slug: spiranthes-romanzoffiana

scientific: Spiranthes romanzoffiana

authorship: Cham.

epithet: romanzoffiana

preferred: Hooded Ladies' Tresses

english:
Hooded Ladies' Tresses
Hooded Ladies'-Tresses
Hooded lady's tresses
hooded ladiestresses
hooded lady's tresses

Gyrostachys gemmipara

authorship: (Sm.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys romanzoffiana

authorship: (Cham.) MacMill.

Gyrostachys stricta

authorship: Rydb.

Ibidium romanzoffianum

authorship: (Cham.) House

Ibidium romanzoffianum var. strictum

authorship: (Rydb.) Daniels

Ibidium strictum

authorship: (Rydb.) House

Neottia gemmipara

authorship: Sm.

Orchiastrum romanzoffianum

authorship: (Cham.) Greene

Spiranthes gemmipara

authorship: (Sm.) Lindl.

Spiranthes romanzoffiana var. gemmipara

authorship: (Sm.) Kreutz & M.H.Schot

name: Spiranthes romanzoffiana var. romanzoffiana

Spiranthes romanzoffiana var. stricta

authorship: (Rydb.) Druce

Spiranthes stricta

authorship: (Rydb.) A.Nelson

Triorchis romanzoffianus

authorship: (Cham.) Nieuwl.

Triorchis strictus

authorship: (Rydb.) Nieuwl.

codes: GRB IRE ASK ABT ALU ARI BRC CAL COL CNT IDA ILL INI IOW LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWM NWY NFL NDA NWT NSC NUN OHI ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE SAS SDA UTA VER WAS WIS WYO YUK

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Ireland

code: IRE

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Labrador

code: LAB

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1953 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hooded Ladies'-Tresses
hooded ladiestresses

names:
Amerikanische Drehwurz
Amerikanische Wendelähre

names:
Groene schroeforchis
Romanzoffs Schroeforchis

partners:
Bombus appositus
Bombus morrisoni
Halictus
Lygus pratensis
Panurginus cressoniellus

partners:
Bombus appositus
Halictus
Lygus pratensis
Bombus bifarius
Bombus morrisoni
Bombus perplexus
Junonia grisea
Panurginus cressoniellus

partners:
Halictus
Junonia grisea
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus


slug: spiranthes-sinensis

scientific: Spiranthes sinensis

authorship: (Pers.) Ames

genus: Spiranthes

epithet: sinensis

family: Orchidaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Orchidaceae 2: 53 (1908)

preferred: Chinese Spiranthes

english:
Chinese Spiranthes
Chinese lady's tresses

source: wikidata

Aristotelea spiralis

authorship: Lour.

Epidendrum aristotelea

authorship: Raeusch.

Gyrostachys amoena

authorship: Blume

Gyrostachys australis var. sinensis

authorship: (Pers.) Blume

Ibidium spirale

authorship: (Lour.) Makino

Neottia australis var. chinensis

authorship: Ker Gawl.

authorship: Lindl.

Neottia pudica

authorship: (Lindl.) Sweet

Neottia sinensis

authorship: Pers.

Sarcoglottis pudica

authorship: (Lindl.) P.N.Don

Spiranthes aristotelea

authorship: Merr.

Spiranthes australis var. pudica

authorship: (Lindl.) F.Muell.

Spiranthes australis var. sinensis

authorship: (Pers.) Gagnep.

Spiranthes australis var. suishaensis

authorship: Hayata

Spiranthes indica

authorship: Lindl. ex Steud.

Spiranthes lancea var. chinensis

authorship: (Lindl.) Hatus.

Spiranthes neocaledonica

authorship: Schltr.

Spiranthes sinensis f. autumnus

authorship: Tsukaya

Spiranthes sinensis f. gracilis

authorship: F.Maek. ex Tsukaya

Spiranthes suishaensis

authorship: (Hayata) Schltr.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: REU CHC CHS CHH JAP NNS TAI ASS BAN BIS LAO MYA NWG PHI VIE WAU NWC

Réunion

code: REU

continent: AFRICA

region: Western Indian Ocean

China South-Central

code: CHC

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

Laos

code: LAO

region: Indo-China

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

Philippines

code: PHI

region: Malesia

Vietnam

code: VIE

Western Australia

code: WAU

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

New Caledonia

code: NWC

continent: PACIFIC

region: Southwestern Pacific

lifeform: perennial or tuberous geophyte

climate: temperate

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1998 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
Chinese Spiranthes
Ladies tresses

names: 盘龙参 綬草

names: لولوبة صينية

names: Скрученник китайский

names: ナンゴクネジバナ ネジバナ(旧名)

names:
Chinesische Drehwurz
Chinesische Wendelähre

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Anthidium septemspinosum
Pieris rapae
Ypthima argus

partners:
Pseudozizeeria maha okinawana
Suastus gremius

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: spiranthes-spiralis

scientific: Spiranthes spiralis

authorship: (L.) Chevall.

epithet: spiralis

preferred: Autumn Lady's-tresses

Epipactis spiralis

authorship: (L.) Crantz

Gyrostachys autumnalis

authorship: (Balb.) Dumort.

Gyrostachys spiralis

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Ibidium spirale

authorship: (L.) Salisb.

Neottia autumnalis

authorship: (Balb.) Steud.

Ophrys autumnalis

authorship: Balb.

Ophrys spiralis

authorship: L.

Serapias spiralis

authorship: (L.) Scop.

Spiranthes autumnalis

authorship: (Balb.) Rich.

Spiranthes autumnalis f. oycoviensis

authorship: Zapał.

Spiranthes autumnalis f. parviflora

authorship: Soó

Spiranthes autumnalis var. major

authorship: Rouy

Spiranthes autumnalis var. parviflora

authorship: Schur

Spiranthes glauca

authorship: Raf.

Tussaca autumnalis

authorship: (Balb.) Desv.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALG MOR TUN CYP EAI IRN LBS NCS TCS TUR NEP WHM ALB AUT BAL BGM BUL COR CZE DEN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRI YUG NET POL POR ROM SAR SIC SPA SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Nepal

code: NEP

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1992 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Autumn Lady's-tresses
autumn ladiestresses

names:
Spiranthe d'automne
Spiranthe d'automne, Spiranthe spiralée

names: Скрученик спіральний

names:
Caineirian Nydd-Dro
Caineirian Nydd-Droedig

partners:
Bombus
Ceratina cucurbitina
Chamaesyrphus pruinosomaculata
Chrysotoxum cisalpinum

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus
Chloris chloris

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: spiranthes-sylvatica

scientific: Spiranthes sylvatica

epithet: sylvatica

published_in: N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 7: 194 (2001)

Florida

code: FLA

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 94 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
woodland ladies'-tresses
woodland lady's tresses

names: لولوبة حرجية

license: CC0 / per-source

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

field: phenology

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: spiranthes-torta

scientific: Spiranthes torta

authorship: (Thunb.) Garay & H.R.Sweet

epithet: torta

published_in: Fl. Lesser Antilles, Orchid.: 77 (1974)

preferred: Southern lady's tresses

english:
Southern lady's tresses
southern lady's tresses

Gyrostachys apiculata

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Ibidium quinquelobatum

authorship: (Poir.) Acuña

Ibidium tortile

authorship: (Sw.) House

Ibidium xyridifolium

authorship: Small

Neottia quadridentata

authorship: Willd.

Neottia tortilis

authorship: Sw.

Ophrys peruviana

authorship: Aubl.

Ophrys quinquelobata

authorship: Poir.

Ophrys torta

authorship: Thunb.

Spiranthes amesiana

authorship: Schltr.

Spiranthes apiculata

authorship: Lindl.

Spiranthes quadridentata

authorship: (Willd.) Lindl.

Spiranthes quinquelobata

authorship: (Poir.) Urb.

Spiranthes tortilis

authorship: (Sw.) Rich.

codes: FLA MXG MXT BAH BLZ BER COS CUB DOM FRG GUA HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PUE TRT WIN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

region: Mexico

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Bahamas

code: BAH

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Caribbean

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bermuda

code: BER

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

lifeform: perennial

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 59 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Southern lady's tresses
Southern Ladies' Tresses

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-triloba

scientific: Spiranthes triloba

authorship: (Small) K.Schum.

epithet: triloba

preferred: Panther ladies' tresses

Triorchis trilobus

authorship: (Small) House

Florida

code: FLA

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 142 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

published_in: Just's Bot. Jahresber. 26(1): 339

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spiranthes-tuberosa

scientific: Spiranthes tuberosa

authorship: Raf.

epithet: tuberosa

preferred: Little lady's tresses

english:
Little lady's tresses
little lady's tresses

Gyrostachys grayi

authorship: Britton

Spiranthes grayi

authorship: Ames

Spiranthes tuberosa var. grayi

authorship: (Ames) Fernald

Triorchis grayi

authorship: (Ames) Nieuwl.

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KAN KTY LOU MRY MAS MIC MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL PEN RHO SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Rhode I.

code: RHO

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 967 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Little lady's tresses
Little Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة درنية


slug: spiranthes-vernalis

scientific: Spiranthes vernalis

authorship: Engelm. & A.Gray

epithet: vernalis

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 236 (1845)

preferred: Spring lady's tresses

english:
Spring lady's tresses
spring lady's tresses

Gyrostachys ensifolia

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys linearis

authorship: Rydb.

Gyrostachys praecox

authorship: (Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.) Kuntze

Gyrostachys reverchonii

authorship: Small

Gyrostachys vernalis

authorship: (Engelm. & A.Gray) Kuntze

Ibidium vernale

authorship: (Engelm. & A.Gray) House

Ophrys aestivalis

authorship: Michx.

Spiranthes graminea var. praecox

authorship: Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

Spiranthes reverchonii

authorship: (Small) Cory

Triorchis linearis

authorship: (Rydb.) Nieuwl.

Triorchis xyridifolius

authorship: (Small) Britton

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MAS MXE MXT MSI MSO NEB NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL PEN QUE RHO SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA BAH GUA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Hampshire

code: NWH

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1974 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Spring lady's tresses
Spring Ladies' Tresses

names: لولوبة ربيعية


slug: spiridens-reinwardtii

scientific: Spiridens reinwardtii

authorship: Nees

genus: Spiridens

epithet: reinwardtii

family: Spiridentaceae

published_in: Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 11(1): 144. 1823.

Acantholoma vaginatum

authorship: Herzog

Bryoacantholoma vaginatum

authorship: (Herzog) W.Schultze-Motel

Leskea reinwardtii

authorship: (Nees) Spreng.

Neckera balfouriana

authorship: (Grev.) Müll.Hal.

Neckera reinwardtii

authorship: (Nees) Müll.Hal.

Spiridens balfourianus

authorship: Grev.

Spiridens cheesmaniae

authorship: Sherrin

Spiridens flagellaris

authorship: Mitt.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 木毛蘚 木毛藓

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: spirobassia-hirsuta

scientific: Spirobassia hirsuta

authorship: (L.) Freitag & G.Kadereit

genus: Spirobassia

epithet: hirsuta

family: Chenopodiaceae

preferred: hairy smotherweed

source: usda

Bassia crassifolia

authorship: (Pall.) Soldano

Bassia hirsuta

authorship: (L.) Asch.

Chenolea hirsuta

authorship: (L.) Arcang.

Chenopodium hirsutum

authorship: L.

Chenopodium pallasianum

authorship: Schult.

Echinopsilon crassifolius

authorship: (Pall.) Moq.

Echinopsilon hirsutus

authorship: (L.) Moq.

Kochia hirsuta

authorship: (L.) Nolte

Schoberia obtusifolia

authorship: Bunge

Schoberia pallasiana

authorship: (Schult.) C.A.Mey.

Suaeda crassifolia

authorship: Pall.

Suaeda drepanophylla

authorship: (Litv.) Korovin ex Pavlov

Suaeda hirsuta

authorship: (L.) Rchb.

Suaeda obtusifolia

authorship: (Bunge) Trautv.

Suaeda pallasiana

authorship: (Schult.) Heynh.

codes: ALT CYP IRN KAZ NCS TZK TCS TKM UZB WSB CHX BUL COR DEN RUE FRA GER GRC ITA KRY ROM SAR RUS SPA TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

region: China

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Krym

code: KRY

Romania

code: ROM

Sardegna

code: SAR

South European Russia

code: RUS

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Бассия волосистая

names: Spirobassie à feuilles épaisses, Bassia hirsute, Bassie hérissée, Bassie à feuilles épaisses


slug: spirodela-polyrhiza

scientific: Spirodela polyrhiza

authorship: (L.) Schleid.

genus: Spirodela

epithet: polyrhiza

family: Araceae

preferred: Greater Duckweed

english:
Greater Duckweed
giant duckweed
great duckmeat
great duckweed
greater duckweed

Lemna bannatica

authorship: Waldst. & Kit. ex Schleid.

Lemna major

authorship: Griff.

Lemna maxima

authorship: Blatt. & Hallb.

Lemna orbicularis

authorship: Kit. ex Schult.

Lemna orbiculata

authorship: Roxb.

Lemna polyrhiza var. concolor

authorship: Kurz

Lemna thermalis

authorship: P.Beauv. ex Nutt.

Lemna transsilvanica

authorship: Schur

Lemna umbonata

authorship: A.Braun ex Hegelm.

Lenticula polyrhiza

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Spirodela atropurpurea

authorship: Friche-Joset & Montandon

authorship: Montandon

Spirodela maxima

authorship: (Blatt. & Hallb.) McCann

Spirodela polyrhiza var. masonii

authorship: Daubs

Telmatophace orbicularis

authorship: (Kit. ex Schult.) Schur

Telmatophace polyrhiza

authorship: (L.) Godr.

codes: BEN BOT BUR CAF CHA CON ZAI EGY ETH OFS GHA IVO KEN NAT MDR MLW MOR MOZ NGA RWA SEN SUD TAN TOG TUN UGA ZAM ZIM ALT BRY CHN CHC CHS CHI IRN IRK JAP KAM KAZ KHA KOR KRA KUR LBS CHM NCS PAL PRM CHQ SAK TAI TCS TVA TUR WSB YAK ASS BAN BOR XMS CKI EHM IND JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP PHI SRL SUL SUM THA WHM NSW NFK NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRI KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR ALA ABT ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MXI MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA NSC OHI OKL ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO HAW BLZ CPI CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PER PUE TRT WIN

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Ghana

code: GHA

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madeira

code: MDR

region: Macaronesia

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rwanda

code: RWA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1985 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Многокоренник обыкновенный

names:
Vielwurzelige Teichlinse
Vielwurzlige Teichlinse

names:
Lenticule à plusieurs racines
lentille deau à plusieurs racines

names:
Spirodela polyrrhiza
Lenticchia d'acqua maggiore

names: Завитка ряснокоренева

names: אגמית רבת-שורשים

partners:
Clarias anguillaris
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spirodela-punctata

scientific: Spirodela punctata

authorship: (G.Mey.) C.H.Thomps.

epithet: punctata

published_in: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard.  1898: 28 (1898)

preferred: intermediate duckweed

Landoltia punctata

authorship: (G.Mey.) Les & D.J.Crawford

codes: AGE AGW AGS BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLC CLM COS CUB ECU ELS LEE PAN PAR PER PUE SUR URU VEN WIN

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Argentina South

code: AGS

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Chile Central

code: CLC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Panamá

code: PAN

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Suriname

code: SUR

region: Northern South America

Uruguay

code: URU

Venezuela

code: VEN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

lifeform: hydroannual

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 608 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dotted duckmeat, Dotted duckweed
dotted duckmeat

names: 紫萍 少根紫萍

source: GIFT

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spirostachys-africana

scientific: Spirostachys africana

authorship: Sond.

genus: Spirostachys

epithet: africana

family: Euphorbiaceae

Excoecaria africana

authorship: (Sond.) Müll.Arg.

Excoecaria synandra

authorship: Pax

Excoecariopsis synandra

authorship: (Pax) Pax

Sapium africanum

authorship: (Sond.) Kuntze

Stillingia africana

authorship: (Sond.) Baill.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ANG BOT CPP SWZ KEN NAT MOZ NAM TVL TAN ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 418 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Cape-sandalwood jumping-bean-tree

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

value: tree

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Life form

value: nanophanerophyte

label: Height

category: Size

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spirotheca-rosea

scientific: Spirotheca rosea

authorship: (Seem.) P.E.Gibbs & W.S.Alverson

genus: Spirotheca

epithet: rosea

family: Malvaceae

Ceiba allenii

authorship: Woodson

Ceiba rosea

authorship: (Seem.) K.Schum.

Chorisia rosea

authorship: Seem.

Spirotheca allenii

authorship: (Woodson) Cuatrec.

Spirotheca rimbachii

authorship: Cuatrec.

Xylon roseum

authorship: (Seem.) Kuntze

codes: BOL CLM COS ECU PAN PER

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

lifeform: hemiepiphytic shrub

names:
Ceiba
palo borracho

value: variable

authors: (Seem.) P.E.Gibbs & W.S.Alverson

published_in: Brittonia 58(3): 253

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: splachnum-ampullaceum

scientific: Splachnum ampullaceum

authorship: Hedw.

genus: Splachnum

epithet: ampullaceum

family: Splachnaceae

preferred: small capsule dung moss

Splachnum ampullaceum var. minus

authorship: Turner

Splachnum ampullaceum var. turnerianum

authorship: (Dicks.) Brid.

Splachnum sagittifolium

authorship: With.

Splachnum turnerianum

authorship: Dicks.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 163 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
small capsule dung moss
Cruet Collar-moss

names: сплахнум бутылковидный

names:
splachne ampoule
splachne ampullacé

names: Спляхнум ампулоподібний

names:
blek komossa
komossa

names:
Blegrød køllemos
Pære-møgmos

names: pære-kumose pæremøkkmose

value: nonvascular

source: USDA PLANTS


slug: splachnum-luteum

scientific: Splachnum luteum

epithet: luteum

preferred: yellow moosedung moss

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 320 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
yellow moosedung moss
yellow dung moss

names: Сплахнум жёлтый

names:
splanc jaune
splanc jaunâtre

names:
gul parasollmose
gulmøkkmose


slug: splachnum-rubrum

scientific: Splachnum rubrum

epithet: rubrum

preferred: brilliant red dung moss

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
brilliant red dung moss
Red Dung Moss

names: Сплахнум красный

names:
rød parasollmose
rødmøkkmose


slug: splachnum-sphaericum

scientific: Splachnum sphaericum

epithet: sphaericum

preferred: pinkstink dung moss

Splachnum ampullaceum var. bavaricum

authorship: (Brid.) Brid.

Splachnum bavaricum

authorship: Brid.

Splachnum intermedium

authorship: Drumm.

Splachnum longisetum

authorship: Schrank ex Schkuhr

Splachnum ovatum

authorship: Dicks. ex Hedw.

Splachnum ovatum var. sphaericum

authorship: (Hedw.) Dixon

Splachnum pedunculatum

authorship: Lindb.

name: Splachnum pedunculatum subsp. sphaericum

authorship: (Hedw.) Lindb.

Splachnum pedunculatum var. sphaericum

authorship: (Hedw.) Braithw.

Splachnum sphaericum var. gracile

authorship: (Dicks.) F.Weber & D.Mohr

Splachnum sphaericum var. minus

authorship: Wahlenb.

Splachnum sphaericum var. ovatum

authorship: (Dicks. ex Hedw.) Hartm.

Splachnum sphaericum var. pedunculatum

authorship: (Lindb.) Jørg.

Splachnum sphaericum var. pubescens

authorship: Hartm.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 40 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
pinkstink dung moss
Round-fruited Collar-moss

names: Сплахнум сферический

names: Спляхнум сферичний

names:
blank kumose
blankmøkkmose


slug: spodiopogon-cotulifer

scientific: Spodiopogon cotulifer

authorship: (Thunb.) Hack.

genus: Spodiopogon

epithet: cotulifer

family: Poaceae

Andropogon cotulifer

authorship: Thunb.

Eccoilopus andropogonoides

authorship: Steud.

Eccoilopus cotulifer

authorship: (Thunb.) A.Camus

Eccoilopus cotulifer f. sagittiformis

authorship: (Ohwi) Ohwi

Eccoilopus cotulifer subsp. densiflorus

authorship: (Ohwi) T.Koyama

Eccoilopus cotulifer var. densiflorus

authorship: Ohwi

Eulalia cotulifer

authorship: (Thunb.) Munro ex Miq.

Eulalia cotulifera

authorship: Munro ex Miq.

Miscanthus cotulifer

authorship: (Thunb.) Benth.

Saccharum cotuliferum

authorship: (Thunb.) Roberty

Spodiopogon cotulifer var. densiflorus

authorship: (Ohwi) Ibaragi

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP KOR NNS TAI ASS MYA WHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

West Himalaya

code: WHM

names: 山高梁 油芒

partners:
Borbo cinnara
Isoteinon lamprospilus
Leptalina unicolor
Lethe marginalis
Melanitis phedima
Mycalesis francisca
Mycalesis gotama
Ochlodes ochracea

value: non-woody

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Hack.

published_in: Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 6: 187

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spodiopogon-formosanus

scientific: Spodiopogon formosanus

authorship: Rendle

epithet: formosanus

Eccoilopus formosanus

authorship: (Rendle) A.Camus

Eccoilopus formosanus var. tohoensis

authorship: (Hayata) Honda

Eccoilopus tahoensis

authorship: (Hayata) A.Camus

Eccoilopus taiwanicus

authorship: Honda

Spodiopogon kawakamii

authorship: Hayata

names: 台湾油芒 台灣油芒

authors: Rendle

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 351

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spodiopogon-rhizophorus

scientific: Spodiopogon rhizophorus

authorship: (Steud.) Pilg.

epithet: rhizophorus

Andropogon albidus

authorship: Wall.

Spodiopogon albidus

authorship: Benth.

India

code: IND

lifeform: annual or helophyte

value: therophyte

authors: (Steud.) Pilg.

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl] 14e: 119


slug: spodiopogon-sibiricus

scientific: Spodiopogon sibiricus

authorship: Trin.

epithet: sibiricus

preferred: frost grass

Andropogon sibiricus

authorship: (Trin.) Steud.

Saccharum sibiricum

authorship: (Trin.) Roberty

name: Spodiopogon depauperatus var. purpurascens

Spodiopogon sibiricus f. purpurascens

authorship: (Honda) Ohwi

Spodiopogon sibiricus var. grandiflorus

authorship: L.Liu ex S.M.Phillips & S.L.Chen

Spodiopogon sibiricus var. purpurascens

authorship: (Honda) Honda

Spodiopogon sibiricus var. tenuis

authorship: (Kitag.) Kitag.

Spodiopogon sibiricus var. tomentosus

authorship: Koisdz.

Spodiopogon tenuis

authorship: Kitag.

codes: AMU BRY CHN CHC CHS CTA CHH CHI IRK JAP KHA KOR CHM MON PRM

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Buryatiya

code: BRY

region: Siberia

Chita

code: CTA

Hainan

code: CHH

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Primorye

code: PRM

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 161 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
frost grass
Siberian graybeard

names: 茨菇草 大油芒

names:
Серобородник сибирский
Сподиопогон сибирский

partners:
Aeromachus inachus
Isoteinon lamprospilus
Leptalina unicolor
Lethe marginalis
Mycalesis francisca
Mycalesis gotama
Ochlodes ochracea
Ochlodes venata

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Pennisetum mosaic virus
Robbsia andropogonis

value: graminoid

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spondias-mombin

scientific: Spondias mombin

authorship: L.

genus: Spondias

epithet: mombin

family: Anacardiaceae

preferred: hog plum

english:
hog plum
yellow mombin

Mauria juglandifolia

authorship: Benth. ex Engl.

Spondias aurantiaca

authorship: Schumach. & Thonn.

Spondias brasiliensis

authorship: Mart. ex Engl.

Spondias cirouella

authorship: Tussac

Spondias glabra

authorship: Engl.

Spondias graveolens

authorship: Macfad.

Spondias lucida

authorship: Salisb.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS ARU BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PER PUE SWC SUR TRT VEN VNA WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Aruba

code: ARU

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 480 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Tartaric-acid

activities:
Acidifier
Additive
Antioxidant Synergist
FLavor
Irritant
Sequestrant

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Момбин жёлтый

partners: Apis mellifera, Melipona fasciculata, Melipona flavolineata, Melipona seminigra, Scaptotrigona postica, Trigona fulviventris, Trigona fuscipennis, Trigona pallens (Apidae: Meliponinae), Syrphidae

partners:
Apis mellifera
Exomalopsis analis
Trigona fuscipennis
Trigona spinipes
Xylocopa amedaei
Xylocopa cearensis
Allograpta
Augochlora sp.

partners:
Artibeus jamaicensis
Artibeus lituratus
Carollia perspicillata
Alouatta belzebul
Alouatta palliata
Alouatta seniculus
Ateles belzebuth
Ateles geoffroyi

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: spondias-pinnata

scientific: Spondias pinnata

authorship: (L.f.) Kurz

epithet: pinnata

published_in: Prelim. Rep. Forest Pegu Appendix A: xliv, no. 334 (1875)

Evia amara

authorship: Comm. ex Blume

Poupartia acuminata

authorship: (Roxb.) Wall.

Spondias acuminata

authorship: Roxb.

Spondias amara

authorship: Lam.

Spondias bivenomarginalis

authorship: K.M.Feng & P.I Mao

Spondias macrophylla

authorship: Wall.

Spondias mangifera

authorship: Willd.

Spondias paniculata

authorship: Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.

Spondias sinensis

authorship: Lour. ex Steud.

Wirtgenia decandra

authorship: Jungh.

codes: CHC CHS CHH AND ASS BAN EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP PAK PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: tree

Geraniin

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Adrenocorticotrophic AntiHIV Antiallergenic Antiasthmatic Antiherpetic Antihypertensive Antilipolytic

Galloyl-geraniin

activities: Antiherpetic Antiviral Pesticide

names:
amberella
common hog-plum

names: 茨菇草 槟榔青

partners:
Caloptilia iselaea
Chalcoscelides castaneipars
Cricula trifenestrata
Elephas maximus
Homo sapiens
Miresa albipuncta
Phalga sinuosa

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: spondias-purpurea

scientific: Spondias purpurea

authorship: L.

epithet: purpurea

preferred: ciruela

english:
ciruela
jocote
purple mombin
red mombin
siniguela

Spondias crispula

authorship: Beurl.

Spondias jocote-amarillo

authorship: Kosterm.

Spondias purpurea f. lutea

authorship: Fawc. & Rendle

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS ELS GUA HON JAM NIC PAN SWC

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Southwest Caribbean

code: SWC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1238 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: ciruela jocote

names:
Ciruela
cireula mexicana

names: Seriguela Cajazeiro

names: Момбин пурпурный

names:
Jocote
Prunier d'Espagne

partners:
Cynanthus auriceps
Leiothlypis celata

partners:
Amazona albifrons
Amazona auropalliata
Artibeus jamaicensis
Carollia perspicillata
Catharus ustulatus
Cebus capucinus
Chelonoidis carbonarius
Ctenosaura similis

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: spondias-tuberosa

scientific: Spondias tuberosa

authorship: Arruda

epithet: tuberosa

published_in: in Koster, Trav. Braz. 496 (sp. dub.).

preferred: imbu

codes: BZE BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

lifeform: tuberous shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: imbu hog-plum

names: imbuzeiro jique

partners:
Apis mellifera
Trigona fuscipennis
Xylocopa hottentotta

partners:
Anodorhynchus leari
Callithrix jacchus
Rhea americana

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: drupe

authors: Arruda

published_in: in Koster, Trav. Braz. 496 (sp. dub.)

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporadanthus-ferrugineus

scientific: Sporadanthus ferrugineus

authorship: de Lange, Heenan & B.D.Clarkson

genus: Sporadanthus

epithet: ferrugineus

family: Restionaceae

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot.  37: 415 (1999)

New Zealand North

code: NZN

region: New Zealand

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

value: geophyte

value: 5 m

value: evergreen

authors: de Lange, Heenan & B.D.Clarkson

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: sporadanthus-interruptus

scientific: Sporadanthus interruptus

authorship: (F.Muell.) B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson

epithet: interruptus

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

authors: (F.Muell.) B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson

published_in: Telopea 8(1): 30


slug: sporadanthus-tasmanicus

scientific: Sporadanthus tasmanicus

authorship: (Hook.f.) B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson

epithet: tasmanicus

Tasmania

code: TAS

authors: (Hook.f.) B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson

published_in: Telopea 8(1): 31


slug: sporadanthus-traversii

scientific: Sporadanthus traversii

authorship: (F.Muell.) Buchanan

epithet: traversii

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst.  7: 340 (1875)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 2 m

value: perennial

authors: (F.Muell.) Buchanan

published_in: Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 7: 340

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-actinocladus

scientific: Sporobolus actinocladus

authorship: (F.Muell.) F.Muell.

genus: Sporobolus

epithet: actinocladus

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA WAU

Northern Territory

code: NTA

South Australia

code: SOA

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: annual or biennial

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 52 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 8(64): 140


slug: sporobolus-aculeatus

scientific: Sporobolus aculeatus

authorship: (L.) P.M.Peterson

epithet: aculeatus

Agrostis aculeata

authorship: (L.) Scop.

Antitragus aculeatus

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

Crypsis aculeata

authorship: (L.) Aiton

Crypsis aculeata var. cyperoides

authorship: Asch. & Graebn.

Crypsis aculeata var. eryngioides

authorship: Lojac.

Crypsis aculeata var. minima

authorship: Beck

Heleochloa diandra

authorship: Host

Ischaemum aculeatum

authorship: Munro

Pallasia aculeata

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Phleum aculeatum

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Raddia aculeata

authorship: (L.) Mazziari

codes: ALG CHA EGY MTN MOR TUN WSA AFG ALT CHN CHC CHS CYP EAI CHI IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ KOR LBS CHM MON NCS PAL TCS TKM TUR UZB WSB CHX IND PAK ALB AUT BUL RUC COR CZE RUE FRA GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Egypt

code: EGY

Mauritania

code: MTN

region: West Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Western Sahara

code: WSA

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Altay

code: ALT

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Korea

code: KOR

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Palestine

code: PAL

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 176 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Скрытница колючая

names:
Crypside en forme d'aiguillon
Crypside piquante

names: עטיינית דו-אבקנית


slug: sporobolus-advenus

scientific: Sporobolus advenus

authorship: (Stapf) P.M.Peterson

epithet: advenus

Eragrostis advena

authorship: (Stapf) S.M.Phillips

Thellungia advena

authorship: Stapf

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

authors: (Stapf) P.M.Peterson


slug: sporobolus-africanus

scientific: Sporobolus africanus

authorship: (Poir.) Robyns & Tournay

epithet: africanus

published_in: Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 25: 242 (1955)

Agrostis africana

authorship: Poir.

Agrostis capensis

authorship: Willd.

Agrostis spicata

authorship: Thunb.

Sporobolus capensis

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Kunth

Sporobolus indicus var. africanus

authorship: (Poir.) Jovet & Guédès

Sporobolus indicus var. capensis

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Engl.

Sporobolus indicus var. cinereoviridis

authorship: Baaijens

Vilfa africana

authorship: (Poir.) P.Beauv.

Vilfa dianthera

authorship: Steud.

codes: ANG BOT BUR CMN CPP ZAI SWZ ETH OFS GGI KEN NAT LES MLW MOZ NAM NGA TVL RWA TAN UGA ZAM ZIM SAU YEM SRL

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Yemen

code: YEM

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1000 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Numida meleagris mitratus
Pravistylus brachyphysis
Spilopelia chinensis


slug: sporobolus-airoides

scientific: Sporobolus airoides

authorship: (Torr.) Torr.

epithet: airoides

published_in: Explor. Red River Louisiana : 300 (1853)

preferred: Alkali-Sacaton

english:
Alkali-Sacaton
alkali sacaton

source: wikidata

Agrostis airoides

authorship: Torr.

Sporobolus airoides subsp. regis

authorship: (I.M.Johnst.) Wipff & S.D.Jones

Sporobolus diffusissimus

authorship: Buckley

Sporobolus tharpii

authorship: Hitchc.

Vilfa airoides

authorship: (Torr.) Trin. ex Steud.

codes: ARI ARK BRC CAL COL IDA KAN MXE MXS MSO MNT NEB NEV NWM NWY NDA OKL ORE SCA SDA TEX UTA WAS WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

New York

code: NWY

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Oregon

code: ORE

South Carolina

code: SCA

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 666 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
alkali sacaton
Alkali-Sacaton

partners:
Athysanella kanabana
Beameria wheeleri
Bucculatrix sporobolella
Cimberis elongata
Hemileuca oliviae

partners:
Eurytomocharis eragrostidis
Eurytomocharis sporoboli

partners:
Aplanobacter
Ascochyta stipae
Hendersonia simplex

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)


slug: sporobolus-alopecuroides

scientific: Sporobolus alopecuroides

authorship: (Piller & Mitterp.) P.M.Peterson

epithet: alopecuroides

preferred: foxtail pricklegrass

Agrostis brachystachys

authorship: (C.Presl) Schult. & Schult.f.

Alopecurus fulvus

authorship: Forssk. ex Steud.

Alopecurus geniculatus

authorship: Sibth. ex Steud.

Chilochloa explicata

authorship: (Link) Roem. & Schult.

Crypsis aegyptiaca

authorship: Tausch

Crypsis alopecuroides

authorship: (Piller & Mitterp.) Schrad.

name: Crypsis alopecuroides subsp. brachystachys

authorship: (C.Presl) Trab.

Crypsis alopecuroides var. celakovskyi

authorship: Rohlena

Crypsis alopecuroides var. nigricans

authorship: (Guss.) Coss.

Crypsis alopecuroides var. sicula

authorship: (Jan) Asch. & Graebn.

Crypsis alopecuroides var. tenella

authorship: Heuff.

Crypsis brachystachys

authorship: Trab.

Crypsis explicata

authorship: (Link) F.Herm.

Crypsis geniculata

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Crypsis macrostachya

authorship: Brot.

Crypsis nigricans

authorship: Guss.

Crypsis schoenoides

authorship: Hochst. ex Steud.

Crypsis sicula

authorship: Jan

Crypsis tenella

authorship: Pančić

Heleochloa alopecuroides f. subvaginata

authorship: Hack.

name: Heleochloa alopecuroides var. celakovskyi

authorship: (Rohlena) Soó

Heleochloa alopecuroides var. nigricans

authorship: (Guss.) Soó

Heleochloa brachystachys

authorship: (C.Presl) K.Richt.

Heleochloa explicata

authorship: (Link) Hack. ex Fritsch

Phalaris explicata

authorship: Link

Phalaris geniculata

authorship: Sm.

Phleum alopecuroides

authorship: Piller & Mitterp.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: ALG EGY MOR TUN ALT CYP IRN IRQ KAZ LBS NCS PAL TCS TKM TUR ALB AUT BLR BUL RUC COR CZE RUE FRA GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG POR ROM SIC RUS TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Egypt

code: EGY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

region: Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 190 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Скрытница лисохвостовидная

names: Crypside faux vulpin, Crypsis faux vulpin, Fléole faux vulpin, Sporobole faux vulpin

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-alterniflorus

scientific: Sporobolus alterniflorus

authorship: (Loisel.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: alterniflorus

preferred: smooth cordgrass

Dactylis fasciculata

authorship: Lam.

Dactylis maritima

authorship: Walter

Limnetis glabra

authorship: (Muhl. ex Elliott) Nutt.

Rottboellia paniculata

authorship: Salzm. ex Steud.

Spartina alterniflora

authorship: Loisel.

Spartina alterniflora var. glabra

authorship: (Muhl. ex Elliott) Fernald

Spartina alterniflora var. pilosa

authorship: (Merr.) Fernald

Spartina bahiensis

authorship: Steud.

Spartina brasiliensis

authorship: Raddi

Spartina fasciculata

authorship: (Lam.) P.Beauv.

Spartina glabra var. alterniflora

authorship: (Loisel.) Merr.

Spartina glabra var. pilosa

authorship: Merr.

Spartina laevigata

authorship: Bosc ex Link

Spartina maritima subsp. glabra

authorship: (Muhl. ex Elliott) St.-Yves

Spartina maritima subvar. pilosa

authorship: (Merr.) St.-Yves

Spartina maritima var. alterniflora

authorship: (Loisel.) St.-Yves

Spartina maritima var. brasiliensis

authorship: (Raddi) St.-Yves

Spartina stricta var. alterniflora

authorship: (Loisel.) A.Gray

Spartina stricta var. maritima

authorship: Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

Trachynotia alterniflora

authorship: (Loisel.) DC.

codes: ALA CNT DEL FLA GEO LOU MAI MRY MAS MXG MXE MSI NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NSC PEI QUE RHO SCA TEX VRG AGE AGS BZS BZL FRG GUY LEE SUR TRT URU VEN

Alabama

code: ALA

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

region: Mexico

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Prince Edward I.

code: PEI

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2008 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names: Spartine à feuilles alternes, Sporobole à feuilles alternes

names:
Amerikaans slijkgras
Noord-Amerikaans slijkgras

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Lycorma delicatula
Melissodes bimaculatus
Naemia seriata
Naemia seriata seriata

partners:
Neohecalus lineatus
Anser caerulescens
Anser caerulescens atlantica
Bagre marinus
Bombus impatiens
Brachyura
Elaphurus davidianus
Gastropoda


slug: sporobolus-anglicus

scientific: Sporobolus anglicus

authorship: (C.E.Hubb.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: anglicus

preferred: Common Cord-grass

english:
Common Cord-grass
common cord-grass
common cordgrass

Spartina townsendii var. anglica

authorship: (C.E.Hubb.) Lambinon & Maquet

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 520 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Common cord grass, Rice grass, Townsends grass

names:
Englisches Schlickgras
Salz-Schlickgras

names: Spartine d'Angleterre, Spartine anglaise, Sporobole d'Angleterre, Sporobole anglais

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Prokelisia marginata
Anser anser
Elaphurus davidianus

authors: (C.E.Hubb.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-arenicola

scientific: Sporobolus arenicola

epithet: arenicola

preferred: giant sandreed

Calamagrostis gigantea

authorship: Nutt.

Calamovilfa gigantea

authorship: (Nutt.) Scribn. & Merr.

codes: ARI COL KAN MXE NWM OKL TEX UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

New Mexico

code: NWM

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

names:
Giant Sandreed
big sand-reed

source: derived from USDA NRCS plant guide

quote: Giant sandreed is a robust perennial, native, warm season grass with strong creeping rhizomes.

quote: Culm height ranges between 1 and 2 meters tall.

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol CAGI3

license: public domain

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: sporobolus-australasicus

scientific: Sporobolus australasicus

authorship: Domin

epithet: australasicus

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 553 (1911)

codes: NTA QLD SOA WAU

Northern Territory

code: NTA

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: annual or perennial

value: 1 m

value: annual

authors: Domin

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 553

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-bakeri

scientific: Sporobolus bakeri

authorship: (Merr.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: bakeri

preferred: sand cordgrass

codes: FLA GEO SCA TEX

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 241 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

label: Growth form

value: Bunch

label: Growth rate

value: moderate

label: Foliage colour

value: green

label: Flower colour

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-caroli

scientific: Sporobolus caroli

authorship: Mez

epithet: caroli

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 299 (1921)

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

Victoria

code: VIC

lifeform: perennial or annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: GIFT

value: non-woody

authors: Mez

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 299


slug: sporobolus-centrifugus

scientific: Sporobolus centrifugus

authorship: (Trin.) Nees

epithet: centrifugus

published_in: Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. : 158 (1841)

Holcus laxus

authorship: Bosc ex Trin.

name: Sporobolus centrifugus subsp. filifolius

authorship: (Stent) Gooss.

name: Sporobolus centrifugus subsp. laxivaginatus

name: Sporobolus centrifugus var. laxivaginatus

Sporobolus filifolius

authorship: Stent

Sporobolus kaka

authorship: Vanderyst

Sporobolus schlechteri

authorship: Schweick.

Vilfa centrifuga

authorship: Trin.

codes: CPP CON SWZ OFS KEN NAT LES MDG MLW TVL SUD TAN ZAM ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Congo

code: CON

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

value: hemicryptophyte

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: sporobolus-clandestinus

scientific: Sporobolus clandestinus

authorship: (Biehler) Hitchc.

epithet: clandestinus

preferred: rough dropseed

Agrostis clandestina

authorship: Biehler

Muhlenbergia clandestina

authorship: (Biehler) Trin.

Sporobolus asper var. canovirens

authorship: (Nash) Shinners

Sporobolus asper var. clandestinus

authorship: (Biehler) Shinners

Sporobolus canovirens

authorship: Nash

Sporobolus clandestinus var. canovirens

authorship: (Nash) Steyerm. & C.L.Kucera

Sporobolus compositus var. clandestinus

authorship: (Biehler) Wipff & S.D.Jones

Vilfa clandestina

authorship: (Biehler) Nees ex Steud.

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MAS MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA OKL PEN SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: sporobolus-coarctatus

scientific: Sporobolus coarctatus

authorship: (Trin.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: coarctatus

Solenachne ciliata

authorship: (Brongn.) Herter

Solenachne phalaroides

authorship: Steud.

Spartina ciliata

authorship: Brongn.

codes: AGE BZS BZL URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Uruguay

code: URU

authors: (Trin.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-compositus

scientific: Sporobolus compositus

authorship: (Poir.) Merr.

epithet: compositus

published_in: Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 6 (1901)

preferred: composite dropseed

Agrostis aspera

authorship: Michx.

Agrostis composita

authorship: Poir.

Agrostis involuta

authorship: Muhl.

Agrostis longifolia

authorship: (Torr.) Torr. ex A.Gray

authorship: Torr.

Agrostis polystachya

authorship: Bosc ex Steud.

Glyceria stricta

authorship: Buckley

Muhlenbergia aspera

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Trin.

Muhlenbergia composita

authorship: Trin. ex Steud.

Sporobolus asper

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Kunth

Sporobolus asper var. drummondii

authorship: (Trin.) Vasey

Sporobolus asper var. pilosus

authorship: (Vasey) Hitchc.

Sporobolus compositus var. drummondii

authorship: (Trin.) Kartesz & Gandhi

Sporobolus longifolius

authorship: (Torr. ex A.Gray) Alph.Wood

Sporobolus pilosus

authorship: Vasey

Vilfa composita

authorship: (Poir.) P.Beauv.

Vilfa longifolia

authorship: Torr. ex Trin.

codes: ALA ARI ARK BRC COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MXE MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NBR NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Michigan

code: MIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 426 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: sporobolus-contractus

scientific: Sporobolus contractus

authorship: Hitchc.

epithet: contractus

preferred: spike dropseed

Sporobolus cryptandrus var. strictus

authorship: Scribn.

Sporobolus strictus

authorship: (Scribn.) Scribn.

codes: ARI CAL COL CNT MAI MXE MXN MIC NWJ NWM NWY OKL TEX UTA WAS

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Mexico Northeast

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

New York

code: NWY

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 102 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Tłʼoh yilzólí deeníní
Tł’ohyilzólídeeníní

source: USDA PLANTS

quote: Spike dropseed is a native, warm season perennial bunchgrass.

quote: It is 1.15 to 3.94 ft (35 to 120 cm) in height

quote: The florets are 0.06 to 0.12 in (1.5 to 2.9 mm) long and gray to straw-colored.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-creber

scientific: Sporobolus creber

authorship: De Nardi

epithet: creber

published_in: Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 4: 406 (1973)

preferred: slender dropseed

Sporobolus indicus var. creber

authorship: (De Nardi) Veldkamp

codes: NWG NSW QLD VIC

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 138 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
slender dropseed
Slender Rat's Tail Grass

authors: De Nardi

published_in: Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 4(7): 406

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-cryptandrus

scientific: Sporobolus cryptandrus

authorship: (Torr.) A.Gray

epithet: cryptandrus

preferred: sand dropseed

Agrostis cryptandra

authorship: Torr.

name: Sporobolus cryptandrus subsp. fuscicolor

authorship: (Hook.) E.K.Jones & Fassett

Sporobolus cryptandrus var. fuscicolor

authorship: (Hook.) R.W.Pohl

Sporobolus cryptandrus var. involutus

authorship: Farw.

name: Sporobolus cryptandrus var. occidentalis

authorship: E.K.Jones & Fassett

Sporobolus cryptandrus var. vaginatus

authorship: Lunell

Sporobolus subinclusus

authorship: Phil.

Sporobolus subinclusus var. expansus

authorship: Parodi

Vilfa cryptandra

authorship: (Torr.) Trin.

Vilfa tenacissima var. fuscicolor

authorship: Hook.

Vilfa triniana

authorship: Steud.

codes: ABT ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MAS MXE MXN MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

Georgia

code: GEO

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1204 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Споробол скрытотычинковый

names:
Verborgenmänniges Vilfagras
Verstecktblütiger Fallsame

partners:
Meleagris gallopavo
Molothrus ater
Pooecetes gramineus
Agelaius phoeniceus
Euphagus cyanocephalus
Ictidomys
Orthoptera
Rodentia

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-curtissii

scientific: Sporobolus curtissii

authorship: Small ex Kearney

epithet: curtissii

published_in: Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 1: 24 (1895)

preferred: Curtis' dropseed

Sporobolus floridanus var. curtissii

authorship: Vasey

codes: ALA FLA GEO SCA

Alabama

code: ALA

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

South Carolina

code: SCA

names:
Curtis' dropseed
Curtiss's Dropseed

source: derived from USDA NRCS fact sheet

quote: Curtis’ dropseed is a native, cool-season, perennial bunch grass.

quote: The height ranged from 1 to 2 feet.

label: Phenology

value: It produces seeds in early May and June.

authors: (Vasey) Small

published_in: Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small]. 124

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: sporobolus-cynosuroides

scientific: Sporobolus cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: cynosuroides

preferred: big cordgrass

source: usda

Cynodon cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) Raspail

Dactylis cynosuroides

authorship: L.

Limnetis cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) Rich.

Limnetis polystachya

authorship: (Michx.) Rich.

Paspalum cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) Brot.

Spartina cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) Roth

Spartina cynosuroides var. polystachya

authorship: (Michx.) Beal

Spartina polystachya

authorship: (Michx.) Willd.

Trachynotia cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) Michx.

Trachynotia polystachya

authorship: Michx.

Triodia cynosuroides

authorship: (L.) Spreng.

codes: ALA CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO LOU MRY MAS MXE MSI NWJ NWY NCA PEN RHO SCA TEX VRG

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Maryland

code: MRY

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 289 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Melissodes bimaculatus

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Draeculacephala mollipes
Draeculacephala noveboracensis
Melissodes bimaculatus
Neohecalus lineatus
Pendarus magnus

label: Growth habit

value: graminoid

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-discosporus

scientific: Sporobolus discosporus

authorship: Nees

epithet: discosporus

Sporobolus ciliatus

authorship: De Wild.

Triachyrum adoense

authorship: Hochst.

codes: CPP ERI ETH OFS KEN LES TVL TAN ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Free State

code: OFS

Kenya

code: KEN

Lesotho

code: LES

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names:
Disc Dropseed
Farthing Grass

names: Oortjiegras oortjiesgras

label: Life cycle

authors: Nees

published_in: Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 158

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: sporobolus-elongatus

scientific: Sporobolus elongatus

epithet: elongatus

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 170 (1810)

preferred: elongate dropseed

Agrostis elongata

authorship: (R.Br.) Roth

codes: BAN NSW NTA QLD SOA

Bangladesh

code: BAN

region: Indian Subcontinent

New South Wales

code: NSW

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
elongate dropseed
Hairy Grass

names: Споробол удлиненный

key: succulence

label: Succulence

value: non-succulent

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 170

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: sporobolus-fertilis

scientific: Sporobolus fertilis

authorship: (Steud.) Clayton

epithet: fertilis

Agrostis fertilis

authorship: Steud.

Sporobolus diandrus var. major

authorship: Buse

name: Sporobolus elongatus var. purpureosuffusus

authorship: Ohwi

Sporobolus fertilis var. pallidiorus

authorship: (T.Koyama) Hatus. ex Ibaragi

name: Sporobolus fertilis var. purpureasuffusus

authorship: (Ohwi) Keng f. & X.S.Shen

Sporobolus indicus subsp. pallidior

authorship: (T.Koyama) T.Koyama

name: Sporobolus indicus subsp. purpureosuffusus

authorship: (Ohwi) T.Koyama

Sporobolus indicus var. fertilis

authorship: (Steud.) Jovet & Guédès

Sporobolus indicus var. major

authorship: (Buse) Baaijens

name: Sporobolus indicus var. purpureosuffusus

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KOR NNS TAI CHT AND ASS BAN CBD XMS CKI EHM IND MLY MYA NEP NCB PHI SCS SRL THA VIE WHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

Cambodia

code: CBD

Christmas I.

code: XMS

region: Malesia

Cocos (Keeling) Is.

code: CKI

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

South China Sea

code: SCS

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 127 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Споробол плодущий

partners:
Mycalesis gotama
Parnara guttatus
Pelopidas mathias


slug: sporobolus-fimbriatus

scientific: Sporobolus fimbriatus

authorship: (Nees ex Trin.) Nees

epithet: fimbriatus

published_in: Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. : 156 (1841)

preferred: fringed dropseed

Sporobolus fimbriatus var. latifolius

authorship: Stent

Sporobolus marlothii

authorship: Hack.

Sporobolus rehmannii

authorship: Hack. ex Schinz

Sporobolus rehmannii var. hirsutus

authorship: Peter

Vilfa fimbriata

authorship: Nees ex Trin.

codes: ANG BOT CPP CPV ZAI ETH OFS KEN NAT LES MLW MOZ NAM TVL SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Free State

code: OFS

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

names:
fringed dropseed
Common Dropseed

names: Blousaadgras Blousygras

label: Eaten by

partners:
Eudorcas thomsonii
Nanger granti


slug: sporobolus-flexuosus

scientific: Sporobolus flexuosus

authorship: (Vasey) Rydb.

epithet: flexuosus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 601 (1905)

preferred: mesa dropseed

Sporobolus cryptandrus var. flexuosus

authorship: (Vasey) Thurb.

Vilfa cryptandra var. flexuosa

authorship: Vasey

codes: ARI CAL COL KAN MXE MXN MNT NWM TEX UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Montana

code: MNT

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 108 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Woodiness

label: Life form

value: deciduous


slug: sporobolus-floridanus

scientific: Sporobolus floridanus

authorship: Chapm.

epithet: floridanus

preferred: Florida dropseed

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

South Carolina

code: SCA

quote: Florida dropseed is a native, warm-season, perennial bunch grass.

label: Height

quote: The height ranges from 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 feet.

value: It produces seedheads in October.

quote: It produces seedheads in October.

authors: Chapm.

published_in: Fl. South. U.S. 550


slug: sporobolus-foliosus

scientific: Sporobolus foliosus

authorship: (Trin.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: foliosus

preferred: California cordgrass

Spartina foliosa

authorship: Trin.

Spartina leiantha

authorship: Benth.

Spartina stricta var. foliosa

authorship: (Trin.) Thurb.

codes: CAL MXN

Mexico Northwest

region: Mexico

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 326 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anas acuta
Anas platyrhynchos
Aythya affinis
Branta bernicla

value: geophyte

label: Photosynthetic pathway

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol SPFO


slug: sporobolus-giganteus

scientific: Sporobolus giganteus

authorship: Nash

epithet: giganteus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 88 (1898)

preferred: giant dropseed

Sporobolus cryptandrus var. giganteus

authorship: (Nash) M.E.Jones

codes: ARI COL KAN MXE NWM OKL TEX UTA

Colorado

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

New Mexico

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Oklahoma

code: OKL

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Nash

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25(2): 88


slug: sporobolus-heterolepis

scientific: Sporobolus heterolepis

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

epithet: heterolepis

preferred: Prairie Drop Seed

english:
Prairie Drop Seed
Prairie Dropseed
prairie dropseed

source: wikidata

Agrostis heterolepis

authorship: (A.Gray) Alph.Wood

codes: ARK COL CNT GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL ONT PEN QUE SAS SDA TEN VRG WIS WYO

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Manitoba

code: MAN

region: Western Canada

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

North Dakota

code: NDA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1142 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Споробол разночешуйный


slug: sporobolus-hookerianus

scientific: Sporobolus hookerianus

authorship: P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: hookerianus

preferred: alkali cordgrass

codes: ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IDA KAN MAN MIN MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA NWT ORE SAS SDA UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Kansas

code: KAN

Manitoba

code: MAN

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

region: Subarctic America

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 240 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Pathogens


slug: sporobolus-indicus

scientific: Sporobolus indicus

epithet: indicus

preferred: smut grass

Agrostis elongata

authorship: Lam.

Agrostis indica

authorship: L.

Agrostis orientalis

authorship: Nees

Agrostis tenuissima

authorship: Spreng.

Andropogon intortus

authorship: Crantz

Paspalum lanceifolium

authorship: Desv.

Sporobolus angustus

authorship: Buckley

Sporobolus berteroanus

authorship: (Trin.) Hitchc. & Chase

Sporobolus exilis

authorship: (Trin.) Balansa

Sporobolus indicus f. africanoides

authorship: Jovet & Guédès

Sporobolus indicus var. andinus

authorship: Renvoize

Sporobolus indicus var. exilis

authorship: (Trin.) T.Koyama

Sporobolus indicus var. tenacissimus

authorship: (L.f.) Peter

Sporobolus lamarckii

authorship: Ham.

Sporobolus orientalis

authorship: Kunth

Sporobolus tenacissimus

authorship: (L.f.) P.Beauv.

Vilfa indica

authorship: (L.) Trin. ex Steud.

Vilfa tenacissima

authorship: (L.f.) Kunth

Vilfa tenacissima var. exilis

authorship: (Trin.) E.Fourn.

codes: ALA FLA GEO LOU MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MSI NCA SCA TEX VRG AGE AGW BAH BLZ BER BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLC CLN CLS CLM COS CUB DSV DOM ECU ELS GAL GUA HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE TRT TCI URU VEN WIN

Alabama

code: ALA

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Mississippi

code: MSI

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bahamas

code: BAH

region: Caribbean

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Bermuda

code: BER

Bolivia

code: BOL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1424 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Споробол плодущий

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Aiolopus strepens
Aiolopus thalassinus
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Ammodramus savannarum
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: sporobolus-junceus

scientific: Sporobolus junceus

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Kunth

epithet: junceus

preferred: pineywoods dropseed

Agrostis compressa

authorship: Poir.

Agrostis juncea

authorship: Michx.

Agrostis thyrsoides

authorship: Bosc ex Steud.

Aira triglumis

authorship: Steud.

Axonopus poiretii

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Bennetia juncea

authorship: Raf. ex B.D.Jacks.

Colpodium junceum

authorship: Trin.

Panicum speciosum

authorship: Walter

Sporobolus ejuncidus

authorship: Nash

Sporobolus poiretii

authorship: Hitchc.

Vilfa juncea

authorship: (P.Beauv.) Trin.

codes: ALA ARI ARK FLA GEO LOU MXG MXT MSI NCA SCA TEN TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 353 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
pineywoods dropseed
Lizard Grass

quote: Pineywoods dropseed is a native, warm season, perennial bunchgrass

quote: The conical shaped open panicle ranges in color from bronze to purple

quote: Plants often remain green into the winter


slug: sporobolus-maritimus

scientific: Sporobolus maritimus

authorship: (Curtis) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: maritimus

preferred: small cordgrass

Cynodon pungens

authorship: Raspail

Dactylis maritima

authorship: Curtis

Dactylis stricta

authorship: Aiton

Limnetis pungens

authorship: Rich.

Paspalum strictum

authorship: (Aiton) Brot.

Poa ternitana

authorship: Spreng. ex Link

Rottboellia stricta

authorship: (Aiton) Steud.

Spartina capensis

authorship: Nees

Spartina intermedia

authorship: Bosc ex St.-Yves

Spartina maritima

authorship: (Curtis) Fernald

Spartina maritima subsp. stricta

authorship: (Aiton) St.-Yves

Spartina stricta

authorship: (Aiton) Roth

Spartina stricta var. triplex

authorship: Gray

Trachynotia stricta

authorship: (Aiton) DC.

codes: CPP MTN MOR NAM BGM FRA GRB GRC ITA YUG NET POR SPA

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Mauritania

code: MTN

region: West Tropical Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

region: Northern Africa

Namibia

code: NAM

Belgium

code: BGM

region: Middle Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

region: Southeastern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 87 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Cape Cord Grass
Fernald Cord Grass

names: Spartine maritime, Spartine raide, Sporobole maritime, Sporobole raide

partners:
Argyrosomus hololepidotus
Platycephalus indicus
Prokelisia marginata


slug: sporobolus-michauxianus

scientific: Sporobolus michauxianus

authorship: (Hitchc.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: michauxianus

preferred: prairie cordgrass

source: inat

name: Spartina cynosuroides var. aureomarginata

Spartina cynosuroides var. michauxiana

authorship: (Hitchc.) St.-Yves

Spartina michauxiana

authorship: Hitchc.

Spartina michauxiana var. suttiei

authorship: Farw.

Spartina pectinata

authorship: Bosc ex Link

Spartina pectinata f. variegata

authorship: Vict.

Spartina pectinata var. suttiei

authorship: (Farw.) Fernald

codes: ABT ARK BRC COL CNT DEL WDC IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NFL NCA NDA NWT OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

British Columbia

code: BRC

Colorado

code: COL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1984 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Spartine pectinée, Sporobole pectiné, Sporobole de Michaux

partners:
Cicadula smithi
Neohecalus lineatus
Melissodes bimaculatus
Mesapamea stipata
Pendarus magnus
Philaenarcys spartina
Prokelisia crocea

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: sporobolus-mitchellii

scientific: Sporobolus mitchellii

authorship: (Trin.) C.E.Hubb.

epithet: mitchellii

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1941: 26 (1941)

Sporobolus mitchellii

authorship: (Trin.) C.E.Hubb. ex S.T.Blake

Vilfa mitchellii

authorship: Trin.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

value: nut

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

authors: (Trin.) C.E.Hubb. in S.T.Blake

published_in: Pap. Dept. Biol. Univ. Queensland. 1(18): 12, 22


slug: sporobolus-montevidensis

scientific: Sporobolus montevidensis

authorship: (Arechav.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

epithet: montevidensis

preferred: denseflower cordgrass

Chauvinia chilensis

authorship: Steud.

Spartina densiflora

authorship: Brongn.

Spartina juncea var. montevidensis

authorship: (Arechav.) St.-Yves

Spartina montevidensis

authorship: Arechav.

Spartina patagonica

authorship: Speg.

Sporobolus densiflorus

authorship: (Brongn.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

codes: AGE AGW AGS BZS BZL CLC CLS URU VEN

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Argentina South

code: AGS

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile South

code: CLS

Uruguay

code: URU

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Denseflower Cordgrass
Montevideo dropseed

value: herb

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: (Arechav.) P.M.Peterson & Saarela

published_in: Phytoneuron 2015-20: 2

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol SPDE2


slug: sporobolus-natalensis

scientific: Sporobolus natalensis

authorship: (Steud.) T.Durand & Schinz

epithet: natalensis

Sporobolus capensis var. laxus

authorship: Nees

Sporobolus indicus f. laxus

authorship: (Nees) Peter

Sporobolus indicus var. laxus

authorship: (Nees) Stapf

Sporobolus kwiluensis

authorship: Vanderyst

codes: ANG BOT CMN CPP ZAI ERI ETH KEN NAT NAM TVL TAN UGA ZAM SAU YEM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eritrea

code: ERI

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Yemen

code: YEM

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

published_in: Consp. Fl. Afr. [T.A. Durand & H. Schinz] 5: 822

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: sporobolus-nealleyi

scientific: Sporobolus nealleyi

authorship: Vasey

epithet: nealleyi

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 57 (1890)

preferred: gyp dropseed

codes: ARI COL MXE NEV NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
gyp dropseed
gyp grass

partners:
Athysanella occidentalis ladella
Athysanella stylosa

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Vasey

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 15(2): 49

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: sporobolus-neglectus

scientific: Sporobolus neglectus

authorship: Nash

epithet: neglectus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 464 (1895)

preferred: puffsheath dropseed

Sporobolus neglectus var. ozarkanus

authorship: (Fernald) Steyerm. & C.L.Kucera

Sporobolus ozarkanus

authorship: Fernald

Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. neglectus

authorship: (Nash) Scribn.

Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. ozarkanus

authorship: (Fernald) Shinners

codes: ALA ABT ARI ARK CAL COL CNT WDC ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NDA OHI OKL ONT PEN QUE SAS SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO

Alabama

code: ALA

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Arkansas

code: ARK

California

code: CAL

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Einjähriger Fallsame
Unscheinbares Fallsamengras

partners:
Plectrophenax nivalis
Aiolopus thalassinus
Gryllodes sigillatus
Ursus arctos


slug: sporobolus-perrieri

scientific: Sporobolus perrieri

epithet: perrieri

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 436 (1926)

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 436


slug: sporobolus-pinetorum

scientific: Sporobolus pinetorum

authorship: Weakley & P.M.Peterson

epithet: pinetorum

preferred: Carolina dropseed

english:
Carolina dropseed
Savanna Dropseed

names:
Carolina dropseed
Savanna Dropseed

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

authors: Weakley & P.M.Peterson

published_in: Sida 18: 258, fig

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.