slug: physostegia-intermedia

scientific: Physostegia intermedia

authorship: (Nutt.) Engelm. & A.Gray

epithet: intermedia

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist.  5: 257 (1845)

preferred: slender false dragonhead

Dracocephalum intermedium

authorship: Nutt.

codes: ARK ILL KTY LOU MSO OKL TEX

Kentucky

code: KTY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 135 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
slender false dragonhead
Intermediate Dragonhead

authors: (Nutt.) Engelm. & A.Gray

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 257

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: physostegia-ledinghamii

scientific: Physostegia ledinghamii

authorship: (B.Boivin) P.D.Cantino

genus: Physostegia

epithet: ledinghamii

family: Lamiaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

preferred: Ledingham's false dragonhead

source: wikidata

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ABT MAN NDA NWT SAS

Alberta

code: ABT

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Western Canada

Manitoba

code: MAN

North Dakota

code: NDA

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

region: Subarctic America

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

lifeform: perennial

climate: temperate

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
Ledingham's false dragonhead
Ledingham's physostegia

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: (B.Boivin) P.D.Cantino

published_in: Rhodora 83: 111

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: physostegia-leptophylla

scientific: Physostegia leptophylla

authorship: Small

epithet: leptophylla

published_in: Bull. New York Bot. Gard.  1: 286 (1899)

preferred: slenderleaf false dragonhead

Dracocephalum leptophyllum

authorship: (Small) Small

Physostegia aboriginorum

authorship: Fernald

codes: ALA FLA GEO NCA SCA VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Virginia

code: VRG

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 54 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: Small

published_in: Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 286

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: physostegia-longisepala

scientific: Physostegia longisepala

epithet: longisepala

preferred: longsepal false dragonhead

codes: LOU TEX

Louisiana

code: LOU

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

climate: subtropical

published_in: Contr. Gray Herb. 211: 69 (-70)

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: physostegia-parviflora

scientific: Physostegia parviflora

authorship: Nutt. ex A.Gray

epithet: parviflora

preferred: western false dragonhead

Dracocephalum nuttallii

authorship: Britton

Moldavica parviflora

authorship: (Nutt. ex A.Gray) Britton

Physostegia imbricata

authorship: Benth.

Physostegia nuttallii

authorship: (Britton) Fassett

Physostegia virginiana var. parviflora

authorship: (Nutt. ex A.Gray) B.Boivin

codes: BRC IDA ILL MAN MNT NEB NDA ORE SAS UTA WAS WYO

British Columbia

code: BRC

Idaho

code: IDA

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Illinois

code: ILL

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

Caryophyllene

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic Antiacne Antiasthmatic Antibacterial Anticariogenic Antidermatitic

Myrcene

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic Antibacterial Anticonvulsant Antimutagenic Antinitrosaminic

Germacrene-d

activities: Pesticide Pheromone

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
western false dragonhead
Purple Dragon-head

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: physostegia-pulchella

scientific: Physostegia pulchella

authorship: Lundell

epithet: pulchella

preferred: showy false dragonhead

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 250 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
showy false dragonhead
Obedient Plant

names: physostégie de Virginie variété granuleuse

authors: Jacques

published_in: Ann. Fl. Pomone sér. 2, 4: 19

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: physostegia-purpurea

scientific: Physostegia purpurea

authorship: (Walter) S.F.Blake

epithet: purpurea

preferred: eastern false dragonhead

Dracocephalum obovatum

authorship: Elliott

Dracocephalum purpureum

authorship: (Walter) E.M.McClint. ex Gleason

Physostegia obovata

authorship: (Elliott) R.K.Godfrey ex Weath.

Physostegia virginiana var. obovata

authorship: (Elliott) A.Gray

Prasium purpureum

authorship: Walter

codes: FLA GEO NCA SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 432 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
eastern false dragonhead
False Dragonhead

partners:
Atrytone delaware
Atrytonopsis loammi
Ceratina floridana
Lerema accius

published_in: Rhodora 17: 134


slug: physostegia-virginiana

scientific: Physostegia virginiana

authorship: (L.) Benth.

epithet: virginiana

preferred: obedient plant

source: inat

Dracocephalum denticulatum

authorship: Aiton

name: Dracocephalum denticulatum var. obovatum

authorship: Farw.

Dracocephalum formosius

authorship: (Lunell) Rydb.

Dracocephalum lancifolium

authorship: Moench

Dracocephalum louisianum

authorship: Lem.

Dracocephalum regelii

authorship: Voss

Dracocephalum speciosum

authorship: Sweet

Dracocephalum variegatum

authorship: Vent.

Dracocephalum virginianum

authorship: L.

Dracocephalum virginianum var. album

authorship: Nutt.

name: Dracocephalum virginianum var. granulosum

authorship: (Fassett) Core

name: Dracocephalum virginianum var. speciosum

Physostegia denticulata

authorship: (Aiton) Britton

Physostegia formosior

authorship: Lunell

Physostegia granulosa

authorship: Fassett

Physostegia imbricata

authorship: Hook.

Physostegia latidens

authorship: House

Physostegia praemorsa

authorship: Shinners

Physostegia pulchella

authorship: Jacques

Physostegia speciosa

authorship: (Sweet) Sweet

Physostegia virginiana f. alba

authorship: (J.W.Moore) B.Boivin

Physostegia virginiana f. candida

authorship: Benke

Physostegia virginiana unranked alba

authorship: J.R.Duncan & V.C.Davies

Physostegia virginiana var. arenaria

authorship: Shimek

Physostegia virginiana var. denticulata

authorship: (Aiton) Chapm.

Physostegia virginiana var. formosior

authorship: (Lunell) B.Boivin

Physostegia virginiana var. granulosa

authorship: (Fassett) Fernald

Physostegia virginiana var. speciosa

authorship: (Sweet) A.Gray

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALA ABT ARK BRC CNT WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LAB LOU MAI MAN MRY MXE MIC MIN MSO NEB NWH NWM NWY NFL NCA NDA NWT OHI OKL ONT PEN QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS YUK

Alabama

code: ALA

Alberta

code: ABT

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2049 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Физостегия виргинская

names: カクトラノオ ハナトラノオ

names: Фізостегія віргінська

partners:
Ancyloxypha numitor
Andrena illinoensis
Andrena salictaria
Arge humeralis
Bombus
Bracon simplex
Ceropales fulvipes
Coelioxys modesta

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Bombus fervidus
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus
Bombus affinis
Bombus auricomus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens

partners:
Apis mellifera
Asterocampa celtis
Atalopedes huron
Bombus affinis
Bombus auricomus
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fraternus
Bombus griseocollis

partners:
Aellopos titan
Agapostemon virescens
Allograpta obliqua
Anthidium manicatum
Anthophora terminalis
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Battus philenor

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: phytelephas-aequatorialis

scientific: Phytelephas aequatorialis

authorship: Spruce

genus: Phytelephas

epithet: aequatorialis

family: Arecaceae

Palandra aequatorialis

authorship: (Spruce) O.F.Cook

Ecuador

code: ECU

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Western South America

lifeform: tree

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Pectin

activities: Antiatheromic Antibacterial Antidiabetic Antidiarrheic Antienteritic Antigallstone Antigastritic Antilithic

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

names:
Ecuadorian Ivory Palm
Ecuadorian Tagua Palm

value: tree

source: EOL TraitBank / Palm Traits 1.0

value: woody

value: phanerophyte

label: Height

category: Size

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

authors: Spruce

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phytelephas-tenuicaulis

scientific: Phytelephas tenuicaulis

authorship: (Barfod) A.J.Hend.

epithet: tenuicaulis

published_in: Palms Amazon : 291 (1995)

name: Phytelephas macrocarpa subsp. tenuicaulis

authorship: Barfod

codes: BOL CLM ECU PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

Peru

code: PER

lifeform: shrub or tree

names: Chapi Omakaba

value: palm

value: nanophanerophyte

value: 6 m

authors: (Barfod) A.J.Hend.

published_in: Palms Amazon 291 (1995):

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phyteuma-betonicifolium

scientific: Phyteuma betonicifolium

authorship: Vill.

genus: Phyteuma

epithet: betonicifolium

family: Campanulaceae

published_in: Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 518 (1787)

Phyteuma betonicifolium f. pubescens

authorship: (A.DC.) Rich.Schulz

name: Phyteuma betonicifolium var. lanceolatum

name: Phyteuma betonicifolium var. sessilifolium

Phyteuma elegans

authorship: Hegetschw.

Phyteuma michelii subsp. betonicifolium

authorship: (Vill.) Nyman

Phyteuma michelii subsp. scaposum

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) P.Fourn.

Phyteuma michelii var. sessilifolium

authorship: (A.DC.) Rouy

Phyteuma michelii var. veronicifolium

authorship: (Schrad. ex A.DC.) Nyman

Phyteuma spicatum var. betonicifolium

authorship: (Vill.) Lapeyr.

Phyteuma veronicifolium

authorship: Schrad. ex A.DC.

codes: AUT FRA GER ITA YUG SWI

Austria

code: AUT

continent: EUROPE

region: Middle Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1850 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник буквицелистный

names:
Raiponce a feuilles de betoine
Raiponce à feuilles de Bétoine

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Apis mellifera
Bombus alpinus
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus soroeensis

partners:
Bombus pratorum
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Apis mellifera
Bombus alpinus
Bombus lapidarius

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphis fabae
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus

value: deciduous

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Jun-Sep

authors: Vill.

published_in: Hist. Pl. Dauphiné (Villars) 2: 518, t. 12


slug: phyteuma-confusum

scientific: Phyteuma confusum

authorship: Kern.

epithet: confusum

published_in: Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol 15: 247 (1870)

Phyteuma hemisphaericum subsp. confusum

authorship: (A.Kern.) Nyman

Phyteuma latifolium

authorship: Dalla Torre

codes: ALB AUT BUL YUG ROM

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 143 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: Jul-Sep

authors: Kern.

published_in: Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xv. (1870) 247

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phyteuma-globulariifolium

scientific: Phyteuma globulariifolium

authorship: Sternb. & Hoppe

epithet: globulariifolium

published_in: Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 1(2): 100 (1818)

Phyteuma capituliforme

authorship: Rochel

name: Phyteuma globulariifolium subsp. pedemontanum

authorship: (R.Schulz) Bech.

name: Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. transsilvanicum

authorship: Schur

Phyteuma parviflorum

authorship: Mutel

Phyteuma pauciflorum

authorship: L.

name: Phyteuma pauciflorum subsp. globulariifolium

authorship: (Sternb. & Hoppe) Nyman

name: Phyteuma pauciflorum subsp. pedemontanum

Phyteuma pauciflorum var. nanum

authorship: (Schur) Schur

Rapunculus pauciflorus

authorship: Mill.

codes: AUT FRA ITA SPA SWI

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 340 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник малоцветковый

names:
Raiponce a feuilles de globulaire
Raiponce du Piémont

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Chelostoma campanularum
Chelostoma distinctum
Chelostoma foveolatum

partners:
Zygaena exulans
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Chelostoma campanularum
Chelostoma distinctum

authors: Sternb. & Hoppe

published_in: Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg i. II. (1818) 100; Hegetschw. ReisenGebirgsstock, 146


slug: phyteuma-hedraianthifolium

scientific: Phyteuma hedraianthifolium

epithet: hedraianthifolium

published_in: Monogr. Phyteuma : 150 (1904)

name: Phyteuma hedraianthifolium f. graminifolium

codes: ITA SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 95 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Raetische Rapunzel
Rätische Rapunzel

names:
Raiponce rhetique
Raiponce rhétique

value: Jul-Aug

published_in: Monogr. Phyteuma 150

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phyteuma-hemisphaericum

scientific: Phyteuma hemisphaericum

epithet: hemisphaericum

Phyteuma gaussenii

authorship: Chouard

Phyteuma graminifolium

authorship: Sieber

Phyteuma hemisphaericum f. tatianae

authorship: Pînzaru

name: Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. carinthiacum

name: Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. graminifolium

authorship: (Sieber) Schur

name: Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. hedraianthoides

name: Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. platyphyllum

Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. setaceum

authorship: Hegetschw.

Phyteuma hemisphaericum var. subacaule

authorship: Rouy

Rapunculus hemisphaericus

authorship: (L.) Mill.

codes: AUT FRA GER ITA SPA SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1544 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник полусферический

names:
Halbkuglige Teufelskralle
Artengruppe Halbkugelige Teufelskralle

names:
Raiponce hemispherique
Raiponce hémisphérique

names:
Fiteuma hemisfèrica
fiteuma hemisfèric

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Chelostoma campanularum
Chelostoma distinctum
Chelostoma rapunculi

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

source: Wikidata


slug: phyteuma-nigrum

scientific: Phyteuma nigrum

epithet: nigrum

Phyteuma atropurpureum

authorship: Hoppe

Phyteuma halleri subsp. nigrum

authorship: (F.W.Schmidt) Arcang.

Phyteuma spicatum subsp. nigrum

authorship: (F.W.Schmidt) Weeda

Phyteuma spicatum var. atropurpureum

authorship: (Hoppe) Steud.

Phyteuma spicatum var. caerulescens

authorship: Godr.

codes: AUT BLR BGM RUC CZE FRA GER RUW

Belarus

code: BLR

region: Eastern Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1434 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Black
Black Rampion

names: Кольник чёрный

names:
Schwarze Teufelskralle
Schwarze Rapunzel

names:
Raiponce bleue
Raiponce noire

names:
Blekgul daglilja
Spansknäva

names:
Blå rapunsel
Rundbladet storkenæb

names:
svart vadderot
svartvadderot

names: Кольнік чорны

names:
svartvadderot
svart vadderot

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Callistege mi
Chelostoma campanularum
Chelostoma distinctum

partners:
Callistege mi
Polyommatus icarus

partners:
Aphis fabae
Bombus pratorum
Carterocephalus palaemon
Cleopomiarus plantarum
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Miarus campanulae
Philaenus spumarius
Pieris brassicae

value: May-Jun

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: phyteuma-orbiculare

scientific: Phyteuma orbiculare

epithet: orbiculare

Phyteuma angustatum

authorship: Wender.

Phyteuma austriacum

authorship: Beck

Phyteuma austriacum var. vestitum

authorship: Murr

Phyteuma brevifolium

authorship: Schleich.

Phyteuma cordifolium

authorship: Vill.

Phyteuma corsicum

authorship: Sieber ex Rochel

Phyteuma delphinense

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.

Phyteuma delphinense f. hispidum

authorship: (Hegetschw. ex Rich.Schulz) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.

Phyteuma delphinense var. vestitum

authorship: (Murr) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.

name: Phyteuma ellipticifolium var. pauciflorum

Phyteuma eynense

authorship: (Sennen) Sennen

Phyteuma fistulosum

authorship: Rchb.

Phyteuma inaequatum

authorship: Kit. ex Schult.

Phyteuma obtusifolium

authorship: Freyn

Phyteuma orbiculare f. hispidum

authorship: Hegetschw. ex Rich.Schulz

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. anglicum

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) P.Fourn.

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. austriacum

authorship: (Beck) Nyman

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. cinerascens

authorship: Gaudin

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. ellipticum

authorship: (Pers.) Gaudin

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. fistulosum

authorship: (Rchb.) Nyman

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. ibericum

authorship: (Schulz) Masclans

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. lanceolatum

authorship: (Vill.) Arcang.

Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. tenerum

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) P.D.Sell

Phyteuma orbiculare var. alpinum

authorship: Schur

Phyteuma orbiculare var. ciliata

authorship: Gajić

Phyteuma orbiculare var. comosum

authorship: Steud.

Phyteuma orbiculare var. cordifolium

authorship: (Vill.) Griseb.

Phyteuma orbiculare var. decipiens

authorship: (Gaudin) A.DC.

Phyteuma orbiculare var. ellipticum

authorship: Pers.

Phyteuma orbiculare var. fistulosum

authorship: (Rchb.) Steud.

Phyteuma orbiculare var. inaequatum

authorship: (Kit. ex Schult.) Nyman

Phyteuma orbiculare var. lanceolatum

authorship: (Vill.) Pers.

Phyteuma orbiculare var. montanum

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) Hayek & Hegi

name: Phyteuma orbiculare var. pseudorbiculare

authorship: (Pantan.) Nyman

Phyteuma pancicii

authorship: Rohlena

Phyteuma pseudoorbiculare

authorship: Pant.

name: Phyteuma pseudorbiculare f. angustifolium

Phyteuma sallei

authorship: Sennen & Elias

Phyteuma scorzonerifolium var. eynense

authorship: Sennen

Rapunculus sylvestris

authorship: Bubani

codes: ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM CZE FRA GER GRB GRC HUN ITA YUG RUW POL ROM SPA SWI UKR

Baltic States

code: BLT

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2008 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник округлый

names:
Raiponce globuleuse
Raiponce orbiculaire

names: Фітеума куляста

partners:
Andrena curvungula
Bombus
Bombus pratorum
Bombus pyrenaeus
Bombus soroeensis
Bombus wurflenii
Drymeia alpicola
Episyrphus balteatus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus pratorum
Eupeodes luniger
Bombus
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus terrestris
Eristalis tenax
Helophilus trivittatus

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphis fabae
Boloria selene

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: phyteuma-ovatum

scientific: Phyteuma ovatum

authorship: Honck.

epithet: ovatum

published_in: Verz. Gew. Teutschl. 1: 653 (1782)

Phyteuma alpestre

authorship: Rouy

Phyteuma haleri

authorship: All.

Phyteuma halleri var. caerulescens

authorship: Bonnet

Phyteuma halleri var. pseudonigrum

authorship: Murr

Phyteuma ovale

authorship: Hoppe

Phyteuma spicatum subsp. alpestre

authorship: (Godr.) Kerguélen

Phyteuma spicatum var. alpestre

authorship: Godr.

Austria

code: AUT

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 679 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Raiponce ovale, Raiponce ovoïde, Raiponce de Haller

value: herb

value: 1 m

value: Jun-Aug

authors: Honck.

published_in: Verzeichn. Gewachse Teutschl. i. 653 (1782); Becherer in Candollea, iv. 61(1929)


slug: phyteuma-persicifolium-hoppe-ex-a-dc

scientific: Phyteuma persicifolium

authorship: Hoppe ex A.DC.

epithet: persicifolium

codes: AUT ITA YUG

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 313 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Hoppe ex A.DC.

published_in: Monogr. Campan. 196


slug: phyteuma-persicifolium-hoppe

name: Phyteuma betonicifolium subsp. zahlbruckneri

authorship: (Vest) Hayek

name: Phyteuma betonicifolium var. persicifolium

authorship: (Hoppe ex A.DC.) Steud.

Phyteuma michelii var. persicifolium

authorship: (Hoppe ex A.DC.) Nyman

name: Phyteuma persicifolium var. angustissimum

name: Phyteuma scorzonerifolium var. persicifolium

authorship: (Hoppe ex A.DC.) St.Lag.

Phyteuma zahlbrukneri

authorship: Vest


slug: phyteuma-scheuchzeri

scientific: Phyteuma scheuchzeri

epithet: scheuchzeri

published_in: Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. : 11 (1773)

Phyteuma charmelii var. serratum

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) Rouy

Phyteuma charmelioides

authorship: Biroli

Phyteuma columnae

authorship: Thomas

name: Phyteuma corniculatum subsp. charmelioides

authorship: (Biroli) Rich.Schulz

Phyteuma corniculatum subsp. columnae

authorship: (E.Thomas) Gaudin

name: Phyteuma corniculatum var. angustifolium

authorship: Gaudin

Phyteuma corniculatum var. serratum

authorship: (W.D.J.Koch) Rich.Schulz

Phyteuma humile

authorship: Roth

Phyteuma ovatum

authorship: Lam.

name: Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. charmelioides

authorship: (Biroli) Hayek

Phyteuma scheuchzeri var. leucanthum

authorship: Schur

Phyteuma scheuchzeri var. michelii

authorship: Schult.

codes: FRA ITA YUG SWI

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 741 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Horned Rampion
Oxford Rampion

names: 球序牧根草 球序裂檐花

names: Кольник Шейхцера

names: hornvadderot kulevadderot

value: non-woody

value: hemicryptophyte

value: perennial

authors: All.


slug: phyteuma-scorzonerifolium

scientific: Phyteuma scorzonerifolium

authorship: Vill.

epithet: scorzonerifolium

published_in: Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 519 (1787)

name: Phyteuma michelii subsp. scorzonerifolium

authorship: (Vill.) Arcang.

Phyteuma michelii var. scorzonerifolium

authorship: (Vill.) Nyman

name: Phyteuma scheuchzeri var. scorzonerifolium

authorship: (Vill.) Pers.

Phyteuma scorzonerifolium f. laxiflorum

authorship: (Beyer) Rich.Schulz

Phyteuma scorzonerifolium f. umbrofilum

authorship: Fiori

name: Phyteuma scorzonerifolium subsp. laxiflorum

authorship: Beyer

name: Phyteuma scorzonerifolium var. pubescens

authorship: Pînzaru

codes: FRA ITA SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 219 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник Шейхцера

names:
Raiponce a feuilles de scorsonere
Raiponce à feuilles de Scorzonère

names:
Raponzolo a foglie di scorzonera
Raponzolo con foglie di scorzonera

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus lucorum
Chelostoma campanularum

partners:
Aphis fabae
Cleopomiarus plantarum
Dasineura phyteumatis
Miarus campanulae
Platycleis albopunctata

published_in: Hist. Pl. Dauphiné (Villars) 2: 519, t. 12


slug: phyteuma-serratum

scientific: Phyteuma serratum

authorship: Viv.

epithet: serratum

published_in: Fl. Cors. Prodr. App.: 1 (1825)

Corse

code: COR

names: Raiponce dentée, Raiponce à feuilles dentées en scie

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

authors: Viv.

published_in: Fl. Cors. Prodr. App.: 1


slug: phyteuma-sieberi

scientific: Phyteuma sieberi

authorship: Spreng.

epithet: sieberi

Phyteuma sieberi f. pygmaeum

authorship: Bolzon

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 282 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник Шейхцера

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Schur

published_in: Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 429


slug: phyteuma-spicatum

scientific: Phyteuma spicatum

authorship: L.

epithet: spicatum

Phyteuma abelis

authorship: Sennen

Phyteuma ambigens

authorship: Rouy

Phyteuma angustifolium

authorship: Ledeb.

Phyteuma bracteatum

authorship: Losa

Phyteuma coeruleum

authorship: Dalla Torre & Sarnth.

Phyteuma elongatum

authorship: Hegetschw.

Phyteuma occidentale

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) G.H.Loos

name: Phyteuma pyrenaicum var. brevibracteatum

Phyteuma rapunculus

authorship: Pers.

Phyteuma spicatum var. coeruleum

authorship: Gremli

authorship: Gren. & Godr.

Phyteuma spicatum var. halleri

authorship: Steud.

Phyteuma spicatum var. jurassicum

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) Hayek & Hegi

Phyteuma spicatum var. pseudohalleri

authorship: Font Quer ex O.Bolòs & Vigo

Phyteuma spicatum var. pyrenaicum

authorship: (Rich.Schulz) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Phyteuma spicatum var. roseum

authorship: Degen & P.Rossi

Rapunculus ovatus

authorship: Bubani

Rapunculus spicatus

authorship: Mill.

codes: ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM CZE DEN FRA GER GRB HUN ITA YUG NET RUW NOR POL ROM SPA SWI UKR

Albania

code: ALB

Denmark

code: DEN

Netherlands

code: NET

Norway

code: NOR

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

Spain

code: SPA

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1943 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник колосистый

names:
Witte en Zwartblauwe rapunzel
Witte rapunzel

names: Фітеума колосиста

partners:
Adscita statices
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Bombus pratorum
Bombus soroeensis

partners:
Adscita statices
Bombus pratorum
Andrena amieti
Andrena curvungula
Andrena pandellei
Andrena rufizona
Bombus alpinus
Bombus soroeensis

partners:
Psodos quadrifaria
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphis fabae
Boloria thore


slug: phyteuma-vagneri

scientific: Phyteuma vagneri

epithet: vagneri

published_in: Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. [Kerner] 3: 107 (1884)

Phyteuma atropurpureum

authorship: Schur

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ROM UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кольник Вагнера

names: Фітеума Вагнера

value: Jul

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phytolacca-acinosa

scientific: Phytolacca acinosa

authorship: Roxb.

genus: Phytolacca

epithet: acinosa

family: Phytolaccaceae

Phytolacca pekinensis

authorship: Hance

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP KOR CHM TAI CHT ASS EHM MYA NEP PAK VIE WHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2045 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
American Pokeweed
Edible Pokeweed

names: 山萝卜 拟囊果芹

names: Лаконос ягодный

names: タケシマヤマゴボウ ヤマゴボウ

names:
Essbare Kermesbeere
Indische Kermesbeere

names: Phytolaque comestible, Phytolaque en grappe de raisin

names:
Cremesina uva turca esculenta
cremesina acinosa

names: jarigong 자리공

names:
Oosterse en Westerse karmozijnbes
Oosterse karmozijnbes

names: Лаконос кістянковий

names:
Asiatisk kermesbær
Kermesspinat

partners:
Anthophila
Bombus pascuorum

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: vine

value: geophyte

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: phytolacca-americana

scientific: Phytolacca americana

authorship: L.

epithet: americana

preferred: American pokeweed

english:
American pokeweed
American Nightshade
American Pokeweed
Cancer Jalap
Coakum
Garget
Inkberry
Pigeon Berry
Pocan Bush
Poke Root
Red Ink Plant
Redweed
Scoke
virginian pokeweed

Phytolacca rigida

authorship: Small

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ALA ARI ARK CAL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SCA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

California

code: CAL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Brunswick

code: NBR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2140 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

Oleanolic-acid

activities: Abortifacient AntiHIV AntiPGE2 AntiTGF-beta Antiallergic Antiarrhythmic Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial

Isoquercitrin

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antibacterial Anticancer Antielastase Antifeedant Antiinflammatory Antinociceptive

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

Betanin

activities: Antioxidant Antiperoxidant Heme-Sparing Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Pigment

names: Лаконос американский

names:
Asiatische Kermesbeere
Amerikanische Kermesbeere

partners:
Andrena salictaria
Anthocomus erichsoni
Bombylius coquilletti
Chalcosyrphus nemorum
Cheilosia capillata
Colletes nudus
Ellychnia corrusca
Elymnias mimalon

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Syritta pipiens
Apis mellifera
Augochlora pura
Polistes fuscatus
Agapostemon
Allograpta obliqua
Ancistrocerus capra

partners:
Abagrotis alternata
Acanalonia conica
Agrochola bicolorago
Anicla infecta
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Bombus impatiens
Cardinalis cardinalis

partners:
Bombycilla cedrorum
Catharus guttatus
Turdus migratorius
Vireo olivaceus
Acalymma vittatum
Catharus fuscescens
Catharus minimus
Catharus ustulatus

partners:
Pokeweed mosaic virus
Potyvirus phytolaccae


slug: phytolacca-bogotensis

scientific: Phytolacca bogotensis

authorship: Kunth

epithet: bogotensis

preferred: southern pokeweed

source: wikidata

Phytolacca australis

authorship: Phil.

Phytolacca parviflora

authorship: Hauman

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS CLC CLS CLM ECU PAR PER VEN

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile South

code: CLS

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1077 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hatun chukllu
Hatun sara

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Patagioenas fasciata albilinea
Penelope dabbenei
Tangara parzudakii
Turdus fuscater gigas

value: tree

value: subshrub

authors: Kunth


slug: phytolacca-dioica

scientific: Phytolacca dioica

epithet: dioica

Phytolacca arborea

authorship: hort. ex Moq.

Phytolacca dioica var. ovatifolia

authorship: Chodat

Pircunia dioica

authorship: (L.) Moq.

Sarcoca dioica

authorship: (L.) Raf.

codes: AGE AGW BZE BZS BZL BZC PAR URU

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Uruguay

code: URU

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1568 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Belhambra Treee
Bella Ombre

names:
bella sombra
ombú

names: 树商陆 樹商陸

names: Bela-sombra Ceboleiro

names: Лаконос двудомный

names:
Belombra
Phytolaque dioïque, Belombra

names: belambra belambraboom

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Alouatta guariba guariba
Empidonomus varius
Euphonia pectoralis
Thraupis cyanoptera
Turdus rufiventris

partners:
Alouatta guariba
Brachyteles arachnoides
Alouatta caraya
Empidonomus varius
Euphonia pectoralis
Pipile jacutinga
Ramphastos dicolorus
Ramphastos vitellinus

source: GIFT

value: woody

value: phanerophyte

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem

value: evergreen

value: deciduous


slug: phytolacca-heterotepala

scientific: Phytolacca heterotepala

epithet: heterotepala

preferred: Mexican pokeweed

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1201 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Catharus guttatus
Mimus polyglottos
Strymon melinus

value: herb

source: USDA PLANTS

published_in: Pflanzenr. IV. 83(Heft 39): 51


slug: phytolacca-icosandra

scientific: Phytolacca icosandra

epithet: icosandra

preferred: tropical pokeweed

Phytolacca icosandra var. sessiliflora

authorship: (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) H.Walter

Phytolacca malabarica

authorship: Crantz

Phytolacca octandra var. angustifolia

authorship: Moq.

Phytolacca purpurascens

authorship: A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Phytolacca sessiliflora

authorship: Kunth & C.D.Bouché

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BOL CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA HAI HON JAM NIC PAN PER PUE TRT VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2034 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tropical pokeweed
Button Pokeweed

partners:
Catharus occidentalis
Epilachna mexicana
Jikradia basipendula

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: phytolacca-japonica

scientific: Phytolacca japonica

authorship: Makino

epithet: japonica

codes: CHN CHS JAP

China North-Central

code: CHN

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 399 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 日本商陆 日本商陸

authors: Makino

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: phytolacca-octandra

scientific: Phytolacca octandra

epithet: octandra

preferred: inkberry

english:
inkberry
red inkplant

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS AGW BOL BZE CLM ELS GAL GUA HON NIC PAR PER VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Colombia

code: CLM

Galápagos

code: GAL

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1965 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
inkberry
red inkplant

names: almorsaca jaboncillo

names: amahashe ayatsala

partners:
Ancistrocerus gazella
Colius striatus
Columba leucomela
Jikradia basipendula
Lopholaimus antarcticus
Macropygia phasianella
Ptilinopus magnificus
Ptilinopus regina


slug: phytolacca-rivinoides

scientific: Phytolacca rivinoides

epithet: rivinoides

published_in: Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1848: 15 (1848)

preferred: Venezuelan pokeweed

Phytolacca macrostachya

authorship: Willd. ex J.A.Schmidt

Phytolacca polystigma

authorship: Benth. ex J.A.Schmidt

Phytolacca polystyla

authorship: Schomb. ex Moq.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS AGW BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZC CPI CLM COS CUB DOM ECU FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Belize

code: BLZ

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Central American Pacific Is.

code: CPI

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1374 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Aulacorhynchus prasinus
Chlorophonia callophrys
Myadestes melanops
Ramphocelus carbo
Spindalis portoricensis
Tachyphonus rufus
Thraupis palmarum
Turdus plebejus

partners:
Carollia perspicillata
Catharus ustulatus
Dumetella carolinensis
Hylocichla mustelina
Amazona mercenarius
Ampelioides tschudii
Anisognathus somptuosus
Arremon brunneinucha


slug: phytolacca-rugosa

scientific: Phytolacca rugosa

epithet: rugosa

published_in: Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1851(App.): 13 (1851)

Phytolacca costaricensis

authorship: Suess.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BOL CLM COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN PER VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1209 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

published_in: Index Seminum [Berlin] 13. 1851; cf. Linnaea, 25: (1852) 297


slug: phytolacca-sandwicensis

scientific: Phytolacca sandwicensis

authorship: Endl.

epithet: sandwicensis

published_in: Ann. Wiener Mus. Naturgesch. 1: 179 (1836)

preferred: Hawai'i pokeweed

Hawaii

code: HAW

continent: PACIFIC

region: North-Central Pacific

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hawai'i pokeweed
Hawaii pokeweed

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

authors: Endl.

published_in: Ann. Wiener Mus. Naturgesch. i. 179, No. 1398 (1836)

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phytolacca-tetramera

scientific: Phytolacca tetramera

epithet: tetramera

published_in: Apuntes Hist. Nat. 1: 108 (1909)

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

lifeform: tuberous subshrub or shrub

authors: Hauman

published_in: Apuntes Hist. Nat. 1: 108

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: phytolacca-thyrsiflora

scientific: Phytolacca thyrsiflora

authorship: Fenzl ex J.A.Schmidt

epithet: thyrsiflora

codes: AGE BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM DOM ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI PAR PER VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Paraguay

code: PAR

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 211 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: therophyte

authors: Fenzl ex J.A.Schmidt

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: piaranthus-geminatus

scientific: Piaranthus geminatus

authorship: (Masson) N.E.Br.

genus: Piaranthus

epithet: geminatus

family: Apocynaceae

Caralluma decora

authorship: (Masson) Schltr.

Caralluma serrulata

authorship: Schltr.

Caruncularia serrulata

authorship: (Jacq.) G.Don

Obesia decora

authorship: (Masson) Haw.

Obesia serrulata

authorship: (Jacq.) Sweet

Orbea decora

authorship: (Masson) Steud.

Piaranthus barrydalensis

authorship: Meve

Piaranthus geminatus var. foetidus

authorship: (N.E.Br.) Meve

Piaranthus globosus

authorship: A.C.White & B.Sloane

Piaranthus serrulatus

authorship: (Jacq.) N.E.Br.

Podanthes geminata

authorship: (Masson) G.Nicholson

Stapelia decora

authorship: Masson

Stapelia serrulata

authorship: Jacq.

Stissera decora

authorship: (Masson) Kuntze

Stissera serrulata

authorship: (Jacq.) Kuntze

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: succulent subshrub

names: 巴利姬笋角 皮氏姬笋角

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 163

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: picardaea-cubensis

scientific: Picardaea cubensis

authorship: (Griseb.) Britton ex Urb.

genus: Picardaea

epithet: cubensis

family: Rubiaceae

Macrocnemum cubense

authorship: Griseb.

Picardaea haitiensis

authorship: Urb.

codes: CUB DOM HAI

Cuba

code: CUB

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: (Griseb.) Britton ex Urb.

published_in: Symb. Antill. (Urban). 7(3): 391

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: picconia-excelsa

scientific: Picconia excelsa

authorship: (Aiton) DC.

genus: Picconia

epithet: excelsa

family: Oleaceae

Notelaea excelsa

authorship: (Aiton) Webb & Berthel.

Olea excelsa

authorship: Aiton

Olea maderiensis

authorship: Steud.

codes: CNY MDR

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Madeira

code: MDR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 315 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names:
Branqueiro
Pau Branco

partners:
Meliscaeva auricollis
Unidentified sp1 M_PL_012

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

label: Flower colour

value: white

value: Jan-Jun

authors: DC.

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: picea-abies

scientific: Picea abies

authorship: (L.) H.Karst.

genus: Picea

epithet: abies

family: Pinaceae

preferred: Norway spruce

english:
Norway spruce
Norway Spruce

source: inat

Abies abies

authorship: (L.) Druce

Abies alpestris

authorship: Brügger

Abies carpatica

authorship: (Loudon) Ravenscr.

Abies cinerea

authorship: Borkh.

Abies clambrasiliana

authorship: Lavallée

Abies communis

authorship: Lindl.

Abies communis var. pendula

authorship: Booth ex P.Lawson

Abies commutata var. mucronata

authorship: Loudon

Abies elegans

authorship: Sm. ex Knight

Abies erythrocarpa

authorship: (Purk.) Nyman

Abies excelsa

authorship: (Lam.) Poir.

Abies excelsa var. argentea

authorship: Berg

Abies excelsa var. columnaris

authorship: Jacques

Abies excelsa var. gregoryana

authorship: Paul ex Gordon

Abies excelsa var. inversa

authorship: Gordon

Abies excelsa var. mucronata

authorship: (Loudon) Loudon

Abies excelsa var. pumila

authorship: Maxwell

Abies excelsa var. viminalis

authorship: (Alstr.) Lindl. & Gordon

Abies excelsa var. vulgaris

authorship: Willk.

Abies gigantea

authorship: Sm. ex Carrière

Abies gregoryana

authorship: H.Low ex Gordon

Abies inverta

authorship: R.Sm. ex Gordon

Abies lemoniana

authorship: Booth ex Gordon

Abies minuta

authorship: Poir.

Abies montana

authorship: Nyman

Abies mucronata

authorship: Rausch ex Carrière

Abies parvula

authorship: Knight

Abies pectinata

authorship: Gilib.

Abies picea

authorship: Mill.

Abies pumila

authorship: Voss

Abies subarctica

authorship: (Schur) Nyman

Abies viminalis

authorship: Wahlenb.

Abies vulgaris

authorship: Wender.

Picea abies f. argentea

authorship: (Beissn.) Rehder

Picea abies f. argenteospica

authorship: (Hesse ex Beissn.) Rehder

Picea abies f. chlorocarpa

authorship: (Purk.) Th.Fr.

Picea abies f. clanbrassiliana

authorship: Rehder

Picea abies f. columnaris

authorship: (Jacques) Rehder

Picea abies f. compacta

authorship: (Booth ex G.Kirchn.) Rehder

Picea abies f. conica

authorship: (Endl.) Rehder

Picea abies f. elegans

authorship: (J.Forbes) Rehder

Picea abies f. ellwangeriana

authorship: (Beissn. & Fitschen) Rehder

Picea abies f. erythrocarpa

authorship: (Purk.) Rehder

Picea abies f. finedonensis

authorship: (Paul ex Gordon) Lindm.

Picea abies f. integrisquamis

authorship: (Carrière) P.A.Schmidt

Picea abies f. inversa

authorship: (Gordon) Rehder

Picea abies f. maxwellii

authorship: (Maxwell) Rehder

Picea abies f. microsperma

authorship: (Hornibr.) Rehder

Picea abies f. monstrosa

authorship: (Loudon) Rehder

Picea abies f. nana

authorship: (Wender.) Rehder

Picea abies f. nigra

authorship: (Loudon) Th.Fr.

Picea abies f. pendula

authorship: Sylvén

Picea abies f. procumbens

authorship: (Carrière) Rehder

Picea abies f. pumila

authorship: (Maxwell) Voss

Picea abies f. pumila-glauca

authorship: (A.H.Kent) Rehder

Picea abies f. remontii

authorship: (R.Sm.) Rehder

Picea abies f. viminalis

authorship: (Alstr.) Lindm.

Picea abies f. virgata

authorship: (Jacques) Lindm.

Picea abies subsp. acuminata

authorship: (Beck) Parfenov

Picea abies subsp. europaea

authorship: (Tepl.) Hyl.

Picea abies var. alpestris

authorship: (Brügger) P.A.Schmidt

Picea abies var. arctica

authorship: Lindq.

Picea abies var. inversa

authorship: (Gordon) Nash

codes: ALB AUT BLT BLR BUL RUC CZE RUE FIN FRA GER GRC HUN ITA YUG RUN RUW NOR POL ROM SWE SWI TUE UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2012 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ялина європейська

partners:
Adelges abietis
Calocera furcata
Carabus creutzeri kircheri
Carabus hortensis
Carabus intricatus
Carabus purpurascens
Carabus sylvestris sylvestris
Carabus violaceus

partners:
Acanthophila latipennella
Chionodes electella
Cydia strobilella
Dichelia histrionana
Dioryctria abietella
Eupithecia analoga
Monochamus sartor urussovii
Panthea coenobita

partners:
Anaphes
Anogmus
Anogmus hohenheimensis
Anogmus hungaricus
Anogmus piceae
Anogmus strobilorum
Anogmus vala
Aphycoides clavellatus

partners:
Chrysomyxa rhododendri
Boeremia exigua
Cadophora
Ceratocystis
Cladophialophora chaetospira
Coniochaeta hoffmannii
Coniochaeta sp. A14
Coniochaeta sp. A29

partners:
Chrysomyxa abietis
Pityogenes chalcographus
Rossmanomyces pyrolae
Thekopsora areolata

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)


slug: picea-breweriana

scientific: Picea breweriana

epithet: breweriana

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 378. (1885)

preferred: Brewer's Spruce

english:
Brewer spruce
Brewer's Spruce
Weeping Spruce

Pinus breweriana

authorship: (S.Watson) Voss

codes: CAL ORE

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 461 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names:
Brewer's Spruce
Brewer Spruce

names: 布魯爾氏雲杉 布鲁尔垂枝云杉

names:
Épicéa de Brewer
Épinette de Brewer

names:
Brewers treurspar
Sluierspar

names: Жалосна смрча

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness

label: Life form

label: Growth rate

value: slow

label: Foliage colour

value: green

value: perennial

value: red

label: Bloom period

value: Early Summer


slug: picea-chihuahuana

scientific: Picea chihuahuana

authorship: Martínez

epithet: chihuahuana

published_in: Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 31. (1942)

preferred: Chihuahua Spruce

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

names:
cahuite espinoso
guayamé

names: 吉娃娃雲杉 契瓦瓦雲杉

names:
Ель чихуахуа
Чихуахуана

names: Chihuahua-Fichte Chihuahuafichte

names:
Épicéa de Chihuahua
Épinette de Chihuahua

names: Чиуауаись кӧз

names: Чиуауаысь кыз

value: tree

label: Photosynthetic pathway

authors: Martínez

published_in: Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 31, fig. 1-4


slug: picea-engelmannii

scientific: Picea engelmannii

authorship: Parry ex Engelm.

epithet: engelmannii

published_in: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 212. (1863)

preferred: Engelmann Spruce

english:
Engelmann Spruce
Engelmann spruce
Engelmann's spruce

Abies commutata

authorship: (Parl.) Gordon

Abies engelmannii

authorship: Parry

Abies nigra

authorship: Engelm.

Picea columbiana

authorship: Lemmon

authorship: (Lemmon) Beissn.

Picea engelmannii f. argentea

authorship: Beissn.

Picea engelmannii f. fendleri

authorship: (A.Henry) Rehder

Picea engelmannii f. glauca

authorship: (R.Sm.) Beissn.

Picea engelmannii f. microphylla

authorship: Hesse ex Beissn.

Picea engelmannii f. pendula

authorship: Schelle

Picea engelmannii var. glabra

authorship: Goodman

Picea glauca subsp. engelmannii

authorship: (Parry ex Engelm.) T.M.C.Taylor

Picea glauca var. engelmannii

authorship: (Parry ex Engelm.) B.Boivin

Pinus commutata

authorship: Parl.

codes: ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MXE MNT NEV NWM ORE UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2019 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Engelmann Spruce
Columbian spruce

names: 恩格曼雲杉 枞胶云杉

names: Ель Энгельмана

names: engeruman-supurūsu エンゲルマントウヒ

names: Engelmann-Fichte Engelmannfichte

names:
Épicéa de l'Arizona
Épicéa d’Engelmann

names:
Peccio di Engelmann
picea di Engelmann

names: Ялина Енгельмана

names: Engelmanngran engelmannsgran

label: Visited by

label: Eaten by

partners:
Aphrophora saratogensis
Choristoneura fumiferana
Choristoneura occidentalis
Loxia curvirostra
Argyrotaenia occultana
Canachites canadensis
Choristoneura
Choristoneura biennis

partners:
Asaphes hirsutus
Chrysomyxa abietis
Eurytoma pissodis
Megastigmus atedius
Melanophila acuminata
Melanophila drummondi
Rhopalicus pulchripennis
Torymus azureus

type: hasHost

label: Hosts


slug: picea-glauca

scientific: Picea glauca

authorship: (Moench) Voss

epithet: glauca

published_in: Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 93. (1907)

preferred: white spruce

english:
white spruce
Canadian Spruce
White Spruce

Abies alba

authorship: (Aiton) Michx.

Abies alba var. nana

authorship: Jacques

authorship: Dicks. ex Loudon

Abies alba var. virescens

authorship: (R.Hinterh. & J.Hinterh.) Nyman

Abies arctica

authorship: A.Murray bis

Abies canadensis

authorship: Mill.

Abies coerulea

authorship: Lodd. ex J.Forbes

Abies laxa

authorship: (Münchh.) K.Koch

Abies rubra var. violacea

authorship: Loudon

Abies virescens

authorship: R.Hinterh. & J.Hinterh.

Picea alba

authorship: (Castigl.) Link

Picea alba var. foetida

authorship: Penh.

Picea alba var. pendula

authorship: Carrière

Picea canadensis

authorship: (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

Picea canadensis f. parva

authorship: Vict.

Picea canadensis var. albertiana

authorship: Rehder

Picea canadensis var. glauca

authorship: (Moench) Sudw.

Picea canadensis var. pendula

authorship: (Moench) C.K.Schneid.

Picea coerulea

authorship: (Lodd. ex J.Forbes) Link

Picea glauca f. aurea

authorship: (J.Nelson) Rehder

Picea glauca f. nana

authorship: (Jacques) Rehder

Picea glauca f. parva

authorship: Fernald & Weath.

Picea glauca subsp. ogilviei

authorship: Silba

Picea glauca var. pendula

authorship: (Carrière) Hornibr.

Picea laxa

authorship: Sarg.

Pinus abies var. alba

authorship: (Jacques) Antoine

Pinus abies var. laxa

authorship: Münchh.

Pinus alba

authorship: Aiton

Pinus alba var. arctica

authorship: (A.Murray bis) Parl.

Pinus alba var. nana

authorship: (Jacques) Endl.

Pinus canadensis

authorship: (Mill.) Du Roi

Pinus canadensis var. alba

authorship: Castigl.

Pinus coerulea

authorship: Lodd. ex Loudon

Pinus glauca

authorship: Moench

Pinus laxa

authorship: (Münchh.) Ehrh.

Pinus virescens

authorship: Neilr.

codes: ASK ABT BRC IDA LAB MAI MAN MIC MIN MNT NBR NWH NWY NFL NWT NSC NUN ONT PEI QUE SAS SDA VER WIS WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Labrador

code: LAB

region: Eastern Canada

Maine

code: MAI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Manitoba

code: MAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1964 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Bornyl-acetate

activities: (-)-Chronotropic (-)-Inotropic Antibacterial Antifeedant Antispasmodic Antiviral Expectorant FLavor

Dipentene

activities: Allergenic Antibacterial Antiviral Expectorant Irritant Pesticide Sedative

Beta-pinene

activities: Allergenic Antiinflammatory Antiseptic Antispasmodic Candidicide FLavor Herbicide Insectifuge

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

names:
Schimmel-Fichte, Kanadische Fichte
Schimmelfichte

partners:
Adelges cooleyi
Andrena bradleyi
Andrena frigida
Camponotus herculeanus
Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli
Gloeophyllum sepiarium
Lymantria dispar
Neriene radiata

partners:
Anavitrinella pampinaria
Besma quercivoraria
Campaea perlata
Caripeta angustiorata
Caripeta divisata
Choristoneura fumiferana
Choristoneura rosaceana
Cingilia catenaria

partners:
Anogmus planus
Aprostocetus anthophilus
Asaphes hirsutus
Chrysomyxa abietis
Chrysomyxa pirolata
Dicladocerus vulgaris
Megastigmus atedius
Mesopolobus verditer

partners:
Armillaria mellea
Endoconidiophora rufipennis
Grosmannia abietina
Grosmannia penicillata
Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii


slug: picea-jezoensis

scientific: Picea jezoensis

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière

epithet: jezoensis

published_in: Traité Gén. Conif. 255. (1855)

preferred: Jezo Spruce

english:
Jezo Spruce
Yeddo Spruce
Yezo Spruce
dark-bark spruce

Abies ajanensis

authorship: (Fisch. ex Carrière) Rupr. & Maxim.

authorship: Lindl. & Gordon

Abies ajanensis var. microsperma

authorship: (Lindl.) Mast.

Abies jezoensis

authorship: Siebold & Zucc.

Abies microsperma

authorship: Lindl.

Picea ajanensis

authorship: Fisch. ex Carrière

Picea ajanensis var. subintegerrima

authorship: Trautv. & C.A.Mey.

Picea hondoensis

authorship: Mayr

Picea jezoensis f. kamtchatkensis

authorship: (Lacass.) S.L.Tung & Y.L.Chou

Picea jezoensis subsp. ajanensis

authorship: (Fisch. ex Carrière) Silba

Picea jezoensis subsp. komarovii

authorship: (V.N.Vassil.) Silba

Picea jezoensis subsp. microsperma

authorship: (Lindl.) Silba

Picea jezoensis var. ajanensis

authorship: (Fisch. ex Carrière) W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu

Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis

authorship: (Mayr) Rehder

Picea jezoensis var. koreana

authorship: Uyeki

Picea jezoensis var. microsperma

authorship: (Lindl.) W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu

Picea kamtchatkensis

authorship: Lacass.

Picea manshurica

authorship: Nakai

Picea microsperma

authorship: (Lindl.) Carrière

Picea yezomonii

authorship: Beissn.

Pinus firma var. jezoensis

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl.

Pinus hondoensis

authorship: (Mayr) Voss

Pinus jezoensis

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) Antoine

Pinus jezoensis f. microsperma

authorship: (Lindl.) Voss

Pseudotsuga jezoensis

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) W.R.McNab

Tsuga ajanensis

authorship: (Fisch. ex Carrière) Regel

codes: JAP KAM KHA KOR KUR MAG CHM PRM SAK YAK

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

region: Russian Far East

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Magadan

code: MAG

Manchuria

code: CHM

region: China

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Yakutiya

code: YAK

region: Siberia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 563 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Jezo Spruce
Dark-bark spruce

names: Ezo-matsu kuro-ezo

names:
Épicéa du Japon
Épicéa du Japon, Épicéa de Yéso

partners:
Pithyotettix orientalis
Pithyotettix sichotensis
Choristoneura diversana
Pandemis chlorograpta
Zeiraphera suzukii

partners:
Ameromicrus piceae
Calosota microspermae
Coccophagus physokermis
Comperiella indica
Euderus jezoensis
Megastigmus
Megastigmus ezomatsuanus
Metacolus unifasciatus


slug: picea-koraiensis

scientific: Picea koraiensis

epithet: koraiensis

preferred: Korean Spruce

Picea koraiensis subsp. pungsanensis

authorship: (Uyeki) Silba

Picea koraiensis subsp. tonaiensis

authorship: (Nakai) Silba

Picea koraiensis var. intercedens

authorship: (Nakai) S.L.Tung & Y.L.Chou

authorship: (Nakai) Y.L.Chou

Picea koraiensis var. nenjiangensis

authorship: S.Q.Nie & X.Y.Yuan

Picea koraiensis var. tonaiensis

authorship: (Nakai) T.Lee

Picea koyamae var. koraiensis

authorship: (Nakai) Liou & Z.Wang

Picea pungsanensis

authorship: Uyeki ex Nakai

codes: CHI KOR CHM PRM

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

names: 红皮云杉 沙树

names:
Jel Koreiskaya
Ель корейская

names:
Épicéa de Corée
Épinette de Corée

partners:
Comperiella indica
Dibrachys koraiensis
Eurytoma longicauda
Megastigmus
Megastigmus ezomatsuanus
Rhopalicus tutela
Tomicobia longitemporum

label: Height

label: Life cycle

authors: Nakai

published_in: Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 195


slug: picea-mariana

scientific: Picea mariana

authorship: Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

epithet: mariana

preferred: black spruce

english:
black spruce
Black Spruce
Bog Spruce
Swamp Spruce

Abies denticulata

authorship: Michx.

Abies mariana

authorship: Mill.

Abies nigra

authorship: (Castigl.) Du Roi

Abies nigra var. pumila

authorship: Knight ex Gordon

Peuce rubra

authorship: Rich.

Picea brevifolia

authorship: Peck

Picea ericoides

authorship: Bean

Picea mariana f. beissneri

authorship: (Rehder) Rehder

Picea mariana f. doumetii

authorship: (Carrière) O.L.Lipa

Picea mariana f. empetroides

authorship: Vict. & J.Rousseau

Picea mariana f. ericoides

authorship: (Bean) Rehder

Picea mariana f. fastigiata

authorship: Rehder

Picea mariana f. grisea

authorship: Vict.

Picea mariana f. nana

authorship: (Beissn.) Rehder

Picea mariana f. semiprostrata

authorship: (Peck) S.F.Blake

Picea mariana var. brevifolia

authorship: (Peck) Rehder

Picea mariana var. pendula

authorship: Fitschen

Picea mariana var. pendula-variegata

authorship: (Hornibr.) Fitschen

Picea mariana var. semiprostrata

authorship: (Peck) Teeri

Picea nigra

authorship: (Castigl.) Link

Picea nigra var. doumetii

authorship: Carrière

Picea nigra var. pendula-variegata

authorship: Hornibr.

Picea nigra var. semiprostrata

authorship: (Peck) Brainerd, L.R.Jones & Eggl.

Pinus abies var. mariana

authorship: (Mill.) Münchh.

Pinus canadensis var. nigra

authorship: (Aiton) Du Roi

Pinus canadensis var. nigricans

authorship: Weston

Pinus denticulata

authorship: (Michx.) Muhl.

Pinus mariana

authorship: (Mill.) Du Roi

Pinus marylandica

authorship: Antoine

Pinus nigra

authorship: Aiton

codes: ASK ABT BRC CNT ILL LAB MAI MAN MAS MIC MIN NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NWT NSC NUN ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS VER WIS YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Connecticut

code: CNT

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Labrador

code: LAB

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

New Jersey

code: NWJ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1936 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Terpinolene

activities: Allelochemic Antifeedant Antinitrosaminic Antioxidant Deodorant FLavor Fungicide Perfumery

names: Epicéa noir, Epinette noire, Sapinette noire

partners:
Aphrophora saratogensis
Caripeta divisata
Choristoneura fumiferana
Cingilia catenaria
Dysstroma truncata
Ectropis crepuscularia
Epinotia nanana
Epinotia radicana

partners:
Arceuthobium pusillum
Asaphes hirsutus
Megastigmus atedius
Mesopolobus
Tetrastichus
Torymus
Torymus heyeri


slug: picea-morrisonicola

scientific: Picea morrisonicola

authorship: Hayata

epithet: morrisonicola

preferred: Taiwan Spruce

english:
Mount Morrison Spruce
Taiwan Spruce

Taiwan

code: TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 604 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Taiwan Spruce
Mount Morrison Spruce

names:
Taiwan Spruce
Taiwan yun shan

names:
Ель мориссонская
Тайваньская ель

names: Formosafichte Taiwan-Fichte

names:
Épicéa du mont Morrison
Épinette du Mont Morrison

authors: Hayata

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo xxv. Art. 19, 220 (1908)


slug: picea-obovata

scientific: Picea obovata

authorship: Ledeb.

epithet: obovata

preferred: Siberian Spruce

Abies alpestris

authorship: Stein

Abies excelsa var. altaica

authorship: (Tepl.) Willk.

Abies excelsa var. obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) K.Koch

Abies obovata

authorship: Loudon

Picea abies subsp. obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Hultén

Picea abies var. obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Lindq.

Picea alpestris

authorship: Brügger

Picea excelsa var. obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Blytt

Picea obovata subsp. krylovii

authorship: (Luchnik) Silba

Picea obovata subsp. petschorica

authorship: Govor.

Picea obovata var. argentea

authorship: Luchnik

Picea obovata var. coerulea

authorship: Malyschev

Picea vulgaris var. altaica

authorship: Tepl.

Picea wolossowiczii

authorship: Sukaczev

Pinus abies f. obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Voss

Pinus abies var. obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Andersson ex A.Murray bis

Pinus obovata

authorship: (Ledeb.) Turcz.

Pinus obovata var. schrenkiana

authorship: Parl.

codes: ALT AMU BRY CTA IRK KHA KRA MAG MON PRM TVA WSB YAK RUE FIN NOR SWE

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Magadan

code: MAG

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Primorye

code: PRM

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

Finland

code: FIN

region: Northern Europe

Norway

code: NOR

Sweden

code: SWE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2042 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ялина сибірська

partners:
Pithyotettix altaicus
Dendrolimus sibiricus

partners:
Megastigmus ezomatsuanus
Megastigmus strobilobius
Metaphycus sibiricus
Metaphycus taigae


slug: picea-omorika

scientific: Picea omorika

authorship: (Pančić) Purk.

epithet: omorika

published_in: Oesterr. Monatsschr. Forstwesen 27: 446. (1877)

preferred: Serbian Spruce

english:
Serbian Spruce
Serbian spruce

Abies omorika

authorship: (Pančić) Nyman

Picea omorika f. pendula

authorship: Schwer.

Pinus omorika

authorship: Pančić

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

region: Southeastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 155 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Omorikafichte
Serbische Fichte

names:
serbgran
serbisk gran

names: Muljika Omorika

names:
Sbriws Serbia
Sbriwsen Serbia

label: Flowering months

value: May

authors: (Pančić) Mast.

published_in: Gard. Chron. n.s., 21: 308


slug: picea-orientalis

scientific: Picea orientalis

authorship: (L.) Peterm.

epithet: orientalis

published_in: Pflanzenreich 235. (1844)

preferred: Caucasian Spruce

english:
Caucasian Spruce
Oriental Spruce
Oriental spruce

Abies orientalis

authorship: (L.) Poir.

Abies wittmanniana

authorship: Voss

Picea orientalis f. atrovirens

authorship: Schelle

Picea orientalis f. aurea

authorship: (Otto) Beissn.

Picea orientalis f. aureospicata

authorship: Beissn.

Picea orientalis f. nana

authorship: (Carrière) Rehder

Picea orientalis var. aurea

authorship: Otto

Picea orientalis var. nana

authorship: Carrière

Picea wittmanniana

authorship: Fisch. ex Gordon

Pinus orientalis

authorship: L.

codes: NCS TCS TUR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 409 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

names:
Caucasian Spruce
Oriental Spruce

names:
Jel Kavkasskaja
Jel Vostochnaya

label: Parasites

partners:
Adelges nordmannianae
Adelges viridis
Aphycus sumavicus
Megastigmus atedius
Megastigmus strobilobius
Microterys lunatus
Torymus caudatus

value: woody

authors: (L.) Peterm.

published_in: Pflanzenreich [Petermann] 235


slug: picea-pungens

scientific: Picea pungens

authorship: Engelm.

epithet: pungens

preferred: blue spruce

english:
blue spruce
Blue Spruce
Colorado Spruce

Abies commutata var. glauca

authorship: Chargueraud

Abies menziesii var. parryana

authorship: André

Abies parlatorei

authorship: Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.

Picea parryana

authorship: (André) Sarg.

Picea pungens f. argentea

authorship: Branner

Picea pungens f. compacta

authorship: Rehder

Picea pungens f. glauca

authorship: (Regel) Beissn.

Picea pungens f. glauca-pendula

authorship: H.Kost. ex Beissn.

Picea pungens f. hunnewelliana

authorship: (Hornibr.) Rehder

Picea pungens f. kosteriana

authorship: (A.Henry) O.L.Lipa

Picea pungens f. viridis

authorship: (Regel) O.L.Lipa

Picea pungens var. compacta

authorship: (Rehder) Rehder

Picea pungens var. glauca

authorship: Regel

Picea pungens var. hunnewelliana

authorship: Hornibr.

Picea pungens var. pendula

authorship: Zederb.

Pinus parryana

authorship: (André) Voss

codes: ARI COL IDA MNT NWM UTA WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

New Mexico

code: NWM

Utah

code: UTA

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1994 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Abies concolor

slug: abies-concolor

names:
Blue Spruce
Colorado Blue Spruce

names:
Pícea de Colorado
pícea azul

names: 蓝粉云杉 藍雲杉

names:
Ель голубая
Ель колорадская

names: アメリカハリモミ コロラドトウヒ

names: Blau-Fichte Blaufichte

names:
Épicéa du Colorado
Épicéa piquant, Épicéa du Colorado

names:
Abete del Colorado
Peccio del Colorado

names:
Blauwe spar
Blauwspar

names:
Ялина блакитна
Ялина колюча

names:
Brad argintiu
Molid argintiu

names: blågran stickgran

names: אשוחית כחולה

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Passer domesticus
Tremulicerus fulgidus

partners:
Coleotechnites piceaella
Loxia curvirostra
Metcalfa pruinosa pruinosa
Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii
Acleris variana
Archips fumosus
Baeolophus bicolor
Choristoneura fumiferana

partners:
Aphelinus asychis
Aphycoides clavellatus
Chrysomyxa abietis
Euneura sopolis
Eurytoma verticillata
Megastigmus atedius
Megastigmus strobilobius

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens


slug: picea-rubens

scientific: Picea rubens

authorship: Sarg.

epithet: rubens

preferred: red spruce

english:
red spruce
Eastern Spruce
Red Spruce

Abies rubra

authorship: (Du Roi) Poir.

Picea americana

authorship: (Gaertn.) Suringar

Picea australis

authorship: Small

Picea nigra var. rubra

authorship: (Du Roi) Engelm.

Picea rubens f. virgata

authorship: Fernald & Weath.

Picea rubra

authorship: (Du Roi) Link

Picea rubra var. pendula

authorship: Carrière

Picea rubra var. pusilla

authorship: Peck

Pinus abies var. acutissima

authorship: Münchh.

Pinus americana

authorship: Gaertn.

Pinus canadensis var. rubescens

authorship: Watson

Pinus mariana var. rubra

authorship: Du Roi

Pinus rubra

authorship: (Du Roi) D.Don

Pinus rubra var. violacea

authorship: Endl.

codes: CNT MAI MRY MAS NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NSC ONT PEN PEI QUE TEN VER VRG WVA

Connecticut

code: CNT

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Massachusetts

code: MAS

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Prince Edward I.

code: PEI

Québec

code: QUE

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1958 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Picea sitchensis

slug: picea-sitchensis

names:
Red Spruce
Eastern Spruce

names: 紅雲杉 红云杉

names:
Amerikanische Rot-Fichte
Amerikanische Rotfichte

names:
Epinette rouge
Épicéa rouge, Épinette rouge

partners:
Adelges abietis
Neoclytus muricatulus
Xylotrechus integer

partners:
Acleris variana
Choristoneura fumiferana
Amorbia humerosana
Archips alberta
Argyrotaenia occultana
Caripeta angustiorata
Caripeta divisata
Castor canadensis

partners:
Chrysomyxa abietis
Melanophila fulvoguttata


slug: picea-schrenkiana

scientific: Picea schrenkiana

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

epithet: schrenkiana

published_in: Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 10: 253. (1842)

preferred: Asian Spruce

english:
Asian Spruce
Schrenk's Spruce

Abies schrenkiana

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Lindl. & Gordon

Picea morinda subsp. tianschanica

authorship: (Rupr.) Berezin

Picea obovata var. schrenkiana

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Carrière

Picea orientalis var. longifolia

authorship: Ledeb.

Picea prostrata

authorship: Isakov

Picea robertii

authorship: Vipper

Picea schrenkiana f. robertii

authorship: (Vipper) Roldugin

Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica

authorship: (Rupr.) W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu

Picea tianschanica

authorship: Rupr.

Pinus abies f. schrenkiana

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Voss

Pinus orientalis var. longifolia

authorship: (Ledeb.) Ledeb.

Pinus schrenkiana

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Antoine

codes: KAZ KGZ CHX

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 839 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Asian Spruce
Schrenk's Spruce

names: 红皮云杉 雪岭云杉

names:
Jel Schrenka
Ель Шренка

names:
Schrenks Fichte
Tien-Schan-Fichte

names:
Épinette de Schrenk
épicéa de Schrenk

names: Жатаған шырша

partners:
Metaphycus tenuiscapus
Microterys tianshanicus
Microterys turanicus
Sauleia monticola

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness

value: phanerophyte

label: Leaf retention

authors: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

published_in: Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg x. (1842) 253


scientific: Picea sitchensis

authorship: (Bong.) Carrière

epithet: sitchensis

published_in: Traité Gén. Conif. 260. (1855)

preferred: Sitka spruce

english:
Sitka spruce
Sitka Spruce

Abies falcata

authorship: Raf.

Abies menziesii

authorship: (Douglas ex D.Don) Lindl.

Abies merkiana

authorship: Fisch. ex Parl.

Abies sitchensis

authorship: (Bong.) Lindl. & Gordon

Picea falcata

authorship: (Raf.) J.V.Suringar

Picea grandis

authorship: Gordon

Picea menziesii

authorship: (Douglas ex D.Don) Carrière

Picea menziesii var. crispa

authorship: (Antoine) Carrière

Picea sitchensis f. speciosa

authorship: Beissn.

Pinus menziesii

authorship: Douglas ex D.Don

Pinus menziesii var. crispa

authorship: Antoine

Pinus sitchensis

authorship: Bong.

Sequoia rafinesquei

authorship: Carrière

codes: ASK BRC CAL ORE WAS

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

species: Picea rubens

species: Picea glauca

names:
Sitka Spruce
coast spruce

names: Sitka-Fichte Sitkafichte

names:
Épicéa de Sitka
épinette de Sitka

names: Backlök Piplök

names:
Pyrwydden Sitca
Sbriws Sitca

partners:
Acleris variana
Aphrophora permutata
Aphrophora regina
Argyrotaenia pinatubana
Capreolus capreolus
Caripeta divisata
Cervus elaphus
Cervus nippon

partners:
Chrysomyxa abietis
Chrysomyxa ledi var. rhododendri
Eurytoma picea
Eurytoma pissodis
Megastigmus atedius
Megastigmus pinus
Melanophila acuminata
Melanophila drummondi

partners:
Coniferiporia weirii
Heterobasidion annosum
Hormonema
Lophodermium
Mycocentrospora acerina
Phaeolus schweinitzii
Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii
Sirococcus conigenus

label: Life form

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem


slug: picea-spinulosa

scientific: Picea spinulosa

authorship: (Griff.) A.Henry

epithet: spinulosa

preferred: Sikkim Spruce

english:
East Himalayan Spruce
Sikkim Spruce

Abies spinulosa

authorship: Griff.

Picea morindoides

authorship: Rehder

Picea spinulosa subsp. pseudobrachytyla

authorship: (Silba) Silba

Picea spinulosa var. pseudobrachytyla

authorship: Silba

Pinus spinulosa

authorship: (Griff.) Griff.

codes: CHT EHM

Tibet

code: CHT

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

authors: (Griff.) Beissn.

published_in: Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 15: 83


slug: pickeringia-montana

scientific: Pickeringia montana

authorship: Nutt.

genus: Pickeringia

epithet: montana

family: Fabaceae

preferred: chaparral pea

Pickeringia montana subsp. tomentosa

authorship: (Greene) Abrams

Xylothermia montana

authorship: (Nutt.) Greene

Xylothermia montana subsp. tomentosa

authorship: Greene

codes: CAL MXN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

region: Mexico

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1962 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Callophrys muiri
Chlosyne gabbii
Leptotes marina
Ochlodes agricola
Strymon melinus
Vanessa cardui
Celastrina echo
Celastrina ladon echo

partners:
Bombus caliginosus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Celastrina ladon echo
Erynnis propertius
Erynnis tristis
Ochlodes agricola
Selasphorus

value: shrub

authors: Nutt.

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(3): 389


slug: picnomon-acarna

scientific: Picnomon acarna

authorship: (L.) Cass.

genus: Picnomon

epithet: acarna

family: Asteraceae

Carduus acarna

authorship: L.

Carlina acarna

authorship: (L.) M.Bieb.

Carthamus canescens

authorship: Lam.

Cirsium acarna

authorship: (L.) Moench

Cirsium pisidium

authorship: Wettst.

codes: ALG CNY MOR TUN AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS NCS PAL TZK TCS TKM TUR UZB ALB BAL BUL FRA GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR ROM SIC SPA TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Albania

code: ALB

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

Krym

code: KRY

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1154 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Пикномон колючий

names: Колючниця волохата

names: בן-קוצן מאפיר

names: Πίκνομον το Ακαρνανικό

partners:
Carpocoris mediterraneus atlanticus
Orthops kalmii

published_in: Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. [F. Cuvier] 40: 188


slug: picradeniopsis-absinthifolia

scientific: Picradeniopsis absinthifolia

authorship: (Benth.) B.G.Baldwin

genus: Picradeniopsis

epithet: absinthifolia

preferred: hairyseed bahia

source: usda

Bahia absinthifolia

authorship: Benth.

Eriophyllum absinthiifolium

authorship: Kuntze

Picradeniopsis dealbata

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

codes: ARI MXG MXE MXN MXS NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1258 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Margarita de la costa
aceitilla amarilla

partners:
Agapostemon angelicus
Anthophora curta
Halictus ligatus
Megachile astragali
Megachile fucata
Perdita albovittata
Perdita malacothricis

value: non-woody

authors: (Benth.) B.G.Baldwin

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol BAAB

license: public domain


slug: picradeniopsis-multiflora

scientific: Picradeniopsis multiflora

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) B.G.Baldwin

epithet: multiflora

preferred: manyflower false threadleaf

Achyropappus neo-mexicana

authorship: (A.Gray) Rydb.

Achyropappus neomexicanus

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray ex Rydb.

Achyropappus schkuhrioides

authorship: D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.

Amblyopappus neo-mexicana

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

Cephalobembix neomexicana

authorship: Rydb.

Rothia pusilla

authorship: (Wedd.) Kuntze

Schkuhria multiflora

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Schkuhria multiflora var. aristata

authorship: Cabrera

Schkuhria pusilla

authorship: Wedd.

Schkuhria pusilla var. longepedicellata

authorship: Hauman

codes: ARI CAL COL MXE MXN NWM TEX AGW BOL CLN PER URU

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

region: Southern South America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Chile North

code: CLN

Peru

code: PER

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 92 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

value: annual

authors: (Hook. & Arn.) B.G.Baldwin

note: common name, checklist symbol SCMU6

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: picradeniopsis-oppositifolia

scientific: Picradeniopsis oppositifolia

authorship: (Nutt.) Rydb.

epithet: oppositifolia

published_in: Man. Fl. N. States [Britton] 1008. 1901

preferred: oppositeleaf bahia

Bahia oppositifolia

authorship: Nutt.

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Gray

authorship: (Nutt.) DC.

Eriophyllum oppositifolium

authorship: Heynh.

codes: ARI COL KAN MNT NEB NWM NDA OKL SDA TEX WYO

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 109 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
oppositeleaf bahia
Oppositeleaf False Bahia

partners:
Blastothrix brittanica
Blastothrix kuwanai
Cheiloneurus claviger
Encyrtus eulecaniumiae
Encyrtus sasakii
Metaphycus albopleuralis
Microterys kuwanai
Microterys rufofulvus

value: subshrub

authors: (Nutt.) Rydb.

published_in: Man. Fl. N. States [Britton] 1008

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: picradeniopsis-pringlei

scientific: Picradeniopsis pringlei

authorship: (Greenm.) B.G.Baldwin

epithet: pringlei

Bahia pringlei

authorship: Greenm.

codes: MXC MXG MXE

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Greenm.) B.G.Baldwin

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: picramnia-antidesma

scientific: Picramnia antidesma

authorship: Sw.

genus: Picramnia

epithet: antidesma

family: Picramniaceae

published_in: Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. : 27 (1788)

Cicca macrostachya

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Benth.

Picramnia andicola

authorship: Tul.

Picramnia antidesma var. glabrescens

authorship: Planch.

Picramnia antidesma var. microphylla

authorship: Kuntze

Picramnia antidesma var. nervosa

authorship: Planch. ex Hemsl.

Picramnia antidesma var. pubescens

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

Picramnia fessonia

authorship: DC.

Picramnia locuples

authorship: Standl.

Picramnia pistaciaefolia

authorship: S.F.Blake & Standl.

Picramnia tetramera

authorship: Turcz.

Picramnia triandra

authorship: Stokes

Picramnia velutina

authorship: Lundell

Tariri antidesma

authorship: (Sw.) Baill.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS CUB DOM ELS GUA HAI HON JAM NIC PAN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

names: Caregre Chilillo

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens


slug: picramnia-pentandra

scientific: Picramnia pentandra

epithet: pentandra

preferred: Florida bitterbush

Picramnia antidesmoides

authorship: Griseb.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: FLA BAH CLM CUB DOM HAI JAM LEE PUE SWC TRT TCI VEN WIN

Florida

code: FLA

Bahamas

code: BAH

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Southwest Caribbean

code: SWC

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Turks-Caicos Is.

code: TCI

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 169 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Florida bitterbush
Bastard Bough

partners:
Dumetella carolinensis
Pococera

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: picris-albida

scientific: Picris albida

authorship: Ball

genus: Picris

epithet: albida

Picris albida var. chevallieri

authorship: (Batt.) Maire

Picris albida var. concolor

authorship: Maire

Picris chevallieri

authorship: Batt.

Picris coronopifolia subsp. albida

authorship: (Ball) Maire

Picris spitzelioides

authorship: Coss. ex Maire

codes: ALG CHA MOR

Algeria

code: ALG

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: therophyte

authors: Ball

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: picris-angustifolia

scientific: Picris angustifolia

epithet: angustifolia

Picris asperrima

authorship: Lindl.

Picris carolorum-henricorum

authorship: Lack

codes: TAI NSW QLD SOA TAS VIC WAU

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

New South Wales

code: NSW

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Pollinated by

value: Oct-Apr

label: Fruit type

value: achene


slug: picris-burbidgeae

scientific: Picris burbidgeae

epithet: burbidgeae

published_in: in Willdenowia 23: 183. 1993

codes: CTM NSW NFK QLD

Chatham Is.

code: CTM

region: New Zealand

Norfolk Is.

code: NFK

names: Ox-tongue Hawkweed

published_in: Willdenowia 23(1–2): 183, as 'burbidgei'