slug: odontosoria-aculeata

scientific: Odontosoria aculeata

genus: Odontosoria

epithet: aculeata

family: Lindsaeaceae

published_in: Cult. Ferns 67 (1857)

preferred: thicket creepingfern

Adiantum aculeatum

authorship: L.

Lindsaea aculcata

authorship: (L.) Mett.

Lindsaea aculeata

authorship: Christ

Lindsayopsis aculeata

authorship: (L.) Kuhn

Stenoloma aculeatum

authorship: (L.) Fée

Stenoloma dumosum

authorship: (Sw.) Fée

Trichomanes aculeatum

authorship: (L.) Poir.

codes: CUB DOM HAI LEE PUE

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 190 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

published_in: Cult. Ferns 67

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: odontosoria-alutacea

scientific: Odontosoria alutacea

authorship: (Mett.) Perrie & L.D.Sheph.

epithet: alutacea

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Lindsaea alutacea

authorship: Mett.

Lourdesia alutacea

authorship: (Mett.) Barcelona & Hickey comb. ined.

Schizoloma alutaceum

authorship: (Mett.) Kuhn

Sphenomeris alutacea

authorship: (Mett.) Copel.

Stenoloma alutaceum

authorship: (Mett.) C.Chr.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

New Caledonia

code: NWC

continent: PACIFIC

region: Southwestern Pacific

climate: wet tropical

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

authors: (Mett.) Perrie & L.D.Sheph.

published_in: New Zealand J. Bot. 52(3): 313

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: odontosoria-biflora

scientific: Odontosoria biflora

authorship: (Kaulf.) C.Chr.

epithet: biflora

published_in: Index Filic. 207 (1905)

Davallia biflora

authorship: Kaulf.

Davallia tenuifolia var. lata

authorship: Hook. ex T.Moore

Humata asplenioides

authorship: Desv.

Microlepia biflora

authorship: (Kaulf.) Mett.

Odontosoria tsoongii

authorship: Ching

Sphenomeris biflora

authorship: (Kaulf.) Tagawa

Sphenomeris chinensis subsp. biflora

authorship: (Kaulf.) Jôtani & Ohba

Sphenomeris chinensis var. littoralis

authorship: (Tagawa) Ohwi

Sphenomeris chusana var. littoralis

authorship: (Tagawa) Ito ex Mizushima

Stenoloma biflorum

authorship: (Kaulf.) Ching

Stenoloma chusana var. littorale

authorship: (Tagawa) H.Itô

Stenoloma chusanum var. littorale

authorship: (Tagawa) Itô

Stenoloma littorale

authorship: Tagawa

codes: CHS JAP KZN KOR NNS OGA TAI PHI SCS MRN

China Southeast

code: CHS

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kazan-retto

code: KZN

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Ogasawara-shoto

code: OGA

Taiwan

code: TAI

Philippines

code: PHI

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Malesia

South China Sea

code: SCS

region: Indo-China

Marianas

code: MRN

region: Northwestern Pacific

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

climate: temperate

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 140 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

names: 阔片乌蕨 闊片烏蕨

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

authors: (Kaulf.) C.Chr.

published_in: Index Filic. 207

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: odontosoria-chinensis

scientific: Odontosoria chinensis

epithet: chinensis

published_in: Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 10: 430 (1857)

preferred: Chinese creepingfern

source: wikidata

Adiantum chinense

authorship: (L.) Burm.f.

Adiantum chusanum

authorship: L.

Adiantum tenuifolium

authorship: Lam.

Bierhorstia chinensis

authorship: (L.) Barcelona & Hickey

Davallia chinensis

authorship: (L.) C.B.Clarke

Davallia chusana

authorship: (L.) Willd.

Davallia cuneiformis

authorship: (G.Forst.) Sw.

Davallia didyma

authorship: Hedw.

Davallia ferruginea

authorship: Cav.

Davallia microcarpa

authorship: Sm.

Davallia polysperma

authorship: Steud.

Davallia tenuifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Sw.

Davallia tenuifolia unranked veitchiana

authorship: Pynaert

Davallia tenuifolia var. chinensis

authorship: (L.) T.Moore

Davallia venusta

authorship: Schkuhr

Hymenophyllum ramosissimum

authorship: Ham.; Don

Lindsaea chinensis

authorship: (L.) Mett.

authorship: (L.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Lindsaea tenuifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Mett.

Microlepia chinensis

authorship: Mett.

Odontosoria chinensis f. kenzoana

authorship: (H.Ito) Nakaike

Odontosoria chinensis var. rheophila

authorship: (K.U.Kramer) Parris

Odontosoria chinensis var. tenuifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Matsum.

authorship: (Sw.) Bonap.

Odontosoria chusana

authorship: (L.) Masam.

Odontosoria chusana var. tenuifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Masam.

Odontosoria palmii

authorship: Rosendahl

Odontosoria tenuifolia

authorship: (Lam.) J.Sm.

Sphenomeris chinensis

authorship: (L.) Maxon

Sphenomeris chinensis var. tenuifolia

authorship: (Lam.) C.Chr.

authorship: (Lam.) N.C.Nair

Sphenomeris chusana

authorship: (L.) Copel.

Stenoloma chinense

authorship: (L.) Bedd.

Stenoloma chusanum

authorship: (L.) Ching

Stenoloma tenuifolium

authorship: (Lam.) Fée

Trichomanes malayanum

authorship: Roxb.

Trichomanes polysperma

authorship: Poir.

codes: COM MAU REU CHC CHS CHH JAP KZN KOR NNS OGA TAI CHT ASS BAN BOR EHM IND LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM CRL COO FIJ HAW MRQ NWC SAM SCZ SCI TON TUB VAN WAL

Comoros

code: COM

continent: AFRICA

region: Western Indian Ocean

Mauritius

code: MAU

Réunion

code: REU

China South-Central

code: CHC

Hainan

code: CHH

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1963 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
Chinese creepingfern
Common Wedgelet Fern

names: Одонтосория китайская

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: odontosoria-deltoidea

scientific: Odontosoria deltoidea

authorship: (C.Chr.) Lehtonen & Tuomisto

epithet: deltoidea

Lindsaea elongata

authorship: Labill.

Odontosoria elongata

authorship: (Labill.) Diels

Schizoloma elongatum

authorship: (Labill.) Kuhn

Sphenomeris deltoidea

authorship: (C.Chr.) Copel.

Stenoloma deltoideum

authorship: (C.Chr.) C.Chr.

codes: BIS SOL NWC VAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

New Caledonia

code: NWC

Vanuatu

code: VAN

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 40 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

source: GIFT

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: (C.Chr.) Lehtonen & Tuomisto


slug: odontosoria-gracilis

scientific: Odontosoria gracilis

authorship: (Tagawa) Ralf Knapp

epithet: gracilis

published_in: Ferns Fern Allies Taiwan 468 (2011)

Odontosoria gracilis

authorship: (Tagawa) Nakaike

Sphenomeris gracilis

authorship: (Tagawa) Sa.Kurata

Stenoloma gracile

authorship: Tagawa

codes: JAP NNS TAI

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

climate: subtropical

authors: (Tagawa) Ralf Knapp

published_in: Ferns Fern Allies Taiwan 468


slug: odontosoria-guatemalensis

scientific: Odontosoria guatemalensis

authorship: Christ

epithet: guatemalensis

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève ser. 2, 1: 229 (1909)

codes: MXT MXS GUA HON

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Honduras

code: HON

authors: Christ

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève ser. 2, 1: 229


slug: odontosoria-melleri

scientific: Odontosoria melleri

authorship: (Hook.) C.Chr.

epithet: melleri

published_in: Index Filic. 212 (1905)

Davallia ferruginea

authorship: Desv.

Davallia melleri

authorship: Hook.

Lindsaea ferruginea

authorship: Kuhn

Odontosoria ferruginea

authorship: (Kuhn) Diels

Schizoloma ferrugineum

authorship: (Kuhn) Kuhn

codes: COM MDG

Comoros

code: COM

Madagascar

code: MDG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Hook.) C.Chr.

published_in: Index Filic. 212


slug: odontosoria-schlechtendalii

scientific: Odontosoria schlechtendalii

authorship: (C.Presl) C.Chr.

epithet: schlechtendalii

published_in: Index Filic. 209 (1905)

Davallia divaricata

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

Lindsaea divaricata

authorship: (Schltdl. & Cham.) Mett. ex Kuhn

Lindsaea schlechtendalii

authorship: (C.Presl) Christ

Lindsayopsis divaricata

authorship: (J.Sm.) Kuhn

Microlepia schlechtendalii

authorship: (C.Presl) Mett.

Odontoloma schlechtendalii

authorship: (C.Presl) E.Fourn.

Odontosoria divaricata var. brevisecta

authorship: Hieron.

Stenoloma schlechtendalii

authorship: (C.Presl) Fée

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS BLZ GUA HON

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Belize

code: BLZ

lifeform: epiphyte

climate: seasonally dry tropical

authors: (Pr.) C.Chr.

published_in: Index Filic. 209


slug: odontostephana-baldwyniana

scientific: Odontostephana baldwyniana

authorship: (Sweet) Alexander

genus: Odontostephana

epithet: baldwyniana

family: Apocynaceae

preferred: Baldwin's milkvine

source: usda

Gonolobus baldwynianus

authorship: Sweet

Gonolobus carolinensis

authorship: Nutt.

Matelea baldwyniana

authorship: (Sweet) Woodson

Vincetoxicum baldwinianum

authorship: (Sweet) Britton

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO MSI MSO OKL

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Oklahoma

code: OKL

lifeform: climbing shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 220 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: USDA PLANTS

value: vine

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

authors: (Sweet) Alexander

published_in: Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 1077

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MABA3

license: public domain


slug: odontostephana-carolinensis

scientific: Odontostephana carolinensis

authorship: (Jacq.) Alexander

epithet: carolinensis

preferred: maroon Carolina milkvine

Asclepias acanthocarpus

authorship: J.F.Gmel. ex Decne.

Cynanchum carolinense

authorship: Jacq.

Cynanchum hirsutum

authorship: (Michx.) Pers.

Cynanchum hirtum

authorship: L.

Cynanchum macrophyllum

authorship: Pers.

Echites truncatus

authorship: (Jacq.) Lam.

Gonolobus carolinensis

authorship: (Jacq.) Schult.

Gonolobus hirsutus

authorship: Michx.

Gonolobus hirtus

authorship: (L.) Schult.

Matelea carolinensis

authorship: (Jacq.) Woodson

Vincetoxicum acanthocarpos

authorship: Walter

Vincetoxicum carolinense

authorship: (Jacq.) Britton

Vincetoxicum hirsutum

authorship: (Michx.) Britton

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ALA DEL WDC GEO KTY LOU MRY MSI NCA SCA TEN VRG

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

lifeform: climber

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 731 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Conioscinella melancholica
Conioscinella nuda
Neophyllomyza quadricornis

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: Alexander in Small

note: common name, checklist symbol MACA9


slug: odontostephana-decipiens

scientific: Odontostephana decipiens

authorship: Alexander

epithet: decipiens

preferred: oldfield milkvine

Gonolobus decipiens

authorship: (Alexander) L.M.Perry

Matelea decipiens

authorship: (Alexander) Woodson

codes: ARK KAN LOU MRY MSO OKL TEX

Kansas

code: KAN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: climbing perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 289 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Alexander

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MADE3


slug: odontostephana-floridana

scientific: Odontostephana floridana

authorship: (Vail) Alexander

epithet: floridana

preferred: Florida milkvine

Matelea floridana

authorship: (Vail) Woodson

Vincetoxicum floridanum

authorship: Vail

codes: FLA GEO

lifeform: climbing shrub or liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 187 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Vail) Alexander

published_in: Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 1078

note: common name, checklist symbol MAFL5


slug: odontostephana-hirtelliflora

scientific: Odontostephana hirtelliflora

authorship: (McDonnell & Fishbein) Morillo

epithet: hirtelliflora

Matelea hirtelliflora

authorship: McDonnell & Fishbein

codes: ARK TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 137 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (McDonnell & Fishbein) Morillo

published_in: Mem. Fund. La Salle Ci. Nat. 81(190): 82


slug: odontostephana-obliqua

scientific: Odontostephana obliqua

authorship: (Jacq.) Alexander

epithet: obliqua

preferred: climbing milkvine

Cynanchum discolor

authorship: Sims

Cynanchum obliquum

authorship: Jacq.

Cynanchum virginicum

authorship: Banks ex Schult.

Gonolobus discolor

authorship: (Sims) Schult.

Gonolobus hirsutus

authorship: Pursh

Gonolobus macrophyllus

authorship: Elliott

authorship: Decne.

Gonolobus shortii

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

Matelea shortii

authorship: (A.Gray) Woodson

Odontostephana shortii

authorship: (A.Gray) Alexander

Vincetoxicum shortii

authorship: (A.Gray) Britton

codes: ALA WDC GEO ILL INI KTY MRY MSI NCA OHI PEN TEN VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 441 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol MAOB2


slug: odontostephana-reticulata

scientific: Odontostephana reticulata

authorship: (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Morillo, Liede & Meve

epithet: reticulata

preferred: Pearl Milkweed

english:
Pearl Milkweed
netted milkvine

source: inat

Gonolobus grasulatus

authorship: Torr.

Gonolobus reticulatus

authorship: Engelm. ex A.Gray

Matelea reticulata

authorship: (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Woodson

Vincetoxicum reticulatum

authorship: (Engelm. ex A.Gray) A.Heller

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS TEX

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2038 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: odontostomum-hartwegii

scientific: Odontostomum hartwegii

genus: Odontostomum

epithet: hartwegii

family: Tecophilaeaceae

published_in: Pacif. Railr. Rep. Whipple, Bot.  4(5; 4): 150 (1857)

preferred: Hartweg's doll's-lily

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 489 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

label: Life form

value: geophyte

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Torr.

published_in: Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5, 4): 150


slug: oecopetalum-greenmanii

scientific: Oecopetalum greenmanii

authorship: Standl. & Steyerm.

genus: Oecopetalum

epithet: greenmanii

family: Metteniusaceae

published_in: Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.  22: 154 (1940)

codes: MXT COS GUA NIC

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Costa Rica

code: COS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Nicaragua

code: NIC

lifeform: tree

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

value: tree

value: woody

authors: Standl. & Steyerm.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oecopetalum-mexicanum

scientific: Oecopetalum mexicanum

authorship: Greenm. & C.H.Thomps.

epithet: mexicanum

published_in: Muhlenbergia  7: 408 (1912)

codes: MXG MXT MXS GUA

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names: Cacaté cachichín

authors: Greenm. & C.H.Thomps.

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1: 408, pl. 25

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-acerosa

scientific: Oedera acerosa

authorship: (DC.) N.G.Bergh

genus: Oedera

epithet: acerosa

family: Asteraceae

Nestlera acerosa

authorship: (DC.) Harv.

Polychaetia acerosa

authorship: DC.

Relhania acerosa

authorship: (DC.) K.Bremer

codes: CPP OFS NAT LES

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Lesotho

code: LES

names: perdeboegoe perdebogoe

value: shrub

label: Height

category: Size

authors: (DC.) N.G.Bergh


slug: oedera-calycina

scientific: Oedera calycina

authorship: (L.f.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: calycina

Relhania calycina

authorship: (L.f.) L'Hér.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 133 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 1 m

authors: (L.f.) N.G.Bergh

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-capensis

scientific: Oedera capensis

authorship: (L.) Druce

epithet: capensis

published_in: Bot. Exch. Club Brit. Isles Rep. 3(5): 422. 1914 [Feb 1914]

Buphthalmum capense

authorship: L.

Eroeda capensis

authorship: (L.) Levyns

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 258 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Cape Perdekaroo
Cape Spikeweed

authors: Druce

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-corymbosa

scientific: Oedera corymbosa

authorship: (Bolus) N.G.Bergh

epithet: corymbosa

Nestlera corymbosa

authorship: Bolus

Relhania corymbosa

authorship: (Bolus) K.Bremer

value: subshrub

authors: (Bolus) N.G.Bergh


slug: oedera-decussata

scientific: Oedera decussata

authorship: (L'Hér.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: decussata

Eclopes decussata

authorship: (L'Hér.) DC.

Relhania decussata

authorship: L'Hér.

codes: CPP LES

authors: (L'Hér.) N.G.Bergh

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-fruticosa

scientific: Oedera fruticosa

authorship: (L.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: fruticosa

Eclopes paleacea

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Relhania ericoides

authorship: Cass.

Relhania fruticosa

authorship: (L.) K.Bremer

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 127 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

authors: (L.) N.G.Bergh

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-garnotii

scientific: Oedera garnotii

authorship: (Less.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: garnotii

Nestlera garnotii

authorship: (Less.) Harv.

Nestlera tenuifolia

authorship: DC.

Polychaetia garnotii

authorship: Less.

Relhania garnotii

authorship: (Less.) K.Bremer

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 56 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Less.) N.G.Bergh

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-genistifolia

scientific: Oedera genistifolia

authorship: (L.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

epithet: genistifolia

Athanasia genistifolia

authorship: L.

Athanasia glutinosa

authorship: E.Mey. ex DC.

Relhania genistifolia

authorship: (L.) L'Hér.

Relhania genistifolia var. angustifolia

authorship: Harv.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 236 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Lesser Perdekaroo
Sticky Shrublet

names: ghombossie kleinperdekaroo

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

authors: (L.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78(4): 1071


slug: oedera-glandulosa

scientific: Oedera glandulosa

authorship: (Thunb.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: glandulosa

authors: (Thunb.) N.G.Bergh


slug: oedera-humilis

scientific: Oedera humilis

epithet: humilis

codes: BOT CPP OFS NAM

Botswana

code: BOT

Namibia

code: NAM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 80 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Bekkerbos Bekkerbossie

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-imbricata

scientific: Oedera imbricata

authorship: Lam.

epithet: imbricata

Eroeda imbricata

authorship: (Lam.) Levyns

Eroeda intermedia

authorship: (DC.) Levyns

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 384 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lam.

published_in: Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 2(1): 345


slug: oedera-multipunctata

scientific: Oedera multipunctata

authorship: (DC.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

epithet: multipunctata

authors: (DC.) Anderb. & K.Bremer


slug: oedera-oppositifolia

scientific: Oedera oppositifolia

authorship: (DC.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: oppositifolia

codes: CPP OFS

names: Bekkersbos Blouperdekaroo


slug: oedera-pungens

scientific: Oedera pungens

authorship: (L'Hér.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: pungens

Eclopes acicularis

authorship: Cass.

Eclopes pungens

authorship: (L'Hér.) Cass.

Relhania pungens

authorship: L'Hér.

codes: CPP NAT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 198 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: oedera-rotundifolia

scientific: Oedera rotundifolia

authorship: (Less.) N.G.Bergh

epithet: rotundifolia

Gorteria ovata

authorship: Vahl ex Less.

Relhania rotundifolia

authorship: Less.


slug: oedera-sedifolia

scientific: Oedera sedifolia

epithet: sedifolia

Eclopes sedifolia

authorship: DC.

Relhania sedifolia

authorship: (DC.) Harv.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bitter Perdekaroo
Simple Perdekaroo

names: Bittergombos bitterghombos


slug: oedera-speciosa

scientific: Oedera speciosa

epithet: speciosa

Eclopes buxifolia

authorship: Gaertn.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-spinescens

scientific: Oedera spinescens

epithet: spinescens


slug: oedera-squarrosa

scientific: Oedera squarrosa

authorship: (L.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

epithet: squarrosa

Relhania latifolia

authorship: Compton

Relhania squarrosa

authorship: (L.) L'Hér.

Relhania squarrosa var. brevifolia

authorship: Harv.

Santolina squarrosa

authorship: L.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 442 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: krulblaarkoorsbos vierkantperdekaroo


slug: oedera-steyniae

scientific: Oedera steyniae

authorship: (L.Bolus) Anderb. & K.Bremer

epithet: steyniae

authors: (L.Bolus) Anderb. & K.Bremer


slug: oedera-uniflora

scientific: Oedera uniflora

authorship: (L.f.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

epithet: uniflora

Relhania cuneata var. virgata

authorship: (L'Hér.) S.Moore

Relhania uniflora

authorship: (L.f.) Druce

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 159 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (L.f.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oedera-viscosa

scientific: Oedera viscosa

authorship: (L'Hér.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

epithet: viscosa

Relhania affinis

authorship: Sond. ex Harv.

authors: (L'Hér.) Anderb. & K.Bremer

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: oemleria-cerasiformis

scientific: Oemleria cerasiformis

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) J.W.Landon

genus: Oemleria

epithet: cerasiformis

family: Rosaceae

preferred: Osoberry

english:
Osoberry
Indian plum

Exochorda davidiana

authorship: Baill.

Nuttallia cerasiformis

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray ex Hook. & Arn.

Nuttallia davidiana

authorship: (Baill.) Baill.

Osmaronia bracteosa

authorship: Greene

Osmaronia cerasiformis

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Greene

codes: BRC CAL ORE WAS

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1949 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Indian plum
June Plum

names:
Arbusto Mofeta
Baya Oso

names: эмлерия вишнеподобная

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus melanopygus
Empis barbatoides
Eusphalerum
Halictus rubicundus
Platycheirus trichopus
Polygonia satyrus
Thallophaga hyperborea

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Andrena prunorum
Apis mellifera
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus
Bombus vancouverensis vancouverensis
Bombus vosnesenskii
Brachypalpus alopex

partners:
Andrena cerasifolii
Aseptis adnixa
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus vancouverensis vancouverensis
Bombus vosnesenskii

label: Growth form

value: Multiple Stem

label: Growth rate

value: rapid

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Foliage colour

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: oenanthe-aquatica

scientific: Oenanthe aquatica

authorship: (L.) Poir.

genus: Oenanthe

epithet: aquatica

family: Apiaceae

preferred: Fine-leaved Water-dropwort

english:
Fine-leaved Water-dropwort
fine leafed water dropwort
fine-leaved water-dropwort
fineleaf waterdropwort

Ligusticum phellandrium

authorship: Crantz

Oenanthe gigantea

authorship: Zumagl.

Oenanthe phellandrium

authorship: Lam.

Oenanthe phellandrium var. microcarpum

authorship: Beck

Phellandrium aquaticum var. microcarpum

authorship: (Beck) Bertová

Phellandrium divaricatum

authorship: Gray

codes: ALT IRN KAZ KRA MON NCS TCS TUR WSB ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SWE SWI TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Corse

code: COR

region: Southwestern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1989 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Myristicin

activities: Amphetaminagenic Anesthetic Antiaggregant Antidepressant Antiinflammatory Antioxidant Antispasmodic Antistress

Apiole

activities: Abortifacient Antidysmenorrheic Antimalarial Antineuralgic Antipyretic Antireproductive Antispasmodic CNS-Stimulant

Myricetin

activities: Allelochemic AntiHIV Antiallergenic Antibacterial Antifeedant Antigastric Antigingivitic Antigonadotrophic

Rhamnetin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Antiaflatoxin Antibacterial Anticancer Antimutagenic Antioxidant Antiradicular

Pinene

activities: Allergenic Antibacterial Antiseptic Antispasmodic Convulsant Enterocontractant Expectorant Fungicide

Camphene

activities: Allelopathic Antilithic? Antioxidant Expectorant FLavor Hypocholesterolemic? Insectifuge Pesticide

Sabinene

activities: Antibacterial Antihelicobacter Antiseptic Antiulcer Perfumery

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
felandrio acuático
Milenrama de arroyos deshecha

names: Омежник водный

names:
Fellandrio
Finocchio acquatico cicutario

names: Омег водяний

partners:
Ancistrocerus gazella
Andrena proxima
Aphantopus hyperantus
Eristalis horticola
Hylaeus annulatus
Hylaeus cardioscapus
Hylaeus incongruus
Hylaeus pectoralis

partners:
Aphantopus hyperantus
Eristalis horticola
Xylota segnis
Ancistrocerus gazella
Andrena proxima
Cheilosia morio
Hylaeus annulatus
Hylaeus cardioscapus

partners:
Cavariella aegopodii
Depressaria apiella
Depressaria ultimella
Hypera arundinis
Lasioptera carophila
Lixus paraplecticus
Phytomyza carotae
Phytomyza chaerophylli

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: oenanthe-crocata

scientific: Oenanthe crocata

authorship: L.

epithet: crocata

preferred: Hemlock Water-dropwort

Cnidium striatum

authorship: Turcz. ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Oenanthe apiifolia

authorship: Brot.

Oenanthe crocata f. macrosciadia

authorship: (Willk.) Lange

Oenanthe crocata subsp. apiifolia

authorship: (Brot.) Arcang.

Oenanthe crocata var. apiifolia

authorship: (Brot.) Pérez Lara

Oenanthe crocata var. broteri

authorship: Merino

Oenanthe crocata var. longissima

authorship: Reduron

Oenanthe crocata var. oligactis

authorship: Lange

Oenanthe divaricata

authorship: (R.Br.) Mabb.

Oenanthe gallaecica

authorship: Pau & Merino ex Merino

Oenanthe macrosciadia

authorship: Willk.

Oenanthe oligactis

authorship: Pau

Oenanthe pteridifolia

authorship: Lowe

Phellandrium plinii

authorship: Bubani

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

codes: MDR MOR BGM COR FRA GRB IRE ITA POR SAR SIC SPA

Madeira

code: MDR

region: Macaronesia

Morocco

code: MOR

region: Northern Africa

Ireland

code: IRE

Italy

code: ITA

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: perennial or helophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1938 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Mannitol

activities: Allergenic Analgesic Anthelmintic AntiReye's Antiglaucomic Antiinflammatory Antimutagenic Antinephritic

names:
Hemlock Water-dropwort
Hemlock Water Dropwort

names: Омежник шафранный

names: Safranwasserfenchel Safranrebendolde

names:
oenanthe safrané
Oenanthe safranée

names: giftstäkra kronstäkra

names:
cegiden y dŵr
Brelwg

partners:
Andrena nitida
Apis mellifera
Andrena cineraria
Eristalis arbustorum
Eristalis pertinax
Andrena chrysosceles
Andrena haemorrhoa
Andrena nigroaenea

partners:
Stevenia
Agapanthia annularis
Cydia gilviciliana
Hypera conmaculata
Pseudovadonia livida

partners:
Andrena haemorrhoa
Anthostomella limitata
Apis mellifera
Asianidia albula
Bibio
Cistella aconiti
Dendryphiella vinosa
Depressaria apiella

partners:
Copidosoma sosares
Limonomyces culmigenus
Plasmopara crustosa
Uromyces lineolatus

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

label: Growth habit


slug: oenanthe-fistulosa

scientific: Oenanthe fistulosa

epithet: fistulosa

preferred: Tubular Water-dropwort

english:
Tubular Water-dropwort
tubular water-dropwort

Oenanthe filipendula

authorship: Dumort.

Oenanthe fistulifolia

authorship: Stokes

Oenanthe fistulosa var. minor

authorship: Lej. & Courtois

Oenanthe fistulosa var. tabernaemontana

authorship: (C.C.Gmel.) Lej.

Oenanthe lanceolata

authorship: Poir.

Oenanthe meifolia

authorship: Schloss. & Vuk.

Selinum fistulosum

authorship: (L.) E.H.L.Krause

codes: ALG MOR TUN EAI IRN LBS PAL TCS TUR ALB AUT BLR BGM BUL COR CZE DEN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET POL POR ROM SAR SIC SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

Tunisia

code: TUN

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 218 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tubular water-dropwort
Tubular Water Dropwort

names: Омежник дудчатый

partners:
Ancistrocerus gazella
Andrena alutacea
Andrena ampla
Andrena floricola
Andrena nitidiuscula
Andrena nuptialis
Andrena pallitarsis
Andrena proxima

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus lucorum
Ancistrocerus gazella
Andrena alutacea
Andrena ampla
Andrena floricola
Andrena nitidiuscula
Andrena nuptialis

partners:
Depressaria apiella
Lixus paraplecticus
Pseudovadonia livida

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenanthe-fluviatilis

scientific: Oenanthe fluviatilis

authorship: Colem.

epithet: fluviatilis

preferred: River Water-dropwort

Oenanthe conioides

authorship: Garcke ex Junge

Oenanthe phellandrium var. fluviatilis

authorship: Bab.

Phellandrium conioides

authorship: Nolte ex Nyman

Selinum conioides

authorship: (Nolte ex Lange) E.H.L.Krause

codes: BGM DEN FRA GER GRB IRE

Denmark

code: DEN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Ireland

code: IRE

lifeform: helophyte or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Омежник приречный

names: Fluss-Pferdesaat Fluß-Wasserfenchel

names:
Oenanthe des Rivières
Oenanthe des fleuves

names:
Cegid y Nant
Cegid yr Afon

label: Woodiness

value: hydrophyte

authors: Colem.

published_in: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 13: 188

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification


slug: oenanthe-globulosa

scientific: Oenanthe globulosa

authorship: L.

epithet: globulosa

Globocarpus oenanthoides

authorship: Caruel

Oenanthe calycina

authorship: Salzm. ex Ball

Oenanthe diffusa

authorship: Lag.

Oenanthe globularis

authorship: Link

Oenanthe globulosa subsp. olbiensis

authorship: Rouy & E.G.Camus

Oenanthe globulosa var. elata

authorship: Pérez Lara

Oenanthe globulosa var. kunzei

authorship: (Willk.) Lange

Oenanthe globulosa var. olbiensis

authorship: (Rouy & E.G.Camus) P.Fourn.

codes: ALG MOR TUN BAL COR FRA ITA POR SAR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Baleares

code: BAL

Italy

code: ITA

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Œnanthe globuleuse, Œnanthe à fruit globuleux

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Life cycle

authors: L.

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenanthe-javanica

scientific: Oenanthe javanica

authorship: DC.

epithet: javanica

preferred: Java waterdropwort

english:
Java waterdropwort
Water Dropwort

Cyssopetalum javanicum

authorship: (Blume) Turcz.

Dasyloma corticatum

authorship: Miq.

Dasyloma javanicum

authorship: (Blume) Miq.

Dasyloma latifolium

authorship: Lindl.

Falcaria javanica

authorship: (Blume) DC.

Oenanthe corticata

authorship: Edgew.

Oenanthe decumbens

authorship: Koso-Pol.

Oenanthe decumbens var. laciniata

authorship: (Blume) Koso-Pol.

Oenanthe japonica

authorship: (Miq.) Drude

Oenanthe javanica f. rosea

authorship: Hayashi

Oenanthe javanica subsp. stolonifera

authorship: (DC.) Murata

Oenanthe javanica var. japonica

authorship: (Miq.) Honda

Oenanthe kudoi

authorship: Suzuki & Yamam.

Oenanthe laciniata

authorship: (Blume) Zoll.

Oenanthe pterocaulon

authorship: Liu, C.Y.Chao & Chuang

Oenanthe rosthornii

authorship: Diels

Oenanthe stolonifera

authorship: (Roxb.) DC.

Oenanthe stolonifera var. japonica

authorship: (Miq.) Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav.

Oenanthe stolonifera var. javanica

authorship: (Blume) Kuntze

Oenanthe stolonifera var. laciniata

authorship: (Blume) Kanitz

Oenanthe subbipinnata

authorship: Drude

Phellandrium stoloniferum

authorship: Roxb.

Sium javanicum

authorship: Blume

codes: CHN CHC CHS CTA CHH CHI JAP KOR KUR CHM MON NNS PRM SAK TAI ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MOL MYA NEP NWG PAK PHI SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

Hainan

code: CHH

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

region: Russian Far East

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2013 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Eugenol

activities: Acaricide Allergenic Analgesic Anesthetic AntiTNF Antiaggregant Antiarachidonate Antibacterial

Carvacrol

activities: Allergenic Anesthetic Anthelmintic Antialzheimeran? Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial Anticholinesterase? Antidiuretic

Isorhamnetin

activities: Antibacterial Antihistaminic Antiinflammatory Antioxidant Antispasmodic Cancer-Preventive Hepatoprotective MAO-Inhibitor

Stigmasterol

activities: Antihepatotoxic Antiinflammatory Antinociceptive Antiophidic Antioxidant Antiviral Artemicide Cancer-Preventive

Beta-pinene

activities: Allergenic Antiinflammatory Antiseptic Antispasmodic Candidicide FLavor Herbicide Insectifuge

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

names: Омежник яванский

names: ผักชีล้อม Chi-o

names: Яваны зулзганцагаан

partners:
Anoptius eous
Eutachina
Lasioglossum sibiriacum
Parnara guttatus
Pelopidas mathias
Polistes chinensis antennalis
Psen
Ravinia pernix

partners:
Anoptius eous
Apis cerana
Eutachina
Exorista (Exorista)
Hymenoptera
Lasioglossum sibiriacum
Parnara guttata guttata
Pelopidas mathias oberthueri

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: oenanthe-lachenalii

scientific: Oenanthe lachenalii

epithet: lachenalii

preferred: parsley water-dropwort

Oenanthe approximata

authorship: Mérat

Oenanthe gymnorrhiza

authorship: Brign.

Oenanthe jordanii

authorship: Ten.

Oenanthe lachenalii var. approximata

authorship: (Mérat) DC.

Oenanthe lachenalii var. minima

authorship: Rouy & E.G.Camus

Oenanthe lachenalii var. parvula

authorship: Corb.

Oenanthe marginata

authorship: Vis.

Oenanthe megapolitana

authorship: Willd.

Oenanthe michelfeldensis

authorship: Lachen. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch

Oenanthe peucedanifolia var. lachenalii

authorship: (C.C.Gmel.) Gaudin

Oenanthe peucedanoides

authorship: Wredow

Oenanthe rhenana

authorship: DC.

Phellandrium tabernaemontani

authorship: Bubani

Selinum lachenalii

authorship: (C.C.Gmel.) E.H.L.Krause

codes: ALG BGM BUL COR DEN FRA GER GRB GRC IRE ITA YUG NET POL POR SAR SIC SPA SWI

Algeria

code: ALG

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

Denmark

code: DEN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

Ireland

code: IRE

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 130 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Lachenals Rebendolde
Wiesen-Pferdesaat

names:
oenanthe de lachenal
Œnanthe de Lachenal

names:
Cegid Dail Persli
Cegiden Dail Persli

label: Pollinated by

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: oenanthe-pimpinelloides

scientific: Oenanthe pimpinelloides

authorship: L.

epithet: pimpinelloides

preferred: Corky-fruited Water-dropwort

english:
Corky-fruited Water-dropwort
corky-fruited water-dropwort
corkyfruit waterdropwort

Oenanthe angulosa

authorship: Griseb.

Oenanthe callosa

authorship: Salzm. ex DC.

Oenanthe chaerophylloides

authorship: Pourr.

Oenanthe diversifolia

authorship: Dulac

Oenanthe globosa

authorship: Hill

authorship: Georgi

Oenanthe globulosa

authorship: Pall.

Oenanthe graminifolia

authorship: Gaudin

Oenanthe involucrata

authorship: Cav. ex Schult.

Oenanthe maroccana

authorship: Pau & Font Quer

name: Oenanthe pimpinelloides var. chaerophylloides

authorship: (Pourr.) DC.

Oenanthe pimpinelloides var. major

authorship: Foucaud & E.Mandon

Oenanthe subcallosa

authorship: Maire

codes: MOR EAI LBS NCS PAL TCS TUR ALB BGM BUL COR FRA GRB GRC IRE ITA KRI KRY YUG NET POR ROM SAR SIC SPA TUE

Morocco

code: MOR

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Palestine

code: PAL

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Kriti

code: KRI

Krym

code: KRY

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 726 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: Омежник бедренцевидный

names:
oenanthe faux-boucage
Oenanthe faux boucage

names: יינית כמנונית

partners:
Andrena
Andrena minutula
Eristalis pertinax
Eristalis tenax
Halictus simplex
Hylaeus communis
Hylaeus gibbus
Lasioglossum pauxillum

partners:
Andrena alfkenella
Andrena chrysosceles
Andrena fucata
Andrena nitidiuscula
Andrena semilaevis
Andrena subopaca
Anthrenus festivus
Apis mellifera


slug: oenanthe-sarmentosa

scientific: Oenanthe sarmentosa

authorship: Presl ex DC.

epithet: sarmentosa

preferred: water parsely

Cicuta californica

authorship: (S.Watson) Greene

Helosciadium californicum

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Oenanthe phellandrium

authorship: Nutt.

Oenanthe sarmentosa var. californica

authorship: (S.Watson) J.M.Coult. & Rose

codes: ASK BRC CAL ORE WAS

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Washington

code: WAS

names:
water parsely
American Horsebane

partners:
Anthomyiidae sp.
Eristalis arbustorum
Eristalis brousii
Muscoidea

partners:
Hylaeus
Neophasia menapia
Andrena candida
Callophrys gryneus plicataria
Elkalyce comyntas
Hylaeus basalis
Hylaeus modestus
Mitoura gryneus

partners:
Agonopterix oregonensis
Apis mellifera
Coccinella californica
Depressaria ultimella
Eristalis anthophorina
Hylaeus
Limenitis lorquini
Neophasia menapia

label: Life form

value: evergreen

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Presl ex DC.


slug: oenocarpus-bacaba

scientific: Oenocarpus bacaba

authorship: Mart.

genus: Oenocarpus

epithet: bacaba

family: Arecaceae

Areca bacaba

authorship: Arruda

Oenocarpus bacaba var. grandis

authorship: (Burret) Wess.Boer

Oenocarpus grandis

authorship: Burret

codes: BZN CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guyana

code: GUY

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 48 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: baniba macaba

names: Bacaba Bacaba-verdadeira

names:
Comou
Comou, Camon

names: alata-kaka koemoe

partners:
Plebeia
Acalyptinae Gen. 2 sp. 1
Aleochara
Amazoncharis
Anchylorhynchus
Anchylorhynchus bicarinatus
Anchylorhynchus tricarinatus
Andranthobius

partners:
Aleochara
Amazoncharis
Anchylorhynchus
Anchylorhynchus bicarinatus
Anchylorhynchus tricarinatus
Andranthobius
Bondariella
Bracon sp. 1

partners:
Tapirus terrestris
Alouatta macconnelli
Ateles paniscus
Brycon
Chiropotes chiropotes
Crax alector
Homo sapiens
Myleus rhomboidalis

source: EOL TraitBank / Palm Traits 1.0

value: palm

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: phanerophyte

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: drupe

label: Photosynthetic pathway

published_in: Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. 24. t. 26. ff. 1, 2


slug: oenocarpus-bataua

scientific: Oenocarpus bataua

epithet: bataua

Jessenia bataua

authorship: (Mart.) Burret

Jessenia bataua subsp. oligocarpa

authorship: (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) Balick

Jessenia oligocarpa

authorship: Griseb. & H.Wendl.

Jessenia repanda

authorship: Engel

Oenocarpus bataua var. oligocarpa

authorship: (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) A.J.Hend.

Oenocarpus batawa

authorship: Wallace

Oenocarpus oligocarpa

authorship: (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) Wess.Boer

Oenocarpus seje

authorship: Cuervo Márquez

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: BOL BZN BZC CLM ECU FRG GUY PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Ecuador

code: ECU

Panamá

code: PAN

region: Central America

Peru

code: PER

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

region: Caribbean

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 81 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Chambil Chapil

partners:
Amazona farinosa
Amazona ochrocephala
Ateles belzebuth
Ateles paniscus
Dasyprocta fuliginosa
Eira barbara
Mazama americana
Nasua nasua

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

label: Height


slug: oenocarpus-mapora

scientific: Oenocarpus mapora

epithet: mapora

Oenocarpus mapora subsp. dryanderae

authorship: (Burret) Balick

Oenocarpus multicaulis

authorship: Spruce

codes: BOL BZN CLM COS ECU PAN PER VEN

Costa Rica

code: COS

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

names: Cosa Huicosa

names: Bacabi Bacabinha

partners:
Cebus capucinus
Dasyprocta punctata
Tapirus terrestris
Alouatta palliata
Ateles geoffroyi
Ateles hybridus
Cheracebus torquatus
Cuniculus paca

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: herb


slug: oenothera-acaulis

scientific: Oenothera acaulis

authorship: Cav.

genus: Oenothera

epithet: acaulis

family: Onagraceae

Lavauxia cuspidata

authorship: Spach

Oenothera acaulis var. grandiflora

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze

Oenothera acaulis var. major

authorship: Ser.

Oenothera anisoloba

authorship: Sweet

Oenothera grandiflora

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

Oenothera perampla

authorship: Graham

Oenothera taraxacifolia

authorship: hort. ex Sweet

codes: CLC CLS

Chile Central

code: CLC

region: Southern South America

Chile South

code: CLS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 362 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: أخدرية عديمة الساق

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Blatta orientalis
Lepidoptera

value: non-woody

value: perennial

authors: Cav.

published_in: Icon. [Cavanilles] 4: 68, t. 399

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: oenothera-affinis

scientific: Oenothera affinis

authorship: Cambess.

epithet: affinis

preferred: longflower evening primrose

source: wikidata

Oenothera diplotricha

authorship: Domin

Oenothera polymorpha var. berteroana

authorship: (Spach) H.Lév.

Oenothera sellowii

authorship: Link & Otto ex Steud.

Raimannia berteroana

authorship: (Spach) Sprague & L.Riley

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL CLC CLN PAR URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Chile North

code: CLN

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 282 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
longflower evening primrose
long-flower evening-primrose

label: Eaten by

value: therophyte

value: annual

value: capsule

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: Only 29 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-albicaulis

scientific: Oenothera albicaulis

authorship: Nutt. ex Pursh

epithet: albicaulis

preferred: whitest evening primrose

Anogra albicaulis

authorship: (Nutt. ex Pursh) Britton

Anogra bradburiana

authorship: Rydb.

Anogra confusa

authorship: Rickett

Anogra ctenophylla

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Anogra leptophylla

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Rydb.

Baumannia pinnatifida

authorship: (Nutt.) Spach

Oenothera albicaulis

authorship: Nutt.

name: Oenothera albicaulis subvar. coquimbensis

Oenothera bradburiana

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera ctenophylla

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.

Oenothera leptophylla

authorship: Nutt. ex S.Watson

Oenothera pallida var. leptophylla

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera pinnatifida

authorship: Torr.

codes: ARI COL IDA KAN MXE MXN MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA OKL SDA TEX UTA WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1061 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Acmaeodera bowditchi
Colias philodice
Pontia protodice

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT


slug: oenothera-argillicola

scientific: Oenothera argillicola

authorship: Mack.

epithet: argillicola

preferred: shale barren evening primrose

Oenothera argillicola var. pubescens

authorship: Core & H.A.Davis

Oenothera biennis f. argillicola

authorship: (Mack.) B.Boivin

codes: MRY PEN VRG WVA

Maryland

code: MRY

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 115 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Энотера белоглинная

value: biennial

authors: Mack.

published_in: Torreya 4: 56

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-arida

scientific: Oenothera arida

authorship: W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: arida

preferred: Trans-Pecos beeblossom

source: usda

Gaura macrocarpa

authorship: Rothr.

codes: MXE TEX

value: subshrub

authors: W.L.Wagner & Hoch

published_in: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEAR5

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: oenothera-avita

scientific: Oenothera avita

authorship: (W.M.Klein) W.M.Klein

epithet: avita

preferred: California evening primrose

Anogra californica

authorship: (S.Watson) Small

Oenothera albicaulis f. californica

authorship: (S.Watson) Regel

Oenothera californica subsp. eurekensis

authorship: (Munz & J.C.Roos) W.M.Klein

Oenothera californica var. avita

authorship: (W.M.Klein) S.L.Welsh & N.D.Atwood

Oenothera californica var. glabrata

authorship: Munz

Oenothera deltoides subsp. eurekensis

authorship: Munz & J.C.Roos

Oenothera pallida var. californica

authorship: (S.Watson) Jeps.

codes: ARI CAL MXN NEV UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1173 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Энотера тонкоплодная

partners:
Anthophora urbana
Hyles lineata
Lasioglossum lusorium
Lytta stygica
Occidryas chalcedona
Papilio rutulus

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: (W.M.Klein) W.M.Klein

note: common name, checklist symbol OECA2


slug: oenothera-biennis

scientific: Oenothera biennis

authorship: L.

epithet: biennis

preferred: common evening-primrose

english:
common evening-primrose
Common Evening-primrose
Evening primrose
common evening primrose

source: inat

Brunyera biennis

authorship: (L.) Bubani

Oenothera beckeri

authorship: Renner

Oenothera biennis f. leptomeres

authorship: (Bartlett) P.D.Sell

Oenothera biennis f. muricata

authorship: (L.) H.Lév. ex Thell.

Oenothera biennis f. nanella

authorship: de Vries

Oenothera biennis subf. latifolia

authorship: (Asch.) Thell.

Oenothera biennis subsp. biennis

authorship: Thell.

Oenothera biennis subsp. chicaginensis

authorship: (de Vries ex Renner & Cleland) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Oenothera biennis subsp. grandiflora

authorship: Stomps

Oenothera biennis subsp. rubricaulis

authorship: (Kleb.) Stomps

Oenothera biennis subsp. suaveolens

authorship: (Pers.) Rouy & E.G.Camus

Oenothera biennis var. alba

authorship: Alef.

Oenothera biennis var. grandiflora

authorship: (L'Hér.) Lindl.

Oenothera biennis var. leptomeres

authorship: Bartlett

Oenothera biennis var. muricata

authorship: (L.) Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera biennis var. parviflora

authorship: Abrom.

Oenothera biennis var. pycnocarpa

authorship: Wiegand

Oenothera biennis var. rubricaulis

authorship: (Farw.) Farw.

Oenothera biennis var. sulphurea

authorship: de Vries ex Bartlett

Oenothera brevispicata

authorship: Hudziok

Oenothera cambrica

authorship: Rostański

Oenothera chicaginensis

authorship: de Vries ex Renner & R.E.Cleland

Oenothera chicaginensis var. bartlettii

authorship: Soldano

name: Oenothera chicaginensis var. minutiflora

authorship: Rostański & V.Jehlík

Oenothera chicagoensis

authorship: Renner ex R.E.Cleland & Blakeslee

Oenothera communis f. suaveolens

authorship: (Pers.) H.Lév.

Oenothera communis var. biennis

authorship: (L.) H.Lév.

Oenothera ersteinensis

authorship: R.Linder & R.Jean

Oenothera furca

authorship: Boedijn

Oenothera gaurodes var. brevicapsula

authorship: (Bartlett) R.R.Gates

Oenothera gauroides

authorship: Hornem.

Oenothera glabra

authorship: Mill.

Oenothera graveolens

authorship: Gilib.

name: Oenothera jueterbogensis var. macrosperma

Oenothera latipetala

authorship: (Soldano) Soldano

Oenothera macrosperma

authorship: (Hudziok) Hudziok

Oenothera media

authorship: Link

Oenothera muricata var. latifolia

authorship: Asch.

Oenothera muricata var. rubricaulis

authorship: Farw.

Oenothera nissensis var. fiedleri

authorship: Gutte & Rostański

name: Oenothera novae-scotiae var. serratifolia

Oenothera nuda

authorship: Renner ex Rostański

Oenothera parviflora var. muricata

authorship: (L.) Farw.

Oenothera pubescens

authorship: Nees

Oenothera punctulata

authorship: Rostański & Gutte

Oenothera purpurata

authorship: Kleb.

Oenothera pycnocarpa

authorship: G.F.Atk. & Bartlett

Oenothera rubricaulis var. dentifolia

authorship: V.Jehlík & Rostański

name: Oenothera sackvillensis var. albiviridis

codes: ALA ABT ARK BRC CAL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MXC MXE MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NDA NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WAS WVA WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2009 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Gamma-linolenic-acid

activities: Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiMS AntiPMS AntiRaynaud's Antiacne Antiaggregant Antialcoholic Antiarthritic

Lignin

activities: AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticoronary Antidiarrheic Antinitrosaminic Antioxidant Antitumor

Quercetin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor ATPase-Inhibitor Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

names: أخدرية محولة

names:
Gemeine Nachtkerze
Gewoehnliche Zweijaehrige Nachtkerze

names: Енотера дворічна

names:
Ner-ha'layla ha'du-shnati
נר הלילה הדו שנתי

partners:
Megachile
Andrena
Andrena madronitens
Andrena pruni
Anthocomus
Anthocomus erichsoni
Apallates coxendix
Atrichopogon websteri

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Acanthoscelidius acephalus
Agnorisma badinodis
Agrius convolvuli
Ancistrocerus gazella
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Atalopedes huron

partners:
Acanthoscelidius acephalus
Adalia bipunctata
Agalliopsis ancistra
Alypia octomaculata
Amphion floridensis
Anthophora terminalis
Anthrenus isabellinus
Bombus impatiens

partners:
Amphion floridensis
Archilochus colubris
Cuerna costalis
Hyles gallii
Hyles lineata
Lygus lineolaris
Mompha eloisella
Popillia japonica


slug: oenothera-boquillensis

scientific: Oenothera boquillensis

authorship: (P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: boquillensis

preferred: Rio Grande beeblossom

Gaura boquillensis

authorship: P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEBO

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-brachycarpa

scientific: Oenothera brachycarpa

epithet: brachycarpa

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 70 (1852)

preferred: shortfruit evening primrose

Lavauxia brachycarpa

authorship: (A.Gray) Britton

Lavauxia graminifolia

authorship: (H.Lév.) Rose

Lavauxia wrightii

authorship: (A.Gray) Small

Megapterium brachycarpum

authorship: (A.Gray) Rydb.

Megapterium brachycarpum var. wrightii

authorship: (A.Gray) Moldenke

Oenothera australis

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.

Oenothera brachycarpa var. typica

authorship: Munz

Oenothera brachycarpa var. wrightii

authorship: (A.Gray) H.Lév.

Oenothera cespitosa subsp. australis

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Munz

Pachylophus australis

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM TEX

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 257 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 70

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-calcicola

scientific: Oenothera calcicola

epithet: calcicola

preferred: Texas beeblossom

authors: (P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OECA4

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-canescens

scientific: Oenothera canescens

authorship: Torr.

epithet: canescens

published_in: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. : 315 (1845)

preferred: spotted evening primrose

Gaurella guttulata

authorship: (Geyer ex Hook.) Small

Gauropsis canescens

authorship: (Torr. & Frém.) Cockerell

Gauropsis guttulata

authorship: (Geyer) Cockerell

Megapterium canescens

authorship: Britton

Oenothera guttulata

authorship: Geyer ex Hook.

Pachylophus canescens

authorship: (Torr. & Frém.) Piper

codes: COL KAN NEB NWM OKL TEX WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

Nebraska

code: NEB

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 255 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
spotted evening primrose
beakpod evening primrose

authors: Torr. & Frém.

published_in: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. 315


slug: oenothera-capillifolia

scientific: Oenothera capillifolia

authorship: Scheele

epithet: capillifolia

preferred: Berlandier's sundrops

Calylophus berlandieri

authorship: Spach

name: Calylophus berlandieri subsp. pinifolius

authorship: (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Towner

name: Calylophus drummondianus subsp. berlandieri

authorship: (Spach) Towner & P.H.Raven

Meriolix berlandieri

authorship: (Spach) Walp.

Meriolix capillifolia

authorship: (Scheele) Small

Meriolix hillii

authorship: Small

Meriolix melanoglottis

authorship: Rydb.

Oenothera berlandieri

authorship: (Spach) Steud.

Oenothera berlandieri subsp. pinifolia

authorship: (Engelm. ex A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

Oenothera serrulata subsp. pinifolia

authorship: (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Munz

Oenothera serrulata var. pinifolia

authorship: Engelm. ex A.Gray

codes: KAN LOU MXE MSI NWM OKL TEX

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Mexico

code: NWM

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2047 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Berlandier's suncups
Berlandier's sundrops

authors: Scheele

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol CABE6


slug: oenothera-centaureifolia

scientific: Oenothera centaureifolia

authorship: Steud.

epithet: centaureifolia

codes: AGE BZS URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 114 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Steud.

published_in: Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2. ii. 206

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-cespitosa

scientific: Oenothera cespitosa

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: cespitosa

published_in: Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana no. 53. 1813 [pre-Aug 1813]

Oenothera cespitosa subsp. crinita

authorship: (Rydb.) Munz

Oenothera cespitosa subsp. eximia

authorship: (A.Gray) Munz

Oenothera cespitosa subsp. jonesii

authorship: (Munz) Munz

Oenothera cespitosa subsp. montana

authorship: (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Munz

Oenothera cespitosa subsp. purpurea

authorship: (S.Watson) Munz

Oenothera cespitosa var. jonesii

authorship: Munz

Oenothera cespitosa var. longiflora

authorship: (A.Heller) Munz

Oenothera cespitosa var. macroglottis

authorship: (Rydb.) Cronquist

Oenothera cespitosa var. marginata

authorship: (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) Durand

Oenothera cespitosa var. montana

authorship: (Nutt.) Durand

Oenothera cespitosa var. navajoensis

authorship: (W.L.Wagner, Stockh. & W.M.Klein) Cronquist

Oenothera idahoensis

authorship: Mulford

Oenothera marginata

authorship: Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.

Oenothera scapigera

authorship: Pursh

Pachylophis cespitosa

authorship: (Nutt.) Raim.

Pachylophis eximius

authorship: (A.Gray) Wooton & Standl.

Pachylophis longiflorus

authorship: (A.Heller) A.Heller

Pachylophis marginatus

authorship: (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) Rydb.

Pachylophis montanus

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Nelson

Pachylophus exiguus

authorship: (A.Gray) Rydb.

codes: ABT ARI CAL COL IDA MAN MXE MXN MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA ORE SAS SDA TEX UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Idaho

code: IDA

Manitoba

code: MAN

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oregon

code: ORE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2032 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tufted evening primrose
tufted evening-primrose

partners:
Ahmosia galbinea
Colladonus montanus reductus
Cryptorhopalum apicale
Ebo evansae
Hyles lineata


slug: oenothera-cinerea

scientific: Oenothera cinerea

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: cinerea

preferred: high-plains beeblossom

Gaura cinerea

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Gaura villosa

authorship: Torr.

Gaura villosa subsp. parksii

authorship: (Munz) P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.

codes: COL KAN NWM OKL TEX

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

Oklahoma

code: OKL

names:
Woolly Beeblossom
Wooly Beeblossom

authors: (Wooton & Standl.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OECI

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-clelandii

scientific: Oenothera clelandii

authorship: W.Dietr., P.H.Raven & W.L.Wagner

epithet: clelandii

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 196 (1983)

preferred: Cleland's evening primrose

codes: ARK ILL INI IOW KTY MIC MIN MSO NWJ OHI ONT VRG WVA WIS

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

lifeform: biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 399 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Cleland's evening primrose
Cleland's evening-primrose

label: Visited by

authors: W.Dietr., P.H.Raven & W.L.Wagner

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 196


slug: oenothera-coquimbensis

scientific: Oenothera coquimbensis

authorship: Gay

epithet: coquimbensis

name: Oenothera coquimbensis var. grandidentata

authorship: (Phil.) Reiche

Oenothera grandidentata

authorship: Phil.

Raimannia coquimbensis

authorship: (Gay) Sprague & L.Riley

codes: CLC CLN

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile North

code: CLN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Gay

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-coronopifolia

scientific: Oenothera coronopifolia

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: coronopifolia

preferred: crownleaf evening primrose

Anogra coronopifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Britton

Raimannia coronopifolia

authorship: Rose

codes: ARI COL IDA NEB NWM SDA UTA WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Mexico

code: NWM

South Dakota

code: SDA

Utah

code: UTA

Wyoming

code: WYO

lifeform: geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1017 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Torr. & A.Gray

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(3): 495

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: oenothera-coryi

scientific: Oenothera coryi

epithet: coryi

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73: 475 (1986)

preferred: El Paso evening primrose

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 40 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
El Paso evening primrose
Cory's evening-primrose

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73: 475

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-curtiflora

scientific: Oenothera curtiflora

authorship: W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: curtiflora

preferred: velvetweed

Gaura australis

authorship: Griseb.

Gaura hirsuta

authorship: Scheele

Gaura micrantha

authorship: (Spach) D.Dietr.

Gaura parviflora

authorship: Douglas ex Lehm.

Gaura parviflora f. glabra

authorship: Munz

Gaura parviflora var. lachnocarpa

authorship: Weath.

Schizocarya micrantha

authorship: Spach

codes: ARI ARK COL IDA IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MXC MXE MXN MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NWM OHI OKL ORE SCA SDA TEX UTA VRG WAS WYO

Arkansas

code: ARK

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Oregon

code: ORE

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2036 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Gaura à feuilles de velours
Gaura à petites fleurs

partners:
Heriades micheneri
Hyles lineata
Lasioglossum comulum
Lasioglossum microlepoides

partners:
Ephestiodes gilvescentella
Macrosiphum gaurae

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: oenothera-deltoides

scientific: Oenothera deltoides

authorship: Torr. & Frém.

epithet: deltoides

published_in: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. : 313 (1845)

preferred: birdcage evening primrose

Anogra deltoidea

authorship: (Torr. & Frém.) Small

Anogra simplex

authorship: Small

Oenothera deltoides var. cognata

authorship: (Jeps.) Munz

Oenothera deltoides var. decumbens

authorship: (S.Watson) Munz

Oenothera kleinii

authorship: W.L.Wagner & S.W.Mill.

Oenothera simplex

authorship: (Small) Tidestr.

Oenothera trichocalyx var. cineracea

authorship: Jeps.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

codes: ARI CAL MXN NEV ORE UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1753 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
birdcage evening primrose
Antioch dunes evening primrose

partners:
Altica torquata
Apis mellifera
Apodemia virgulti
Eupompha elegans
Euproserpinus phaeton
Hesperapis
Hyles lineata
Hymenoptera

published_in: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. 313


slug: oenothera-demareei

scientific: Oenothera demareei

authorship: (P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: demareei

preferred: Demaree's beeblossom

Gaura demareei

authorship: P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.

Arkansas

code: ARK

lifeform: annual or biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 212

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEDE

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-deserticola

scientific: Oenothera deserticola

authorship: (Loes.) Munz

epithet: deserticola

Xylopleurum deserticola

authorship: Loes.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 248 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Munz

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: oenothera-drummondii

scientific: Oenothera drummondii

authorship: Hook.

epithet: drummondii

preferred: beach evening primrose

Oenothera drummondii unranked nana-alba

authorship: Barr & Sugden

name: Oenothera drummondii unranked nana-albida

authorship: J.Carter ex J.Dix

Oenothera drummondii var. thalassaphila

authorship: (Brandegee) Munz

Oenothera littoralis

authorship: Schltdl.

Oenothera sinuata var. drummondii

authorship: (Hook.) H.Lév.

Oenothera thalassaphila

authorship: Brandegee

Raimannia drummondii

authorship: (Hook.) Rose ex Sprague & L.Riley

Raimannia littoralis

authorship: (Schltdl.) Rose ex Sprague & L.Riley

codes: FLA LOU MXG MXE MXN MXT NCA SCA TEX

Florida

code: FLA

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

North Carolina

code: NCA

Texas

code: TEX

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1946 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
beach evening primrose
Drummond's Evening-primrose

names: 海滨月见草 海边月见草

names: Энотера Друммонда

names:
/
Onagre de Drummond

names:
Ner-ha'layla ha'hofi
נר הלילה החופי

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: oenothera-elata

scientific: Oenothera elata

authorship: Kunth

epithet: elata

preferred: tall evening primrose

english:
tall evening primrose
Hooker's Evening-Primrose
Hooker's evening primrose
Hooker's eveningprimrose
western eveningprimrose

Oenothera biennis f. hookeri

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) B.Boivin

Oenothera biennis var. hirsutissima

authorship: A.Gray ex S.Watson

Oenothera communis var. hookeri

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) H.Lév.

Oenothera corymbosa

authorship: Sims

Oenothera elata subsp. texensis

authorship: W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner

Oenothera elata var. hirsutissima

authorship: (A.Gray ex S.Watson) Cronquist

Oenothera franciscana

authorship: Bartlett

Oenothera grisea

authorship: (Bartlett) Rostański

Oenothera guttata

authorship: (Greene ex R.R.Gates) R.R.Gates

Oenothera hewettii

authorship: Cockerell

Oenothera hirsutissima

authorship: (A.Gray ex S.Watson) de Vries

Oenothera hookeri

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera hookeri subsp. angustifolia

authorship: (R.R.Gates) Munz

Oenothera hookeri subsp. euhookeri

authorship: Munz

Oenothera hookeri subsp. grisea

authorship: (Bartlett) Munz

Oenothera hookeri subsp. hirsutissima

authorship: (A.Gray ex S.Watson) Munz

Oenothera hookeri subsp. ornata

authorship: (A.Nelson) Munz

Oenothera hookeri var. franciscana

authorship: (Bartlett) R.R.Gates

Oenothera hookeri var. hewettii

authorship: (Cockerell) R.R.Gates

Oenothera hookeri var. irrigua

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) R.R.Gates

Oenothera hookeri var. montereyensis

authorship: (Munz) Hoover

Oenothera hookeri var. simsiana

authorship: (Ser.) R.R.Gates

Oenothera irrigua

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Oenothera jepsonii

authorship: Greene

Oenothera macbrideae

authorship: (A.Nelson) A.Heller

Oenothera macbrideae var. ornata

authorship: (A.Nelson) R.R.Gates

Oenothera montereyensis

authorship: (Munz) Rostański

Oenothera ornata

authorship: (A.Nelson) Rydb.

Oenothera salicifolia

authorship: Lehm.

Oenothera simsiana

authorship: Ser.

Oenothera spectabilis

authorship: hort. ex Spach

Onagra elata

authorship: (Kunth) Bartl.

Onagra guttata

authorship: Greene ex R.R.Gates

Onagra hookeri

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Small

Onagra kunthiana

authorship: Spach

codes: ARI CAL COL IDA KAN MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS NEV NWM OKL ORE TEX UTA WAS COS ELS GUA PAN

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1996 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
Hooker's evening primrose
Hooker's Evening-Primrose

partners:
Halictus tripartitus
Agapostemon melliventris
Allograpta obliqua
Apis mellifera
Bombus sonorus
Calypte anna
Coccinella septempunctata
Cotinis mutabilis

partners:
Coccinella septempunctata
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Eristalinus aeneus
Eupeodes fumipennis
Icerya purchasi
Sphinx chersis
Spinus psaltria
Vespula alascensis

partners:
Allograpta obliqua
Anthophora bomboides
Aphis nasturtii
Apis mellifera
Bombus sonorus
Calypte anna
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Eristalis tenax

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.


slug: oenothera-engelmannii

scientific: Oenothera engelmannii

authorship: (Small) Munz

epithet: engelmannii

preferred: Engelmann's evening primrose

Anogra engelmannii

authorship: (Small) Wooton & Standl.

Anogra pallida var. engelmannii

authorship: Small

Oklahoma

code: OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 61 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Engelmann's evening primrose
Engelmann's evening-primrose

authors: (Small) Munz

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: oenothera-epilobiifolia

scientific: Oenothera epilobiifolia

authorship: Kunth

epithet: epilobiifolia

Hartmannia epilobiifolia

authorship: (Kunth) Spach

Oenothera ascendens

authorship: Willd. ex Spreng.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS CLM COS ECU GUA PER VEN

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Guatemala

code: GUA

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 119 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Shullu
Shullu amarillo

authors: Kunth

published_in: Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] vi. 92

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-filiformis

scientific: Oenothera filiformis

authorship: (Small) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: filiformis

preferred: longflower beeblossom

Gaura biennis var. pitcheri

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Gaura exaltata

authorship: Engelm. & Gray

Gaura filiformis var. kearneyi

authorship: Munz

codes: ALA ARK COL ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MIC MSI MSO NEB OHI OKL TEN TEX WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

Ohio

code: OHI

Tennessee

code: TEN

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 342 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Long-flower Gaura
large-flower gaura

names:
Gaura à longues fleurs
gaura à fleurs longues

partners: Apoidea Lepidoptera

partners:
Apoidea
Bombus impatiens
Lepidoptera
Melissodes bimaculatus
Petrophila bifascialis

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.


slug: oenothera-filipes

scientific: Oenothera filipes

authorship: (Spach) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: filipes

preferred: slenderstalk beeblossom

codes: ALA FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MSI MSO SCA TEN

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 102 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
slender-stalked gaura
slenderstalk beeblossom

authors: (Spach) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEFI3

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-flava

scientific: Oenothera flava

authorship: (A.Nelson) Garrett

epithet: flava

published_in: Spring Fl. Wasatch, ed. 4: 106 (1927)

preferred: yellow evening primrose

Lavauxia hamata

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Lavauxia palustris

authorship: Rose

Oenothera flava subsp. taraxacoides

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) W.L.Wagner

Oenothera hamata

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.

Oenothera murdockii

authorship: S.L.Welsh & N.D.Atwood

Oenothera taraxacifolia var. ecristata

authorship: (M.E.Jones) H.Lév. & Guffroy

codes: ABT ARI CAL COL IDA MAN MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA ORE SAS SDA UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oregon

code: ORE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 279 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
yellow evening primrose
long-tube evening primrose


slug: oenothera-fruticosa

scientific: Oenothera fruticosa

authorship: L.

epithet: fruticosa

preferred: Shrubby sundrops

english:
Shrubby sundrops
narrowleaf evening primrose

Kneiffia angustifolia

authorship: Spach

Kneiffia brevistipata

authorship: Pennell

Kneiffia fruticosa

authorship: (L.) Spach ex Raim.

Kneiffia fruticosa var. differta

authorship: Millsp.

Kneiffia fruticosa var. unguiculata

authorship: (Fem.) Moldenke

Kneiffia linearis var. allenii

authorship: Britton

Kneiffia riparia

authorship: Walp.

Oenothera arenicola

authorship: (Small) Coker

Oenothera florida

authorship: Salisb.

Oenothera frutescens

authorship: hort. ex Jacques

Oenothera fruticosa f. phyllopus

authorship: (Hook.) Voss

Oenothera fruticosa var. humifusa

authorship: Allen

Oenothera fruticosa var. linearifolia

authorship: Hook.

Oenothera fruticosa var. linearis

authorship: (Michx.) S.Watson

Oenothera fruticosa var. microcarpa

authorship: Fernald

Oenothera fruticosa var. subglobosa

authorship: (Small) Munz

Oenothera linearis

authorship: Michx.

Oenothera linearis var. angustifolia

authorship: Pursh

Oenothera longipedicellata

authorship: (Small) B.L.Rob.

Oenothera mollissima

authorship: Walter

Oenothera serotina

authorship: Sweet

Oenothera subglobosa

authorship: (Small) Weath. & Griscom

Oenothera subglobosa var. arenicola

authorship: Weath. & Griscom

Oenothera tetragona var. brevistipata

authorship: (Pennell) Munz

Oenothera unguiculata

authorship: (Fernald) Sorrie, LeBlond & Weakley

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MAS MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL PEN SCA TEN VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Mississippi

code: MSI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1434 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
narrowleaf evening primrose
Shrubby sundrops

names: Ослинник кустарниковый

names: アカジクマツヨイグサ キダチマツヨイグサ

partners:
Amobia floridensis
Apallates coxendix
Bembix nubilipennis
Blepharipeza leucophrys
Ceratina dupla
Chaetochlorops inquilinus
Colletes nudus
Copromyza equina

partners:
Augochlorella aurata
Halictus rubicundus
Hoplitis pilosifrons
Lasioglossum pectorale
Megachile addenda
Megachile montivaga
Megachile policaris
Polites coras

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Dialictus
Papilio xuthus