slug: penstemon-auriberbis

scientific: Penstemon auriberbis

epithet: auriberbis

preferred: Colorado beardtongue

codes: COL NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

value: herb

value: non-woody

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 339

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: penstemon-australis

scientific: Penstemon australis

authorship: Small

genus: Penstemon

epithet: australis

family: Plantaginaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

preferred: Eustis Lake beardtongue

source: wikidata

Penstemon australis f. odontophyllus

authorship: Fernald

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ALA FLA GEO MSI NCA SCA TEN VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Mississippi

code: MSI

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

lifeform: perennial

climate: subtropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 357 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names:
Eustis Lake beardtongue
pink beardtongue

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Small

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: penstemon-azureus

scientific: Penstemon azureus

authorship: Benth.

epithet: azureus

preferred: azure penstemon

Penstemon azureus f. jeffreyanus

authorship: (Hook.) Voss

Penstemon azureus subsp. angustissimus

authorship: (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

Penstemon heterophyllus var. azureus

authorship: (Benth.) Jeps.

Penstemon jaffrayanus

authorship: Hook.

Penstemon jeffreyanus

authorship: A.Murray bis

Penstemon tenellus

authorship: Kellogg

codes: CAL ORE

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 228 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
azure penstemon
Azure Beardtongue

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

value: subshrub

value: variable

authors: Benth.

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 327

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: penstemon-baccharifolius

scientific: Penstemon baccharifolius

epithet: baccharifolius

preferred: baccharisleaf beardtongue

codes: MXE MXS TEX

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 378 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
baccharisleaf beardtongue
Rock Beardtongue

value: shrub

authors: Hook.


slug: penstemon-barbatus

scientific: Penstemon barbatus

authorship: (Cav.) Roth

epithet: barbatus

preferred: Beardlip Penstemon

english:
Beardlip Penstemon
beardlip penstemon

source: inat

Chelone antwerpiensis

authorship: Tougard

Chelone barbata

authorship: Cav.

Chelone mexicana

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

authorship: Paxton

Elmigera barbata

authorship: (Cav.) Rchb. ex Steud.

Penstemon angustifolius

authorship: C.Fraser ex Pursh

Penstemon barbatus f. flaviflorus

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Pennell

Penstemon barbatus f. torreyi

authorship: (Benth.) Voss

Penstemon barbatus subsp. torreyi

authorship: (Benth.) D.D.Keck

Penstemon barbatus var. carneus

authorship: Lindl.

Penstemon coccineus

authorship: Engelm.

Penstemon coeruleus

authorship: Torr.

Penstemon formosus

authorship: (J.Thomps.) Trautv.

Penstemon trichander

authorship: (A.Gray) Rydb.

codes: ARI CAL COL MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS NWM TEX UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

New Mexico

code: NWM

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1974 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Ipomopsis aggregata

slug: ipomopsis-aggregata

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
beardlip penstemon
Beardlip Beardtongue

names: 五蕊花 红花钓钟柳

names: Пенстемон бородатый

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Bombus nevadensis
Archilochus colubris
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Cynanthus latirostris
Selasphorus platycercus
Selasphorus rufus

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Ocoaxo assimilis
Calypte anna
Felicola zeylonicus
Meris alticola
Poladryas minuta

published_in: Catal. Bot. fasc. iii. 49; Nutt. Gen. Am. ii. 53

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: penstemon-barnebyi

scientific: Penstemon barnebyi

epithet: barnebyi

preferred: White River Valley beardtongue

codes: CAL NEV

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
White River Valley beardtongue
barneby's beardtongue

published_in: Brittonia 31: 226, fig

field: phenology

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-barrettiae

scientific: Penstemon barrettiae

epithet: barrettiae

preferred: Barrett's beardtongue

codes: ORE WAS

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 122 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Barrett's beardtongue
Gray Barrett's beardtongue

partners:
Bombus rufocinctus
Osmia

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-bicolor

scientific: Penstemon bicolor

authorship: (Brandegee) Clokey & D.D.Keck

epithet: bicolor

published_in: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 38: 12 (1939)

preferred: pinto beardtongue

Penstemon bicolor subsp. roseus

authorship: Clokey & D.D.Keck

Penstemon palmeri var. bicolor

authorship: Brandegee

name: Penstemon pseudospectabilis subsp. bicolor

authorship: (Brandegee) D.D.Keck

codes: ARI CAL NEV

climate: desert or dry shrubland

authors: (Brandegee) Clokey & D.D.Keck

published_in: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 38: 12

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: penstemon-bleaklyi

scientific: Penstemon bleaklyi

authorship: O'Kane & K.D.Heil

epithet: bleaklyi

climate: subalpine or subarctic

names:
Bleakly's Beardtongue
Bleakly's Penstemon

authors: O'Kane & K.D.Heil

published_in: Phytoneuron 2014-61: 1

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-bradburyi

scientific: Penstemon bradburyi

authorship: Pursh

epithet: bradburyi

preferred: large beardtongue

source: usda

Chelone bradburii

authorship: (Pursh) Steud.

Chelone grandiflora

authorship: Spreng.

Penstemon grandiflorus

authorship: Nutt.

codes: COL ILL IOW KAN MIN MSO MNT NEB NWM NDA OKL SDA TEX WIS WYO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2018 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: forb/herb

source: derived from USDA NRCS plant guide

quote: Large beardtongue is a native perennial

label: Leaf type

category: Foliage

value: simple

quote: The leaves are opposite, simple, ovate to oblong, thick and fleshy

quote: The large two inch, pale purple flowers are five lobed and short lived

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: penstemon-breviculus

scientific: Penstemon breviculus

authorship: (D.D.Keck) G.T.Nisbet & R.C.Jacks.

epithet: breviculus

published_in: Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. 41: 734 (1960)

preferred: shortstem beardtongue

codes: ARI COL NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (D.D.Keck) G.T.Nisbet & R.C.Jacks.

published_in: Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 41(5): 734

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-brevisepalus

scientific: Penstemon brevisepalus

authorship: Pennell

epithet: brevisepalus

codes: KTY TEN VRG WVA

Kentucky

code: KTY

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Apr-May

authors: Pennell

published_in: Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 1204. 1933; et in Acad.Nat. Sc. Philad. Monogr.1, Scroph. 227. 1935, descr. ampl


slug: penstemon-buckleyi

scientific: Penstemon buckleyi

epithet: buckleyi

published_in: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 486 (1921 publ. 1922)

preferred: Buckley's beardtongue

Penstemon amplexicaulis

authorship: Buckley

codes: COL KAN NEB NWM OKL TEX

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 139 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Buckley's beardtongue
Buckley's penstemon

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-caesius

scientific: Penstemon caesius

epithet: caesius

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 92 (1883)

preferred: San Bernardino beardtongue

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 210 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Hyles lineata
Platycheirus obscurus

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

partners:
Callimerismus
Chrysocharis ainsliei
Eurytoma
Pnigalio coloni
Thinodytes petiolatus

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xix. (1883) 92


slug: penstemon-caespitosus

scientific: Penstemon caespitosus

authorship: Nutt. ex A.Gray

epithet: caespitosus

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 66 (1862)

preferred: mat penstemon

name: Penstemon caespitosus subsp. desertipicti

authorship: (A.Nelson) D.D.Keck

codes: ARI COL UTA WYO

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 148 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
mat penstemon
Mat Beardtongue

authors: Nutt. ex A.Gray

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 66

reason: Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-calcareus

scientific: Penstemon calcareus

epithet: calcareus

preferred: limestone beardtongue

Nevada

code: NEV

names:
limestone beardtongue
limestone penstemon

authors: Brandegee

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-californicus

scientific: Penstemon californicus

authorship: (Munz & I.M.Johnst.) D.D.Keck

epithet: californicus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 378 (1937)

preferred: California penstemon

Penstemon linarioides var. californicus

authorship: Munz & I.M.Johnst.

codes: CAL MXN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 146 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
California penstemon
California beardtongue

authors: (Munz & I.M.Johnst.) D.D.Keck

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 378


slug: penstemon-calycosus

scientific: Penstemon calycosus

authorship: Small

epithet: calycosus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 470 (1898)

preferred: longsepal beardtongue

Penstemon laevigatus subsp. calycosus

authorship: (Small) R.W.Benn.

Penstemon laevigatus var. calycosus

authorship: (Small) Farw.

Penstemon smallii var. calycosus

authorship: (Small) Krautter

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALA CNT WDC GEO ILL INI KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NWJ NCA OHI ONT PEN RHO SCA TEN VER VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Connecticut

code: CNT

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Rhode I.

code: RHO

South Carolina

code: SCA

Vermont

code: VER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 325 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
longsepal beardtongue
long-sepal beardtongue

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Allograpta obliqua
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fervidus
Bombus pensylvanicus
Eucera hamata
Papilio troilus


slug: penstemon-campanulatus

scientific: Penstemon campanulatus

authorship: (Cav.) Willd.

epithet: campanulatus

preferred: bellflower beardtongue

Chelone angustifolia

authorship: Kunth

Chelone campanulata

authorship: Cav.

Chelone campanuloides

authorship: Andrews

Penstemon angustifolius

authorship: (Kunth) F.Dietr.

Penstemon campanulatus f. pulchellus

authorship: (Lindl.) Voss

name: Penstemon campanulatus subsp. chihuahuensis

authorship: Straw

name: Penstemon campanulatus subsp. subglandulosus

authorship: (S.S.White) Straw

name: Penstemon campanulatus var. angustifolius

authorship: (Kunth) Hook.

Penstemon pulchellus

authorship: Lindl.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 162 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Aretillo
hierba del chincual

names: 钓钟柳 吊鐘柳

authors: Willd.


slug: penstemon-canescens

scientific: Penstemon canescens

authorship: Britton

epithet: canescens

published_in: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 291 (1894)

preferred: eastern gray beardtongue

Penstemon brittanorum

authorship: Pennell ex Peattie

Penstemon brittoniorum

authorship: Pennell

Penstemon canescens f. brittoniorum

authorship: (Pennell) Fernald

Penstemon canescens f. villicaulis

authorship: Fernald

Penstemon canescens subsp. brittoniorum

authorship: (Pennell) Pennell

codes: ALA GEO ILL INI KTY MRY NCA OHI PEN SCA TEN VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maryland

code: MRY

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 593 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners: Apoidea Lepidoptera Trochilidae

partners:
Andrena carlini
Apoidea
Bombus bimaculatus
Lepidoptera
Melecta pacifica
Trochilidae


slug: penstemon-cardinalis

scientific: Penstemon cardinalis

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

epithet: cardinalis

preferred: cardinal beardtongue

Penstemon cardinalis subsp. regalis

authorship: (A.Nelson) G.T.Nisbet & R.C.Jacks.

codes: NWM TEX

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

authors: Wooton & Standl.

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 171


slug: penstemon-cardwellii

scientific: Penstemon cardwellii

authorship: Howell

epithet: cardwellii

preferred: Cardwell's beardtongue

Penstemon fruticosus subsp. cardwellii

authorship: (Howell) Piper

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 633 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus
Bombus rufocinctus
Halictus confusus
Hoplitis grinnelli

authors: Howell

published_in: Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 510


slug: penstemon-centranthifolius

scientific: Penstemon centranthifolius

authorship: (Benth.) Benth.

epithet: centranthifolius

preferred: scarlet bugler

Chelone centranthifolia

authorship: Benth.

Chelone cheilanthifolia

authorship: Paxton

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2032 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Andrena
Apodemia
Bombus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Calypte anna
Calypte costae
Erynnis pacuvius
Hoplitis grinnelli

partners:
Calypte anna
Lasioglossum ovaliceps
Macrosiphum euphorbiae
Selasphorus sasin

authors: (Benth.) Benth.

published_in: Scroph. Ind. 7


slug: penstemon-cerrosensis

scientific: Penstemon cerrosensis

authorship: Kellogg

epithet: cerrosensis

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 19 (1863)

authors: Kellogg

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 19


slug: penstemon-cinicola

scientific: Penstemon cinicola

epithet: cinicola

published_in: Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 520: 294 (1940)

preferred: ash penstemon

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 44 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
ash penstemon
ash beardtongue

authors: Keck

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist xxii. 297 (1939), anglice; et in Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash.No. 520 (J. Clausen, Keck & Hiesey, Exper. Stud. Nat. Spec. I.) 265, 294 (1940),latine

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-clevelandii

scientific: Penstemon clevelandii

epithet: clevelandii

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 11: 94 (1876)

preferred: Cleveland's beardtongue

Penstemon clevelandii subsp. connatus

authorship: (Munz & I.M.Johnst.) D.D.Keck

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 272 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 94


slug: penstemon-clutei

scientific: Penstemon clutei

epithet: clutei

published_in: Amer. Bot. (Binghamton) 33: 106 (1927)

preferred: Sunset Crater beardtongue

name: Penstemon pseudospectabilis subsp. clutei

authorship: (A.Nelson) D.D.Keck

Arizona

code: ARI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 87 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Amer. Bot. (Binghamton) 33: 109

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-cobaea

scientific: Penstemon cobaea

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: cobaea

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 5: 182 (1835)

preferred: cobaea beardtongue

codes: ARK IOW KAN MSO NEB OKL TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

Oklahoma

code: OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2042 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
cobaea beardtongue
Prairie penstemon

names: Пенстемон Кобо

names: ウスムラサキツリガネヤナギ

partners:
Apoidea
Bombus auricomus
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus terrestris

partners:
Bombus pensylvanicus
Xylocopa tabaniformis parkinsoniae

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus pensylvanicus

value: May-Jun

authors: Nutt.

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, 5: 182


slug: penstemon-comarrhenus

scientific: Penstemon comarrhenus

epithet: comarrhenus

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 81 (1877)

preferred: dusty beardtongue

codes: ARI COL NEV NWM UTA

Colorado

code: COL

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 251 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
dusty beardtongue
dusty penstemon

partners:
Lithurgopsis apicalis
Pseudomasaris vespoides

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xii. (1877) 81


slug: penstemon-confertus

scientific: Penstemon confertus

authorship: Douglas

epithet: confertus

preferred: yellow penstemon

name: Penstemon confertus var. caeruleopurpureus

Penstemon confertus var. rigidus

authorship: Jeps.

Penstemon confertus var. violaceus

authorship: Trautv.

Penstemon depressus

authorship: Greene

codes: ASK ABT BRC IDA MNT ORE SAS WAS

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1933 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
yellow penstemon
lesser yellow beardtongue

names:
penstémon dense
penstémon à fleurs jaunes

partners:
Bombus appositus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus flavidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus frigidus

partners:
Bombus insularis
Bombus vagans
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus
Megachile melanophaea
Occidryas anicia

partners:
Pyramidobela quinquecristata
Syngrapha hochenwarthi

label: Growth form

value: Single Crown

label: Growth rate

value: rapid

label: Leaf retention

value: deciduous

label: Foliage colour


slug: penstemon-confusus

scientific: Penstemon confusus

epithet: confusus

preferred: Owens Valley beardtongue

codes: ARI NEV UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 230 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Owens Valley beardtongue
Mistaken penstemon


slug: penstemon-crandallii

scientific: Penstemon crandallii

epithet: crandallii

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 354 (1899)

preferred: Crandall's beardtongue

name: Penstemon coloradoensis var. glabrescens

authorship: (Pennell) A.Nelson

Penstemon crandallii subsp. glabrescens

authorship: (Pennell) D.D.Keck

Penstemon crandallii subsp. procumbens

authorship: (Greene) D.D.Keck

Penstemon crandallii subsp. taosensis

authorship: (D.D.Keck) J.T.Kartesz & Gandhi

Penstemon crandallii var. taosensis

authorship: (D.D.Keck) G.T.Nisbet & R.C.Jacks.

Penstemon glabrescens

authorship: Pennell

Penstemon suffrutescens

authorship: Rydb.

codes: COL NWM UTA

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 82 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26(7): 354

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-cyananthus

scientific: Penstemon cyananthus

authorship: Hook.

epithet: cyananthus

preferred: Wasatch beardtongue

Penstemon glaber f. cyananthus

authorship: (Hook.) Voss

Penstemon glaber var. cyananthus

authorship: (Hook.) A.Gray

codes: IDA MNT UTA WYO

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 872 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Wasatch beardtongue
Wasatch penstemon

partners:
Bombus flavifrons
Panurginus atriceps

partners:
Lagopoecus unidentifiable
Pseudomasaris vespoides

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: slow

value: green

label: Flower colour

value: blue

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: penstemon-cyaneus

scientific: Penstemon cyaneus

epithet: cyaneus

preferred: blue penstemon

codes: IDA MNT WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 71 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
blue penstemon
Blue beardtongue

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii

quote: Blue penstemon is a native perennial sub-shrub

quote: At maturity the plant reaches 30 to 70 cm (12 to 28 in) tall.

value: bright blue often suffused with pink

quote: The flowers are bright blue often suffused with pink

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 351

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: penstemon-cyanocaulis

scientific: Penstemon cyanocaulis

authorship: Payson

epithet: cyanocaulis

preferred: bluestem beardtongue

codes: COL UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 150 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

quote: Bluestem penstemon is a cool-season, short-lived perennial forb

value: blue to lavender

quote: 5 blue to lavender lobed petals

label: Phenology

value: Flowering season is from April to June

quote: Flowering season is from April to June

authors: Payson

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: penstemon-cyathophorus

scientific: Penstemon cyathophorus

epithet: cyathophorus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 643 (1905)

preferred: sagebrush beardtongue

codes: COL WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 61 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

value: non-woody

value: perennial

authors: Rydb.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 643

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: penstemon-dasyphyllus

scientific: Penstemon dasyphyllus

epithet: dasyphyllus

preferred: Cochise beardtongue

Penstemon stenophyllus var. dasyphyllus

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Woodiness

published_in: Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. 112


slug: penstemon-davidsonii

scientific: Penstemon davidsonii

epithet: davidsonii

preferred: Davidson's penstemon

Penstemon fruticosus var. douglasii

authorship: (Hook.) C.K.Schneid.

Penstemon menziesii f. davidsonii

authorship: (Greene) G.N.Jones

Penstemon menziesii subsp. davidsonii

authorship: (Greene) Piper

Penstemon menziesii subsp. thompsonii

authorship: Pennell & D.D.Keck

codes: BRC CAL NEV ORE WAS

California

code: CAL

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2016 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Davidson's penstemon
Davidson's beardtongue

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus
Bombus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus vosnesenskii
Halictus confusus
Lasioglossum

partners:
Aegyptobia montana
Scaeva affinis

value: subshrub

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Greene


slug: penstemon-deaveri

scientific: Penstemon deaveri

authorship: Crosswh.

epithet: deaveri

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 77: 6 (1967)

preferred: Mt. Graham beardtongue

Penstemon virgatus subsp. arizonicus

authorship: (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

codes: ARI NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 53 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mt. Graham beardtongue
Mount Graham beardtongue

label: Life cycle

authors: Crosswh.

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 77: 6

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-deustus

scientific: Penstemon deustus

authorship: Douglas

epithet: deustus

preferred: scabland penstemon

Penstemon deustus subsp. heterander

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Pennell & D.D.Keck

Penstemon deustus subsp. variabilis

authorship: (Suksd.) Pennell & D.D.Keck

Penstemon deustus var. heterander

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) M.Peck

Penstemon heterander

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Penstemon ilicifolius

authorship: Nutt. ex Benth.

Penstemon paniculatus

authorship: Howell

Penstemon variabilis

authorship: Suksd.

codes: CAL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1608 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
scabland penstemon
Hot Rock Penstemon

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Bombus fervidus
Bombus centralis
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus rufocinctus

value: Multiple Stem

value: moderate

label: Height


slug: penstemon-digitalis

scientific: Penstemon digitalis

authorship: Nutt. ex Sims

epithet: digitalis

preferred: foxglove beardtongue

english:
foxglove beardtongue
talus slope penstemon

Chelone digitalis

authorship: (Nutt.) Sweet

Penstemon alluviorum

authorship: Pennell

Penstemon digitalis f. baueri

authorship: Steyerm.

Penstemon digitalis var. albidus

authorship: Trautv.

Penstemon digitalis var. latifolius

authorship: Regel

Penstemon laevigatus subsp. alluviorum

authorship: (Pennell) R.W.Benn.

Penstemon laevigatus subsp. digitalis

authorship: (Nutt.) R.W.Benn.

Penstemon laevigatus var. digitalis

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Gray

codes: ALA ARK ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB OHI OKL TEN TEX WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Tennessee

code: TEN

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1984 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
talus slope penstemon
Tall White Beardtongue

names: 毛地黄钓钟柳 毛地黃吊鐘柳

names: Пенстемон наперстянковый

label: Pollinated by

partners: Apoidea Lepidoptera

partners:
Anthidium manicatum
Bombus auricomus
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fervidus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus vagans

partners:
Anthidium manicatum
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus auricomus
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fervidus
Bombus impatiens
Metriorrhynchomiris dislocatus
Papilio troilus

label: Eaten by

partners:
Haploa confusa
Agapostemon virescens
Anthidium manicatum
Anthophora abrupta
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus
Bombus auricomus
Bombus bimaculatus


slug: penstemon-diphyllus

scientific: Penstemon diphyllus

authorship: Rydb.

epithet: diphyllus

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 349 (1900)

preferred: twoleaf beardtongue

Penstemon triphyllus subsp. diphyllus

authorship: (Rydb.) D.D.Keck

codes: IDA MNT WAS

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Washington

code: WAS

names:
twoleaf beardtongue
two-leaf beardtongue

partners:
Bombus appositus
Bombus centralis
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus rufocinctus

published_in: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 349


slug: penstemon-eatonii

scientific: Penstemon eatonii

epithet: eatonii

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 395 (1872)

preferred: firecracker penstemon

Penstemon eatonii subsp. exsertus

authorship: (A.Nelson) D.D.Keck

Penstemon eatonii subsp. undosus

authorship: (M.E.Jones) D.D.Keck

codes: ARI CAL COL IDA NEV NWM UTA WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

Utah

code: UTA

Wyoming

code: WYO

names:
firecracker penstemon
Eaton's Beardtongue

names: Пенстемон Этони

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Calypte costae
Bombus vandykei
Coccinella septempunctata
Selasphorus platycercus
Trochilidae

label: Visited by

partners:
Aspidoscelis tigris
Calypte anna
Fuscopolistes
Lasioglossum ovaliceps
Mallophora fautrix
Melozone crissalis
Sceliphron caementarium
Selasphorus

partners:
Calypte anna
Dione vanillae
Selasphorus sasin

value: Single Stem


slug: penstemon-ellipticus

scientific: Penstemon ellipticus

authorship: J.M.Coult. & Fisher

epithet: ellipticus

preferred: rocky ledge penstemon

Penstemon davidsonii var. ellipticus

authorship: (J.M.Coult. & Fisher) B.Boivin

codes: ABT BRC IDA MNT WAS

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1275 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rocky ledge penstemon
alpine beardtongue

partners:
Atoposmia elongata
Hylaeus annulatus

value: woody

authors: J.M.Coult. & Fisher


slug: penstemon-eriantherus

scientific: Penstemon eriantherus

authorship: Nutt. ex Pursh

epithet: eriantherus

preferred: fuzzytongue penstemon

Chelone cristata

authorship: Spreng.

Chelone erianthera

authorship: (Nutt. ex Pursh) Steud.

Penstemon cristatus

authorship: Nutt.

Penstemon dayanus

authorship: Howell

Penstemon eriantherus var. grandis

authorship: Pennell & D.D.Keck

Penstemon eriantherus var. saliens

authorship: (Rydb.) Pennell

Penstemon whitedii

authorship: Piper

Penstemon whitedii subsp. dayanus

authorship: (Howell) D.D.Keck

Penstemon whitedii var. dayanus

authorship: (Howell) M.Peck

codes: ABT BRC COL IDA MNT NEB NDA ORE SDA UTA WAS WYO

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oregon

code: ORE

South Dakota

code: SDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 871 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
fuzzytongue penstemon
crested beardtongue

partners:
Bombus appositus
Ceratina neomexicana
Halictus ligatus
Hoplitis albifrons argentifrons
Hoplitis hypocrita
Lasioglossum albipenne
Lasioglossum egregium
Lasioglossum marinense

value: forb/herb

quote: Fuzzytongue penstemon is a perennial forb

quote: grow 4 to 16 inches tall

value: Flowers bloom from late May into early September after first year growth

published_in: Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana [unpaged] no. 67


slug: penstemon-euglaucus

scientific: Penstemon euglaucus

authorship: English

epithet: euglaucus

published_in: Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41: 197 (1928)

preferred: glaucous beardtongue

codes: ORE WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 195 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus occidentalis
Bombus vosnesenskii

authors: English

published_in: Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41: 197


slug: penstemon-eximius

scientific: Penstemon eximius

epithet: eximius

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 18: 798 (1937)

preferred: Extraordinary Beardtongue

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

names: Пенстемон исключительный

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 18: 798


slug: penstemon-fendleri

scientific: Penstemon fendleri

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: fendleri

published_in: Pacif. Railr. Rep. Pope, Bot. 2(4): 168 (1857)

preferred: Fendler's penstemon

codes: ARI KAN MXE NWM OKL TEX

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 532 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Fendler's penstemon
Fendler's Beardtongue

authors: Torr. & A.Gray

published_in: Pacif. Railr. Rep. 2(4): 168


slug: penstemon-filiformis

scientific: Penstemon filiformis

authorship: (D.D.Keck) D.D.Keck

epithet: filiformis

published_in: Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 761 (1951)

preferred: threadleaf beardtongue

Penstemon laetus var. filiformis

authorship: (D.D.Keck) McMinn

California

code: CAL

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
threadleaf beardtongue
Keck threadleaf beardtongue

authors: (D.D.Keck) D.D.Keck in Abrams

published_in: Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 761

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-flowersii

scientific: Penstemon flowersii

authorship: Neese & S.L.Welsh

epithet: flowersii

published_in: Great Basin Naturalist 43: 429 (1983)

preferred: Flowers' beardtongue

authors: Neese & S.L.Welsh

published_in: Great Basin Naturalist 43: 429, fig

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: penstemon-fruticiformis

scientific: Penstemon fruticiformis

authorship: Coville

epithet: fruticiformis

preferred: Death Valley beardtongue

name: Penstemon fruticiformis subsp. amargosae

name: Penstemon fruticiformis subsp. fruticiformis

name: Penstemon fruticiformis var. spiciformis

authorship: Jeps.

codes: CAL NEV

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

authors: Coville

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 4: 170

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-fruticosus

scientific: Penstemon fruticosus

authorship: (Pursh) Greene

epithet: fruticosus

preferred: Bush Penstemon

english:
Bush Penstemon
bush penstemon
shrubby penstemon

Apentostera secundiflora

authorship: Raf.

Chelone scouleri

authorship: Douglas ex Lindl.

Dasanthera fruticosa

authorship: (Pursh) Raf.

Gerardia fruticosa

authorship: Pursh

Penstemon crassifolius

authorship: Lindl.

Penstemon fruticosus subsp. scouleri

authorship: (Douglas) Pennell & D.D.Keck

Penstemon fruticosus var. crassifolius

authorship: (Lindl.) Krautter

Penstemon lewisii

authorship: Benth.

Penstemon menziesii

authorship: Hook.

Penstemon menziesii f. scouleri

authorship: (Douglas) Voss

Penstemon menziesii var. crassifolius

authorship: (Lindl.) Schelle

Penstemon menziesii var. lewisii

authorship: (Benth.) A.Gray

Penstemon menziesii var. peduncularis

authorship: (Nutt. ex Benth.) Schelle

Penstemon menziesii var. scouleri

authorship: (Douglas) A.Gray

Penstemon peduncularis

authorship: Nutt. ex Benth.

Penstemon scouleri

authorship: Douglas

codes: ABT BRC IDA MNT ORE WAS WYO

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1972 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
bush penstemon
shrubby penstemon

names:
penstémon arbustif
pentstémon frutescent

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus
Bombus appositus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus huntii
Bombus nevadensis

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus
Bombus vandykei

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus vancouverensis
Papilio canadensis


slug: penstemon-gairdneri

scientific: Penstemon gairdneri

epithet: gairdneri

preferred: Gairdner's beardtongue

Penstemon gairdneri subsp. hians

authorship: (Piper) D.D.Keck

Penstemon gairdneri subsp. oreganus

authorship: (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

Penstemon gairdneri var. hians

authorship: Piper

Penstemon oreganus

authorship: (A.Gray) Howell

Penstemon puberulentus

authorship: Rydb.

codes: IDA ORE WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 439 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Gairdner's beardtongue
Gairdner's penstemon

partners:
Anthophora crotchii
Ashmeadiella foxiella
Atoposmia
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus huntii
Bombyliidae
Ceratina pacifica

value: variable

value: Single Crown

value: deciduous

label: Bloom period

value: Late Spring


slug: penstemon-gentianoides

scientific: Penstemon gentianoides

authorship: (Kunth) Poir.

epithet: gentianoides

preferred: gentian beardtongue

Chelone gentianoides

authorship: Kunth

Penstemon skutchii

authorship: Straw

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS GUA HON

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Honduras

code: HON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 666 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Basilinna leucotis
Colibri thalassinus
Eugenes fulgens
Lampornis clemenciae

partners:
Archilochus colubris
Eugenes fulgens
Basilinna leucotis
Bombus ephippiatus
Bombus huntii
Colibri thalassinus
Lampornis clemenciae
Selasphorus platycercus

authors: Poir.

published_in: Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. [F. Cuvier] 38: 385


slug: penstemon-glaber

scientific: Penstemon glaber

authorship: Pursh

epithet: glaber

preferred: sawsepal penstemon

Chelone alpina

authorship: Spreng.

Penstemon alpinus

authorship: Torr.

Penstemon alpinus f. riparius

authorship: (A.Nelson) Pennell

Penstemon alpinus subsp. brandegeei

authorship: (Porter) Penland

Penstemon alpinus subsp. magnus

authorship: (Pennell) Penland

Penstemon brandegeei

authorship: (Porter) Rydb.

Penstemon cyananthus var. brandegeei

authorship: Porter

Penstemon glaber var. stenosepalus

authorship: Regel

Penstemon magnus

authorship: Pennell

codes: COL MXE MNT NEB NWM NDA SDA WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Mexico

code: NWM

North Dakota

code: NDA

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 778 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
sawsepal penstemon
Sawsepal Beardtongue

names: Пенстемон гладкий

partners:
Bombus centralis
Agapostemon splendens
Andrena madronitens
Andrena prunorum
Andrena vicina
Anthophora bomboides
Anthophora terminalis
Anthophora ursina

partners:
Andrena vicina
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus appositus
Bombus balteatus
Osmia densa
Agapostemon splendens
Andrena prunorum
Anthophora bomboides

value: herb


slug: penstemon-globosus

scientific: Penstemon globosus

authorship: (Piper) Pennell & D.D.Keck

epithet: globosus

published_in: Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 520: 294 (1940)

preferred: globe penstemon

codes: IDA MNT ORE

Oregon

code: ORE

names:
globe penstemon
Globe Beardtongue

partners:
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus vandykei

authors: (Piper) Pennell & D.D.Keck

published_in: Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 520: 294

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-gormanii

scientific: Penstemon gormanii

authorship: Greene

epithet: gormanii

published_in: Ottawa Naturalist 16: 39 (1902)

preferred: Gorman's beardtongue

codes: ASK BRC NWT YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

British Columbia

code: BRC

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 391 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Gorman's beardtongue
Gorman's penstemon

partners:
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus
Hemaris thysbe
Hyles gallii

published_in: Ottawa Naturalist 16: 39


slug: penstemon-gracilentus

scientific: Penstemon gracilentus

epithet: gracilentus

published_in: Pacif. Railr. Rep. Williamson & Abbot, Bot. 6(3; 2): 82 (1858)

preferred: slender penstemon

Penstemon gracilentus var. ursorum

authorship: Jeps.

codes: CAL NEV ORE

California

code: CAL

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 318 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
slender penstemon
Slender Beardtongue


slug: penstemon-gracilis

scientific: Penstemon gracilis

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: gracilis

preferred: lilac penstemon

Chelone gracilis

authorship: (Nutt.) Spreng.

Penstemon digitalis var. glaucus

authorship: (Graham) Trautv.

Penstemon digitalis var. gracilis

authorship: (Nutt.) Trautv.

Penstemon glaucus

authorship: Graham

name: Penstemon gracilis subsp. wisconsinensis

Penstemon gracilis var. wisconsinensis

authorship: (Pennell) Fassett

Penstemon pubescens var. gracilis

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Gray

codes: ABT BRC COL ILL IOW MAN MIC MIN MNT NEB NWM NDA ONT SAS SDA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Illinois

code: ILL

Iowa

code: IOW

Manitoba

code: MAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

Ontario

code: ONT

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1255 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
lilac penstemon
Slender Beardtongue

names: Пенстемон изящный

partners:
Bombus centralis
Halictus
Andrena washingtoni
Andronicus
Anthophora bomboides
Anthophora terminalis
Anthophora ursina
Ashmeadiella pronitens

partners:
Andrena washingtoni
Anthophora bomboides
Anthophora terminalis
Anthophora ursina
Bombus appositus
Bombus centralis
Bombus huntii
Bombus melanopygus


slug: penstemon-griffinii

scientific: Penstemon griffinii

epithet: griffinii

preferred: Griffin's beardtongue

codes: COL NWM

Colorado

code: COL

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Apis
Lepidoptera
Osmia
Osmia brevis

partners:
Lasioglossum
Megachile
Melyridae
Ochlodes snowi
Oligodranes
Apis
Lepidoptera
Osmia


slug: penstemon-grinnellii

scientific: Penstemon grinnellii

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: grinnellii

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 207 (1905)

preferred: Grinnell's beardtongue

name: Penstemon grinnellii subsp. scrophularioides

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Munz

name: Penstemon grinnellii var. scrophularioides

authorship: (M.E.Jones) N.H.Holmgren

Penstemon palmeri var. grinnellii

authorship: (Eastw.) Munz & I.M.Johnst.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1394 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Bombus
Coccinella septempunctata
Diadasia bituberculata
Xylocopa tabaniformis
Xylocopa tabaniformis orpifex
Apis mellifera
Bombus fervidus

authors: Eastw.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 207


slug: penstemon-hallii

scientific: Penstemon hallii

epithet: hallii

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 70 (1862)

preferred: Hall's beardtongue

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 309 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Пенстемон Холла

partners:
Anthophora ursina
Halictus pulzenus
Hoplitis albifrons
Hylaeus basalis
Osmia densa
Osmia nanula
Osmia proxima

partners:
Osmia densa
Anthophora ursina
Cerceris basalis
Halictus pulzenus
Hoplitis albifrons
Hylaeus basalis
Osmia nanula
Osmia proxima

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts vi. (1862) 70

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-hartwegii

scientific: Penstemon hartwegii

authorship: Benth.

epithet: hartwegii

preferred: Hartweg's beardtongue

Penstemon gentianoides

authorship: Lindl.

Penstemon hartwegii var. hybridus

authorship: Voss

Penstemon puniceus

authorship: Lilja

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

names: Пенстемон Хартвега

value: rapid

value: green

value: red

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Benth.

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 48


slug: penstemon-havardii

scientific: Penstemon havardii

epithet: havardii

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 306 (1885)

preferred: Big Bend beardtongue

codes: MXE TEX

Texas

code: TEX

value: non-woody

value: perennial

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xx. (1885) 306

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: penstemon-hesperius

scientific: Penstemon hesperius

epithet: hesperius

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

names:
Tall Penstemon
tall western penstemon

partners: Dialictus Osmia

published_in: Torreya 32: 152

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-heterodoxus

scientific: Penstemon heterodoxus

epithet: heterodoxus

preferred: Sierra beardtongue

Penstemon cephalophorus

authorship: Greene

Penstemon confertus var. geniculatus

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

name: Penstemon heterodoxus subsp. cephalophorus

authorship: (Greene) D.D.Keck

name: Penstemon heterodoxus subsp. heterodoxus

Penstemon procerus f. geniculatus

authorship: (Greene) Smiley

California

code: CAL

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 664 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sierra beardtongue
Sierra Penstemon

value: subshrub


slug: penstemon-heterophyllus

scientific: Penstemon heterophyllus

epithet: heterophyllus

preferred: bunchleaf penstemon

name: Penstemon heterophyllus subsp. australis

authorship: (Munz & I.M.Johnst.) D.D.Keck

name: Penstemon heterophyllus subsp. heterophyllus

name: Penstemon heterophyllus subsp. spinulosus

Penstemon spinulosus

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1997 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anthophora urbana
Apis mellifera
Bombus melanopygus
Diadasia
Diadasia bituberculata
Eulonchus smaragdinus
Pseudomasaris vespoides
Xylocopa sonorina

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus californicus
Hyles lineata
Pseudomasaris vespoides
Xylocopa tabaniformis

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Eulonchus smaragdinus
Ochlodes agricola
Pseudomasaris vespoides
Sphaerophoria sulphuripes
Trichodes ornatus

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 22: t. 1899


slug: penstemon-hirsutus

scientific: Penstemon hirsutus

authorship: (L.) Willd.

epithet: hirsutus

preferred: hairy beardtongue

Bartramia concinna

authorship: Salisb.

Chelone hirsuta

authorship: L.

Chelone pubescens

authorship: (Aiton) J.Parm.

Penstemon amplexicaulis

authorship: Moench

Penstemon digitalis var. pubescens

authorship: (Aiton) Trautv.

Penstemon hirsutus f. albiflorus

authorship: Farw.

Penstemon latifolius

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Penstemon longifolius

authorship: Scheele

Penstemon mackayanus

authorship: Knowles & Westc.

Penstemon pubescens

authorship: Aiton

Penstemon pubescens unranked pygmaeus

authorship: J.R.Duncan & V.C.Davies

codes: CNT DEL WDC ILL INI KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC NWJ NWY OHI ONT PEN QUE RHO TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2035 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
hairy beardtongue
Northeastern Beardtongue

names: Пенстемон жестковолосистый

partners:
Andrena pruni
Andrena robertsonii
Apoidea
Calliphora vomitoria
Cemolobus oligolege
Ceropales robinsonii robinsonii
Cnephia pecuarum
Coelioxys alternata

partners:
Bombus fervidus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Hoplitis pilosifrons
Osmia bucephala
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus vagans

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus impatiens
Cyrtolabulus mutinensis
Hoplitis pilosifrons
Osmia bucephala
Osmia distincta

partners:
Anthidium maculosum
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus fervidus
Bombus impatiens
Euphydryas phaeton
Melissodes bimaculatus


slug: penstemon-humilis

scientific: Penstemon humilis

authorship: Nutt. ex A.Gray

epithet: humilis

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 69 (1862)

preferred: Low Beardtongue

english:
Low Beardtongue
low beardtongue
lowly penstemon

Penstemon brevifolius

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Nelson

Penstemon cinereus

authorship: Piper

Penstemon decurvus

authorship: Pennell ex Crosswh.

Penstemon humilis subsp. brevifolius

authorship: (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

Penstemon humilis subsp. obtusifolius

authorship: (Pennell) D.D.Keck

Penstemon obtusifolius

authorship: Pennell

codes: CAL COL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 385 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
low beardtongue
lowly penstemon

partners:
Ashmeadiella
Atoposmia
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus rufocinctus
Callophrys gryneus nelsoni
Melecta pacifica
Mitoura nelsoni

quote: Penstemon or beardtongue species are perennial forbs or sub-shrubs to shrubs

value: flowers appear in May through July depending on species

authors: Nutt. ex A.Gray

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts vi. (1862) 69


slug: penstemon-immanifestus

scientific: Penstemon immanifestus

epithet: immanifestus

preferred: Steptoe Valley beardtongue

codes: NEV UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Brittonia 30: 334, fig


slug: penstemon-incertus

scientific: Penstemon incertus

authorship: Brandegee

epithet: incertus

preferred: Mojave beardtongue

Penstemon fruticiformis var. incertus

authorship: (Brandegee) Munz & I.M.Johnst.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 151 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Brandegee

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-inflatus

scientific: Penstemon inflatus

authorship: Crosswh.

epithet: inflatus

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 74: 436 (1965)

preferred: inflated beardtongue

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 167 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 74: 436

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-jamesii

scientific: Penstemon jamesii

authorship: Benth.

epithet: jamesii

preferred: James' beardtongue

Penstemon albidus

authorship: Torr.

codes: COL KAN MXE NWM TEX

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 416 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
James' beardtongue
James' penstemon

partners:
Diadasia
Pseudomasaris occidentalis


slug: penstemon-janishiae

scientific: Penstemon janishiae

epithet: janishiae

preferred: Antelope Valley beardtongue

codes: CAL IDA NEV ORE

names:
Antelope Valley beardtongue
Janish's Beardtongue


slug: penstemon-kingii

scientific: Penstemon kingii

epithet: kingii

published_in: Botany [Fortieth Parallel] : 222 (1871)

preferred: King's beardtongue

Penstemon kingii var. glaucus

authorship: Kellogg

codes: NEV ORE

published_in: Botany [Fortieth Parallel] 222


slug: penstemon-kralii

scientific: Penstemon kralii

epithet: kralii

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 6: 1 (2012)

preferred: Kral's beardtongue

codes: ALA TEN

Alabama

code: ALA

Tennessee

code: TEN

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 6(1): 1


slug: penstemon-labrosus

scientific: Penstemon labrosus

authorship: (A.Gray) Mast. ex Hook.f.

epithet: labrosus

preferred: San Gabriel beardtongue

codes: CAL MXN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 737 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Papilio rutulus
Selasphorus calliope
Selasphorus rufus

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Halictus farinosus
Leptotes marina
Lycomorpha regulus
Strymon melinus
Xylocopa tabaniformis orpifex
Zerene eurydice
Papilio rutulus

authors: (A.Gray) Mast. ex Hook.f.


slug: penstemon-laetus

scientific: Penstemon laetus

epithet: laetus

published_in: Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 7: 147 (1859)

preferred: mountain blue penstemon

Penstemon laetus subsp. leptosepalus

authorship: (Greene ex A.Gray) D.D.Keck

Penstemon sagittatus

authorship: (D.D.Keck) Pennell

codes: CAL ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 795 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
mountain blue penstemon
Mountain Blue Beardtongue

partners: Apoidea Vespidae

partners:
Bombus californicus
Megachilinae

value: moderate

value: gray-green

value: blue


slug: penstemon-laevigatus

scientific: Penstemon laevigatus

authorship: Aiton

epithet: laevigatus

preferred: eastern smooth beardtongue

Bartramia pulchella

authorship: Salisb.

Chelone laevigata

authorship: Pers.

Chelone pentstemon

authorship: L.

Penstemon glaucophyllus

authorship: Scheele

Penstemon laevigatus var. canescens

authorship: Britton

Penstemon pentstemon

authorship: (L.) MacMill.

codes: ALA CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO KTY LOU MRY MAS MSI NWJ NCA OHI PEN SCA TEN VRG WVA

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Jersey

code: NWJ

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 421 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Eastern Beardtongue
Eastern Smooth Beardtongue

names: Пенстемон гладкий

partners:
Aedes nigripes
Andrena sayi
Apallates coxendix
Auplopus relativus
Camptoneura picta
Carceris robertsonii
Ceropales robinsonii robinsonii
Cnephia pecuarum

partners:
Bombus pensylvanicus
Hoplitis pilosifrons
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus bimaculatus
Eucera rosae
Hyles lineata
Megachile montivaga
Osmia simillima


slug: penstemon-laevis

scientific: Penstemon laevis

authorship: Pennell

epithet: laevis

preferred: southwestern beardtongue

codes: ARI UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 120 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
southwestern beardtongue
smooth penstemon

partners:
Apolysis
Pseudomasaris vespoides

authors: Pennell

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 347


slug: penstemon-lanceolatus

scientific: Penstemon lanceolatus

epithet: lanceolatus

preferred: lanceleaf beardtongue

Penstemon pauciflorus

authorship: Greene

codes: ARI MXG MXE MXN MXS NWM TEX

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Branching Penstemon
Lanceleaf Beardtongue

partners:
Agapostemon viridulus
Amazilia tzacatl
Ancistrocerus
Anthophora terminalis
Anthophora urbana
Anthophora ursina
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 22

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol PERA8

license: public domain


slug: penstemon-laricifolius

scientific: Penstemon laricifolius

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

epithet: laricifolius

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. : 376 (1839)

preferred: larchleaf beardtongue

Penstemon filifolius

authorship: Nutt. ex Benth.

name: Penstemon laricifolius subsp. exilifolius

authorship: (A.Nelson) D.D.Keck

codes: COL MNT WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Montana

code: MNT

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Hook. & Arn.

published_in: Bot. Beechey Voy. 376


slug: penstemon-laxiflorus

scientific: Penstemon laxiflorus

epithet: laxiflorus

published_in: Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 229 (1935)

preferred: nodding beardtongue

Penstemon australis subsp. laxiflorus

authorship: (Pennell) R.W.Benn.

codes: ALA ARK LOU MSI OKL TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1041 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
nodding beardtongue
Loose-Flowered Penstemon

partners:
Apis mellifera
Battus philenor
Bombus pensylvanicus

published_in: Monogr.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia no. 1: 229


slug: penstemon-leiophyllus

scientific: Penstemon leiophyllus

epithet: leiophyllus

preferred: smoothleaf beardtongue

Penstemon francisci-pennellii

authorship: Crosswh.

Penstemon keckii

authorship: Clokey

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 82 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
smoothleaf beardtongue
Markagunt Penstemon

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 346


slug: penstemon-lemhiensis

scientific: Penstemon lemhiensis

authorship: (D.D.Keck) D.D.Keck & Cronquist

epithet: lemhiensis

preferred: Lemhi penstemon

codes: IDA MNT

Idaho

code: IDA

names:
Lemhi penstemon
Lemhi Beardtongue

authors: (D.D.Keck) D.D.Keck & Cronquist

published_in: Brittonia 8: 248

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-lentus

scientific: Penstemon lentus

epithet: lentus

preferred: Handsome Beardtongue

english:
Handsome Beardtongue
handsome beardtongue

codes: ARI COL NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

Utah

code: UTA

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 359

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-leonardii

scientific: Penstemon leonardii

authorship: Rydb.

epithet: leonardii

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 483 (1913)

preferred: Leonard's beardtongue

Penstemon higginsii

authorship: (Neese) N.H.Holmgren & N.D.Atwood

codes: ARI IDA NEV UTA

names:
Leonard's beardtongue
Leonard's penstemon

authors: Rydb.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 483

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-leonensis

scientific: Penstemon leonensis

authorship: Straw

epithet: leonensis

published_in: Bol. Soc. Bot. México 27: 8 (1962)

codes: MXE MXN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 79 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Bombus huntii
Deltoptila

authors: Straw

published_in: Bol. Soc. Bot. México no. 27: 8

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: penstemon-linarioides

scientific: Penstemon linarioides

epithet: linarioides

preferred: toadflax penstemon

name: Penstemon linarioides subsp. coloradoensis

name: Penstemon linarioides subsp. compactifolius

Penstemon linarioides subsp. sileri

authorship: (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

codes: ARI COL MXN NEV NWM UTA

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 498 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
toadflax penstemon
Siler's penstemon

partners:
Anthidium maculosum
Papilio multicaudata

published_in: Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. 112

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: penstemon-lyallii

scientific: Penstemon lyallii

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

epithet: lyallii

preferred: Lyall's beardtongue

Penstemon linearifolius

authorship: J.M.Coult. & Fisher

Penstemon lyallii var. linearifolius

authorship: (J.M.Coult. & Fisher) Krautter

codes: ABT BRC IDA MNT WAS

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 394 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: slow

value: purple

authors: (A.Gray) A.Gray

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: penstemon-mensarum

scientific: Penstemon mensarum

epithet: mensarum

preferred: tiger beardtongue

Colorado

code: COL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 70 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tiger beardtongue
Grand Mesa Beardtongue

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 380

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: penstemon-miser

scientific: Penstemon miser

epithet: miser

preferred: Malheur penstemon

codes: IDA ORE

Oregon

code: ORE

names:
Malheur penstemon
Malheur River Beardtongue

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-moffatii

scientific: Penstemon moffatii

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: moffatii

preferred: Moffatt's Beardtongue

english:
Moffatt's Beardtongue
Moffatt's beard-tongue
Moffatt's beardtongue

Penstemon moffatii subsp. paysonii

authorship: (Pennell) D.D.Keck

codes: COL UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 61 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Zoe 4: 9


slug: penstemon-monoensis

scientific: Penstemon monoensis

epithet: monoensis

published_in: Muhlenbergia 2: 246 (1906)

preferred: Mono penstemon

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 74 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mono penstemon
Mono Beardtongue

published_in: Muhlenbergia 2: 246

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-montanus

scientific: Penstemon montanus

authorship: Greene

epithet: montanus

preferred: cordroot beardtongue

codes: IDA MNT UTA WYO

Montana

code: MNT

Wyoming

code: WYO

names:
cordroot beardtongue
Mountain Beardtongue

value: variable

authors: Greene

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-mucronatus

scientific: Penstemon mucronatus

epithet: mucronatus

Penstemon pachyphyllus var. mucronatus

authorship: (N.H.Holmgren) Neese

codes: COL UTA WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 85 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Sheep Creek Beardtongue
mucronate penstemon


slug: penstemon-multiflorus

scientific: Penstemon multiflorus

authorship: (Benth.) Chapm. ex Small

epithet: multiflorus

preferred: Mayflower beardtongue

english:
Mayflower beardtongue
manyflower beardtongue

Penstemon pubescens var. multiflorus

authorship: Benth.

codes: ALA FLA GEO

Alabama

code: ALA

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 864 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
manyflower beardtongue
Mayflower beardtongue

partners:
Battus philenor
Stelis louisae

partners:
Metcalfa pruinosa
Xylocopa virginica

authors: (Benth.) Chapm. ex Small


slug: penstemon-murrayanus

scientific: Penstemon murrayanus

authorship: Hook.

epithet: murrayanus

preferred: scarlet beardtongue

codes: ARK LOU OKL TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

Louisiana

code: LOU

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 168 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Hook.


slug: penstemon-neomexicanus

scientific: Penstemon neomexicanus

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

epithet: neomexicanus

preferred: New Mexico beardtongue

codes: MXE NWM

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 289 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Wooton & Standl.

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 172


slug: penstemon-newberryi

scientific: Penstemon newberryi

epithet: newberryi

published_in: Pacif. Railr. Rep. Williamson & Abbot, Bot. 6(3; 2): 82 (1858)

preferred: Mountain Pride

english:
Mountain Pride
mountain pride

Penstemon menziesii f. newberryi

authorship: (A.Gray) Voss

Penstemon menziesii var. robinsonii

authorship: Mast.

Penstemon newberryi f. humilior

authorship: Sealy

Penstemon newberryi subsp. berryi

authorship: (Eastw.) D.D.Keck

Penstemon newberryi subsp. sonomensis

authorship: (Greene) D.D.Keck

codes: CAL NEV ORE

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2021 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
mountain pride
Newberry's beardtongue

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Bombus vancouverensis
Bombus mixtus
Bombus sylvicola

value: Stoloniferous


slug: penstemon-nitidus

scientific: Penstemon nitidus

authorship: Douglas ex Benth.

epithet: nitidus

preferred: Wax-leaved Penstemon

english:
Wax-leaved Penstemon
waxleaf penstemon

Penstemon nitidus subsp. polyphyllus

authorship: Pennell

codes: ABT BRC IDA MAN MNT NDA SAS SDA WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Idaho

code: IDA

Manitoba

code: MAN

North Dakota

code: NDA

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2001 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Wax-leaved Penstemon
waxleaf penstemon

partners:
Bombus appositus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus huntii
Bombus vancouverensis
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus

authors: Douglas ex Benth.


slug: penstemon-oklahomensis

scientific: Penstemon oklahomensis

epithet: oklahomensis

published_in: Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 237 (1935)

preferred: Oklahoma beardtongue

codes: OKL TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 126 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-oliganthus

scientific: Penstemon oliganthus

epithet: oliganthus

preferred: Apache beardtongue

codes: ARI NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 172


slug: penstemon-ophianthus

scientific: Penstemon ophianthus

epithet: ophianthus

preferred: coiled anther penstemon

Colorado

code: COL

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
coiled anther penstemon
Arizona beardtongue

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 343


slug: penstemon-osterhoutii

scientific: Penstemon osterhoutii

epithet: osterhoutii

preferred: Osterhout's beardtongue

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 358


slug: penstemon-ovatus

scientific: Penstemon ovatus

authorship: Douglas

epithet: ovatus

preferred: eggleaf beardtongue

Penstemon leptophyllus

authorship: Rydb.

codes: BRC ORE WAS

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 130 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
eggleaf beardtongue
Broadleaf Beardtongue

names: Пенстемон овальный

authors: Douglas

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-pachyphyllus

scientific: Penstemon pachyphyllus

authorship: A.Gray ex Rydb.

epithet: pachyphyllus

preferred: thickleaf beardtongue

Penstemon congestus

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Pennell

Penstemon pachyphyllus subsp. congestus

authorship: (M.E.Jones) D.D.Keck

codes: ARI NEV UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 219 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
thickleaf beardtongue
thick-leaf penstemon

value: forb/herb

quote: Penstemon or beardtongue species are perennial forbs or sub-shrubs to shrubs with attractive flowers.

quote: 3 to 6.5 dm tall

quote: Thickleaf penstemon is a short-lived perennial herb

quote: The flowers are blue to violet, sometimes purple or lavender, with a densely bearded staminode.

value: flowers appear in May through July

quote: Growth of penstemons begins in early spring and flowers appear in May through July depending on species.

authors: A.Gray ex Rydb.

published_in: Fl. Rocky Mts. 770


slug: penstemon-pallidus

scientific: Penstemon pallidus

authorship: Small

epithet: pallidus

preferred: pale beardtongue

Penstemon brevisepalus f. heterolasius

authorship: Fernald

codes: ALA ARK CNT WDC GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI PEN RHO TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 807 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anthophora abrupta
Bombus auricomus
Bombus bimaculatus
Epargyreus clarus
Apoidea
Bombus fervidus
Lepidoptera
Vespidae


slug: penstemon-palmeri

scientific: Penstemon palmeri

epithet: palmeri

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 379 (1868)

preferred: Palmer penstemon

english:
Palmer penstemon
Palmer's penstemon
Scented Beardtongue

Penstemon macranthus

authorship: Eastw.

codes: ARI CAL NEV NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2033 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Palmer penstemon
Palmer's penstemon

names: Пенстемон Палмера

partners:
Apoidea
Bombus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus vosnesenskii
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum laevissimum
Lepidoptera

partners:
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus centralis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus huntii
Bombus morrisoni

partners:
Bombus crotchii
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Calypte costae
Dianthidium
Megascapheus bottae
Papilio rutulus
Phidippus johnsoni

value: herb

value: Single Crown

value: deciduous


slug: penstemon-papillatus

scientific: Penstemon papillatus

epithet: papillatus

preferred: Inyo beardtongue

names:
Inyo beardtongue
Inyo penstemon

published_in: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 119

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: penstemon-parryi

scientific: Penstemon parryi

epithet: parryi

preferred: Parry's beardtongue

codes: ARI MXE

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1436 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Parry's beardtongue
Parry's Penstemon

partners:
Calypte costae
Apis mellifera
Battus philenor
Cynanthus latirostris
Diadasia
Hyles lineata
Xylocopa californica arizonensis

partners:
Anthophora californica
Anthophora centriformis
Anthophora curta
Anthophora vallorum
Anthophora vannigera
Ashmeadiella bucconis
Halictus ligatus
Hoplitis producta interior

partners:
Anthophora
Calypte costae


slug: penstemon-parvulus

scientific: Penstemon parvulus

authorship: (A.Gray) Krautter

epithet: parvulus

published_in: Contr. Bot. Lab. Morris Arbor. Univ. Pennsylvania 3: 193 (1908)

Penstemon azureus subsp. parvulus

authorship: (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

Penstemon jaffrayanus var. parvulus

authorship: (A.Gray) Jeps.

codes: CAL ORE

Oregon

code: ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Short Stalk Penstemon
Short-stalk Beardtongue

authors: Krautter

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-patens

scientific: Penstemon patens

authorship: (M.E.Jones) N.H.Holmgren

epithet: patens

preferred: Lone Pine beardtongue

codes: CAL NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 232 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Jones) N.H.Holmgren

published_in: Brittonia 31: 106


slug: penstemon-payettensis

scientific: Penstemon payettensis

authorship: A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.

epithet: payettensis

preferred: Payette beardtongue

codes: IDA MNT ORE

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

names:
Payette beardtongue
Payette penstemon

partners: Apoidea Lepidoptera Trochilidae

partners:
Apoidea
Bombus fervidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus nevadensis
Lepidoptera
Trochilidae

authors: A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.


slug: penstemon-peckii

scientific: Penstemon peckii

epithet: peckii

published_in: Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 12 (1941)

preferred: Peck's beardtongue

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Peck's beardtongue
Peck's Penstemon


slug: penstemon-pennellianus

scientific: Penstemon pennellianus

epithet: pennellianus

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 23: 614 (1940)

preferred: Blue Mountain beardtongue

codes: ORE WAS

Washington

code: WAS

published_in: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 23: 614

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-perfoliatus

scientific: Penstemon perfoliatus

epithet: perfoliatus

published_in: Hort. Universel 5: 256 (1844)

Penstemon connatus

authorship: Deppe ex Walp.

Penstemon cordatus

authorship: M.Martens & Galeotti

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

published_in: Hort. Universel 5: 256

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-personatus

scientific: Penstemon personatus

epithet: personatus

preferred: closethroat beardtongue

names:
closethroat beardtongue
closed-lip beardtongue

published_in: Madroño 3: 248


slug: penstemon-petiolatus

scientific: Penstemon petiolatus

authorship: Brandegee

epithet: petiolatus

preferred: petiolate beardtongue

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 180 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

authors: Brandegee

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-pinifolius

scientific: Penstemon pinifolius

authorship: Greene

epithet: pinifolius

preferred: pineneedle beardtongue

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 68 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: non-woody

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-platyphyllus

scientific: Penstemon platyphyllus

epithet: platyphyllus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 690 (1909)

preferred: broadleaf beardtongue

Penstemon latifolius

authorship: (S.Watson) Krautter

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 215 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
broadleaf beardtongue
broadleaf penstemon

value: perennial

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 690

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: penstemon-pratensis

scientific: Penstemon pratensis

epithet: pratensis

published_in: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 165 (1906)

preferred: western whiteflower beardtongue

codes: IDA NEV ORE

names:
western whiteflower beardtongue
western whiteflower penstemon

value: subshrub

published_in: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 165

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: penstemon-procerus

scientific: Penstemon procerus

authorship: Douglas ex Graham

epithet: procerus

published_in: Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1829(July-Oct.): 348 (1829)

preferred: Slender Penstemon

english:
Slender Penstemon
littleflower penstemon

Lepteiris parviflora

authorship: Raf.

Penstemon brachyanthus

authorship: Pennell

Penstemon confertus var. modestus

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

Penstemon confertus var. procerus

authorship: (Douglas ex Graham) Coville

Penstemon micranthus

authorship: Nutt.

Penstemon pononii

authorship: Anon.

Penstemon procerus subsp. brachyanthus

authorship: (Pennell) D.D.Keck

Penstemon procerus subsp. formosus

authorship: (D.D.Keck) D.D.Keck

Penstemon procerus subsp. modestus

authorship: (Greene) D.D.Keck

Penstemon procerus subsp. tolmiei

authorship: (Hook.) D.D.Keck

Penstemon procerus var. fimbriatus

authorship: Regel

Penstemon procerus var. micrantus

authorship: (Nutt.) M.E.Jones

Penstemon tolmiei

authorship: Hook.

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MAN MNT NEV NDA ORE SAS UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alaska

code: ASK

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

Colorado

code: COL

Manitoba

code: MAN

North Dakota

code: NDA

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
littleflower penstemon
Slender Penstemon

names: 高秆钓钟柳 高枝釣鐘柳

names: Пенстемон высокий

names:
penstémon élancé
pentstémon élancé

partners:
Osmia
Apoidea
Bombus balteatus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus frigidus
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus

partners:
Osmia
Bombus bifarius
Bombus centralis
Bombus rufocinctus
Carterocephalus skada
Hoplitis hypocrita
Mastor vialis
Agriades glandon

partners:
Bombus flavidus
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus insularis
Papilio canadensis

partners:
Bombus californicus
Bombus nevadensis
Podalonia

published_in: Edinburgh New Philos. J. (July-Oct. 1829) 348

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.