slug: cochlospermum-regium

scientific: Cochlospermum regium

authorship: (Schrank) Pilg.

epithet: regium

published_in: Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 716 (1924)

Amoreuxia unipora

authorship: Tiegh.

Azeredia pernambucana

authorship: Arruda ex Allemão

Cochlospermum insigne

authorship: A.St.-Hil., A.Juss. & Cambess.

name: Cochlospermum insigne var. mattogrossense

authorship: Pilg.

name: Cochlospermum insigne var. mattogrossensis

Cochlospermum insigne var. pohlianum

authorship: Eichler

Cochlospermum trilobum

authorship: Standl.

Maximilianea regia

authorship: Schrank

Maximilianea regia var. glaberrima

authorship: Chodat & Hassl.

Maximilianea regia var. mattogrossensis

authorship: (Pilg.) S.F.Blake

Wittelsbachia insignis

authorship: Mart. & Zucc.

codes: BOL BZE BZL BZC PAR

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 116 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Algodão-do-cerrado algodão-bravo

names: Кохлоспермум королевский

value: shrub

value: subshrub

value: geophyte

authors: Pilg.

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: cochlospermum-religiosum

scientific: Cochlospermum religiosum

authorship: (L.) Alston

genus: Cochlospermum

epithet: religiosum

family: Bixaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(Suppl.): 14 (1931)

preferred: silk-cotton tree

source: wikidata

Bombax gossypium

authorship: L.

Cochlospermum balicum

authorship: Boerl.

Cochlospermum gossypium

authorship: DC.

Maximilianea gossypium

authorship: Kuntze

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: BAN IND MYA WHM

Bangladesh

code: BAN

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

India

code: IND

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: tree

climate: wet tropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
silk-cotton tree
cottontree

names: 弯子木 彎子木

names: galgal katira

names: Кохлоспермум священный

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: tree

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Life form

value: phanerophyte

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: (L.) Alston

published_in: Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(suppl.): 14

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: cochlospermum-vitifolium

scientific: Cochlospermum vitifolium

authorship: (Willd.) Spreng.

epithet: vitifolium

preferred: silk cottontree

Bombax vitifolium

authorship: Willd.

Cochlospermum hibiscoides

authorship: Kunth

name: Cochlospermum hibiscoides var. dasycarpum

authorship: Triana & Planch.

name: Cochlospermum hibiscoides var. gymnocarpum

Cochlospermum triphyllum

authorship: (S.F.Blake) Pittier

Maximilianea codinae

authorship: (Eichler) Kuntze

Maximilianea hibiscodes

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Maximilianea vitifolia

authorship: (Willd.) Krug & Urb.

Wittelsbachia vitifolia

authorship: (Willd.) Mart.

authorship: (Willd.) Mart. & Zucc.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN BZE CLM COS CUB ECU ELS GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Bolivia

region: Western South America

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

region: Northern South America

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1969 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

partners:
Melipona beecheii
Trigona fulviventris
Xylocopa cearensis

partners:
Amazona auropalliata
Brotogeris jugularis
Cebus capucinus
Eacles imperialis
Trigona fulviventris

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: cochlospermum-wrightii

scientific: Cochlospermum wrightii

authorship: (A.Gray) Byng & Christenh.

epithet: wrightii

preferred: Wright's yellowshow

source: usda

Amoreuxia potentilloides

authorship: Pilg.

Cochlospermum potentilloides

authorship: (Pilg.) J.F.Macbr.

codes: MXG MXE MXT MXS TEX NLA PER

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Netherlands Antilles

code: NLA

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 261 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Boton de oro
Huevos de víbora

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (A.Gray) Byng & Christenh.

published_in: Global Fl. 4: 138

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol AMWR2

license: public domain


slug: cocos-nucifera

scientific: Cocos nucifera

authorship: L.

genus: Cocos

epithet: nucifera

family: Arecaceae

preferred: coconut palm

english:
coconut palm
Coconut
coconut

source: inat

Calappa nucifera

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Cocos indica

authorship: Royle

Cocos mamillaris

authorship: Blanco

Cocos nana

authorship: Griff.

Cocos nucifera f. palmyrensis

authorship: Becc.

Cocos nucifera var. alangan

authorship: Blume

Cocos nucifera var. angustifolia

authorship: Hassk.

Cocos nucifera var. aurea

authorship: Anon.

Cocos nucifera var. mamillaris

authorship: (Blanco) Blume

Cocos nucifera var. microcarpa

authorship: Hassk. ex F.W.T.Hunger

Cocos nucifera var. nana

authorship: (Griff.) G.V.Narayana

Cocos nucifera var. palmyrensis

authorship: (Becc.) Becc.

Palma cocos

authorship: Mill.

codes: BIS MOL NWG PHI SOL QLD SAM SCZ TOK TON VAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

Maluku

code: MOL

region: Malesia

New Guinea

code: NWG

Philippines

code: PHI

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

Queensland

code: QLD

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Samoa

code: SAM

continent: PACIFIC

region: Southwestern Pacific

Santa Cruz Is.

code: SCZ

Tokelau-Manihiki

code: TOK

Tonga

code: TON

Vanuatu

code: VAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Sorbitol

activities: Antidiabetic Antiketotic Cataractagenic Cathartic Diuretic FLavor Humectant Laxative

Lignin

activities: AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticoronary Antidiarrheic Antinitrosaminic Antioxidant Antitumor

Octanoic-acid

activities: Candidicide FLavor Fungicide Perfumery Pesticide

Caprylic-acid

activities: Antiseptic Candidicide Fungicide Irritant Pesticide

Mufa

activities: Allergenic Anemiagenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4 Cancer-Preventive Choleretic Dermatitigenic FLavor

Lauric-acid

activities: Antibacterial Antioxidant Antiviral COX-1-Inhibitor COX-2-Inhibitor Candidicide Hypercholesterolemic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names:
فارسی
جوز الهند

names: Кокосовая пальма

names: కొబ్బరి చెట్టు

partners:
Apis mellifera
Apis dorsata
Eonycteris spelaea
Melipona quadrifasciata
Pteropus mariannus
Trigona fulviventris
Campnotus
Coereba flaveola

partners:
Cynopterus brachyotis
Dinopium benghalense
Eonycteris spelaea
Frieseomelitta varia
Glossophaga soricina
Macroglossus minimus
Pteropus mahaganus
Pteropus mariannus

partners:
Parasa lepida
Agoo beani
Agoo spina
Anacofana makilingensis
Anatkina tagalica
Anotia firebugia
Antidryas antiope
Birgus latro

partners:
Phytoplasma suspected
Bursaphelenchus cocophilus
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid
Coconut tinangaja viroid
Phytophthora palmivora
Alternaria arachidis
Alternaria erumpens
Athelia epiphylla

partners:
Cephalosporium
Collybia semiusta
Diplodia palmicola
Fusarium incarnatum
Fusarium solani
Marasmiellus
Marasmiellus cocophilus
Monilia

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: codariocalyx-motorius

scientific: Codariocalyx motorius

authorship: (Houtt.) H.Ohashi

genus: Codariocalyx

epithet: motorius

family: Fabaceae

preferred: telegraph-plant

Codariocalyx gyrans

authorship: (L.f.) Hassk.

Codariocalyx gyrans var. roylei

authorship: (Wight & Arn.) Schindl.

Codariocalyx motorius var. glaber

authorship: X.Y.Zhu & Y.F.Du

Codariocalyx motorius var. roylei

authorship: (Wight & Arn.) Ohashi

Desmodium gyrans var. roylei

authorship: (Wight & Arn.) Baker

Desmodium motorium

authorship: (Houtt.) Merr.

Desmodium roylei

authorship: Wight & Arn.

Hedysarum motorium

authorship: Houtt.

Hedysarum saliens

authorship: Salisb.

Meibomia gyrans

authorship: (L.f.) Kuntze

codes: CHC CHS TAI CHT ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MYA NEP PAK PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: shrub

names: രാമനാമപ്പച്ച

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coddia-rudis

scientific: Coddia rudis

authorship: (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Verdc.

genus: Coddia

epithet: rudis

family: Rubiaceae

Gardenia microcarpa

authorship: Hochst.

Heinsia capensis

authorship: H.Buek ex Harv.

Lachnosiphonium rude

authorship: (E.Mey. ex Harv.) J.G.García

Lachnosiphonium rude var. parvifolium

authorship: Yamam.

Randia parvifolia

authorship: Harv.

Randia rudis

authorship: E.Mey. ex Harv.

Xeromphis rudis

authorship: (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Codd

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: CPP SWZ NAT MOZ TVL ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

continent: AFRICA

region: Southern Africa

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 446 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Coddia
Lesser Thicket-Thorn

names: sikhwakhwane sikwakhwane

names: intsinde umgxube

names: Ingqwaqwa Inqwaqwa

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Columba arquatrix
Epiplema anomala

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

value: nanophanerophyte

label: Height

category: Size

value: 3 m

authors: (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Verdc.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codiaeum-variegatum

scientific: Codiaeum variegatum

authorship: (L.) A.Juss.

genus: Codiaeum

epithet: variegatum

family: Euphorbiaceae

preferred: garden croton

Codiaeum angustifolium

authorship: (E.J.Lowe & W.Howard) T.Moore & Mast.

authorship: (Müll.Arg.) Anon.

Codiaeum aucubifolium

authorship: (Linden) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum aureomarmoratum

authorship: Mottet

Codiaeum chrysosticton

authorship: Spreng.

name: Codiaeum chrysosticton var. angustifolium

authorship: Rumph. ex Müll.Arg.

Codiaeum cornutum

authorship: (André) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum cuneifolium

authorship: Zipp. ex Span.

Codiaeum elongatum

authorship: Linden & André

Codiaeum goedenoughtii

authorship: (Linden) A.de Vos

Codiaeum hawkeri

authorship: (Van Geert) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum hillianum

authorship: (Van Geert) Rothsch.

Codiaeum interruptum

authorship: (hort.) Herm.Baum

Codiaeum johannis

authorship: (Veitch ex Regel) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum lacteum

authorship: (Van Houtte) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum limbatum

authorship: (W.Bull) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum magnificum

authorship: Linden

Codiaeum majesticum

authorship: W.Bull ex Nicholson

Codiaeum maximum

authorship: Verschaff.

Codiaeum medium

authorship: Baill.

Codiaeum moluccanum

authorship: Decne.

Codiaeum musaicum

authorship: (André) Mottet

Codiaeum obovatum

authorship: Zoll. & Moritzi

Codiaeum ornatum

authorship: hort. ex Mottet

Codiaeum pictum

authorship: (G.Lodd.) Hook.

Codiaeum roseopictum

authorship: André

Codiaeum russellii

authorship: (hort.) G.Nicholson

Codiaeum undulatum

authorship: (Van Geert) Cogn. & Marchal

Codiaeum vanoosterzeei

authorship: Rodigas

Codiaeum variegatum f. ambiguum

authorship: Pax

Codiaeum variegatum f. appendiculatum

authorship: Celak.

Codiaeum variegatum var. moluccanum

authorship: (Decne.) Mull.Arg.

Codiaeum variegatum var. ovalifolium

authorship: H.J.Veitch ex Regel

Codiaeum variegatum var. pictum

authorship: (Lodd.) Müll.Arg.

Codiaeum weismannii

authorship: (H.J.Veitch) Cogn. & Marchal

Codiaeum wigmannii

authorship: (B.S.Williams) Mottet

Croton albicans

authorship: Van Geert

Croton baliospermus

authorship: Span.

Croton bergmanii

authorship: Chantrier ex André

Croton carrieri

authorship: Chantrier

Croton cooperi

authorship: Anon.

Croton cornutus

authorship: (André) W.Bull

Croton disraelii

authorship: Veitch

name: Croton variegatus unranked angustifolius

codes: BIS BOR JAW LSI MOL NWG PHI SOL SUL QLD FIJ SCZ VAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1984 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Croton, Arbrisseau à feuilles panachées, Cretonne

partners:
Achaea janata
Jikradia basipendula
Eurycantha calcarata
Homalodisca ichthyocephala
Homalodisca vitripennis
Lepidosaphes pallidula
Orchamoplatus mammaeferus
Tetranychus urticae

published_in: De Euphorbiacearum Generibus ... Tentamen

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codon-royenii

scientific: Codon royenii

authorship: L.

genus: Codon

epithet: royenii

family: Codonaceae

Codon aculeatus

authorship: Gaertn.

Hydrolea diffusa

authorship: Raeusch.

codes: CPP NAM

Namibia

code: NAM

lifeform: annual

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 412 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Honeybush
White Codon

names: Кодон Ройена

names: Distel Soetdoringbos

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Amegilla nivea
Eurytoma crotolariae
Fusiterga gallarum
Patellapis mandela
Patellapis richtersveldi
Pseudapis innesi
Pseudapis interstitinervis
Epiblatticida psyllidiphaga

value: annual


slug: codon-schenckii

scientific: Codon schenckii

authorship: Schinz

epithet: schenckii

published_in: Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 173 (1888)

Codon luteum

authorship: Marloth & Engl.

lifeform: annual or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 76 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Amegilla nivea
Fusiterga gallarum

authors: Schinz

published_in: in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg xxx. (1888) 173


slug: codonacanthus-pauciflorus

scientific: Codonacanthus pauciflorus

authorship: (Nees) Nees

genus: Codonacanthus

epithet: pauciflorus

family: Acanthaceae

Asystasia pauciflora

authorship: Nees

Ruellia pauciflora

authorship: Wall.

codes: CHC CHS CHH JAP NNS TAI ASS BAN CBD EHM MYA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 930 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 水松 針刺草

authors: Nees


slug: codonanthe-devosiana

scientific: Codonanthe devosiana

authorship: Lem.

genus: Codonanthe

epithet: devosiana

family: Gesneriaceae

Aeschynanthus albus

authorship: Hort. ex Hanst.

Coccanthera devosiana

authorship: (Lem.) K.Koch & Hanst.

Codonanthe digna

authorship: Wiehler

codes: BZS BZL

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

lifeform: epiphytic subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 104 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: epiphyte

authors: Lem.

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonanthe-gracilis

scientific: Codonanthe gracilis

authorship: (Mart.) Hanst.

epithet: gracilis

Codonanthe ventricosa

authorship: (Vell.) Hoehne

Columnea gracilis

authorship: (Mart.) Kuntze

Hypocyrta gracilis

authorship: Mart.

Orobanche ventricosa

authorship: Vell.

codes: BZE BZS BZL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 62 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 玉唇花 纤梗蚁巢岩桐

authors: (Mart.) Hanst.

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonanthopsis-crassifolia

scientific: Codonanthopsis crassifolia

authorship: (H.Focke) Chautems & Mat.Perret

genus: Codonanthopsis

epithet: crassifolia

Centrosolenia glabra

authorship: Hook.

Codonanthe confusa

authorship: Sandwith

Codonanthe crassifolia

authorship: (H.Focke) C.V.Morton

Codonanthe stenantha

authorship: Hoehne

Episcia hookeri

authorship: Hanst.

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN BZC CLM COS ECU FRG GUA GUY HON NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: scrambling epiphyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 97 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Aa baanchuwa pinchuwa beka
Cuji ëco

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonoblepharon-menziesii

scientific: Codonoblepharon menziesii

authorship: Schwägr.

genus: Codonoblepharon

epithet: menziesii

family: Orthotrichaceae

Ceratodon corralensis

authorship: (Lorentz) A.Jaeger

name: Codonoblepharon menziesii var. angustifolium

authorship: (Malta) Matcham & O'Shea

Zygodon corralensis

authorship: Lorentz

Zygodon drummondii

authorship: Taylor

Zygodon menziesii

authorship: (Schwägr.) Arn.

Zygodon menziesii var. angustifolius

authorship: Malta

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: codonoboea-quinquevulnera

scientific: Codonoboea quinquevulnera

authorship: (Ridl.) C.L.Lim

genus: Codonoboea

epithet: quinquevulnera

published_in: Gard. Bull. Singapore 62: 269 (2011)

Didymocarpus quinquevulnerus

authorship: Ridl.

Henckelia quinquevulnera

authorship: (Ridl.) A.Weber

Malaya

code: MLY

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 30 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Ridl.) C.L.Lim

published_in: Gard. Bull. Singapore 62(2): 269

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonocarpus-cotinifolius

scientific: Codonocarpus cotinifolius

authorship: (Desf.) F.Muell.

genus: Codonocarpus

epithet: cotinifolius

family: Gyrostemonaceae

published_in: Pl. Vict. i. 200.

Gyrostemon cotinifolius

authorship: Desf.

Gyrostemon pungens

authorship: Lindl.

Hymenotheca acaciiformis

authorship: (F.Muell.) F.Muell.

codes: NSW NTA QLD SOA VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 173 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

names:
Bell Fruit Tree
Desert poplar

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: schizocarp

authors: (Desf.) F.Muell.

published_in: Pl. Victoria

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonocarpus-pyramidalis

scientific: Codonocarpus pyramidalis

epithet: pyramidalis

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names:
Camel Poison
Slender Bell-fruit

published_in: Pl. Vict. i. 201

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: codonopsis-kawakamii

scientific: Codonopsis kawakamii

authorship: Hayata

genus: Codonopsis

epithet: kawakamii

family: Campanulaceae

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 165 (1911)

Taiwan

code: TAI

lifeform: climbing tuberous geophyte

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 93 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 玉山山奶草 台湾党参

names: Колокольник Каваками

authors: Hayata

published_in: J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(Art. 1):  165

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonopsis-lanceolata

scientific: Codonopsis lanceolata

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Trautv.

epithet: lanceolata

published_in: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 46 (1879)

Campanumoea japonica

authorship: Siebold ex Merr.

Campanumoea lanceolata

authorship: Siebold & Zucc.

Codonopsis lanceolata f. emaculata

authorship: (Honda) H.Hara

Codonopsis lanceolata var. emaculata

authorship: Honda

Codonopsis yesoensis

authorship: Nakai

Glosocomia hortensis

authorship: Rupr.

Glosocomia lanceolata

authorship: (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.

codes: AMU CHN CHC CHS CHI JAP KHA KOR KUR CHM PRM

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Japan

code: JAP

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Kuril Is.

code: KUR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 213 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Deodeok (Lance Asiabell, Bonnet bellflower)

names: 四叶参 山海螺

partners:
Camponotus kiusiuensis
Vespa simillima
Vespa xanthoptera

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Codonopsis torradovirus A
Codonopsis vein clearing virus

label: Flowering months

value: Jul-Aug

authors: Benth. & Hook.f.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonopsis-rotundifolia

scientific: Codonopsis rotundifolia

authorship: Royle

epithet: rotundifolia

published_in: Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. : t. 62 (1835)

name: Codonopsis rotundifolia var. grandiflora

authorship: Hook.

Glosocomia lurida

authorship: (Lindl.) Lindl.

Glosocomia rotundifolia

authorship: (Benth.) Rupr.

Wahlenbergia lurida

authorship: (Lindl.) G.Manetti

Wahlenbergia rotundifolia

authorship: (Benth.) A.DC.

codes: CHT EHM IND NEP PAK WHM

Tibet

code: CHT

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

names: 长叶党参 長葉黨參

names: Колокольник круголистный

label: Growth habit

value: Jun-Jul

authors: Royle

published_in: Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 254, t. 62

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonopsis-ussuriensis

scientific: Codonopsis ussuriensis

authorship: (Rupr. & Maxim.) Hemsl.

epithet: ussuriensis

Codonopsis lanceolata var. ussuriensis

authorship: (Rupr. & Maxim.) Trautv.

Glosocomia lanceolata var. obtusa

authorship: Regel

Glosocomia lanceolata var. ussuriensis

authorship: (Rupr. & Maxim.) Regel

Glosocomia ussuriensis

authorship: Maxim.

codes: AMU JAP KHA KOR CHM PRM

Amur

code: AMU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 川党参 乌苏里党参

names: Колокольник уссурийский

label: Woodiness

authors: Hemsl.

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 6

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonorchis-lessonii

scientific: Codonorchis lessonii

authorship: (d'Urv.) Lindl.

genus: Codonorchis

epithet: lessonii

family: Orchidaceae

preferred: White dog orchid

source: wikidata

Calopogon lessonii

authorship: (d'Urv.) Brongn.

Codonorchis poeppigii

authorship: Lindl.

Codonorchis skottsbergii

authorship: Kraenzl.

Codonorchis tetraphylla

authorship: (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O.Williams

Epipactis lessonii

authorship: d'Urv.

Pogonia lessonii

authorship: (d'Urv.) Rchb.f.

Pogonia lessonii var. poeppigii

authorship: (Lindl.) Reiche

Pogonia lessonii var. skottsbergii

authorship: (Kraenzl.) Reiche

Pogonia tetraphylla

authorship: Poepp. & Endl.

codes: FAL AGS CLC CLS

Falkland Is.

code: FAL

continent: ANTARCTICA

region: Subantarctic Islands

Argentina South

code: AGS

region: Southern South America

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile South

code: CLS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1206 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
White dog orchid
Dog orchid

label: Life form

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 411


slug: codonorhiza-azurea

scientific: Codonorhiza azurea

authorship: (Eckl. ex Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

genus: Codonorhiza

epithet: azurea

family: Iridaceae

Lapeirousia azurea

authorship: (Eckl. ex Baker) Goldblatt

Lapeirousia corymbosa var. azurea

authorship: Eckl. ex Baker

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Azure Kabong
Azure Paintpetal

published_in: Strelitzia 35: 93

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonorhiza-corymbosa

scientific: Codonorhiza corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: corymbosa

Anomatheca corymbosa

authorship: (L.) W.Mill.

Ixia corymbosa

authorship: L.

Ixia crispifolia

authorship: Andrews

Lapeirousia corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Ker Gawl.

Lapeirousia corymbosa var. grandiflora

authorship: Klatt

Meristostigma azureum

authorship: Steud.

Meristostigma corymbosum

authorship: (L.) A.Dietr.

Ovieda corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Spreng.

Peyrousia corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Poir.

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 420 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Blue Kabong
Blue Paintpetal

names: Koringblommetjie bloucabong

authors: (L.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

published_in: Strelitzia 35: 98


slug: codonorhiza-elandsmontana

scientific: Codonorhiza elandsmontana

authorship: Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: elandsmontana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 134 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

published_in: Strelitzia 35: 96

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonorhiza-falcata

scientific: Codonorhiza falcata

authorship: (L.f.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: falcata

Lapeirousia falcata

authorship: (L.f.) Ker Gawl.

Lapeirousia pappei

authorship: Baker

Meristostigma falcatum

authorship: (L.f.) A.Dietr.

Ovieda falcata

authorship: (L.f.) Spreng.

Peyrousia falcata

authorship: (L.f.) Sweet

authors: (L.f.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

published_in: Strelitzia 35: 89

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codonorhiza-fastigiata

scientific: Codonorhiza fastigiata

authorship: (Lam.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: fastigiata

Ixia fastigiata

authorship: Lam.

Lapeirousia corymbosa subsp. fastigiata

authorship: (Lam.) Goldblatt

Lapeirousia corymbosa var. rosea

authorship: Suess.

Lapeirousia fastigiata

authorship: (Lam.) Ker Gawl.

Lapeirousia purpureolutea

authorship: (Klatt) Baker

authors: (Lam.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

published_in: Strelitzia 35: 101


slug: codonorhiza-micrantha

scientific: Codonorhiza micrantha

authorship: (E.Mey. ex Klatt) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

epithet: micrantha

Lapeirousia manuleiflora

authorship: Eckl.

Lapeirousia micrantha

authorship: (E.Mey. ex Klatt) Baker

Meristostigma manuleiflorum

authorship: (Eckl.) Steud.

Ovieda micrantha

authorship: E.Mey. ex Klatt

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 118 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Strelitzia 35: 90

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: codriophorus-acicularis

scientific: Codriophorus acicularis

authorship: (Hedw.) P.Beauv.

genus: Codriophorus

epithet: acicularis

family: Grimmiaceae

published_in: Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 445. 1822.

preferred: racomitrium moss

Bryum aciculare

authorship: (Hedw.) L. ex Funck

Campylopus acicularis

authorship: (Hedw.) Wahlenb.

Dicranum aciculare

authorship: Hedw.

Dicranum aciculare var. fluitans

authorship: Turner

Dryptodon acicularis

authorship: (Hedw.) Fürnr.

Grimmia acicularis

authorship: (Hedw.) Müll.Hal.

Grimmia acicularis var. denticulata

authorship: (Bruch & Schimp.) Braithw.

Grimmia acicularis var. radiculosum

authorship: (Guim.) Guim.

Orthotrichum submarginatum

authorship: Brid.

Racomitrium aciculare

authorship: (Hedw.) Brid.

Racomitrium aciculare f. falcatum

authorship: Jaap ex Loeske

Racomitrium aciculare f. fluviatile

authorship: Vilh.

name: Racomitrium aciculare var. angustifolium

authorship: Röll

authorship: Höhn.

Racomitrium aciculare var. aquaticum

authorship: Poech

Racomitrium aciculare var. denticulatum

authorship: Bruch & Schimp.

Racomitrium aciculare var. falcatum

authorship: Grav. ex Warnst.

Racomitrium aciculare var. nevii

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Frye

Racomitrium aciculare var. radiculosum

authorship: Guim.

Racomitrium nevii

authorship: (Müll.Hal.) Rau & Herv.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 357 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: nonvascular

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol RAAC4

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: codriophorus-aquaticus

scientific: Codriophorus aquaticus

authorship: (Brid. ex Schrad.) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra

epithet: aquaticus

published_in: Biodivers. Poland 3: 140. 2003.

preferred: aquatic racomitrium moss

Dicranum aciculare var. gracile

authorship: Turner

Dicranum aquaticum

authorship: (Brid. ex Schrad.) Brid.

Grimmia aquatica

authorship: (Brid. ex Schrad.) Müll.Hal.

Grimmia protensa

authorship: (A.Braun ex Duby) Mitt.

Racomitrium aciculare var. aquaticum

authorship: (Brid. ex Schrad.) Huebener

Racomitrium aciculare var. gracile

authorship: (Turner) Brid.

Racomitrium aquaticum f. robustum

authorship: (Loeske) Podp.

Racomitrium protensum

authorship: (A.Braun ex Duby) Huebener

Racomitrium protensum f. robustum

authorship: Loeske

Trichostomum aciculare var. aquaticum

authorship: (Brid. ex Schrad.) Opiz

Trichostomum aciculare var. gracile

authorship: (Turner) Wilson

Trichostomum aquaticum

authorship: Brid. ex Schrad.

Trichostomum cataractarum

authorship: (Brid.) Hartm.

Trichostomum fasciculare var. protensum

authorship: (A.Braun ex Duby) Hartm.

Trichostomum fasciculare var. secundum

authorship: Ahnf.

Trichostomum protensum

authorship: A.Braun ex Duby

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

note: common name, checklist symbol RAAQ2


slug: codriophorus-mollis

scientific: Codriophorus mollis

authorship: (Cardot) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra

epithet: mollis

published_in: Biodivers. Poland 3: 141. 2003.

Racomitrium molle

authorship: Cardot


slug: codriophorus-ryszardii

scientific: Codriophorus ryszardii

authorship: (Bedn.-Ochyra) Bedn.-Ochyra & Ochyra

epithet: ryszardii


slug: coelachne-africana

scientific: Coelachne africana

authorship: Pilg.

genus: Coelachne

epithet: africana

family: Poaceae

published_in: Wiss. Erg. Schwed. Rhodesia-Kongo-Exp. 1911-1912, 1: 208 (1916)

Coelachne paludosa

authorship: Peter

codes: BUR CMN CON ZAI ETH GAB KEN MDG MLW MOZ RWA TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Gabon

code: GAB

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Rwanda

code: RWA

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Pilg.

published_in: Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhodesia-Kongo-Exped. 1911-1912 1(2): 208


slug: coelia-guatemalensis

scientific: Coelia guatemalensis

genus: Coelia

epithet: guatemalensis

Bothriochilus guatemalensis

authorship: (Rchb.f.) L.O.Williams

codes: MXT ELS GUA HON

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

region: Mexico

El Salvador

code: ELS

region: Central America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

lifeform: pseudobulbous geophyte or epiphyte

value: geophyte

published_in: Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6(2): 219

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coelia-triptera

scientific: Coelia triptera

authorship: (Sm.) Mutel

epithet: triptera

Coelia baueriana

authorship: Lindl.

Cymbidium tripterum

authorship: (Sm.) Sw.

Epidendrum tripterum

authorship: Sm.

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS CUB GUA JAM PUE

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Cuba

code: CUB

region: Caribbean

Jamaica

code: JAM

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

lifeform: pseudobulbous epiphyte or lithophyte

authors: (Sm.) Mutel

published_in: Mém. Soc. Roy. Centr. Agric. Dépt. N. 1835-36: 84

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: coelocarpum-haggierense

scientific: Coelocarpum haggierense

genus: Coelocarpum

epithet: haggierense

family: Verbenaceae

published_in: Ethnofl. Soqotra Archipelago : 725 (2004)

Socotra

code: SOC

value: woody

published_in: Ethnofl. Soqotra Archipelago 725 (709-710, 280; fig.)

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: coelogyne-articulata

scientific: Coelogyne articulata

authorship: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

genus: Coelogyne

epithet: articulata

Coelogyne khasyana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f.

Pholidota articulata var. griffithii

authorship: (Hook.f.) King & Pantl.

Pholidota articulata var. obovata

authorship: (Hook.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang

Pholidota decurva

authorship: Ridl.

Pholidota lugardii

authorship: Rolfe

Pholidota minahassae

authorship: Schltr.

codes: CHC CHT ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM JAW LAO MLY MYA NEP SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

value: lithophyte

authors: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

published_in: Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6(2): 238


slug: coelogyne-breviscapa

scientific: Coelogyne breviscapa

epithet: breviscapa

Coelogyne angustifolia

authorship: Wight

Pleione breviscapa

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

codes: IND SRL

India

code: IND

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

lifeform: pseudobulbous epiphyte

published_in: Fol. Orchid. 5(Coelogyne): 4


slug: coelogyne-coriacea

scientific: Coelogyne coriacea

authorship: M.W.Chase & Schuit.

epithet: coriacea

Dendrochilum crassifolium

authorship: Ames

authors: M.W.Chase & Schuit.


slug: coelogyne-cristata

scientific: Coelogyne cristata

epithet: cristata

Coelogyne cristata f. hololeuca

authorship: (Rchb.f.) M.Wolff & O.Gruss

Pleione speciosissima

authorship: (D.Don) Kuntze

codes: CHT ASS BAN EHM NEP WHM

Tibet

code: CHT

region: China

Assam

code: ASS

lifeform: pseudobulbous lithophyte

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names: 贝母兰 毛唇贝母兰

published_in: Coll. Bot. (Lindley) 7: sub t. 33

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coelogyne-haslamii

scientific: Coelogyne haslamii

authorship: (Ames) M.W.Chase & Schuit.

epithet: haslamii

Borneo

code: BOR

authors: (Ames) M.W.Chase & Schuit.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: coelogyne-hirtella

scientific: Coelogyne hirtella

epithet: hirtella

published_in: Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 11: 105 (1931)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. III, xi. 105 (1931)

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: coelogyne-imbricata

scientific: Coelogyne imbricata

authorship: (Hook.) Rchb.f.

epithet: imbricata

Cymbidium imbricatum

authorship: (Lindl.) Roxb.

Ornithidium imbricatum

authorship: Wall. ex Lindl.

Pholidota assamica

authorship: Regel

Pholidota bracteata

authorship: (D.Don) Seidenf.

Pholidota conchoidea

authorship: Lindl.

Pholidota grandis

authorship: Kraenzl.

Pholidota imbricata

authorship: Hook.

Pholidota imbricata var. henryi

authorship: (Kraenzl.) Tang & F.T.Wang

Pholidota spectabilis

authorship: Kraenzl. ex Guillaumin

codes: CHC CHT AND ASS BAN BIS BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG NCB PHI SOL SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM QLD FIJ NWC SCZ TON VAN

China South-Central

code: CHC

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

region: Papuasia

Cambodia

code: CBD

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Maluku

code: MOL

New Guinea

code: NWG

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 96 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: coelogyne-lancilabia

scientific: Coelogyne lancilabia

authorship: (Seidenf.) R.Rice

epithet: lancilabia

published_in: Photo Intro Asian Bulbophyllum Coelogyne Dendrobium Orchids : 173 (2019)

Otochilus albus var. lancilabius

authorship: (Seidenf.) Pradhan

Otochilus lancilabius

authorship: Seidenf.

codes: CHC CHT ASS EHM LAO MYA NEP VIE WHM

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Laos

code: LAO

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: epiphyte

value: chamaephyte

authors: (Seidenf.) R.Rice

published_in: Photo Intro Asian Bulbophyllum Coelogyne Dendrobium Orchids 173


slug: coelogyne-nitida

scientific: Coelogyne nitida

authorship: (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl.

epithet: nitida

Coelogyne conferta

authorship: Anon.

Coelogyne nitida f. candida

authorship: Roeth

Cymbidium nitidum

authorship: Wall. ex D.Don

Pleione nitida

authorship: (Wall. ex D.Don) Kuntze

Pleione ochracea

authorship: (Lindl.) Kuntze

codes: CHC ASS BAN EHM LAO MYA NEP VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

Assam

code: ASS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 68 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

authors: (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 40


slug: coelogyne-pallida

scientific: Coelogyne pallida

authorship: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

epithet: pallida

Pholidota pallida var. sessilis

authorship: (Hook.f.) P.K.Sarkar

Pholidota schlechteri

authorship: Gagnep.

Pholidota tixieri

authorship: Guillaumin

Pholidota yunnanensis

authorship: Schltr.

Pholidota yunpeensis

authorship: Hu

codes: CHC ASS CBD EHM LAO MYA NEP THA VIE WHM

Thailand

code: THA

source: GIFT

published_in: in Walp. Am. vi. 288

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coelogyne-pandurata

scientific: Coelogyne pandurata

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: pandurata

preferred: Black orchid

codes: BOR MLY PHI SUM

Borneo

code: BOR

Malaya

code: MLY

Sumatera

code: SUM

names: 提琴贝母兰 提琴貝母蘭

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: coelogyne-papillosa

scientific: Coelogyne papillosa

authorship: Ridl.

epithet: papillosa

published_in: Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 238 (1894)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Ridl. ex Stapf

published_in: Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4(2): 238

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coelogyne-porrecta

scientific: Coelogyne porrecta

epithet: porrecta

Otochilus fragrans

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) G.Nicholson

Otochilus latifolia

authorship: Griff.

Tetrapeltis fragrans

authorship: Wall. ex Lindl.

codes: CHC ASS BAN EHM LAO MYA NEP THA VIE WHM

Bangladesh

code: BAN

published_in: Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6(2): 236

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: coelogyne-prolifera

scientific: Coelogyne prolifera

epithet: prolifera

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. : 40 (1830)

Coelogyne flavida

authorship: Hook.f. ex Lindl.

Pleione flavida

authorship: (Hook.f. ex Lindl.) Kuntze

codes: CHC ASS EHM LAO MYA NEP THA VIE

published_in: Numer. List n. 1956


slug: coelogyne-radioferens

scientific: Coelogyne radioferens

authorship: Ames & C.Schweinf.

epithet: radioferens

published_in: Orchidaceae 6: 38 (1920)

authors: Ames & C.Schweinf.

published_in: Orchidaceae 6: 38


slug: coelogyne-swaniana

scientific: Coelogyne swaniana

authorship: Rolfe

epithet: swaniana

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 183 (1894)

codes: BOR MLY SUM

authors: Rolfe

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894(90): 183


slug: coelogyne-trinervis

scientific: Coelogyne trinervis

epithet: trinervis

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. : 41 (1830)

Coelogyne rhodeana var. obtusangula

authorship: Pfitzer

Pleione rossiana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Kuntze

codes: CHC AND ASS BAN CBD JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA SUM THA VIE

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Cambodia

code: CBD

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Maluku

code: MOL

published_in: Numer. List n. 1955


slug: coelospermum-decipiens

scientific: Coelospermum decipiens

authorship: Baill.

genus: Coelospermum

epithet: decipiens

published_in: Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 218 (1879)

Morinda reticulata

authorship: Benth.

codes: NWG QLD

New Guinea

code: NWG

Queensland

code: QLD

region: Australia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

authors: Baill.

published_in: Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 218


slug: coelospermum-paniculatum

scientific: Coelospermum paniculatum

epithet: paniculatum

name: Caelospermum paniculatum var. paniculatum

codes: NSW QLD

New South Wales

code: NSW

lifeform: liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: liana

value: phanerophyte

published_in: Fragm. (Mueller) 5(31): 19


slug: coelospermum-reticulatum

scientific: Coelospermum reticulatum

authorship: (F.Muell.) Benth.

epithet: reticulatum

codes: NWG NTA QLD

Northern Territory

code: NTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 270 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Platycercus adscitus
Strepera graculina

value: 5 m

value: perennial

authors: (F.Muell.) Benth.

published_in: Fl. Austral. 3: 425

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coenoemersa-limosa

scientific: Coenoemersa limosa

authorship: (Lindl.) R.González & Lizb.Hern.

genus: Coenoemersa

epithet: limosa

published_in: Orquídeas Occid. Mex. 1: 258 (2010)

preferred: Thurber's bog orchid

Gymnadenia propinqua

authorship: A.Rich. & Galeotti

Habenaria limosa

authorship: (Lindl.) Hemsl.

Limnorchis arizonica

authorship: Rydb.

Limnorchis limosa

authorship: (Lindl.) Efimov

Limnorchis thurberi

authorship: (A.Gray) Rydb.

Platanthera propinqua

authorship: (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Soto Arenas & Salazar

codes: ARI MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS NWM GUA

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Guatemala

code: GUA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (Lindl.) R.González & Lizb.Hern.

published_in: Orquídeas Occid. Mex. 1: 258


slug: coenoemersa-volcanica

scientific: Coenoemersa volcanica

epithet: volcanica

published_in: Orquídeas Occid. Mex. 1: 252 (2010)

Gymnadenia prasina

authorship: A.Rich. ex Ames

Habenaria volcanica

authorship: (Lindl.) S.Watson

Platanthera volcanica

authorship: Lindl.

codes: MXC MXS

published_in: Orquídeas Occid. Mex. 1: 252

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coffea-arabica

scientific: Coffea arabica

authorship: L.

genus: Coffea

epithet: arabica

preferred: Arabian coffee

Coffea arabica var. angustifolia

authorship: Cramer

Coffea arabica var. bourbon

authorship: Rodr. ex Choussy

Coffea arabica var. brevistipulata

authorship: Cif.

Coffea arabica var. columnaris

authorship: Ottol. ex Cramer

Coffea arabica var. monosperma

authorship: Ottol. & Cramer

Coffea arabica var. murta

authorship: Lalière

Coffea arabica var. polysperma

authorship: Burck

authorship: Silveira

Coffea arabica var. straminea

authorship: Miq. ex A.Froehner

Coffea arabica var. sundana

authorship: (Miq.) A.Chev.

Coffea bourbonica

authorship: Pharm. ex Wehmer

Coffea corymbulosa

authorship: Bertol.

Coffea laurifolia

authorship: Salisb.

Coffea moka

authorship: Heynh.

Coffea sundana

authorship: Miq.

Coffea vulgaris

authorship: Moench

codes: ETH KEN SUD

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Kenya

code: KEN

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2005 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Caffeine

activities: (+)-Inotropic Adenosine-Antagonist Analeptic Analgesic-Synergist Antiapneic Antiapoptotic Antiasthmatic Anticarcinogenic

Cafestol

activities: Antiinflammatory Hypercholesterolemic

Chlorogenic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allelochemic Allergenic Analgesic AntiEBV AntiHIV AntiLegionella Antiatherosclerotic

Trigonelline

activities:
Anticancer (Cervix)
Anticancer (Liver)
Antihyperglycemic
Antimigraine
Antiseptic
Antitumor (Cervix)
Antitumor (Liver)
Epidermal-Stimulant

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

Palmitic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antifibrinolytic Antioxidant FLavor Hemolytic Hypercholesterolemic

Oleic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Anemiagenic Antialopecic Antiandrogenic Antiinflammatory Antileukotriene-D4

Stearic-acid

activities: 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor Cosmetic FLavor Hypocholesterolemic Lubricant Perfumery Propecic Suppository

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

names:
Arabian coffee
Arabica Coffee

names:
Cafeto
Cafeto arábigo

names: 咖啡 高山芹根

names: arabian-coffee cafeeiro

names:
Кофе арабика
Кофе аравийский

names: Arabica-Kaffee Arabicakaffee

names:
Café arabica
Caféier

names:
Caffè
Pianta del caffè

names: Arabica-koffie Arabicakoffie

names:
Кава арабіка
Кава аравійська

names: กาแฟ กาแฟอาราบิกา

partners:
Apis mellifera
Lepidoptera
Dialictus
Diptera
Halictus
Hypotrigona
Lasioglossum
Lipotriches

partners:
Nannotrigona perilampoides
Partamona bilineata
Plebeia frontalis
Trigona fulviventris
Trigona nigerrima
Tetragonisca angustula
Apis dorsata
Apis mellifera

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Loxigilla portoricensis
Vireo altiloquous

partners:
Artibeus jamaicensis
Artibeus lituratus
Aetalion reticulatum
Docalidia bifurcata
Guayaquila gracilicornis
Guayaquila pallescens
Hyposidra talaca
Hypothenemus hampei

partners:
Armillaria mellea
Ascochta tarda Stewart
Athelia epiphylla
Botrytis cinerea
Cephaleuros virescens
Ceratocystis fimbriata
Cercosporina coffeicola
Coffee ringspot virus

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: tree


slug: coffea-benghalensis

scientific: Coffea benghalensis

authorship: B.Heyne ex Roth

epithet: benghalensis

preferred: bengal coffee

Coffea semiexserta

authorship: Colebr. ex Roxb.

Psilanthus bababudanii

authorship: Sivar., Biju & P.Mathew

Psilanthus bengalensis

authorship: (B.Heyne ex Roth) J.-F.Leroy

codes: ASS BAN EHM IND MYA NEP THA VIE

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

value: nanophanerophyte

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: B.Heyne ex Roth

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coffea-buxifolia

scientific: Coffea buxifolia

epithet: buxifolia

published_in: Cafeiers du Globe  1: 106 (1929)

Madagascar

code: MDG

published_in: Caféiers Globe 1: 106


slug: coffea-liberica

scientific: Coffea liberica

epithet: liberica

published_in: Cat. New Beautiful Rare Pl. [W. Bull] 97: 4 (1874)

preferred: Liberian coffee

Coffea abeokutae

authorship: Cramer

Coffea abeokutae var. indeniensis

authorship: (Siebert) A.Chev.

Coffea abeokutae var. longicarpa

authorship: Portères

Coffea arnoldiana

authorship: De Wild.

Coffea dewevrei

authorship: De Wild. & T.Durand

Coffea dewevrei var. aruwimiensis

authorship: (De Wild.) A.Chev.

Coffea dewevrei var. dybowskii

authorship: (Pierre ex De Wild.) A.Chev.

Coffea dewevrei var. excelsa

authorship: (A.Chev.) A.Chev.

Coffea dewevrei var. zenkeri

authorship: (K.Krause ex De Wild.) A.Chev.

Coffea dybowskii

authorship: Pierre ex De Wild.

Coffea excelsoidea

authorship: Portères ex A.Chev.

Coffea liberica var. pyriformis

authorship: Fauchère

Coffea zenkeri

authorship: K.Krause ex De Wild.

codes: BEN CAB CMN CAF CON ZAI GAB GHA IVO LBR NGA SUD TOG UGA

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Cabinda

code: CAB

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Liberia

code: LBR

Nigeria

code: NGA

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

names:
Liberian coffee
Liberica coffee

names: 咖啡 大粒咖啡

partners:
Hyposidra talaca
Hypothenemus hampei
Acria emarginella
Aleurocanthus woglumi
Allothosea lola
Anatrachyntis falcatella
Archips fraterna
Archips machlopis

source: USDA PLANTS

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coffea-richardii

scientific: Coffea richardii

epithet: richardii

published_in: J. Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl.  8: 17 (1961)

lifeform: tree

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

published_in: J. Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl. viii. 17 (1961)


slug: coilonox-concordianum

scientific: Coilonox concordianum

authorship: (Baker) Speta

genus: Coilonox

epithet: concordianum

family: Asparagaceae

Albuca concordiana

authorship: Baker

Albuca pruinosa

authorship: Dinter

Ornithogalum apertum

authorship: (I.Verd.) Oberm.

Ornithogalum concordianum

authorship: (Baker) U.Müll.-Doblies & D.Müll.-Doblies

codes: CPP NAM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Namibia

code: NAM

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 110 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Baker) Speta

published_in: Stapfia 75: 175

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coilonox-namaquanum

scientific: Coilonox namaquanum

authorship: (U.Müll.-Doblies & D.Müll.-Doblies) Speta

epithet: namaquanum

Albuca arenosa

authorship: J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

Ornithogalum namaquanum

authorship: U.Müll.-Doblies & D.Müll.-Doblies


slug: coilonox-polyphyllum

scientific: Coilonox polyphyllum

authorship: (Jacq.) Speta

epithet: polyphyllum

Albuca consanguinea

authorship: (Kunth) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

Ornithogalum consanguineum

authorship: Kunth

Ornithogalum polyphyllum

authorship: Jacq.

Scilla polyphylla

authorship: (Jacq.) Royle

authors: (Jacq.) Speta


slug: coilonox-secundum

scientific: Coilonox secundum

epithet: secundum

Albuca secunda

authorship: (Jacq.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

Loncomelos secundum

authorship: (Jacq.) Raf.

Monotassa secunda

authorship: (Jacq.) Salisb.

Urginea secunda

authorship: (Jacq.) Baker

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: coilonox-suaveolens

scientific: Coilonox suaveolens

epithet: suaveolens

Ornithogalum breviscapum

authorship: Leight.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 201 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Striped Chink
Striped Tamarak

names: Альбука душистая

published_in: Stapfia 75: 176


slug: coilonox-vittatum

scientific: Coilonox vittatum

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Speta

epithet: vittatum

Albuca vittata

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Ornithogalum vittatum

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Kunth

Taeniola vittata

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Salisb.

authors: (Ker Gawl.) Speta

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coincya-monensis

scientific: Coincya monensis

authorship: (L.) Greuter & Burdet

genus: Coincya

epithet: monensis

family: Brassicaceae

published_in: Willdenowia 13: 87 (1983)

preferred: star-mustard

Brassica arenosa

authorship: Jord.

Brassica cheiranthiflora

authorship: (Willd. ex Pers.) DC.

Brassica cheiranthos

authorship: Vill.

name: Brassica cheiranthos subsp. pseudoerucastrum

authorship: (Brot.) Samp.

Brassica cheiranthos var. brachypodos

authorship: Merino

Brassica cheiranthos var. gredensis

authorship: Pau

Brassica cheiranthos var. montana

authorship: DC.

Brassica cheiranthos var. nevadensis

authorship: Willk.

Brassica cheiranthos var. recurvata

authorship: (All.) Poir.

Brassica ensifera

authorship: Dumort.

Brassica erysimoides

authorship: Pourr.

Brassica humilis f. saxatilis

authorship: (Lam.) Coss.

Brassica johnstonii

authorship: Samp.

Brassica monensis

authorship: Huds.

Brassica monensis f. cheiranthiflora

authorship: (Willd.) Paol.

Brassica monensis f. recurvata

authorship: (All.) Paol.

Brassica monensis subsp. cheiranthos

authorship: (Vill.) Hook.f.

authorship: (Vill.) P.Fourn.

Brassica monensis var. cheiranthos

authorship: (Vill.) Bab.

Brassica monensis var. montana

authorship: (DC.) Paol.

Brassica monensis var. petrosa

authorship: (Jord.) Briq.

Brassica pseudoerucastrum

authorship: Brot.

Brassica pseudoerucastrum f. cintrana

authorship: Cout.

name: Brassica pseudoerucastrum var. juhnstonii

Brassica rectangularis

authorship: Viv.

Brassica recurvata

authorship: (All.) Jord.

Brassica setigera

authorship: (J.Gay ex Lange) Willk.

Brassica valentina

authorship: (Loefl. ex L.) DC.

name: Brassica valentina var. pseudoerucastrum

authorship: (Brot.) Mariz

Brassicella arenosa

authorship: Fourr.

Brassicella cheiranthos

authorship: (Vill.) Fourr.

Brassicella cheiranthus

authorship: (Vill) Pugsley

Brassicella coincyoides

authorship: Humbert & Maire

Brassicella monensis subsp. coincyoides

authorship: (Humbert & Maire) Maire

Brassicella montana

authorship: (DC.) H.Hess.Landolt & Hirzel.

Brassicella pseudoerucastrum

authorship: (Brot.) O.E.Schulz

Brassicella setigera

authorship: (J.Gay ex Lange) Font Quer & Rothm.

Brassicella valentina

authorship: (Loefl. ex L.) O.E.Schulz

Cardamine monensis var. granatensis

authorship: (O.E.Schulz) Leadlay

Cardamine monensis var. johnstonii

authorship: (Samp.) Leadlay

Cardamine monensis var. recurvata

authorship: (All.) Leadlay

Cardamine oligosperma var. Coincya

authorship: (J.Gay ex Lange) Leadlay

Coincya cheiranthos

authorship: (Vill.) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya cheiranthos subsp. cheiranthos

authorship: Greuter & Burdet

Coincya cheiranthos subsp. montana

authorship: (DC.) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya cheiranthos subsp. nevadensis

authorship: (Willk.) Greuter & Burdet

name: Coincya cheiranthos subsp. rectangularis

authorship: (Viv.) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya cintrana

authorship: (Cout.) P.Silva

Coincya coincyoides

authorship: (Humbert & Maire) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya hispida

authorship: (Cav.) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya johnstonii

authorship: (Samp.) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya monensis subsp. hispida

authorship: (Cav.) Leadlay

Coincya monensis var. montana

authorship: (DC.) P.D.Sell

Coincya montana

authorship: (DC.) Landolt

Coincya nevadensis

authorship: (Willk.) Rivas Mart.

Coincya nevadensis subsp. orophila

authorship: (Franco) Rivas Mart.

Coincya orophila

authorship: (Franco) Rivas Mart., Fern.Gonz. & Sánchez Mata

Coincya orophila subsp. nevadensis

authorship: (Willk.) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle

Coincya pseudoerucastrum

authorship: (Brot.) Greuter & Burdet

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. cintrana

authorship: (Cout.) Greuter & Burdet

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. coincyoides

authorship: (Humbert & Maire) Rivas Mart.

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. johnstonii

authorship: (Samp.) Rivas Mart.

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. orophila

authorship: (Franco) Greuter & Burdet

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. pseudoerucastrum

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. puberula

authorship: (Pau) Valdés

name: Coincya pseudoerucastrum subsp. setigera

authorship: (Lange) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya puberula

authorship: (Pau) Greuter & Burdet

Coincya setigera

authorship: (J.Gay ex Lange) Rivas Mart.

Eruca hispida

authorship: Cav.

Erucastrum cheiranthiflorum

authorship: (Willd. ex Pers.) Link

Erucastrum cheiranthos

authorship: (Vill.) Link

Erucastrum cheiranthus

authorship: Link

Erucastrum monensis

authorship: (L.) Link

Erysimum arvense

authorship: Thore

Hutera cheiranthos

authorship: (Vill.) Gómez-Campo

Hutera cheiranthos subsp. nevadensis

authorship: (Willk.) Gómez-Campo

name: Rhynchosinapis cheiranthos subsp. cheiranthos

name: Rhynchosinapis cheiranthos subsp. nevadensis

name: Rhynchosinapis cheiranthos subsp. setigera

name: Rhynchosinapis pseudoerucastrum subsp. cintrana

name: Rhynchosinapis pseudoerucastrum subsp. orophila

name: Rhynchosinapis pseudoerucastrum subsp. pseudoerucastrum

name: Sinapis cheiranthos subsp. rectangularis

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 215 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Куэнсия мэнская

partners:
Altica oleracea
Andrena
Apis mellifera
Autographa gamma
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus sylvestris


slug: coincya-richeri

scientific: Coincya richeri

authorship: (Vill.) Greuter & Burdet

epithet: richeri

published_in: Willdenowia 13: 88 (1983)

Brassica richeri

authorship: Vill.

Brassicella richeri

authorship: (Vill.) O.E.Schulz

Rhynchosinapis richeri

authorship: (Vill.) Heywood

codes: FRA ITA

France

code: FRA

continent: EUROPE

region: Southwestern Europe

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 53 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Chou de Richer
Coincye de Richer, Chou de Richer

partners:
Andrena afrensis
Andrena agilissima
Andrena distinguenda
Andrena floricola
Andrena florivaga
Andrena lagopus
Andrena niveata
Andrena ranunculorum

label: Eaten by

authors: (Vill.) Greuter & Burdet

published_in: Willdenowia 13(1): 88

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: coix-lacryma-jobi

scientific: Coix lacryma-jobi

authorship: L.

genus: Coix

epithet: lacryma-jobi

preferred: Job's tears

Coix agrestis

authorship: Lour.

Coix agrestis var. maxima

authorship: (Makino) Nakai

Coix arundinacea

authorship: Lam.

Coix chinensis

authorship: Tod.

authorship: Tod. ex Balansa

Coix chinensis var. formosana

authorship: (Ohwi) L.Liu

Coix exaltata

authorship: Jacq.

authorship: Fisch. ex J.Jacq.

Coix lacryma-jobi f. agrestis

authorship: (Lour.) Backer

Coix lacryma-jobi f. palustris

authorship: (Koord.) Backer

Coix lacryma-jobi subsp. ma-yuen

authorship: (Rom.Caill.) T.Koyama

Coix lacryma-jobi var. formosana

authorship: Ohwi

Coix lacryma-jobi var. frumentacea

authorship: Makino

Coix lacryma-jobi var. novoguineensis

authorship: Pilg.

Coix lacryma-jobi var. tubulosa

authorship: (Hack.) K.Schum.

Coix lacrymajobi var. exaltata

authorship: (Fisch. ex J.Jacq.) Link

Coix lacrymajobi var. major

authorship: Mimeur

Coix lacrymajobi var. minor

authorship: Hassk.

Coix lacrymajobi var. monilifera

authorship: Watt

Coix lacrymajobi var. oocarpa

authorship: Buse

Coix ouwehandii

authorship: Koord.

Coix ovata

authorship: Stokes

Coix pendula

authorship: Salisb.

Coix puellarum

authorship: Balansa

Coix pumila

authorship: Roxb.

Coix stenocarpa

authorship: (Oliv.) Balansa

Coix stigmatosa

authorship: K.Koch & C.D.Bouché

Coix tubulosa

authorship: Hack.

Lithagrostis lacryma-jobi

authorship: (L.) Gaertn.

Sphaerium lacryma

authorship: Kuntze

Sphaerium tubulosum

authorship: (Hack.) Kuntze

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND LAO MLY MYA NEP NCB PHI SRL THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

Tibet

code: CHT

Andaman Is.

code: AND

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Laos

code: LAO

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

Coixenolide

activities: Antihepatomic Antiinflammatory Antineoplastic CNS-Depressant Immunoitherapeutic

Coixol

activities: Antihistaminic Antiinflammatory Antipyretic Tranquilizer

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Thiamin

activities: Analgesic AntiLyme Antialcoholic Antialzheimeran Antianorectic Antibackache Antiberiberi Anticanker

Adenosine

activities: Analgesic Antiaggregant Antiarrhythmic Antidiuretic Antiendotoxic Antihypertensive Antiinsomniac Antilipolytic

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Ferulic-acid

activities:
Allelopathic
Analgesic
Antiaggregant
Antiallergic
Antiarrhythmic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Colon)
Anticancer (Forestomach)

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

Riboflavin

activities: AntiLyme Antiarabiflavinotic Anticarpal-Tunnel Anticataract Anticephalagic Anticervicaldysplasic Anticheilitic Antidecubitic

names: Коикс слёзы Иовы

names: Coix larme-de-Job, Larme-de-Job, Herbe à chapelets

names: Coïx larme de Job, Herbe à chapelets, Larme de Job

partners:
Melanitis leda
Peregrinus maidis
Argyrotaenia franciscana
Homo sapiens
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Melanitis phedima
Mycalesis francisca
Mycalesis gotama

partners:
Curvularia coicis
Maize streak virus - E[Pat]

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: cojoba-arborea

scientific: Cojoba arborea

authorship: (L.) Britton & Rose

genus: Cojoba

epithet: arborea

preferred: wild tamarind

Acacia arborea

authorship: (L.) Willd.

Cojoba arborea var. cubensis

authorship: (Bisse) Barneby & J.W.Grimes

Cojoba austrina

authorship: (Standl. & L.O.Williams) L.Rico

Cojoba colombiana

authorship: Britton & Killip

Cojoba guatemalensis

authorship: Britton & Rose

Cojoba longipendula

authorship: (Forero & A.H.Gentry) Forero & C.Romero

Cojoba matudae

authorship: (Lundell) L.Rico

Feuilleea filicifolia

authorship: (Lam.) Kuntze

Mimosa arborea

authorship: L.

Mimosa filicifolia

authorship: Lam.

Mimosa ouyratama

authorship: Vitman

Pithecellobium angustifolium

authorship: (Rusby) Rusby

Pithecellobium arboreum

authorship: (L.) Urb.

Pithecellobium arboreum var. filifolia

authorship: Kitan.

Pithecellobium austrinum

authorship: Standl. & L.O.Williams

Pithecellobium cubense

authorship: Bisse

Pithecellobium filicifolium

authorship: (Lam.) Benth.

Pithecellobium longipendulum

authorship: Forero & A.H.Gentry

Pithecellobium matudae

authorship: Lundell

name: Pithecellobium sophorocarpum var. angustifolium

authorship: Rusby

Pithecellobium tonduzii

authorship: (Britton & Rose) Standl.

Pithecellobium tuerckheimii

authorship: (Britton & Rose) Standl. & Steyerm.

Pithecellobium vulcanorum

authorship: Standl. & Steyerm.

name: Pithecolobium sophorocarpum var. angustifolium

authorship: Herzog

Pithecolobium tuerckheimii

authorship: (Britton & Rose) Standl. & Stey

Samanea arborea

authorship: (L.) Ricker

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BOL CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA HAI HON JAM NIC PER PUE

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

Honduras

code: HON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 311 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: cojoba-costaricensis

scientific: Cojoba costaricensis

authorship: Britton & Rose

epithet: costaricensis

codes: COS PAN

Panamá

code: PAN

names: Cocobola Cocobolo

authors: Britton & Rose


slug: cojoba-rufescens

scientific: Cojoba rufescens

authorship: (Benth.) Britton & Rose

epithet: rufescens

Cojoba tubulifera

authorship: (Benth.) Britton

Feuilleea billbergiana

authorship: (Benth.) Kuntze

Feuilleea darienensis

authorship: (Seem.) Kuntze

Inga billbergiana

authorship: Benth.

Inga dariensis

authorship: Seem.

Pithecellobium davidsoniae

authorship: Standl.

Pithecellobium rufescens

authorship: (Benth.) Pittier

Pithecellobium rufescens var. vallense

authorship: Schery

codes: CLM COS ECU HON PAN

label: Height

label: Photosynthetic pathway


slug: cojoba-sophorocarpa

scientific: Cojoba sophorocarpa

epithet: sophorocarpa

Pithecellobium jinotegense

authorship: Standl. & L.O.Williams

codes: MXG MXT COS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

region: Mexico

Nicaragua

code: NIC

authors: (Benth. & Hook.) Britton & Rose


slug: cola-chlamydantha

scientific: Cola chlamydantha

genus: Cola

epithet: chlamydantha

family: Malvaceae

published_in: Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen-Fam. 5: 112 (1900)

Chlamydocola chlamydantha

authorship: (K.Schum.) M.Bodard

Cola flamignii

authorship: De Wild.

Sterculia mirabilis

authorship: (A.Chev.) Roberty

codes: CMN CAF CON ZAI GAB GHA GUI IVO LBR NGA SIE

Cameroon

code: CMN

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Liberia

code: LBR

Nigeria

code: NGA

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

label: Life cycle

published_in: Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. v. 112


slug: cola-dorrii

scientific: Cola dorrii

authorship: Cheek

epithet: dorrii

codes: SWZ NAT

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

names:
Baster Knoppelhout
Harige Kola

authors: Cheek


slug: cola-greenwayi

scientific: Cola greenwayi

authorship: Brenan

epithet: greenwayi

codes: ZAI KEN MLW MOZ TVL TAN ZAM ZIM

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

partners:
Arizelocichla fusciceps
Arizelocichla milanjensis
Bycanistes brevis
Bycanistes bucinator
Cercopithecus mitis
Cinnyricinclus leucogaster
Columba arquatrix
Columba larvata

label: Leaf retention

value: evergreen

value: berry

authors: Brenan


slug: cola-natalensis

scientific: Cola natalensis

authorship: Oliv.

epithet: natalensis

preferred: coshwood

english:
coshwood
smooth cola
southern cola

codes: CPP SWZ NAT

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

names:
coshwood
smooth cola

names: gladdekola Knippelhout

names: umnqayana imbalonyathi

names: iphumbulu umthenenende

authors: Oliv.

published_in: Hooker's Icon. Pl. 14: t. 1390


slug: colchicum-albomarginatum

scientific: Colchicum albomarginatum

authorship: (Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

genus: Colchicum

epithet: albomarginatum

family: Colchicaceae

Androcymbium albomarginatum

authorship: Schinz

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

authors: (Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn.


slug: colchicum-alpinum

scientific: Colchicum alpinum

authorship: DC.

epithet: alpinum

Colchicum alpinum prol. merenderoides

authorship: (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Rouy

Colchicum alpinum subsp. parvulum

authorship: (Ten.) Nyman

Colchicum alpinum var. merenderoides

authorship: (E.P.Perrier & Songeon) Douin

Colchicum alpinum var. parvulum

authorship: (Ten.) Baker

Colchicum merenderoides

authorship: E.P.Perrier & Songeon

Colchicum parvulum

authorship: Ten.

Colchicum pseudoparvulum

authorship: Lojac.

codes: FRA ITA SIC SWI

France

code: FRA

Italy

code: ITA

Sicilia

code: SIC

Switzerland

code: SWI

region: Middle Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 352 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Alpine Autumn Crocus
Alpine Meadow Saffron

names: Alpen-Herbstzeitlose Alpen-Zeitlose

names:
Colchico minore
colchico alpino

label: Pollinated by

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Erebia aethiops
Hesperia comma
Mylabris variabilis
Plebicula dorylas

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphelia paleana
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus

authors: DC.

published_in: Fl. Franc. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3. 3: 195


slug: colchicum-asteroides

scientific: Colchicum asteroides

authorship: (J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: asteroides

Androcymbium asteroides

authorship: J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

Androcymbium roseum subsp. albiflorum

authorship: U.Müll.-Doblies, Raus, Weiglin & D.Müll.-Doblies

codes: CPP OFS

Free State

code: OFS


slug: colchicum-autumnale

scientific: Colchicum autumnale

authorship: L.

epithet: autumnale

preferred: Autumn Crocus

english:
Autumn Crocus
Autumn crocus
Meadow Saffron
autumn crocus
meadow saffron
naked lady

Bulbocodium antumnale

authorship: (L.) Lapeyr.

Bulbocodium autumnale

authorship: Lapeyr.

Colchicum autumnale f. bulgaricum

authorship: (Velen.) Domin

Colchicum autumnale f. macropetala

authorship: Gajic

Colchicum autumnale f. pannonicum

authorship: (Griseb. & Schenk) Domin

Colchicum autumnale f. transsilvanicum

authorship: (Schur) Domin

Colchicum autumnale prol. vernale

authorship: (Hoffm.) Rouy

Colchicum autumnale subsp. pannonicum

authorship: (Griseb. & Schenk) Nyman

Colchicum autumnale subsp. vernum

authorship: (Reichard) Nyman

Colchicum autumnale var. album

authorship: Gray

Colchicum autumnale var. bulgaricum

authorship: (Vel.) Stoj. & Stef.

Colchicum autumnale var. elatius

authorship: Simonk.

Colchicum autumnale var. major

authorship: Tubergen

Colchicum autumnale var. pannonicum

authorship: (Griseb. & Schenk) Baker

Colchicum autumnale var. pictum

authorship: Lej. & Courtois

Colchicum autumnale var. speciosissimum

authorship: Bubela

name: Colchicum autumnale var. transsilvanicum

authorship: (Schur) Nyman

Colchicum autumnale var. vernale

authorship: (Hoffm.) Nyman

Colchicum autumnale var. vernum

authorship: Reichard

Colchicum autumnale var. viridiflorum

authorship: Opiz

Colchicum borisii

authorship: Stef.

Colchicum bulgaricum

authorship: Velen.

Colchicum commune

authorship: Neck.

Colchicum crociflorum

authorship: Sims

Colchicum doerfleri var. orientale

authorship: Kitanov

Colchicum drenowskii

authorship: Degen & Rech.f. ex Kitan.

Colchicum orientale

authorship: Friv. ex Kunth

Colchicum pannonicum

authorship: Griseb. & Schenk

Colchicum polyanthon

authorship: Ker Gawl.

Colchicum praecox

authorship: Spenn.

Colchicum rhodopaeum

authorship: Kov.

Colchicum transsilvanicum

authorship: Schur

Colchicum vernale

authorship: Hoffm.

Colchicum vernum

authorship: (Reichard) Georgi

Colchicum vranjanum

authorship: Adamovic ex Stef.

codes: ALB AUT BGM BUL CZE FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET POL ROM SPA SWI UKR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Ireland

code: IRE

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Netherlands

code: NET

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1995 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Colchicine

activities: AntiBehcet's AntiHIV AntiPaget's Antiamyloidosic Antiarthritic Antibacterial Anticirrhotic Antidermatitic

Apigenin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor AntiADD AntiHIV Antiaflatoxin Antiaggregant Antiaging Antiallergic Antiangiogenic

Salicylic-acid

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Antiarthritic Antibacterial Antidandruff Antidermatotic Antieczemic Antiichthyosic

Demecolcine

activities: Antileukemic Antimitotic Antipodagric Antitubulin Antitumor MDR-Inhibitor Marrow-Suppresant

Benzoic-acid

activities: Allergenic Anesthetic Antibacterial Antiotitic Antipyretic Antisalmonella Antiseptic Antiyeast

Colchamine

activities: Antiflu Antiviral Neoplastic Pesticide Teratogenic

names:
سورنجان خريفي
لحلاح خريفي

names: Безвременник осенний

names: イヌサフラン コルキカム

names: زعفران مرغزار

names:
Дикий шафран
Зимовик

partners:
Anthophila fabriciana
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus terrestris
Eumerus
Lycaena phlaeas
Phaonia angelicae
Thrips major

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Lycaena phlaeas
Bombus lucorum
Bombus sylvestris
Colias hyale
Cyaniris semiargus
Eumerus
Frankliniella intonsa

partners:
Eristalis tenax
Scaeva pyrastri
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphelia paleana


slug: colchicum-bivonae

scientific: Colchicum bivonae

authorship: Guss.

epithet: bivonae

published_in: Adnot. Cat. Pl. Boccad. : 4 (1821)

Colchicum amabile

authorship: Heldr.

Colchicum amabile var. variopictum

authorship: (Janka) Nyman

Colchicum autumnale var. bivonae

authorship: (Guss.) Fiori

Colchicum autumnale var. variopictum

authorship: (Janka) Fiori

Colchicum busambarense

authorship: Lojac.

Colchicum latifolium

authorship: Sm.

Colchicum pulchrum

authorship: Herb. ex Baker

Colchicum sibthorpii

authorship: Baker

Colchicum variegatum

authorship: Biv.

Colchicum variopictum

authorship: Janka

codes: EAI TUR ALB BUL GRC ITA YUG SAR SIC TUE

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Türkiye

code: TUR

Italy

code: ITA

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 187 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Guss.

published_in: Cat. Pl. Hort. Boccadifalco 4


slug: colchicum-bulbocodium

scientific: Colchicum bulbocodium

authorship: Ker Gawl.

epithet: bulbocodium

Bulbocodium dioszegianum

authorship: Rapaics

Bulbocodium montanum

authorship: Fisch.

Bulbocodium plantii

authorship: Siebert & Voss

Bulbocodium ruthenicum

authorship: Bunge

Bulbocodium vernum

authorship: L.

Bulbocodium vernum f. dioszegianum

authorship: (Rapaics) Soó

Bulbocodium vernum f. plantii

authorship: Voss

Bulbocodium vernum subsp. versicolor

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) K.Richt.

Bulbocodium versicolor

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) Spreng.

Colchicum bulbocodium var. versicolor

authorship: (Ker Gawl.) K.Perss.

Colchicum crociflorum

authorship: Schott & Kotschy

Colchicum vernum

authorship: (L.) Stef.

Merendera verna

authorship: (L.) Bubani

codes: NCS AUT FRA HUN ITA YUG ROM RUS SPA SWI UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Austria

code: AUT

France

code: FRA

South European Russia

code: RUS

region: Eastern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 575 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Безвременник весенний
Брандушка весенняя

names: Frühlingslichtblume Lichtmessblume

names:
Bulbocode du printemps
Bulbocode printanier

names: Брандушка різнобарвна

names:
Egyhajúvirág
tavaszi egyhajúvirág

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Apis mellifera
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus

label: Parasites


slug: colchicum-burchellii

scientific: Colchicum burchellii

authorship: (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: burchellii

Androcymbium burchellii

authorship: Baker

Androcymbium burchellii subsp. pulchrum

authorship: (Schltr. & K.Krause) Pedrola, Membrives, J.M.Monts. & Caujapé

Androcymbium latifolium

authorship: Schinz

Androcymbium pulchrum

authorship: Schltr. & K.Krause

Colchicum coloratum

authorship: J.C.Manning & Vinn.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 72 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Red Men-in-a-Boat
White Cup-and-saucer

names: Witpatrysblom rooipatrysblom

authors: (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

published_in: Bothalia 53(1)-a5: 2


slug: colchicum-capense

scientific: Colchicum capense

authorship: (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: capense

Androcymbium capense

authorship: (L.) Druce

Androcymbium eucomoides

authorship: Sweet

Androcymbium leucanthum

authorship: Willd.

Anguillaria capensis

authorship: (L.) Spreng.

Plexinium punctatum

authorship: Raf.

names: Андроцимбиум капский

names: bobbejaanskoen suikerkannetjie

authors: (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: colchicum-cupanii

scientific: Colchicum cupanii

authorship: Guss.

epithet: cupanii

Colchicum bertolonii

authorship: Steven

Colchicum bertolonii var. angustifolium

authorship: Parl.

authorship: Tod.

Colchicum bertolonii var. cupanii

authorship: (Guss.) Parl.

Colchicum cousturieri

authorship: Greuter

Colchicum creticum

authorship: Turrill

Colchicum cupanii var. bertolonii

authorship: (Steven) Rouy

Colchicum cupanii var. parviflorum

authorship: (Biv.) Rouy

Colchicum cupanii var. pulverulentum

authorship: Batt. ex Maire & Weiller

Colchicum cupanii var. valeryi

authorship: (Tineo) Rouy

Colchicum glossophyllum

authorship: Heldr. ex Halácsy

authorship: Heldr.

Colchicum gussonei

authorship: Lojac.

Colchicum minimum

authorship: Elwes ex Baker

Colchicum montanum subsp. bertolonii

authorship: (Steven) Fiori & Paol.

Colchicum montanum var. bertolonii

authorship: (Steven) Bonnet & Barratte

Colchicum montanum var. cupanii

authorship: (Guss.) Fiori

Colchicum parviflorum

authorship: Biv.

Colchicum valery

authorship: Tineo

codes: ALG TUN ALB FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG SAR SIC

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Tunisia

code: TUN

Albania

code: ALB

Greece

code: GRC

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 212 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

names:
Colchique de Bertoloni
Colchique de Cupani

published_in: Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 452

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: colchicum-cuspidatum

scientific: Colchicum cuspidatum

authorship: (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: cuspidatum

Androcymbium cuspidatum

authorship: Baker

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: colchicum-dregei

scientific: Colchicum dregei

authorship: (C.Presl) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: dregei

authors: (C.Presl) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: colchicum-eucomoides

scientific: Colchicum eucomoides

authorship: (Jacq.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

epithet: eucomoides

Androcymbium eucomoides

authorship: (Jacq.) Willd.

Cymbanthes foetida

authorship: Salisb.

Melanthium eucomoides

authorship: Jacq.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 442 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Moses-in-die-Bootjie Patrysblom

authors: (Jacq.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: colchicum-filifolium

scientific: Colchicum filifolium

authorship: (Cambess.) Stef.

epithet: filifolium

published_in: Sborn. B'lghar. Akad. Nauk  22: 58 (1926)

Bulbocodium balearicum

authorship: Nyman

Bulbocodium filifolium

authorship: (Cambess.) Cuatrec.

Bulbocodium fontanesii

authorship: Heynh.

Merendera bulbocodium subsp. filifolia

authorship: (Cambess.) Bonnier & Layens

Merendera filifolia

authorship: Cambess.

Merendera filifolia var. atlantica

authorship: Chabert

Merendera linifolia

authorship: Munby

codes: ALG MOR BAL FRA POR SPA

Morocco

code: MOR

Baleares

code: BAL

Portugal

code: POR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 355 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: لحلاح خيطي الأوراق

names: Colchique à feuilles filiformes, Mérendère à feuilles filiformes

partners:
Andrena binominata
Apis mellifera
Asilinae
Camilla atrimanus
Crematogaster laestrygon
Cynthia cardui
Delia platura
Empis genualis

partners:
Andrena binominata
Apis mellifera
Asilinae
Camilla atrimana
Crematogaster laestrygon
Cynthia cardui
Delia platura
Empis genualis

authors: Stef.

published_in: Monogr. Colchicum (Sbornuk B'lghar Akad. Nauk. xxii.), 58 (1926)