slug: withania-adpressa

scientific: Withania adpressa

authorship: Coss. ex Battand.

genus: Withania

epithet: adpressa

family: Solanaceae

published_in: Bull. Sta. Rech. Forest. N. Afrique 1: 138 (1917)

Withania adpressa

authorship: Coss.

codes: ALG MOR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: withania-aristata

scientific: Withania aristata

authorship: Pauquy

epithet: aristata

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Belladone 15. 1824.

Atropa aristata

authorship: (Aiton) Poir.

Physalis aristata

authorship: Aiton

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

Canary Is.

code: CNY

continent: AFRICA

region: Macaronesia

lifeform: sometimes tuberous shrub

climate: subtropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 119 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names: orobal sáquido

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Erithacus rubecula
Sylvia atricapilla
Sylvia melanocephala
Turdus merula

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: shrub

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Height

category: Size

value: 4 m

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: green

label: Flowering months

value: Nov-Apr

label: Fruit type

value: berry

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Pauq.

published_in: Diss. Bellad. (1824) 15

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: withania-frutescens

scientific: Withania frutescens

authorship: (L.) Pauquy

epithet: frutescens

published_in: Belladone. 15. 1824.

Atropa frutescens

authorship: L.

Hypnoticum frutescens

authorship: (L.) Rodr. ex Boiss.

Opsago cordata

authorship: Raf.

Opsago suberosa

authorship: (Cav.) Raf.

Physalis suberosa

authorship: Cav.

Withania grosii

authorship: Pau

Withania suberosa

authorship: Endl.

codes: ALG CNY MOR BAL POR SPA

Baleares

code: BAL

continent: EUROPE

region: Southwestern Europe

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 528 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Amegilla
Ancistrocerus ebusianus
Diptera
Eristalis tenax
Lepidoptera
Parasyrphus macularis
Podarcis lilfordi

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

label: Life form

value: nanophanerophyte

value: 2 m

value: Jan-Dec

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: withania-riebeckii

scientific: Withania riebeckii

authorship: Schweinf. ex Balf.f.

epithet: riebeckii

published_in: Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 12: 83. 1884.

Withania simonyana

authorship: R.Wagner ex Vierh.

Socotra

code: SOC

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

climate: desert or dry shrubland

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Schweinf. ex Balf.f.

published_in: Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh xii. (1884) 83

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: withania-somnifera

scientific: Withania somnifera

authorship: (L.) Dunal

epithet: somnifera

preferred: ashwagandha

english:
ashwagandha
winter cherry
withania

source: wikidata

Alicabon somniferum

authorship: (L.) Raf.

Hypnoticum somniferum

authorship: Rodr. ex Boiss.

Physalis flexuosa

authorship: Wall.

Physalis scariosa

authorship: Webb & Berthel.

Physalis tomentosa

authorship: Thunb.

Physaloides somnifera

authorship: (L.) Moench

Withania kansuensis

authorship: K.Z.Kuang & A.M.Lu

Withania macrocalyx

authorship: (Chiov.) Chiov.

Withania microphysalis

authorship: Suess.

Withania mucronata

authorship: Chiov.

Withania obtusifolia

authorship: Täckh.

Withania sicula

authorship: Lojac.

Withania somnifera subsp. obtusifolia

authorship: (Täckh.) Abedin, M.A.Al-Yahya, Chaudhary & J.S.Mossa

Withania somnifera var. abhaica

authorship: Alsuhaimi, M.A.Ali & Alwahibi

Withania somnifera var. somalensis

authorship: Schinz

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALG ANG BOT BUR CMN CNY CPP CVI CHA ZAI DJI EGY ERI SWZ ETH OFS KEN NAT LES LBY MLW MLI MTN MOR MOZ NAM NGR NGA TVL RWA SOM SUD TAN TUN UGA ZAM ZIM AFG CHN CHC CYP EAI GST IRN LBS OMA PAL SAU SIN TUR YEM ASS BAN IND MYA PAK SRL WHM GRC KRI SAR SIC SPA

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Chad

code: CHA

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Djibouti

code: DJI

Egypt

code: EGY

Eritrea

code: ERI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Libya

code: LBY

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

region: West Tropical Africa

Mauritania

code: MTN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1074 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Withaferin-a

activities: Antiadenocarcinomic Antiarthritic Antibacterial Anticarcinomic Antiedemic Antiinflammatory Antileukemic Antimitotic

Withanolide-d

activities: Antiinflammatory Antiseptic Antitumor Immunosuppressant Pesticide

Linoleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS Antiacne Antialopecic Antianaphylactic Antiandrogenic Antiarteriosclerotic Antiarthritic

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Витания снотворная

names: Withania somnifère, Ginseng indien, Ashwagandha

names:
ויתניה משכרת
ויתניה קהה

partners:
Hishimonus phycitis
Oxyrhachis tarandus
Chlorocebus aethiops
Gargara contraria
Leptocentrus pakistanensis
Leptocentrus punjabensis
Otinotus brevicornis
Pica asirensis

partners:
Acerophagus gutierreziae
Chartocerus hyalipennis
Homalotylus hemipterinus
Homalotylus turkmenicus
Leptomastix nigrocoxalis
Prochiloneurus pulchellus

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: witheringia-maculata

scientific: Witheringia maculata

authorship: (Standl. & C.V.Morton) Hunz.

genus: Witheringia

epithet: maculata

Capsicum maculatum

authorship: Standl. & C.V.Morton

codes: COS PAN

Costa Rica

code: COS

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

climate: wet tropical

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Atlapetes albinucha
Aulacorhynchus prasinus
Catharus ustulatus
Chamaepetes unicolor
Chiroxiphia linearis
Chlorophonia callophrys
Chlorospingus flavopectus
Colaptes rubiginosus

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (C.V.Morton & Standl.) Hunz.

published_in: Kurtziana 5: 117

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: witheringia-meiantha

scientific: Witheringia meiantha

authorship: (Donn.Sm.) Hunz.

epithet: meiantha

Capsicum meianthum

authorship: (Donn.Sm.) Standl. & Steyerm.

Capsicum silvigaudens

authorship: Standl. & L.O.Williams

Capsicum stenophyllum

authorship: C.V.Morton & Standl.

Witheringia solanacea var. silvigaudens

authorship: (Standl. & L.O.Williams) Hunz.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS COS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

lifeform: shrub or tree

authors: (Donn.Sm.) Hunz.

published_in: Kurtziana 5: 147

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: witheringia-mexicana

scientific: Witheringia mexicana

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) Hunz.

epithet: mexicana

Bassovia mexicana var. latifolia

authorship: J.M.Coult. & B.L.Rob.

codes: MXG MXE MXT MXS

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (B.L.Rob.) Hunz.

published_in: Kurtziana 5: 131

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: witheringia-solanacea

scientific: Witheringia solanacea

authorship: L'Hér.

epithet: solanacea

Acnistus lehmannii

authorship: Dammer

Bassovia solanacea

authorship: (L'Hér.) Benth. & Hook.f.

Bassovia solanacea var. glabrescens

authorship: Hochr.

Brachistus hebephyllus

authorship: Miers

Brachistus solanaceus

authorship: Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.

Capsicum hebephyllum

authorship: (Miers) Kuntze

Capsicum isothrix

authorship: Standl.

Capsicum solanaceum

authorship: (L'Hér.) Kuntze

Capsicum solanaceum var. glabrescens

authorship: Kuntze

Saracha solanacea

authorship: (L'Hér.) Miers

Sicklera solanacea

authorship: (L'Hér.) Sendtn.

Sicklera tetrandra

authorship: A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Solanum panamense

authorship: Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.

Witheringia filipes

authorship: Alain

Witheringia pogonandra

authorship: Lem.

Witheringia solanacea

authorship: Miers ex Benth. & Hook.f.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN CLM COS DOM ECU FRG GUA GUY HON JAM NIC PAN PER VEN

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Colombia

code: CLM

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

region: Caribbean

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guyana

code: GUY

Jamaica

code: JAM

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 100 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Aulacorhynchus prasinus
Chiroxiphia linearis
Chlorospingus ophthalmicus
Euphonia hirundinacea
Myadestes melanops
Phainoptila melanoxantha
Semnornis frantzii
Tangara dowii

partners:
Phainoptila melanoxantha
Artibeus jamaicensis
Artibeus lituratus
Artibeus phaeotis
Atlapetes albinucha
Aulacorhynchus prasinus
Carollia castanea
Carollia perspicillata

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: witsenia-maura

scientific: Witsenia maura

authorship: (L.) Thunb.

genus: Witsenia

epithet: maura

family: Iridaceae

preferred: Bokmakierie's tail

Antholyza maura

authorship: L.

Ixia disticha

authorship: Lam.

Witsenia tomentosa

authorship: Salisb.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

lifeform: tuberous shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 205 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bokmakierie's tail
Bokmakierie Tail

names: waaiertjie Bokmakierieblom

authors: Thunb.

published_in: Nov. Gen. Pl. [Thunberg] 2: 34

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wittmackia-caymanensis

scientific: Wittmackia caymanensis

authorship: (Britton ex L.B.Sm.) Aguirre-Santoro

genus: Wittmackia

epithet: caymanensis

family: Bromeliaceae

Hohenbergia caymanensis

authorship: Britton ex L.B.Sm.

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

lifeform: epiphyte or lithophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

value: lithophyte

authors: (Britton ex L.B.Sm.) Aguirre-Santoro

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wittmackia-patentissima

scientific: Wittmackia patentissima

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Mez

epithet: patentissima

Aechmea lingulata var. patentissima

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) L.B.Sm.

Aechmea patentissima

authorship: (Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Baker

Billbergia patentissima

authorship: Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

codes: BZE BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

lifeform: epiphyte

authors: (Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Mez

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wittrockia-superba

scientific: Wittrockia superba

authorship: Lindm.

genus: Wittrockia

epithet: superba

published_in: Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.f., 24(8): 20 (1891)

Canistrum superbum

authorship: (Lindm.) Mez

Nidularium superbum

authorship: (Lindm.) Ule

Nidularium wawreanum

authorship: Mez

codes: BZS BZL

Brazil South

code: BZS

lifeform: epiphyte or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: hemicryptophyte

value: CAM

authors: Lindm.

published_in: Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24(8): 20, pl. 2, figs. 13-21


slug: wittsteinia-vacciniacea

scientific: Wittsteinia vacciniacea

genus: Wittsteinia

epithet: vacciniacea

family: Alseuosmiaceae

Victoria

code: VIC

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 56 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 2(15): 136

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wolffia-arrhiza

scientific: Wolffia arrhiza

authorship: (L.) Horkel ex Wimm.

genus: Wolffia

epithet: arrhiza

family: Araceae

preferred: Rootless Duckweed

english:
Rootless Duckweed
rootless duckweed
spotless watermeal

Bruniera vivipara

authorship: Franch.

Horkelia arrhiza

authorship: Druce

authorship: (L.) Druce

Lemna microscopica

authorship: Schur

Lenticula arrhiza

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Wolffia delilii

authorship: Miq.

Wolffia michelii

authorship: Schleid.

codes: ALG ANG BEN BOT BUR CNY CPP ZAI ETH OFS GHA GNB IVO KEN NAT MDG MOR MOZ NGA TVL RWA SEN TAN TOG TUN UGA IRN KOR LBS NCS TAI TCS BAN IND PHI WHM AUT BLT BGM BUL RUC COR CZE RUE FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ITA YUG NET POL POR ROM SIC RUS SPA UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Botswana

code: BOT

Burundi

code: BUR

Canary Is.

code: CNY

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

Morocco

code: MOR

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

Senegal

code: SEN

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Tunisia

code: TUN

Uganda

code: UGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 314 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Вольфия бескорневая

names:
Wurzellose Wasserlinse
Wurzellose Zwergwasserlinse

names:
lentille deau sans racines
Wolffia sans Racines

names: Вольфія безкоренева

names: כדרורית המים


slug: wolffia-australiana

scientific: Wolffia australiana

authorship: (Benth.) Hartog & Plas

epithet: australiana

Wolffia arrhiza var. australiana

authorship: Benth.

codes: NSW NZN NZS SOA TAS VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

New Zealand North

code: NZN

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

lifeform: hydroannual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: ผำออสเตรเลีย

value: hydrophyte

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

authors: (Benth.) Hartog & Plas

published_in: Blumea

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wolffia-borealis

scientific: Wolffia borealis

authorship: (Engelm.) Landolt

epithet: borealis

published_in: Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich  71: 453 (1986)

preferred: northern watermeal

Wolffia brasiliensis var. borealis

authorship: Engelm.

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL CNT IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAS MIC MIN MSO NEB NWH NWY ONT ORE PEN QUE SDA TEN UTA VER VRG WIS

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New York

code: NWY

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Oregon

code: ORE

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

South Dakota

code: SDA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Utah

code: UTA

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

Wisconsin

code: WIS

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 85 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Ber. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel 44: 137

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: wolffia-brasiliensis

scientific: Wolffia brasiliensis

authorship: Wedd.

epithet: brasiliensis

preferred: Brazilian water meal

english:
Brazilian water meal
Brazilian watermeal

Grantia brasiliensis

authorship: (Wedd.) MacMill.

Wolffia punctata

authorship: Griseb.

codes: ALA ARK CAL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KAN KTY LOU MRY MAS MXC MXE MXT MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT PEN SCA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WVA WIS AGE AGW BOL BZN BZS BZL BZC CLC CLM CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA HAI JAM LEE PAR PUE SUR URU VEN WIN

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

California

code: CAL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 193 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Vert-de-gris, Lentille d'eau
wolffie du Brésil

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 12: 170, figs

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: wolffia-columbiana

scientific: Wolffia columbiana

epithet: columbiana

preferred: Columbia water-meal

english:
Columbia water-meal
Columbian water-meal
Columbian watermeal

Bruniera columbiana

authorship: Nieuwl.

Grantia columbiana

authorship: (H.Karst.) MacMill.

codes: ALA ABT ARK BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MXC MXE MXN MXT MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWH NWJ NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS AGE AGW BOL BZE BZS BZC CLM ECU ELS GUA HON NLA PAR URU VEN

Alabama

code: ALA

Alberta

code: ABT

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Iowa

code: IOW

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 197 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: wolffiella-gladiata

scientific: Wolffiella gladiata

authorship: (Hegelm.) Hegelm.

genus: Wolffiella

epithet: gladiata

preferred: Florida mudmidget

Wolffia floridana

authorship: (J.D.Sm.) O.D.Sm. ex Hegelm.

Wolffia gladiata

authorship: Hegelm.

Wolffiella floridana

authorship: (J.D.Sm.) C.H.Thomps.

codes: ALA ARK DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MAS MXC MSI MSO NWJ NCA OHI OKL PEN SCA TEN TEX VRG WAS

Alabama

code: ALA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 164 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Florida mudmidget
sword bogmat


slug: wolffiella-welwitschii

scientific: Wolffiella welwitschii

authorship: (Hegelm.) Monod

epithet: welwitschii

published_in: Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N., Hors-sér. 2: 229 (1949)

preferred: pond bogmat

Wolffia conguensis

authorship: Welw. ex Trimen

Wolffiopsis welwitschii

authorship: (Hegelm.) Hartog & Plas

codes: ANG BEN BOT CHA ZAI GHA KEN NAT MLW MLI MOZ NGA RWA SEN SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM MXT BOL BZE BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI JAM LEE PER PUE SUR VEN WIN

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Ghana

code: GHA

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rwanda

code: RWA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

published_in: Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. ii. (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 229, 242 (1949)

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: wollastonia-biflora

scientific: Wollastonia biflora

authorship: DC.

genus: Wollastonia

epithet: biflora

family: Asteraceae

preferred: sea daisy

source: usda

Acmella biflora

authorship: (L.) Spreng.

Adenostemma biflorum

authorship: (L.) Less.

Anthemiopsis macrophylla

authorship: Bojer ex DC.

Eclipta scabriuscula

authorship: Wall.

Melanthera biflora

authorship: (L.) Wild

Seruneum biflorum

authorship: Kuntze

Spilanthes peregrina

authorship: Blanco

Verbesina aquatilis

authorship: Burm.

Verbesina argentea

authorship: Gaudich.

Verbesina biflora

authorship: L.

Wedelia argentea

authorship: (Gaudich.) Merr.

Wedelia aristata

authorship: Less.

Wedelia biflora var. canescens

authorship: Fosberg

Wedelia biflora var. scabriuscula

authorship: (DC.) Hochr.

Wedelia biflora var. urticifolia

authorship: DC. ex C.B.Clarke

Wedelia canescens

authorship: Merr.

Wedelia rechingeriana

authorship: Muschl.

Wedelia scabriuscula

authorship: (DC.) Engl. ex K.Schum.

Wedelia tiliifolia

authorship: Rechinger & Muschl.

Wollastonia biflora

authorship: Dalzell & A.Gibson

Wollastonia scabriuscula

authorship: DC. ex Decne.

name: Wollastonia scabriuscula var. scabriuscula

codes: CGS COM NAT MOZ MCI CHC CHS CHH KZN NNS OGA TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BIS CBD XMS CKI EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MDV MYA NEP PHI SCS SRL THA VIE NSW NFK NTA QLD CRL COO FIJ GIL MRN MRS NWC NUE SAM TON TUB TUV VAN WAL

Chagos Archipelago

code: CGS

region: Western Indian Ocean

Comoros

code: COM

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Mozambique Channel Is.

code: MCI

China South-Central

code: CHC

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Kazan-retto

code: KZN

region: Eastern Asia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Ogasawara-shoto

code: OGA

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Andaman Is.

code: AND

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

Cambodia

code: CBD

Christmas I.

code: XMS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1276 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Euchrysops cnejus
Euploea core
Junonia orithya orithya
Nacaduba kurava therasia
Prosotas nora formosana
Xylocopa micans
Panoquina panoquin

partners:
Nisitra flavomaculata yapicola
Tartessus fieberi sycophantus
Apis dorsata
Brueelia exigua
Hypolimnas bolina
Phaciocephalus carolinensis
Phaciocephalus onoi
Pteropus dasymallus

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: woodfordia-fruticosa

scientific: Woodfordia fruticosa

authorship: (L.) Kurz

genus: Woodfordia

epithet: fruticosa

family: Lythraceae

published_in: J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist.  40: 56 (1871)

Acistoma coccineum

authorship: Zipp. ex Span.

Grislea punctata

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.

Grislea tomentosa

authorship: Roxb.

Lythrum hunteri

authorship: DC.

Lythrum punctatum

authorship: Span.

Woodfordia floribunda

authorship: Salisb.

Woodfordia fruticosa f. genuina

authorship: Kurz ex Koehne

Woodfordia fruticosa var. punctata

authorship: Blume

Woodfordia tomentosa

authorship: Bedd.

codes: COM MDG TAN CHC CHS SAU ASS BAN EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MYA NEP PAK PHI SRL SUL THA VIE WHM

Comoros

code: COM

Madagascar

code: MDG

Tanzania

code: TAN

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 347 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Betulin

activities: AntiHIV Anticarcinomic Antifeedant Antiflu Antiinflammatory Antitumor Antiviral Aphidifuge

Betulinic-acid

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticarcinomic Antiedemic Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

names:
Fire-flame bush
Shiranji-tea

names: 红皮水锦树 虾子花

partners:
Chrysomma sinense
Cinnyris asiaticus
Muntiacus
Tajuria jehana

published_in: J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 40(1): 56

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: woodia-verruculosa

scientific: Woodia verruculosa

authorship: Schltr.

genus: Woodia

epithet: verruculosa

family: Apocynaceae

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 31 (1894)

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

lifeform: perennial

partners:
Hemipepsis (Pallosoma) sp.
Hemipepsis capensis
unidentified

authors: Schltr.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18(4, Beibl. 45): 31

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: woodsia-alpina

scientific: Woodsia alpina

authorship: (Bolton) Gray

genus: Woodsia

epithet: alpina

family: Woodsiaceae

preferred: alpine woodsia

Acrostichum alpinum

authorship: Bolton

Acrostichum hyperboreum

authorship: Lilj.

Ceterach alpina

authorship: DC.; Lam. & DC.

Ceterach alpinum

authorship: (Bolton) DC.

Ceterach hyperboreum

authorship: (Lilj.) Clairv.

Polypodium alpinum

authorship: (Bolton) With.

Polypodium arvonicum

authorship: Wither.

Polypodium hyperboreum

authorship: (Lilj.) Sw.

Trichocyclus hyperboreus

authorship: (Lilj.) Dulac

Woodsia alpina

authorship: Tausch

Woodsia alpina subsp. bellii

authorship: (G.Lawson) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Woodsia alpina var. bellii

authorship: (G.Lawson) G.Lawson

Woodsia belli

authorship: (Lawson) Porsild

Woodsia himalaica

authorship: Ching & S.K.Wu

Woodsia hyperborea var. alpina

authorship: (Bolton) Jess.

Woodsia hyperborea var. arvonica

authorship: (With.) Milde

Woodsia ilvensis subsp. alpina

authorship: (Bolton) Asch.

Woodsia ilvensis subsp. hyperborea

authorship: (Lilj.) Hartm.

Woodsia ilvensis var. alpina

authorship: (Bolton) Bab.

authorship: (Bolton) Watt.

Woodsia intermedia

authorship: Rupr.

Woodsia pubescens

authorship: Opiz

codes: IRN JAP KAM KAZ KHA KRA KUR MON NCS PRM CHT TCS TUR WSB PAK WHM AUT BLR RUC CZE RUE FIN FRA GER GRB ICE ITA YUG RUN RUW NOR POL ROM SPA SWE SWI UKR ASK BRC GNL LAB MAI MAN MIC MIN NBR NWY NFL NWT NSC NUN ONT QUE SAS VER YUK

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

Japan

code: JAP

Kamchatka

code: KAM

region: Russian Far East

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

region: Siberia

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Primorye

code: PRM

Tibet

code: CHT

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

region: Eastern Europe

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 175 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Вудсія альпійська

names:
Coredynen Alpaidd
Rhedynen-Woodsia Alpaidd

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus
Chloris chloris


slug: woodsia-cochisensis

scientific: Woodsia cochisensis

authorship: Windham

epithet: cochisensis

published_in: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 54, f.7 (1993)

preferred: Cochise cliff fern

Physematium cochisense

authorship: (Windham) Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao

Woodsiopsis cochisensis

authorship: (Windham) Shmakov

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

authors: Windham

published_in: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 54, f.7


slug: woodsia-fragilis

scientific: Woodsia fragilis

authorship: (Trevis.) T.Moore

epithet: fragilis

Cystopteris caucasica

authorship: (C.A.Mey.) Fée

Diacalpe fragilis

authorship: (Trevis.) Trevis.

Dicksonia fragilis

authorship: Trevis.

Hymenocystis fragilis

authorship: (Trevis.) Askerov

Physematium fragile

authorship: (Trevis.) Kunze

Woodsia caucasica

authorship: (C.A.Mey.) J.Sm.

codes: NCS TCS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 216 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Trevis.) T.Moore

published_in: Index Fil. (T.Moore) 2: ci


slug: woodsia-glabella

scientific: Woodsia glabella

epithet: glabella

published_in: Narr. Journey Polar Sea [Franklin] 754 (1823)

preferred: smooth woodsia

Woodsia alpina var. glabella

authorship: (R.Br. ex Richardson) D.C.Eaton

Woodsia glabella f. rufescens

authorship: Abrom.

Woodsia glabella subsp. pinnatifida

authorship: (Fomin) Stepanov

Woodsia glabella var. pinnatifida

authorship: Fomin

Woodsia hyperborea var. glabella

authorship: (R.Br.) Watt

Woodsia ilvensis var. glabella

authorship: (R.Br.) Gelert

Woodsia lapponica

authorship: Ångstr.

Woodsia pinnatifida

authorship: (Fomin) Shmakov

Woodsia yazawae

authorship: Makino

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CHC CTA CHI IRK JAP KAM KHA KOR KRA MAG CHM MON NCS PRM CHQ SAK TCS TVA WSB CHX YAK NEP WHM RUC RUE FIN RUN NOR ROM SVA SWE ASK ABT BRC GNL LAB MAI MAN MAS MIN NBR NWH NWY NFL NWT NSC NUN ONT QUE SAS VER YUK

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Magadan

code: MAG

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Tuva

code: TVA

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Nepal

code: NEP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 351 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Вудсия гладковатая
Вудсия головатая

names: トガクシデンダ ニッコウデンダ

names:
Zierlicher Wimperfarn
Zierlicher Wimpernfarn


slug: woodsia-ilvensis

scientific: Woodsia ilvensis

epithet: ilvensis

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 158 (1810)

preferred: rusty woodsia

Acrostichum ilvense

authorship: L.

Acrostichum marantae

authorship: Pall.

Aspidium rufidulum

authorship: Sw.

Athyrium rufidulum

authorship: (Michx.) A.A.Eaton

Cincinalis setigera

authorship: Desv.

Nephrodium rufidulum

authorship: Michx.

Notholaena rufidula

authorship: (Michx.) Desv.

Polypodium ilvense

authorship: (L.) Vill.

authorship: Vill.

Polypodium marantae

authorship: Hoffm.

Preslia paleacea

authorship: Opiz

Woodsia acuminata

authorship: (Fomin) Sipliv.

Woodsia frigida

authorship: Gand.

Woodsia hyperborea prol. rufidula

authorship: (Michx.) Rouy

Woodsia hyperborea subsp. ilvensis

authorship: (L.) Bonnier & Layens

authorship: (L.) Hook.f.

Woodsia hyperborea var. ilvensis

authorship: (L.) Jess.

Woodsia hyperborea var. rufidula

authorship: (Michx.) W.D.J.Koch

Woodsia ilvensis subsp. rufidula

authorship: (Michx.) Asch.

Woodsia ilvensis var. mangutica

authorship: Galanin

Woodsia ilvensis var. rufidula

authorship: (Michx.) Gelert

authorship: (Michx.) Stefánsson

Woodsia raiana

authorship: Newman

Woodsia rupicola

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Woodsia vestita

authorship: Spreng.

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CTA CHI IRK JAP KAM KAZ KHA KRA MAG CHM MON NCS PRM SAK TCS TVA WSB CHX YAK AUT BLR RUC CZE RUE FIN FRA GER GRB HUN ICE ITA KRY YUG RUN RUW NOR POL ROM SWE SWI UKR ASK ABT BRC CNT GNL ILL IOW LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NWT NSC NUN OHI ONT PEN QUE RHO SAS VER VRG WVA WIS YUK

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Primorye

code: PRM

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1999 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 岩蕨 维基百科，自由的百科全书

names: Вудсия эльбская

names:
Rostroter Wimperfarn
Suedlicher Wimperfarn

names: Вудсія ельбська


slug: woodsia-manchuriensis

scientific: Woodsia manchuriensis

authorship: Hook.

epithet: manchuriensis

published_in: Sec. Cent. Ferns t.98 (1861)

Diacalpe manchuriensis

authorship: (Hook.) Trevis.

Physematium manchuriense

authorship: (Hook.) Nakai

Protowoodsia manchuriensis

authorship: (Hook.) Ching

Woodsia insularis

authorship: Hance

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KHA KOR CHM PRM

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

lifeform: perennial or lithophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: Aug-Sep

authors: Hook.

published_in: Sec. Cent. Ferns t.98


slug: woodsia-neomexicana

scientific: Woodsia neomexicana

authorship: Windham

epithet: neomexicana

published_in: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 52, f.6 (1993)

preferred: New Mexico cliff fern

Physematium neomexicanum

authorship: (Windham) Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao

Woodsiopsis neomexicana

authorship: (Windham) Shmakov

codes: ARI COL MXE MXS NWM OKL TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

Oklahoma

code: OKL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 117 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 52, f.6


slug: woodsia-obtusa

scientific: Woodsia obtusa

authorship: (Sw.) Torr.

epithet: obtusa

published_in: Rep. Bot. Dep. Surv. New York, no. 50, Assembly 195 (1840)

preferred: bluntlobe cliff fern

Aspidium obtusum

authorship: (Spreng.) Sw.

Cystopteris albescens

authorship: Link

Cystopteris obtusa

authorship: (Spreng.) C.Presl

Physematium obtusum

authorship: (Spreng.) Hook.

Woodsia obtusa f. angusta

authorship: Peck

Woodsia obtusa f. darlingtonii

authorship: (Stowell) M.Broun

Woodsia obtusa var. darlingtonii

authorship: Stowell

Woodsia perriniana

authorship: Hook. & Grev.

Woodsiopsis obtusa

authorship: (Spreng.) Shmakov

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT PEN QUE RHO SCA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1993 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
bluntlobe cliff fern
blunt-lobed woodsia

names: woodsie à lobes arrondis sous-espèce à lobes arrondis


slug: woodsia-oregana

scientific: Woodsia oregana

epithet: oregana

published_in: Canad. Naturalist Geol. 2(2): 90 (1865)

preferred: Oregon cliff fern

english:
Oregon cliff fern
Oregon cliff-fern
Oregon woodsia

Physematium oreganum

authorship: Trevis.

name: Physematium oreganum subsp. cathcartianum

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao

Physematium oreganum subsp. oreganum

authorship: (D.C.Eaton) Trevis.

Woodsia oregana f. cathcartiana

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) B.Boivin

Woodsia oregana subsp. cathcartiana

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) Windham

Woodsia pusilla var. cathcartiana

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) T.M.C.Taylor

Woodsia scopulina f. cathcartiana

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) Clute

Woodsiopsis oregana

authorship: (D.C.Eaton) Shmakov

Woodsiopsis oregana subsp. cathcartiana

authorship: (B.L.Rob.) Shmakov

codes: ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA IOW KAN MAN MIC MIN MNT NEB NEV NWM NWY NDA OKL ONT ORE QUE SAS SDA UTA WAS WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Manitoba

code: MAN

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Oregon

code: ORE

Québec

code: QUE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 978 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
woodsie d'Orégon
woodsie d'Orégon typique


slug: woodsia-phillipsii

scientific: Woodsia phillipsii

authorship: Windham

epithet: phillipsii

published_in: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 50, f.5 (1993)

preferred: Phillips' cliff fern

Physematium phillipsii

authorship: (Windham) Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao

Woodsiopsis phillipsii

authorship: (Windham) Shmakov

codes: ARI MXE MXN MXS NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 61 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 50, f.5


slug: woodsia-plummerae

scientific: Woodsia plummerae

authorship: Lemmon

epithet: plummerae

preferred: Plummer's cliff fern

Physematium plummerae

authorship: (Lemmon) Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao

Woodsia obtusa var. glandulosa

authorship: Eaton & Faxon

Woodsia obtusa var. plummerae

authorship: Maxon

Woodsia pusilla var. glandulosa

authorship: (Eaton & Faxon) T.M.C.Taylor

Woodsiopsis plummerae

authorship: (Lemmon) Shmakov

codes: ARI CAL COL MXE MXN MXS NWM OKL TEX

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lemmon

published_in: Bot. Gaz. 7: 6


slug: woodsia-polystichoides

scientific: Woodsia polystichoides

epithet: polystichoides

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 110 (1858)

Woodsia brandtii

authorship: Franch. & Sav.

Woodsia polystichoides f. veitchii

authorship: (Hance) Kitag.

Woodsia polystichoides var. incisa

authorship: Ching & Y.T.Hsieh

Woodsia polystichoides var. nudiuscula

authorship: Hook.

name: Woodsia polystichoides var. polystichoides

Woodsia polystichoides var. veitchii

authorship: Hance

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KHA KOR KUR CHM MON PRM SAK TAI

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Taiwan

code: TAI

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 132 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Holly-fern woodsia
holly fern woodsia

names: 岩蕨 耳羽岩蕨

names: Вудсия многорядниковая

names: iwa-denda イワデンダ

value: Aug

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 110


slug: woodsia-scopulina

scientific: Woodsia scopulina

epithet: scopulina

published_in: Canad. Naturalist Geol. 2(2): 91 (1865)

preferred: Rocky Mountain woodsia

english:
Rocky Mountain woodsia
cliff-fern
woodsia

Physematium scopulinum

authorship: Trevis.

name: Physematium scopulinum subsp. appalachianum

authorship: (T.M.C.Taylor) Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao

name: Physematium scopulinum subsp. laurentianum

name: Physematium scopulinum subsp. scopulinum

Woodsia obtusa f. nana

authorship: (Lemmon ex Gilbert) Clute

Woodsia obtusa var. nana

authorship: Lemmon ex Gilbert

Woodsia oregana var. appalachiana

authorship: (T.M.C.Taylor) B.Boivin

Woodsia oregana var. lyallii

authorship: (Hook.) B.Boivin

Woodsia scopulina f. nana

authorship: (Lemmon) M.Broun

Woodsiopsis appalachiana

authorship: (T.M.C.Taylor) Shmakov

name: Woodsiopsis scopulina subsp. laurentiana

codes: ASK ABT ARI ARK BRC CAL COL GEO IDA KTY MAN MIN MNT NEV NCA OKL ONT ORE QUE SAS SDA TEN UTA VRG WAS WVA WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

Georgia

code: GEO

Idaho

code: IDA

Kentucky

code: KTY

Manitoba

code: MAN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Ontario

code: ONT

Oregon

code: ORE

Québec

code: QUE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Utah

code: UTA

Virginia

code: VRG

Washington

code: WAS

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2008 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
woodsie des rochers
woodsie des rochers typique


slug: woodsia-subcordata

scientific: Woodsia subcordata

authorship: Turcz.

epithet: subcordata

published_in: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 206 (1832)

Woodsia commixta

authorship: Ching

Woodsia eriosora

authorship: Christ

Woodsia kitadakensis

authorship: Ohwi

Woodsia longifolia

authorship: Tagawa

Woodsia microsora

authorship: Kodama

Woodsia pilosella

authorship: Rupr.

Woodsia polystichoides f. sinuata

authorship: (Hook.) Kitag.

Woodsia sinuata

authorship: (Hook.) Christ

Woodsia subcordata var. kitadakensis

authorship: (Ohwi) Mitsuta

Woodsia subcordata var. longifolia

authorship: (Tagawa) Tzvelev

codes: AMU CHN CTA CHI JAP KHA KOR CHM MON PRM SAK

Amur

code: AMU

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

region: Siberia

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 60 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 等基岩蕨 心岩蕨

names: Вудсия полусердцевидная

names: キタダケデンダ ヒメデンダ

value: Aug-Oct

authors: Turcz.


slug: woodwardia-fimbriata

scientific: Woodwardia fimbriata

authorship: Sm.

genus: Woodwardia

epithet: fimbriata

family: Blechnaceae

published_in: Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.) 38: no.6 (1818)

preferred: giant chain fern

english:
giant chain fern
giant chainfern

source: inat

Woodwardia chamissoi

authorship: Brack.

Woodwardia fimbriata f. ramosa

authorship: (A.A.Eaton) M.Broun

codes: ARI BRC CAL MXN NEV ORE WAS

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2007 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
giant chain fern
giant chainfern

names: Вудвардия бахромчатая

names:
Grote kettingvaren
Reuzenkettingvaren

value: perennial

authors: Sm.

published_in: Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.) 38: no.6

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: woodwardia-japonica

scientific: Woodwardia japonica

epithet: japonica

published_in: Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. (Turin) 5: 411 (1793)

Woodwardia affinis

authorship: Ching & P.S.Chiu

Woodwardia omeiensis

authorship: Ching ex P.S.Chiu

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR TAI LAO MYA THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Laos

code: LAO

region: Indo-China

Myanmar

code: MYA

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 421 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 狗脊 日本狗脊蕨

names: オオカグマ トサノオオカグマ

published_in: Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. (Turin) 5: 411


slug: woodwardia-kempii

scientific: Woodwardia kempii

authorship: Copel.

epithet: kempii

Chieniopteris kempii

authorship: (Copel.) Ching

Woodwardia harlandii var. takeoi

authorship: (Hayata) Masam.

Woodwardia takeoi

authorship: Hayata

codes: CHS JAP TAI

Japan

code: JAP

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 細葉狗脊蕨 裂羽崇澍蕨

authors: Copel.

published_in: Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 280


slug: woodwardia-orientalis

scientific: Woodwardia orientalis

authorship: (Sw.) Sw.

epithet: orientalis

Woodwardia radicans var. orientalis

authorship: Sw.

codes: CHS JAP TAI PHI

Philippines

code: PHI

region: Malesia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 59 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 东方狗脊 東方狗脊蕨

names: Вудвардия восточная

authors: Sw.


slug: woodwardia-prolifera

scientific: Woodwardia prolifera

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

epithet: prolifera

Woodwardia angustiloba

authorship: Hance

Woodwardia exaltata

authorship: Nakai

Woodwardia orientalis var. formosana

authorship: Rosenst.

Woodwardia orientalis var. prolifera

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Ching

Woodwardia prolifera var. formosana

authorship: (Rosenst.) Ching & P.S.Chiu

codes: CHS JAP NNS TAI PHI

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 537 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Вудвардия прорастающая

names: ハチジョウカグマ タイワンコモチシダ

authors: Hook. & Arn.

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. 275, t.56


slug: woodwardia-radicans

scientific: Woodwardia radicans

epithet: radicans

published_in: Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. (Turin) 5: 412 (1793)

preferred: rooting chainfern

Blechnum houttuynii

authorship: Poir.

Blechnum radicans

authorship: L.

Woodwardia stans

authorship: Cav.

codes: ALG AZO CNY MDR COR ITA KRI POR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Madeira

code: MDR

Corse

code: COR

region: Southwestern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

Kriti

code: KRI

Portugal

code: POR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1552 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names:
rooting chainfern
Chain Fern

names:
Helecho de Cumbre
Píjara

names: FETO-DO-BOTÃO FETO-DO-GERÊS

names: Вудвардия укореняющаяся

names:
Woodwardia radicant
Woodwardia radicante

names:
Europese kettingvaren
Gewone kettingvaren

value: 3 m

value: Apr-Aug


slug: woodwardia-spinulosa

scientific: Woodwardia spinulosa

authorship: M.Martens & Galeotti

epithet: spinulosa

published_in: Mém. Foug. Mexique 64 (1842)

Woodwardia radicans var. americana

authorship: Hook.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS COS ELS GUA HON NIC

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: M.Martens & Galeotti

published_in: Mém. Foug. Mexique 64


slug: woodwardia-unigemmata

scientific: Woodwardia unigemmata

authorship: (Makino) Nakai

epithet: unigemmata

Blechnum japonicum

authorship: Houtt.

Woodwardia himalaica

authorship: Ching & S.K.Wu

Woodwardia latiloba

authorship: Ching & P.S.Chiu

Woodwardia maxima

authorship: Ching ex P.S.Chiu

Woodwardia radicans var. unigemmata

authorship: Makino

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP TAI CHT ASS EHM JAW MYA NEP NWG PAK PHI VIE WHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Jawa

code: JAW

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Pakistan

code: PAK

Philippines

code: PHI

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 634 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 狗脊贯众 东方狗脊

names: Вудвардия однопочечная

names: ハイコモチシダ ジョウレンシダ

authors: (Makino) Nakai

published_in: Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 103


slug: wooleya-farinosa

scientific: Wooleya farinosa

authorship: (L.Bolus) L.Bolus

genus: Wooleya

epithet: farinosa

family: Aizoaceae

published_in: in J. S. African Bot. 27: 48. 1960.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: succulent subshrub

value: shrub

value: woody

published_in: J. S. African Bot. 27: 48


slug: woollsia-pungens

scientific: Woollsia pungens

authorship: (Cav.) F.Muell.

genus: Woollsia

epithet: pungens

family: Ericaceae

Epacris attenuata

authorship: Lodd.

Epacris odorata

authorship: Sm. ex Roem. & Schult.

Lysinema attenuatum

authorship: Link

Lysinema pungens

authorship: (Cav.) R.Br.

Lysinema roseum

authorship: Courtois

Lysinema ruscifolium

authorship: Sieber ex Spreng.

Lysinema sieberi

authorship: Benth.

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2018 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Snow Heath
Snow Wreath

label: Eaten by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Delias nigrina

value: 1 m

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 8(61): 55


slug: wrightia-antidysenterica

scientific: Wrightia antidysenterica

genus: Wrightia

epithet: antidysenterica

published_in: Asclepiadeae : 63 (1810)

Nerium antidysentericum

authorship: L.

Nerium divaricatum

authorship: Lour.

Walidda antidysenterica

authorship: (L.) Pichon

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 214 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

value: nanophanerophyte

published_in: Asclepiadeae 63


slug: wrightia-arborea

scientific: Wrightia arborea

authorship: (Dennst.) Mabb.

epithet: arborea

Beaumontia wallichii

authorship: Walp.

Echites tomentosus

authorship: Roth

Echites vestitus

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Hunteria eugeniifolia

authorship: Wall. ex G.Don

Nerium coraea

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex A.DC.

Nerium tomentosum

authorship: Roxb.

Periploca arborea

authorship: Dennst.

Wrightia coalita

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn

Wrightia coraia

authorship: Wall.

Wrightia mollissima

authorship: Hort.Pondich. ex A.DC.

Wrightia rheedei

authorship: Kostel.

codes: CHC CHS AND ASS BAN CBD EHM IND LAO MLY MYA NEP SRL THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Laos

code: LAO

Malaya

code: MLY

Thailand

code: THA

lifeform: tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Daira Dudhi

names: Dharauli Karupaalai

names:
Kailamukri
Nugu pala

names:
Buralicode
Tambda kuda

names: Aatkuri Dudh-goch

names:
Benki gida
Benki-gida

names: Mylampala Ayyappala

names:
Bot-kurhein
Dhubo kure

partners:
Cephanodes hylus
Deilephila elpenor
Ericeia
Hypopyra
Macroglossum trochilus
Parotis marginata
Pygospila tyres
Theretra silhetensis

partners:
Cydalima conchylalis
Elephas maximus
Pygospila tyres


slug: wrightia-natalensis

scientific: Wrightia natalensis

authorship: Stapf

epithet: natalensis

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 51 (1907)

codes: SWZ NAT MOZ TVL ZIM

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

value: tree

label: Woodiness

value: phanerophyte

authors: Stapf

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907(2): 51


slug: wrightia-religiosa

scientific: Wrightia religiosa

authorship: (Teijsm. & Binn.) Benth. ex Kurz

epithet: religiosa

published_in: Forest Fl. Burma 1: 194 1877

Echites religiosus

authorship: Teijsm. & Binn.

Wrightia religiosa

authorship: Benth.

codes: CHS BAN CBD LAO MLY MYA THA VIE

Myanmar

code: MYA

Vietnam

code: VIE

names:
water-jasmine
wild water-plum

partners:
Catopsilia pomona
Cinnyris ornatus
Ideopsis similis
Xylocopa aestuans

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Catopsilia pomona
Euaspis polynesia
Megachile laticeps

label: Height

value: 2 m

authors: (Teijsm. & Binn.) Benth. ex Kurz

published_in: J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 258

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wrightia-saligna

scientific: Wrightia saligna

authorship: F.Muell. ex Benth.

epithet: saligna

codes: NTA QLD

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 5 m

label: Life cycle

authors: F.Muell. ex Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 4: 316


slug: wrightia-tinctoria

scientific: Wrightia tinctoria

authorship: (Roxb.) R.Br.

epithet: tinctoria

published_in: Asclepiadeae : 59 (1810)

Allamanda verticillata

authorship: Desf.

Alstonia oleandrifolia

authorship: Lodd. ex G.Don

authorship: Lodd. ex Loudon

Nerium jaspideum

authorship: Span.

Nerium tinctorium

authorship: hort. ex Sweet

Wrightia timorensis

authorship: Miq.

codes: BAN IND MYA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 487 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Jaundice curative tree
Pala indigo

names: Vetpalai வெப்பாலை

names: Aiyappala Kotakappala

partners:
Apis cerana
Apis florea
Belenois aurota
Camponotus
Catopsilia pomona
Catopsilia pyranthe
Cepora nerissa
Ceratina simillima

partners:
Aethopyga vigorsii
Danaus chrysippus
Hasora chromus
Tirumala limniace

partners:
Apis cerana
Apis dorsata
Danaus chrysippus
Danaus genutia
Euploea core
Euploea sylvester coreta
Graphium nomius
Junonia iphita

value: deciduous

published_in: Asclepiadeae 63 (-64)


slug: wullschlaegelia-aphylla

scientific: Wullschlaegelia aphylla

authorship: (Sw.) Rchb.f.

genus: Wullschlaegelia

epithet: aphylla

family: Orchidaceae

published_in: Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 131 (1863)

preferred: leafless orchid

codes: MXG MXT MXS AGE BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB ECU FRG GUA HON JAM PAN PAR PER VEN WIN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Panamá

code: PAN

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

lifeform: holomycotrophic tuberous geophyte

value: herb

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: non-woody


slug: wunderlichia-mirabilis

scientific: Wunderlichia mirabilis

authorship: Riedel ex Baker

genus: Wunderlichia

epithet: mirabilis

Wunderlichia tomentosa

authorship: Glaz.

codes: BZE BZL BZC

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

value: lithophyte

authors: Riedel ex Baker

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-australis

scientific: Wurmbea australis

authorship: (R.J.Bates) R.J.Bates

genus: Wurmbea

epithet: australis

family: Colchicaceae

published_in: J. Adelaide Bot. Gard.  21: 80 (2007)

South Australia

code: SOA

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 136 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: geophyte

authors: (R.J.Bates) R.J.Bates

published_in: J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 21: 80


slug: wurmbea-cernua

scientific: Wurmbea cernua

epithet: cernua

Western Australia

code: WAU

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-compacta

scientific: Wurmbea compacta

epithet: compacta

Cape Provinces

code: CPP


slug: wurmbea-dioica

scientific: Wurmbea dioica

authorship: (R.Br.) F.Muell.

epithet: dioica

Pleea sieberi

authorship: Rchb. ex Benth.

codes: NSW QLD SOA TAS VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1956 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: capsule

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 10(Addit.): 119


slug: wurmbea-elatior

scientific: Wurmbea elatior

epithet: elatior

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh  36: 214 (1978)

codes: CPP OFS NAT LES

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 84 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: perennial

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 36(2): 214

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-glassii

scientific: Wurmbea glassii

authorship: (C.H.Wright) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: glassii

authors: (C.H.Wright) J.C.Manning & Vinn.


slug: wurmbea-hiemalis

scientific: Wurmbea hiemalis

epithet: hiemalis

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 147 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-inusta

scientific: Wurmbea inusta

authorship: (Baker) B.Nord.

epithet: inusta

Wurmbea capensis var. inusta

authorship: Baker

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 86 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Вурмбея опалённая

authors: Banks

published_in: Bot. Mag. 19: sub t. 694

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-kraussii

scientific: Wurmbea kraussii

epithet: kraussii

codes: CPP SWZ OFS NAT LES TVL

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 48 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Baker

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 437


slug: wurmbea-marginata

scientific: Wurmbea marginata

authorship: (Desr.) B.Nord.

epithet: marginata

Anguillaria marginata

authorship: (Desr.) F.Muell.

Melanthium marginatum

authorship: Desr.

Wurmbea campanulata var. purpurea

authorship: (W.T.Aiton) Schltdl.

Wurmbea capensis var. purpurea

authorship: (W.T.Aiton) Baker

Wurmbea purpurea

authorship: Banks ex Ker Gawl.

Wurmbea spicata f. marginata

authorship: (Desr.) T.Durand & Schinz

Wurmbea spicata f. purpurea

authorship: (W.T.Aiton) T.Durand & Schinz

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 153 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Schltdl.) F.Muell.

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 7(53): 76

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-monopetala

scientific: Wurmbea monopetala

authorship: (L.f.) B.Nord.

epithet: monopetala

Melanthium longiflorum

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Wurmbea capensis var. truncata

authorship: (Schltdl.) Baker

Wurmbea longiflora

authorship: Willd.

Wurmbea spicata f. remota

authorship: T.Durand & Schinz

Wurmbea spicata f. truncata

authorship: (Schltdl.) T.Durand & Schinz

Wurmbea spicata var. truncata

authorship: (Schltdl.) Adamson

Wurmbea truncata

authorship: Schltdl.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 148 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (L.f.) B.Nord.

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-punctata

scientific: Wurmbea punctata

authorship: (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: punctata

Anguillaria bergii

authorship: (Schltdl.) F.Muell.

Anguillaria ciliata

authorship: (L.f.) F.Muell.

Anguillaria rubicunda

authorship: (Willd.) F.Muell.

Dipidax ciliata

authorship: (L.f.) Baker

Dipidax ciliata f. blanda

authorship: (Sol. ex Baker) T.Durand & Schinz

Dipidax ciliata f. caerulea

authorship: (Eckl. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) T.Durand & Schinz

Dipidax ciliata f. rubicunda

authorship: (Willd.) T.Durand & Schinz

Dipidax ciliata var. garnotiana

authorship: (Kunth) Baker

Dipidax ciliata var. gracilis

authorship: (Desr.) Baker

Dipidax ciliata var. rubicunda

authorship: (Willd.) Baker

Dipidax ciliata var. schlechtendalianum

authorship: (Schult. & Schult.f.) T.Durand & Schinz

Dipidax marginata

authorship: (T.Durand & Schinz) Buxb.

Dipidax punctata

authorship: (L.) Hutch.

Melanthium blandum

authorship: Sol. ex Baker

Melanthium caeruleum

authorship: Eckl. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

Melanthium capense

authorship: Licht. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

Melanthium garnotianum

authorship: Kunth

Melanthium punctatum

authorship: L.

authorship: Mill.

Melanthium schlechtendalianum

authorship: Schult. & Schult.f.

Onixotis ciliata

authorship: (L.f.) Raf.

Onixotis punctata

authorship: (L.) Mabb.

Onixotis secunda

authorship: (Desr.) Raf.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 537 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pink Spikelily
Slope Dipidax

authors: (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.


slug: wurmbea-recurva

scientific: Wurmbea recurva

epithet: recurva

Wurmbea spicata f. revoluta

authorship: T.Durand & Schinz

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 187 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-spicata

scientific: Wurmbea spicata

authorship: (Burm.f.) T.Durand & Schinz

epithet: spicata

Melanthium lucidum

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Melanthium luridum

authorship: Banks ex Ker-Gawl.

Wurmbea campanulata

authorship: Willd.

Wurmbea campanulata var. marginata

authorship: Schltdl.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 72 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Whitehead
Whitehead Spikelily

names: Вурмбея колосковая

names: Peper-en-soutblommetjie Swartkoppie

authors: T.Durand & Schinz

published_in: Consp. Fl. Afr. [T.A. Durand & H. Schinz] 5: 413

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wurmbea-stricta

scientific: Wurmbea stricta

authorship: (Burm.f.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: stricta

Anguillaria triquetra

authorship: (L.f.) F.Muell.

Dipidax rosea

authorship: Salisb.

Dipidax triquetra

authorship: (L.f.) Baker

Melanthium junceum

authorship: Jacq.

Onixotis stricta

authorship: (Burm.f.) Wijnands

Onixotis triquetra

authorship: (L.f.) Mabb.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 290 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Marsh Spikelily
Pool Dipidax

names: Rysblommetjie Waterblom

authors: (Burm.f.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: wurmbea-tenella

scientific: Wurmbea tenella

authorship: (Endl.) Benth.

epithet: tenella

preferred: eight nancy

Anguillaria tenella

authorship: Endl.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 135 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 7: 28

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: wurmbea-uniflora

scientific: Wurmbea uniflora

authorship: (R.Br.) T.D.Macfarl.

epithet: uniflora

codes: NSW SOA TAS VIC

authors: (R.Br.) T.D.Macfarl.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: wurmbea-variabilis

scientific: Wurmbea variabilis

epithet: variabilis

Wurmbea campanulata var. latifolia

authorship: Baker

Wurmbea capensis var. latifolia

authorship: (Baker) Baker

Wurmbea spicata var. latifolia

authorship: (Baker) T.Durand & Schinz

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 284 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: wyethia-amplexicaulis

scientific: Wyethia amplexicaulis

authorship: (Nutt.) Nutt.

genus: Wyethia

epithet: amplexicaulis

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 352 (1840)

preferred: mule-ears

Espeletia amplexicaulis

authorship: Nutt.

name: Wyethia amplexicaulis subsp. amplexicaulis

Wyethia amplexicaulis subsp. major

authorship: Piper

name: Wyethia amplexicaulis subsp. subresinosa

Wyethia lanceolata

authorship: Howell

codes: COL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1264 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
mule-ears
mule's ear wyethia

partners: Apidae Apoidea Bombus Diptera Lepidoptera

partners:
Andrena
Apis mellifera
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Bombus insularis

partners:
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Oidaematophorus occidentalis
Parnassius clodius
Philaenus spumarius

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

label: Growth form

value: Single Crown

label: Growth rate

value: moderate

label: Foliage colour

value: green

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, 7: 352

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: wyethia-angustifolia

scientific: Wyethia angustifolia

epithet: angustifolia

preferred: narrowleaf mule-ears

english:
narrowleaf mule-ears
California compassplant

Alarconia angustifolia

authorship: DC.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: CAL ORE WAS

California

code: CAL

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
California compassplant
narrowleaf mule's ears

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Bombus californicus
Bombus melanopygus edwardsii
Bombus vosnesenskii
Halictus farinosus
Halictus ligatus
Halictus rubicundus
Halictus tripartitus
Lasioglossum titusi

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Chlosyne palla
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Erynnis propertius
Junonia grisea
Vanessa cardui
Bombus
Bombus appositus

partners:
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Vanessa cardui

partners:
Anthrenus lepidus
Argynnis coronis coronis
Battus philenor hirsuta
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Brachysomida californica
Callophrys dumetorum
Chlosyne palla

authors: Nutt.


slug: wyethia-arizonica

scientific: Wyethia arizonica

epithet: arizonica

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts viii. (1873) 655.

preferred: Arizona mule-ears

codes: ARI COL NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 66 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arizona mule-ears
Arizona mule's-ears

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 655


slug: wyethia-helenioides

scientific: Wyethia helenioides

epithet: helenioides

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 353 (1840)

preferred: whitehead mule-ears

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 649 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
whitehead mule-ears
Gray Mule-Ears

partners:
Battus philenor hirsuta
Bombus bifarius
Papilio rutulus

partners:
Battus philenor hirsuta
Bombus melanopygus
Occidryas chalcedona

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

source: GIFT

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, 7: 353


slug: wyethia-mollis

scientific: Wyethia mollis

epithet: mollis

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts vi. (1865) 544.

preferred: woolly mule's ears

english:
woolly mule's ears
woolly mule-ears

codes: CAL NEV ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2016 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
woolly mule-ears
woolly mule's ears

partners:
Parnassius clodius
Andrena edwardsi
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus flavidus
Bombus huntii
Bombus mixtus

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vandykei
Neotephritis finalis
Trichodes ornatus

value: Bunch

value: slow

value: white-gray

label: Flower colour

value: white

label: Bloom period

value: Late Spring

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 544

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: xanthisma-gracile

scientific: Xanthisma gracile

authorship: (Nutt.) D.R.Morgan & R.L.Hartm.

genus: Xanthisma

epithet: gracile

preferred: Annual Bristleweed

english:
Annual Bristleweed
Annual bristleweed
slender goldenweed

Aster dieteria

authorship: Kuntze

Eriocarpum gracile

authorship: (Nutt.) Greene

Machaeranthera gracilis

authorship: (Nutt.) Shinners

Sideranthus gracilis

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Nelson

codes: ARI CAL COL MXE MXN NEV NWM TEX UTA

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 245 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
Annual bristleweed
slender goldenweed

partners:
Anthophora petrophila
Apis mellifera
Calliopsis puellae
Conanthalictus new sp.
Dufourea mulleri
Melissodes paroselae
Perdita amoena
Svastra sabinensis

partners:
Cuerna arida
Meleagris gallopavo

value: annual

label: Photosynthetic pathway

authors: (Nutt.) D.R.Morgan & R.L.Hartm.


slug: xanthisma-grindelioides

scientific: Xanthisma grindelioides

epithet: grindelioides

preferred: rayless tansyaster

Aster nuttallii

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Kuntze

Haplopappus nuttallii

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Haplopappus nuttallii var. depressus

authorship: Maguire

name: Machaeranthera grindelioides var. depressa

authorship: (Maguire) Cronquist & D.D.Keck

name: Machaeranthera grindelioides var. grindelioides

Sideranthus grindelioides

authorship: (Nutt.) Britton

authorship: (Nutt.) Britton ex Rydb.

codes: ABT ARI COL IDA MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA SAS SDA UTA WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Nebraska

code: NEB

region: North-Central U.S.A.

North Dakota

code: NDA

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 269 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
goldenweed
gumweed aster

value: subshrub

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: xanthisma-junceum

scientific: Xanthisma junceum

authorship: (Greene) D.R.Morgan & R.L.Hartm.

epithet: junceum

preferred: rush bristleweed

Eriocarpum junceum

authorship: (Greene) Greene

Haplopappus junceus

authorship: Greene

Machaeranthera juncea

authorship: (Greene) Shinners

Sideranthus junceus

authorship: (Greene) Davidson & Moxley

codes: CAL MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 192 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Greene) D.R.Morgan & R.L.Hartm.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MAJU

license: public domain

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: xanthisma-spinulosum

scientific: Xanthisma spinulosum

authorship: (Pursh) D.R.Morgan & R.L.Hartm.

epithet: spinulosum

preferred: lacy tansyaster

Amellus spinulosus

authorship: Pursh

Aster pinnatifidus

authorship: (Hook.) Kuntze

Chrysopsis lamarckii

authorship: Nutt.

Dieteria spinulosa

authorship: (Pursh) Nutt.

Diplopappus pinnatifidus

authorship: Hook.

Haplopappus coulteri

authorship: Harv. & Gray ex A.Gray

Haplopappus gooddingii

authorship: (A.Nelson) Munz & I.M.Johnst.

Haplopappus spinulosus

authorship: (Pursh) DC.

name: Haplopappus spinulosus subsp. glaberrimus

authorship: (Rydb.) H.M.Hall

name: Haplopappus spinulosus subsp. spinulosus

name: Haplopappus spinulosus var. chihuahuanus

authorship: (B.L.Turner & R.L.Hartm.) Gandhi

Haplopappus spinulosus var. glaberrimus

authorship: (Rydb.) S.F.Blake

Haplopappus spinulosus var. gooddingii

authorship: (A.Nelson) S.F.Blake

Machaeranthera laevis

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Shinners

Machaeranthera pinnatifida

authorship: (Hook.) Shinners

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida f. glaberrima

authorship: (Rydb.) McGregor

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida subsp. pinnatifida

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida var. chihuahuana

authorship: B.L.Turner & R.L.Hartm.

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida var. glaberrima

authorship: (Rydb.) B.L.Turner & R.L.Hartm.

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida var. goodingii

authorship: (A.Nelson) B.L.Turner & R.L.Hartm.

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida var. paradoxa

name: Machaeranthera pinnatifida var. pinnatifida

Machaeranthera texensis

authorship: (R.C.Jacks.) Shinners

Sideranthus australe

authorship: (Greene) Rydb.

Sideranthus australis

authorship: Rydb.

Sideranthus cotula

authorship: Small

Sideranthus laevis

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Sideranthus spinulosus

authorship: (Pursh) Nutt. ex Nees

Sideranthus spinulosus var. glaberrimus

authorship: (Rydb.) A.Nelson

Sideranthus wootonii

authorship: Standl.

Xanthisma glaberrimum

authorship: (Rydb.) G.L.Nesom & O'Kennon

codes: ABT ARI CAL COL IDA IOW KAN MAN MXE MXN MXS MIN MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA OKL SAS TEX UTA WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1963 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anthophila
Anthophora
Megachilidae
Phyciodes pulchella camillus
Plebejus melissa
Pyrgus communis
Agapostemon
Apis mellifera

partners:
Agapostemon angelicus
Agapostemon obliquus
Andrena primulifrons
Anthidiellum ehrhorni
Anthidium cockerelli
Anthidium jocosum
Anthidium utahense
Anthophora curta

partners:
Asaphes pubescens
Asaphes suspensus
Coruna clavata
Coruna laevis
Pachyneuron sapporense


slug: xanthisma-viscidum

scientific: Xanthisma viscidum

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) D.R.Morgan & R.L.Hartm.

epithet: viscidum

preferred: sticky tansyaster

Haplopappus havardii

authorship: Waterf.

Haplopappus viscidus

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) S.F.Blake

Machaeranthera havardii

authorship: (Waterf.) Shinners

Machaeranthera viscida

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) R.L.Hartm.

codes: NWM TEX

New Mexico

code: NWM

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MAVI9

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: xanthium-cavanillesii

scientific: Xanthium cavanillesii

authorship: Schouw ex Didr.

genus: Xanthium

epithet: cavanillesii

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Californian Burr, Burweed, Cocklebur
Californian Burr

names: Lampourde d'Orient, Lampourde à gros fruits, Lampourde à gros fruits

authors: Schouw

published_in: Ind. Sem. Hort. Haun. 1849: 14

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: xanthium-orientale

scientific: Xanthium orientale

authorship: L.

epithet: orientale

preferred: common cockleburr

english:
common cockleburr
large cockleburr
rough cockleburr

source: wikidata

Xanthium albinum

authorship: (Widder) Scholz & Sukopp

Xanthium canadense

authorship: Mill.

Xanthium italicum subsp. riparium

authorship: Čelak.

Xanthium macrocarpum

authorship: DC.

Xanthium riparium

authorship: Lasch

authorship: Itzigs. & Hertsch

Xanthium ripicola

authorship: Holub

codes: ALA ASK ABT ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO AGE AGW AGS BOL BZE BZS BZL CLC CLN PAR PER URU

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1973 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Artengruppe Großfrüchtige Spitzklette
Grossfruechtige Spitzklette

partners:
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena pellucens
Andrena rhenana
Colletes daviesanus
Eucera nigrifacies
Halictus scabiosae

partners:
Aphis craccivora
Aphis fabae
Aphis gossypii
Carduelis carduelis
Cynthia cardui
Eupteryx atropunctata
Liriomyza trifolii
Ophraella communa


slug: xanthium-spinosum

scientific: Xanthium spinosum

epithet: spinosum

preferred: Spiny clotbur

english:
Spiny clotbur
Spiny cockelbur
Spiny cockleburr
spiny burrweed
spiny clotbur
spiny clotburr
spiny cocklebur
spiny cockleburr

Acanthoxanthium ambrosioides

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) D.Löve

Acanthoxanthium spinosum

authorship: (L.) Fourr.

name: Acanthoxanthium spinosum subsp. catharticum

authorship: (Kunth) D.Löve

name: Acanthoxanthium spinosum subsp. spinosum

Xanthium ambrosioides

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Xanthium armatum

authorship: Humb. & Bonpl. ex Wallr.

Xanthium canescens

authorship: Widder

Xanthium medium

authorship: Nossotovsky

Xanthium multifidum

authorship: Larrañaga

Xanthium spinosum f. laciniatum

authorship: Scheuerm. & Thell. ex Widder

Xanthium spinosum f. praecocius

authorship: Bitter ex Widder

Xanthium spinosum var. ambrosioides

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Love & Dans.

Xanthium spinosum var. canescens

authorship: Costa

Xanthium spinosum var. inerme

authorship: Bel

Xanthium xanthocarpon

authorship: Wallr.

codes: ALA ARI CAL COL CNT DEL FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAI MRY MAS MXE MXN MXS MIC MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA OHI ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SAS SCA TEN TEX UTA VRG WAS WVA AGE AGW AGS BOL BZS CLC CLN CLM ECU JNF PAR PER URU

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

names: Дурнишник колючий

partners:
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens
Andrena rhenana
Colletes daviesanus
Colletes fodiens

partners:
Acanthiophilus helianthi
Vanduzea triguttata
Aphis fabae
Carduelis carduelis
Cynthia cardui
Draeculacephala minerva
Eupteryx atropunctata
Liriomyza trifolii