slug: fraxinus-nigra

scientific: Fraxinus nigra

authorship: Marshall

epithet: nigra

preferred: black ash

Calycomelia nigra

authorship: (Marshall) Kostel.

Fraxinoides nigra

authorship: (Marshall) Medik.

Fraxinus americana var. nigra

authorship: (Marshall) Weston

Fraxinus americana var. sambucifolia

authorship: (Lam.) D.J.Browne

Fraxinus nigra f. cucullata

authorship: (G.Kirchn.) Schelle

Fraxinus nigra var. sambucifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Castigl.

Fraxinus sambucifolia

authorship: Lam.

Fraxinus sambucifolia var. cucullata

authorship: (G.Kirchn.) Laurentius

Leptalix nigra

authorship: (Marshall) Raf.

codes: CNT DEL ILL INI IOW MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN NWH NWJ NWY NFL NDA OHI ONT PEN RHO VER WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

North Dakota

code: NDA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Vermont

code: VER

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2015 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

names:
black ash
Swamp Ash

names: Ясень чёрный

names:
Schwarz-Esche
Schwarze Esche

partners:
Entylia carinata
Ophiocordyceps clavulata
Papilio canadensis

partners:
Agrilus planipennis
Automeris io
Castor canadensis
Ceratomia undulosa
Ennomos subsignaria
Haploa confusa
Malacosoma disstria
Pseudosciaphila duplex

partners:
Chrysobothris sexsignata
Dicerca divaricata

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

value: Flowering: May-June, with the leaves or just before; fruiting: June-September, dispersed: July-October


slug: fraxinus-ornus

scientific: Fraxinus ornus

authorship: L.

genus: Fraxinus

epithet: ornus

family: Oleaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

preferred: Manna Ash

english:
Manna Ash
flowering ash

source: wikidata

Fraxinus argentea

authorship: Loisel.

Fraxinus cappadocica

authorship: Juss. ex Bosc

Fraxinus cilicica

authorship: Lingelsh.

Fraxinus diversifolia

authorship: Rochel ex Boiss.

Fraxinus excelsior var. petiolulata

authorship: (Boiss. & Kotschy) Boiss.

Fraxinus florifera

authorship: Scop.

Fraxinus halepensis

authorship: Steud.

Fraxinus mannifera

authorship: (Raf.) Steud.

Fraxinus montana

authorship: Salisb.

Fraxinus ornus f. argentea

authorship: (Loisel.) Beissn.

authorship: (Loisel.) Schelle

Fraxinus ornus f. emarginata

authorship: (Kárpáti) Jovan.-Dunj.

Fraxinus ornus f. platiptera

authorship: Jovan.

Fraxinus ornus f. rufescens

authorship: Heimerl

Fraxinus ornus subsp. argentea

authorship: (Loisel.) Arcang.

authorship: (Loisel.) Javorka

Fraxinus ornus subsp. garganica

authorship: (Ten.) Hegi

Fraxinus ornus subsp. rotundifolia

authorship: (Ten.) Arcang.

authorship: (Ten.) Nyman

authorship: (Ten.) Wesm.

Fraxinus ornus var. acuminata

authorship: Kárpáti

Fraxinus ornus var. americana

authorship: Bosc

Fraxinus ornus var. angustifolia

authorship: Ten.

Fraxinus ornus var. argentea

authorship: (Loisel.) Gren. & Godr.

Fraxinus ornus var. danubialis

authorship: Borbás

Fraxinus ornus var. diversifolia

authorship: Rochel

Fraxinus ornus var. latifolia

authorship: Aiton ex Dippel

Fraxinus ornus var. maculatovariegata

authorship: Anon.

Fraxinus ornus var. paniculata

authorship: (Mill.) Weston

Fraxinus ornus var. sanguinea

authorship: Hausm. ex Lingelsh.

Fraxinus paniculata

authorship: Mill.

Fraxinus petiolulata

authorship: Boiss. & Kotschy

Fraxinus rotundifolia var. argentea

authorship: (Loisel.) Dippel

Fraxinus theophrasti

authorship: Duhamel ex Steud.

Ornanthes florida

authorship: Raf.

Ornus cappadocica

authorship: (Juss. ex Bosc) A.Dietr.

Ornus corymbosa

authorship: Lavallée

Ornus europaea

authorship: Pers.

Ornus lanceolata

authorship: Rouy & Foucaud

Ornus ornus

authorship: (L.) H.Karst.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: LBS TCS TUR ALB AUT BUL COR CZE GRC HUN ITA YUG ROM SAR SIC SPA SWI TUE

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Western Asia

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

region: Southwestern Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

Esculin

activities: Analgesic AntiCVS Antiaging Antialopecic Antiarthritic Anticapillary-Fragility Anticellulitic Antidermatitic

Esculetin

activities: 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Analgesic Antiarrhythmic Antiasthmatic? Antibacterial Anticapillary-Fragility Antidysenteric Antiescherichic

Fraxetin

activities: Antiarthritic Antibacterial Antibronchitic Antidysenteric Antipyretic Antirheumatic Antiseptic Candidistat

Fraxin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiinflammatory Antioxidant Antiseptic Candidistat Diuretic Pesticide Sunscreen

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names: Ясен білоцвітий

names: Μελία Μελιάδι

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Anthophora dispar
Harmonia axyridis
Hylaeus communis
Lasioglossum subfasciatum
Osmia bicornis

partners:
Aceria fraxinivora
Arthrocnodax fraxinella
Halyomorpha halys
Ptenothrix beta

partners:
Agrilus convexicollis
Abraxas grossulariata
Acanalonia conica
Acanthis flammea
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acherontia atropos
Adela croesella
Aegomorphus clavipes

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: fraxinus-papillosa

scientific: Fraxinus papillosa

authorship: Lingelsh.

epithet: papillosa

preferred: Chihuahuan ash

Fraxinus velutina subsp. papillosa

authorship: (Lingelsh.) A.E.Murray

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ARI MXE MXN MXS NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

lifeform: tree

climate: desert or dry shrubland

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

license: CC-BY 4.0

names:
Chihuahuan ash
Chihuahua ash

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: tree

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Life form

value: phanerophyte

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: Lingelsh.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40(2): 219

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

field: care

field: toxicity

field: phenology

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: fraxinus-pennsylvanica

scientific: Fraxinus pennsylvanica

authorship: Marshall

epithet: pennsylvanica

preferred: green ash

source: inat

Calycomelia campestris

authorship: (Britton) Nieuwl. & Lunell

Calycomelia elliptica

authorship: (Bosc) Kostel.

Calycomelia expansa

authorship: (Willd.) Kostel.

Calycomelia lanceolata

authorship: (Borkh.) Lunell

Calycomelia pennsylvanica

authorship: (Marshall) Nieuwl.

Calycomelia pubescens

authorship: (Lam.) Kostel.

Fraxinus americana subsp. pennsylvanica

authorship: (Marshall) Wesm.

Fraxinus americana subvar. aucubifolia

authorship: (H.Jaeger) Wesm.

Fraxinus americana var. normale

authorship: Wesm.

Fraxinus americana var. pennsylvanica

authorship: (Marshall) Castigl.

authorship: (Marshall) Weston

Fraxinus americana var. pubescens

authorship: (Lam.) D.J.Browne

Fraxinus americana var. rubicunda

authorship: (Bosc) Wesm.

Fraxinus americana var. subpubescens

authorship: (Pers.) Wesm.

Fraxinus arbutifolia

authorship: Dippel

Fraxinus campestris

authorship: Britton

Fraxinus ceratifolia

authorship: Hoffmanns.

Fraxinus cinerea

authorship: Bosc

Fraxinus concolor

authorship: Muhl.

Fraxinus expansa

authorship: Willd.

Fraxinus glabra

authorship: P.Lawson ex Beissn.

authorship: Thornber

name: Fraxinus juglandifolia var. subintegerrima

authorship: Vahl

Fraxinus lanceolata

authorship: Borkh.

Fraxinus lanceolata var. lindheimeri

authorship: (Wenz.) Lingelsh.

Fraxinus lanceolata var. viridis

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Lingelsh.

Fraxinus nigra var. pubescens

authorship: (Lam.) Castigl.

Fraxinus oblongocarpa

authorship: Buckley

Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. aucubifolia

authorship: (H.Jaeger) Rehder

Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. erythrocarpa

authorship: Vict. & J.Rousseau

name: Fraxinus pennsylvanica subsp. subintegerrima

authorship: (Vahl) A.E.Murray

name: Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. austini-megaphylla

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. austinii

authorship: Fernald

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. campestris

authorship: (Britton) F.C.Gates

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. lanceolata

authorship: (Borkh.) Sarg.

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. ovata

authorship: (Bosc) K.Koch

name: Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. pennsylvanica

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. pubescens

authorship: (Lam.) Lingelsh.

name: Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. subintegerrima

authorship: (Vahl) Fernald

Fraxinus pubescens

authorship: Lam.

Fraxinus pubescens var. lindheimeri

authorship: Wenz.

Fraxinus pubescens var. ovata

authorship: (Bosc) Dippel

Fraxinus pubescens var. subpubescens

authorship: (Pers.) Pursh

Fraxinus subvillosa

authorship: Bosc ex Pers.

Fraxinus viridis var. pubescens

authorship: (Lam.) Hitchc.

Fraxinus viridis var. trialata

authorship: (Buckley) Schelle

Leptalix cinerea

authorship: (Bosc) Raf.

Leptalix expansa

authorship: (Willd.) Raf.

Leptalix pubescens

authorship: (Lam.) Raf.

codes: ALA ARK COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NDA NSC OHI OKL ONT PEN QUE RHO SAS SCA SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WVA WIS WYO

Alabama

code: ALA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2051 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: مران بنسلفاني

names: Ясень пенсильванский

names:
Frene de Pennsylvanie
Frêne de Pennsylvanie

names:
Ясен пенсильванський
Ясен пенсільванський

names: מילה פנסילוונית

partners:
Anthophora dispar
Harmonia axyridis
Lasioglossum subfasciatum

partners:
Aceria fraxiniflora
Agrilus planipennis
Anotia robertsonii
Graphocephala coccinea
Hyphantria cunea
Lignyodes horridulus
Litophallus schellenbergii
Metcalfa pruinosa

partners:
Agrilus planipennis
Hyalophora cecropia
Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Acronicta americana
Agrilus convexicollis
Automeris io
Callosamia promethea
Ceratomia undulosa

partners:
Agrilus cyanescens
Agrilus planipennis
Agrilus viridis
Anthaxia bicolor
Balcha indica
Eupelmus pini
Mymaromella pala
Oobius agrili

partners:
Hymenoscyphus albidus
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus

quote: Green ash is a native spreading, round topped tree

quote: The deciduous leaves are pinnately compound

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: fraxinus-platypoda

scientific: Fraxinus platypoda

authorship: Oliv.

epithet: platypoda

Fraxinus commemoralis

authorship: Koidz.

Fraxinus inopinata

authorship: Lingelsh.

Fraxinus longicuspis var. sambucina

authorship: (Blume) Lingelsh.

Fraxinus mandshurica var. shiojii

authorship: Kudô

Fraxinus platypoda f. nipponica

authorship: (Koidz.) Yonek.

Fraxinus sambucina

authorship: (Blume) Koidz.

Fraxinus shikokiana

authorship: Sugim.

Fraxinus sieboldiana var. sambucina

authorship: Blume

Fraxinus spaethiana f. nipponica

authorship: (Koidz.) Kurata

Fraxinus spaethiana var. nipponica

authorship: (Koidz.) H.Hara

codes: CHN CHC JAP

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

climate: temperate

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names: 象蜡树 宽果梣

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

value: shrub

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Oliv.

published_in: Hooker's Icon. Pl. 20: t. 1929

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: fraxinus-profunda

scientific: Fraxinus profunda

authorship: (Bush) Bush

epithet: profunda

preferred: pumpkin ash

Calycomelia profunda

authorship: (Bush) Nieuwl.

Calycomelia tomentosa

authorship: Kostel.

Fraxinus americana var. profunda

authorship: Bush

Fraxinus michauxii

authorship: Britton

Fraxinus pennsylvanica subsp. profunda

authorship: (Bush) A.E.Murray

Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. profunda

authorship: (Bush) Sudw.

codes: ALA ARK DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MIC MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA OHI PEN SCA TEN VRG

Alabama

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 327 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 南瓜梣 絨毛梣木


slug: fraxinus-purpusii

scientific: Fraxinus purpusii

authorship: Brandegee

epithet: purpusii

published_in: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot.  4: 90 (1910)

Fraxinus bicolor

authorship: Standl. & Steyerm.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Guatemala

code: GUA

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

climate: subtropical

authors: Brandegee

published_in: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 90

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: fraxinus-quadrangulata

scientific: Fraxinus quadrangulata

authorship: Michx.

epithet: quadrangulata

preferred: blue ash

Calycomelia quadrangulata

authorship: (Michx.) Kostel.

Fraxinus americana var. quadrangulata

authorship: (Michx.) D.J.Browne

Fraxinus quadrangularis

authorship: Lodd.

name: Fraxinus quadrangulata var. subpubescens

authorship: Wesm.

Fraxinus tetragona

authorship: Cels ex Dum.Cours.

Leptalix quadrangulata

authorship: (Michx.) Raf.

codes: ALA ARK GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MIC MIN MSI MSO OHI OKL ONT TEN VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1810 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
blue ash
four-angled ash

names: 四棱梣 藍梣

names: Ясень четерёхгранный

names: Blau-Esche Blauesche

names:
frêne anguleux
frêne bleu

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fraxinus-sieboldiana

scientific: Fraxinus sieboldiana

authorship: Blume

epithet: sieboldiana

preferred: Maries' ash

source: usda

Fraxinus angustata

authorship: (Blume) Hatus.

Fraxinus longicuspis f. lancea

authorship: Nakai

Fraxinus longicuspis var. sieboldiana

authorship: (Blume) Lingelsh.

Fraxinus longicuspis var. subintegra

authorship: Koidz.

Fraxinus sieboldiana f. latifolia

authorship: Uyeki

Fraxinus sieboldiana f. quadrijuga

authorship: (Nakai) M.Kim

Fraxinus sieboldiana f. tobana

authorship: (Honda) Koidz.

Fraxinus tobana

authorship: Honda

codes: CHS JAP KOR

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

names:
Asian flowering ash
Chinese flowering ash

names: 庐山梣 小蜡树

names: Ясень шерстистый

names: maruba-aodamo マルバアオダモ

names:
Siebolds Blumenesche
Siebolds Esche

authors: Blume

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol FRMA3

license: public domain

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fraxinus-uhdei

scientific: Fraxinus uhdei

authorship: (Wenz.) Lingelsh.

epithet: uhdei

preferred: ash

english:
ash
shamel ash
tropical ash

Fraxinus americana f. ovalifolia

authorship: Wenz.

Fraxinus cavekiana

authorship: Standl. & Steyerm.

Fraxinus chiapensis

authorship: Lundell

Fraxinus hondurensis

authorship: Standl.

Fraxinus uhdei var. pseudoperiptera

authorship: Lingelsh.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS COS GUA HON

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1298 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
ash
shamel ash

names:
Madre de agua
Urapán

names: 墨西哥梣 墨西哥白蠟

names: מילה ירוקת-עד

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Agrilus planipennis
Apis mellifera
Chamaepetes goudotii
Pitangus sulphuratus
Tropidosteptes chapingoensis
Zenaida auriculata pentheria

partners:
Ascochyta sp.
Candidatus Phytoplasma fraxini
Cladosporium sp.
Encarsia inaron
Fusarium sp.
Penicillium sp.
Verticillium albo-atrum

label: Height

category: Size


slug: fraxinus-velutina

scientific: Fraxinus velutina

authorship: Torr.

epithet: velutina

published_in: Not. Milit. Reconn. : 149 (1848)

preferred: Arizona Ash

english:
Arizona Ash
Velvet Ash
velvet ash

Fraxinus americana var. coriacea

authorship: (S.Watson) Wenz.

Fraxinus americana var. pistaciifolia

authorship: (Torr.) Wenz.

Fraxinus pennsylvanica subsp. velutina

authorship: (Torr.) G.S.Mill.

Fraxinus pistaciifolia var. coriacea

authorship: (S.Watson) A.Gray

Fraxinus pistaciifolia var. velutina

authorship: (Torr.) Sudw.

Fraxinus standleyi

authorship: Rehder

Fraxinus toumeyi

authorship: Britton

Fraxinus velutina var. coriacea

authorship: (S.Watson) Rehder

Fraxinus velutina var. toumeyi

authorship: (Britton) Rehder

codes: ARI CAL MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT NEV NWM TEX UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1576 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arizona Ash
velvet ash

names: 光叶毡毛梣 毡毛梣

partners:
Agrilus planipennis
Eupackardia calleta
Holcostethus abbreviatus
Odocoileus hemionus
Tetranychus canadensis

partners:
Encarsia inaron
Eupelmus luteipes
Tetrastichus planipennisi

type: hasHost

label: Hosts

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freesia-caryophyllacea

scientific: Freesia caryophyllacea

authorship: (Burm.f.) N.E.Br.

genus: Freesia

epithet: caryophyllacea

family: Iridaceae

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew  1939: 134 (1939)

Anomatheca xanthospila

authorship: (Redouté) Ker Gawl. ex Spreng.

Freesia xanthospila

authorship: (Redouté) Klatt

Gladiolus xanthospilus

authorship: Redouté

Montbretia xanthospila

authorship: (Redouté) Heynh.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 420 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Fragrant Freesia
Fragrant Kammetjie

value: herb

value: non-woody

value: geophyte

authors: (Burm.f.) N.E.Br.

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1929(4): 134


slug: freesia-corymbosa

scientific: Freesia corymbosa

epithet: corymbosa

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew  1929: 132 (1929)

preferred: Common Freesia

english:
Common Freesia
common freesia

Freesia aurea

authorship: Hend. ex Gumbl.

Freesia corymbosa var. aurea

authorship: (Hend. ex Gumbl.) N.E.Br.

Freesia odorata

authorship: (G.Lodd. ex Bosse) Eckl. ex Klatt

Freesia refracta var. odorata

authorship: (G.Lodd. ex Bosse) Baker

Montbretia odorata

authorship: (G.Lodd. ex Bosse) Heynh.

Tritonia odorata

authorship: G.Lodd. ex Bosse

authorship: Lodd.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 95 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
common freesia
Common Kammetjie

names: flissie freesia

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1929(4): 132

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freesia-fergusoniae

scientific: Freesia fergusoniae

epithet: fergusoniae

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Riversdale Freesia
Riversdale Kammetjie

published_in: S. African Gard. 17: 337

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freesia-fucata

scientific: Freesia fucata

authorship: J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

epithet: fucata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freesia-grandiflora

scientific: Freesia grandiflora

authorship: (Baker) Klatt

epithet: grandiflora

Anomatheca grandiflora

authorship: Baker

Lapeirousia graminifolia

authorship: (Baker) L.Bolus

Lapeirousia grandiflora

authorship: (Baker) Baker

codes: ZAI SWZ NAT MLW MOZ TVL TAN ZAM ZIM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

region: East Tropical Africa

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 335 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Forest Freesia
Forest Kammetjie

authors: Klatt

published_in: Consp. Fl. Afr. [T.A. Durand & H. Schinz] 5: 187


slug: freesia-laxa

scientific: Freesia laxa

authorship: (Thunb.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: laxa

preferred: false freesia

Anomatheca cruenta

authorship: Lindl.

Anomatheca laxa

authorship: (Thunb.) Goldblatt

Anomatheca laxa subsp. azurea

authorship: Goldblatt & Hutchings

Freesia cruenta

authorship: (Lindl.) Klatt

Gladiolus laxus

authorship: Thunb.

Lapeirousia cruenta

authorship: (Lindl.) Baker

Lapeirousia graebneriana

authorship: Harms

Lapeirousia grandiflora

authorship: Jacq.

Lapeirousia laxa

authorship: (Thunb.) N.E.Br.

Meristostigma laxum

authorship: (Thunb.) A.Dietr.

codes: CPP ZAI SWZ KEN NAT MLW MOZ TVL RWA TAN UGA ZAM

Kenya

code: KEN

Rwanda

code: RWA

Uganda

code: UGA

lifeform: tuberous subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 973 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
false freesia
Scarlet Freesia

names: 疏序小苍兰 红射干

names: Фрезия рыхлая

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil


slug: freesia-leichtlinii

scientific: Freesia leichtlinii

authorship: Klatt

epithet: leichtlinii

Freesia alba

authorship: (G.L.Mey.) Gumbl.

Freesia leichtliniana

authorship: Klatt ex Rob.

Freesia leichtlinii unranked major

authorship: Tubergen

Nymanina leichtlinii

authorship: (Klatt) Kuntze

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1259 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dune Kammetjie
White Freesia

names: фрезии Лейхтлин

published_in: Gartenflora 23: 289


slug: freesia-refracta

scientific: Freesia refracta

authorship: (Jacq.) Klatt

epithet: refracta

Freesia refracta unranked odorata

authorship: Hovey

Gladiolus resupinatus

authorship: Pers.

Montbretia refracta

authorship: (Jacq.) Endl. ex Heynh.

Nymanina refracta

authorship: (Jacq.) Kuntze

Tritonia refracta

authorship: (Jacq.) Ker Gawl.

Waitzia refracta

authorship: (Jacq.) Heynh.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 234 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Garden Freesia
Kleinkaroo Kammetjie

names: 小苍兰 香雪兰

names: frésia frísia

names: Фрезия надломленная

names:
Freesia
Freesia réfracté

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus ruderatus
Colias croceus

value: evergreen

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: orange

label: Flowering months

value: Feb-May

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

authors: (Jacq.) Klatt

published_in: Linnaea 34: 673

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freesia-sparrmanii

scientific: Freesia sparrmanii

epithet: sparrmanii

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa  1: t. 11 (1921)

Gladiolus sparrmanii

authorship: Thunb.

Ixia sparrmannii

authorship: (Thunb.) Schult.

Meristostigma sparmannii

authorship: (Thunb.) Steud.


slug: freesia-verrucosa

scientific: Freesia verrucosa

authorship: (B.Vogel) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: verrucosa

Anomatheca juncea

authorship: (Pourr.) Ker Gawl.

Anomatheca verrucosa

authorship: (B.Vogel) Goldblatt

Freesia juncea

authorship: (Pourr.) Klatt

Gladiolus amabilis

authorship: Salisb.

Gladiolus excisus

authorship: Jacq.

Gladiolus polystachyus

authorship: Andrews

Ixia emarginata

authorship: Lam.

Ixia gawleri

authorship: Schrad.

Lapeirousia juncea

authorship: Pourr.

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Meristostigma junceum

authorship: (Pourr.) Steud.

Peyrousia juncea

authorship: (Pourr.) Poir.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (B.Vogel) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning


slug: fremontodendron-californicum

scientific: Fremontodendron californicum

authorship: (Torr.) Coville

genus: Fremontodendron

epithet: californicum

family: Malvaceae

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 4: 74 (1893)

preferred: California flannelbush

Cheirostemon californicus

authorship: (Torr.) Martínez

Chiranthodendron californicum

authorship: (Torr.) Baill.

Fremontia californica

authorship: Torr.

name: Fremontia californica subsp. crassifolia

authorship: (Eastw.) Abrams

Fremontia californica subsp. napensis

authorship: (Eastw.) Munz

name: Fremontia californica subsp. obispoensis

Fremontia californica var. napensis

authorship: (Eastw.) McMinn

Fremontia crassifolia

authorship: Eastw.

name: Fremontodendron californicum subsp. crassifolium

authorship: (Eastw.) J.H.Thomas

name: Fremontodendron californicum subsp. napense

name: Fremontodendron californicum subsp. obispoense

name: Fremontodendron californicum var. obispoense

authorship: (Eastw.) Hoover

Fremontodendron napense

authorship: (Eastw.) R.M.Lloyd

codes: CAL MXN

California

code: CAL

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1927 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arbusto de franela
Franela de California

names: Фремонтодендрон калифорнийский

partners:
Acmaeodera connexa
Apis mellifera
Cortodera cubitalis
Papilio eurymedon
Strophiona tigrina
Thomisidae
Toxomerus occidentalis
Xylocopa californica

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Xylocopa tabaniformis

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus vosnesenskii
Calypte anna
Chionodes kubai
Halictus tripartitus
Hemileuca chinatiensis
Hippodamia convergens
Mimus polyglottos

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

source: derived from USDA NRCS plant guide

quote: this shrub or small tree

label: Growth form

value: Multiple Stem

label: Growth rate

value: moderate

value: 8 m

quote: reaches 3-8 m in height


slug: fremontodendron-mexicanum

scientific: Fremontodendron mexicanum

authorship: Davidson

epithet: mexicanum

published_in: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 16: 50 (1917)

preferred: Mexican flannelbush

source: wikidata

Fremontia californica var. mexicana

authorship: (Davidson) Jeps.

Fremontia mexicana

authorship: (Davidson) J.F.Macbr.

name: Fremontodendron californicum subsp. mexicanum

authorship: (Davidson) A.E.Murray

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 62 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

names:
Mexican flannelbush
Mexican Fremontia

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners: Hymenoptera Melyridae Trochilidae

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness

authors: Davidson

published_in: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 16: 50

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freycinetia-arborea

scientific: Freycinetia arborea

authorship: Gaudich.

genus: Freycinetia

epithet: arborea

family: Pandanaceae

preferred: 'ie'ie

Freycinetia hivaoensis

authorship: Martelli

Freycinetia kiekie

authorship: Stone.

Freycinetia scandens

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

codes: HAW MRQ NWC SAM SCI TUB VAN

Hawaii

code: HAW

continent: PACIFIC

region: North-Central Pacific

Marquesas

code: MRQ

region: South-Central Pacific

New Caledonia

code: NWC

region: Southwestern Pacific

Samoa

code: SAM

Society Is.

code: SCI

Tubuai Is.

code: TUB

Vanuatu

code: VAN

lifeform: climber

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 956 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names: Ie ʻIe

partners: Apoidea Coleoptera Vespidae

label: Eaten by

partners:
Copsychus malabaricus
Corvus hawaiiensis
Leiothrix lutea
Nesodryas freycinetiae
Pycnonotus cafer
Pycnonotus jocosus
Spilopelia chinensis
Thyrocopa decipiens

value: vine

value: liana

label: Life cycle

value: white

value: berry


slug: freycinetia-banksii

scientific: Freycinetia banksii

epithet: banksii

published_in: Companion Bot. Mag. 2: 377 (1837)

preferred: Kiekie

Freycinetia bauerana subsp. banksii

authorship: (A.Cunn.) B.C.Stone

Freycinetia inclinans

authorship: Benn.

Pandanus inclinans

authorship: Sol. ex Kunth

codes: NZN NZS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2056 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

value: woody

value: perennial

label: Photosynthetic pathway

published_in: Companion Bot. Mag. 2: 377


slug: freycinetia-excelsa

scientific: Freycinetia excelsa

epithet: excelsa

codes: NWG QLD

New Guinea

code: NWG

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Papuasia

Queensland

code: QLD

region: Australia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 188 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Giant climbing pandan
Pandanus Vine

names: Фрейсинетия высокая

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Columba leucomela
Ducula bicolor
Lopholaimus antarcticus
Macropygia phasianella
Ptilinopus magnificus
Ptilinopus regina
Ptilinopus superbus
Syconycteris australis

value: shrub

value: 1 m

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 5(32): 39


slug: freycinetia-formosana

scientific: Freycinetia formosana

authorship: Hemsl.

epithet: formosana

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 166 (1896)

Freycinetia banahaensis

authorship: Elmer

Freycinetia formosana f. banahaensis

authorship: (Elmer) B.C.Stone

Freycinetia formosana var. iriomotensis

authorship: Masam.

Freycinetia williamsii

authorship: Merr.

codes: KZN NNS OGA TAI PHI

Kazan-retto

code: KZN

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Ogasawara-shoto

code: OGA

Taiwan

code: TAI

Philippines

code: PHI

region: Malesia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 368 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 山林投 山露兜

value: tree

authors: Hemsl.

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freycinetia-scandens

scientific: Freycinetia scandens

epithet: scandens

Freycinetia propinqua

authorship: Domin

codes: BOR JAW LSI NWG SUL SUM QLD

Borneo

code: BOR

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 244 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Gaudich.

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) sér. 1, 3: 510

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: freylinia-brevistyla

scientific: Freylinia brevistyla

authorship: J.C.Manning & Helme

genus: Freylinia

epithet: brevistyla

family: Scrophulariaceae

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

names:
Elgin Bellbush
Elgin Honeybell

authors: J.C.Manning & Helme

published_in: S. African J. Bot. 142: 366

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: freylinia-densiflora

scientific: Freylinia densiflora

authorship: Benth.

epithet: densiflora

Freylinia decurrens

authorship: Levyns ex van Jaarsv.

Freylinia undulata var. densiflora

authorship: (Benth.) Hiern

Freylinia undulata var. macrophylla

authorship: Hiern

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 3 m

authors: Benth.

published_in: Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 55

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: freylinia-lanceolata

scientific: Freylinia lanceolata

authorship: (L.f.) G.Don

epithet: lanceolata

Bourreria cestroides

authorship: (Colla) Spreng.

Buddleja glaberrima

authorship: Loisel.

Capraria lanceolata

authorship: hort. ex Steud.

Capraria salicifolia

authorship: Salisb.

authorship: Link & Otto

Cestrum aurantiacum

authorship: C.A.Mey. ex Steud.

Freylinia cestroides

authorship: Colla

Freylinia oppositifolia

authorship: Spin

codes: CPP EHM MYA

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 411 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Honey Bellbush
Honey Bells

names: Фрейлиния ланцетная

names: heuningklokkies heuningklokkiesbos

label: Parasites

authors: (L.f.) G.Don

published_in: Sweet's Hort. Brit., ed. 3. 523

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: freylinia-longiflora

scientific: Freylinia longiflora

epithet: longiflora

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

names:
Bot River Honeybells
Botriver Honeybell

label: Height

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: freylinia-undulata

scientific: Freylinia undulata

authorship: (L.f.) Benth.

epithet: undulata

Capraria longiflora

authorship: Thunb.

authorship: Thunb. ex Juel

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 144 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Jans Honeybell
Karoo Honeybells

value: non-woody

value: 2 m


slug: fridericia-chica

scientific: Fridericia chica

authorship: (Bonpl.) L.G.Lohmann

genus: Fridericia

epithet: chica

family: Bignoniaceae

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.  99: 434 (2014)

preferred: cricketvine

Adenocalymma portoricense

authorship: A.Stahl ex Bello

Arrabidaea acutifolia

authorship: DC.

Arrabidaea chica

authorship: (Bonpl.) Verl.

Arrabidaea chica f. cuprea

authorship: (Cham.) Sandwith

Arrabidaea chica var. acutifolia

authorship: (DC.) Bureau

Arrabidaea chica var. angustifolia

authorship: Bureau & K.Schum.

Arrabidaea cuprea

authorship: (Cham.) Bornm.

authorship: Pittier

Bignonia chica

authorship: Bonpl.

Bignonia cuprea

authorship: Cham.

Bignonia triphylla

authorship: L.

authorship: Willd. ex DC.

Lundia chica

authorship: (Bonpl.) Seem.

Temnocydia carajura

authorship: Mart. ex DC.

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS AGE BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS ECU ELS FRG GUA HON LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

region: Caribbean

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fridericia-floribunda

scientific: Fridericia floribunda

authorship: (Kunth) L.G.Lohmann

epithet: floribunda

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.  99: 438 (2014)

Arrabidaea floribunda

authorship: (Kunth) Loes.

Bignonia floribunda

authorship: Kunth

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ ELS GUA HON PAN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

region: Central America

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: liana

authors: (Kunth) L.G.Lohmann

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 99(3): 438

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: fridericia-patellifera

scientific: Fridericia patellifera

authorship: (Schltdl.) L.G.Lohmann

epithet: patellifera

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.  99: 442 (2014)

Anemopaegma cupulatum

authorship: (Splitg.) Bureau & K.Schum.

Arrabidaea broadwayi

authorship: (Sprague & L.Riley) Sandwith

Arrabidaea patellifera

authorship: (Schltdl.) Sandwith

Arrabidaea pentstemonoides

authorship: Kraenzl.

Bignonia cupulata

authorship: Splitg.

Bignonia patellifera

authorship: Schltdl.

Micropaegma cupulatum

authorship: (Splitg.) Pichon

Parmentiera patellifera

authorship: (Schltdl.) Miers ex Ant.Molina

Petastoma breviflorum

authorship: Standl.

Petastoma broadwayi

authorship: Sprague & L.Riley

Petastoma patelliferum

authorship: (Schltdl.) Miers

Petastoma pentstemonoides

authorship: (Kraenzl.) Sandwith

Tabebuia neurophylla

authorship: Miq.

Tanaecium paniculatum

authorship: Sieber ex DC.

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN BZL BZC CLM COS ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Guyana

code: GUY

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

value: herb

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fridericia-platyphylla

scientific: Fridericia platyphylla

authorship: (Cham.) L.G.Lohmann

epithet: platyphylla

Arrabidaea brachypoda

authorship: Bureau

Arrabidaea brachypoda var. cuneata

authorship: (DC.) Bureau

Arrabidaea brachypoda var. platyphylla

authorship: (Cham.) Bureau

Arrabidaea celastroides

authorship: Bureau ex K.Schum.

Arrabidaea platyphylla

authorship: (Cham.) Bureau & K.Schum.

Arrabidaea platyphylla var. acuminata

authorship: (Bureau) Bureau & K.Schum.

Arrabidaea platyphylla var. cuneata

authorship: (DC.) Bureau & K.Schum.

name: Arrabidaea platyphylla var. heterophylla

name: Arrabidaea platyphylla var. lasiorrhachis

authorship: Bureau & K.Schum.

Bignonia brachypoda

authorship: DC.

Bignonia brachypoda var. platyphylla

authorship: (Cham.) DC.

Bignonia brachypoda var. pubescens

authorship: Sond.

Bignonia platyphylla

authorship: Cham.

Fridericia celastroides

authorship: (Bureau ex K.Schum.) L.G.Lohmann

Petastoma simplicifolium

authorship: Miers

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC GUY PAR PER VEN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

lifeform: scrambling shrub or liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 40 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Arrabidaea brachypoda
cipó-una

label: Visited by

partners:
Centris analis
Xylocopa frontalis
Xylocopa grisescens


slug: fridericia-truncata

scientific: Fridericia truncata

authorship: (Sprague) L.G.Lohmann

epithet: truncata

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.  99: 446 (2014)

Arrabidaea truncata

authorship: (Sprague) Sandwith

Mansoa truncata

authorship: Sprague

Mansoa truncata var. parviflora

authorship: (Hassl.) Sandwith

Petastoma truncatum

authorship: (Sprague) Hassl.

Petastoma truncatum var. parviflorum

authorship: Hassl.

codes: AGE AGW BOL PAR

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: (Sprague) L.G.Lohmann

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 99(3): 446

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: frisvollia-varia

scientific: Frisvollia varia

authorship: (Mitt.) Sawicki, Szczecińska, Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra

genus: Frisvollia

epithet: varia

family: Grimmiaceae

preferred: racomitrium moss

Codriophorus varius

authorship: (Mitt.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra

Grimmia varia

authorship: Mitt.

Racomitrium canescens var. lutescens

authorship: Lesq. & James

Racomitrium oreganum

authorship: Renauld & Cardot

Racomitrium speciosum

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Kindb.

Racomitrium varium

authorship: (Mitt.) A.Jaeger

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: nonvascular

source: USDA PLANTS

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol RAVA3

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: frithia-humilis

scientific: Frithia humilis

authorship: Burgoyne

genus: Frithia

epithet: humilis

family: Aizoaceae

published_in: in Bothalia 30: 1. 2000.

Frithia pulchra var. minor

authorship: de Boer

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: succulent subshrub

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

value: 0 m

source: GIFT

label: Leaf retention

value: evergreen

authors: Burgoyne

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: frithia-pulchra

scientific: Frithia pulchra

epithet: pulchra

published_in: Man. Pl. Transvaal 1: . 1926.

Mesembryanthemum pulchrum

authorship: (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names: 光玉 晃玉

published_in: Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 41, 162


slug: fritillaria-acmopetala

scientific: Fritillaria acmopetala

authorship: Boiss.

genus: Fritillaria

epithet: acmopetala

family: Liliaceae

name: Fritillaria acmopetala subsp. acmopetala

Fritillaria lycia

authorship: Boiss. & Heldr.

Fritillaria reygassii

authorship: Boiss. & C.I.Blanche

codes: CYP LBS PAL TUR

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Türkiye

code: TUR

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Life form

value: geophyte

authors: Boiss.

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 7: 104

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-affinis

scientific: Fritillaria affinis

authorship: (Schult. & Schult.f.) Sealy

epithet: affinis

preferred: checker lily

source: inat

Fritillaria esculenta

authorship: Nutt. ex Baker

Fritillaria eximia

authorship: Eastw.

Fritillaria lanceolata

authorship: Pursh

Fritillaria lanceolata var. floribunda

authorship: Benth.

Fritillaria lanceolata var. tristulis

authorship: A.L.Grant ex Jeps.

Fritillaria lanceolata var. viridis

authorship: Tubergen

Fritillaria multiflora

authorship: Kellogg

Fritillaria mutica

authorship: Lindl.

Fritillaria mutica var. gracilis

authorship: (S.Watson) Jeps.

Fritillaria phaeanthera

authorship: Purdy

Lilium affine

authorship: Schult. & Schult.f.

codes: BRC CAL IDA MNT ORE WAS

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Montana

code: MNT

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1971 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
checker lily
checker chocolate lily

names: Рябчик родственный

partners:
Eupeodes
Muscidae sp.
Sarcophagidae

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Bombus vancouverensis vancouverensis
Vespula acadica
Vespula consobrina
Vespula pensylvanica

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Vespula pensylvanica

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

value: forb/herb

quote: Chocolate lily (Fritillaria affinis) is a tall herbaceous perennial

quote: The stems are 20-50 cm tall

label: Flower colour

value: brown-mottled with green or yellow

quote: bowl-shaped, distinctly nodding flowers with six tepals which are brown-mottled with green or yellow

value: bulbs were dug in spring (before flowering) or in summer or fall (after flowering)


slug: fritillaria-agrestis

scientific: Fritillaria agrestis

authorship: Greene

epithet: agrestis

preferred: stinkbells

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 316 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
stinkbells
stink bells

names: Рябчик полевой

names:
Stinkende Fritillarie
Stinkende Schachblume

partners: Apoidea Coleoptera

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

authors: Greene

published_in: Erythea 3: 67


slug: fritillaria-atropurpurea

scientific: Fritillaria atropurpurea

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: atropurpurea

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia  7: 54 (1834)

preferred: spotted fritillary

Amblirion album

authorship: (Nutt.) Sweet

name: Fritillaria atropurpurea var. gracillima

authorship: (Smiley) D.W.Taylor

Fritillaria gracillima

authorship: Smiley

Fritillaria linearis

authorship: J.M.Coult. & Fisher

codes: ARI CAL COL IDA MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA ORE SDA UTA WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Nebraska

code: NEB

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

North Dakota

code: NDA

South Dakota

code: SDA

Utah

code: UTA

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1986 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
spotted fritillary
Leopard Lily

names: Рябчик тёмно-пурпурный

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia vii. (1834) 54


slug: fritillaria-aurea

scientific: Fritillaria aurea

authorship: Schott

epithet: aurea

published_in: Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl.  4: 137 (1854)

Fritillaria bornmuelleri

authorship: Hausskn.

Fritillaria cilicico-taurica

authorship: Hausskn. & Bornm.

names: Рябчик золотистый

names: Gold-Schachblume Goldei-Fritillarie

authors: Schott

published_in: Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 4: 137

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-biflora

scientific: Fritillaria biflora

epithet: biflora

preferred: chocolate lily

Amblirion lanceolatum

authorship: Sweet

Fritillaria biflora var. inflexa

authorship: Jeps.

Fritillaria grayana

authorship: Rchb.f. & Baker

Fritillaria kamtschatcensis

authorship: Torr.

Fritillaria succulenta

authorship: Elmer

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1944 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
chocolate lily
American chocolate lily

names: Рябчик двухцветковый

names:
Missionsglocke
Zweiblütige Fritillarie

label: Flowering months

value: Jun

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 20: sub t. 1663


slug: fritillaria-brandegeei

scientific: Fritillaria brandegeei

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: brandegeei

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  30: 484 (1903)

preferred: greenhorn fritillary

Fritillaria hutchinsonii

authorship: Davidson

names: Рябчик Брандеги

authors: Eastw.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 484

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-camschatcensis

scientific: Fritillaria camschatcensis

authorship: (L.) Ker Gawl.

epithet: camschatcensis

preferred: Kamchatka fritillary

english:
Kamchatka fritillary
black lily

Amblirion camschatcense

authorship: (L.) Sweet

name: Fritillaria camschatcensis subsp. alpina

authorship: H.Matsuura & Toyok.

name: Fritillaria camschatcensis subsp. camschatcensis

Fritillaria camschatcensis var. alpina

authorship: (H.Matsuura & Toyok.) Hid.Hara

name: Fritillaria camschatcensis var. flavescens

authorship: Makino

name: Fritillaria camschatcensis var. keisukei

name: Fritillaria camtschatcensis f. flavescens

authorship: (Makino) T.Shimizu

name: Fritillaria camtschatcensis var. flavescens

Fritillaria saranna

authorship: Stejneger

Lilium camschatcense

authorship: L.

Lilium nigrum

authorship: Siebold

Lilium quadrifoliatum

authorship: E.Mey. ex C.Presl

Sarana edulis

authorship: Fisch. ex Baker

codes: AMU JAP KAM KHA KUR MAG PRM SAK ASK ALU BRC ORE WAS

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kamchatka

code: KAM

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Magadan

code: MAG

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

Alaska

code: ASK

region: Subarctic America

Aleutian Is.

code: ALU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2031 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
black lily
Kamchatka fritillary

names: 巧克力貝母 黑貝母

names:
Рябчик камчатский
Kamchatka Missionbells

names: クロユリ kuro-yuri

names: لاله واژگون برنجی

quote: Fritillaria camchatcensis is a tall herbaceous perennial

value: blooms in the spring (before flowering), in the summer, or the fall (after flowering)

quote: They were dug up in the spring (before flowering), in the summer, or the fall (after flowering) using a digging stick, a wooden spade, or fingers.


slug: fritillaria-caucasica

scientific: Fritillaria caucasica

authorship: Adams

epithet: caucasica

Fritillaria armena var. lucida

authorship: Hausskn. & Bornm.

Fritillaria lucida

authorship: (Hausskn. & Bornm.) Bornm.

Fritillaria parviflora

authorship: Mart.

Fritillaria racemosa

authorship: Mill.

Theresia tulipilfoia

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Klatt

codes: IRN NCS TCS TUR

Iran

code: IRN

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик кавказский

names:
Purpurbraune Fritillarie
Purpurbraune Schachblume

names: արքայապսակ կովկասյան

value: perennial

value: Apr

authors: Adams

published_in: Beitr. Naturk. i. 51

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-cirrhosa

scientific: Fritillaria cirrhosa

epithet: cirrhosa

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nepal. : 51 (1825)

Baimo cirrhosa

authorship: (D.Don) Raf.

Fritillaria cirrhosa subsp. roylei

authorship: (Hook.) Ali

Fritillaria cirrhosa var. bonatii

authorship: (H.Lév.) S.C.Chen

Fritillaria cirrhosa var. brachyantha

authorship: C.Marquand & Airy Shaw

Fritillaria cirrhosa var. dingriensis

authorship: Y.K.Yang & J.Z.Zhang

Fritillaria cirrhosa var. jilongensis

authorship: Y.K.Yang & Gesang

Fritillaria duilongdeqingensis

authorship: Y.K.Yang & Gesan

Fritillaria guilelmi-waldemarii

authorship: Klotzsch

Fritillaria lhiinzeensis

authorship: Y.K.Yang & al.

Fritillaria polyphylla

authorship: Fortune

Fritillaria roylei

authorship: Hook.

codes: CHN CHC CHQ CHT EHM MYA NEP PAK WHM

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Tibet

code: CHT

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Himalayan Fritillary
Sichuan fritillary

names: 川贝母 贝母

names: Рябчик усатый

names: لاله واژگون سیرهوزا

value: Jun-Jul

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 51


slug: fritillaria-collina

scientific: Fritillaria collina

authorship: Adams

epithet: collina

Fritillaria biebersteiniana

authorship: Kharkev.

codes: NCS TCS TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 265 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Рябчик жёлтый
Рябчик холмовой

names: Արքայածաղիկ բլրակային

names: ყვითელი ღვინა

published_in: Beitr. Naturk. i. 50


slug: fritillaria-dagana

scientific: Fritillaria dagana

authorship: Turcz.

epithet: dagana

Imperialis dagana

authorship: (Turcz.) Turcz.

codes: BRY CTA IRK KRA MON

Buryatiya

code: BRY

region: Siberia

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 121 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик дагана

value: May

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

source: Wikidata

authors: Turcz.

published_in: Flora 17(1, Beibl.): 25

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-eastwoodiae

scientific: Fritillaria eastwoodiae

epithet: eastwoodiae

preferred: Butte County fritillary

Fritillaria phaeanthera

authorship: Eastw.

codes: CAL ORE

California

code: CAL

Oregon

code: ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 113 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Butte County fritillary
Butte fritillary

names: Рябчик Иствуд

value: non-woody

published_in: Madroño 25(2): 95, nom

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: fritillaria-falcata

scientific: Fritillaria falcata

authorship: (Jeps.) D.E.Beetle

epithet: falcata

preferred: Talus Fritillary

english:
Talus Fritillary
talus fritillary

Fritillaria atropurpurea var. falcata

authorship: Jeps.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 156 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Endangered

authors: (Jeps.) D.E.Beetle

published_in: Madroño 7: 148

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: fritillaria-glauca

scientific: Fritillaria glauca

authorship: Greene

epithet: glauca

preferred: Siskiyou fritillary

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 205 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Siskiyou fritillary
Siskiyou fritillaria

names: Рябчик сизый

label: Growth habit

published_in: Erythea 1: 153

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: fritillaria-gussichiae

scientific: Fritillaria gussichiae

authorship: (Degen & Dörfl.) Rix

epithet: gussichiae

Fritillaria graeca var. gussichiae

authorship: Degen & Dörfl.

codes: BUL GRC YUG

Bulgaria

code: BUL

region: Southeastern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

iucn_category: DD

label: Data Deficient

names: Рябчик Гусих

authors: (Degen & Dörfl.) Rix


slug: fritillaria-involucrata

scientific: Fritillaria involucrata

authorship: All.

epithet: involucrata

name: Fritillaria involucrata subsp. versicolor

authorship: (Baker) K.Richt.

Fritillaria involucrata var. versicolor

authorship: Baker

codes: FRA ITA

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 292 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Рябчик обёртковый
Рябчик покрывальный

authors: All.

published_in: Auct. Fl. Pedem. 34


slug: fritillaria-karelinii

scientific: Fritillaria karelinii

authorship: (Fisch. ex D.Don) Baker

epithet: karelinii

Fritillaria karelinii var. albiflora

authorship: X.Z.Duan & X.J.Zheng

Rhinopetalum karelinii

authorship: Fisch. ex D.Don

codes: KAZ KGZ TZK TKM UZB CHX

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 202 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 湖北贝母 砂贝母

names: Рябчик Карелина

label: Woodiness

value: Mar-Apr

authors: Baker

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 268

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-latifolia

scientific: Fritillaria latifolia

authorship: Willd.

epithet: latifolia

Fritillaria lutea subsp. latifolia

authorship: Artjush.

Fritillaria lutea var. latifolia

authorship: (Willd.) Baker

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 149 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик широколистный

value: herb

label: Life cycle

value: Apr-May

authors: Willd.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: fritillaria-liliacea

scientific: Fritillaria liliacea

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: liliacea

preferred: fragrant fritillary

Fritillaria alba

authorship: Kellogg

California

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик лилейный

names:
Weiße Fritillarie
Weiße Schachblume

label: Eaten by

label: Photosynthetic pathway


slug: fritillaria-lusitanica

scientific: Fritillaria lusitanica

authorship: Wikstr.

epithet: lusitanica

published_in: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl.  1821: 352 (1821)

Fritillaria boissieri

authorship: Costa

Fritillaria flahaultiana

authorship: Sennen

Fritillaria hispanica

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Fritillaria lusitanica f. stenophylla

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Sealy

Fritillaria lusitanica subsp. hispanica

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) K.Richt.

Fritillaria lusitanica var. hispanica

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Baker

Fritillaria lusitanica var. messanensis

authorship: Nyman

Fritillaria meleagris var. boissieri

authorship: (Costa) Vayr.

Fritillaria messanensis

authorship: Boiss.

name: Fritillaria messanensis subsp. hispanica

authorship: (Boiss.) Malag.

Fritillaria messanensis var. hispanica

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire

Fritillaria nigra subsp. boissieri

authorship: (Costa) O.Bolòs & Vigo

name: Fritillaria pyrenaica f. albarracinensis

authorship: Pau

Fritillaria pyrenaica subsp. boissieri

authorship: (Costa) Vigo & Valdés

Fritillaria pyrenaica subsp. hispanica

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Vigo

Fritillaria pyrenaica var. boissieri

authorship: (Costa) Nyman

Fritillaria pyrenaica var. hispanica

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Pau

Fritillaria pyrenaica var. lusitanica

authorship: (Wikstr.) Pau

name: Fritillaria pyrenaica var. senneneliasii

codes: POR SPA

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 907 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: campanicas Meleagria

names:
Рябчик лузитанский}}
Рябчик лузитанский

names: فريتيلاريا لوسيتانيكا

authors: Wikstr.

published_in: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. (1821) 352

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: fritillaria-meleagris

scientific: Fritillaria meleagris

authorship: L.

epithet: meleagris

preferred: Lazarus bell

english:
Lazarus bell
chequered daffodil
chequered lily
chess flower
drooping tulip
fritillary
frog-cup
guinea flower
guinea-hen flower
leper lily
snake's head
snake's head fritillary

Fritillaria contorta

authorship: Baker

Fritillaria graminifolia

authorship: Stokes

Fritillaria lutea

authorship: Rchb.

Fritillaria meleagris var. contorta

authorship: (Baker) W.Mill.

Fritillaria montana

authorship: Sanguin.

Fritillaria pallida

authorship: Salisb.

Fritillaria tesselata var. alba

authorship: Gray

Lilium meleagris

authorship: (L.) E.H.L.Krause

codes: ALT WSB AUT BLR RUC CZE FRA GER HUN ITA YUG NET RUW POL ROM RUS SWI UKR

Altay

code: ALT

West Siberia

code: WSB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

region: Eastern Europe

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

Netherlands

code: NET

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1960 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
chequered daffodil
chequered lily

names: 小貝母 珠雞斑貝母

names: Рябчик шахматный

names: フリチラリア・メレアグリス コバンユリ

names: Schachblume Kiebitzei

names:
fritillaire
Fritillaire damier

names: لاله واژگون کلهماری

names: Fritellaria Kievitsbloem

names:
Рябчик великий
Рябчик шаховий

names:
Laleaua pestriţă
Laleaua Pestriță

names: Damspelslilja Kungsängslilja

names:
řebčík kostkovaný
řeb

names:
Almindelig Vibeæg
Vibeæg

names: kockásliliom kotuliliom

names: Rutelilje rutekrone

partners:
Bombus hortorum
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pratorum
Bombus terrestris
Lasioglossum euboeense

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus terrestris
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus pratorum
Bombus lucorum
Bombus hortorum
Bombus rufocinctus
Bombus sylvestris


slug: fritillaria-meleagroides

scientific: Fritillaria meleagroides

authorship: Patrin ex Schult. & Schult.f.

epithet: meleagroides

Fritillaria longifolia

authorship: Steven ex Ledeb.

name: Fritillaria meleagroides var. flavovirens

authorship: X.Z.Duan & X.J.Zheng

codes: ALT KAZ NCS WSB CHX BUL RUC RUE RUS UKR

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Bulgaria

code: BUL

East European Russia

code: RUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 909 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 额敏贝母 額敏貝母

names:
Рябчик малый
Рябчик шахматовидный

names: Рябчик малий

names: Шахматовидна ведрица

authors: Patrin ex Schult.f.

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 7(1): 395


slug: fritillaria-micrantha

scientific: Fritillaria micrantha

epithet: micrantha

published_in: Muhlenbergia  6: 83 (1910)

preferred: brown fritillary

Fritillaria parviflora

authorship: Torr.

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 363 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
brown fritillary
brown bells

names: Рябчик мелкоцветковый

published_in: Muhlenbergia 6: 83


slug: fritillaria-montana

scientific: Fritillaria montana

authorship: Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch

epithet: montana

Fritillaria caussolensis

authorship: Goaty & Pons ex Ardoino

Fritillaria gawleri

authorship: Jaub. & Spach

name: Fritillaria involucrata subsp. caussolensis

authorship: (Goaty & Pons ex Ardoino) Arcang.

Fritillaria orsiniana

authorship: Parl.

Fritillaria pyrenaica var. multiflora

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Fritillaria tenella subsp. orsiniana

authorship: (Parl.) Nyman

Fritillaria tenella var. coussolensis

authorship: Goaty & Pons ex Nyman

Fritillaria tenella var. intermedia

authorship: (N.Terracc.) Fiori

Fritillaria tenella var. micrantha

authorship: Beck ex Fiori & Paol.

Fritillaria tenella var. orsiniana

authorship: (Parl.) Fiori

codes: ALB BUL FRA GRC ITA YUG ROM UKR

Albania

code: ALB

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 331 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Hoppe


slug: fritillaria-ojaiensis

scientific: Fritillaria ojaiensis

authorship: Davidson

epithet: ojaiensis

published_in: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci.  21: 41 (1922)

preferred: Ojai fritillary

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 420 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик оджайский

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

authors: Davidson

published_in: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 21: 41


slug: fritillaria-oranensis

scientific: Fritillaria oranensis

authorship: Pomel

epithet: oranensis

Fritillaria lusitanica subsp. oranensis

authorship: (Pomel) Valdés

Fritillaria lusitanica var. algeriensis

authorship: Baker

name: Fritillaria messanensis subsp. algeriensis

authorship: (Baker) Maire ex Quézel & Santa

name: Fritillaria messanensis subsp. atlantica

authorship: (Maire) Maire ex Quézel & Santa

name: Fritillaria messanensis subsp. oranensis

authorship: (Pomel) Batt.

name: Fritillaria messanensis var. algeriensis

Fritillaria messanensis var. atlantica

authorship: Maire

codes: ALG LBY MOR TUN

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

names: Рябчик оранский

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Pomel

published_in: Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 253; Poit. in Rev. Hortic. (1881) 80


slug: fritillaria-persica

scientific: Fritillaria persica

authorship: L.

epithet: persica

Fritillaria arabica

authorship: Gand.

Fritillaria eggeri

authorship: Bornm.

Fritillaria libanotica

authorship: (Boiss.) Baker

Fritillaria nobilis

authorship: Salisb.

Theresia libanotica

authorship: Boiss.

Theresia persica

authorship: (L.) K.Koch

Tozzettia persica

authorship: (L.) Parl.

codes: CYP IRN IRQ LBS PAL TUR

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 183 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Adiyaman
Persian Lily

names: 波斯贝母 波斯貝母

names: بوقية فارسية

names: Рябчик персидский

names:
Persische Fritillarie
Persische Kaiserkrone

names:
لاله واژگون ایرانی
واژگون ایرانی

names:
גביעונית הלבנון
גביעונית ערבית

published_in: Reise Russland (S.G.Gmel.) 1: 65

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-pinetorum

scientific: Fritillaria pinetorum

epithet: pinetorum

published_in: Muhlenbergia  4: 67 (1908)

preferred: Davidson's fritillary

english:
Davidson's fritillary
pinewoods fritillary

Fritillaria atropurpurea var. pinetorum

authorship: (Davidson) I.M.Johnst.

names: Рябчик сосновых лесов

names: لاله واژگون دیویدسون

published_in: Muhlenbergia 4: 67


slug: fritillaria-pluriflora

scientific: Fritillaria pluriflora

authorship: Torr. ex Benth.

epithet: pluriflora

preferred: adobe lily

Liliorhiza piattiana

authorship: Kellogg ex Curran

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 392 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
adobe lily
adobe-lily

names: 多花贝母 多花貝母

names: Рябчик многоцветковый

names:
Mehrblütige Fritillarie
Tonlilie

names: لاله واژگون خشتی

partners:
Aphis gossypii
Apis mellifera
Lasioglossum titusi

authors: Torr. ex Benth.

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 338


slug: fritillaria-pontica

scientific: Fritillaria pontica

authorship: Wahlenb.

epithet: pontica

Fritillaria pontica var. substipelata

authorship: Candargy

Fritillaria theophrasti

authorship: Kamari & Phitos

codes: EAI TUR ALB BUL GRC YUG TUE

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 94 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик понтийский

names: Pontus-Fritillarie Pontusschachblume

names: Черноморска ведрица

authors: Wahlenb.

published_in: Resor Eur. Österland. [Berggren] 2(Bihang): 27

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-pudica

scientific: Fritillaria pudica

authorship: (Pursh) Spreng.

epithet: pudica

preferred: Yellow Bell

english:
Yellow Bell
Yellowbells
yellow fritillary
yellow missionbells

Amblirion pudicum

authorship: (Pursh) Raf.

Amblirion pudicum var. biflorum

authorship: Torr.

Lilium pudicum

authorship: Pursh

Ochrocodon pudicus

authorship: (Pursh) Rydb.

Theresia pudica

authorship: (Pursh) Klatt

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV ORE UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1950 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Yellow Bell
yellow fritillary

names: Рябчик скромный

names:
Schamhafte Fritillarie
Schamhafte Schachblume

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Andrena lupinorum
Andrena nigrihirta
Apoidea
Coleoptera
Diptera

partners:
Hymenoptera
Andrena lupinorum
Andrena nigrihirta
Apoidea
Bombus centralis
Coleoptera
Diptera
Osmia lignaria

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus huntii
Habropoda cineraria

label: Growth form

value: Colonizing

label: Growth rate


slug: fritillaria-purdyi

scientific: Fritillaria purdyi

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: purdyi

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  29: 75 (1902)

preferred: Purdy's fritillary

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 485 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик Парди

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 75, pl. 6


slug: fritillaria-pyrenaica

scientific: Fritillaria pyrenaica

authorship: L.

epithet: pyrenaica

Fritillaria aquitanica

authorship: Mill.

Fritillaria falcata

authorship: Caball.

Fritillaria linophylla

authorship: Doumenjou ex Nyman

Fritillaria lurida

authorship: Salisb.

Fritillaria meleagris subsp. pyrenaica

authorship: Bonnier & Layens

Fritillaria nervosa

authorship: Willd.

Fritillaria nervosa subsp. falcata

authorship: Fern.-Arias & Devesa

Fritillaria pyrenaea

authorship: Clus. ex Rchb.

authorship: Gren.

Fritillaria pyrenaea var. concolor

authorship: Rchb.

Fritillaria pyrenaica var. lutescens

authorship: Lindl. ex Baker

Fritillaria tardiflora

authorship: Lehm. ex Schult. & Schult.f.

codes: FRA POR SPA

France

code: FRA

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 603 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Fritillaire des Pyrénées, Fritillaire noire

authors: L.


slug: fritillaria-recurva

scientific: Fritillaria recurva

authorship: Benth.

epithet: recurva

preferred: scarlet fritillary

Fritillaria coccinea

authorship: (Greene) Greene

Fritillaria recurva var. coccinea

authorship: Greene

codes: CAL NEV ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1853 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик изогнутый

names:
Scharlachrote Fritillarie
Scharlachrote Schachblume

authors: Benth.

published_in: Pl. Hartw. 340


slug: fritillaria-rhodia

scientific: Fritillaria rhodia

epithet: rhodia

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh  29: 329 (1969)

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

names: Рябчик родосский

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 29: 329


slug: fritillaria-ruthenica

scientific: Fritillaria ruthenica

authorship: Wikstr.

epithet: ruthenica

published_in: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl.  1821: 353 (1821)

Corona leucantha

authorship: Fisch. ex Graham

Fritillaria heterophylla

authorship: Sol. ex Baker

Fritillaria minor

authorship: Ledeb.

codes: KAZ NCS WSB BLR RUC RUE RUS UKR

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

North Caucasus

code: NCS

West Siberia

code: WSB

Belarus

code: BLR

Central European Russia

code: RUC

East European Russia

code: RUE

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1269 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Lesser Altaic Fritillary
Ruthenian Fritillary

names: Рябчик русский

names: Рябчик руський

names: Рабчык рускі

label: Life form

label: Height

authors: Wikst.

published_in: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. (1821) 353


slug: fritillaria-sewerzowii

scientific: Fritillaria sewerzowii

authorship: Regel

epithet: sewerzowii

published_in: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41(1): 443 (1868)

Fritillaria discolor

authorship: Mottet

Korolkowia sewerzowii

authorship: (Regel) Regel

codes: KAZ KGZ TZK UZB

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 132 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Рябчик Северцова

authors: Regel

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: fritillaria-striata

scientific: Fritillaria striata

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: striata

preferred: Greenhorn adobe-lily

english:
Greenhorn adobe-lily
striped abobe lily

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 195 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Greenhorn adobe-lily
striped abobe lily

label: Flower-visited by

authors: Eastw.

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 20: 136


slug: fritillaria-usuriensis

scientific: Fritillaria usuriensis

authorship: Maxim.

epithet: usuriensis

published_in: Decas Pl. Nov. : 9 (1871)

codes: KOR CHM PRM

Korea

code: KOR

region: Eastern Asia

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

region: Russian Far East

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 64 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
平贝母
ping bei mu

names: Рябчик уссурийский

names: paemo 패모

label: Flowering months

authors: Maxim.

published_in: Decas Pl. Nov. [Trautvetter et al.] 9

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: frodinia-tremula

scientific: Frodinia tremula

authorship: (Krug & Urb.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett

genus: Frodinia

epithet: tremula

family: Araliaceae

Didymopanax tremulus

authorship: Krug & Urb.

Schefflera tremula

authorship: (Krug & Urb.) Alain

codes: DOM HAI

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

region: Caribbean

Haiti

code: HAI

lifeform: scrambling tree

names:
Palo de Brisa
Palo de Viento

names:
Ouane Primaire
Aralie Grandes Feuilles

authors: (Krug & Urb.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett

published_in: Brittonia 73(3): 259

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: froelichia-arizonica

scientific: Froelichia arizonica

authorship: Thornber ex Standl.

genus: Froelichia

epithet: arizonica

family: Amaranthaceae

preferred: Arizona snakecotton

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

lifeform: subshrub

authors: Thornber ex Standl.


slug: froelichia-floridana

scientific: Froelichia floridana

authorship: (Nutt.) Moq.

epithet: floridana

preferred: plains snakecotton

Froelichia campestris

authorship: Small

Froelichia floridana var. campestris

authorship: (Small) Fernald

Froelichia floridana var. pallescens

authorship: Moq.

Froelichia gracilis var. floridana

authorship: (Nutt.) Holz.

Gomphrena exaltata

authorship: Delile ex Moq.

Gomphrena floridana

authorship: Spreng.

Oplotheca floridana

authorship: Nutt.

codes: ALA ARK COL DEL FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MXG MXE MIN MSI MSO NEB NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL SCA SDA TEN TEX WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Colorado

code: COL

Delaware

code: DEL

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

North Dakota

code: NDA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1512 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: froelichia-gracilis

scientific: Froelichia gracilis

authorship: (Hook.) Moq.

epithet: gracilis

preferred: slender snakecotton

Froelichia braunii

authorship: Standl.

Froelichia texana

authorship: (A.Braun) Small

Oplotheca gracilis

authorship: Hook.

codes: ALA ARI ARK COL ILL IOW KAN LOU MXE MXN MSI MSO NEB NWM OKL SDA TEX WIS WYO

Alabama

code: ALA

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

Colorado

code: COL

Illinois

code: ILL

Iowa

code: IOW

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Wisconsin

code: WIS

Wyoming

code: WYO

lifeform: annual or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 791 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
slender snakecotton
Slender Cottonweed

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens


slug: froelichia-humboldtiana

scientific: Froelichia humboldtiana

authorship: (Schult.) Seub.

epithet: humboldtiana

Froelichia lanata

authorship: (Kunth) Moq.

Gomphrena humboldtiana

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Gomphrena lanata

authorship: Kunth

codes: BZE BZL BZC VEN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

names: Ervanço ervaço

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

authors: Seub.


slug: froelichia-xantusii

scientific: Froelichia xantusii

epithet: xantusii

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: frullania-anomala

scientific: Frullania anomala

genus: Frullania

epithet: anomala

family: Frullaniaceae

published_in: Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 77(3): 374. 1949.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: frullania-apiculata

scientific: Frullania apiculata

authorship: (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees

epithet: apiculata

Frullania acutistipula

authorship: Steph.

Frullania apiculata f. aculeata

authorship: Verd.

name: Frullania apiculata subsp. kaindimontana

Frullania apiculata var. explicata

authorship: (Mont.) Schiffn.

Frullania apiculata var. guianensis

authorship: Lindenb. & Gottsche

Frullania apiculata var. nodulosa

authorship: (Nees) Schiffn.

Frullania apiculata var. obscura

authorship: Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Frullania explicata

authorship: Mont.

Frullania karstenii

authorship: Schiffn.

Frullania mertensiana

authorship: Lindenb.

Frullania oceanica

authorship: Mitt.

Frullania pacificae

authorship: Taylor

Frullania uncifolia

authorship: Gottsche ex Steph.

Jungermannia apiculata

authorship: Reinw., Blume & Nees

Jungermannia apiculata var. nodulosa

authorship: Nees

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 105 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: woody


slug: frullania-asagrayana

scientific: Frullania asagrayana

epithet: asagrayana

Frullania grayana

authorship: Sull.

Frullania tamarisci subsp. asagrayana

authorship: (Mont.) S.Hatt.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 242 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Asa Gray's Scalewort
Asa Gray S Scalewort

names:
frullanie symbiotique
frullanie tamaris


slug: frullania-bolanderi

scientific: Frullania bolanderi

authorship: Austin

epithet: bolanderi

published_in: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 21(4): 226. 1869.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 96 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hairy Scalewort
Bolander S Scalewort

names: Фруллания Боландера

names:
frullanie chenille
frullanie de Bolander


slug: frullania-californica

scientific: Frullania californica

authorship: (Austin ex Underw.) A.Evans

epithet: californica

published_in: Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci. 10(1): 25. 1897.

Frullania asagrayana var. californica

authorship: (Austin ex Underw.) Pearson

Frullania grayana var. californica

authorship: Austin ex Underw.


slug: frullania-catalinae

scientific: Frullania catalinae

epithet: catalinae

published_in: Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci. 10(1): 11. 1897.


slug: frullania-deplanata

scientific: Frullania deplanata

epithet: deplanata

Frullania curnowii

authorship: Steph.

Frullania implexicaulis

authorship: Colenso


slug: frullania-dilatata

scientific: Frullania dilatata

authorship: (L.) Dumort.

epithet: dilatata

published_in: Recueil Observ. Jungerm.: 13. 1835.

Frullania dilatata f. fuscovirens

authorship: Jørg.

Frullania dilatata f. major

authorship: Torka

Frullania dilatata f. microphylla

authorship: (Wallr.) Nees

Frullania dilatata f. tenuissima

authorship: Matousch.

Frullania dilatata var. anomala

authorship: Corb.

Frullania dilatata var. microphylla

authorship: (Wallr.) Debat

Frullania dilatata var. subtilissima

authorship: (Nees) Debat

Frullania dilatata var. viridis

authorship: De Not.

Jungermannia cupressiformis

authorship: Lam.

Jungermannia dilatata

authorship: L.

Jungermannia dilatata var. microphylla

authorship: Wallr.

Jungermannia tamariscifolia

authorship: Schmidel ex Schrad.

Lejeunea dilatata

authorship: (L.) Corda

Salviatus dilatatus

authorship: (L.) Gray

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2021 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Фруллания расширенная

names:
frullaine
Frullanie dilatée

names: Фрулянія розширена

names: hjälmfrullania hjälmflikmossa

label: Visited by

label: Parasites

partners:
Octosporella erythrostigma
Pithyella frullaniae


slug: frullania-donnellii

scientific: Frullania donnellii

authorship: Austin

epithet: donnellii

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 6(52): 301. 1879.


slug: frullania-eboracensis

scientific: Frullania eboracensis

authorship: Lehm.

epithet: eboracensis

name: Frullania eboracensis subsp. eboracensis

Frullania eboracensis var. major

authorship: Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees

Frullania laeviscypha

authorship: Taylor

Frullania saxatilis

authorship: Lindenb.

Lejeunea eboracensis

authorship: (Lehm.) H.C.Beardslee

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1811 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.