slug: packera-streptanthifolia

scientific: Packera streptanthifolia

epithet: streptanthifolia

preferred: Rocky Mountain butterweed

english:
Rocky Mountain butterweed
Rocky Mountain groundsel
cleftleaf groundsel

Packera oodes

authorship: (Rydb.) W.A.Weber

Packera streptanthifolia var. borealis

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Trock

Senecio adamsii

authorship: Howell

Senecio aureus var. borealis

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Senecio cognatus

authorship: Greene

Senecio cymbalarioides var. borealis

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Greenm.

name: Senecio cymbalarioides var. cymbalarioides

name: Senecio cymbalarioides var. streptanthifolius

authorship: (Greene) Greenm.

Senecio streptanthifolius var. borealis

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) J.F.Bain

name: Senecio streptanthifolius var. laetiflorus

authorship: (Greene) J.F.Bain

Senecio streptanthifolius var. oodes

authorship: (Rydb.) J.F.Bain

name: Senecio streptanthifolius var. rubricaulis

name: Senecio streptanthifolius var. streptanthifolius

name: Senecio streptanthifolius var. wallowensis

Senecio suksdorfii

authorship: Greenm.

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV NWM NWT ORE SAS UTA WAS WYO YUK

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Northwest Territories

code: NWT

Oregon

code: ORE

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

Yukon

code: YUK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 326 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
cleftleaf groundsel
Rocky Mountain butterweed

partners:
Ashmeadiella pronitens
Osmia coloradensis
Osmia montana montana
Stelis montana

partners:
Ashmeadiella pronitens
Bombus bifarius
Bombus flavidus
Bombus insularis
Bombus kirbiellus
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus
Bombus occidentalis

quote: grow to approximately 10 to 60 cm (4 to 24 in) tall from a cluster of basal leaves.


slug: packera-subnuda

scientific: Packera subnuda

authorship: (DC.) Trock & T.M.Barkley

genus: Packera

epithet: subnuda

family: Asteraceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

preferred: Buek's groundsel

english:
Buek's groundsel
alpine meadow groundsel
pale groundsel

source: wikidata

Packera buekii

authorship: Trock & T.M.Barkley

Packera moresbiensis

authorship: (Calder & Roy L.Taylor) J.F.Bain

Senecio aureus var. subnudus

authorship: (DC.) A.Gray

name: Senecio cymbalarioides subsp. cymbalarioides

name: Senecio cymbalarioides subsp. moresbiensis

authorship: Calder & Roy L.Taylor

Senecio moresbiensis

authorship: (Calder & Roy L.Taylor) G.W.Douglas & Ruyle-Dougl.

Senecio pauciflorus var. subnudus

authorship: (DC.) Jeps.

Senecio resedifolius var. moresbiensis

authorship: (Calder & Roy L.Taylor) B.Boivin

name: Senecio streptanthifolius var. moresbiensis

authorship: (Calder & Roy L.Taylor) Boivin

Senecio subnudus

authorship: DC.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: ASK ABT BRC CAL IDA MNT NEV ORE WAS WYO

Alaska

code: ASK

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Subarctic America

Alberta

region: Western Canada

California

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 42 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names:
alpine meadow groundsel
pale groundsel

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Lycaena cupreus
Bombus bifarius
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus mixtus

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: (DC.) Trock & T.M.Barkley

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: packera-tampicana

scientific: Packera tampicana

authorship: (DC.) C.Jeffrey

epithet: tampicana

preferred: Great Plains ragwort

Senecio imparipinnatus

authorship: Klatt

codes: ARK KAN LOU MXC MXG MXE OKL TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1511 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: annual

authors: (DC.) C.Jeffrey

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: packera-werneriifolia

scientific: Packera werneriifolia

authorship: W.A.Weber & Á.Löve

epithet: werneriifolia

published_in: Phytologia 49(1): 48. 1981 [1 Sep 1981] (as werneriaefolia)

preferred: hoary groundsel

name: Packera werneriifolia var. werneriifolia

Senecio alpicola

authorship: Rydb.

Senecio petrophilus

authorship: Greene

Senecio werneriifolius

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

name: Senecio werneriifolius var. werneriifolius

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 392 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Parnassius smintheus smintheus
Pyrgus centaureae
Colias scudderi
Colias scudderii
Lycaena cupreus snowi
Lycaena snowi

authors: W.A.Weber & Á.Löve

published_in: Phytologia 49(1): 48

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: packera-zimapanica

scientific: Packera zimapanica

authorship: (Hemsl.) C.C.Freeman & T.M.Barkley

epithet: zimapanica

authors: (Hemsl.) C.C.Freeman & T.M.Barkley

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pacourina-edulis

scientific: Pacourina edulis

authorship: Aubl.

genus: Pacourina

epithet: edulis

Acilepis cirsiifolia

authorship: Spreng.

Calea sessiliflora

authorship: Stokes

Haynea edulis

authorship: (Aubl.) Willd.

Pacourina cirsiifolia

authorship: Kunth

Pacourina edulis var. spinosissima

authorship: Britton

Pacourinopsis dentata

authorship: Cass.

Vernonia cirsiifolia

authorship: (Kunth) Steud.

Vernonia edulis

authorship: (Aubl.) Steud.

codes: AGE BOL BZN BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PAR PER SUR VEN

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: helophyte

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 346 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil


slug: paederia-cavaleriei

scientific: Paederia cavaleriei

genus: Paederia

epithet: cavaleriei

family: Rubiaceae

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.  13: 179 (1914)

codes: CHC CHS TAI

China South-Central

code: CHC

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

lifeform: climbing subshrub or climbing shrub

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 227 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 毛雞屎藤 耳叶鸡屎藤

value: vine

label: Life form

value: chamaephyte

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 179

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paederia-ciliata

scientific: Paederia ciliata

authorship: (Bartl. ex DC.) Standl.

epithet: ciliata

published_in: Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.  22: 386 (1940)

Lygodisodea ciliata

authorship: Bartl. ex DC.

Lygodisodea mexicana

authorship: DC.

Paederia pringlei

authorship: Greenm.

Rondeletia volubilis

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

codes: MXC MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

lifeform: liana

climate: seasonally dry tropical

value: phanerophyte

authors: (Bartl. ex DC.) Standl.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paederia-cruddasiana

scientific: Paederia cruddasiana

authorship: Prain

epithet: cruddasiana

published_in: J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist.  67: 295 (1898)

preferred: sewer vine

Paederia aestivalis

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.

Paederia cruddasiana subsp. microcarpa

authorship: (Kurz) Puff

Paederia foetida var. microcarpa

authorship: Kurz

codes: CHC ASS BAN EHM MYA NEP THA VIE

Assam

code: ASS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

Nepal

code: NEP

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

names:
sewer vine
onion vine

names: 臭鸡矢藤 臭鸡屎藤

value: woody

authors: Prain

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paederia-foetida

scientific: Paederia foetida

authorship: L.

epithet: foetida

preferred: skunkvine

english: skunkvine stinkvine

Crawfurdia paniculata

authorship: Griseb.

Gentiana scandens

authorship: Lour.

Hondbesseion foetidum

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Hondbesseion tomentosum

authorship: (Blume) Kuntze

Paederia amboinensis

authorship: Miq.

Paederia chinensis

authorship: Hance

Paederia chinensis f. microphylla

authorship: Honda

Paederia chinensis f. tenuissima

authorship: Masam.

Paederia chinensis var. angustifolia

authorship: Nakai

Paederia chinensis var. maritima

authorship: Koidz.

Paederia corymbosa

authorship: Noronha

Paederia foetida f. microphylla

authorship: (Honda) Tsukaya, Imaichi & J.Yokoy.

Paederia foetida var. sessiliflora

authorship: (Poir.) Baker

Paederia laxiflora

authorship: Merr. ex H.L.Li

Paederia prainii

authorship: Gand.

Paederia scandens

authorship: (Lour.) Merr.

Paederia scandens f. mairei

authorship: (H.Lév.) Nakai

Paederia scandens f. megaphylla

authorship: (Koidz.) H.Hara

Paederia scandens f. microphylla

authorship: (Honda) H.Hara

Paederia scandens f. rubescens

authorship: Asai

Paederia scandens f. rubrae-stellaris

authorship: Konta & S.Matsumoto

Paederia scandens var. angustifolia

authorship: (Nakai) T.B.Lee

Paederia scandens var. longituba

authorship: (Nakai) H.Hara

Paederia scandens var. mairei

authorship: (H.Lév.) H.Hara

Paederia scandens var. tomentosa

authorship: (Blume) Hand.-Mazz.

Paederia scandens var. velutina

authorship: (Nakai) Nakai

Paederia scandens var. villosa

authorship: (Hayata) Masam.

Paederia sessiliflora

authorship: Poir.

Paederia stenophylla

authorship: Merr.

Paederia tomentosa

authorship: Blume

Paederia tomentosa f. tenuissima

authorship: Hayata

Paederia tomentosa var. mairei

authorship: (H.Lév.) H.Lév.

Psychotria volubilis

authorship: Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.

Reussia sarmentosa

authorship: Dennst.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KOR NNS OGA TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NCB PHI SCS SRL SUL SUM THA VIE

China North-Central

code: CHN

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Ogasawara-shoto

code: OGA

Tibet

code: CHT

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Borneo

code: BOR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2043 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: গন্ধভাদালি বা গাঁদাল

names: ヘクソカズラ（屁糞葛） ヘクソカズラ

names: Pædérie fétide, Liane coup de pet, Liane caca

partners:
Bombus diversus diversus
Ceratina japonica
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum apristum
Lasioglossum sexstrigatum
Lasioglossum taniolellum
Molipteryx fuliginosa
Unidentified sp26 M_PL_057

partners:
Apis cerana
Catopsilia pomona
Celastrina argiolus
Formicinae

partners:
Celastrina argiolus
Coleoptera
Copsychus malabaricus
Geopelia striata
Leiothrix lutea
Macroglossum corythus
Macroglossum pyrrhosticta
Neogurelca hyas

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)


slug: paederota-bonarota

scientific: Paederota bonarota

genus: Paederota

epithet: bonarota

family: Plantaginaceae

Bonarota chamaedrifolia

authorship: Scop.

Bonarota rotundifolia

authorship: Caruel

Paederota chamaedrifolia

authorship: Suffren

Veronica bonarota

authorship: L.

Wulfenia bonarota var. rotundifolia

authorship: Vahl

Wulfenia chamaedrifolia

authorship: Host

codes: AUT ITA YUG

Austria

code: AUT

continent: EUROPE

region: Middle Europe

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

lifeform: perennial

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 418 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Andrena florivaga
Lasioglossum nitidiusculum
Osmia mustelina

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Height

category: Size

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: capsule

source: Wikidata


slug: paederota-lutea

scientific: Paederota lutea

epithet: lutea

Paederota urticifolia

authorship: Brign.

Veronica lutea

authorship: (Scop.) Wettst.

Wulfenia ageria

authorship: Sm.

Wulfenia lutea

authorship: (Scop.) Host

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 214 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Flowering months

value: Jun-Jul

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Scop.

published_in: Annus Hist.-Nat. 2(2): 41

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paeonia-algeriensis

scientific: Paeonia algeriensis

authorship: Chabert

genus: Paeonia

epithet: algeriensis

family: Paeoniaceae

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France  36: 18 (1889)

Paeonia atlantica

authorship: (Coss.) Kralik ex Trab.

Paeonia corallina subsp. atlantica

authorship: (Coss.) Maire

Paeonia corallina var. atlantica

authorship: Coss.

Paeonia coriacea var. atlantica

authorship: (Coss.) Stern

Paeonia mascula subsp. atlantica

authorship: (Coss.) Greuter & Burdet

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

authors: Chabert

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 18


slug: paeonia-anomala

scientific: Paeonia anomala

epithet: anomala

Paeonia altaica

authorship: K.M.Dai & T.H.Ying

Paeonia anomala var. angustifolia

authorship: Krasnob.

Paeonia anomala var. insignis

authorship: Lynch

Paeonia anomala var. nudicarpa

authorship: Huth

Paeonia quinquecapsularis

authorship: Pall.

Paeonia veitchii subsp. altaica

authorship: (K.M.Dai & T.H.Ying) Halda

codes: ALT BRY IRK KAZ KRA MON TVA WSB CHX YAK RUE RUN

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Yakutiya

code: YAK

East European Russia

code: RUE

region: Eastern Europe

North European Russia

code: RUN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2017 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 赤芍 花蚁虫

names: Пион уклоняющийся

value: 1 m

value: May-Jun

value: follicle


slug: paeonia-arietina

scientific: Paeonia arietina

epithet: arietina

published_in: Trans. Linn. Soc. London  12: 275 (1817)

Paeonia cretica

authorship: Sabine ex Lindl.

Paeonia mascula subsp. arietina

authorship: (G.Anderson) Cullen & Heywood

Paeonia officinalis subsp. arietina

authorship: (G.Anderson) N.G.Passal.

codes: NCS TUR ALB ITA YUG ROM

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

Albania

code: ALB

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 48 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 12(1): 275

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: paeonia-broteri

scientific: Paeonia broteri

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

epithet: broteri

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. : 4 (1842)

Paeonia corallina f. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Voss

Paeonia corallina f. ovatifolia

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia corallina var. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Coss.

Paeonia lobata

authorship: Desf.

authorship: Desf. ex DC.

Paeonia lusitanica

authorship: Mill.

Paeonia lusitanica prol. ovatifolia

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Samp.

Paeonia mascula f. ovatifolia

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Courtois

Paeonia mascula var. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Gürke

Paeonia mascula var. lusitanica

authorship: (Mill.) Samp.

Paeonia officinalis subsp. broteri

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Rivas Goday & Borja

Paeonia officinalis var. lobata

authorship: Webb

Paeonia officinalis var. lusitanica

authorship: (Mill.) Martyn

codes: POR SPA

Portugal

code: POR

region: Southwestern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1927 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Trichius gallicus
Tropinota

value: drupe

authors: Boiss. & Reut.

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 4


slug: paeonia-brownii

scientific: Paeonia brownii

authorship: Douglas ex Hook.

epithet: brownii

preferred: Brown's Peony

english:
Brown's Peony
Brown's peony

source: inat

codes: CAL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1975 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Eschscholzia californica

slug: eschscholzia-californica

names:
Brown's peony
western peony

partners: Andrena Apoidea Hymenoptera Syrphidae Vespidae

label: Growth form

value: Single Crown

label: Growth rate

value: moderate

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Foliage colour

value: dark green

label: Flower colour

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: paeonia-californica

scientific: Paeonia californica

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: californica

preferred: California Peony

english:
California Peony
California peony

Paeonia brownii subsp. californica

authorship: (Nutt.) Halda

authorship: (Nutt.) Abrams

Paeonia brownii var. californica

authorship: (Nutt.) Lynch

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CAL MXN

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

region: Mexico

names: Пион калифорнийский

value: herb

value: non-woody

value: perennial

authors: Nutt.

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(1): 41


slug: paeonia-corsica

scientific: Paeonia corsica

authorship: Sieber ex Tausch

epithet: corsica

Paeonia corallina f. hypoleuca

authorship: Briq.

Paeonia corallina f. leiocarpa

authorship: (Coss.) Knoche

Paeonia corallina prol. corsica

authorship: (Sieber ex Tausch) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia corallina var. corsica

authorship: (Sieber ex Tausch) Coss.

authorship: (Sieber ex Tausch) P.Fourn.

Paeonia corallina var. leiocarpa

authorship: Coss.

Paeonia corallina var. pubescens

authorship: Moris

Paeonia glabrescens

authorship: Jord.

Paeonia mascula var. corsica

authorship: (Sieber ex Tausch) Gürke

Paeonia morisii

authorship: Cesca, Bernardo & N.G.Passal.

Paeonia officinalis var. corsica

authorship: (Sieber ex Tausch) Fiori

Paeonia ovatifolia

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia russoi var. leiocarpa

authorship: (Coss.) Stern

Paeonia russoi var. reverchonii

authorship: Legrand

codes: COR GRC SAR

Corse

code: COR

Greece

code: GRC

Sardegna

code: SAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Pivoine de Corse
Pivoine de Corse, Pivoine coriace

names:
Peonia corsa
Peonia corsica

value: geophyte

authors: Sieber ex Tausch

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paeonia-daurica

scientific: Paeonia daurica

authorship: Andrews

epithet: daurica

Paeonia abchasica

authorship: Miscz. ex Grossh.

Paeonia caucasica

authorship: (Schipcz.) Schipcz.

Paeonia caucasica var. coriifolia

authorship: (Rupr.) Schipcz.

Paeonia chamaeleon

authorship: Troitsky

Paeonia corallina f. macrophylla

authorship: Albov

Paeonia corallina f. triternata

authorship: (Boiss.) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia corallina subsp. triternata

authorship: (Boiss.) N.Busch

Paeonia corallina var. caucasica

authorship: Schipcz.

Paeonia corallina var. coriifolia

authorship: (Rupr.) N.Busch

Paeonia corallina var. pallasii

authorship: Huth

Paeonia corallina var. triternata

authorship: Boiss.

Paeonia hartwissiana

authorship: Trautv.

Paeonia kavachensis var. coriifolia

authorship: (Rupr.) Grossh.

Paeonia macrophylla

authorship: (Albov) Lomakin

Paeonia mascula subsp. triternata

authorship: (Boiss.) Stearn & P.H.Davis

Paeonia mascula var. triternata

authorship: (Boiss.) Gürke

Paeonia mlokosewitschii

authorship: Lomakin

Paeonia officinalis var. triternata

authorship: (Boiss.) Fiori

Paeonia tomentosa

authorship: (Lomakin) N.Busch

Paeonia triternata

authorship: Pall.

authorship: Pall. ex DC.

Paeonia triternata f. coriifolia

authorship: Rupr.

Paeonia triternata var. mlokosewitschii

authorship: (Lomakin) Stebbins

Paeonia wittmanniana

authorship: Steven

authorship: Hartwiss ex Lindl.

Paeonia wittmanniana f. macrophylla

authorship: (Albov) N.Busch

Paeonia wittmanniana subsp. macrophylla

authorship: (Albov) Halda

Paeonia wittmanniana var. macrophylla

authorship: (Albov) N.Busch ex Grossh.

codes: IRN LBS NCS TCS TUR BUL GRC KRY YUG ROM

Iran

code: IRN

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Krym

code: KRY

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1326 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 达呼里芍药 達呼里芍藥

names: Пион крымский

names: Півонія кримська

published_in: Bot. Repos. t. 486 (1807); Anderson in Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. 270 (1817)


slug: paeonia-kesrouanensis

scientific: Paeonia kesrouanensis

authorship: (J.Thiébaut) J.Thiébaut

epithet: kesrouanensis

Paeonia mascula subsp. kesrouanensis

authorship: (J.Thiébaut) Halda

Paeonia turcica

authorship: P.H.Davis & Cullen

codes: LBS TUR

published_in: Mém. Inst. Égypte xxxi. (Fl. Liban.-Syrien. 1.) 37 (1936), in clavi


slug: paeonia-lactiflora

scientific: Paeonia lactiflora

epithet: lactiflora

published_in: Reise Russ. Reich.  3: 286 (1776)

preferred: Chinese peony

Paeonia albiflora f. hirta

authorship: Regel

Paeonia albiflora f. nuda

authorship: Nakai

Paeonia albiflora f. pilifera

authorship: Schipcz.

Paeonia albiflora var. edulis

authorship: (Salisb.) Pursh

Paeonia albiflora var. fragrans

authorship: Sabine

Paeonia albiflora var. purpurea

authorship: Korsh.

Paeonia albiflora var. spontanea

authorship: Makino

Paeonia albiflora var. trichocarpa

authorship: Bunge

Paeonia edulis

authorship: Salisb.

Paeonia edulis var. reevesiana

authorship: Paxton

Paeonia edulis var. sinensis

authorship: Sims

Paeonia fragrans

authorship: (Sabine) Redouté

Paeonia humei

authorship: (Sabine) E.Vilm.

Paeonia lactiflora f. nuda

authorship: (Nakai) Kitag.

Paeonia lactiflora var. hirta

authorship: (Regel) Y.C.Chu

Paeonia lactiflora var. trichocarpa

authorship: (Bunge) Stern

Paeonia lactiflora var. villosa

authorship: M.S.Yan & K.Sun

Paeonia makoya

authorship: Marnock

authorship: Marn.

Paeonia reevesiana

authorship: (Paxton) Loudon

Paeonia sinensis

authorship: Steud.

Paeonia whitleyi

authorship: (Sabine) Anon.

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CTA CHI KHA CHM MON PRM

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

Primorye

code: PRM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 707 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Paeoniflorin

activities: Analgesic Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antibacterial Anticoagulant Anticonvulsant Antidiuretic Antiinflammatory

Benzoic-acid

activities: Allergenic Anesthetic Antibacterial Antiotitic Antipyretic Antisalmonella Antiseptic Antiyeast

Quercetin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor ATPase-Inhibitor Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic

Paeonol

activities: Adaptogenic Analgesic Antiaggregant Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial Antiedemic Antigastric Antiinflammatory

Gallic-acid

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Analgesic AntiHIV AntiMRSA Antiadenovirus Antiallergenic Antianaphylactic Antiangiogenic

Kaempferol

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaflatoxin Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antibacterial Anticancer

Methyl-gallate

activities: Antiallergenic Antiasthmatic Antibacterial Antibronchitic Antiherpetic Antileukemic Antioxidant Antiseptic

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

Pentagalloyl-glucose

activities: Antifibrinolytic Antiherpetic Antiinflammatory Antimutagenic Antiviral Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor Pesticide

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
Chinese peony
Common Garden Peony

names: 赤芍 白芍

names: Пион молочноцветковый

names: シャクヤク 山牡丹

names:
Milchweiße Pfingstrose
chinesische Pfingstrose

names:
Pivoine Blanche
pivoine de Chine

names: jeogjagyag 작약

names: Півонія білоцвіта

names: Півоня малочнакветкавая

partners:
Euptoieta claudia
Papilio glaucus
Aglais urticae
Andrena carlini
Archilochus colubris
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Lygus lineolaris


slug: paeonia-mascula

scientific: Paeonia mascula

authorship: (L.) Mill.

epithet: mascula

preferred: peony

source: usda

Paeonia arietina var. orientalis

authorship: (J.Thiébaut) Stern

Paeonia corallina

authorship: Retz.

Paeonia corallina prol. ovatifolia

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia corallina prol. russoi

authorship: (Biv.) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia corallina subsp. russoi

authorship: (Biv.) Nyman

Paeonia corallina var. flavescens

authorship: (C.Presl) Guss.

Paeonia corallina var. russoi

authorship: (Biv.) Coss.

authorship: (Biv.) P.Fourn.

Paeonia integra

authorship: Murray

Paeonia kavachensis

authorship: Azn.

Paeonia kurdistanica

authorship: Zohary

Paeonia mas

authorship: Garsault

Paeonia mascula subsp. icarica

authorship: Tzanoud.

Paeonia mascula subsp. orientalis

authorship: (J.Thiébaut) D.Y.Hong

Paeonia mascula var. flavescens

authorship: (C.Presl) Gürke

Paeonia mascula var. hellenica

authorship: Stearn & P.H.Davis

Paeonia mascula var. russoi

authorship: (Biv.) Gürke

authorship: (Biv.) N.G.Passal. & Bernardo

Paeonia officinalis subsp. corallina

authorship: (Retz.) Fiori

Paeonia officinalis var. mascula

authorship: L.

Paeonia officinalis var. russoi

authorship: (Biv.) Fiori

Paeonia russoi

authorship: Biv.

codes: CYP EAI IRN IRQ LBS PAL TUR ALB BUL FRA GRC ITA SIC SPA

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Albania

code: ALB

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 304 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Peony
Wild Peony

names: 南欧芍药 南歐芍藥

names: Пион триждытройчатый

names: Півонія коралева

names: אדמונית החורש

partners:
Bombus bifarius
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus centralis
Bombus cryptarum
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus mixtus

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Botrytis paeoniae
Phytophthora cactorum


slug: paeonia-obovata

scientific: Paeonia obovata

authorship: Maxim.

epithet: obovata

published_in: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans  9: 39 (1859)

Paeonia japonica

authorship: (Makino) Miyabe & H.Takeda

Paeonia japonica f. glabra

authorship: (Makino) Kitam.

Paeonia japonica f. pilosa

authorship: (Nakai) W.Lee

Paeonia japonica var. glabra

authorship: Makino

Paeonia japonica var. pilosa

authorship: Nakai

Paeonia obovata f. albiflora

authorship: M.Mizush. ex T.Shimizu

Paeonia obovata f. oreogeton

authorship: (S.Moore) Kitag.

Paeonia obovata var. alba

authorship: Saunders

Paeonia obovata var. amurensis

authorship: Schipcz.

Paeonia obovata var. willmottiae

authorship: (Stapf) Stern

Paeonia vernalis

authorship: Mandl

Paeonia willmottiae

authorship: Stapf

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KHA KOR KUR CHM PRM SAK

Amur

code: AMU

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Sakhalin

code: SAK

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 200 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Betulinic-acid

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticarcinomic Antiedemic Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

names:
Chinese peony
Woodland peony

names: 草芍药 赤芍

names: Пион обратнояйцевидный

names: ベニバナヤマシャクヤク（紅花山芍薬） ベニバナヤマシャクヤク

names: 산작약 sanhambagkkot

partners:
Pidonia puziloi
Unidentified sp12 M_PL_057

label: Flower-visited by

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paeonia-officinalis

scientific: Paeonia officinalis

epithet: officinalis

preferred: Common Peony

english:
Common Peony
common peony

source: wikidata

Moutan officinalis

authorship: (L.) Lindl. & Paxton

Paeonia albiflos

authorship: Sabine ex Salm-Dyck

Paeonia anemoniflora

authorship: (Hook.) Anon.

Paeonia banatica

authorship: Rochel

Paeonia barrii

authorship: Lynch

Paeonia commutata

authorship: Wender.

Paeonia feminea

authorship: (L.) Desf.

Paeonia feminea var. banatica

authorship: (Rochel) Gürke

Paeonia feminea var. humilis

authorship: (Retz.) Gürke

Paeonia festiva

authorship: Tausch

Paeonia fimbriata

authorship: Sabine

authorship: (Sabine) B.D.Jacks.

Paeonia foemina

authorship: Garsault

authorship: Mill.

Paeonia foemina prol. humilis

authorship: (Retz.) Samp.

Paeonia foemina subsp. humilis

authorship: (Retz.) Cout.

Paeonia humilis

authorship: Retz.

Paeonia humilis var. gallica

authorship: Salm-Dyck

Paeonia humilis var. microcarpa

authorship: (Nyman) Samp.

Paeonia huthii

authorship: (Soldano) Landolt

Paeonia leiocarpa

authorship: Jord.

Paeonia microcarpa

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Paeonia nemoralis

authorship: Salisb.

Paeonia officinalis f. leiocarpa

authorship: (DC.) Asch. & Graebn.

Paeonia officinalis subsp. humilis

authorship: (Retz.) Cullen & Heywood

Paeonia officinalis subvar. banatica

authorship: (Rochel) Hayek

Paeonia officinalis var. anemoniflora

authorship: Hook.

Paeonia officinalis var. hirsuta

authorship: (Mill.) Martyn

Paeonia officinalis var. humilis

authorship: (Retz.) Asch. & Graebn.

Paeonia officinalis var. paradoxa

authorship: (G.Anderson) Bolzon

Paeonia officinalis var. villosa

authorship: Fiori

Paeonia paradoxa var. leiocarpa

authorship: DC.

Paeonia peregrina f. angustata

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia peregrina f. microcarpa

authorship: (Nyman) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia peregrina prol. leiocarpa

authorship: (DC.) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia peregrina prol. microcarpa

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia peregrina prol. officinalis

authorship: (L.) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia peregrina prol. paradoxa

authorship: (G.Anderson) Rouy & Foucaud

Paeonia peregrina var. banatica

authorship: (Rochel) Huth

Paeonia peregrina var. humilis

authorship: (Retz.) Huth

Paeonia peregrina var. leiocarpa

authorship: (DC.) Coss.

Paeonia peregrina var. microcarpa

authorship: (Nyman) Font Quer

Paeonia peregrina var. officinalis

authorship: (L.) Huth

Paeonia porrigens

authorship: Rchb.

Paeonia pubens

authorship: Sims

Paeonia rubra

authorship: Steud.

Paeonia villosa

authorship: Desf.

codes: ALB FRA HUN ITA YUG POR ROM SPA SWI

Hungary

code: HUN

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1063 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Pectin

activities: Antiatheromic Antibacterial Antidiabetic Antidiarrheic Antienteritic Antigallstone Antigastritic Antilithic

Cyanin

activities: Antipolio Antiviral Emetic Pesticide Pigment

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names: Пион лекарственный

partners:
Cetonia aurata
Episyrphus balteatus
Trichius fasciatus

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Agrilus litura
Apis mellifera
Grammoptera subargentata
Misumena vatia
Trichius fasciatus

partners:
Anthomyia procellaris
Bombus flavifrons
Myathropa florea
Parascythopus intrusus
Perideridia
Physiphora alceae
Polistes dominula
Sceliphron caementarium

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Brachyta interrogationis
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus


slug: paeonia-tenuifolia

scientific: Paeonia tenuifolia

authorship: L.

epithet: tenuifolia

Paeonia biebersteiniana

authorship: Rupr.

Paeonia carthalinica

authorship: Ketsk.

Paeonia hybrida

authorship: Pall.

Paeonia lithophila

authorship: Kotov

Paeonia multifida

authorship: Gueldenst.

Paeonia tenuifolia f. brevifolia

authorship: (Prodan & Borza) Borza

Paeonia tenuifolia f. latisecta

authorship: (Neilr.) Borza

Paeonia tenuifolia f. parviflora

authorship: (Huth) Borza

name: Paeonia tenuifolia subsp. biebersteiniana

authorship: (Rupr.) Halda

authorship: (Rupr.) Takht.

Paeonia tenuifolia var. biebersteiniana

authorship: (Rupr.) N.Busch

Paeonia tenuifolia var. brevifolia

authorship: Prodan & Borza

Paeonia tenuifolia var. hybrida

authorship: (Pall.) Lipsky

Paeonia tenuifolia var. laciniata

authorship: Salm-Dyck

Paeonia tenuifolia var. latisecta

authorship: Neilr.

Paeonia tenuifolia var. parviflora

authorship: Huth

codes: ALT NCS TCS BUL RUE KRY YUG ROM RUS

Altay

code: ALT

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Bulgaria

code: BUL

East European Russia

code: RUE

Krym

code: KRY

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2009 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 细叶芍药 細葉芍藥

names:
Воронец
Пион тонколистный

names: Півонія тонколиста

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness

value: Apr-Jun


slug: paepalanthus-alpinus

scientific: Paepalanthus alpinus

authorship: Körn.

genus: Paepalanthus

epithet: alpinus

family: Eriocaulaceae

Dupatya alpina

authorship: (Körn.) Kuntze

Paepalanthus columbiensis

authorship: Ruhland

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

climate: montane tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 284 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Cardita
Estrella de Páramo

source: GIFT

label: Life form

value: chamaephyte

authors: Körn.

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-anceps

scientific: Paepalanthus anceps

authorship: (Walter) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: anceps

preferred: whitehead bogbutton

Eriocaulon anceps

authorship: Walter

Eriocaulon villosum

authorship: Michx.

Lachnocaulon anceps

authorship: (Walter) Morong

Lachnocaulon anceps f. glabrescens

authorship: Moldenke

Lachnocaulon floridanum

authorship: Small

Lachnocaulon michauxii

authorship: Kunth

codes: ALA FLA GEO LOU MSI NCA SCA TEN TEX VRG CUB

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1135 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
common bogbuttons
whitehead bogbutton

source: USDA PLANTS

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Life cycle

authors: (Walter) Christenh. & Byng

published_in: Global Fl. 4: 69

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol LAAN

license: public domain

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: paepalanthus-beyrichianus

scientific: Paepalanthus beyrichianus

authorship: (Sporl. ex Körn.) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: beyrichianus

preferred: southern bogbutton

Lachnocaulon beyrichianum

authorship: Sporl. ex Körn.

codes: FLA GEO NCA SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 240 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Southern Bog Button
Southern Bog-Button

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: (Sporl. ex Körn.) Christenh. & Byng

note: common name, checklist symbol LABE

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-chiquitensis

scientific: Paepalanthus chiquitensis

authorship: Herzog

epithet: chiquitensis

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.  20: 86 (1924)

Dupatya speciosa

authorship: (Bong.) Kuntze

Eriocaulon speciosum

authorship: Bong.

Paepalanthus erectifolius var. glaber

authorship: Silveira

name: Paepalanthus erectifolius var. grandifolius

Paepalanthus giganteus

authorship: Sano

Paepalanthus speciosus

authorship: (Bong.) Körn.

name: Paepalanthus speciosus var. angustifolius

name: Paepalanthus speciosus var. pulverulentus

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 139 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Herzog

published_in: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: 86

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-costaricensis

scientific: Paepalanthus costaricensis

authorship: Moldenke ex Standl.

epithet: costaricensis

published_in: Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.  18: 147 (1937)

codes: COS ECU PAN VEN

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Ecuador

code: ECU

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

authors: Moldenke ex Standl.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-digynus

scientific: Paepalanthus digynus

authorship: (Körn.) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: digynus

preferred: pineland bogbutton

Lachnocaulon diandrum

authorship: Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.

Lachnocaulon digynum

authorship: Körn.

codes: ALA FLA LOU MSI TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Florida

code: FLA

Louisiana

code: LOU

authors: (Körn.) Christenh. & Byng

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol LADI5

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-engleri

scientific: Paepalanthus engleri

authorship: (Ruhland) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: engleri

preferred: Engler's bogbutton

Eriocaulon maritimum

authorship: Chapm. ex Moldenke

Lachnocaulon engleri

authorship: Ruhland

Lachnocaulon maritimum

authorship: Torr. ex Moldenke

codes: ALA FLA

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Ruhland) Christenh. & Byng

note: common name, checklist symbol LAEN

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-fluviatilis

scientific: Paepalanthus fluviatilis

authorship: (Aubl.) Christenh. & Byng

epithet: fluviatilis

Eriocaulon amplexicaule

authorship: Rottb.

Eriocaulon sphagnoides

authorship: Poepp. ex Körn.

Hyphydra amplexicaulis

authorship: (Rottb.) Vahl

Hyphydra fluviatilis

authorship: (Aubl.) Schreb. ex Forsyth f.

Tonina fluviatilis

authorship: Aubl.

Tonina fluviatilis f. obtusifolia

authorship: Moldenke

codes: MXG MXT BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS CUB ECU FRG GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Belize

code: BLZ

Colombia

code: CLM

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

lifeform: hydrosubshrub or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 124 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-karstenii

scientific: Paepalanthus karstenii

epithet: karstenii

Dupatya karstenii

authorship: (Ruhland) Gleason

codes: BOL CLM VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Venezuela

code: VEN

authors: Ruhland

published_in: Pflanzenr. 4, Fam. 30: 155

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-lodiculoides

scientific: Paepalanthus lodiculoides

epithet: lodiculoides

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  68: 68 (1940)

name: Paepalanthus lodiculoides var. floccosus

name: Paepalanthus lodiculoides var. lodiculoides

codes: CLM ECU PER VEN

Ecuador

code: ECU

lifeform: subshrub

authors: Moldenke

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 68

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-pilosus

scientific: Paepalanthus pilosus

authorship: (Kunth) Kunth

epithet: pilosus

Dupatya pilosa

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Dupatya selaginoides

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Eriocaulon pilosum

authorship: Kunth

Eriocaulon selaginoides

authorship: Benth.

Paepalanthus karstenii var. subsessilis

authorship: (Moldenke) Moldenke

Paepalanthus kupperi

authorship: Suess.

Paepalanthus selaginoides

authorship: (Benth.) Körn.

codes: CLM COS ECU PAN PER VEN

Costa Rica

code: COS

Panamá

code: PAN

authors: Kunth

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-polyanthus

scientific: Paepalanthus polyanthus

authorship: (Bong.) Kunth

epithet: polyanthus

Actinocephalus polyanthus

authorship: (Bong.) Sano

name: Actinocephalus polyanthus var. polyanthus

Dupatya brasiliensis

authorship: (Mart.) Kuntze

Dupatya martiana

authorship: (Körn.) Kuntze

Dupatya polyantha

authorship: (Bong.) Kuntze

Eriocaulon brasiliense

authorship: Mart.

Eriocaulon gardneri

authorship: Steud.

Eriocaulon polyanthum

authorship: Bong.

Paepalanthus brasiliensis

authorship: (Mart.) Mart.

Paepalanthus brifrons var. fusciora

authorship: Silveira

Paepalanthus martianus

authorship: Körn.

Paepalanthus oliveirae

authorship: Ruhland

Paepalanthus polyanthus f. villosus

authorship: (Beauverd) Moldenke & L.B.Sm.

Paepalanthus polyanthus var. villosus

authorship: Beauverd

Paepalanthus speciosus

authorship: Gardner

codes: BZE BZS BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 107 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paepalanthus-ramosus

scientific: Paepalanthus ramosus

authorship: (Wikstr.) Kunth

epithet: ramosus

Actinocephalus ramosus

authorship: (Wikstr.) Sano

Dupatya ramosa

authorship: (Wikstr.) Kuntze

Eriocaulon maximiliani

authorship: Schrad.

Eriocaulon ramosum

authorship: Wikstr.

Paepalanthus maximiliani

authorship: (Schrad. ex Schult.) Kunth

Paepalanthus ramosus var. affinis

authorship: (Bong.) Ruhland

codes: BZE BZL


slug: paesia-scaberula

scientific: Paesia scaberula

authorship: (A.Rich.) Kuhn

genus: Paesia

epithet: scaberula

family: Dennstaedtiaceae

published_in: Chaetopterides 27 (1882)

preferred: Hard fern

Allosorus scaberulus

authorship: (A.Rich.) C.Presl

Cincinalis scaberula

authorship: Trevis.

Ornithopteris scaberula

authorship: (A.Rich.) J.Sm.

Pteris scaberula

authorship: Rich.

codes: CTM NZN NZS

Chatham Is.

code: CTM

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

New Zealand North

code: NZN

New Zealand South

code: NZS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2005 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Pteridium aquilinum

slug: pteridium-aquilinum

species: Athyrium filix-femina

slug: athyrium-filix-femina

authors: (A.Rich.) Kuhn

published_in: Chaetopterides 27

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: painteria-elachistophylla

scientific: Painteria elachistophylla

authorship: (A.Gray ex S.Watson) Britton & Rose

genus: Painteria

epithet: elachistophylla

family: Fabaceae

Painteria compacta

authorship: (Rose) Britton & Rose

Pithecellobium compactum

authorship: Rose

Pithecellobium elachistophyllum

authorship: A.Gray ex S.Watson

Pithecellobium purpusii

authorship: Brandegee

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 63 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: tree

authors: Britton & Rose

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: pajanelia-longifolia

scientific: Pajanelia longifolia

authorship: (Willd.) K.Schum.

genus: Pajanelia

epithet: longifolia

family: Bignoniaceae

Bignonia indica

authorship: Lour.

Bignonia longifolia

authorship: Willd.

Bignonia macrostachya

authorship: Wall. ex G.Don

Bignonia multijuga

authorship: Wall.

Pajanelia multijuga

authorship: (Wall.) DC.

Pajanelia rheedei

authorship: Wight

codes: AND BAN BOR IND MLY MYA SRL SUM THA

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Bangladesh

code: BAN

region: Indian Subcontinent

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

India

code: IND

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

lifeform: tree

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Eonycteris spelaea
Macroglossus sobrinus

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

value: woody

value: phanerophyte

label: Height

value: evergreen

authors: (Willd.) K.Schum.

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 4, Abt. 3b: 244

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: pakau-pennigera

scientific: Pakau pennigera

authorship: (G.Forst.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.

genus: Pakau

epithet: pennigera

family: Thelypteridaceae

preferred: Lime Fern

Aspidium cunninghamii

authorship: Kunze

Aspidium novae-zeelandiae

authorship: Ettingsh.

Aspidium pennigerum

authorship: (G.Forst.) Sw.

Cyclosorus pennigerus

authorship: (G.Forst.) Ching

Cyclosorus pennigerus var. hamiltonii

authorship: (Colenso) Crookes

Dryopteris pennigera

authorship: (Forst.) C.Chr.

Dryopteris pennigera var. hamiltonii

authorship: (Colenso) Cheeseman

Goniopteris pennigera

authorship: (G.Forst.) J.Sm.

Nephrodium pennigerum

authorship: (G.Forst.) C.Presl

Phegopteris cunninghamii

authorship: Mett.

Phegopteris pennigera

authorship: (G.Forst.) Alderw.

Pneumatopteris pennigera

authorship: (G.Forst.) Holttum

Polypodium pennigerum var. giganteum

authorship: Colenso

Polystichum pennigerum

authorship: (G.Forst.) Gaudich.

Thelypteris pennigera

authorship: (G.Forst.) Allan

codes: CTM NSW NZN NZS QLD TAS VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

lifeform: epiphytic rhizomatous subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1985 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Gully Fern
Lime Fern

names: Pakauroharoha Piupiu

authors: (G.Forst.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.

published_in: Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 62

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: palafoxia-arida

scientific: Palafoxia arida

authorship: B.L.Turner & M.I.Morris

genus: Palafoxia

epithet: arida

preferred: desert palafox

Palafoxia arida var. gigantea

authorship: (M.E.Jones) B.L.Turner & M.I.Morris

codes: ARI CAL MXE MXN NEV UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

California

code: CAL

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1984 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
desert palafox
Spanish needle

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Allograpta
Alypia ridingsii
Anthocharis sara
Anthophora californica
Anthophora urbana
Apis mellifera
Attalus serraticornis

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Brephidium exilis
Eupompha elegans
Nathalis iole

partners:
Anthophora urbana
Homoeosoma electella
Pogonomyrmex californicus
Xerospermophilus tereticaudus

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

value: subshrub

value: annual

authors: B.L.Turner & M.I.Morris

published_in: Madroño 23: 79

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: palafoxia-callosa

scientific: Palafoxia callosa

authorship: (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: callosa

preferred: Small Palafox

english:
Small Palafox
small palafox

Florestina callosa

authorship: (Nutt.) DC.

Othake callosum

authorship: (Nutt.) Bush

Palafoxia callosa var. bella

authorship: Shinners

Polypteris callosa

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Gray

Stevia callosa

authorship: Cerv.

authorship: Nutt.

codes: ARK MXE MSO TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Missouri

code: MSO

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1745 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Brephidium exilis
Dione vanillae
Nathalis iole

partners:
Dioprosopa clavatus
Zerene cesonia

label: Flowering months

value: Jun-Oct

label: Fruit type

value: achene

authors: (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 2: 369


slug: palafoxia-hookeriana

scientific: Palafoxia hookeriana

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: hookeriana

preferred: sand palafox

Othake hookerianum

authorship: Bush

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 263 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Torr. & A.Gray

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 2: 368


slug: palafoxia-integrifolia

scientific: Palafoxia integrifolia

epithet: integrifolia

preferred: coastal plain palafox

codes: FLA GEO

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 788 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
coastal plain palafox
Coastalplain Palafox

partners:
Dielis dorsata
Epimelissodes aegis
Eumenes fraternus
Trigonopeltastes delta
Utetheisa ornatrix

partners:
Dielis dorsata
Eumenes fraternus
Polistes dorsalis
Strangalia sexnotata

partners:
Dielis dorsata
Eumenes fraternus


slug: palafoxia-lindenii

scientific: Palafoxia lindenii

epithet: lindenii

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 120 (1852)

Polypteris lindenii

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 120


slug: palafoxia-linearis

scientific: Palafoxia linearis

authorship: Lag.

epithet: linearis

Ageratum lineare

authorship: Cav.

Stevia linearis

authorship: Willd.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 232 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

authors: Lag.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 26

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palafoxia-reverchonii

scientific: Palafoxia reverchonii

authorship: (Bush) Cory

epithet: reverchonii

preferred: Reverchon's palafox

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 34 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Bush) Cory

published_in: Rhodora 48: 86


slug: palafoxia-rosea

scientific: Palafoxia rosea

epithet: rosea

preferred: rosy palafox

Palafoxia macrolepis

authorship: (Rydb.) Cory

Palafoxia texana var. macrolepis

authorship: (Rydb.) Shinners

Polypteris rosea

authorship: Small

codes: COL KAN NWM OKL TEX WYO

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

New Mexico

code: NWM

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 249 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rosy palafox
pink palafoxia


slug: palafoxia-sphacelata

scientific: Palafoxia sphacelata

authorship: (Nutt. ex Torr.) Cory

epithet: sphacelata

preferred: othake

Othake sphacelatum

authorship: Rydb.

Polypteris sphacelata

authorship: Trel.

Stevia sphacelata

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr.

codes: COL KAN MXE MXN NEB NWM OKL TEX

Nebraska

code: NEB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 287 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Nutt. ex Torr.) Cory


slug: palafoxia-texana

scientific: Palafoxia texana

authorship: DC.

epithet: texana

preferred: Texas palafox

Othake roseum var. robustum

authorship: (Rydb.) Ammerman

Palafoxia rosea var. ambigua

authorship: Shinners

codes: FLA LOU MXC MXG MXE TEX

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Central

code: MXC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 382 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anteos maerula
Danaus gilippus
Danaus plexippus

authors: DC.


slug: palamocladium-leskeoides

scientific: Palamocladium leskeoides

authorship: (Hook.) E.Britton

genus: Palamocladium

epithet: leskeoides

family: Brachytheciaceae

preferred: palamocladium moss

Brachythecium brevirameum

authorship: Cardot

Brachythecium mittenii

authorship: E.Britton & Renauld

Brachythecium scabripes

authorship: Dixon & Thér.

Eurhynchium macrostegium

authorship: (Sull. & Lesq.) A.Jaeger

Homalothecium afrostriatum

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Ochyra

Homalothecium boivinianum

authorship: Besch.

Homalothecium boivinii

authorship: Besch. ex Kindb.

Homalothecium bonplandii

authorship: (Arn.) Spruce

Homalothecium excavatum

authorship: Dixon & Sakurai

Homalothecium involvens

authorship: (Broth.) Paris

Homalothecium leskeoides

authorship: (Hook.) H.Rob.

Homalothecium longicuspis

authorship: Broth.

Homalothecium macrostegium

authorship: (Sull. & Lesq.) Paris

Homalothecium mexicanum

authorship: Thér.

Homalothecium nilgheriense

authorship: (Mont.) H.Rob.

Homalothecium sciureum

authorship: (Mitt.) Besch.

Hookeria leskeoides

authorship: Hook.

Hypnum bonplandii

authorship: Arn.

Hypnum macrostegium

authorship: Sull. & Lesq.

Hypnum nilgheriense

authorship: (Mont.) Müll.Hal.

Hypnum sciureum

authorship: Mitt.

Isothecium nilgheriense

authorship: Mont.

Leucodon sericeus

authorship: (A.Jaeger) Hornsch.

Leucodon sericeus var. afrostriatus

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Paris

Orthothecium nilgheriense

authorship: (Mont.) A.Jaeger ex Paris

name: Orthothecium nilgheriense var. ceylanicum

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger ex Paris

Palamocladium boivinianum

authorship: (Besch.) Müll.Hal.

Palamocladium bonplandii

authorship: (Arn.) Broth.

Palamocladium macrostegium

authorship: (Sull. & Lesq.) Z.Iwats. & Takaki

name: Palamocladium macrostegium f. filirameum

authorship: (Takaki) Takaki & Z.Iwats.

name: Palamocladium macrostegium f. pilifolium

authorship: (Toyama) Takaki & Z.Iwats.

name: Palamocladium macrostegium var. excavatum

authorship: (Dixon & Sakurai) Takaki & Z.Iwats.

Palamocladium nilgheriense f. luzonense

authorship: (Broth.) Nog. & Z.Iwats.

name: Palamocladium nilgheriense var. ceylanicum

Palamocladium sciureum

authorship: (Mitt.) Broth.

Palamocladium sciureum var. excavatum

authorship: (Dixon & Sakurai) Wijk & Margad.

Palamocladium sericeum

authorship: (A.Jaeger) Müll.Hal.

name: Palamocladium sericeum var. afrostriatum

Palamocladium subsericeum

authorship: Broth. & Paris

Pleuropus boivinianus

authorship: (Besch.) Broth.

Pleuropus fenestratus

authorship: Griff.

Pleuropus involvens

authorship: (Broth.) Broth.

Pleuropus leskeoides

authorship: (Hook.) Steere

Pleuropus nilgheriensis

authorship: (Mont.) Cardot

Pleuropus sciureus

authorship: (Mitt.) Toyama

Pleuropus sciureus f. filirameus

authorship: Takaki

Pleuropus sciureus f. pilifolius

authorship: Toyama

Pleuropus sciureus var. excavatus

authorship: (Dixon & Sakurai) Takaki

Pleuropus sericeus

authorship: (A.Jaeger) Broth.

Pleuropus sericeus var. afrostriatus

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Dixon

Pleuropus subsericeus

authorship: (Broth. & Paris) Broth.

value: nonvascular

value: lithophyte

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: palaquium-ellipticum

scientific: Palaquium ellipticum

authorship: (Dalzell) Baill.

genus: Palaquium

epithet: ellipticum

family: Sapotaceae

published_in: Traité Bot. Méd. Phan. : 1500 (1884)

Bassia elliptica

authorship: Dalzell

Croixia elliptica

authorship: (Dalzell) Baehni

Dichopsis elliptica

authorship: Benth. & Hook.f.

Isonandra acuminata

authorship: Lindl. ex Drury

India

code: IND

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: (Dalzell) Baill.

published_in: Traite Bot. Méd. Phan. 1500

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palaquium-formosanum

scientific: Palaquium formosanum

authorship: Hayata

epithet: formosanum

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 184 (1911)

Croixia formosana

authorship: (Hayata) Baehni

codes: TAI PHI

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

Philippines

code: PHI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 164 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names: 台湾胶木 大葉山欖

authors: Hayata

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(Art. 1):  184

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: palaquium-galactoxylum

scientific: Palaquium galactoxylum

epithet: galactoxylum

published_in: Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 7: 107 (1925)

preferred: Cairns pencil cedar

english:
Cairns pencil cedar
Daintree maple

Galactoxylon pierrei

authorship: Baill.

Lucuma galactoxyla

authorship: (F.Muell.) F.M.Bailey

Lucuma galactoxylon

authorship: (F.Muell.) F.Muell.

name: Palaquium galactoxylum var. galactoxylum

Palaquium galactoxylum var. salomonense

authorship: (C.T.White) P.Royen

Sersalisia galactoxylon

authorship: F.Muell. ex Benth.

codes: BIS NWG SOL QLD

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

New Guinea

code: NWG

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

Queensland

code: QLD

names:
Cairns pencil cedar
Daintree maple

label: Leaf retention

value: deciduous

published_in: Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. III, vii. 107 (1925)

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: palaquium-ravii

scientific: Palaquium ravii

authorship: Sasidh. & Vink

epithet: ravii

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

authors: Sasidh. & Vink


slug: palhinhaea-cernua

scientific: Palhinhaea cernua

authorship: (L.) Vasc. & Franco

genus: Palhinhaea

epithet: cernua

family: Lycopodiaceae

preferred: staghorn clubmoss

source: inat

Lepidotis cernua

authorship: (L.) P.Beauv.

Lycopodiella cernua

authorship: (L.) Pic.Serm.

Lycopodiella cernua var. caboverdeana

authorship: (Gilli) O.Eriksson, A.Hansen & Sunding

Lycopodiella cernua var. capillacea

authorship: (Willd.) D.Heller

Lycopodiella cernua var. sikkimensis

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh

Lycopodium capillaceum

authorship: Spring

Lycopodium cernuum

authorship: L.

Lycopodium cernuum f. durissimum

authorship: Herter ex Nessel

Lycopodium cernuum f. ingens

authorship: B.C.Tan & Tolentino

Lycopodium cernuum f. macrostachyum

authorship: Christ

Lycopodium cernuum f. sikkimense

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) H.S.Kung

Lycopodium cernuum var. blancheanum

authorship: Stehlé

Lycopodium cernuum var. caboverdeanum

authorship: Gilli

Lycopodium cernuum var. capillaceum

authorship: (Spring) Nessel

Lycopodium cernuum var. marianum

authorship: (Willd.) Baker

Lycopodium cernuum var. panamense

authorship: Wercklé ex Nessel

Lycopodium cernuum var. seychellarum

authorship: Nessel

Lycopodium cernuum var. sikkimense

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) C.B.Clarke

Lycopodium cernuum var. suffruticosum

authorship: Alderw.

Lycopodium cernuum var. vulcanicum

authorship: (Blume) Herter

Lycopodium cymosum

authorship: (Fée) L'Herm. ex Hieron.

Lycopodium dichotomum

authorship: Blanco

Lycopodium ericinum

authorship: Ces.

Lycopodium marianum

authorship: Willd.

Lycopodium polycephalum

authorship: Colenso

Lycopodium salakense

authorship: Treub

Lycopodium suffruticosum

authorship: (Alderw.) Herter

Lycopodium veneris

authorship: Herter

Lycopodium vulcanicum

authorship: Blume

Palhinhaea capillacea

authorship: (Spring) Holub

Palhinhaea cernua f. laxa

authorship: (Blume) Satou

Palhinhaea cernua var. lanceolata

authorship: Gias & Pasha

Palhinhaea cernua var. pendula

authorship: (Hook.) N.C.Nair & S.R.Ghosh

Palhinhaea cernua var. sikkimensis

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Ching

Palhinhaea mariana

authorship: (Willd.) Holub

Palhinhaea polycephala

authorship: (Colenso) Holub

Palhinhaea salakensis

authorship: (Treub) Holub

Palhinhaea suffruticosa

authorship: (Alderw.) Holub

codes: ANG ASC AZO BEN BUR CMN CPP CVI CAF COM ZAI EQG SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN NAT LBR MDG MDR MLW MLI MAU MOZ NGA TVL ROD RWA REU SEN SEY SIE STH SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM CHC CHS CHH JAP KZN KOR NNS OGA TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BIS BOR EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PHI SOL SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM KER NSW NZN NZS NFK NTA QLD WAU ALA ARK FLA GEO LOU MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS MSI SCA TEX CRL COO FIJ HAW MRN MRQ NWC SAM SCI TON TUA TUB VAN WAL AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GAL GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT URU VEN VNA WIN

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Ascension

code: ASC

region: Middle Atlantic Ocean

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Comoros

code: COM

region: Western Indian Ocean

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Gabon

code: GAB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1926 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 垂穗石松 垂穗石松（灯笼草）

names: Плаунок поникший

names: rimarimatäfa’i, mai’u’utäfa’i, ’äero ’üri, ’äero mïmï


slug: palhinhaea-torta

scientific: Palhinhaea torta

authorship: (Sieber ex Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) Christenh.

epithet: torta

Lycopodiella torta

authorship: (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) B.Øllg.

Lycopodium tortum

authorship: Sieber ex Underw. & F.E.Lloyd

Windward Is.

code: WIN

region: Caribbean

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 76 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: paliavana-prasinata

scientific: Paliavana prasinata

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Benth.

genus: Paliavana

epithet: prasinata

family: Gesneriaceae

Codonophora grandiflora

authorship: Lindl.

Codonophora prasinata

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Lindl.

Codonophora selloana

authorship: Hanst.

Codonophora selloi

authorship: Hanst. ex Benth. & Hook.f.

Gesneria prasinata

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Gesneria tweediana

authorship: Hort. ex Hanst.

Gesneria tweedieana

authorship: hort. ex Hanst.

Gloxinia arborea

authorship: Colla

Gloxinia fruticosa

authorship: Dehnh.

Paliavana racemosa

authorship: (Vell.) Fritsch

Prasanthea paniculata

authorship: Decne.

Rhytidophyllum prasinatum

authorship: Mart. ex Steud.

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

region: Brazil

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Anoura caudifer
Glossophaga soricina

authors: (Ker Gawl.) Benth. & Hook.f.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: paliavana-sericiflora

scientific: Paliavana sericiflora

authorship: Benth.

epithet: sericiflora

Paliavana lasiantha

authorship: Wiehler

partners:
Augastes scutatus
Campylopterus largipennis
Colibri serrirostris
Heliomaster squamosus
Phaethornis pretrei

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: Benth. & Hook.f.


slug: palicourea-acuminata

scientific: Palicourea acuminata

authorship: (Benth.) Borhidi

genus: Palicourea

epithet: acuminata

Psychotria urophylla

authorship: Schltdl.

Uragoga acuminata

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Uragoga urophylla

authorship: (Schltdl.) Kuntze

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ BZN CLM COS CUB ECU FRG GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Brazil North

code: BZN

Colombia

code: CLM

region: Western South America

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 108 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Catharus fuscescens
Catharus minimus
Catharus ustulatus
Chiroxiphia linearis
Lepidothrix coronata
Pipra mentalis


slug: palicourea-adusta

scientific: Palicourea adusta

authorship: Standl.

epithet: adusta

published_in: J. Washington Acad. Sci.  18: 279 (1928)

codes: COS NIC PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Standl.

published_in: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 18: 279

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-alba

scientific: Palicourea alba

authorship: (Aubl.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

epithet: alba

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas  10: 412 (2016)

Callicocca alba

authorship: (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel.

Cephaelis alba

authorship: (Aubl.) Willd.

Gamotopea alba

authorship: (Aubl.) Bremek.

Geocardia picta

authorship: (Rolfe) Standl.

Geophila paraensis

authorship: Huber ex Standl.

Geophila picta

authorship: Rolfe

Psychotria ulviformis

authorship: Steyerm.

Tapogomea alba

authorship: Aubl.

Uragoga alba

authorship: (Aubl.) Kuntze

codes: BZN BZC CLM ECU FRG GUY PER SUR VEN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (Aubl.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 10(2): 412

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-angustifolia

scientific: Palicourea angustifolia

authorship: Kunth

epithet: angustifolia

name: Palicourea angustifolia var. glabricaulis

name: Palicourea angustifolia var. querceticola

authorship: (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Steyerm.

Palicourea intermedia

authorship: Oerst. ex Polak.

Palicourea lanceolata

authorship: Oerst.

Palicourea moritzii

authorship: Wernham

Palicourea querceticola

authorship: K.Schum. & K.Krause

Psychotria stenophylla

authorship: Spreng.

Uragoga candelariae

authorship: Kuntze

Uragoga stenophylla

authorship: (Spreng.) Kuntze

codes: CLM COS ECU PAN PER VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 264 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Adelomyia melanogenys
Aglaiocercus kingii
Chaetocercus mulsant
Coeligena coeligena
Colibri cyanotus
Haplophaedia aureliae
Heliangelus exortis
Ocreatus underwoodii

partners:
Amazona mercenarius
Ampelioides tschudii
Anisognathus somptuosus
Arremon assimilis
Arremon brunneinucha
Artibeus phaeotis
Atlapetes albinucha
Atlapetes latinuchus

value: 6 m

authors: Kunth


slug: palicourea-apoda

scientific: Palicourea apoda

authorship: (Steyerm.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

epithet: apoda

Callicocca violacea

authorship: (Aubl.) Forsyth f.

Cephaelis violacea

authorship: (Aubl.) Sw.

Cephaelis violacea var. latifolia

authorship: Miq.

Uragoga violacea

authorship: (Aubl.) Pulle

codes: BZN CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 109 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Steyerm.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-argentinensis

scientific: Palicourea argentinensis

authorship: (Bacigalupo) C.M.Taylor

epithet: argentinensis

Psychotria argentinensis

authorship: Bacigalupo

codes: AGW BOL

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

region: Southern South America

Bolivia

code: BOL

value: chamaephyte

authors: (Bacigalupo) C.M.Taylor

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-axillaris

scientific: Palicourea axillaris

authorship: (Sw.) Borhidi

epithet: axillaris

Callicocca axillaris

authorship: (Sw.) Forsyth f.

Cephaelis axillaris

authorship: Sw.

Cephaelis cacuminis

authorship: Steyerm.

Evea axillaris

authorship: (Sw.) Standl.

name: Psychotria aubletiana var. centro-americana

Tapogomea axillaris

authorship: (Sw.) Poir.

Uragoga axillaris

authorship: (Sw.) Kuntze

codes: MXT MXS CLM COS ECU ELS GUA GUY HON LEE NIC PAN PER TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

region: Mexico

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 151 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-berteroana

scientific: Palicourea berteroana

authorship: (DC.) Borhidi

epithet: berteroana

Nonatelia pubescens

authorship: Spreng.

Palicourea izabalensis

authorship: (L.O.Williams) Borhidi

Psychotria berteroana

authorship: DC.

name: Psychotria berteroana subsp. venezuelica

Psychotria crebrinervia

authorship: Standl.

Psychotria hebecladoides

authorship: Griseb.

Psychotria platyphylla var. angustior

authorship: Urb.

Uragoga berteroana

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Uragoga hebecladoides

authorship: (Griseb.) Kuntze

codes: MXC MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN CLM COS CUB DOM ECU GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PER PUE TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Belize

code: BLZ

Brazil North

code: BZN

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Jamaica

code: JAM

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 163 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Loxigilla portoricensis
Spindalis portoricensis

partners:
Coereba flaveola
Euphonia musica
Icterus portoricensis
Margarops fuscatus
Melanospiza bicolor
Melopyrrha portoricensis
Molothrus bonariensis
Patagioenas squamosa


slug: palicourea-boqueronensis

scientific: Palicourea boqueronensis

authorship: (Wernham) C.M.Taylor

epithet: boqueronensis

Coffea spicata

authorship: Kunth

Psychotria boqueronensis

authorship: Wernham

Rudgea spicata

authorship: (Kunth) Spreng.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 132 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Amarilla Cacaíto

authors: (Wernham) C.M.Taylor

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-brachiata

scientific: Palicourea brachiata

authorship: (Sw.) Borhidi

epithet: brachiata

preferred: palo de cachimbo

Myrstiphyllum brachiatum

authorship: (Sw.) C.L.Hitchc.

Psychotria brachiata

authorship: Sw.

codes: MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS CUB DOM ECU GUA HAI HON JAM NIC PAN PUE TRT

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 165 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Ikeria
Mal aire panka

value: tree

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: palicourea-bracteocardia

scientific: Palicourea bracteocardia

authorship: (DC.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

epithet: bracteocardia

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas  10: 414 (2016)

Cephaelis pubescens

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Schult.

Cephaelis sylvatica

authorship: Bremek.

Psychotria bracteocardia

authorship: (DC.) Müll.Arg.

Psychotria ctenophora

authorship: Steyerm.

Uragoga pubescens

authorship: (Hoffmanns. ex Schult.) Urb.

Uragoga simulans

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze

codes: BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM FRG GUY PER SUR TRT VEN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: woody

authors: (DC.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 10(2): 414


slug: palicourea-brenesii

scientific: Palicourea brenesii

authorship: Standl.

epithet: brenesii

published_in: Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.  18: 1333 (1938)

Palicourea talamancana

authorship: Standl. & L.O.Williams

Costa Rica

code: COS

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-calophylla

scientific: Palicourea calophylla

authorship: DC.

epithet: calophylla

Uragoga callophylla

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

codes: BZN ECU FRG GUY PER SUR VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Ecuador

code: ECU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 48 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 5 m

value: berry

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-chiriquiensis

scientific: Palicourea chiriquiensis

authorship: (Standl.) Borhidi

epithet: chiriquiensis

Psychotria chiriquiensis

authorship: (Standl.) C.M.Taylor

codes: COS PAN

authors: (Standl.) Borhidi

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: palicourea-colorata

scientific: Palicourea colorata

authorship: (Hoffmanns. ex Willd.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

epithet: colorata

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas  10: 416 (2016)

Cephaelis colorata

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Willd.

Cephaelis glabrescens

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Standl.

Cephaelis rosea

authorship: Benth.

Palicourea rosea

authorship: (Benth.) Borhidi

Palicourea rosea var. trichophora

authorship: (Steyerm.) Borhidi

Psychotria colorata

authorship: (Hoffmanns. ex Willd.) Müll.Arg.

Psychotria colorata subsp. megapontica

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Steyerm.

Psychotria rosea

authorship: (Benth.) Müll.Arg.

Uragoga colorata

authorship: (Hoffmanns. ex Willd.) Kuntze

Uragoga rosea

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZC CLM FRG GUY PER SUR VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 339 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Attila spadiceus
Celeus elegans
Ceratopipra rubrocapilla
Chiroxiphia pareola
Cyanerpes caeruleus
Lepidothrix iris
Lophotriccus galeatus
Mionectes macconnelli

authors: (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

published_in: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 10(2): 416


slug: palicourea-concinna

scientific: Palicourea concinna

authorship: (Oliv.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.

epithet: concinna

Psychotria concinna

authorship: Oliv.

codes: BZN GUY VEN

authors: (Oliv.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.


slug: palicourea-coriacea

scientific: Palicourea coriacea

authorship: (Cham.) K.Schum.

epithet: coriacea

Cephaelis coriacea

authorship: (Cham.) D.Dietr.

Patabea coriacea

authorship: Cham.

Uragoga xanthophylla

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze

codes: BOL BZS BZL BZC

Brazil South

code: BZS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: douradinhasp erva-de-rato-grande

value: subshrub

published_in: Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 4, Abt. 4: 115


slug: palicourea-correae

scientific: Palicourea correae

authorship: (Dwyer & M.V.Hayden) Borhidi

epithet: correae

Cephaelis correae

authorship: Dwyer & M.V.Hayden

Psychotria correae

authorship: (Dwyer & M.V.Hayden) C.M.Taylor

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 85 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Dwyer & M.V.Hayden) Borhidi

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-crocea

scientific: Palicourea crocea

authorship: (Sw.) Schult.

epithet: crocea

preferred: red cappel

Galvania vandellii

authorship: Spreng.

Galvania vellosii

authorship: Schult.

Palicourea coccinea

authorship: Poit. ex DC.

Palicourea crocea f. citriflora

authorship: Chodat & Hassl.

Palicourea crocea var. tenuiflora

authorship: Griseb.

Palicourea pachypodina

authorship: Standl.

Palicourea platypodina

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Standl.

Palicourea subulata

authorship: Huber

Psychotria bicolor

authorship: Bredem. ex Schult.

Psychotria crocea

authorship: Sw.

Psychotria cubajensis

authorship: Schltr.

Psychotria cujabensis

authorship: Schltdl.

Psychotria pallida

authorship: Willd. ex Steud.

Uragoga crocea

authorship: (Sw.) Kuntze

Uragoga cujabensis

authorship: (Schltdl.) Kuntze

Uragoga erythrantha

authorship: Kuntze

codes: MXG MXT MXS AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Belize

code: BLZ

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 168 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Паликурея шафрановая

partners:
Anthracothorax nigricollis
Campylopterus largipennis
Chionomesa fimbriata
Chionomesa lactea
Chlorestes notata
Chlorostilbon lucidus
Chlorostilbon mellisugus
Chrysuronia brevirostris

partners:
Chlorostilbon lucidus
Anthracothorax nigricollis
Campylopterus largipennis
Chionomesa fimbriata
Chionomesa lactea
Chlorestes notata
Chlorostilbon mellisugus
Chrysuronia brevirostris

partners:
Flatiris silvestris
Coereba flaveola
Euphonia musica
Icterus portoricensis
Margarops fuscatus
Melanerpes portoricensis
Melanospiza bicolor
Melopyrrha portoricensis

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 193


slug: palicourea-croceoides

scientific: Palicourea croceoides

authorship: Ham.

epithet: croceoides

published_in: Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occid. : 29 (1825)

preferred: yellow-cedar

Palicourea aurantiaca

authorship: Miq.

Palicourea crocea f. heterodoxa

authorship: Steyerm.

Palicourea crocea var. riparia

authorship: (Benth.) Griseb.

Palicourea riparia

authorship: Benth.

Psychotria croceoides

authorship: Desv.

Psychotria martii

authorship: Colla

Uragoga riparia

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Uragoga subcrocea

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze

codes: BOL BZN BZL CLM CUB DOM ECU FRG GUY HAI LEE PAR PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 244 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
yellow-cedar
Yellow Cedar

names: Паликурея шафранововидная

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: palicourea-cyanococca

scientific: Palicourea cyanococca

authorship: (Seem. ex Dombrain) Borhidi

epithet: cyanococca

Psychotria cyanocarpa

authorship: Anon.

Psychotria cyanococca

authorship: Seem. ex Dombrain

Psychotria dispersa

authorship: Standl.

name: Psychotria pittieri subsp. oinochrophylla

authorship: Dwyer

codes: MXT BLZ CLM COS ECU GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Belize

code: BLZ

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 133 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Photosynthetic pathway

authors: (Seem. ex Dombrain) Borhidi

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.