamá

code: PAN

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Salicylates

activities: Antiaggregant Antiinflammatory Antipyretic Antiuricosuric Hyperglycemic Hypoglycemic Uricosuric

Tocopherol

activities: 5-HETE-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic AntiMD AntiMS AntiPMS Antiaggregant Antiaging

P-coumaric-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelopathic Antibacterial Anticlastogen Antifertility Antihepatotoxic Antileukemic Antinitrosaminic

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

names: Piment arbuste, Petit piment, Piment, Piment arbrisseau

names: Piment buissonnant, Piment enragé, Piment arbuste, Piment de Cayenne, Piment

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Apis
Augochlora
Augochloropsis
Bombus
Bombus impatiens
Eristalis tenax
Exomalopsis
Halictus

partners:
Ascia monuste
Patellapis carinostriata
Patellapis perineti
Urbanus proteus
Wasmannia auropunctata

partners:
Aphis gossypii
Colgar elatus
Gargara extrema
Herpetogramma bipunctalis
Nysius vinitor
Rhectocraspeda periusalis
Tildenia gudmannella
Trogon elegans

partners: Chilli leaf curl Kanpur virus [India/Kanpur/2008]

partners: Chilli leaf curl Vellanad virus [India/Vellanad/2008]

partners: Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum

partners: Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur betasatellite

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: capsicum-geminifolium

scientific: Capsicum geminifolium

authorship: (Dammer) Hunz.

epithet: geminifolium

published_in: Huitieme Congr. Int. Bot. Paris. Comptes Rend. Seances Rapp. & Commun. sect.4: 73 (1954 publ. 1956).

Acnistus geminifolius

authorship: Dammer

Capsicum scolnikianum

authorship: Hunz.

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Peru

code: PER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 70 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 攣葉黃裙椒 斯科尼克亞姆辣椒

source: GIFT

label: Height

authors: (Dammer) Hunz.

published_in: Kurtziana 1: 213

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: capsicum-pubescens

scientific: Capsicum pubescens

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

epithet: pubescens

published_in: Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 30. 1799

preferred: rocoto

Brachistus lanceaefolius

authorship: Miers

Capsicum annuum var. violaceum

authorship: (Kunth) Alef.

authorship: (Kunth) Voss

Capsicum lanceifolium

authorship: (Miers) Kuntze

Capsicum maximowiczii

authorship: Regel & Rach

Capsicum pubescens

authorship: Dunal

Capsicum pubescens var. oviforme

authorship: Hassk.

Capsicum violaceum

authorship: Kunth

codes: BOL PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rocoto
apple chile

names:
Locoto
ají rocoto

names: caballo pimenta-rocoto

names:
Baumchili
filziger Paprika

partners:
Apis mellifera
Epiphyas postvittana
Syritta pipiens

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

label: Life cycle

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Ruiz & Pav.

published_in: Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 30

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: capsicum-rhomboideum

scientific: Capsicum rhomboideum

authorship: (Dunal) Kuntze

epithet: rhomboideum

Brachistus ciliatus

authorship: (Kunth) Miers

Brachistus diversifolius

authorship: (Klotzsch) Miers

Brachistus dumetorum

authorship: (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal) Miers

Brachistus haughtii

authorship: Svenson

Brachistus rhomboideus

authorship: (Dunal) Miers

Brachistus vargasii

authorship: (Dunal) Pittier

Capsicum aggregatum

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Capsicum ciliatum

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Capsicum diversifolium

authorship: (Klotzsch) Kuntze

Capsicum haughtii

authorship: (Svenson) J.F.Macbr.

Capsicum mendax

authorship: (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) J.F.Macbr.

Capsicum pringlei

authorship: (S.Watson) J.F.Macbr. & Standl.

Fregirardia ciliata

authorship: (Kunth) Dunal

Fregirardia dumetorum

authorship: (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dunal) Dunal

Fregirardia rhomboidea

authorship: (Dunal) Dunal

Solanum dumetorum

authorship: Willd.

Solanum mendax

authorship: Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.

Witheringia diversifolia

authorship: Klotzsch

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 456 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Chile silvestre
Hierba dura

value: 5 m

authors: (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth) Kuntze

published_in: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 448, as 'rhombodeum'

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: caputia-pyramidata

scientific: Caputia pyramidata

authorship: (DC.) B.Nord. & Pelser

genus: Caputia

epithet: pyramidata

family: Asteraceae

published_in: Compositae Newslett. 50: 67 (2012)

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: succulent subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 113 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 1 m

authors: (DC.) B.Nord. & Pelser

published_in: Compositae Newslett. 50: 67

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: caputia-scaposa

scientific: Caputia scaposa

epithet: scaposa

published_in: Compositae Newslett. 50: 66 (2012)

Senecio calamifolius

authorship: Hook.

Senecio scaposus var. caulescens

authorship: Harv.

lifeform: succulent perennial or chamaephyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 42 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Compositae Newslett. 50: 66

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caputia-tomentosa

scientific: Caputia tomentosa

authorship: (Haw.) B.Nord. & Pelser

epithet: tomentosa

published_in: Compositae Newslett. 50: 65 (2012)

Kleinia haworthii

authorship: DC.

lifeform: succulent subshrub or shrub

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
cocoon-plant
woolly senecio

names: tontelbos tontelbossie

value: subshrub

authors: (Haw.) B.Nord. & Pelser

published_in: Compositae Newslett. 50: 65

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caragana-arborescens

scientific: Caragana arborescens

authorship: Lam.

genus: Caragana

epithet: arborescens

family: Fabaceae

preferred: Siberian peashrub

Aspalathus arborescens

authorship: Amman

Aspalathus caragana

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Aspalathus redowskii

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Caragana altagana

authorship: (Pall.) Poir.

Caragana arborescens f. lorbergii

authorship: Koehne

Caragana arborescens f. nana

authorship: (H.Jaeger) Rehder

Caragana arborescens f. pendula

authorship: (Carrière) Zabel

Caragana arborescens lus. acuta

authorship: Kom.

Caragana arborescens var. fruticosa

authorship: (Pall.) Kom.

Caragana arborescens var. pendula

authorship: (Carrière) Hartwig & Rümpler

Caragana arborescens var. redowskii

authorship: (DC.) Schübeler

Caragana caragana

authorship: (L.) H.Karst.

Caragana caragana lus. pendula

authorship: (Carrière) Asch. & Graebn.

Caragana fruticosa

authorship: (Pall.) Besser

Caragana fruticosa var. multiflora

authorship: H.Xie & Y.T.Zhao

Caragana inermis

authorship: Moench

Caragana pendula

authorship: Carrière

Caragana sibirica

authorship: Medik.

Robinia altagana

authorship: Pall.

authorship: L'Her.

Robinia caragana

authorship: L.

Robinia caragana var. altagana

authorship: (Pall.) Sims

Robinia caragana var. arborea

authorship: Sims

Robinia mongolica

authorship: Sw. ex Besser

codes: ALT BRY CHI IRK KAZ KGZ KOR KRA CHM MON TVA WSB CHX YAK MAS

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Korea

code: KOR

region: Eastern Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Massachusetts

code: MAS

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Siberian peashrub
Black Karagana

names: 树锦鸡儿 骨担草

names:
Жёлтая акация
Карагана древовидная

names:
Акація жовта
Жовта акація

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus borealis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Bombus nevadensis
Apis mellifera
Bombus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Atomosia puella
Bombus huntii
Bombus nevadensis
Erysiphe robiniae

partners:
Acronicta tridens
Aphis craccivora
Apis mellifera
Biston betularia
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fervidus
Bombus nevadensis
Empoasca fabae

partners:
Camarosporidiella caraganae
Cylindrobasidium laeve
Erysiphe palczewskii

quote: each leaf composed of eight to twelve oval leaflets

quote: Siberian peashrub is an introduced, deciduous shrub or small tree

quote: The flowers are yellow and appear early in the season forming pods in late June or early July.


slug: caragana-buriatica

scientific: Caragana buriatica

authorship: Peschkova

epithet: buriatica

published_in: Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 15: 234 (1979)

Caragana microphylla subsp. buriatica

authorship: (Peschkova) Yakovlev

codes: BRY MON

names: Карагана бурятская

authors: Peschkova

published_in: Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 15: 234

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: caragana-frutex

scientific: Caragana frutex

authorship: (L.) K.Koch

epithet: frutex

published_in: Dendrologie 1: 48 (1869)

preferred: Russian peashrub

Aspalathus cuneatus

authorship: (Moench) Kuntze

Caragana digitata

authorship: Lam.

Caragana frutescens

authorship: (L.) Medik.

Caragana frutescens var. angustifolia

authorship: DC.

Caragana frutescens var. grandiflora

authorship: Regel

Caragana frutescens var. intermedia

authorship: Regel & Herder

Caragana frutescens var. mollis

authorship: (M.Bieb.) DC.

Caragana frutex f. grandiflora

authorship: (Regel) C.K.Schneid.

Caragana frutex f. latifolia

authorship: (DC.) C.K.Schneid.

Caragana frutex f. mollis

authorship: (M.Bieb.) C.K.Schneid.

Caragana frutex var. grandiflora

authorship: (Regel) Kom.

authorship: Koehne ex C.K.Schneid.

Caragana frutex var. lasiocarpa

authorship: Chang Y.Yang & N.Li

Caragana frutex var. macrantha

authorship: Rehder

Caragana frutex var. subalata

authorship: Kom.

Caragana frutex var. xerophytica

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Kom.

Caragana mollis

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Besser

Caragana parvifolia

authorship: Hoffmanns.

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Walp.

Robinia tomentosa

authorship: Fisch.

codes: ALT KAZ KGZ KRA NCS WSB CHX BUL RUC RUE KRY RUS UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

East European Russia

code: RUE

Krym

code: KRY

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1829 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Russian peashrub
Russian pea shrub

names: 木锦鸡儿 黄刺条

names: Карагана кустарниковая

names:
Acacia jaune
Caraganier buissonnant

names:
Жовта акація кущова
Карагана кущова

label: Eaten by

partners:
Hephathus freyi
Gargara genistae
Gargara stepposa
Hebata decipiens decipiens
Hephathus achilleae
Neolycaena rhymnus
Platymetopius undatus
Reptalus quinquecostatus


slug: caragana-halodendron

scientific: Caragana halodendron

authorship: (Pall.) Dum.Cours.

epithet: halodendron

preferred: common salttree

source: usda

Caragana argentea

authorship: Lam.

Halimodendron argenteum

authorship: (Lam.) Fisch. ex DC.

authorship: (Lam.) DC.

Halimodendron argenteum var. albiflorum

authorship: Kar. & Kir.

Halimodendron cuspidatum

authorship: Jaub. & Spach

Halimodendron halodendron

authorship: (Pall.) Voss

name: Halimodendron halodendron var. albiflorum

authorship: (Kar. & Kir.) Prjech.

Halimodendron speciosum

authorship: Carrière

Halimodendron triflorum

authorship: (L'Hér.) Sweet

authorship: Willd.

Pseudo-acacia halodendron

authorship: (Pall.) Moench

Robinia halimodendron

authorship: Link

Robinia halodendron

authorship: Pall.

Robinia triflora

authorship: L'Hér.

codes: AFG CHN CHI IRN KAZ KGZ MON TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB CHX PAK RUE RUS

Afghanistan

code: AFG

China North-Central

code: CHN

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Pakistan

code: PAK

region: Indian Subcontinent

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 461 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Russian salt tree
Siberian salt tree

partners:
Gargara genistae
Psalmocharias querulus
Pseudophlepsius abdykulovi
Sophonia spathulata

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

partners:
Bruchophagus astragali
Bruchophagus punctata
Gastrancistrus sugonjaevi
Pseudocatolaccus arcuatus
Systasis halimodendronis
Torymus spilopterus
Trechnites flavipes

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caragana-jubata

scientific: Caragana jubata

authorship: (Pall.) Poir.

epithet: jubata

Aspalathus jubatus

authorship: (Pall.) Kuntze

Caragana chumbica

authorship: Prain

Caragana czetyrkinii

authorship: Sanchir

Caragana jubata f. seczuanica

authorship: Kom.

Caragana jubata var. erecta

authorship: Regel & Tiling

codes: ALT BRY CHN CHC CTA CHI IRK KAZ KHA KGZ KRA MAG MON CHQ TZK CHT TVA WSB CHX YAK EHM MYA NEP

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China South-Central

code: CHC

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

region: Russian Far East

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Magadan

code: MAG

Mongolia

code: MON

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Tibet

code: CHT

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

Nepal

code: NEP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 394 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pea shrub
shag-spine peashrub

names: 锦鸡儿 狼麻

names: Карагана гривастая

names: Дэлт харгана

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caragana-manshurica

scientific: Caragana manshurica

authorship: (Kom.) Kom.

epithet: manshurica

published_in: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 29: 336 (1909)

codes: CHN CHI KHA CHM PRM

China North-Central

code: CHN

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

names: 东北锦鸡儿 小叶锦鸡儿

names: Карагана маньчжурская

authors: Kom.

published_in: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada xxix. 336 (1909)


slug: caragana-microphylla

scientific: Caragana microphylla

authorship: Lam.

epithet: microphylla

preferred: littleleaf peashrub

Aspalathus microphyllus

authorship: (Lam.) Kuntze

Caragana arenaria

authorship: (Sims) Loudon

Robinia caragana var. arenaria

authorship: Sims

Robinia flexilis

authorship: Salisb.

Robinia microphylla

authorship: (Lam.) Pall.

codes: BRY CTA CHI KOR CHM MON TVA

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Korea

code: KOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 206 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
littleleaf peashrub
Little-leaf peashrub

names: 小叶锦鸡儿 小叶锦鸡

names: Карагана мелколистная

names: Жижиг навчит харгана

partners:
Bos
Capra ibex
Gargara genistae
Machaerotypus mali
Ovis

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

value: Multiple Stem

label: Leaf retention

value: Jun-Jul

label: Photosynthetic pathway

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caragana-pygmaea

scientific: Caragana pygmaea

epithet: pygmaea

Aspalathus pygmaeus

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Caragana pygmaea subsp. austrotuvinica

authorship: Bondareva

Caragana splendens

authorship: Schischk. ex Sobol.

Robinia pygmaea

authorship: L.

codes: ALT BRY IRK KRA MON TVA WSB CHX

Altay

code: ALT

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 962 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Карагана карликовая

names: Одой харгана

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus rufocinctus
Coccinella septempunctata

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caragana-scythica

scientific: Caragana scythica

authorship: (Kom.) Pojark.

epithet: scythica

codes: KRY RUS UKR

Krym

code: KRY

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 88 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Карагана скифская

names: Карагана скіфська

value: Jun

authors: (Kom.) Pojark.

published_in: Fl. URSS 11: 341, 396, cum descr. ampl

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: caragana-wolgarica

scientific: Caragana wolgarica

authorship: (L.f.) X.Y.Cui & Z.X.Zhang

epithet: wolgarica

Adenocarpus wolgensis

authorship: Spreng.

Cajanus wolgaricus

authorship: (L.f.) Spreng. ex Steud.

Calophaca wolgarica

authorship: (L.f.) Pall. ex Fisch.

Calophaca wolgensis

authorship: (L.f.) Fisch. ex Otto

Colutea wolgarica

authorship: (L.f.) Lam.

codes: KAZ NCS RUE KRY RUS UKR

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

North Caucasus

code: NCS

East European Russia

code: RUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 132 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (L.f.) X.Y.Cui & Z.X.Zhang

published_in: Phytotaxa 728(1): 77


slug: carallia-brachiata

scientific: Carallia brachiata

authorship: (Lour.) Merr.

genus: Carallia

epithet: brachiata

family: Rhizophoraceae

Baraultia madagascariensis

authorship: (DC.) Steud. ex Spreng.

Barraldeia madagascariensis

authorship: DC.

Bruguiera nemorosa

authorship: Blanco

Carallia arguta

authorship: Koord. & Valeton

Carallia baraldeia

authorship: Arn.

Carallia celebica

authorship: Blume

Carallia cerisopsifolia

authorship: Miq.

Carallia cuprea

authorship: Ridl.

Carallia densiflora

authorship: Griff.

Carallia lanceaefolia

authorship: Roxb.

Carallia lanceolaria

authorship: Wall.

Carallia madagascariensis

authorship: (DC.) Tul.

Carallia obcordata

authorship: Wight ex Walp.

Carallia octopetala

authorship: F.Muell. ex Benth.

Carallia scortechinii

authorship: King

Demidofia nodosa

authorship: Dennst.

Diatoma brachiata

authorship: Lour.

Karekandelia brachiata

authorship: (Lour.) Kuntze

Karekandelia calycina

authorship: Kuntze

Petalotoma brachiata

authorship: (Lour.) DC.

codes: MDG CHC CHS CHH AND ASS BAN BIS BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PHI SOL SRL SUL SUM THA VIE NTA QLD WAU

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 247 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Караллия раскидистая

names: เฉียงพร้านางแอ

names:
ត្រមែង
ទ្រមូង ឬទ្រមែង

partners:
Callosciurus concolor
Homo sapiens
Hylobates lar
Macaca fascicularis
Macaca leonina
Nomascus gabriellae
Pongo pygmaeus
Presbytis thomasi


slug: caralluma-adscendens-roxb-haw

scientific: Caralluma adscendens

authorship: (Roxb.) Haw.

genus: Caralluma

epithet: adscendens

family: Apocynaceae

Caralluma bicolor

authorship: V.S.Ramach., S.Joseph, H.A.John & Sofiya

Caralluma carinata

authorship: (Gravely & Mayur.) Plowes

codes: IND MYA SRL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

authors: (Roxb.) Haw.

published_in: Syn. Pl. Succ. 47


slug: caralluma-adscendens-roxb-r-br

authorship: (Roxb.) R.Br.

published_in: Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. i. (1811) 25.

Boucerosia adscendens

authorship: (Roxb.) Wall.

published_in: Asclepiadeae 14


slug: carapa-guianensis

scientific: Carapa guianensis

authorship: Aubl.

genus: Carapa

epithet: guianensis

family: Meliaceae

published_in: Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 32 (1775)

preferred: crabwood

Carapa latifolia

authorship: Willd. ex C.DC.

Carapa macrocarpa

authorship: Ducke

Persoonia guareoides

authorship: Willd.

Xylocarpus carapa

authorship: Spreng.

codes: BLZ BOL BZN BZE CLM COS CUB DOM ECU FRG GUA GUY HON LEE NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN WIN

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Stearic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Cosmetic FLavor Hypocholesterolemic Lubricant Perfumery Propecic Suppository

activities: Antimalarial Pesticide

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names:
Figueroa
Nogal blanco

names: Andiroba andiroba-saruba

partners: Cephalotrigona Plebeia Tetragona Tetragonisca Trigona Undetermined

partners:
Dasyprocta
Dasyprocta leporina
Dasyprocta punctata
Hypsipyla
Hypsipyla grandella
Scaphytopius cientosetenta

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: carapichea-galbaoensis

scientific: Carapichea galbaoensis

authorship: (Steyerm.) O.Lachenaud & Delprete

genus: Carapichea

epithet: galbaoensis

family: Rubiaceae

Psychotria galbaoensis

authorship: Steyerm.

codes: BZN FRG

Brazil North

code: BZN

authors: (Steyerm.) O.Lachenaud & Delprete

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: carapichea-ligularis

scientific: Carapichea ligularis

authorship: (Rudge) Delprete

epithet: ligularis

Cephaelis ligularis

authorship: (Rudge) DC.

Psychotria ligularis

authorship: (Rudge) Steyerm.

Schradera ligularis

authorship: Rudge

Uragoga ligularis

authorship: (Rudge) Kuntze

codes: BZN FRG GUY SUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: tree

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: (Rudge) Delprete

published_in: Brittonia 55(1): 89

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cardamine-africana

scientific: Cardamine africana

authorship: L.

genus: Cardamine

epithet: africana

Cardamine africana subsp. borbonica

authorship: (Bojer) O.E.Schulz

Cardamine africana var. allevia

authorship: (Comm. ex DC.) O.E.Schulz

Cardamine africana var. arabica

authorship: (DC.) O.E.Schulz

Cardamine allevia

authorship: Comm. ex DC.

Cardamine anteniquana

authorship: Burch. ex DC.

Cardamine borbonica

authorship: Pers.

Cardamine borbonica var. arabica

authorship: DC.

Cardamine hirsuta var. major

authorship: Thwaites

Cardamine holtziana

authorship: Engl. & O.E.Schulz ex O.E.Schulz

Cardamine holziana

authorship: Engl. & O.E.Schulz

Cardamine javanica

authorship: Miq.

Cardamine porphyrophylla

authorship: Ekman ex Urb.

Cardamine rubifolia

authorship: Sm. ex DC.

Cardamine ternata

authorship: Bory ex DC.

Cardamine wightiana

authorship: Wall.

Pteroneurum javanicum

authorship: Blume

codes: BUR CMN CPP COM ZAI SWZ ETH OFS GGI KEN NAT MDG TVL RWA REU SUD TAN UGA ZIM YEM EHM IND JAW LSI MOL NWG SRL SUM CUB

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Comoros

code: COM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Free State

code: OFS

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madagascar

code: MDG

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

Réunion

code: REU

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

region: South Tropical Africa

Yemen

code: YEM

region: Arabian Peninsula

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: cardamine-alalata

scientific: Cardamine alalata

authorship: Heenan

epithet: alalata

authors: Heenan

published_in: Phytotaxa 330(1): 33

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: cardamine-amara

scientific: Cardamine amara

authorship: L.

epithet: amara

Cardamine amara f. lilacina

authorship: Beck

Cardamine amara f. minor

authorship: Lange

Cardamine amara f. monochlamydea

authorship: Soó

Cardamine amara subsp. opizii

authorship: Čelak.

Cardamine amara subsp. siifolia

authorship: Sennen

Cardamine amara var. aquatica

authorship: Rupr.

Cardamine amara var. erubescens

authorship: Peterm.

Cardamine amara var. macrophylla

authorship: Wender.

Cardamine amara var. umbrosa

authorship: Wimm. & Grab.

Cardamine austriaca

authorship: (Marhold) Landolt

Cardamine bicolor

authorship: Opiz ex J.Presl & C.Presl

Cardamine bielzii

authorship: Schauer

Cardamine borealis

authorship: Laest. ex Nyman

Cardamine crassifolia

authorship: Opiz

Cardamine grandis

authorship: Schur

Cardamine libertiana

authorship: Lej.

Cardamine melananthera

authorship: Steud.

Cardamine melanthera

authorship: Stokes

Cardamine nasturtiana

authorship: Thuill.

Cardamine nasturtium

authorship: Wallr.

Cardamine opicii

authorship: C.Presl & J.Presl

Cardamine opizii

authorship: J.Presl & C.Presl

Cardamine triphylla

authorship: Pall.

Ghinia amara

authorship: Bubani

codes: ALT KAZ NCS TUR WSB ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL ROM RUS SPA SWE SWI UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

West Siberia

code: WSB

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Corse

code: COR

region: Southwestern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1992 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Жеруха гірка

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum

partners:
Oligia fasciuncula
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus vestalis
Eristalis pertinax
Triodia sylvina
Abraxas grossulariata
Agriopis marginaria

partners:
Anthocharis cardamines
Phaedon cochleariae
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Araschnia levana

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: cardamine-angulata

scientific: Cardamine angulata

authorship: Hook.

epithet: angulata

preferred: seaside bittercress

source: wikidata

Cardamine angulata var. alba

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Dentaria angulata

authorship: Torr.

Dentaria grandiflora

authorship: Raf.

codes: ASK BRC CAL ORE WAS

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 474 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
seaside bittercress
angled bittercress

value: herb

authors: Hook.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.