slug: oenothera-gaura

scientific: Oenothera gaura

authorship: W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: gaura

preferred: biennial beeblossom

Gaura biennis

authorship: L.

Gaura biennis var. typica

authorship: Munz

Gaura pitcheri

authorship: Small

authorship: Picker. ex Torr. & A.Gray

codes: CNT DEL WDC ILL INI IOW KTY MRY MAS MIC MIN NWJ NWY NCA OHI ONT PEN QUE TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Iowa

code: IOW

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1994 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
biennial beeblossom
Biennial Evening-Primrose

names:
gaura bisannuel
gaura bisannuelle

partners:
Agrotis ipsilon
Andrena carlini
Anthrenus museorum
Calocoris rapidus
Cerceris clypeata
Chlorops pulverea
Colletes oligolege
Colletes productus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Eristalis dimidiata
Eupeodes americanus
Lasioglossum versatum

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Jalysus
Proserpinus juanita


slug: oenothera-gayleana

scientific: Oenothera gayleana

authorship: B.L.Turner & M.J.Moore

genus: Oenothera

epithet: gayleana

family: Onagraceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Oenothera capillifolia var. gayleana

authorship: (B.L.Turner & M.J.Moore) Allred

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: NWM TEX

New Mexico

code: NWM

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

climate: temperate

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

authors: B.L.Turner & M.J.Moore

published_in: Phytologia 96(3): 200

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: oenothera-glaucifolia

scientific: Oenothera glaucifolia

epithet: glaucifolia

Antogoeringia linifolia

authorship: Kuntze

Gaura linifolia

authorship: Nutt. ex E.James

Stenosiphon bracteatus

authorship: Jones ex Johansen

Stenosiphon linifolium

authorship: (Nutt. ex E.James) Heynh.

Stenosiphon virgatum

authorship: Spach

codes: ARK COL KAN MXE MSO NEB NWM OKL TEX WYO

Arkansas

code: ARK

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Wyoming

code: WYO

lifeform: biennial

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1380 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

value: subshrub

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: W.L.Wagner & Hoch

published_in: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 212

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: oenothera-glazioviana

scientific: Oenothera glazioviana

authorship: Micheli

epithet: glazioviana

preferred: redsepal evening primrose

source: wikidata

Oenothera aberrans

authorship: Lutz

Oenothera albida

authorship: de Vries

Oenothera coronifera

authorship: Renner

Oenothera crassifolia var. leptocarpa

authorship: (Greene) H.Lév.

Oenothera erythrosepala

authorship: (Borbás) Borbás

Oenothera erythrosepala var. azorica

authorship: Rostański

Oenothera fusiformis

authorship: Munz & I.M.Johnst.

Oenothera gigas

authorship: Vries

Oenothera glazioviana f. rubricalyx

authorship: (R.R.Gates) Lambinon

Oenothera grandiflora subsp. coronifera

authorship: (Renner) A.Weihe

name: Oenothera grandiflora subsp. erythrocephala

authorship: (Borbás) Á.Löve & D.Löve

name: Oenothera grandiflora subsp. erythrosepala

Oenothera leptocarpa

authorship: Greene

Oenothera suaveolens f. erythrocephala

authorship: (Borbás) Jáv.

Onagra erythrosepala

authorship: Borbás

Onagra gigas

authorship: MacDougal

Onagra grandiflora

authorship: (L'Hér.) Cockerell

Onagra nanella

authorship: (de Vries) MacDougal

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
redsepal evening primrose
Large-flowered Evening-primrose

names:
enotera
hierba del asno

names: 月见草 月见草油

names: زهرة الربيع المسائية الكبيرة المزهرة

names: Ослинник Глазиу

names:
Rotkelchige Nachtkerze
Achtrotstreifige Nachtkerze

names: Onagre de Glaziou, Onagre à sépales rouges, Onagre à sépales rougeâtres

names:
Enagra di Glaziou
Enotera di Glaziou

names:
Wiesiołek Royfrasera
Wiesiołek czerwonokielichowy

names: Енотера червоночашечкова

names: Jättihelokki oranssihelokki

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Episyrphus balteatus
Eristalis tenax
Phaneroptera nana

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Apis mellifera
Deilephila elpenor
Episyrphus balteatus
Manduca quinquemaculatus
Phaneroptera nana
Vespa velutina
Eristalis tenax
Halictus tripartitus

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Dicyphus epilobii
Erysiphe howeana

partners:
Apis mellifera
Carduelis carduelis
Altica lythri
Altica oleracea
Aphis grossulariae
Aphis sambuci
Bombus hortulanus
Bromius obscurus

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

partners:
Erysiphe howeana
Peronospora arthurii

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

key: woodiness

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: oenothera-grandis

scientific: Oenothera grandis

authorship: Smyth

epithet: grandis

published_in: Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 16: 160 (1899)

preferred: showy evening primrose

Oenothera laciniata var. grandiflora

authorship: (S.Watson) B.L.Rob.

Oenothera laciniata var. grandis

authorship: Britton

Oenothera laciniata var. occidentalis

authorship: Small

Raimannia grandis

authorship: (Smyth) Rose ex Sprague & L.Riley

codes: ARK COL KAN LOU MXE MXS MSO NEB NWM OKL TEX

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

lifeform: annual

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 143 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

value: annual

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: Smyth

published_in: Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 16: 160


slug: oenothera-grisea

scientific: Oenothera grisea

epithet: grisea

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 64: 579 (1977 publ. 1978)

Chile Central

code: CLC

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Southern South America

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 64: 579 (-580), figs


slug: oenothera-harringtonii

scientific: Oenothera harringtonii

authorship: W.L.Wagner, Stockh. & W.M.Klein

epithet: harringtonii

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 195 (1983)

preferred: Colorado Springs evening primrose

lifeform: annual or biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Colorado Springs evening primrose
Arkansas Valley Evening-Primose

partners: Apoidea Sphingidae

authors: W.L.Wagner, Stockh. & W.M.Klein

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 195

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-hartwegii

scientific: Oenothera hartwegii

authorship: Benth.

epithet: hartwegii

preferred: Hartweg's sundrops

source: usda

Calylophus hartwegii

authorship: (Benth.) P.H.Raven

Calylophus hartwegii subsp. fendleri

authorship: (A.Gray) Towner & P.H.Raven

Calylophus hartwegii subsp. filifolia

authorship: (Eastw.) Towner & P.H.Raven

Calylophus hartwegii subsp. maccartii

authorship: (Shinners) Towner & P.H.Raven

Calylophus hartwegii var. filifolia

authorship: (Eastw.) Munz

Calylophus hartwegii var. filifolius

authorship: (Eastw.) Shinners

Calylophus hartwegii var. maccartii

authorship: Shinners

Calylophus hartwegii var. pubescens

authorship: (A.Gray) Shinners

Galpinsia camporum

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Galpinsia fendleri

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Heller

Galpinsia filifolia

authorship: (Eastw.) A.Heller

Galpinsia greggii

authorship: (A.Gray) Small

Galpinsia hartwegii

authorship: (Benth.) Britton

name: Galpinsia lavandulifolia var. glandulosa

authorship: (Munz) Moldenke

Oenothera camporum

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.

Oenothera filifolia

authorship: (Eastw.) Tidestr.

Oenothera greggii var. lampasana

authorship: (Buckley) Munz

Oenothera greggii var. pringlei

authorship: Munz

Oenothera hartwegii subvar. filifolia

authorship: (Eastw.) H.Lév.

Oenothera hartwegii var. fendleri

authorship: (A.Gray) A.Gray

Oenothera hartwegii var. pubescens

authorship: (A.Gray) Allred

Oenothera lampasana

authorship: Buckley

name: Oenothera lavandulifolia var. glandulosa

Oenothera pringlei

authorship: (Munz) Munz

Oenothera tubicula var. filifolia

authorship: Eastw.

Salpingia hartwegii

authorship: (Benth.) Raim.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ARI COL KAN MXE MXN MXS NWM OKL TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 773 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hartweg's Evening Primrose
Hartweg's Sundrops

partners:
Agapostemon splendens
Batyle suturalis
Euphoria kernii
Lithurgopsis apicalis

partners:
Attalus nigripes
Eupseudomorpha brillians
Reuteroscopus ornatus

value: shrub


slug: oenothera-havardii

scientific: Oenothera havardii

epithet: havardii

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 366 (1885)

preferred: Havard's evening primrose

Hartmannia havardii

authorship: (S.Watson) Rose

Hartmannia palmeri

authorship: Rose

codes: ARI MXE MXN TEX

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 55 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 366

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-heterophylla

scientific: Oenothera heterophylla

authorship: Spach

epithet: heterophylla

published_in: Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 348 (1835)

preferred: variableleaf evening primrose

name: Oenothera heterophylla var. heterophylla

authorship: Fosberg

Oenothera pyramidalis var. heterophylla

authorship: (Spach) H.Lév.

Oenothera variifolia

authorship: Steud.

Raimannia heterophylla

authorship: (Spach) Rose ex Sprague & L.Riley

codes: ALA ARK LOU TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
variableleaf evening primrose
Largebract evening-primrose

value: biennial

authors: Spach

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-hexandra

scientific: Oenothera hexandra

authorship: (Ortega) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: hexandra

preferred: harlequinbush

Gaura hexandra

authorship: Ortega

Gaura tripetala

authorship: Cav.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Guatemala

code: GUA

region: Central America

climate: seasonally dry tropical

authors: (Ortega) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEHE5

license: public domain

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-hispida

scientific: Oenothera hispida

authorship: (Benth.) W.L.Wagner, Hoch & Zarucchi

epithet: hispida

published_in: PhytoKeys 50: 26. 2015 [27 May 2015] [epublished]

Gaura crispa

authorship: (Spach) D.Dietr.

Gaura drummondii

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Gaura hispida

authorship: Benth.

Gaura roemeriana

authorship: Scheele

Oenothera xenogaura

authorship: W.L.Wagner & Hoch

codes: MXC MXE MXN MXS TEX

Texas

code: TEX

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

authors: (Benth.) W.L.Wagner, Hoch & Zarucchi

published_in: PhytoKeys 50: 26

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-howardii

scientific: Oenothera howardii

authorship: (A.Nelson) M.E.Jones ex Prain

epithet: howardii

preferred: Howard's evening primrose

codes: COL KAN NEV UTA WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 544 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (A.Nelson) M.E.Jones ex Prain

published_in: Index Kew. Suppl. 3: 121

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEHO2


slug: oenothera-humifusa

scientific: Oenothera humifusa

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: humifusa

preferred: seabeach evening primrose

Oenothera humifusa f. erecta

authorship: H.Lév. ex Thell. & Zimm.

Oenothera niveifolia

authorship: Gand.

Oenothera sinuata var. humifusa

authorship: (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray

Raimannia humifusa

authorship: (Nutt.) Rose ex Britton & A.Br.

codes: ALA DEL FLA GEO LOU MRY MSI NWJ NCA PEN SCA VRG BER

Delaware

code: DEL

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Maryland

code: MRY

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Jersey

code: NWJ

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

North Carolina

code: NCA

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Virginia

code: VRG

Bermuda

code: BER

region: Caribbean

lifeform: annual or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 603 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
seabeach evening primrose
Dunes Evening-primrose

names:
Onagre
Onagre couchée

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus humilis
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus sylvestris
Bombus hortorum
Bombus jonellus


slug: oenothera-indecora

scientific: Oenothera indecora

authorship: Cambess.

epithet: indecora

preferred: evening primrose

english:
evening primrose
small evening primrose

Oenothera argentinae

authorship: H.Lév. & Thell.

Oenothera polymorpha var. indecora

authorship: (Cambess.) H.Lév.

Raimannia indecora

authorship: (Cambess.) Sprague & L.Riley

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL PAR URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil South

code: BZS

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 81 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
evening primrose
small evening primrose

names: Энотера некрасивая

names: aandblom nagblom

partners:
Agraulis vanillae
Apis mellifera
Astylus quadrilineatus
Augochlora iphigenia
Cantharidae
Manettia
Toxomerus
Xylocopa ciliata

label: Life form

value: therophyte

label: Height

category: Size

authors: Cambess.

published_in: Fl. Bras. Merid. 2: 268

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-jamesii

scientific: Oenothera jamesii

epithet: jamesii

preferred: giant evening primrose

english:
giant evening primrose
trumpet evening primrose

Oenothera communis var. jamesii

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) H.Lév.

Oenothera suzukiana

authorship: R.Jean & R.Linder

Onagra jamesii

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Small

codes: KAN MXE OKL TEX

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

label: Flower colour

category: Flowers and fruit

value: yellow

label: Flowering months

value: Feb-Apr

authors: Torr. & A.Gray

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(3): 493

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-kunthiana

scientific: Oenothera kunthiana

authorship: (Spach) Munz

epithet: kunthiana

preferred: Kunth's evening primrose

Hartmannia domingensis

authorship: Urb. & Ekman

Hartmannia kunthiana

authorship: Spach

Oenothera domingensis

authorship: (Urb. & Ekman) Munz

Oenothera fissifolia

authorship: Steud.

Oenothera humboldtii

authorship: Engelm.

Oenothera micrantha

authorship: Walp.

Oenothera pinnatifida

authorship: Kunth

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS TEX COS DOM GUA NIC

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Guatemala

code: GUA

Nicaragua

code: NIC

lifeform: subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 58 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Kunth's evening primrose
Kunth's evening-primrose

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-laciniata

scientific: Oenothera laciniata

authorship: Hill

epithet: laciniata

preferred: cutleaf evening primrose

english:
cutleaf evening primrose
Ragged evening primrose

source: inat

Oenothera laciniata var. typica

authorship: Munz

Oenothera minima

authorship: Pursh

Oenothera repanda

authorship: Medik.

Oenothera sinuata

authorship: L.

Oenothera viscosa

authorship: Raf.

Onagra sinuata

authorship: (L.) Moench

Raimannia laciniata

authorship: (Hill) Rose ex Britton & A.Br.

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA OHI OKL PEN RHO SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS WYO GUA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Jersey

code: NWJ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1947 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ослинник рассеченный

names:
Onagre laciniée
Onagre à feuilles découpées

names:
Ner-ha'layla ha'mefutzal
נר הלילה המפוצל

partners:
Diabrotica balteata
Toxomerus marginatus

partners:
Homalodisca vitripennis
Homalodisca ichthyocephala
Hyles lineata
Oncometopia orbona

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: oenothera-lavandulifolia

scientific: Oenothera lavandulifolia

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: lavandulifolia

name: Calylophus hartwegii subsp. lavanulifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Towner & P.H.Raven

Calylophus hartwegii var. lavanulifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Shinners

Calylophus lavandulifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) P.H.Raven

Galpinsia lavandulifolia

authorship: Small

Oenothera hartwegii var. lavandulifolia

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) S.Watson

codes: ARI COL KAN MXE NEB NWM OKL SDA TEX WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

New Mexico

code: NWM

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 839 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(3): 501


slug: oenothera-lindheimeri

scientific: Oenothera lindheimeri

authorship: (Engelm. & A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: lindheimeri

preferred: clockweed

english:
clockweed
Lindheimer's beeblossom

Gaura filiformis var. munzii

authorship: Cory

Gaura lindheimeri

authorship: Engelm. & Gray

codes: LOU TEX

Louisiana

code: LOU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2003 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Oenothera suffulta

slug: oenothera-suffulta

names:
Lindheimer's Beeblossom
Lindheimer's clockweed

names: Гаура Линдхеймера

names: ガウラ ハクチョウソウ

names: Lindheimer-Prachtkerze Prachtkerze

names:
/
Gaura blanc

names:
Gaura Çiçeği
Hint Kuştüyü (Gaura)

names:
Gaura Lindheimera
Gaura biała

names: Λευκή γκάουρα

partners:
Apis mellifera
Agapostemon splendens
Bombus impatiens
Danaus plexippus
Episyrphus balteatus
Eupeodes americanus
Flatormenis proxima
Halictus poeyi

partners:
Agapostemon splendens
Apis mellifera
Bombus impatiens
Chauliognathus marginatus
Halictus poeyi
Lasioglossum reticulatum
Leptotes pirithous
Polistes exclamans

partners:
Apis mellifera
Autographa californica
Eurema mandarina
Halictus parallelus
Hyles lineata
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Macrosiphum gaurae
Philaenus spumarius

authors: (Engelm. & A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

published_in: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 213


slug: oenothera-linifolia

scientific: Oenothera linifolia

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: linifolia

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 120 (1821)

preferred: Thread-leaved sundrops

english:
Thread-leaved sundrops
threadleaf evening primrose

Kneiffia linearifolia

authorship: Spach

Kneiffia linifolia

authorship: (Nutt.) Spach

Peniophyllum linifolium

authorship: (Nutt.) Pennell

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO ILL KAN KTY LOU MSI MSO NCA OKL SCA TEN TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Kentucky

code: KTY

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 422 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Nutt.

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia ii. (1821) 120

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-longissima

scientific: Oenothera longissima

authorship: Rydb.

epithet: longissima

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 65 (1913)

preferred: longstem evening primrose

Oenothera longissima subsp. clutei

authorship: (A.Nelson) Munz

Oenothera longissima subsp. typica

authorship: Munz

codes: ARI CAL COL NEV NWM UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

lifeform: biennial or perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 147 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
longstem evening primrose
long-stem evening-primrose

authors: Rydb.

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 65

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-macrocarpa

scientific: Oenothera macrocarpa

epithet: macrocarpa

published_in: Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana no. 56. 1813 [ante August 1813]

preferred: bigfruit evening primrose

english:
bigfruit evening primrose
Missouri primrose

Megapterium fremontii

authorship: (S.Watson) Britton

Megapterium macrocarpum

authorship: (Nutt.) R.R.Gates

Megapterium missouriense

authorship: (Sims) Spach

Megapterium oklahomense

authorship: Norton

Oenothera macrocarpa var. incana

authorship: (A.Gray) Reveal

Oenothera macrocarpa var. missouriensis

authorship: (Sims) Carrière

Oenothera macrocarpa var. oklahomensis

authorship: (Norton) Reveal

name: Oenothera missourensis var. oklahomensis

authorship: (Norton) Munz

Oenothera missouriensis

authorship: Sims

Oenothera oklahomensis

authorship: (Norton) Hitchc.

Oenothera wrightii

authorship: Torr.

codes: ARK ILL KAN MXE MSO NEB OKL TEN TEX

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2036 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 大果月见草 密苏里月见草

names: gota-de-sol prímula-da-tarde

partners:
Augochlorella aurata
Lasioglossum
Lepidoptera

partners:
Augochlorella aurata
Coleoptera
Coleoptera sp.
Lasioglossum
Lepidoptera
Zadontomerus

partners:
Acmaeodera quadrivittatoides
Agapostemon texanus
Agapostemon virescens
Hyles lineata
Polistes aurifer

value: May-Jun

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: oenothera-mckelveyae

scientific: Oenothera mckelveyae

authorship: (Munz) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: mckelveyae

preferred: Mckelvey's beeblossom

Gaura mckelveyae

authorship: (Munz) P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.

codes: MXE TEX

authors: (Munz) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OEMC

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-mollissima

scientific: Oenothera mollissima

authorship: L.

epithet: mollissima

preferred: Argentine evening primrose

Oenothera holosericea

authorship: Tausch

Oenothera mollissima var. genuina

authorship: Hassl.

Oenothera mollissima var. grandiflora

authorship: Micheli

Oenothera nocturna

authorship: Willd. ex Spreng.

Onagra mollissima

authorship: Moench

Raimannia mollissima

authorship: (L.) Sprague & L.Riley

codes: AGE BZS URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 203 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 1 m

authors: L.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-nana

scientific: Oenothera nana

authorship: Griseb.

epithet: nana

published_in: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 143 (1874)

codes: AGW BOL CLN PER

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Chile North

code: CLN

Peru

code: PER

climate: montane tropical

authors: Griseb.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-neomexicana

scientific: Oenothera neomexicana

authorship: (Small) Munz

epithet: neomexicana

preferred: New Mexico evening primrose

Anogra neomexicana

authorship: Small

codes: ARI NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

New Mexico

code: NWM

authors: (Small) Munz


slug: oenothera-nutans

scientific: Oenothera nutans

authorship: G.F.Atk. & Bartlett

epithet: nutans

preferred: nodding evening primrose

Oenothera austromontana

authorship: (Munz) P.H.Raven, W.Dietr. & Stubblef.

Oenothera biennis subsp. austromontana

authorship: Munz

Oenothera biennis var. austromontana

authorship: (Munz) Cronquist

Oenothera biennis var. nutans

authorship: (G.F.Atk. & Bartlett) Wiegand

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO INI KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MSO NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI ONT PEN RHO SCA TEN VER VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Rhode I.

code: RHO

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

names:
nodding evening primrose
Nodding Evening-Primose


slug: oenothera-nuttallii

scientific: Oenothera nuttallii

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: nuttallii

preferred: Nuttall's evening primrose

Anogra nuttalliana

authorship: Spach

Anogra nuttallii

authorship: (Sweet) A.Nelson

Oenothera albicaulis var. nuttallii

authorship: Engelm.

Taraxia longiflora

authorship: Nutt. ex Raim.

codes: ABT COL MAN MIC MIN MNT NEB NDA SAS SDA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

Colorado

code: COL

Manitoba

code: MAN

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Dakota

code: NDA

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 421 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1(3): 506

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OENU


slug: oenothera-oakesiana

scientific: Oenothera oakesiana

authorship: (A.Gray) J.W.Robbins ex S.Watson

epithet: oakesiana

published_in: Bibliogr. Index N. Amer. Bot. 383. 1878 [Mar 1878]

preferred: Oakes' evening primrose

Oenothera ammophila

authorship: Focke

Oenothera ammophila subsp. germanica

authorship: (Boedijn) Renner

Oenothera ammophila var. rhodoneura

authorship: Renner

Oenothera ammophiloides

authorship: R.R.Gates & Catches.

name: Oenothera ammophiloides var. angustifolia

Oenothera atrovirens var. ostreae

authorship: (A.H.Sturtev.) R.R.Gates

Oenothera biennis f. stenopetala

authorship: (E.P.Bicknell) B.Boivin

Oenothera canovirens var. cymatilis

authorship: (Bartlett) R.R.Gates

Oenothera cruciata var. stenopetala

authorship: (E.P.Bicknell) Fernald

Oenothera cymatilis

authorship: Bartlett

Oenothera disjuncta

authorship: Boedijn

Oenothera eriensis var. niagarensis

authorship: (R.R.Gates) R.R.Gates

Oenothera millersii

authorship: de Vries

Oenothera muricata subsp. ammophila

authorship: (Focke) Stomps

Oenothera muricata subsp. germanica

authorship: (Boedijn) Stomps

Oenothera oakesiana

authorship: (A.Gray) J.W.Robbins ex S.Watson & J.M.Coult.

Oenothera parviflora subsp. ammophila

authorship: (Focke) Janch.

Oenothera parviflora subsp. germanica

authorship: (Boedijn) Janch.

Oenothera parviflora var. oakesiana

authorship: (A.Gray) Fernald

Oenothera rubricuspis

authorship: Renner ex Rostański

Onagra oakesiana

authorship: (A.Gray) Britton

codes: CNT DEL WDC ILL INI KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN NBR NWH NWJ NWY NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO VER VRG WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 189 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Oakes' evening primrose
Oakes' evening-primrose

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-odorata

scientific: Oenothera odorata

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: odorata

Oenothera ibari

authorship: Phil.

Oenothera micans

authorship: Tausch

Oenothera mollissima

authorship: Hook. & Arn.

Oenothera mollissima subsp. odorata

authorship: (Jacq.) Thell.

Oenothera odorata var. glabrescens

authorship: Speg.

Oenothera odorata var. glaucescens

authorship: Ser.

Oenothera polymorpha var. ibari

authorship: (Phil.) H.Lév.

Oenothera polymorpha var. undulata

authorship: (W.T.Aiton) H.Lév.

Onagra undulata

authorship: (W.T.Aiton) Moench

Raimannia odorata

authorship: (Jacq.) Sprague & L.Riley

codes: AGE AGW AGS CLS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Argentina South

code: AGS

Chile South

code: CLS

names: أخدرية عطرية

names: Ослинник душистый

partners:
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Philaenus spumarius

value: Jun

authors: Jacq.

published_in: Collectanea [Jacquin] 5(Suppl.): 107


slug: oenothera-organensis

scientific: Oenothera organensis

authorship: Munz ex S.Emers.

epithet: organensis

preferred: Organ Mountain evening primrose

Oenothera macrosiphon

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

authorship: Lehm.

New Mexico

code: NWM

partners:
Agapostemon viridulus
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Bombus pensylvanicus
Centrinus scutellum-album
Ceratina dupla
Eristalis dimidiata
Eristalis stipator

authors: Munz ex S.Emers.


slug: oenothera-pallida

scientific: Oenothera pallida

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: pallida

preferred: pale evening primrose

Anogra cinerea

authorship: Rydb.

Anogra gypsophila

authorship: (Eastw.) A.Heller

Anogra latifolia

authorship: (Rydb.) Rydb.

Anogra pallida

authorship: (Lindl.) Britton

Anogra pallida var. brevifolia

authorship: (Engelm.) Small

Anogra pallida var. latifolia

authorship: (Rydb.) Small

Anogra pallida var. runcinata

authorship: Small

Anogra runcinata

authorship: (Engelm.) Wooton & Standl.

Anogra trichocalyx

authorship: (Nutt.) Small

Baumannia douglasiana

authorship: Spach

Oenothera albicaulis var. brevifolia

authorship: Engelm.

Oenothera albicaulis var. gypsophila

authorship: Eastw.

Oenothera albicaulis var. pallida

authorship: (Lindl.) H.Lév.

Oenothera albicaulis var. trichocalyx

authorship: (Nutt.) Engelm.

Oenothera latifolia

authorship: (Rydb.) Munz

Oenothera pallida subsp. gypsophila

authorship: (Eastw.) Munz & W.M.Klein

Oenothera pallida var. idahoensis

authorship: Munz

Oenothera pallida var. runcinata

authorship: (Engelm.) Cronquist

Oenothera pallida var. trichocalyx

authorship: (Nutt.) Dorn

Oenothera runcinata var. brevifolia

authorship: (Engelm.) Munz

Oenothera runcinata var. gypsophila

authorship: (Eastw.) Munz

Oenothera runcinata var. leucotricha

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Munz

Oenothera tetragona var. latifolia

authorship: (Rydb.) Fernald

Oenothera trichocalyx

authorship: Nutt.

Oenothera trichocalyx var. piperi

authorship: Jeps.

codes: ARI BRC COL IDA KAN MXE MXN NEB NEV NWM OKL ORE SDA TEX UTA WAS WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

Colorado

code: COL

Idaho

code: IDA

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Oregon

code: ORE

South Dakota

code: SDA

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

lifeform: geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1998 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
pale evening primrose
pale evening-primrose

names: Ослинник бледный

partners:
Eupeodes volucris
Lepidoptera
Megachile inermis
Peleteria

partners:
Eupeodes volucris
Lepidoptera
Megachile
Megachile brevis
Megachile inermis
Megachile umatillensis
Osmia
Osmia integra

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Enallagma carunculatum
Hyles lineata
Lasioglossum lusorium
Phidippus audax
Thaumatomyia glabra


slug: oenothera-parodiana

scientific: Oenothera parodiana

epithet: parodiana

published_in: Physis (Buenos Aires) 11: 283 (1933)

codes: AGE AGW BZS BZL PAR URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

authors: Munz

published_in: Physis (Buenos Aires) xi. 283 (1933); et in Am. Journ. Bot. 1935, xxii. 662, latine

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-parviflora

scientific: Oenothera parviflora

authorship: L.

epithet: parviflora

preferred: Evening primrose

english:
Evening primrose
northern evening primrose

name: Oenothera ammophiloides var. flecticaulis

authorship: (R.R.Gates) R.R.Gates

Oenothera angustifolia

authorship: Mill.

Oenothera atrovirens

authorship: Shull & Bartlett

Oenothera biennis subsp. muricata

authorship: Bonnier & Layens

Oenothera biennis var. cruciata

authorship: (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera biennis var. parviflora

authorship: (L.) Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera communis f. parviflora

authorship: (L.) H.Lév.

Oenothera communis var. cruciata

authorship: (Nutt.) H.Lév.

Oenothera cruciata

authorship: Nutt. ex G.Don

Oenothera cruciata var. sabulonensis

authorship: Fernald

Oenothera cruciata var. varia

authorship: de Vries

Oenothera issleri

authorship: Renner ex Rostański

Oenothera issleri var. silesiacoides

authorship: Rostański & V.Jehlík

Oenothera laevigata

authorship: Bartlett

Oenothera laevigata var. scitula

authorship: (Bartlett) R.R.Gates

Oenothera lipsiensis

authorship: Rostański & Gutte

Oenothera muricata subsp. atrovirens

authorship: (Shull & Bartlett) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Oenothera muricata subsp. parviflora

authorship: (L.) P.Fourn.

authorship: (L.) Tischler

Oenothera muricata var. issleri

authorship: Á.Löve & D.Löve

name: Oenothera novae-scotiae var. distantifolia

Oenothera pachycarpa

authorship: Renner ex Rudloff

name: Oenothera parviflora subsp. angustissima

authorship: (R.R.Gates) Munz

Oenothera parviflora var. angustissima

authorship: (R.R.Gates) Wiegand

Oenothera silesiaca

authorship: Renner

Onagra biennis var. cruciata

authorship: (Nutt.) Britton

Onagra chrysantha var. cruciata

authorship: (Nutt.) Spach

Onagra chrysantha var. parviflora

authorship: (L.) Spach

Onagra cruciata

authorship: (Nutt.) Small

Onagra parviflora

authorship: (L.) Moench

codes: CNT DEL WDC INI IOW KTY MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NBR NWH NWJ NWY NFL NCA NDA NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SAS TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Brunswick

code: NBR

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

Newfoundland

code: NFL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1324 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ослинник мелкоцветковый

names:
Gewoehnliche Kleinbluetige Nachtkerze
Kleinbluetige Nachtkerze

names:
Onagre a petites fleurs
Onagre de Nouvelle-Écosse

partners:
Bombus
Bombus impatiens
Chauliognathus pensylvanicus
Colias philodice
Danaus plexippus
Eristalis tenax
Ferdinandea buccata
Schinia florida

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Altica lythri
Altica oleracea
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphis grossulariae


slug: oenothera-perennis

scientific: Oenothera perennis

authorship: L.

epithet: perennis

preferred: Small sundrops

english:
Small sundrops
little evening primrose

Kneiffia gracilis

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Bartl.

Kneiffia michauxii

authorship: Spach

Kneiffia perennis

authorship: (L.) Pennell

Oenothera chrysantha

authorship: Michx.

Oenothera gracilis

authorship: Schrad. ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Oenothera perennis f. rectipilis

authorship: (S.F.Blake) B.Boivin

Oenothera perennis var. rectipilis

authorship: (S.F.Blake) S.F.Blake

Oenothera perennis var. typica

authorship: Munz

Oenothera pumila var. chrysantha

authorship: Gordinier & Howe

Oenothera pumila var. minima

authorship: Lehm. ex Hook.

Oenothera pumila var. pusilla

authorship: (Michx.) Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera riparia

authorship: Lehm.

codes: CNT DEL WDC ILL INI IOW KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO NEB NBR NWH NWY NCA NSC OHI ONT PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

Illinois

code: ILL

Manitoba

code: MAN

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Prince Edward I.

code: PEI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 970 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Энотера многолетняя

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Hyles lineata
Stylogaster neglecta
Toxomerus marginatus


slug: oenothera-pilosella

scientific: Oenothera pilosella

authorship: Raf.

epithet: pilosella

preferred: Prairie sundrops

english:
Prairie sundrops
meadow evening primrose

Kneiffia fruticosa var. pilosella

authorship: (Raf.) Britton

Kneiffia pratensis

authorship: Small

Kneiffia sumstinei

authorship: Jenn.

Oenothera fruticosa f. hirsuta

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) H.Lév.

Oenothera fruticosa var. hirsuta

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera fruticosa var. pilosella

authorship: (Raf.) Small & A.Heller

Oenothera pilosella f. laevigata

authorship: E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.

Oenothera pratensis

authorship: (Small) B.L.Rob.

codes: ALA ARK ILL INI IOW KTY LOU MIC MSI MSO NWY OHI OKL PEN TEN VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 567 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
meadow evening primrose
Prairie sundrops

names:
Ослинник волосистый
Ослинник ястребинковый

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Bombus impatiens
Ceratina calcarata
Halictus ligatus
Lasioglossum oenotherae
Osmia bucephala
Peponapis pruinosa
Plagiognathus obscurus

partners:
Ceratina calcarata
Harmonia axyridis
Polites coras


slug: oenothera-podocarpa

scientific: Oenothera podocarpa

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Krakos & W.L.Wagner

epithet: podocarpa

published_in: PhytoKeys 28: 68. 2013 [7 Nov 2013] [epublished]

Gaura brassicacea

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Gaura gracilis f. glandulosa

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Munz

Gaura hexandra subsp. gracilis

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.

Oenothera hexandra subsp. gracilis

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 134 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Wooton & Standl.) Krakos & W.L.Wagner

published_in: PhytoKeys 28: 68

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-primiveris

scientific: Oenothera primiveris

epithet: primiveris

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 58 (1853)

preferred: desert evening primrose

Lavauxia primiveris

authorship: (A.Gray) Small

Oenothera cespitosa var. primiveris

authorship: (A.Gray) H.Lév.

Oenothera johnsonii

authorship: Parry

Oenothera primiveris subsp. bufonis

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Munz

Oenothera primiveris subsp. caulescens

authorship: (Munz) Munz

Oenothera primiveris var. bufonis

authorship: (M.E.Jones) Cronquist

Oenothera primiveris var. caulescens

authorship: Munz

Pachylophis johnsonii

authorship: (Parry) Rydb.

codes: ARI CAL MXE MXN NEV NWM TEX UTA

California

code: CAL

Nevada

code: NEV

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1386 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
desert evening primrose
Large yellow desert primrose

partners:
Bombus sylvarum
Bombus terrestris

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 58


slug: oenothera-pubescens

scientific: Oenothera pubescens

authorship: Wild. ex Spreng.

epithet: pubescens

preferred: South American evening primrose

Oenothera amplexicaulis

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.

Oenothera laciniata subsp. pubescens

authorship: (Willd. ex Spreng.) Munz

authorship: (Willd.) Munz

Oenothera nyctaginiifolia

authorship: Small

Oenothera stuebelii

authorship: Hieron.

Raimannia colimae

authorship: Rose ex Sprague & L.Riley

Raimannia nyctaginiifolia

authorship: (Small) A.Heller

codes: ARI CAL MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS NWM TEX ECU GUA PAN PER

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Guatemala

code: GUA

Panamá

code: PAN

Peru

code: PER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 307 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
South American evening primrose
South American evening-primrose

names:
Platanillo
Warmi forastera

reason: Only 25 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-rhombipetala

scientific: Oenothera rhombipetala

authorship: Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

epithet: rhombipetala

preferred: Sand primrose

english:
Sand primrose
fourpoint evening primrose

name: Oenothera heterophylla var. rhombipetala

authorship: (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Fosberg

Raimannia rhombipetala

authorship: (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Rose ex Britton & A.Br.

codes: ARK COL ILL KAN MIC MIN MSO NEB NWM OKL SDA TEX WIS

Arkansas

code: ARK

Colorado

code: COL

Illinois

code: ILL

Kansas

code: KAN

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Dakota

code: SDA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 618 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
fourpoint evening primrose
Sand primrose

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Hyles lineata


slug: oenothera-rosea

scientific: Oenothera rosea

authorship: Aiton

epithet: rosea

preferred: rose evening primrose

Gaura epilobia

authorship: Moc. & Sessé ex Ser.

Godetia heucki

authorship: Phil.

Hartmannia affinis

authorship: Spach

Hartmannia rosea

authorship: (L'Hér. ex Aiton) G.Don

Hartmannia rosea var. parvifolia

authorship: (J.M.Coult.) Small

Hartmannia virgata

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Spach

Oenothera psychrophila

authorship: Ball

Oenothera purpurea

authorship: Lam.

Oenothera rosea var. lyrata

authorship: (H.Lév.) Pit.

Oenothera rubra

authorship: Cav.

Oenothera virgata

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

Xylopleurum roseum

authorship: Raimann.

codes: ARI CAL MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS NWM TEX AGE AGW BOL CLC CLS CLM COS CUB DSV ECU ELS GUA HON JAM JNF PER URU

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

New Mexico

code: NWM

Texas

code: TEX

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile South

code: CLS

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Desventurados Is.

code: DSV

El Salvador

code: ELS

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Juan Fernández Is.

code: JNF

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1980 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Энотера розовая

names: アカバナユウゲショウ ユウゲショウ

partners:
Allograpta piurana
Apis mellifera
Papilio machaon
Phulia mercedis mercedis
Pieris brassicae azorensis
Pieris rapae
Systasea pulverulenta
Vanessa cardui


slug: oenothera-serrulata

scientific: Oenothera serrulata

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: serrulata

Calylophus australis

authorship: Towner & P.H.Raven

Calylophus serrulata

authorship: (Nutt.) P.H.Raven

Calylophus serrulatus var. arizonicus

authorship: Shinners

Calylophus serrulatus var. spinulosus

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Shinners

Meriolix drummondiana

authorship: Small

Meriolix intermedia

authorship: Rydb.

Meriolix serrulata

authorship: (Nutt.) Raf.

Meriolix serrulata var. douglasii

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Walp.

Meriolix serrulata var. nuttallii

authorship: Walp.

Meriolix spinulosa

authorship: (Nutt.) A.Heller

Oenothera leucocarpa

authorship: Comien

Oenothera serrulata f. flava

authorship: Munz

Oenothera serrulata subsp. drummondii

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Munz

Oenothera serrulata var. douglasii

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera serrulata var. oblanceolata

authorship: (Rydb.) F.C.Gates

codes: ABT ARI ARK COL ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAN MXE MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NWM NDA OKL SAS SDA TEX WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Arizona

code: ARI

Arkansas

code: ARK

Colorado

code: COL

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Dakota

code: NDA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Saskatchewan

code: SAS

South Dakota

code: SDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1197 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
plains yellow primrose
serrate-leaved evening-primrose


slug: oenothera-sessilis

scientific: Oenothera sessilis

authorship: (Pennell) Munz

epithet: sessilis

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64(5): 291 1937

Kneiffia sessilis

authorship: Pennell

Oenothera pilosella subsp. sessilis

authorship: (Pennell) Straley

Oenothera pilosella var. sessilis

authorship: (Pennell) B.L.Turner

codes: ARK LOU TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

Louisiana

code: LOU

Texas

code: TEX

authors: (Pennell) Munz

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 291

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: oenothera-simulans

scientific: Oenothera simulans

authorship: (Small) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: simulans

preferred: southern beeblossom

Gaura angustifolia

authorship: Michx.

Gaura angustifolia var. eatonii

authorship: (Small) Munz

Gaura fruticosa

authorship: Jacq.

Gaura undulata

authorship: Desf.

codes: FLA GEO NCA SCA BAH

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

North Carolina

code: NCA

South Carolina

code: SCA

Bahamas

code: BAH

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2001 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Cecropterus confusis
Danaus gilippus
Misumenini

authors: (Small) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

published_in: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 213

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol OESI


slug: oenothera-spachiana

scientific: Oenothera spachiana

epithet: spachiana

preferred: Spach's evening primrose

Blennoderma drummondii

authorship: Spach

Kneiffia spachiana

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Small

Oenothera uncinata

authorship: Scheele

codes: ALA ARK LOU MSI OKL TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Mississippi

code: MSI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: oenothera-speciosa

scientific: Oenothera speciosa

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: speciosa

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia ii. (1821) 119.

preferred: Pinkladies

english:
Pinkladies
Showy evening primrose
pinkladies

Hartmannia berlandieri

authorship: (Spach) Rose

Hartmannia speciosa

authorship: Small

Oenothera berlandieri

authorship: (Spach) D.Dietr.

Oenothera delessertiana

authorship: Steud.

Oenothera shimekii

authorship: H.Lév. & Guffroy

Oenothera speciosa var. berlandieri

authorship: (Spach) Munz

Oenothera speciosa var. childsii

authorship: (L.H.Bailey) Munz

Xylopleurum speciosum

authorship: Raim.

codes: ARK INI IOW KAN LOU MXC MXE MXN MSO NEB NWM OKL TEX

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Missouri

code: MSO

New Mexico

code: NWM

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2040 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
pinkladies
Showy evening primrose

names: 美丽月见草 美麗月見草

names: Энотера красивая

names:
Rosa Nachtkerze
Rosa Teppich-Nachtkerze

names: / Onagre

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus hortorum
Eupeodes
Lasioglossum morio
Oedemera nobilis
Abaeis nicippe
Acmaeodera ornatoides
Acontia aprica

partners:
Acmaeodera ornatoides
Agapostemon virescens
Allograpta obliqua
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Atalopedes huron
Augochlora pura
Bombus

partners:
Acmaeodera ornatoides
Anatidae
Anthophora abrupta
Apis mellifera
Atalopedes huron
Battus philenor
Batyle ignicollis australis
Bombus californicus

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2(1): 119


slug: oenothera-stricta

scientific: Oenothera stricta

authorship: Ledeb.

epithet: stricta

published_in: Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. viii. 315 (1822)

preferred: Chilean evening primrose

Oenothera polymorpha var. stricta

authorship: (Ledeb. ex Link) H.Lév.

codes: AGS CLC CLN CLS DSV

Argentina South

code: AGS

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile North

code: CLN

Chile South

code: CLS

Desventurados Is.

code: DSV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1177 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Chilean evening primrose
Evening primrose

names: 待霄草 红花月见草

names:
Onagre dressée
Onagre raide

names:
melyn-yr-hwyr pêr
Briallu yr Hwyr Peraroglus

partners:
Exomala orientalis
Philaenus spumarius

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

authors: Ledeb.


slug: oenothera-suffrutescens

scientific: Oenothera suffrutescens

authorship: (Ser.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: suffrutescens

preferred: Scarlet Beeblossom

english:
Scarlet Beeblossom
scarlet beeblossom

Gaura bracteata

authorship: Ser.

Gaura coccinea var. arizonica

authorship: Munz

Gaura coccinea var. epilobioides

authorship: (Kunth) Munz

Gaura coccinea var. glabra

authorship: (Lehm.) Torr. & A.Gray ex Munz

Gaura coccinea var. integerrima

authorship: Torr.

Gaura coccinea var. parvifolia

authorship: (Torr.) F.C.Gates

authorship: Rickett

Gaura epilobioides

authorship: Kunth

Gaura glabra

authorship: Lehm.

Gaura induta

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Gaura multicaulis

authorship: Raf.

Gaura odorata

authorship: Lag.

Gaura spicata

authorship: Moc., Sessé, Sessé & Moc.

codes: ABT ARI BRC CAL COL IOW KAN LOU MAN MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS MIN MSO MNT NEB NEV NWM NDA OKL SAS SDA TEX UTA WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

Arizona

code: ARI

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

Louisiana

code: LOU

Manitoba

code: MAN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Minnesota

code: MIN

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

North Dakota

code: NDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2072 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Apamea inordinata
Apis mellifera
Bombus rufocinctus
Euxoa auxiliaris
Heliothis phloxiphaga
Ichneumonini
Leptotes marina
Melipotis indomita

partners:
Dactylotum bicolor variegatum
Eubaphe unicolor
Euxoa auxiliaris
Heliothis phloxiphaga
Melanoplus desultorius
Meleagris gallopavo
Oncerometopus atriscutis
Trimerotropis pallidipennis


slug: oenothera-suffulta

scientific: Oenothera suffulta

authorship: (Engelm.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

epithet: suffulta

preferred: roadside gaura

english:
roadside gaura
kisses

Gaura suffulta

authorship: Engelm.

codes: OKL TEX

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2054 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Oenothera lindheimeri

slug: oenothera-lindheimeri

species: Oenothera suffrutescens

names:
kisses
roadside gaura

partners:
Calycopis isobeon
Hyles lineata
Pyrausta inornatalis

authors: (Engelm.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch

published_in: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214


slug: oenothera-tetragona

scientific: Oenothera tetragona

authorship: Roth

epithet: tetragona

Kneiffia fraseri

authorship: Spach

Kneiffia glauca

authorship: (Michx.) Spach

Kneiffia latifolia

authorship: Rydb.

Kneiffia serotina

authorship: (Lehm.) Bartl.

Kneiffia tetragona

authorship: (Roth) Pennell

Kneiffia tetragona var. hybrida

authorship: Pennell

Oenothera ambigua

authorship: (Nutt.) Spreng.

Oenothera canadensis

authorship: Goldie

Oenothera fraseri

authorship: Pursh

Oenothera fruticosa f. incana

authorship: (Nutt.) Voss

Oenothera fruticosa subsp. glauca

authorship: (Michx.) Straley

Oenothera fruticosa subsp. tetragona

authorship: (Roth) W.L.Wagner

Oenothera fruticosa var. ambigua

authorship: Nutt.

Oenothera fruticosa var. differta

authorship: Millsp.

Oenothera fruticosa var. fraseri

authorship: (Pursh) Hook.

Oenothera fruticosa var. glauca

authorship: (Michx.) H.Lév.

Oenothera fruticosa var. incana

authorship: (Nutt.) Hook.

Oenothera glauca

authorship: Michx.

Oenothera glauca f. fraseri

authorship: (Pursh) Voss

Oenothera glauca var. fraseri

authorship: (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera tetragona f. hybrida

authorship: (Michx.) Munz

Oenothera tetragona var. fraseri

authorship: (Pursh) Munz

Oenothera tetragona var. hybrida

authorship: (Michx.) Fernald

codes: ALA CNT DEL WDC GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIC MSO NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC OHI ONT PEN QUE RHO SCA TEN VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Missouri

code: MSO

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 109 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Narrowleaf Evening Primrose
yellow sundrops

names:
Ослинник четырехгранный
Ослинник четырёхгранный

partners:
Agapostemon virescens
Xylocopa virginica


slug: oenothera-tetraptera

scientific: Oenothera tetraptera

authorship: Cav.

epithet: tetraptera

preferred: fourwing evening primrose

english:
fourwing evening primrose
white evening primrose

Hartmannia latiflora

authorship: Rose

Hartmannia macrantha

authorship: Spach

Hartmannia tetraptera

authorship: Small

Oenothera capensis

authorship: hort. ex Steud.

Oenothera latiflora

authorship: Ser.

Oenothera mutabilis

authorship: Steud.

name: Oenothera tetraptera var. chenopodifolia

Xylopleurum tetrapterum

authorship: Raim.

codes: MYA MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS TEX BOL CLM COS ECU GUA HON PER VEN

Myanmar

code: MYA

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indo-China

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Texas

code: TEX

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 842 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Hierba del golpe
Linda tarde blanca

names: 四翅月見草 四翅月见草

names: witaandblom witnagblom


slug: oenothera-toumeyi

scientific: Oenothera toumeyi

authorship: (Small) Tidestr.

epithet: toumeyi

published_in: Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 41 (1935)

preferred: Toumey's sundrops

Calylophus hartwegii subsp. toumeyi

authorship: (Small) Towner & P.H.Raven

Calylophus hartwegii var. toumeyi

authorship: (Small) Shinners

Calylophus toumeyi

authorship: (Small) Towner

Oenothera hartwegii var. toumeyi

authorship: (Small) Munz

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Tidestr.

published_in: Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 41

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol CATO12


slug: oenothera-triloba

scientific: Oenothera triloba

authorship: Nutt.

epithet: triloba

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 118 (1821)

preferred: Stemless Evening Primrose

english:
Stemless Evening Primrose
Evening primrose
sessile evening primrose
stemless evening primrose

Lavauxia triloba

authorship: (Nutt.) Bartl.

Lavauxia triloba var. watsonii

authorship: Britton

Oenothera rhizocarpa

authorship: Spreng.

Oenothera roemeriana

authorship: Scheele

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

codes: ALA ARK COL KAN MXE MXN MSO NWM OKL TEN TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

Missouri

code: MSO

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2004 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia ii. (1821) 118


slug: oenothera-tubicula

scientific: Oenothera tubicula

epithet: tubicula

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 71 (1852)

preferred: Texas sundrops

Calylophus tubicula

authorship: (A.Gray) P.H.Raven

Calylophus tubicula subsp. strigulosus

authorship: Towner

Galpinsia tubicula

authorship: (A.Gray) Small

Oenothera hartwegii var. tubicula

authorship: (A.Gray) H.Lév.

codes: MXE NWM TEX

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Texas

code: TEX

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 71

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol CATU6

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oenothera-villosa

scientific: Oenothera villosa

authorship: Thunb.

epithet: villosa

preferred: Evening primrose

english:
Evening primrose
Hairy Evening Primrose
Hairy Evening-Primrose
Hairy Evening-primrose
hairy evening primrose
hairy eveningprimrose

Oenothera baurii

authorship: Boedijn

Oenothera biennis subsp. baurii

authorship: (Boedijn) Tischler

Oenothera biennis var. canescens

authorship: Torr. & A.Gray

Oenothera biennis var. strigosa

authorship: (Rydb.) Cronquist

Oenothera canovertex

authorship: Hudziok

Oenothera cheradophila

authorship: Bartlett

Oenothera cockerellii

authorship: Bartlett ex de Vries

Oenothera communis var. erosa

authorship: (Lehm.) H.Lév.

Oenothera depressa

authorship: Greene

Oenothera depressa f. angustifolia

authorship: Rostański

Oenothera erosa

authorship: Lehm.

Oenothera hungarica

authorship: (Borbás) Borbás

Oenothera muricata f. hungarica

authorship: (Borbás) Jav.

Oenothera muricata var. canescens

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) B.L.Rob.

Oenothera parviflora var. canescens

authorship: (Torr. & A.Gray) Farw.

Oenothera procera

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

Oenothera renneri f. mollis

authorship: Renner ex Rostański

Oenothera rydbergii

authorship: House

Oenothera strigosa

authorship: (Rydb.) Mack. & Bush

Oenothera strigosa subsp. canovirens

authorship: (E.S.Steele) Munz

Oenothera strigosa subsp. cheradophila

authorship: (Bartlett) Munz

Oenothera strigosa subsp. hungarica

authorship: (Borbás) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Oenothera strigosa var. albinervis

authorship: (R.R.Gates) R.R.Gates

Oenothera strigosa var. cheradophila

authorship: (Bartlett) R.R.Gates

Oenothera strigosa var. cockerellii

authorship: (Bartlett ex de Vries) R.R.Gates

Oenothera strigosa var. depressa

authorship: (Greene) R.R.Gates

Oenothera strigosa var. procera

authorship: (Wooton & Standl.) R.R.Gates

Oenothera strigosa var. subulifera

authorship: (Rydb.) R.R.Gates

Oenothera subulifera

authorship: (Rydb.) Rydb.

Oenothera villosa subsp. cheradophila

authorship: (Bartlett) W.Dietr. & P.H.Raven

Oenothera villosa var. strigosa

authorship: (Rydb.) Dorn

Onagra biennis var. strigosa

authorship: Piper

Onagra cockerellii

authorship: (Bartlett ex de Vries) de Vries

Onagra depressa

authorship: (Greene) Small

Onagra erosa

authorship: (Lehm.) Spach

Onagra hungarica

authorship: Borbás

Onagra lehmanniana

authorship: Spach

Onagra strigosa

authorship: Rydb.

Usoricum strigosum

authorship: (Rydb.) Lunell

codes: ALA ABT ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NDA NWT NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE SAS SDA TEN TEX UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Connecticut

code: CNT

Georgia

code: GEO

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1312 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Ослинник мохнатый
Энотера мохнатая

names:
Behaarte Nachtkerze
Behaarte Nachtkerze (Artengruppe)

names:
Wiesiołek wierzbolistny
wiesiołek owłosiony

partners:
Altica lythri
Altica oleracea
Aphis grossulariae
Aphis sambuci
Bromius obscurus
Calamia tridens
Carduelis carduelis
Hyles gallii

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: oenothera-wigginsii

scientific: Oenothera wigginsii

epithet: wigginsii

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Aliso 5: 180

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: oenothera-xylocarpa

scientific: Oenothera xylocarpa

authorship: Coville

epithet: xylocarpa

preferred: woodyfruit evening primrose

Anogra xylocarpa

authorship: (Coville) Small

codes: CAL NEV

Nevada

code: NEV

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 149 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
woodyfruit evening primrose
Sierra evening primrose

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Coville

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 4: 105, pl. 8


slug: oenothera-fallax

scientific: Oenothera × fallax

authorship: Renner

epithet: fallax

published_in: Z. Indukt. Abstammungs- Vererbungsl. 18: 176 (1917)

Oenothera britannica

authorship: Rostański

Oenothera coloratissima

authorship: Hudziok

Oenothera oehlkersii

authorship: Kappus ex Rostański

Oenothera saxonica

authorship: Gutte & Rostański

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Renner

published_in: Z. Indukt. Abstammungs- Vererbungsl. 18(3-4): 176 (-184; figs. 20-23)

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oeonia-rosea

scientific: Oeonia rosea

authorship: Ridl.

genus: Oeonia

epithet: rosea

family: Orchidaceae

Oeonia forsythiana

authorship: Kraenzl.

codes: MDG REU

Madagascar

code: MDG

continent: AFRICA

region: Western Indian Ocean

Réunion

code: REU

lifeform: scrambling epiphyte

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 111 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Ridl.

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 496

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: ofaiston-monandrum

scientific: Ofaiston monandrum

authorship: (Pall.) Moq.

genus: Ofaiston

epithet: monandrum

family: Chenopodiaceae

Anabasis juncea

authorship: M.Bieb. ex Moq.

Halocnemum monandrum

authorship: (Pall.) Georgi

Halogeton monandrus

authorship: (Pall.) C.A.Mey.

Ofaiston paucifolium

authorship: Raf.

Salsola monandra

authorship: Pall.

codes: ALT KAZ NCS UZB WSB RUE RUS

Altay

code: ALT

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Siberia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

West Siberia

code: WSB

East European Russia

code: RUE

continent: EUROPE

region: Eastern Europe

South European Russia

code: RUS

names: Офайстон однотычинковый

names: Солониця однотичинкова

names: Біраталық желбіршөп

value: Jul-Sep

authors: Moq.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: oftia-africana

scientific: Oftia africana

authorship: (L.) Bocq. ex Baill.

genus: Oftia

epithet: africana

family: Scrophulariaceae

Oftia jasminum

authorship: Wettst.

Spielmannia africana

authorship: (L.) Forsyth f.

Spielmannia decurrens

authorship: Moench

Spielmannia jasminum

authorship: Medik.

Spielmannia jasminum var. nitida

authorship: Schauer

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1994 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Common Lazybush
Lazybush

names: Офтия африканская

names: koekblommetjiebos koekblommetjiesbos

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: (L.) Bocq. ex Baill.

published_in: Adansonia 2: 11

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: oftia-glabra

scientific: Oftia glabra

authorship: Compton

epithet: glabra

published_in: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 19: 309 (1931)

value: woody

authors: Compton

published_in: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 19: 309

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: ohwia-caudata

scientific: Ohwia caudata

authorship: (Thunb.) H.Ohashi

genus: Ohwia

epithet: caudata

family: Fabaceae

published_in: Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., Ser. 4, Biol. 40: 243 (1999)

Catenaria caudata

authorship: (Thunb.) Schindl.

Catenaria laburnifolia

authorship: (Poir.) Benth.

Desmodium cateniferum

authorship: Arn.

Desmodium caudatum

authorship: (Thunb.) DC.

Desmodium laburnifolium

authorship: (Poir.) DC.

Hedysarum caudatum

authorship: Murray

authorship: Thunb.

Hedysarum laburnifolium

authorship: Poir.

Meibomia caudata

authorship: (Thunb.) Kuntze

Meibomia laburnifolia

authorship: (Poir.) Kuntze

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR NNS TAI CHT ASS EHM IND JAW LSI MLY MYA NEP SRL SUM THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

region: Indian Subcontinent

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 120 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names: 小槐花 小槐花、山螞蝗

partners:
Neptis hylas
Hypolimnas bolina
Pithecops corvus

published_in: Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., Ser. 4, Biol. 40(3): 243


slug: okenia-hypogaea

scientific: Okenia hypogaea

authorship: Schltdl. & Cham.

genus: Okenia

epithet: hypogaea

family: Nyctaginaceae

preferred: burrowing four o'clock

codes: FLA MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS HON NIC

Florida

code: FLA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Honduras

code: HON

region: Central America

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 516 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
burrowing four o'clock
Burrowing four-o’clock

partners:
Eurema lisa
Phoebis agarithe

authors: Schltdl. & Cham.

published_in: Linnaea 5: 92

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: olax-benthamiana

scientific: Olax benthamiana

authorship: Miq.

genus: Olax

epithet: benthamiana

family: Olacaceae

Lopadocalyx uliginosus

authorship: Klotzsch

Western Australia

code: WAU

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 60 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Miq.

published_in: Pl. Preiss. [J.G.C.Lehmann] 1(2): 228


slug: olax-dissitiflora

scientific: Olax dissitiflora

authorship: Oliv.

epithet: dissitiflora

preferred: kamasa

english:
kamasa
small false-sourplum
small sourplum
small-fruited false-sourplum
small-fruited olax

Olax andronensis

authorship: Baker

Olax stuhlmannii

authorship: Engl.

codes: BOT CPV SWZ NAT MDG MLW MOZ NAM TVL TAN ZAM ZIM

Botswana

code: BOT

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Tanzania

code: TAN

region: East Tropical Africa

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names:
kamasa
small false-sourplum

names: bastersuurpruim kleinsuurpruim

names: chimanemurre kungunuta-mhunti

names: chimanemurre conzomontane

names: munie-dombo mutandavha

names: munie-dombo munėie-dombo

value: tree

value: liana

authors: Oliv.

published_in: Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 1: 350

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: olax-imbricata

scientific: Olax imbricata

authorship: Roxb.

epithet: imbricata

preferred: olax

Fissilia psittacorum

authorship: Blanco

Olax laxiflora

authorship: Ridl.

Olax loranthiformis

authorship: Griff.

Olax lucida

authorship: B.Heyne ex Wall.

Olax merguensis

authorship: Planch. ex Mast.

Olax multiflora

authorship: Rich. ex Baill.

Olax phoenicarpa

authorship: Roxb. ex Voigt

Olax seminifera

authorship: Valeton

Olax wightiana

authorship: Wall. ex Wight & Arn.

Pseudaleia longistylis

authorship: Hassk. ex Valeton

codes: CHH TAI AND BAN BOR CBD IND JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NWG NCB PHI SOL SRL SUL SUM THA VIE CRL

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Nicobar Is.

code: NCB

Philippines

code: PHI

Solomon Is.

code: SOL

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

Caroline Is.

code: CRL

continent: PACIFIC

region: Northwestern Pacific

lifeform: climbing shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: olax-obtusifolia

scientific: Olax obtusifolia

authorship: De Wild.

epithet: obtusifolia

published_in: Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 4, 1: 177 (1903)

codes: ZAI MLW MOZ TAN ZAM ZIM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: shrub or tree

partners:
Broadleysaurus major
Bycanistes brevis
Cercopithecus mitis
Civettictis civetta
Colius striatus
Colobus angolensis
Cricetomys gambianus
Eidolon helvum

authors: De Wild.

published_in: Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 4, [1(3)]: 177

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: olax-scandens

scientific: Olax scandens

epithet: scandens

published_in: Pl. Coromandel 2: 2 (1800)

Drebbelia subarborescens

authorship: Zoll.

Loranthus securidacoides

authorship: Warb.

Olax imbricata var. cambodiana

authorship: Pierre

Olax obtusa

authorship: Blume

Roxburghia baccata

authorship: J.Koenig ex Roxb.

codes: BAN CBD IND JAW LAO LSI MLY MYA SRL THA VIE

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Myanmar

code: MYA

lifeform: liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bois De Perroquet
Boisperroquet

authors: Roxb.

published_in: Pl. Coromandel 2(1): 2, t. 102

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: olax-stricta

scientific: Olax stricta

epithet: stricta

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 358 (1810)

Spermaxyrum strictum

authorship: DC.

codes: NSW QLD VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

Queensland

code: QLD

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 329 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 2 m

value: drupe

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 358


slug: oldeania-humbertii

scientific: Oldeania humbertii

authorship: (A.Camus) D.Z.Li, Y.X.Zhang & Haev.

genus: Oldeania

epithet: humbertii

family: Poaceae

Sinarundinaria humbertii

authorship: (A.Camus) C.S.Chao & Renvoize

Yushania ambositrensis

authorship: (A.Camus) Ohrnb.

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

lifeform: bamboo

authors: (A.Camus) D.Z.Li, Y.X.Zhang & Haev.


slug: oldeania-ibityensis

scientific: Oldeania ibityensis

epithet: ibityensis

value: herb

value: non-woody


slug: oldeania-itremoensis

scientific: Oldeania itremoensis

authorship: D.Z.Li, Y.X.Zhang & Haev.

epithet: itremoensis

authors: D.Z.Li, Y.X.Zhang & Haev.


slug: oldeania-marojejyensis

scientific: Oldeania marojejyensis

epithet: marojejyensis

value: shrub


slug: oldenburgia-grandis

scientific: Oldenburgia grandis

authorship: Baill.

genus: Oldenburgia

epithet: grandis

family: Asteraceae

Arnica grandis

authorship: Thunb.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 241 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Grand Cushionbush
Rabbits Ears

names: Ольденбургия большая

names: Lepelboom bastersuikerbos

value: 5 m

value: perennial

authors: (Thunb.) Baill.

published_in: Hist. Pl. (Baillon) 8: 97


slug: oldenburgia-intermedia

scientific: Oldenburgia intermedia

authorship: Bond

epithet: intermedia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: subshrub

authors: Bond

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oldenburgia-papionum

scientific: Oldenburgia papionum

epithet: papionum

authors: DC.

published_in: Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 7(1): 12


slug: oldenburgia-paradoxa

scientific: Oldenburgia paradoxa

authorship: Less.

epithet: paradoxa

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 302 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Less.


slug: oldenlandia-affinis

scientific: Oldenlandia affinis

authorship: (Roem. & Schult.) DC.

genus: Oldenlandia

epithet: affinis

family: Rubiaceae

Hedyotis affinis

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Hedyotis decumbens

authorship: Hochst.

Hedyotis dichotoma

authorship: J.Koenig ex Roth

Hedyotis fugax

authorship: Vatke

Hedyotis viarum

authorship: (Craib) Fukuoka

Kohautia decumbens

authorship: (Hochst.) Roberty

Kohautia longiflora

authorship: E.Mey. ex Sond. & Harv.

Oldenlandia decumbens

authorship: (Hochst.) Hiern

Oldenlandia linearifolia

authorship: Wight & Arn.

Oldenlandia prostrata

authorship: Pires de Lima

Oldenlandia viarum

authorship: Craib

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CAB CMN CAF COM CON ZAI SWZ GAB GHA IVO KEN NAT LBR MDG MLW MOZ NGA TVL SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM ASS IND MLY MYA THA VIE

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cabinda

code: CAB

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Comoros

code: COM

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Liberia

code: LBR

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Togo

code: TOG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 37 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: oldenlandia-balfourii

scientific: Oldenlandia balfourii

authorship: Bremek.

epithet: balfourii

published_in: Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2, 48(2): 192 (1952)

Socotra

code: SOC

value: chamaephyte

authors: Bremek.

published_in: Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2. 48(2): 192


slug: oldenlandia-boscii

scientific: Oldenlandia boscii

authorship: (DC.) Chapm.

epithet: boscii

preferred: Bosc's mille graines

Hedyotis boscii

authorship: DC.

codes: ALA ARK FLA GEO LOU MSI NCA OKL SCA TEN TEX VRG

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mississippi

code: MSI

North Carolina

code: NCA

Oklahoma

code: OKL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Chapm.

published_in: Fl. South. U.S. 181

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: oldenlandia-corymbosa

scientific: Oldenlandia corymbosa

authorship: L.

epithet: corymbosa

preferred: flat-top mille graines

Gerontogea biflora

authorship: Cham. & Schltdl.

Gerontogea corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Cham. & Schltdl.

Hedyotis alsinifolia

authorship: R.Br. ex Wall.

Hedyotis biflora

authorship: Hornem.

Hedyotis biflora var. corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Kurz

Hedyotis biflora var. graminicola

authorship: (Kurz) Kurz

Hedyotis corymbosa

authorship: (L.) Lam.

Hedyotis corymbosa var. ampla

authorship: Fosberg

Hedyotis corymbosa var. caespitosa

authorship: (Benth.) R.Dutta & Deb

Hedyotis corymbosa var. linearis

authorship: (DC.) Deb & Ratna Dutta

Hedyotis corymbosa var. nana

authorship: (Bremek.) H.B.Naithani

Hedyotis depressa

authorship: (Willd.) Roem. & Schult.

Hedyotis diantha

authorship: Schult. & Schult.f.

Hedyotis erecta

authorship: Manilal & Sivar.

Hedyotis graminicola

authorship: Kurz

Hedyotis pusilla

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Hedyotis ramosa

authorship: (Roxb.) Blume

Hedyotis scabrida

authorship: Steud.

Oldenlandia biflora

authorship: Lam.

Oldenlandia caespitosa

authorship: (Benth.) Hiern

name: Oldenlandia caespitosa var. subpedunculata

authorship: (Kuntze) Bremek.

name: Oldenlandia corymbosa var. subpedunculata

authorship: Kuntze

Oldenlandia depressa

authorship: Willd.

Oldenlandia erecta

authorship: (Manilal & Sivar.) R.R.Mill

Oldenlandia graminicola

authorship: (Kurz) Deb & M.Gangop.

Oldenlandia herbacea var. caespitosa

authorship: Benth.

Oldenlandia pseudocorymbosa

authorship: (Bakh.f.) Raizada

Oldenlandia ramosa

authorship: Roxb.

Oldenlandia tenuissima

authorship: Hiern

codes: ANG BEN BOT BKN BUR CMN CVI CAF CHA CON ZAI EGY ERI SWZ ETH GAB GAM GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN NAT LBR MDG MLW MLI MAU MOZ NGA TVL RWA REU SEN SIE SOC SOM SUD TAN TOG UGA ZAM ZIM CHC CHS CHH KOR LBS OGA OMA SAU TAI AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LDV MLY MDV MYA NEP NWG NCB PHI SCS SRL SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Verde

code: CVI

region: Macaronesia

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Egypt

code: EGY

region: Northern Africa

Eritrea

code: ERI

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Gabon

code: GAB

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2063 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.