slug: liparis-elliptica

scientific: Liparis elliptica

authorship: Wight

epithet: elliptica

Cestichis elliptica

authorship: (Wight) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Cestichis platybulba

authorship: (Hayata) Kudô

Leptorkis elliptica

authorship: (Wight) Kuntze

Liparis bicornuta

authorship: Schltr.

Liparis hookeri

authorship: Ridl.

Stichorkis elliptica

authorship: (Wight) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

codes: CHC CHS JAP NNS TAI CHT ASS EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MYA NEP PHI SRL THA VIE FIJ NWC

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Myanmar

code: MYA

Philippines

code: PHI

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

lifeform: pseudobulbous epiphyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 373 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Wight

published_in: Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 5: t. 1735

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-fleckeri

scientific: Liparis fleckeri

authorship: Nicholls

genus: Liparis

epithet: fleckeri

family: Orchidaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: N. Queensland Naturalist 6(53): 1 (1938)

preferred: Slender sphinx orchid

source: wikidata

Cestichis fleckeri

authorship: (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Stichorkis fleckeri

authorship: (Nicholls) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

Queensland

code: QLD

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

climate: wet tropical

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

authors: Nicholls

published_in: N. Queensland Naturalist vi. No. 53, I (1938)

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: liparis-formosana

scientific: Liparis formosana

epithet: formosana

Diteilis formosana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Empusa formosana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) T.C.Hsu

Liparis bicallosa var. hachijoensis

authorship: (Nakai) Kitam.

Liparis bituberculata var. formosana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Ridl.

Liparis bituberculata var. hachijoensis

authorship: (Nakai) T.Hashim.

Liparis formosana f. aureovariegata

authorship: Nakai

Liparis nervosa var. formosana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) M.Hiroe

codes: CHS JAP NNS TAI ASS

China Southeast

code: CHS

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

Japan

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

lifeform: pseudobulbous geophyte

climate: subtropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 385 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

names: 低地羊耳蒜 宝岛羊耳蒜

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life form

value: geophyte

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

published_in: Gard. Chron. n.s., 13: 394

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: liparis-gigantea

scientific: Liparis gigantea

epithet: gigantea

published_in: Sunyatsenia 1: 136 (1933)

Diteilis nigra

authorship: (Seidenf.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Empusa gigantea

authorship: (C.L.Tso) T.C.Hsu

Liparis macrantha

authorship: Rolfe

authorship: Rolfe ex Hemsl.

Liparis nigra

authorship: Seidenf.

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI CHT EHM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

Hainan

code: CHH

Tibet

code: CHT

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Thailand

region: Indo-China

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: pseudobulbous geophyte or lithophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 400 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 大花羊耳蒜 巨花羊耳蒜

value: lithophyte

published_in: Sunyatsenia 1: 136


slug: liparis-hawaiensis

scientific: Liparis hawaiensis

epithet: hawaiensis

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 207 (1867)

preferred: Hawai'i widelip orchid

english:
Hawai'i widelip orchid
`awapuhiakanaloa
twayblade

Leptorchis hawaiensis

authorship: (W.Mann) Kuntze

Leptorkis hawaiensis

authorship: (H.Mann) Kuntze

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

Hawaii

code: HAW

continent: PACIFIC

region: North-Central Pacific

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: twayblade `awapuhiakanaloa

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: capsule

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts vii. (1867) 207

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-kumokiri

scientific: Liparis kumokiri

epithet: kumokiri

Liparis auriculata var. kumokiri

authorship: (F.Maek.) M.Hiroe

codes: AMU JAP KHA KOR KRA KUR CHM PRM SAK

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

region: Siberia

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

Sakhalin

code: SAK

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 115 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
Глянцелистник Кумокири
Лосняк Кумокири

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-laxa

scientific: Liparis laxa

authorship: Schltr.

epithet: laxa

Liparis laxa var. pluridentata

authorship: (Kraenzl.) N.Hallé

Liparis pluridentata

authorship: Kraenzl.

Stichorkis laxa

authorship: (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

New Caledonia

code: NWC

region: Southwestern Pacific

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

authors: Schltr.

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39(1): 60


slug: liparis-liliifolia

scientific: Liparis liliifolia

authorship: (L.) Rich. ex Lindl.

epithet: liliifolia

preferred: brown widelip orchid

Achroanthes liliifolia

authorship: (L.) Raf.

Anistylis convallaria

authorship: Raf.

Leptorchis liliifolia

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Liparis liliifolia f. viridiflora

authorship: Wadmond

Ophrys caroliniana

authorship: Raeusch.

Ophrys liliifolia

authorship: L.

Ophrys trifolia

authorship: Walter

Sturmia liliifolia

authorship: (L.) Rchb.f.

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL GEO ILL INI IOW KTY MAI MRY MAS MIN MSI MSO NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT PEN SCA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2009 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
brown widelip orchid
brown wide-lip orchid

partners:
Ammophila kennedyi
Andrena pruni
Andrena salictaria
Andrena spiraeana
Anoplius illinoensis
Anoplodera pubera
Bibio albipennis
Ceratina dupla

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.


slug: liparis-loeselii

scientific: Liparis loeselii

authorship: (L.) Rich.

epithet: loeselii

published_in: De Orchid. Eur. : 38 (1817)

preferred: bog twayblade

english:
bog twayblade
fen orchid
yellow widelip orchid

Cymbidium loeselii

authorship: Sw.

Leptorchis loeselii

authorship: MacMill.

Leptorkis loeselii

authorship: (L.) MacMill.

Liparis correana

authorship: (W.P.C.Barton) Spreng.

Liparis loeselii f. lutosa

authorship: (Clairv.) Soó

Liparis loeselii f. ovata

authorship: (Ridd. ex Godfery) Soó

Liparis loeselii f. squamigera

authorship: Zapał.

Liparis loeselii var. lutosa

authorship: Clairv.

Liparis loeselii var. ovata

authorship: Ridd. ex Godfery

Liparis sachalinensis

authorship: Nakai

Malaxis correanaa

authorship: Bart.

Ophrys pulchella

authorship: Salisb.

Ophrys trigona

authorship: Gilib.

Paliris loeselii

authorship: (L.) Dumort.

Pseudorchis loeselii

authorship: (L.) Gray

Serapias loeselii

authorship: (L.) Hoffm.

Sturmia loeselii

authorship: (L.) Rchb.

codes: ALT KAZ SAK WSB AUT BLT BLR BGM RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB HUN ITA YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL ROM RUS SWE SWI UKR ALA ABT ARK BRC CNT DEL ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NDA NWT NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS SDA TEN VER VRG WAS WVA WIS

Altay

code: ALT

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Sakhalin

code: SAK

West Siberia

code: WSB

Austria

code: AUT

continent: EUROPE

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

North European Russia

code: RUN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1999 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Лосняк Лёзеля

names: льозелов липарис

names: Ласняк Лёзеля

partners:
Briza media
Carex pulicaris
Dactylorhiza majalis
Epipactis palustris
Parnassia palustris


slug: liparis-nakaharae

scientific: Liparis nakaharae

authorship: Hayata

epithet: nakaharae

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 310 (1911)

Cestichis kawakamii

authorship: (Hayata) Maek.

Cestichis nakaharae

authorship: (Hayata) Kudô

Cestichis nokoensis

authorship: (Fukuy.) Maek.

Cestichis taiwaniana

authorship: (Hayata) Nakai

Liparis nokoensis

authorship: Fukuy.

Liparis plicata var. kawakamii

authorship: (Hayata) S.S.Ying

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 240 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 凹唇羊耳蒜 長葉羊耳蒜

authors: Hayata

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(Art. 1):  310

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-nervosa

scientific: Liparis nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Lindl.

epithet: nervosa

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. : 26 (1830)

preferred: pantropical widelip orchid

source: usda

Cymbidium bituberculatum

authorship: Hook.

Cymbidium nervosum

authorship: (Thunb.) Sw.

Diteilis elata

authorship: (Lindl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Diteilis nepalensis

authorship: Raf.

Diteilis nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Empusa nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) T.C.Hsu

Epidendrum nervosum

authorship: (Thunb.) Thunb.

Iebine nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Raf.

Leptorchis bituberculata

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Leptorchis eggersii

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Kuntze

Leptorchis macrocarpa

authorship: (Hook.f.) Kuntze

Leptorkis bituberculata

authorship: (Hook.) Kuntze

Leptorkis nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Kuntze

Liparis bambusifolia

authorship: Makino

Liparis bituberculata

authorship: (Hook.) Lindl.

Liparis breviscapa

authorship: A.P.Das & Lama

Liparis elata

authorship: Lindl.

Liparis elata f. albiflora

authorship: Cogn.

Liparis elata var. latifolia

authorship: Ridl.

Liparis elata var. purpurascens

authorship: Regel

Liparis kappleri

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f.

Liparis khasiana

authorship: (Hook.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang

Liparis nervosa f. kappleri

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Christenson & Carnevali

Liparis violaceo-nervosa

authorship: Guillaumin

Ophrys nervosa

authorship: Thunb.

Sturmia bituberculata

authorship: (Hook.) Rchb.f.

Sturmia nervosa

authorship: (Thunb.) Rchb.f.

codes: ANG BEN BUR CMN CAF CON ZAI EQG ETH GAB GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN LBR NGA RWA REU SEN SIE TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM CHC CHS JAP KOR NNS TAI CHT ASS BAN CBD EHM IND JAW LAO MLY MOL MYA NEP PHI SRL SUM THA VIE WHM FLA MXG MXT MXS CRL MRN BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GAL GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT VEN WIN

Angola

code: ANG

continent: AFRICA

region: South Tropical Africa

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 321 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Black-flower widelip orchid
Pantropical Widelip Orchid

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-odorata-willd-lindl

scientific: Liparis odorata

authorship: (Willd.) Lindl.

epithet: odorata

preferred: fragrant liparis

Empusa odorata

authorship: (Willd.) T.C.Hsu

Leptorkis odorata

authorship: (Willd.) Kuntze

Leptorkis parishii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Kuntze

Liparis guamensis

authorship: Ames

Liparis longiscapa

authorship: (Rolfe & Downie) Gagnep.

Liparis odorata var. longiscapa

authorship: Rolfe & Downie

Liparis paradoxa

authorship: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

Liparis parishii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Hook.f.

Liparis simeonis

authorship: Schltr.

Liparis teniana

authorship: Kraenzl.

Liparis tonkinensis

authorship: Gagnep.

Malaxis lancifolia

authorship: Sm.

Malaxis odorata

authorship: Willd.

codes: CHC CHS JAP NNS CHT ASS BAN CBD EHM IND LAO MYA NEP SRL THA VIE WHM CRL

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Laos

code: LAO

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Caroline Is.

code: CRL

region: Northwestern Pacific

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 26

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-odorata-lindl

authorship: Lindl.

names: 见血清 二仙桃

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol LIOD

license: public domain

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: liparis-reflexa

scientific: Liparis reflexa

authorship: (R.Br.) Lindl.

epithet: reflexa

Cestichis reflexa

authorship: (R.Br.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Leptorchis reflexa

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Leptorkis reflexa

authorship: (R.Br.) Kuntze

Stichorkis decursiva

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

Stichorkis reflexa

authorship: (R.Br.) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

Sturmia cuneilabris

authorship: Benth.

Sturmia reflexa

authorship: (R.Br.) F.Muell.

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

lifeform: epiphyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 332 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Flowering months

value: Feb-Jun

published_in: Bot. Reg. 11: sub t. 882


slug: liparis-remota

scientific: Liparis remota

authorship: J.Stewart & Schelpe

epithet: remota

published_in: Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 50: 552 (1981)

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CPP SWZ NAT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: J.Stewart & Schelpe

published_in: Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 50(5): 552

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-swenssonii

scientific: Liparis swenssonii

epithet: swenssonii

published_in: Queensland Agric. J. 16: 564 (1906)

preferred: Northern tom cats

Cestichis swenssonii

authorship: (F.M.Bailey) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Liparis reflexa var. parviflora

authorship: Nicholls

Stichorkis swenssonii

authorship: (F.M.Bailey) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 85 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Northern tom cats
Northern Tom Cat

value: Feb-Jul

published_in: Queensland Agric. J. xvi. 564 (1906)

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-vexillifera

scientific: Liparis vexillifera

authorship: (Lex.) Cogn.

epithet: vexillifera

preferred: Tropical widelip orchid

english:
Tropical widelip orchid
tropical widelip orchid

Cymbidium vexilliferum

authorship: Lex.

Leptorchis campestris

authorship: (Barb.Rodr.) Kuntze

Leptorchis elliptica

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Kuntze

Leptorchis vexillifera

authorship: (La Llave & Lex.) Kuntze

Leptorchis vexillifera var. latifolia

authorship: (Cogn.) Kuntze

Leptorkis vexillifera

authorship: Kuntze

authorship: (Lex.) Kuntze

Liparis galeottiana

authorship: (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Hemsl.

Liparis vexillifera var. galeottiana

authorship: (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Ames & Correll

Liparis vexillifera var. latifolia

authorship: Cogn.

Malaxis galeottiana

authorship: A.Rich. & Galeotti

codes: MXC MXE MXN MXT MXS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

El Salvador

code: ELS

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

authors: Cogn.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparis-viridiflora

scientific: Liparis viridiflora

authorship: (Blume) Lindl.

epithet: viridiflora

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. : 31 (1830)

Cestichis kempteriana

authorship: (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones

Cestichis longipes

authorship: (Lindl.) Ames

Cestichis pendula

authorship: Pfitzer

Leptorchis longipes

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

Leptorchis triloba

authorship: (Ridl.) Kuntze

Leptorkis viridiflora

authorship: (Blume) Kuntze

Liparis boothii

authorship: Regel

Liparis kempteriana

authorship: Schltr.

Liparis longipes

authorship: Lindl.

Liparis longipes var. spathulata

authorship: (Lindl.) Ridl.

Liparis simondii

authorship: Gagnep.

Liparis triloba

authorship: Ridl.

Liparis viridiflora var. spathulata

authorship: (Lindl.) A.N.Rao

Malaxis viridiflora

authorship: Blume

Stichorkis kempteriana

authorship: (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

Stichorkis pendula

authorship: (Pfitzer) Pfitzer

Stichorkis viridiflora

authorship: (Blume) Marg., Szlach. & Kulak

Sturmia longipes

authorship: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI CHT ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Philippines

code: PHI

names: เอื้องข้าวสาร

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparophyllum-exaltatum

scientific: Liparophyllum exaltatum

authorship: (Sims) Tippery & Les

genus: Liparophyllum

epithet: exaltatum

family: Menyanthaceae

Menyanthes exaltata

authorship: Sims

Renealmia exaltata

authorship: Kuntze

Villarsia exaltata

authorship: (Sims) G.Don

codes: NSW QLD TAS VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 140 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Sims) Tippery & Les

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liparophyllum-gunnii

scientific: Liparophyllum gunnii

epithet: gunnii

Limnanthemum gunnii

authorship: (Hook.f.) Hook.f.

codes: NZN NZS TAS

New Zealand North

code: NZN

region: New Zealand

New Zealand South

code: NZS

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 92 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: tree

published_in: London J. Bot. 6: 473

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lipochaeta-lobata

scientific: Lipochaeta lobata

authorship: (Gaudich.) DC.

genus: Lipochaeta

epithet: lobata

family: Asteraceae

preferred: shrubland nehe

Lipochaeta lobata var. albescens

authorship: Sherff

Lipochaeta lobata var. aprevalliana

authorship: (del Castillo) Sherff

Lipochaeta lobata var. denticulata

authorship: (Wawra) Sherff

Lipochaeta lobata var. grossedentata

authorship: O.Deg. & Sherff

Lipochaeta lobata var. hastulata

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Sherff

Microchaeta lobata

authorship: (Gaudich.) Nutt.

Hawaii

code: HAW

region: North-Central Pacific

value: subshrub

value: achene

authors: (Gaudich.) DC.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: lippia-alba

scientific: Lippia alba

authorship: (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P.Wilson

genus: Lippia

epithet: alba

family: Verbenaceae

published_in: Bot. Porto Rico  6: 141 (1925)

preferred: bushy lippia

Camara alba

authorship: (Mill.) Kuntze

Lantana alba

authorship: Mill.

Lantana alba f. rubella

authorship: Moldenke

Lantana cuneatifolia

authorship: Klotzsch ex Walp.

Lantana geminata

authorship: (Kunth) Spreng.

Lantana lippioides

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Lantana malabarica

authorship: Hayek

Lantana mollissima

authorship: Desf.

Lantana odorata

authorship: (Pers.) Weigelt ex Cham.

Lippia alba var. globiflora

authorship: (L'Hér.) Moldenke

Lippia asperifolia

authorship: Poepp. ex Cham.

Lippia carterae

authorship: (Moldenke) G.L.Nesom

Lippia citrata

authorship: Willd. ex Cham.

Lippia crenata

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Lippia geminata

authorship: Kunth

Lippia geminata var. microphylla

authorship: Griseb.

Lippia globiflora

authorship: (L'Hér.) Kuntze

Lippia globiflora var. geminata

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Lippia havanensis

authorship: Turcz.

Lippia lantanoides

authorship: (Lam.) Herter

Lippia unica

authorship: Ramakr.

Verbena globiflora

authorship: L'Hér.

Verbena globulifera

authorship: Spreng.

Verbena lantanoides

authorship: (Lam.) Willd. ex Spreng.

Zappania geminata

authorship: (Kunth) Gibert

Zappania globiflora

authorship: (L'Hér.) Willd.

authorship: (L'Hér.) Juss.

Zappania lantanoides

authorship: Lam.

Zappania odorata

authorship: Pers.

codes: FLA MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS TEX AGE AGW BAH BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SWC SUR TRT TCI URU VEN VNA WIN

Florida

code: FLA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bahamas

code: BAH

region: Caribbean

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1002 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Citral

activities: Allergenic Antiallergenic Antiallergic Antianaphylactic Antibacterial Anticancer Antihelicobacter Antiherpetic

activities: (-)-Chronotropic (-)-Inotropic Acaricide Allelopathic Allergenic Anesthetic Anthelmintic Antiacetylcholinesterase

Camphor

activities: Allelopathic Analgesic Anesthetic Antiacne Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antiemetic Antifeedant

Limonene

activities: AChE-Inhibitor Acaricide Allelochemic Allergenic Antiacetylcholinesterase Antiadenomic Antialzheimeran? Antiasthmatic

Geraniol

activities:
Allergenic
Anthelmintic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Pancreas)
Anticariogenic
Antimelanomic
Antisalmonella
Antiseptic

Alpha-pinene

activities: Allelochemic Allergenic Antiacne Antibacterial Antifeedant Antiflu Antiinflammatory Antipneumonic

activities: Anthelmintic Hirudicide Nematicide Pesticide

Neral

activities: Antibacterial Antispasmodic Pesticide Termiticide

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Липпия белая

names:
Barbados sage, Thé citronnelle, Brisée
Brisée

partners:
Apis mellifera
Anthanassa texana
Chlosyne lacinia crocale
Cigaritis vulcanus
Hemiargus ceraunus
Zeta argillaceum

partners:
Anartia jatrophae
Apis dorsata
Appias libythea
Cepora nerissa
Cethosia cyane
Chromacris speciosa
Danaus chrysippus
Danaus genutia

published_in: Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands 6: 141


slug: lippia-cardiostegia

scientific: Lippia cardiostegia

authorship: Benth.

epithet: cardiostegia

published_in: Bot. Voy. Sulphur : 153 (1846)

Lippia brenesii

authorship: Standl.

Lippia cardiostegia f. skutchii

authorship: Moldenke

Lippia myriocephala var. ovatifolia

authorship: (Briq.) Moldenke

Lippia salamensis

authorship: Loes.

codes: MXT BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: shrub or tree

value: shrub

value: woody

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: Benth.

published_in: Bot. Voy. Sulphur [Bentham] 153

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: lippia-chiapasensis

scientific: Lippia chiapasensis

epithet: chiapasensis

published_in: Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg  53: 78 (1911 publ. 1912)

codes: MXE MXT MXS ELS GUA

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

authors: Loes.


slug: lippia-coarctata

scientific: Lippia coarctata

authorship: Tronc.

epithet: coarctata

codes: AGE BZS URU

Uruguay

code: URU

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 40 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Tronc.

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-dulcis

scientific: Lippia dulcis

authorship: Trevir.

epithet: dulcis

published_in: Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur.  13: 187 (1826)

Lippia asperifolia

authorship: Rchb.

Lippia dulcis var. mexicana

authorship: Wehmer

Phyla dulcis

authorship: (Trevir.) Moldenke

Phyla scaberrima

authorship: (Juss. ex Pers.) Moldenke

Zappania scaberrima

authorship: Juss. ex Pers.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS CUB DOM ELS GUA HON NIC PAN PUE VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Colombia

code: CLM

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Quercetin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor ATPase-Inhibitor Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic

names: Orozul Orozuz

names: Фила шершавая

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: chamaephyte

published_in: Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 13(1): 187

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-formosa

scientific: Lippia formosa

authorship: Brandegee

epithet: formosa

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 2, 3: 163 (1891)

codes: MXN MXS

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

climate: desert or dry shrubland

authors: Brandegee

published_in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, 3: 163


slug: lippia-hirsuta

scientific: Lippia hirsuta

epithet: hirsuta

Dipterocalyx scaberrimus

authorship: Schltdl.

Lippia floribunda

authorship: Briq.

Lippia hirsuta var. moritzii

authorship: (Turcz.) López-Pal.

Lippia hirsuta var. sphacelifolia

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Lippia moritzii

authorship: Turcz.

codes: CLM VEN

lifeform: scrambling shrub or tree

names: Bunquín Sacacandela

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

published_in: Suppl. Pl. 288


slug: lippia-javanica

scientific: Lippia javanica

authorship: (Burm.f.) Spreng.

epithet: javanica

Blairia javanica

authorship: (Burm.f.) Gaertn.

Lantana lavandulacea

authorship: Willd.

Lippia asperifolia

authorship: A.Rich. ex Marthe

Lippia capensis

authorship: (Thunb.) Spreng.

Lippia scabra

authorship: Hochst.

Phyla javanica

authorship: (Burm.f.) Moldenke

Verbena capensis

authorship: Thunb.

Verbena odorata

authorship: Desf. ex Steud.

Zappania javanica

authorship: (Burm.f.) Lam.

Zappania odoratissima

authorship: Scop.

codes: ANG BOT CPP CAF ZAI SWZ ETH KEN NAT MLW MOZ TVL TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

region: South Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Central African Republic

code: CAF

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1493 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Ocimene

activities: Insecticide Perfumery

Linalool

activities: Acaricide Allergenic Analgesic Anesthetic Antiacetylcholinesterase Antiallergic Antianaphylactic Antibacterial

Caryophyllene

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic Antiacne Antiasthmatic Antibacterial Anticariogenic Antidermatitic

Choline

activities: Antialzheimeran Antichoreic Anticirrhotic Anticystinuric Antidementia Antidiabetic Antidyskinetic Antihomocysteine

Myrcene

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic Antibacterial Anticonvulsant Antimutagenic Antinitrosaminic

P-cymene

activities: Analgesic Antiacetylcholinesterase Antibacillary Antibacterial Antiflu Antirheumatalgic Antiviral FLavor

Ipsdienone

activities: Coleopterifuge Insectifuge

Icterogenin

activities: Icterogenic Toxic

names:
Fever Tea
Fever Tree

names: Beukebos Koorseteebossie

names: mumara mushani

names: mussutane musutswane

names: Musukudu bokhukhwane

names: musuzwani ntungufana

names: Mukundamboho musudzungwane

names: inzinziniba umzinzinibe

names: Ubani Umombongwana

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Mononychellus lippiae
Tetranychus neocalidonicus


slug: lippia-junelliana

scientific: Lippia junelliana

authorship: (Moldenke) Tronc.

epithet: junelliana

Lantana junelliana

authorship: Moldenke

Lippia crenata

authorship: (Griseb.) Kuntze

Lippia lantanifolia var. crenata

authorship: Griseb.

codes: AGE AGW

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 120 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Moldenke) Tronc.

published_in: Darwiniana 10: 75

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-lupulina

scientific: Lippia lupulina

authorship: Cham.

epithet: lupulina

Lippia lupulina var. albiflora

authorship: Tronc.

Lippia paraguariensis

authorship: Briq.

codes: AGE BOL BZN BZS BZL BZC PAR

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

authors: Cham.

published_in: Linnaea 7: 222

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-myriocephala

scientific: Lippia myriocephala

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

epithet: myriocephala

Buddleja bracteolata

authorship: Kraenzl.

Lippia myriocephala var. hypoleia

authorship: (Briq.) Moldenke

Lippia myriocephala var. integrifolia

authorship: Loes.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

names:
Colpanchi blanco
Palo popotoca

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

authors: Schltdl. & Cham.

published_in: Linnaea 5: 98


slug: lippia-oaxacana

scientific: Lippia oaxacana

authorship: B.L.Rob. & Greenm.

epithet: oaxacana

codes: MXC MXS

authors: B.L.Rob. & Greenm.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-rehmannii

scientific: Lippia rehmannii

epithet: rehmannii

Lantana bazeiana

authorship: (H.Pearson) Prain

codes: ANG CPP SWZ OFS NAT MLW NAM TVL RWA ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Rwanda

code: RWA

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 80 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Beukesbossie Rehmannlippia


slug: lippia-stoechadifolia

scientific: Lippia stoechadifolia

authorship: (L.) Kunth

epithet: stoechadifolia

preferred: southern fogfruit

Lippia longifolia

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Panope stechadifolia

authorship: (L.) Raf.

Phyla stoechadifolia

authorship: (L.) Small

Verbena stoechadifolia

authorship: L.

Verbena subfruticosa

authorship: Aubl.

Verbena suffruticosa

authorship: Steud.

Zappania reclinata

authorship: Lam.

Zappania staechadifolia

authorship: (L.) Juss.

codes: MXG MXE MXT MXS BAH BLZ CUB DOM GUA HAI HON JAM LEE NIC PUE TCI VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Bahamas

code: BAH

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Jamaica

code: JAM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Turks-Caicos Is.

code: TCI

Venezuela

code: VEN

names:
Marsh phyla
Southern Fogfruit

partners:
Hylephila phyleus
Leptotes cassius
Megachile albitarsis

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-suffruticosa

scientific: Lippia suffruticosa

authorship: (Griseb.) Kuntze

epithet: suffruticosa

Lippia geminata var. suffruticosa

authorship: Griseb.

codes: AGW BOL PAR

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Paraguay

code: PAR

authors: (Griseb.) Kuntze


slug: lippia-turbinata

scientific: Lippia turbinata

epithet: turbinata

published_in: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen  19: 243 (1874)

Lippia aprica

authorship: Phil.

Lippia globiflora f. glabriuscula

authorship: Kuntze

Lippia turbinata f. angustifolia

authorship: Osten ex Moldenke

Lippia turbinata f. magnifolia

authorship: Moldenke

codes: AGE AGW BOL CLN PER

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Chile North

code: CLN

Peru

code: PER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 173 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Griseb.


slug: lippia-turnerifolia

scientific: Lippia turnerifolia

authorship: Cham.

epithet: turnerifolia

Lippia modesta

authorship: Briq.

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL BZC PAR URU

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lippia-umbellata

scientific: Lippia umbellata

authorship: Cav.

epithet: umbellata

Lippia callicarpifolia

authorship: Kunth

Lippia callicarpifolia var. briquetiana

authorship: Loes.

Lippia calocephala

authorship: Zucc.

Lippia guatemalensis

authorship: Gand.

Lippia iodantha

authorship: B.L.Rob. & Greenm. ex Pringle

Lippia kellermanii

authorship: Greenm.

Lippia substrigosa

authorship: Turcz.

Lippia torresii

authorship: Standl.

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 126 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hierba Dulce
Hierba Mula

partners:
Baeotis zonata
Brangas neora
Calydna sturnula
Doxocopa laure laure
Ipidecla miadora
Melanchroia chephise
Mestra amymone
Phoebis agarithe agarithe

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

value: phanerophyte

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liquidambar-chinensis

scientific: Liquidambar chinensis

authorship: Champ. ex Benth.

genus: Liquidambar

epithet: chinensis

family: Altingiaceae

published_in: Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 164 (1852)

Altingia chinensis

authorship: (Champ. ex Benth.) Oliv. ex Hance

codes: CHC CHS CHH VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Vietnam

code: VIE

region: Indo-China

names: 蕈树 中華蕈樹

names:
Gai Bôm
To Hap Trung Hoa

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: evergreen

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Champ. ex Benth.

published_in: Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 164

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: liquidambar-formosana

scientific: Liquidambar formosana

authorship: Hance

epithet: formosana

Liquidambar acerifolia

authorship: Maxim.

Liquidambar edentata

authorship: Merr.

Liquidambar formosana var. monticola

authorship: Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Liquidambar maximowiczii

authorship: Miq.

Liquidambar rosthornii

authorship: Diels

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHH KOR TAI LAO VIE

China North-Central

code: CHN

Korea

code: KOR

region: Eastern Asia

Taiwan

code: TAI

Laos

code: LAO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1409 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Chinese Sweet Gum
Formosan Sweetgum

names: 枫树 路路通

names: Ликвидамбар формозский

names: タイワンフウ フウ

names: เมเปิลหอม เมเปิลไต้หวัน

partners:
Saturnia pyretorum
Actias ningpoana
Actias sinensis subaurea
Callosciurus erythraeus
Lymantria mathura
Thecobathra lambda

partners:
Comperiella bifasciata
Trabala vishnou

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Cuscuta japonica
Phoradendron
Taxillus sutchuenensis  var. duclouxii

value: deciduous

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liquidambar-orientalis

scientific: Liquidambar orientalis

authorship: Mill.

epithet: orientalis

preferred: Oriental Sweetgum

english:
Oriental Sweetgum
Oriental sweetgum

Liquidambar imberbis

authorship: Aiton

name: Liquidambar orientalis subsp. orientalis

Liquidambar orientalis var. integriloba

authorship: Fiori

codes: EAI TUR

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 59 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Cinnamic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Anesthetic Antibacterial Antiinflammatory Antimutagenic Antispasmodic Cancer-Preventive

Oleanolic-acid

activities: Abortifacient AntiHIV AntiPGE2 AntiTGF-beta Antiallergic Antiarrhythmic Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial

Vanillin

activities: Allelochemic Allergenic Antianemic Anticancer Antidrepanocytic Antiescherichic Antilactobacillic Antilisteria

Ethanol

activities: Allergenic Anesthetic Anhydrotic Antiatherosclerotic Antibacterial Antipruritic Antiseptic CNS-Depressant

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

Shikimic-acid

activities: Analgesic Anticancer Anticonvulsant Antioxidant Antiradicular Antispasmodic Antitumor Antitumor-Promoter

Benzyl-alcohol

activities: Allergenic Anesthetic Antiodontalgic Antipruritic Antiseptic FLavor Fungicide Pesticide

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

names:
Oriental Sweetgum
Oriental sweet-gum

names: 合香 苏合香

names: Ликвидамбар восточный

names:
Storaxbaum
orientalischer Amberbaum

names:
Copalme d'Orient
Liquidambar oriental

names:
Anadolu Sığla Ağacı
Sığla ağacı

names: Ζηδιά Ζητιά

authors: Mill.

published_in: Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 2

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liquidambar-styraciflua

scientific: Liquidambar styraciflua

authorship: L.

epithet: styraciflua

preferred: American sweetgum

english:
American sweetgum
American Sweetgum
Sweet Gum
sweetgum

source: inat

Liquidambar barbata

authorship: Stokes

Liquidambar gummifera

authorship: Salisb.

Liquidambar macrophylla

authorship: Oerst.

Liquidambar styraciflua f. pendula

authorship: Rehder

name: Liquidambar styraciflua var. macrophylla

authorship: Nied.

Liquidambar tuberculata

authorship: Silba

codes: ALA ARK CNT FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS MSI MSO NCA OKL PEN SCA TEN TEX WVA BLZ ELS GUA HON NIC

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

West Virginia

code: WVA

Belize

code: BLZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1961 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Ellagic-acid

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Abortifacient Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiGTF AntiHIV Antiaflatoxin Antianaphylactic Antibacterial

Quercitrin

activities: ACE-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiarrhythmic Antibacterial Anticataract Antiedemic Antifeedant Antiflu

Myricitrin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antibacterial Antiinflammatory Antimutagenic Antioxidant Antitumor-Promoter Candidicide Choleretic

names:
Ликвидамбар смолоносный
Ликвидамбр смолоносный

names: アメリカフウ モミジバフウ

names: Copalme d'Amérique, Styrax d'Amérique, Liquidambar

names:
Ambrowiec Amerykański
Ambrowiec Balsamiczny

names: Амброве дерево американське

partners:
Acronicta oblinita
Actias luna
Cardinalis cardinalis
Cyrtolobus togatus
Eacles imperialis
Heliria cornutula
Lasiurus seminolus
Leucochrysa pavida

partners:
Actias luna
Homalodisca vitripennis
Lymantria dispar
Pissonotus piceus
Telamona reclivata
Telamona salvini
Telamona tiliae
Acanthis flammea

partners:
Alternaria alternata
Candidatus Phytoplasma sp.
Encarsia protransvena
Gliocladium sp.
Microterys sylvius
Niesslia mucida
Penicillium verrucosum
Pholiota squarrosa

partners:
Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense
Lymantria dispar asiatica
Lymantria dispar japonica
Tetropium fuscum

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

quote: Sweetgum is a deciduous tree that is a member of the Hamamelidaceae, or witch-hazel family.

quote: The trees can reach 30 to 40 meters in height

quote: the leaves turn bright yellow to deep red in the fall

quote: The small, greenish inconspicuous flowers have no true petals.

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: liriodendron-chinense

scientific: Liriodendron chinense

authorship: (Hemsl.) Sarg.

genus: Liriodendron

epithet: chinense

family: Magnoliaceae

preferred: Chinese Tulip Tree

english:
Chinese Tulip Tree
Chinese Whitewood
Chinese tuliptree

source: wikidata

Liriodendron tulipifera var. chinense

authorship: Hemsl.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: CHN CHC CHS VIE

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Vietnam

code: VIE

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

names:
Chinese Tulip Tree
Chinese tuliptree

names: 马褂木 鹅掌楸

names: Лириодендрон китайский

names: ทิวลิปทรีจีน

partners:
Lepidoptera
Papilio elwesi

authors: (Hemsl.) Sarg.

published_in: Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 1(3): 103, t. 52


slug: liriodendron-tulipifera

scientific: Liriodendron tulipifera

epithet: tulipifera

preferred: American tuliptree

english:
American tuliptree
Tulip tree
Yellow poplar
tulip poplar
tuliptree

Liriodendron fastigiatum

authorship: Dippel

name: Liriodendron tulipifera f. aureomarginatum

authorship: Schelle

Liriodendron tulipifera f. fastigiatum

authorship: (H.Jaeger) Schelle

name: Liriodendron tulipifera f. heterophyllum

name: Liriodendron tulipifera f. integrifolium

authorship: (G.Kirchn.) Schelle

Liriodendron tulipifera f. obtusilobum

authorship: (Michx.) Schelle

name: Liriodendron tulipifera subsp. integrifolium

authorship: (G.Kirchn.) K.Koch

name: Liriodendron tulipifera subsp. obtusilobum

authorship: (Michx.) K.Koch

Liriodendron tulipifera var. acutilobum

authorship: Michx.

name: Liriodendron tulipifera var. fastigiatum

Liriodendron tulipifera var. flava

authorship: Loudon

name: Liriodendron tulipifera var. integrifolium

authorship: (K.Koch) Dippel

name: Liriodendron tulipifera var. obtusilobum

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MAS MIC MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA OHI ONT PEN RHO SCA TEN VER VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Rhode I.

code: RHO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1988 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Tulipífero de Virginia
Tulípero de Virginia

names:
Лириодендрон тюльпановый
Тюльпанное дерево

names: チューリップノキ ユリノキ

names: Тюльпанне дерево

names: ทิวลิปทรีอเมริกัน

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Apis mellifera
Apoidea
Bombus
Bombus lucorum
Bombus terrestris
Calliphora
Calliphoridae
Episyrphus balteatus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus impatiens
Ancistrocerus
Archilochus colubris
Colletes thoracicus
Gnorimella maculosa
Icterus galbula
Melanerpes carolinus

partners:
Enchenopa binotata
Illinoia liriodendri
Spodoptera eridania
Actias luna
Antheraea polyphemus
Archasia belfragei
Aurantiporus fissilis
Automeris io

partners:
Anicetus toumeyellae
Pachyneuron aphidis

partners:
Davidsoniella virescens
Erysiphe liriodendri
Phytophthora cinnamomi

quote: the tulip poplar or tuliptree, is a large, fast-growing, long-lived, deciduous tree

quote: leaves are tulip shaped, smooth on both surfaces, alternate, simple

quote: A teacup shaped perfect flower emerges in late April to June


slug: liriope-graminifolia

scientific: Liriope graminifolia

authorship: (L.) Baker

genus: Liriope

epithet: graminifolia

family: Asparagaceae

preferred: lilyturf

Asparagus graminifolius

authorship: L.

Convallaria spicata

authorship: Thunb.

Globeria autumnalis

authorship: Raf.

Globeria spicata

authorship: (Thunb.) Raf.

Liriope angustissima

authorship: Ohwi

Liriope minor var. angustissima

authorship: (Ohwi) S.S.Ying

Mondo graminifolium

authorship: (L.) Koidz.

Ophiopogon graminifolius

authorship: (L.) H.R.Wehrh.

Ophiopogon spicatus

authorship: (Thunb.) Hook.

Slateria repens

authorship: Siebold

codes: CHN CHC CHS TAI PHI

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Philippines

code: PHI

region: Malesia

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 145 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 湖北麦冬 麦冬

names: Лириопе злаколистная

value: non-woody

value: geophyte

authors: Baker

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 538

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: liriope-muscari

scientific: Liriope muscari

authorship: (Decne.) L.H.Bailey

epithet: muscari

published_in: Gentes Herbarum 2: 35 (1929)

preferred: Big blue lilyturf'

english:
Big blue lilyturf'
big blue lilyturf

Liriope exiliflora

authorship: (L.H.Bailey) H.H.Hume

Liriope graminifolia var. albiflora

authorship: Makino

Liriope graminifolia var. densifolia

authorship: Maxim. ex Baker

Liriope graminifolia var. variegata

authorship: (L.H.Bailey) Makino

Liriope muscari f. albiflora

authorship: (Makino) Nemoto

Liriope muscari f. exiliflora

authorship: (L.H.Bailey) H.Hara

Liriope muscari f. latifolia

authorship: (Makino) H.Hara

Liriope muscari var. communis

authorship: (Maxim.) Nakai

authorship: (Maxim.) P.S.Hsu & L.Chu Li

Liriope platyphylla

authorship: F.T.Wang & Tang

Liriope platyphylla f. variegata

authorship: (L.H.Bailey) Ishii & Hosaka

Liriope platyphylla var. albiflora

authorship: (Makino) Honda

Liriope spicata var. densiflora

authorship: (Maxim. ex Baker) C.H.Wright

Liriope spicata var. latifolia

authorship: Franch.

Ophiopogon muscari

authorship: Decne.

Ophiopogon spicatus var. communis

authorship: Maxim.

codes: CHN CHC CHS JAP KOR NNS TAI

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

lifeform: perennial or tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1505 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
big blue lilyturf
Big blue lilyturf'

names: 土麦冬 短莛山麦冬

names: barba-de-serpente liriopes

names: Лириопа мускари

names: maegmundong 맥문동

names: ליריופה כדנית

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Bombus ignitus
Lasioglossum japonicum
Nonartha cyaneum

partners:
Anagrapha falcifera
Bombus ignitus
Bombus impatiens
Lasioglossum japonicum
Pieris rapae

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Sphecius speciosus

label: Growth habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: liriope-spicata

scientific: Liriope spicata

authorship: Lour.

epithet: spicata

preferred: creeping lilyturf

english:
creeping lilyturf
creeping liriope

Liriope graminifolia var. koreana

authorship: (Palib.) Nakai

Liriope spicata f. koreana

authorship: (Palib.) H.Hara

Liriope tawadae

authorship: Ohwi

Mondo fauriei

authorship: (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Farw.

Mondo koreanum

authorship: (Palib.) Hiatsusima

Ophiopogon fauriei

authorship: H.Lév. & Vaniot

Ophiopogon koreanus

authorship: (Palib.) Masam.

Ophiopogon spicatus

authorship: (Lour.) Ker Gawl.

Ophiopogon spicatus var. confusus

authorship: Pamp.

Ophiopogon spicatus var. koreanus

authorship: Palib.

Ophiopogon tawadae

authorship: (Ohwi) Masam.

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHH JAP KOR NNS TAI CBD VIE

Hainan

code: CHH

Cambodia

code: CBD

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 432 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
creeping lilyturf
creeping liriope

names: 湖北麦冬 麥門冬

names: Лириопе колосистая

names: ליריופה משובלת

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

label: Woodiness

label: Life form

value: perennial


slug: lisianthius-axillaris

scientific: Lisianthius axillaris

authorship: (Hemsl.) Kuntze

genus: Lisianthius

epithet: axillaris

family: Gentianaceae

Leianthus axillaris

authorship: Hemsl.

Lisianthius francisiae

authorship: Sprague

codes: MXG MXE MXT BLZ GUA

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Belize

code: BLZ

Guatemala

code: GUA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 67 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Kuntze

published_in: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 429

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: lisianthius-laxiflorus

scientific: Lisianthius laxiflorus

authorship: Urb.

epithet: laxiflorus

preferred: campanilla amarilla

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

region: Caribbean

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 48 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Life cycle

authors: Urb.

published_in: Symb. Antill. (Urban). 3(2): 332

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lisianthius-nigrescens

scientific: Lisianthius nigrescens

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

epithet: nigrescens

Leianthus nigrescens

authorship: (Cham. & Schltdl.) Griseb.

Lisianthius nigrescens var. chiapensis

authorship: Weaver

Petasostylis nigrescens

authorship: (Schltdl. & Cham.) Griseb.

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Cham. & Schltdl.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: lisianthius-quichensis

scientific: Lisianthius quichensis

epithet: quichensis

codes: MXT MXS GUA

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: lisianthius-seemannii

scientific: Lisianthius seemannii

authorship: (Griseb.) Kuntze

epithet: seemannii

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: lissanthe-strigosa

scientific: Lissanthe strigosa

authorship: (Sm.) R.Br.

genus: Lissanthe

epithet: strigosa

family: Ericaceae

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 540 (1810)

Lissanthe intermedia

authorship: A.Cunn. ex DC.

Lissanthe rigida

authorship: Benth.

Styphelia strigosa

authorship: Sm.

codes: NSW QLD SOA TAS VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1252 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

label: Height

value: 1 m

value: Aug-Nov

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 540


slug: listia-bainesii

scientific: Listia bainesii

authorship: (Baker) B.-E.van Wyk & Boatwr.

genus: Listia

epithet: bainesii

family: Fabaceae

preferred: lotononis

source: usda

Amphinomia bainesii

authorship: (Baker) A.Schreib.

Lotononis bainesii

authorship: Baker

Lotononis bainesii var. pottiae

authorship: Burtt Davy

codes: BOT CPP MOZ NAM TVL

Botswana

code: BOT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

lifeform: scrambling perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 299 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 罗顿豆 牧用蔓罗豆

partners:
Apis mellifera
Megachile murina

label: Fruit type

value: pod

authors: (Baker) B.-E.van Wyk & Boatwr.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol LOBA5


slug: listia-heterophylla

scientific: Listia heterophylla

epithet: heterophylla

published_in: Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. : 81 (1836)

Lotononis listii

authorship: Polhill

codes: BOT CPP SWZ OFS LES MOZ NAM TVL ZAM ZIM

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

Lesotho

code: LES

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

published_in: Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. (Meyer) 81 (1835)


slug: litanthus-pusillus

scientific: Litanthus pusillus

authorship: Harv.

genus: Litanthus

epithet: pusillus

Drimia uniflora

authorship: J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

codes: BOT CPP SWZ OFS NAT LES TVL ZIM

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 65 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Fairy Bell
Fairy Snowdrop

authors: Harv.

published_in: London J. Bot. 3: 315, t. 9

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: litchi-chinensis

scientific: Litchi chinensis

authorship: Sonn.

genus: Litchi

epithet: chinensis

family: Sapindaceae

preferred: litchi

english: litchi lychee

Corvinia litschi

authorship: Stadtm. ex P.Willemet

Euphoria didyma

authorship: Blanco

Euphoria litchi

authorship: Desf.

Euphoria punicea

authorship: Lam.

Nephelium chinense

authorship: (Sonn.) Druce

Nephelium didymum

authorship: (Blanco) Craib

Nephelium litchi

authorship: Steud.

authorship: Cambess.

Sapindus edulis

authorship: Aiton

Scytalia chinensis

authorship: Gaertn.

Scytalia litschi

authorship: Roxb.

Scytalia squamosa

authorship: Stokes

codes: CHS CHH ASS BOR JAW LAO MLY MYA NWG PHI THA VIE

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Borneo

code: BOR

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Philippines

code: PHI

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 237 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: litchi Lichee

names: 荔枝 荔枝叶

names: lichi Lixia

names: Личи китайская

names: ライチ レイシ

names:
Chinesische Haselnuss
Liebesfrucht

names: Letchi Litchi

names: 리치 여지

partners:
Apis mellifera
Braunsapis facialis
Ctenoceratina
Diptera
Formicidae
Plebeina armata
Vespidae

partners:
Apis cerana
Apis dorsata
Apis florea
Apis mellifera
Coccinella septempunctata
Episyrphus balteatus
Eristalis tenax
Eupeodes corollae

partners:
Pteropus niger
Epomophorus wahlbergi
Aceria litchii
Achaea janata
Acrocercops hierocosma
Adoxophyes fasciculana
Anthene emolus
Anthene lycaenoides

partners:
Cephaleuros virescens
Eriophyes
Lychee viroid-like RNA
Meloidogyne enterolobii

value: tree

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithocarpus-amygdalifolius

scientific: Lithocarpus amygdalifolius

authorship: (Skan) Hayata

genus: Lithocarpus

epithet: amygdalifolius

family: Fagaceae

published_in: Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos. : 72 (1917)

name: Lithocarpus amygdalifolius var. amygdalifolius

Pasania amygdalifolia

authorship: (Skan) Schottky

Quercus amygdalifolia

authorship: Skan

Synaedrys amygdalifolia

authorship: (Skan) Koidz.

codes: CHS CHH TAI VIE

Taiwan

code: TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 229 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names: 校力 杏叶柯

authors: (Skan) Hayata

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 192 (1931)


slug: lithocarpus-brevicaudatus

scientific: Lithocarpus brevicaudatus

epithet: brevicaudatus

name: Lithocarpus brevicaudatus var. pinnativenus

authorship: Yamam.

Lithocarpus impressivenus

authorship: (Hayata) Hayata

name: Lithocarpus impressivenus var. falcatocaudata

Pasania impressivena

authorship: (Hayata) Schottky

Quercus impressivena

authorship: Hayata

Synaedrys brevicaudata var. pinnativena

authorship: (Yamam.) Suzuki ex Masam.

Synaedrys impressivena

authorship: (Hayata) Masam.

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI

China South-Central

code: CHC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 574 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 岭南柯 杜仔

label: Eaten by

partners:
Arhopala bazalus
Chrysozephyrus mushaellus

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 193 (1931)

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithocarpus-corneus

scientific: Lithocarpus corneus

authorship: (Lour.) Rehder

epithet: corneus

Lithocarpus comptus

authorship: (Seem.) Barnett

Lithocarpus hainanensis

authorship: Chun

Lithocarpus hemisphaericus

authorship: (Drake) Barnett

Pasania compta

authorship: (Seemen) Schottky

Pasania cornea

authorship: (Lour.) Oerst.

Pasania hemisphaerica

authorship: Hickel & A.Camus

authorship: Schottky

Pasania kodaihoensis

authorship: (Hayata) H.L.Li

Quercus compta

authorship: Seemen

Quercus cornea

authorship: Lour.

Quercus hainanensis

authorship: Merr.

Quercus hemisphaerica

authorship: Drake

Synaedrys compta

authorship: (Seemen) Koidz.

Synaedrys cornea

authorship: (Lour.) Koidz.

Synaedrys hemisphaerica

authorship: Koidz.

Synaedrys kodaihoensis

authorship: (Hayata) Kudô

Synaedrys ossea

authorship: Lindl.

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI LAO THA VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 202 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 煙斗石櫟 烟斗柯

authors: Rehder

published_in: Stand. Cycl. Hort. 3569 (1917)


slug: lithocarpus-dodonaeifolius

scientific: Lithocarpus dodonaeifolius

authorship: (Hayata) Hayata

epithet: dodonaeifolius

Quercus dodonaeifolia

authorship: Hayata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 柳叶柯 柳葉石櫟

authors: (Hayata) Hayata

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 193(1931); A. Camus in Riv. Scient. 1931, xviii. 40


slug: lithocarpus-edulis

scientific: Lithocarpus edulis

authorship: (Makino) Nakai

epithet: edulis

published_in: Index Seminum (TI, Tokyo) 1916: 8 (1916)

Pasania edulis

authorship: (Makino) Makino

Quercus edulis

authorship: Makino

Quercus glabra

authorship: Thunb.

Quercus glabra var. micrococca

authorship: Blume

Synaedrys edulis

authorship: (Makino) Koidz.

codes: JAP NNS

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 207 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Acytolepis puspa
Archips peratratus
Arhopala bazalus
Arhopala japonica
Comibaena amoenaria
Descoreba simplex
Garella ruficirra
Pochazia shantungensis

authors: Nakai

published_in: Index Seminum [Tokyo] 1916: 8


slug: lithocarpus-formosanus

scientific: Lithocarpus formosanus

authorship: (Skan) Hayata

epithet: formosanus

Pasania formosana

authorship: (Skan) Schottky

Quercus formosana

authorship: Skan

Synaedrys formosana

authorship: (Skan) Koidz.

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

names: 台湾柯 柳叶柯


slug: lithocarpus-glaber

scientific: Lithocarpus glaber

authorship: Nakai

epithet: glaber

Kuromatea glabra

authorship: (Thunb.) Kudô

Lithocarpus thalassicus

authorship: Rehder

Pasania glabra

authorship: (Thunb.) Oerst.

Pasania sieboldiana

authorship: (Blume) Nakai

Pasania thalassica

authorship: Oerst.

Quercus acuta

authorship: Siebold ex Blume

Quercus glabra

authorship: Bürger ex Blume

Quercus inversa

authorship: Lindl. & Paxton

Quercus reversa

authorship: Benth.

Quercus thalassica

authorship: Hance

Quercus thalassica var. obtusiglans

authorship: Dunn

Synaedrys glabra

authorship: (Thunb.) Koidz.

codes: CHC CHS JAP NNS TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 276 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Japanese blue oak
Japanese-oak

names: 柯树皮 柯

names: シリブカガシ shiribukagashi

partners:
Arhopala bazalus
Arhopala japonica
Acrocercops unistriata
Acytolepis puspa
Chrysocercops castanopsidis
Chrysozephyrus aurorinus
Pochazia shantungensis
Rapala arata

published_in: Index Seminum [Tokyo] 1916, 8 (vide Cat. Sem. Hort. Tokyo, 1921, 34); Rehder in L. H. Bailey, Standard Cycl. Hort. 3569 (1917)

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithocarpus-hancei

scientific: Lithocarpus hancei

authorship: (Benth.) Rehder

epithet: hancei

Cyclobalanopsis ternaticupula

authorship: (Hayata) Kudô

name: Cyclobalanopsis ternaticupula f. arisanensis

Cyclobalanus hancei

authorship: (Benth.) Oerst.

Cyclobalanus ternaticupula

authorship: (Hayata) Nakai

Lithocarpus arisanensis

authorship: (Hayata) Hayata

Lithocarpus jingdongensis

authorship: Y.C.Hsu & H.J.Qian

Lithocarpus kuarunensis

authorship: (Tomiya) C.F.Shen

name: Lithocarpus kuarunensis var. lepidobalanus

Lithocarpus matsudae

authorship: Hayata

Lithocarpus mupinensis

authorship: (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) A.Camus

Lithocarpus nitidinux

authorship: (Hu) Chun ex C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang

Lithocarpus spicatus var. mupinensis

authorship: Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Lithocarpus ternaticupulus f. matsudae

authorship: (Hayata) J.C.Liao

name: Lithocarpus ternaticupulus var. arisanensis

authorship: (Hayata) Kaneh.

name: Lithocarpus ternaticupulus var. subreticulata

Pasania brevicaudata var. arisanensis

authorship: (Hayata) S.S.Ying

Pasania confertifolia

authorship: Hu

Pasania hancei

authorship: (Benth.) Schottky

Pasania kuarunensis

authorship: (Tomiya) S.S.Ying

Pasania ternaticupula

authorship: (Hayata) Schottky

name: Pasania ternaticupula var. subreticulata

authorship: (Hay.) J.C.Liao

Synaedrys hancei

authorship: (Benth.) Koidz.

Synaedrys kuarunensis

authorship: Tomiya

Synaedrys ternaticupula

authorship: (Hayata) Koidz.

codes: CHC CHS TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 537 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 黄椆 三斗石櫟

partners:
Euthalia formosana
Lymantria xylina

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithocarpus-harlandii

scientific: Lithocarpus harlandii

authorship: (Hance ex Walp.) Rehder

epithet: harlandii

Lithocarpus chiaratuangensis

authorship: (J.C.Liao) J.C.Liao

name: Lithocarpus harlandii var. integrifolius

name: Lithocarpus kawakamii var. chiaratuangensis

Pasania harlandii

authorship: (Hance ex Walp.) Oerst.

Quercus harlandii

authorship: Hance ex Walp.

Quercus harlandii var. integrifolia

authorship: Dunn

Synaedrys harlandii

authorship: (Hance ex Walp.) Koidz.

names: 港柯 港石櫟

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

published_in: J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 127

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: lithocarpus-kawakamii

scientific: Lithocarpus kawakamii

authorship: (Hayata) Hayata

epithet: kawakamii

Quercus kawakamii

authorship: Hayata

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 491 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 大葉校櫟 大葉石櫟

partners:
Chrysozephyrus mushaellus
Ravenna niveus

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 194(1931)


slug: lithocarpus-konishii

scientific: Lithocarpus konishii

epithet: konishii

codes: CHH TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 385 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 堅仔 小西氏石櫟

partners:
Arhopala birmana
Arhopala japonica

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 194 (191); cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 194 (1931)

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithocarpus-lepidocarpus

scientific: Lithocarpus lepidocarpus

epithet: lepidocarpus

name: Synaedrys amygdalifolia f. castanopsifolia

authorship: (Hayata) Kudô

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 61 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 櫧葉石櫟 鬼櫟

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 194(1931); A. Camus in Riv. Scient. 1931, xviii. 41

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: lithocarpus-nantoensis

scientific: Lithocarpus nantoensis

epithet: nantoensis

names: 南投柯 南投石櫟

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf Makino & Nemoto, Fl.Jap. ed. 2, 195 (1931)


slug: lithocarpus-quercifolius

scientific: Lithocarpus quercifolius

authorship: C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang

epithet: quercifolius

names: 栎叶柯 椆仔

authors: C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang

published_in: Guihaia 8(1): 16


slug: lithocarpus-shinsuiensis

scientific: Lithocarpus shinsuiensis

authorship: Hayata & Kaneh.

epithet: shinsuiensis

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 30 (1921)

name: Lithocarpus ternaticupulus var. shinsuiensis

authorship: (Hayata & Kaneh.) Kaneh.

Pasania shinsuiensis

authorship: (Hayata & Kaneh.) Nakai

Synaedrys shinsuiensis

authorship: (Hayata & Kaneh.) Kudô

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 浸水營柯 浸水營石櫟

authors: Hayata & Kaneh.

published_in: in Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. x. 30 (1921)

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithocarpus-taitoensis

scientific: Lithocarpus taitoensis

epithet: taitoensis

Lithocarpus brunneus

authorship: Rehder

Lithocarpus suishaensis

authorship: Kaneh. & Yamam.

Lithocarpus tremulus

authorship: Chun

Pasania brunnea

authorship: (Rehder) Chun

Pasania nakaii

authorship: (Hayata) Nakai

Pasania suishaensis

authorship: (Kaneh. & Yamam.) Nakai

Pasania taitoensis

authorship: (Hayata) J.C.Liao

authorship: Schottky

Synaedrys rhombocarpa f. suishaensis

authorship: (Kaneh. & Yamam.) Kudô

Synaedrys taitoensis

authorship: Koidz.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 98 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 紅肉杜 合斗石櫟

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 72; cf. Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2, 196(1931); A. Camus in Riv. Scient. 1931, xviii. 42


slug: lithocarpus-uraianus

scientific: Lithocarpus uraianus

authorship: (Hayata) Hayata

epithet: uraianus

published_in: Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos. : 72 (1917)

Castanopsis uraiana

authorship: (Hayata) Kaneh. & Hatus.

Limlia uraiana

authorship: (Hayata) Masam. & Tomiya

Quercus paohanii

authorship: Chun & Tsiang

Quercus randaiensis

authorship: Hayata

Shiia randaiensis

authorship: (Hayata) Koidz.

Shiia uraiana

authorship: (Hayata) Kaneh.

codes: CHS TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 450 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: lithodora-fruticosa

scientific: Lithodora fruticosa

authorship: (L.) Griseb.

genus: Lithodora

epithet: fruticosa

family: Boraginaceae

Lithodora consobrina

authorship: (Pomel) I.M.Johnst.

Lithospermum chamaecistus

authorship: Pourr. ex Willd. & Lange

Lithospermum collinum

authorship: Salisb.

Lithospermum consobrinum

authorship: Pomel

Lithospermum fruticosum

authorship: L.

Lithospermum purpureocoeruleum

authorship: Thore

Margarospermum fruticosum

authorship: (L.) Fourr.

Rhytispermum fruticosum

authorship: (L.) Link

codes: ALG MOR FRA SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1650 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Литодора кустарниковая

names:
Grémil ligneux
Lithodore ligneuse, Grémil ligneux

names:
aspró
herba de les set sagnies

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Andrena solenopalpa
Gonepteryx rhamni

label: Parasites

partners:
Charitopus fulviventris
Elasmus rufiventris
Hockeria unicolor
Mesopolobus szelenyii

value: subshrub

label: Flowering months

value: Apr-Jun

published_in: Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2(4): 85


slug: lithodora-hispidula

scientific: Lithodora hispidula

authorship: (Sm.) Griseb.

epithet: hispidula

Lithodora cyrenaica

authorship: (Pamp.) Chrtek & B.Slavík

Lithodora versicolor

authorship: (Meikle) Chrtek & B.Slavík

Lithospermum hispidulum

authorship: Sm.

codes: LBY CYP EAI LBS TUR KRI

Libya

code: LBY

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Kriti

code: KRI

region: Southeastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 113 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Литодора короткощетинковая

value: shrub

value: woody

authors: (Sm.) Griseb.


slug: lithomyrtus-obtusa

scientific: Lithomyrtus obtusa

authorship: (Endl.) N.Snow & Guymer

genus: Lithomyrtus

epithet: obtusa

family: Myrtaceae

published_in: Austrobaileya  5: 194 (1999)

preferred: beach myrtella

Fenzlia obtusa

authorship: Endl.

Myrtella obtusa

authorship: (Endl.) A.J.Scott

Queensland

code: QLD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 153 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Endl.) N.Snow & Guymer


slug: lithophragma-affine

scientific: Lithophragma affine

genus: Lithophragma

epithet: affine

family: Saxifragaceae

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 534 (1865)

preferred: San Francisco woodland-star

Lithophragma affine subsp. mixtum

authorship: Roy L.Taylor

Lithophragma catalinae

authorship: Rydb.

Lithophragma trifidum

authorship: Eastw.

Lithophragma tripartitum

authorship: Greene

Tellima catalinae

authorship: (Rydb.) Fedde

Tellima intermedia

authorship: Fedde

codes: CAL MXN ORE

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

region: Mexico

Oregon

code: ORE

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1988 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
San Francisco woodland-star
San Francisco woodland star

partners:
Greya obscura
Greya politella
Saxifraga

partners:
Eulonchus marginatus
Greya obscura

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 534 (-535)


slug: lithophragma-bolanderi

scientific: Lithophragma bolanderi

epithet: bolanderi

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 535 (1865)

preferred: Bolander's woodland-star

name: Lithophragma heterophyllum var. bolanderi

authorship: (A.Gray) Jeps.

name: Lithophragma heterophyllum var. scabrellum

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

Lithophragma scabrellum var. peirsonii

authorship: Jeps.

Tellima bolanderi

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 473 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bolander's woodland-star
Bolander's woodland star

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 535


slug: lithophragma-campanulatum

scientific: Lithophragma campanulatum

authorship: Howell

epithet: campanulatum

published_in: Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 200.

preferred: Siskiyou Mountain woodland-star

codes: CAL ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 138 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Siskiyou Mountain woodland-star
Siskiyou Mountain Woodland Star

authors: Howell

published_in: Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 200

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithophragma-cymbalaria

scientific: Lithophragma cymbalaria

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: cymbalaria

preferred: mission woodland-star

Saxifraga californica

authorship: Nutt.

Tellima cymbalaria

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Steud.

codes: CAL MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 115 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
mission woodland-star
mission woodland star

authors: Torr. & A.Gray

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(4): 585

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: lithophragma-glabrum

scientific: Lithophragma glabrum

epithet: glabrum

preferred: bulbous woodland-star

Lithophragma glabrum subsp. bulbiferum

authorship: (Rydb.) A.E.Murray

Lithophragma glabrum subsp. ramulosum

authorship: (Suksd.) Goodrich

Lithophragma glabrum var. bulbiferum

authorship: (Rydb.) Jeps.

Lithophragma tenellum var. floridum

authorship: Suksd.

Tellima bulbifera

authorship: (Rydb.) A.Nelson

Tellima glabra

authorship: (Nutt.) Steud.

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV NWM ORE SAS SDA UTA WAS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Montana

code: MNT

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

lifeform: rhizomatous perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
bulbous woodland-star
Bulbous woodland star

partners:
Anthocharis julia
Colias eurytheme
Andrena
Andrena merriami
Andrena nigrocaerulea
Andrena schuhi
Bombus centralis
Bombus vancouverensis nearcticus

label: Visited by

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(4): 584


slug: lithophragma-heterophyllum

scientific: Lithophragma heterophyllum

authorship: (Hook. & Arn.) Hook. & Arn.

epithet: heterophyllum

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(4): 584. 1840 [Jun 1840] (as heterophylla)

preferred: hillside woodland star

english:
hillside woodland star
hillside woodland-star

Lithophragma trilobum

authorship: Rydb.

Tellima heterophylla

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1985 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
hillside woodland-star
hillside woodland star

partners:
Pieris marginalis
Apoidea

partners:
Greya politella
Anthocharis sara
Fazia micrura
Greya obscura
Pieris marginalis

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

authors: (Hook. & Arn.) Hook. & Arn.


slug: lithophragma-maximum

scientific: Lithophragma maximum

authorship: Bacig.

epithet: maximum

preferred: San Clemente Island woodland-star

authors: Bacig.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: lithophragma-parviflorum

scientific: Lithophragma parviflorum

authorship: (Hook.) Nutt.

epithet: parviflorum

preferred: smallflower woodland-star

Lithophragma anemonoides

authorship: Greene

Lithophragma micrantha

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

name: Lithophragma parviflorum var. micranthum

Mitella parviflora

authorship: (Hook.) D.Dietr.

Pleurendotria parviflora

authorship: (Hook.) Raf.

Pleurendotria reniformis

authorship: Raf.

Tellima parviflora

authorship: Hook.

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEB NEV ORE SDA UTA WAS WYO

Nebraska

code: NEB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2058 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
smallflower woodland-star
Pink woodland star

names:
lithophragma à petites fleurs
lithophragme à petites fleurs

partners:
Adela septentrionella
Andrena angustitarsata
Andrena caerulea
Andrena nigrocaerulea
Bombus bifarius
Bombyliidae
Bombylius major
Ceratina acantha

partners:
Andrena
Andrena merriami
Andrena nigrocaerulea
Andrena sladeni
Bombus centralis
Halictus tripartitus
Lasioglossum
Osmia


slug: lithophragma-tenellum

scientific: Lithophragma tenellum

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: tenellum

preferred: slender woodland-star

Lithophragma tenellum var. thompsonii

authorship: (Hoover) C.L.Hitchc.

Lithophragma thompsonii

authorship: Hoover

Tellima australis

authorship: (Rydb.) Fedde

Tellima breviloba

authorship: Fedde

codes: ARI BRC CAL COL IDA MNT NEV NWM ORE UTA WAS WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 314 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
slender woodland-star
slender fringecup

authors: Nutt.


slug: lithophragma-trifoliatum

scientific: Lithophragma trifoliatum

authorship: Eastw.

epithet: trifoliatum

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 200. 1905

name: Lithophragma parviflorum var. trifoliatum

authorship: (Eastw.) Jeps.

California

code: CAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 66 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Prairie woodland star
pink woodland star

authors: Eastw.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 200

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: lithops-divergens

scientific: Lithops divergens

genus: Lithops

epithet: divergens

family: Aizoaceae

published_in: Notes Mesembryanthemum 2: 451. 1934.

Lithops comptonii var. divergens

authorship: (L.Bolus) B.Fearn

Lithops divergens f. amethystina

authorship: (de Boer) B.Fearn

Lithops divergens var. amethystina

authorship: de Boer

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: succulent perennial

value: 0 m

published_in: Notes Mesembryanthemum [H.M.L. Bolus] 2: 451

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: lithops-hookeri

scientific: Lithops hookeri

authorship: (A.Berger) Schwantes

epithet: hookeri

published_in: in Möller's Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 43: 46. 1928.

Lithops hookeri var. dabneri

authorship: (L.Bolus) D.T.Cole

Lithops hookeri var. elephina

authorship: (D.T.Cole) D.T.Cole

Lithops hookeri var. lutea

authorship: (de Boer) D.T.Cole

Lithops hookeri var. marginata

authorship: (Nel) D.T.Cole

Lithops marginata

authorship: Nel

name: Lithops turbiniformis var. brunneoviolacea

name: Lithops turbiniformis var. subfenestrata

names: 丸富贵玉 丸贵玉

names: litópis pedra-viva

authors: Schwantes

published_in: Möller's Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 1928, xliii. 46