slug: scrophularia-canina

scientific: Scrophularia canina

authorship: L.

epithet: canina

preferred: dog figwort

Scrophularia atropurpurea

authorship: Moretti

Scrophularia bicolor

authorship: Sm.

Scrophularia canina subsp. juratensis

authorship: (Schleich. ex Wydler) Bonnier & Layens

Scrophularia canina var. baetica

authorship: Boiss.

Scrophularia canina var. bicolor

authorship: (Sm.) Vis.

Scrophularia canina var. catalonica

authorship: O.Bolòs & Vigo

Scrophularia canina var. crithmifolia

authorship: (Boiss.) Pau

Scrophularia canina var. deschatresii

authorship: Gamisans

Scrophularia canina var. humifusa

authorship: (Timb.-Lagr. ex Nyman) Rouy

Scrophularia canina var. montana

authorship: Gaudin

Scrophularia canina var. pallida

authorship: Hausskn.

Scrophularia canina var. pinnatifida

authorship: (Brot.) Ball

Scrophularia canina var. pyrenaica

authorship: Pau

Scrophularia canina var. ramosissima

authorship: (Loisel.) Bég.

Scrophularia canina var. tenuisecta

authorship: Jord. ex Nyman

Scrophularia crithmifolia subsp. alpina

authorship: (Boiss.) Malag.

name: Scrophularia crithmifolia subsp. burundana

Scrophularia hoppei var. floribunda

authorship: Vayr.

Scrophularia humifusa

authorship: Timb.-Lagr. & Gaut.

authorship: Timb.-Lagr. ex Nyman

Scrophularia juratensis

authorship: Schleich. ex Wydler

Scrophularia multifida

authorship: Lam.

Scrophularia pinnatifida

authorship: Brot.

Scrophularia pubescens

authorship: Sweet

Scrophularia pyramidalis

authorship: Wydler

Scrophularia ramosissima

authorship: Loisel.

name: Scrophularia ramosissima subsp. minoricensis

authorship: (P.Monts.) Romo

Scrophularia ruta-canina

authorship: Bubani

Tomiephyllum caninum

authorship: (L.) Fourr.

Tomiephyllum tenuisectum

authorship: Fourr.

codes: ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN EAI LBS TUR ALB AUT BAL BUL COR FRA GER GRC ITA KRI KRY YUG POR SAR SIC SPA SWI TUE

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Egypt

code: EGY

Libya

code: LBY

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Bulgaria

code: BUL

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 749 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Scrofulaire des chiens
Scrophulaire des chiens

partners:
Ancistrocerus
Andrena florivaga
Dasyphora albofasciata
Harmonia axyridis
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum nitidulum
Lucilia sericata
Pieris brassicae

partners:
Pleurota ericella
Vespula germanica
Ancistrocerus
Andrena florivaga
Dasyphora albofasciata
Harmonia axyridis
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum nitidulum

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Ammoconia caecimacula
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Anania verbascalis
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser


slug: scrophularia-chrysantha

scientific: Scrophularia chrysantha

authorship: Jaub. & Spach

genus: Scrophularia

epithet: chrysantha

family: Scrophulariaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

Scrophularia calycina

authorship: Boiss.

Scrophularia congesta

authorship: Steven

Scrophularia lunariifolia

authorship: Boiss. & Balansa

Scrophularia minima

authorship: Benth.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: TCS TUR

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

region: Western Asia

lifeform: biennial or perennial

climate: temperate

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 82 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

names: Норичник золотистоцветковый

names: guldflenört kultasyyläjuuri

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Andrena florivaga
Harmonia axyridis
Pieris brassicae
Vespula germanica
Vespula vulgaris

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Amauromyza verbasci
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Anania verbascalis
Aphis verbasci
Apteropeda orbiculata
Charissa variegata
Cionus alauda
Cionus hortulanus

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Height

category: Size

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: biennial

label: Flowering months

category: Flowers and fruit

value: Apr-Jul

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: Jaub. & Spach

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

field: phenology

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: scrophularia-cretacea

scientific: Scrophularia cretacea

authorship: Fisch. ex Spreng.

epithet: cretacea

codes: RUS UKR

South European Russia

code: RUS

continent: EUROPE

region: Eastern Europe

Ukraine

code: UKR

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 294 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Норичник меловой

names: Ранник крейдовий

value: perennial

value: Jun-Jul

label: Fruit type

value: capsule

source: Wikidata

authors: Fisch.

published_in: Cat. Jard. Pl. Gorenki ed. 2, 24, nomen; et ex Spreng. Syst. 2: 788

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-desertorum

scientific: Scrophularia desertorum

authorship: (Munz) R.J.Shaw

epithet: desertorum

preferred: desert figwort

source: wikidata

name: Scrophularia californica var. desertorum

authorship: Munz

codes: CAL NEV

California

code: CAL

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Nevada

code: NEV

climate: desert or dry shrubland

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 207 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Норичник пустыни

names: לוענית המדבר

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: (Munz) R.J.Shaw

published_in: Aliso 5: 174

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-duplicatoserrata

scientific: Scrophularia duplicatoserrata

authorship: Makino

epithet: duplicatoserrata

name: Scrophularia duplicatoserrata f. nudipes

authorship: Sugim.

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: scrophularia-edgeworthii

scientific: Scrophularia edgeworthii

epithet: edgeworthii

codes: NEP WHM

Nepal

code: NEP

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

West Himalaya

code: WHM

climate: subalpine or subarctic

authors: Benth.


slug: scrophularia-frutescens

scientific: Scrophularia frutescens

authorship: L.

epithet: frutescens

Scrophularia canina subsp. frutescens

authorship: (L.) O.Bolòs & Vigo

Scrophularia canina var. frutescens

authorship: (L.) Boiss.

Scrophularia canina var. latifolia

authorship: (Benth.) Rouy

Scrophularia canina var. pyrenaea

authorship: O.Bolòs & Vigo

Scrophularia gussonei

authorship: Nyman

Scrophularia pinnatifida

authorship: Guss.

codes: ALG MOR POR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

Morocco

code: MOR

Portugal

code: POR

region: Southwestern Europe

Sicilia

code: SIC

region: Southeastern Europe

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: subshrub

climate: subtropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 258 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: L.


slug: scrophularia-glabrata

scientific: Scrophularia glabrata

authorship: Aiton

epithet: glabrata

Scrophularia berthelotii

authorship: Bolle

Scrophularia elongata

authorship: Webb ex Benth.

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 191 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Anthophora alluaudi
Anthrax anthrax
Euodynerus reflexus
Lasioglossum arctifrons
Lasioglossum viride
Scaeva albomaculata
Tachysphex unicolor

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

value: shrub

value: 1 m

label: Flower colour

value: brown

value: Jan-Dec

authors: Aiton

published_in: Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 2: 341


slug: scrophularia-grandiflora

scientific: Scrophularia grandiflora

authorship: DC.

epithet: grandiflora

published_in: Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 143 (1813)

Scrophularia reuteri

authorship: Daveau

Scrophularia sambucifolia var. hirsuta

authorship: Wydler

codes: POR SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 226 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Polistes dominula
Sylvia atricapilla
Sylvia melanocephala

authors: DC.

published_in: Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 143


slug: scrophularia-heterophylla

scientific: Scrophularia heterophylla

authorship: Willd.

epithet: heterophylla

Scrophularia caesia

authorship: Sm.

Scrophularia heterophylla var. taygetea

authorship: (Boiss.) Raus

Scrophularia jankae

authorship: Borbás ex Nyman

Scrophularia laciniata

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

Scrophularia laciniata var. olympica

authorship: Stoj. & Jordanov

Scrophularia lepetymnica

authorship: Candargy

Scrophularia micrantha

authorship: d'Urv.

name: Scrophularia olympica var. bordzilowskii

authorship: Shelud.

Scrophularia olympica var. integrifolia

authorship: Bordz.

Scrophularia pulverulenta

authorship: Janka

Scrophularia sibthorpiana

authorship: Spreng.

Scrophularia taygetea

authorship: Boiss.

Scrophularia tenuis

authorship: Hausskn.

Scrophularia variegata

authorship: Rchb. ex Nyman

Scrophularia verbenifolia

authorship: Desf.

codes: EAI ALB BUL GRC KRI YUG ROM

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Greece

code: GRC

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Willd.


slug: scrophularia-hirta

scientific: Scrophularia hirta

authorship: Lowe

epithet: hirta

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4: 21 (1831)

Scrophularia confusa

authorship: Menezes

Scrophularia longifolia

authorship: Benth.

Madeira

code: MDR

authors: Lowe

published_in: Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4(1): 21

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-incisa

scientific: Scrophularia incisa

authorship: Weinm.

epithet: incisa

published_in: Index Seminum (TU, Dorpatensis) 1810: 136 (1810)

Scrophularia adscendens

authorship: Willd.

Scrophularia canescens var. glabrata

authorship: Franch.

Scrophularia cretacea var. glabrata

authorship: (Franch.) Stiefelh.

Scrophularia gmelinii

authorship: Turcz. ex Benth.

Scrophularia patriniana

authorship: Wydler

codes: ALT BRY CHN CTA CHI IRK KAZ KGZ KRA MON CHQ TZK TVA UZB CHX

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Tuva

code: TVA

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 250 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 砥玄参 砾玄参

names: Норичник вырезной

names: Ухмал иршимбэ

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

value: May-Jul

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-laevigata

scientific: Scrophularia laevigata

authorship: Vahl

epithet: laevigata

Scrophularia foliosa

authorship: Pomel

Scrophularia hispida var. subcrispa

authorship: (Pomel) Batt.

Scrophularia laevigata subsp. hispida

authorship: (Desf.) Maire

Scrophularia laevigata subsp. pellucida

authorship: (Pomel) Murb.

name: Scrophularia laevigata subsp. simplicifolia

authorship: (Batt.) Maire

Scrophularia laevigata var. decomposita

authorship: Maire

Scrophularia laevigata var. dissecta

authorship: Faure & Maire

Scrophularia laevigata var. laciniata

authorship: Batt.

name: Scrophularia laevigata var. simplicifolia

codes: ALG MOR TUN SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

Spain

code: SPA

authors: Vahl

published_in: Symb. Bot. 2: 67

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-laevis

scientific: Scrophularia laevis

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

epithet: laevis

preferred: Organ Mountain figwort

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

partners:
Agapostemon viridulus
Ammophila kennedyi
Ancistrocerus campestris
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Augochloropsis metallica
Bombus impatiens
Bombus vagans

authors: Wooton & Standl.

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 173


slug: scrophularia-lanceolata

scientific: Scrophularia lanceolata

authorship: Pursh

epithet: lanceolata

preferred: American figwort

english:
American figwort
Western figwort
lance-leaved figwort
lanceleaf figwort

Scrophularia dakotana

authorship: Lunell

Scrophularia dimidiata

authorship: Raf.

Scrophularia lanceolata f. velutina

authorship: Pennell

name: Scrophularia lanceolata var. occidentalis

Scrophularia nodosa var. lanceolata

authorship: (Pursh) M.E.Jones

Scrophularia nodosa var. occidentalis

authorship: Rydb.

Scrophularia occidentalis

authorship: (Rydb.) E.P.Bicknell

Scrophularia utahensis

authorship: Gand.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ABT BRC CAL COL CNT DEL IDA ILL INI IOW KAN MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NDA NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SAS SDA TEN UTA VER VRG WAS WVA WIS WYO

Alberta

code: ABT

region: Western Canada

British Columbia

code: BRC

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

Nebraska

code: NEB

Nevada

code: NEV

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Dakota

code: NDA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1350 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

partners:
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Andrena milwaukeensis
Anthophora urbana
Archilochus colubris
Augochlorella aurata
Bombus

partners:
Andrena milwaukeensis
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus flavidus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Copestylum vittatum
Dolichovespula maculata
Eumenes crucifera

partners:
Dolichovespula maculata
Anthophora urbana
Augochlorella aurata
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus vagans
Camponotus pennsylvanicus


slug: scrophularia-lucida

scientific: Scrophularia lucida

authorship: L.

epithet: lucida

Scrophularia canina subsp. lucida

authorship: (L.) Bonnier & Layens

Scrophularia filicifolia

authorship: Mill.

authorship: Sm.

Scrophularia filicifolia var. minor

authorship: Boiss.

Scrophularia lucida subsp. boissieri

authorship: Benth.

Scrophularia lucida subsp. provincialis

authorship: (Rouy) P.Fourn.

Scrophularia lucida var. filicifolia

authorship: (Mill.) Boiss.

Scrophularia methanaea

authorship: Hausskn.

Scrophularia olympica var. rutifolia

authorship: (Boiss.) Kusn.

Scrophularia provincialis

authorship: Rouy

Scrophularia sphaerocarpa

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

codes: CYP EAI LBS NCS TUR FRA GRC ITA KRI

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Türkiye

code: TUR

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 127 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Scrofulaire luisante, Scrofulaire luisante de Provence


slug: scrophularia-macrantha

scientific: Scrophularia macrantha

authorship: Greene ex Stiefelh.

epithet: macrantha

preferred: New Mexico figwort

New Mexico

code: NWM

partners:
Papilio multicaudata
Trochilidae

authors: Greene ex Stiefelh.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-marilandica

scientific: Scrophularia marilandica

epithet: marilandica

preferred: carpenter's square

Scrophularia adenopa

authorship: Raf.

Scrophularia marilandica var. viridis

authorship: Farw.

Scrophularia nodosa var. americana

authorship: Michx.

Scrophularia nodosa var. marilandica

authorship: (L.) A.Gray

codes: ALA ARK CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAI MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NWH NWJ NWY NCA OHI OKL ONT PEN RHO SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

Connecticut

code: CNT

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1593 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Abundance
Agrothereutes limatus
Andrena pruni
Ashmeadiella bucconis
Augochlora pura
Augochlorella aurata
Augochlorella persimilis
Calliopsis andreniformis

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Eumenes fraternus
Lasioglossum imitatum
Ammophila kennedyi
Archilochus colubris
Augochlora pura
Augochlorella aurata
Cionus scrophulariae

partners:
Cosmopepla lintneriana
Dolichovespula maculata
Enchenopa binotata
Strymon melinus
Theridion albidum
Toxomerus marginatus

partners:
Bombus impatiens
Dialictus
Dolichovespula maculata
Eumenes fraternus
Euphydryas phaeton
Lasioglossum imitatum
Microdon fuscipennis
Pyrobombus


slug: scrophularia-montana

scientific: Scrophularia montana

authorship: Wooton

epithet: montana

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 308 (1898)

preferred: mountain figwort

New Mexico

code: NWM

names:
mountain figwort
Montana figwort

authors: Wooton

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25(6): 308


slug: scrophularia-nodosa

scientific: Scrophularia nodosa

authorship: L.

epithet: nodosa

preferred: common figwort

english:
common figwort
figwort
knotted figwort
woodland figwort

Scrophularia cechica

authorship: Opiz

Scrophularia foetida

authorship: Wydler

authorship: Garsault

Scrophularia halleri

authorship: Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.

Scrophularia major

authorship: Bubani

name: Scrophularia nodosa subsp. chamaeneriifolia

authorship: Schustler

Scrophularia nodosa subsp. foliosa

authorship: Sennen

Scrophularia nodosa unranked variegata

authorship: G.Cooper ex J.Dix

Scrophularia nodosa var. montana

authorship: Stiefelh.

Scrophularia nodosa var. nitida

authorship: Regel

Scrophularia nodosa var. purpurascens

authorship: Salter ex J.J.Blandy

Scrophularia nodosa var. viridiflora

authorship: Wimm. & Grab.

Scrophularia sckellii

authorship: Spreng.

Scrophularia serrulata

authorship: Small

Scrophularia ternata

authorship: Schur

Scrophularia wirtgenii

authorship: W.D.J.Koch ex Opiz

codes: ALT BRY KAZ KRA MON NCS TCS WSB ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL ROM RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

West Siberia

code: WSB

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

Greece

code: GRC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1994 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Норичник узловатый
Норичник шишковатый

names:
scrofulaire noueuse
Scrophulaire noueuse

names: Ранник вузлуватий

partners:
Bombus hortorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pratorum
Lasioglossum morio
Andrena florivaga
Apis
Bombus
Bombus hypnorum

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus hypnorum
Bombus pratorum
Bombus muscorum
Allantus
Bombus hortorum
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus sylvestris

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Cionus tuberculosus
Dolycoris baccarum
Palomena prasina
Shargacucullia scrophulariae
Strophosoma melanogrammum
Vespula vulgaris

partners:
Cionus scrophulariae
Cionus tuberculosus
Amauromyza verbasci
Cheilosia velutina
Cionus alauda
Cionus hortulanus
Cleopus pulchellus
Shargacucullia scrophulariae

partners:
Uromyces scrophulariae
Peronospora sordida


slug: scrophularia-oblongifolia

scientific: Scrophularia oblongifolia

authorship: Loisel.

epithet: oblongifolia

published_in: Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 418 (1827)

preferred: water figwort

source: usda

Scrophularia alata

authorship: Gilib.

Scrophularia alata prol. cinerea

authorship: (Dumort.) Rouy

Scrophularia alata subsp. ehrahrtii

authorship: (Steven) Čelak.

Scrophularia alata subsp. neesii

authorship: (Wirtg.) Čelak.

Scrophularia alata subsp. umbrosa

authorship: (Dumort.) Domin

Scrophularia alata var. cinerea

authorship: (Dumort.) P.Fourn.

Scrophularia alata var. crenata

authorship: (Neilr.) Hayek

Scrophularia alata var. neesii

authorship: (Wirtg.) Asch.

Scrophularia anthemifolia

authorship: Parrot

Scrophularia aquatica

authorship: L.

Scrophularia aquatica subsp. cinerea

authorship: (Dumort.) Nyman

Scrophularia aquatica subsp. ehrhartii

authorship: (Steven) Bonnier & Layens

name: Scrophularia aquatica subsp. oblongifolia

authorship: (Loisel.) P.Fourn.

Scrophularia aquatica var. chlorantha

authorship: Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.

Scrophularia aquatica var. crenata

authorship: Neilr.

Scrophularia aquatica var. umbrosa

authorship: (Dumort.) St.-Lag.

Scrophularia balbisii subsp. cinerea

authorship: (Dumort.) Corb.

Scrophularia cinerea

authorship: Dumort.

Scrophularia ehrhartii

authorship: Steven

Scrophularia ehrhartii var. samaritanii

authorship: Boiss. & Heldr.

Scrophularia epicalycina

authorship: Heywood

Scrophularia neesii

authorship: Wirtg.

Scrophularia oblongifolia subsp. neesii

authorship: (Wirtg.) B.Bock

name: Scrophularia oblongifolia subsp. umbrosa

authorship: (Dumort.) Gamisans

Scrophularia samaritanii

authorship: (Boiss. & Heldr.) Halácsy

Scrophularia umbrosa subsp. neesii

authorship: (Wirtg.) E.Mayer

codes: ALT KAZ KGZ KRA LBS MON NCS TZK TUR UZB WSB CHX ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA KRY YUG NET POL ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWI TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Mongolia

code: MON

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

Albania

region: Southeastern Europe

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1011 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Aucubin

activities:
Antibacterial
Antidote (Amanitin)
Antiedemic
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic
Antioxidant
Antiprolactin
Antistaphylococcic

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Scrofulaire à feuilles oblongues, Scrofulaire des ombrages, Scrofulaire ailée


slug: scrophularia-parviflora

scientific: Scrophularia parviflora

authorship: Wooton & Standl.

epithet: parviflora

preferred: Pineland Figwort

english:
Pineland Figwort
pineland figwort

Scrophularia davidsonii

authorship: Pennell

Scrophularia glabrata

authorship: Davidson

codes: ARI NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 215 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 20 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-peregrina

scientific: Scrophularia peregrina

authorship: L.

epithet: peregrina

preferred: Mediterranean figwort

Scrophularia geminiflora

authorship: Lam.

Scrophularia lesbiaca

authorship: Candargy

Scrophularia minor

authorship: Savi

Scrophularia paniculata

authorship: Seenus

Scrophularia peregrina f. macrophylla

authorship: Marcet

Scrophularia sexangularis

authorship: Moench

codes: LBY TUN CYP EAI LBS TUR ALB BAL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI YUG POR SAR SIC SPA

Libya

code: LBY

region: Northern Africa

Tunisia

code: TUN

Cyprus

code: CYP

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Albania

code: ALB

Baleares

code: BAL

region: Southwestern Europe

Corse

code: COR

France

code: FRA

Italy

code: ITA

Kriti

code: KRI

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Portugal

code: POR

Sardegna

code: SAR

Sicilia

code: SIC

Spain

code: SPA

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 783 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mediterranean figwort
Nettle-leaved Figwort

names: Норичник иноземный

names:
Scrofulaire voyageuse
Scrophulaire voyageuse

names: Escrofulària Estramoni

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

type: hasHost

label: Hosts

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil


slug: scrophularia-rubricaulis

scientific: Scrophularia rubricaulis

authorship: Boiss.

epithet: rubricaulis

Scrophularia michoniana

authorship: Coss. & Kralik

codes: LBS PAL

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 153 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Норичник красностебельный

names: לוענית גדולה

authors: Boiss.

published_in: Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 12: 34


slug: scrophularia-rupestris

scientific: Scrophularia rupestris

authorship: M.Bieb. ex Willd.

epithet: rupestris

Scrophularia donetzica

authorship: Kotov

Scrophularia goldeana

authorship: Juz.

Scrophularia lasiocaulis

authorship: Schur

Scrophularia nitida

authorship: Richt. ex Stapf

Scrophularia orientalis

authorship: Hablitz

Scrophularia sareptana

authorship: Kleop. ex Ivanina

Scrophularia saxatilis

authorship: Boeber ex Ledeb.

Scrophularia variegata subsp. rupestris

authorship: (M.Bieb. ex Willd.) Grau

Scrophularia variegata var. rupestris

authorship: (M.Bieb. ex Willd.) Boiss.

codes: IRN NCS TCS KRY RUS UKR

Iran

code: IRN

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Krym

code: KRY

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 184 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Норичник скальный

value: Jul-Aug

authors: M.Bieb. ex Willd.


slug: scrophularia-sambucifolia

scientific: Scrophularia sambucifolia

authorship: L.

epithet: sambucifolia

Scrophularia decora

authorship: Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.

Scrophularia mellifera

authorship: L'Hér. ex Aiton

Scrophularia mellifera var. vidalii

authorship: Pau

Scrophularia nectarifera

authorship: Desf.

name: Scrophularia sambucifolia subvar. rubriflora

authorship: Maire

name: Scrophularia sambucifolia subvar. viridiflora

authorship: (Poir.) Maire

Scrophularia sambucifolia var. glabra

authorship: Rouy

name: Scrophularia sambucifolia var. mellifera

authorship: (L'Hér. ex Sol.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Scrophularia viridiflora

authorship: Poir.

codes: ALG MOR TUN POR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

Morocco

code: MOR

Tunisia

code: TUN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 173 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Норичник бузинолистный

partners:
Bombus sp.
Phylloscopus collybita
Sylvia atricapilla
Sylvia melanocephala

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by


slug: scrophularia-scopolii

scientific: Scrophularia scopolii

authorship: Hoppe ex Pers.

epithet: scopolii

Scrophularia antiochia

authorship: Post

Scrophularia auriculata

authorship: Scop.

Scrophularia balcanica

authorship: Velen.

Scrophularia burdurensis

authorship: Peşmen

Scrophularia castagneana

authorship: Wydler

Scrophularia fontana

authorship: Kotschy ex Boiss.

Scrophularia glabrata

authorship: Spreng.

Scrophularia glandulosa

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

Scrophularia grandidentata

authorship: Ten.

Scrophularia guestii

authorship: Eig

Scrophularia hirsuta

authorship: Hornem.

Scrophularia melissifolia

authorship: d'Urv.

Scrophularia merxmuelleri

authorship: Grau & W.Lippert

Scrophularia nepetifolia

authorship: Sm.

Scrophularia oligantha

authorship: Boiss. & Heldr.

Scrophularia pantocsekii

authorship: Griseb. ex Pant.

Scrophularia puberula

authorship: Boiss. & Hausskn.

Scrophularia rugosa

authorship: Willd.

Scrophularia scopolii subsp. adenocalyx

authorship: (Sommier & Levier) Grau

name: Scrophularia scopolii var. grandicrenata

authorship: Sommier & Levier

name: Scrophularia scopolii var. grandidentata

authorship: (Ten.) Boiss.

Scrophularia scopolii var. oligantha

authorship: (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.

Scrophularia scopolii var. tmolea

authorship: (Boiss.) Boiss.

Scrophularia smyrnaea

authorship: Boiss.

Scrophularia taurica

authorship: Schur

codes: EAI IRN IRQ LBS NCS PAL TCS TUR ALB AUT BUL CZE RUE GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG POL ROM SIC TUE UKR

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iraq

code: IRQ

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

East European Russia

code: RUE

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 123 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-scorodonia

scientific: Scrophularia scorodonia

authorship: L.

epithet: scorodonia

Scrophularia cantabrica

authorship: Sennen & Elías

Scrophularia cordata

authorship: Mill.

Scrophularia crenata

authorship: Raf.

Scrophularia melissifolia

authorship: Salisb.

Scrophularia papillaris

authorship: Boiss. & Reut.

Scrophularia rugosa

authorship: Wydler

Scrophularia scorodonia f. glabrescens

authorship: Cout.

Scrophularia scorodonia f. verticillata

authorship: Merino

name: Scrophularia scorodonia subsp. multiflora

authorship: (Lange) Franco

Scrophularia scorodonia subsp. tinantii

authorship: (Dumort.) Nyman

name: Scrophularia scorodonia subvar. viridiflora

authorship: Druce

Scrophularia scorodonia var. acutifolia

authorship: Rouy

name: Scrophularia scorodonia var. glabrescens

authorship: (Cout.) Ortega Oliv. & Devesa

name: Scrophularia scorodonia var. longepetiolata

Scrophularia scorodonia var. multiflora

authorship: Lange

Scrophularia scorodonia var. papillaris

authorship: (Boiss. & Reut.) Ball

name: Scrophularia scorodonia var. verticillata

authorship: (Merino) Merino

Scrophularia scorodonifolia

authorship: Gray

Scrophularia tinantii

authorship: Dumort.

codes: AZO MOR FRA GRB POR SPA

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

France

code: FRA

Great Britain

code: GRB

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 431 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Harpagoside

activities: (+)-Inotropic (-)-Chronotropic Analgesic Antiarrhythmic Antiinflammatory Calcium-Antagonist

Rosmarinic-acid

activities: ABeta-Inhibitor Adenylate-Cyclase-Inhibitor Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiHIV Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antianaphylactic

Verbascoside

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Antibacterial Antifeedant Antihepatotoxic Antihypertensive Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

names: Scrofulaire scorodoine, Scrophulaire à feuilles de germandrée

names:
gwrnerth dail gwenyn
Gornerth Gwenynddail

partners:
Hauptidia maroccana
Cionus scrophulariae
Shargacucullia scrophulariae

value: chamaephyte

value: green

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)


slug: scrophularia-smithii

scientific: Scrophularia smithii

authorship: Hornem.

epithet: smithii

published_in: Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 68 (1819)

Scrophularia anagae

authorship: Bolle

Scrophularia teucrium

authorship: Christ

Canary Is.

code: CNY

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: Jan-Jun

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Hornem.

published_in: Hort. Bot. Hafn. Suppl. 68

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: scrophularia-sublyrata

scientific: Scrophularia sublyrata

authorship: Brot.

epithet: sublyrata

published_in: Phytogr. Lusitan. Select. 2: 156 (1827 publ. 1828)

Scrophularia ebulifolia

authorship: Hoffmanns. & Link

name: Scrophularia ebulifolia subsp. schmitzii

authorship: (Rouy) Cout.

name: Scrophularia ebulifolia subsp. schousboei

authorship: (Lange) Cout.

Scrophularia lyrata var. parviflora

authorship: (Lange) Pau

Scrophularia marceloi

authorship: Ladero

name: Scrophularia sambucifolia var. parviflora

Scrophularia schousboei subsp. montana

authorship: Franco

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 36 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: DD

label: Data Deficient

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

value: herb

authors: Brot.

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-trifoliata

scientific: Scrophularia trifoliata

authorship: L.

epithet: trifoliata

Scrophularia appendiculata

authorship: Jacq.

name: Scrophularia trifoliata var. integrifolia

authorship: Gamisans

codes: COR ITA SAR

Corse

code: COR

Sardegna

code: SAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Scrofulaire trifoliée, Scrofulaire à trois folioles, Scrofulaire à trois feuilles

value: non-woody

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-vernalis

scientific: Scrophularia vernalis

epithet: vernalis

preferred: Yellow Figwort

english:
Yellow Figwort
yellow figwort

Ceramanthe vernalis

authorship: (L.) Dumort.

Scrophularia anomala

authorship: Vest

Scrophularia clausii

authorship: Boiss. & Buhse

Scrophularia cordata

authorship: Waldst. & Kit.

Scrophularia rotundifolia

authorship: Host ex Schur

Scrophularia verna

authorship: Mill.

Scrophularia vernalis var. hyrcana

authorship: Grossh.

Venilia vernalis

authorship: (L.) Fourr.

codes: IRN TCS TUR AUT RUC CZE FRA GER HUN ITA YUG SIC RUS UKR

Iran

code: IRN

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Austria

code: AUT

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Germany

code: GER

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Sicilia

code: SIC

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

lifeform: annual or biennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 321 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Frühlings-Braunwurz Frühlingsbraunwurz

names: Scrofulaire printanière, Scrofulaire de printemps

names: Ранник весняний

names:
krtičník jarní
krti

names:
Kevadine sealõuarohi
vesi-sealõuarohi

names:
Gornerth Felen
Gornerth Melyn

partners:
Andrena florivaga
Harmonia axyridis
Pieris brassicae
Vespula germanica
Vespula vulgaris

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: scrophularia-villosa

scientific: Scrophularia villosa

authorship: Pennell

epithet: villosa

published_in: Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 5: 223 (1923)

preferred: Santa Catalina figwort

codes: CAL MXI

California

code: CAL

Mexican Pacific Is.

code: MXI

region: Mexico

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 65 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Норичник мохнатый

partners:
Agapostemon viridulus
Ammophila kennedyi
Ancistrocerus campestris
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Augochloropsis metallica
Bombus impatiens
Bombus vagans

value: subshrub

value: woody

authors: Pennell

published_in: Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 5: 223

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: scrophularia-wattii

scientific: Scrophularia wattii

authorship: (Hook.f.) P.Li

epithet: wattii

Oreosolen schaeferi

authorship: Melch.

Oreosolen unguiculatus

authorship: Hemsl.

codes: CHQ CHT EHM NEP

Qinghai

code: CHQ

region: China

Tibet

code: CHT

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

Nepal

code: NEP

authors: (Hook.f.) P.Li

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scrophularia-yoshimurae

scientific: Scrophularia yoshimurae

epithet: yoshimurae

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 雙鋸葉玄參 雙鋸齒玄參

published_in: J. Jap. Bot. xxiii. 86 (1949)


slug: scurrula-parasitica

scientific: Scurrula parasitica

genus: Scurrula

epithet: parasitica

family: Loranthaceae

Antriba budleoides

authorship: Raf.

Cichlanthus repandus

authorship: (Blume) Tiegh.

Cichlanthus scurrula

authorship: Tiegh.

Dendrophthoe biflora

authorship: (Desr.) Blume

Dendrophthoe buddlejoides

authorship: Blume

Dendrophthoe cinnamomea

authorship: (Wall. ex DC.) G.Don

Dendrophthoe graciliflora

authorship: (Wall. ex DC.) Mart.

Dendrophthoe kramatensis

authorship: Miq.

Loranthus biflorus

authorship: Desr.

Loranthus chinensis var. formosanus

authorship: Lecomte

Loranthus cinnamomeus

authorship: Wall. ex DC.

Loranthus concavifolium

authorship: Griff.

Loranthus malelensis

authorship: Korth.

Loranthus obtectus

authorship: Wall.

Loranthus parasiticus

authorship: (L.) Merr.

Loranthus scurrula var. buddleioides

authorship: (Desr.) Kurz

Loranthus scurrula var. graciliflorus

authorship: (Roxb. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Kurz

Scurrula biflora

authorship: (Desr.) G.Don

Scurrula graciliflora

authorship: (Roxb. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Danser

Taxillus parasiticus

authorship: (L.) S.T.Chiu

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI CHT AND ASS BAN BOR CBD EHM IND JAW LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP PHI SRL SUL SUM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Borneo

code: BOR

region: Malesia

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Jawa

code: JAW

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Philippines

code: PHI

partners:
Creon cleobis
Delias eucharis
Euproctis bigutta
Euthalia aconthea
Euthalia adonia
Euthalia amanda
Euthalia irrubescens
Pratapa deva

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-alabamensis

scientific: Scutellaria alabamensis

authorship: Alexander

genus: Scutellaria

epithet: alabamensis

family: Lamiaceae

preferred: Alabama skullcap

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

value: perennial

authors: Alexander

published_in: Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 1151

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: scutellaria-albida

scientific: Scutellaria albida

authorship: L.

epithet: albida

Scutellaria albida f. perhispida

authorship: Bornm.

Scutellaria albida subsp. perhispida

authorship: (Bornm.) Bothmer

Scutellaria albida var. pichleri

authorship: Stoj. & Stef.

name: Scutellaria condensata subsp. pycnotricha

authorship: (Rech.f.) Rech.f.

Scutellaria cretica

authorship: Mill.

Scutellaria decumbens

authorship: Sieber ex Rchb.

Scutellaria naxensis

authorship: Bothmer

Scutellaria nigrescens

authorship: Spreng.

Scutellaria pichleri

authorship: Velen.

name: Scutellaria velenovskyi subsp. perhispida

authorship: (Bornm.) Rech.f.

name: Scutellaria velenovskyi subsp. subsimilis

Scutellaria woronowii

authorship: Juz.

codes: EAI IRN IRQ TCS TUR BUL GRC ITA KRY YUG ROM TUE

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

Krym

code: KRY

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 144 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Scutellaire blanche, Scutellaire blanchâtre

value: Jun-Aug

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-alpina

scientific: Scutellaria alpina

epithet: alpina

Cassida alpina

authorship: (L.) Moench

Scutellaria albida

authorship: Benth.

name: Scutellaria alpina subsp. jabalambrensis

authorship: Rivas Mart., Izco & M.J.Costa

Scutellaria alpina subsp. olympica

authorship: Stoj. & Jordanov

Scutellaria alpina var. lupulina

authorship: (L.) Nyman

Scutellaria alpina var. prostrata

authorship: Trautv.

Scutellaria alpina var. pumila

authorship: Lange

Scutellaria javalambrensis

authorship: Pau

codes: ALB BUL FRA GER GRC ITA YUG ROM SPA SWI

Albania

code: ALB

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Spain

code: SPA

Switzerland

code: SWI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 827 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Alpine Skullcap
alpine scullcap

names: 中亚黄芩 高山黃芩

names: Шлемник альпийский

names: Alpen-Helmkraut Alpen-Helmkraut.

names: Scutellaire alpine, Scutellaire des Alpes

names:
Escutel·laria alpina
Escutel·lària alpina

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Anthophora aestivalis
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora furcata
Bombus argillaceus
Bombus terrestris
Bombus veteranus
Chalcosyrphus nemorum
Halictus leucaheneus

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Athalia circularis
Carduelis citrinella
Carpodacus erythrinus

value: variable


slug: scutellaria-altissima

scientific: Scutellaria altissima

authorship: L.

epithet: altissima

preferred: tall skullcap

Scutellaria altissima subsp. commutata

authorship: (Guss.) Nyman

Scutellaria commutata

authorship: Guss

codes: NCS TCS TUR ALB BUL RUC CZE GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG ROM RUS TUE UKR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Hungary

code: HUN

South European Russia

code: RUS

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1031 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
tall skullcap
Somerset Skullcap

names: 高黄芩 歐洲黃芩

names: Шлемник высочайший

names:
Scutellaire elevee
Scutellaire très élevée

names:
Groot glidkruid
Trosglidkruid

names: Шоломниця висока

names:
stor skjoldbærer
storskjoldbærer

names:
Cwcwll Gwlad yr Haf
Cycyllog Gwlad yr Haf

names:
stor skjoldberar
storskjoldberar

partners:
Anthophora aestivalis
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora furcata
Anthophora plumipes
Bombus argillaceus
Bombus hortorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus terrestris

label: Eaten by

partners:
Athalia circularis
Chrysolina coerulans
Conotelus obscurus
Longitarsus lycopi
Lucilia sericata
Phormia regina
Phyllobrotica quadrimaculata
Prochoreutis sehestediana


slug: scutellaria-angustifolia

scientific: Scutellaria angustifolia

authorship: Pursh

epithet: angustifolia

preferred: narrowleaf skullcap

Scutellaria angustifolia var. austinae

authorship: Leonard

Scutellaria angustifolia var. micrantha

authorship: (Olmstead) D.B.Poind. & Weakley

Scutellaria nevadensis

authorship: Eastw.

Scutellaria veronicifolia

authorship: Rydb.

codes: BRC CAL IDA NEV ORE UTA WAS

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

Idaho

code: IDA

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

Utah

code: UTA

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 331 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
narrowleaf skullcap
narrow-leaved skullcap

label: Growth habit

authors: Pursh

published_in: Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh) 2: 412


slug: scutellaria-antirrhinoides

scientific: Scutellaria antirrhinoides

epithet: antirrhinoides

preferred: nose skullcap

name: Scutellaria antirrhinoides var. californica

name: Scutellaria antirrhinoides var. sanhedrensis

codes: CAL IDA ORE UTA WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 165 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
nose skullcap
snapdragon skullcap

label: Woodiness

authors: Benth.

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 18: sub t. 1493, n. 35

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-arenicola

scientific: Scutellaria arenicola

authorship: Small

epithet: arenicola

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  25: 143 (1898)

preferred: Florida scrub skullcap

codes: FLA SCA

Florida

code: FLA

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 264 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Small

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25(3): 143


slug: scutellaria-baicalensis

scientific: Scutellaria baicalensis

authorship: Georgi

epithet: baicalensis

published_in: Bemerk. Reise Russ. Reich  1: 223 (1775)

Scutellaria baicalensis f. albiflora

authorship: H.W.Jen & Y.J.Chang

Scutellaria davurica

authorship: Pall. ex Ledeb.

Scutellaria lanceolaria

authorship: Miq.

Scutellaria macrantha

authorship: Fisch. ex Rchb.

Scutellaria speciosa

authorship: Fisch. ex Turcz.

codes: AMU BRY CHN CHC CTA CHI IRK KHA KOR CHM MON PRM YAK VIE

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Buryatiya

code: BRY

region: Siberia

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Primorye

code: PRM

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 216 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Baicalin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiHIV Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antianaphylactic Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticholinergic

Wogonin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Antibacterial Antifertility Antiimplantation Antiinflammatory Antileukemic Antioxidant

Chrysin

activities: AntiHIV AntiMDR Antiaflatoxin Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antiangiogenic Antibacillary Antibacterial

Skullcapflavone-ii

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Cytotoxic Thrombolytic

Oroxylin-a

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiaggregant Antimutagenic Antithrombic

names:
Baikal skullcap
Chinese skullcap

names: 黄芩 黄芩子

names: Шлемник байкальский

names: コガネバナ コガネヤナギ

names:
Baikal-Helmkraut
chinesisches Helmkraut

names: hwanggeum sogsseogeunpul

names: Шлемник байкалски

label: Height


slug: scutellaria-barbata

scientific: Scutellaria barbata

epithet: barbata

Scutellaria cavaleriei

authorship: H.Lév. & Vaniot

Scutellaria minor var. indica

authorship: Benth.

Scutellaria rivularis

authorship: Wall. ex Benth.

Scutellaria taipeiensis

authorship: T.C.Huang, A.Hsiao & M.J.Wu

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR TAI ASS BAN EHM LAO MYA NEP THA VIE WHM

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

Taiwan

code: TAI

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Laos

code: LAO

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Thailand

code: THA

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 628 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 半枝莲 半枝莲（半支莲）

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 109


slug: scutellaria-brachyspica

scientific: Scutellaria brachyspica

authorship: Nakai & H.Hara

epithet: brachyspica

Scutellaria brachyspica f. albiflora

authorship: Hayashi & Kobayasi bis

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Nakai & Hara

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-brevibracteata

scientific: Scutellaria brevibracteata

authorship: Stapf

epithet: brevibracteata

published_in: Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.  50: 99 (1885)

name: Scutellaria rubicunda subsp. brevibracteata

authorship: (Stapf) J.R.Edm.

Scutellaria rubicunda subsp. pannosula

authorship: (Rech.f.) J.R.Edm.

name: Scutellaria rubicunda subsp. subvelutina

codes: EAI LBS PAL SAU TUR

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

region: Arabian Peninsula

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 100 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шлемник короткоприцветниковый

names: קערורית סגולה

label: Life cycle

authors: Stapf

published_in: Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. i. (1885) 99

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-brittonii

scientific: Scutellaria brittonii

authorship: Porter

epithet: brittonii

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  21: 177 (1894)

preferred: Britton's skullcap

Scutellaria brittonii var. virgulata

authorship: Rydb.

codes: COL KAN NEB NWM WYO

Colorado

code: COL

Kansas

code: KAN

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Wyoming

code: WYO

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1246 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Atrytonopsis hianna hianna
Mastor vialis
Papilio indra
Parnassius smintheus smintheus
Poanes taxiles
Yvretta rhesus

authors: Porter

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21(4): 177


slug: scutellaria-californica

scientific: Scutellaria californica

epithet: californica

preferred: California skullcap

California

code: CAL

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 326 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
California skullcap
California scullcap


slug: scutellaria-cardiophylla

scientific: Scutellaria cardiophylla

authorship: Engelm. & A.Gray

epithet: cardiophylla

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist.  5: 227 (1845)

preferred: gulf skullcap

codes: ARK COL TEX

Arkansas

code: ARK

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 135 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
gulf skullcap
heart-leaved skullcap

value: therophyte

value: annual

authors: Engelm. & Gray

published_in: Boston J. Nat. Hist. v. (1845) 227


slug: scutellaria-columnae

scientific: Scutellaria columnae

authorship: All.

epithet: columnae

preferred: large skullcap

Scutellaria adenotricha

authorship: Boiss. & Heldr.

Scutellaria gussonei

authorship: Ten.

Scutellaria hirsuta

authorship: Kit. ex Sadler

Scutellaria pallida

authorship: Guss.

Scutellaria parnassica

authorship: Heldr. & Sartori ex Boiss.

Scutellaria peregrina

authorship: L.

codes: ALG TUN ALB BUL COR GRC ITA YUG ROM SIC

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Tunisia

code: TUN

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Corse

code: COR

region: Southwestern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Romania

code: ROM

Sicilia

code: SIC

names:
large skullcap
Tall Skullcap

names: Шлемник Колонны

names:
scutellaire de columna
Scutellaire de Colonna

label: Flowering months

value: Jun-Jul

authors: All.


slug: scutellaria-cypria

scientific: Scutellaria cypria

epithet: cypria

Scutellaria cypria var. elatior

authorship: Meikle

Cyprus

code: CYP

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шлемник кипрский

published_in: Bot. Arch. 43: 48


slug: scutellaria-drummondii

scientific: Scutellaria drummondii

authorship: Benth.

epithet: drummondii

published_in: Labiat. Gen. Spec. : 441 (1834)

preferred: Drummond's skullcap

source: inat

Scutellaria helleri

authorship: Small

Scutellaria thieretii

authorship: Shinners

codes: ALA KAN LOU MXE NWM OKL TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

Kansas

code: KAN

Louisiana

code: LOU

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Oklahoma

code: OKL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2016 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

species: Echium vulgare

slug: echium-vulgare

published_in: Labiat. Gen. Spec. 441

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: scutellaria-dumetorum

scientific: Scutellaria dumetorum

authorship: Schltdl.

epithet: dumetorum

Scutellaria coerulea

authorship: Moc. & Sessé ex Benth.

Scutellaria distans

authorship: Fernald

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS COS GUA HON

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Costa Rica

code: COS

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 210 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Schltdl.


slug: scutellaria-elliptica

scientific: Scutellaria elliptica

authorship: Muhl.

epithet: elliptica

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc.  3: 173 (1793)

preferred: hairy skullcap

Scutellaria cuneata

authorship: Willd. ex Benth.

Scutellaria hirsuta

authorship: Short & R.Peter

Scutellaria nemorosa

authorship: Raf.

Scutellaria ovalifolia

authorship: Pers.

Scutellaria ovalifolia subsp. hirsuta

authorship: Epling

Scutellaria ovalifolia var. hirsuta

authorship: (A.Gray) Fernald

Scutellaria pilosa

authorship: Michx.

Scutellaria pilosa var. ovalifolia

authorship: (Pers.) Benth.

Scutellaria teucriifolia

authorship: Sm.

codes: ALA FLA GEO ILL INI KTY LOU MRY MIC MSI MSO NWY NCA OHI PEN TEN TEX VRG WVA

Alabama

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maryland

code: MRY

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2004 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 3(art. 21): 173


slug: scutellaria-formosana

scientific: Scutellaria formosana

epithet: formosana

codes: CHC CHS CHH

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

published_in: Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 16: 212

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-galericulata

scientific: Scutellaria galericulata

authorship: L.

epithet: galericulata

preferred: Marsh Skullcap

english:
Marsh Skullcap
common scullcap
hooded skullcap
marsh skullcap
skullcap

Cassida galericulata

authorship: (L.) Scop.

Cassida major

authorship: Gilib.

Scutellaria adamsii

authorship: Spreng.

Scutellaria galericulata f. albiflora

authorship: Millsp.

Scutellaria galericulata f. rosea

authorship: E.L.Rand & Redfield

name: Scutellaria galericulata var. epilobiifolia

authorship: (A.Ham.) Jordal

name: Scutellaria galericulata var. glaberrima

Scutellaria galericulata var. humilis

authorship: Tinant

name: Scutellaria galericulata var. pauciflora

authorship: (Pant.) Nyman

Scutellaria galericulata var. pubens

authorship: Crép.

Scutellaria galericulata var. pubescens

authorship: Mutel

Scutellaria pauciflora

authorship: Pant.

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CTA CHI IRN IRK JAP KAZ KHA KGZ KRA MON NCS PRM TZK TCS TKM TVA TUR UZB WSB CHX YAK WHM ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRB GRC HUN IRE ITA YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL POR ROM SAR SIC RUS SPA SWE SWI TUE UKR ASK ABT ARI BRC CAL COL CNT DEL FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN LAB MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO MNT NEB NWH NWJ NWM NWY NFL NCA NDA NWT NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SDA TEX VER WAS WVA WIS WYO YUK

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Iran

code: IRN

region: Western Asia

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Mongolia

code: MON

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Primorye

code: PRM

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Tuva

code: TVA

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2031 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Tannin

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticariogenic Antidiarrheic Antidysenteric Antihepatotoxic

Caryophyllene

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Allergenic Analgesic Antiacne Antiasthmatic Antibacterial Anticariogenic Antidermatitic

Menthone

activities: Acaricide Allelopathic Analgesic Antiacetylcholinesterase Antiaggregant Antiallergic Antibacillary Antibacterial

Limonene

activities: AChE-Inhibitor Acaricide Allelochemic Allergenic Antiacetylcholinesterase Antiadenomic Antialzheimeran? Antiasthmatic

Apigenin

activities: 11B-HSD-Inhibitor AntiADD AntiHIV Antiaflatoxin Antiaggregant Antiaging Antiallergic Antiangiogenic

Luteolin

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor AntiHIV Antiallergic Antiangiogenic Antiatherogenic Antibacterial Anticarcinogenic Anticarcinomic

names: Шлемник обыкновенный

names: Шоломниця звичайна

names: קערורית הביצה

partners:
Anthophora aestivalis
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora furcata
Bombus argillaceus
Bombus hortorum
Bombus muscorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus terrestris

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus borealis
Bombus muscorum
Platycheirus albimanus
Anthophora aestivalis
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora furcata
Apidae

partners:
Phyllobrotica quadrimaculata
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Athalia circularis
Athalia scutellariae


slug: scutellaria-gardoquioides

scientific: Scutellaria gardoquioides

authorship: Benth.

epithet: gardoquioides

Perilomia gardoquioides

authorship: (Benth.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.

Peru

code: PER

region: Western South America

climate: seasonally dry tropical

value: shrub

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: scutellaria-guatemalensis

scientific: Scutellaria guatemalensis

authorship: Leonard

epithet: guatemalensis

codes: MXT GUA

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Guatemala

code: GUA

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: Leonard

published_in: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 715

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-hastifolia

scientific: Scutellaria hastifolia

epithet: hastifolia

Scutellaria dubia

authorship: Taliev & Sirj.

codes: NCS TUR WSB AUT BLT BLR BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRC HUN ITA YUG RUW POL ROM RUS SWE TUE UKR

West Siberia

region: Siberia

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Baltic States

code: BLT

region: Eastern Europe

Belarus

code: BLR

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Denmark

code: DEN

region: Northern Europe

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Northwest European Russia

code: RUW

Poland

code: POL

Romania

code: ROM

South European Russia

code: RUS

Sweden

code: SWE

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

Ukraine

code: UKR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 469 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шлемник копьелистный

names: Scutellaire à feuilles hastées, Scutellaire hastée

names: keihäsvuohennokka toppfrossört

names:
Cwcwll y Coed
Cycyllog Gwaywddail


slug: scutellaria-havanensis

scientific: Scutellaria havanensis

authorship: Jacq.

epithet: havanensis

preferred: Havana skullcap

Melissa veronicifolia

authorship: Pers.

name: Scutellaria havanensis var. portoricensis

Scutellaria longiflora

authorship: Small

Scutellaria rupicola

authorship: Alain

Thymus veronicifolius

authorship: (Pers.) Spreng.

codes: FLA MXG MXE BAH CUB DOM HAI JAM PUE

Florida

code: FLA

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Bahamas

code: BAH

region: Caribbean

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Jamaica

code: JAM

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

climate: wet tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 49 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Jacq.

published_in: Enum. Syst. Pl. 25

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-hispidula

scientific: Scutellaria hispidula

epithet: hispidula

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts  26: 174 (1891)

Scutellaria horridula

authorship: Epling

codes: MXC MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 174


slug: scutellaria-humilis

scientific: Scutellaria humilis

epithet: humilis

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 507 (1810)

codes: NSW QLD SOA TAS VIC

New South Wales

code: NSW

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 78 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: GIFT

value: Oct-Apr

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 507


slug: scutellaria-incana

scientific: Scutellaria incana

authorship: Biehler

epithet: incana

published_in: Pl. Nov. Herb. Spreng. : 25 (1807)

preferred: Downy skullcap

english:
Downy skullcap
hoary skullcap

Scutellaria altamaha var. australis

authorship: (Epling) D.B.Ward

Scutellaria canescens

authorship: Nutt.

Scutellaria canescens var. punctata

authorship: Chapm.

Scutellaria incana f. rhodantha

authorship: Mohlenbr.

Scutellaria pubescens

authorship: Muhl.

Scutellaria punctata

authorship: (Chapm.) Leonard

Scutellaria serrata

authorship: Spreng.

Scutellaria villosa

authorship: Elliott

codes: ALA ARK WDC FLA GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MIC MSI MSO NWJ NWY NCA OHI PEN SCA TEN VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

Arkansas

code: ARK

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Michigan

code: MIC

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1349 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шлемник седой

partners:
Bombus pensylvanicus
Amphion floridensis
Anthidium manicatum
Anthophora terminalis
Apis mellifera
Archilochus colubris
Bombus
Bombus fervidus

partners:
Anthidium manicatum
Anthophora terminalis
Battus philenor
Bombus bimaculatus
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Erynnis horatius
Lon zabulon

partners:
Anthidium manicatum
Anthophora terminalis
Bombus fervidus
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Lon zabulon
Xylocopa virginica
Zadontomerus

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: scutellaria-incarnata

scientific: Scutellaria incarnata

authorship: Vent.

epithet: incarnata

published_in: Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France  8: 18 (1807)

Scutellaria amaranthina

authorship: Linden ex Galeotti

Scutellaria incarnata var. minor

authorship: Benth.

Scutellaria incarnata var. trianae

authorship: (Planch. & Linden) Hook.

Scutellaria lehmannii

authorship: Regel

Scutellaria ornata

authorship: Leonard

Scutellaria scarlatina

authorship: Planch. & Linden ex Lam.

Scutellaria trianae

authorship: Planch. & Linden

Scutellaria ventenatii

authorship: Hook.

Scutellaria ventenatii var. trianae

authorship: (Planch. & Linden) Fern.Alonso

codes: BZN CLM ECU VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

authors: Vent.

published_in: Choix Pl. 39. I. 39

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)


slug: scutellaria-indica

scientific: Scutellaria indica

authorship: L.

epithet: indica

Scutellaria copelandii

authorship: Merr.

Scutellaria indica f. alba

authorship: (H.Hara) Sugim.

Scutellaria indica f. coccinea

authorship: (S.Kim & S.Lee) M.Kim

Scutellaria indica f. ramosa

authorship: C.Y.Wu & C.Chen

Scutellaria indica f. subacaulis

authorship: Y.Z.Sun ex C.H.Hu

Scutellaria indica var. alba

authorship: S.Kim & S.Lee

Scutellaria indica var. glabrescens

authorship: Pamp.

Scutellaria indica var. parvifolia

authorship: (Makino) Makino

Scutellaria indica var. satokoae

authorship: Wakas. & Naruh.

Scutellaria indica var. typica

authorship: Kudô

Scutellaria leucodasys

authorship: Miq.

Scutellaria microflora

authorship: Metcalf

Scutellaria parvifolia

authorship: (Makino) Koidz.

Scutellaria tashiroi

authorship: Hayata

name: Scutellaria tashiroi var. haianshanensis

codes: CHC CHS JAP KOR TAI CBD JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NWG PHI SUL SUM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Japan

code: JAP

Korea

code: KOR

Taiwan

code: TAI

Cambodia

code: CBD

region: Indo-China

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Philippines

code: PHI

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1046 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 印度黃芩 立浪草

partners:
Asiaephorus longicucullus
Docophoroides harrisoni

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)


slug: scutellaria-integrifolia

scientific: Scutellaria integrifolia

epithet: integrifolia

preferred: helmet flower

source: wikidata

Scutellaria caroliniana

authorship: Lam.

Scutellaria hyssopifolia var. hispida

authorship: (Benth.) Reveal

Scutellaria integrifolia f. rhodantha

authorship: Fernald

Scutellaria integrifolia subsp. hispida

authorship: (Benth.) Epling

Scutellaria integrifolia subsp. typica

authorship: Epling

Scutellaria integrifolia var. floridana

authorship: Penland

name: Scutellaria integrifolia var. glabriuscula

Scutellaria integrifolia var. hispida

authorship: Benth.

name: Scutellaria integrifolia var. hyssopifolia

authorship: (L.) Pursh

Scutellaria integrifolia var. major

authorship: Chapm.

codes: ALA CNT FLA GEO KTY MAS NWY OHI TEN TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Florida

code: FLA

Georgia

code: GEO

Kentucky

code: KTY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

New York

code: NWY

Ohio

code: OHI

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1983 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: L.


slug: scutellaria-isocheila

scientific: Scutellaria isocheila

epithet: isocheila

Scutellaria lewisiana

authorship: Nowicke

codes: COS PAN

Costa Rica

code: COS

region: Central America

Panamá

code: PAN


slug: scutellaria-laeteviolacea

scientific: Scutellaria laeteviolacea

authorship: Koidz.

epithet: laeteviolacea

published_in: Fl. Austro-Higo. : 50 (1931)

Scutellaria indica f. humilis

authorship: Makino

name: Scutellaria laeteviolacea var. abbreviata

authorship: (H.Hara) H.Hara

name: Scutellaria laeteviolacea var. kurokawae

Scutellaria simplex

authorship: Migo

codes: CHS JAP KOR

China Southeast

code: CHS

region: China

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Korea

code: KOR

names: 光紫黄芩 光紫黃芩

names: シソバタツナミ シソバタツナミソウ

authors: Koidz.

published_in: in Mayebara, Fl. Austrohig. 50 (1931); et in Acta Phytotax. & Geobot. 1932, i.23

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: scutellaria-lateriflora

scientific: Scutellaria lateriflora

authorship: L.

epithet: lateriflora

preferred: Blue skullcap

english:
Blue skullcap
blue skullcap

Cassida lateriflora

authorship: (L.) Moench

Scutellaria lateriflora var. albiflora

authorship: Farw.

Scutellaria lateriflora var. axillaris

authorship: Jenn.

Scutellaria polybotrya

authorship: Bernh.

codes: ALA ARI ARK BRC CAL COL CNT DEL WDC FLA GEO IDA ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSI MSO NEB NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NFL NCA NDA NSC OHI OKL ONT ORE PEN PEI QUE RHO SCA SDA TEN TEX VER VRG WAS WVA WIS

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

British Columbia

code: BRC

region: Western Canada

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Idaho

code: IDA

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Louisiana

code: LOU

Manitoba

code: MAN

Maryland

code: MRY

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

Nebraska

code: NEB

New Brunswick

code: NBR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2022 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Delta-cadinene

activities: Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Antiacne Antibacterial Anticariogenic Antistreptococcic Cytochrome-P450-Inducer P450-Inducer Pesticide

Beta-elemene

activities:
Anticancer (Cervix)
Antigliomic
Antiproliferant
Antitumor (Cervix)
Apoptotic

Ascorbic-acid

activities: Acidulant Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Analgesic Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker AntiAGE AntiCFS AntiCTS AntiCrohn's

Niacin

activities: Allergenic AntiLyme AntiMeniere's AntiRaynaud's Antiacrodynic Antiallergic Antialzheimeran Antiamblyopic

Beta-carotene

activities: Allergenic Androgenic? AntiPMS Antiacne Antiaging Antiarthritic Antiasthmatic Anticancer

names:
scutellaire latériflore
scutellaire à fleurs latérales

partners:
Andrena pruni
Andrena sayi
Anoplius illinoensis
Anthomyiella pratincola
Augochlorella persimilis
Brachypalpus oarus
Calliopsis andreniformis
Cordilura munda

partners:
Ancyloxypha numitor
Bombus fervidus
Bombus impatiens
Melissodes bimaculatus
Rhingia nasica
Andrena pruni
Andrena sayi
Anoplius illinoensis

partners:
Atalopedes huron
Bombus pensylvanicus
Xylocopa virginica
Zodion fulvifrons

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: scutellaria-mellichampii

scientific: Scutellaria mellichampii

authorship: Small

epithet: mellichampii

codes: ALA GEO SCA

Alabama

code: ALA

Georgia

code: GEO

South Carolina

code: SCA


slug: scutellaria-mexicana

scientific: Scutellaria mexicana

authorship: (Torr.) A.J.Paton

epithet: mexicana

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh  46: 346 (1990)

preferred: Paperbag Bush

english:
Paperbag Bush
Mexican bladdersage

Salazaria mexicana

authorship: Torr.

codes: ARI CAL MXE MXN NEV TEX UTA

Arizona

code: ARI

California

code: CAL

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Nevada

code: NEV

Texas

code: TEX

Utah

code: UTA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2025 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bladder Sage
Paperbag Bush

names: Шлемник мексиканский

partners:
Abaeis nicippe
Anthophora urbana
Apis mellifera
Bombus crotchii
Calypte anna
Calypte costae
Chlosyne californica
Elampini

partners:
Coccinella septempunctata
Hyles lineata
Lytta magister
Papilio polyxenes rudkini

partners:
Anthophora
Lytta magister

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / Fire Effects Information System (USDA)

authors: (Torr.) A.J.Paton

published_in: Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 46(3): 346


slug: scutellaria-minor

scientific: Scutellaria minor

authorship: Huds.

epithet: minor

preferred: lesser skullcap

Cassida minor

authorship: (Huds.) Gilib.

authorship: (Huds.) Bubani

Scutellaria galericulata subsp. minor

authorship: (Huds.) Bonnier & Layens

Scutellaria hastifolia

authorship: Ten. ex Steud.

Scutellaria minor var. elatior

authorship: Crép.

Scutellaria pumila

authorship: Salisb.

codes: AZO BGM FRA GER GRB IRE ITA NET POL POR SPA SWE

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Belgium

code: BGM

region: Middle Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Ireland

code: IRE

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

Netherlands

code: NET

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

Sweden

code: SWE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 593 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
lesser skullcap
Skull Cap

names: Шлемник малый

names:
Kleines Helmkraut
Moorschildkraut

names:
Petite scutellaire
scutellaire naine

names:
Småfrossört
liten frossört

names:
Cycyllog bach
Cwcwll Bach

partners:
Anthophora aestivalis
Anthophora dispar
Anthophora furcata
Bombus argillaceus
Bombus terrestris
Bombus veteranus
Chalcosyrphus nemorum
Halictus leucaheneus

partners:
Athalia circularis
Athalia scutellariae
Conotelus obscurus
Lucilia sericata
Phormia regina
Phyllobrotica quadrimaculata
Prochoreutis sehestediana
Vulpes vulpes

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous


slug: scutellaria-mollis

scientific: Scutellaria mollis

epithet: mollis

New South Wales

code: NSW

region: Australia

value: Oct-Mar


slug: scutellaria-montana

scientific: Scutellaria montana

authorship: Chapm.

epithet: montana

preferred: largeflower skullcap

codes: GEO TEN

Georgia

code: GEO

Tennessee

code: TEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
largeflower skullcap
large-flower skullcap

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

authors: Chapm.

published_in: Bot. Gaz. 3: 11


slug: scutellaria-multiglandulosa

scientific: Scutellaria multiglandulosa

authorship: (Kearney) Small ex Harper

epithet: multiglandulosa

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club  27: 339 (1900)

preferred: Small's skullcap

name: Scutellaria integrifolia var. multiglandulosa

authorship: Kearney

codes: FLA GEO SCA

Florida

code: FLA

South Carolina

code: SCA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 134 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Kearney) Small

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 339

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-muriculata

scientific: Scutellaria muriculata

authorship: Epling

epithet: muriculata

published_in: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot.  20: 69 (1942)

preferred: Rio Grande skullcap

Texas

code: TEX

authors: Epling

published_in: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 20: 69

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-nana

scientific: Scutellaria nana

epithet: nana

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts  11: 100 (1876)

preferred: dwarf skullcap

Scutellaria footeana

authorship: Mulford

Scutellaria holmgreniorum

authorship: Cronquist

codes: CAL IDA NEV ORE

California

code: CAL

Idaho

code: IDA

Nevada

code: NEV

Oregon

code: ORE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 136 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
dwarf skullcap
Ravendale skullcap

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts xi. (1876) 100

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-nervosa

scientific: Scutellaria nervosa

authorship: Pursh

epithet: nervosa

preferred: veiny skullcap

Scutellaria ambigua

authorship: Nutt.

Scutellaria nervosa f. alba

authorship: Steyerm.

Scutellaria nervosa f. ternata

authorship: Penland

Scutellaria nervosa var. ambigua

authorship: (Nutt.) Fernald

Scutellaria nervosa var. calvifolia

authorship: Fernald

Scutellaria parviflora

authorship: Raf. ex A.Ham.

Scutellaria radicata

authorship: Raf.

Scutellaria tenerifolia

authorship: Sm.

codes: ALA DEL WDC ILL INI IOW KTY LOU MRY MSI NWJ NWY NCA ONT PEN TEN VRG WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mississippi

code: MSI

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ontario

code: ONT

region: Eastern Canada

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 251 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
veiny skullcap
bottomland skullcap


slug: scutellaria-novae-zelandiae

scientific: Scutellaria novae-zelandiae

epithet: novae-zelandiae

New Zealand South

code: NZS

region: New Zealand

names:
New Zealand skullcap
Shovel mint

value: chamaephyte

value: evergreen

published_in: Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.). 2: 335

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: scutellaria-novorossica

scientific: Scutellaria novorossica

authorship: Juz.

epithet: novorossica

published_in: Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R.  14: 403 (1951)

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

names: Шлемник новороссийский

value: May-Jun

authors: Juz.

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: scutellaria-nummulariifolia

scientific: Scutellaria nummulariifolia

epithet: nummulariifolia

Cruzia serpyllacea

authorship: Phil.

codes: FAL AGS CLS

Falkland Is.

code: FAL

continent: ANTARCTICA

region: Subantarctic Islands

Argentina South

code: AGS

region: Southern South America

Chile South

code: CLS

value: herb

value: non-woody

published_in: Fl. Antarct. 2: 336

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-oreophila

scientific: Scutellaria oreophila

authorship: Grossh.

epithet: oreophila

published_in: Izv. Azerbaidzhansk. Fil.  3: 80 (1945)

codes: NCS TCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

names: Шлемник горолюбивый

value: Jun-Sep

authors: Grossh.

published_in: Izv. Azerbaidzhansk. Fil. 3: 80


slug: scutellaria-orichalcea

scientific: Scutellaria orichalcea

epithet: orichalcea

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ GUA HON

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: scutellaria-orientalis

scientific: Scutellaria orientalis

authorship: L.

epithet: orientalis

Scutellaria bicolor

authorship: Hochst.

Scutellaria cretacea

authorship: Boiss. & Hausskn.

Scutellaria granatensis

authorship: Pau

Scutellaria haussknechtii

authorship: Boiss.

Scutellaria hercegovinica

authorship: Formánek

Scutellaria karatschaica

authorship: Kharadze

Scutellaria macrostegia

authorship: Hausskn. ex Bornm.

Scutellaria microstegia

authorship: Bornm.

name: Scutellaria orientalis var. chamaedryfolia

authorship: Rchb.

Scutellaria orientalis var. porphrantha

authorship: Litard. & Maire

Scutellaria orientalis var. taurica

authorship: (Juz.) N.P.Popov

Scutellaria pectinata

authorship: Montbret & Aucher ex Benth.

Scutellaria subalbida

authorship: Klokov

Scutellaria virens

authorship: Boiss. & Kotschy

codes: MOR EAI IRN LBS NCS TCS TUR ALB BUL RUC GRC KRY YUG RUS SPA

Morocco

code: MOR

region: Northern Africa

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

region: Western Asia

Iran

code: IRN

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Türkiye

code: TUR

Albania

code: ALB

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Central European Russia

code: RUC

region: Eastern Europe

Greece

code: GRC

Krym

code: KRY

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

South European Russia

code: RUS

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 412 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Шлемник восточный

names: Шоломниця східна


slug: scutellaria-ovata

scientific: Scutellaria ovata

authorship: Hill

epithet: ovata

preferred: heartleaf skullcap

Scutellaria angustifolia

authorship: Adams ex Benth.

Scutellaria caroliniana

authorship: Walter

Scutellaria cordifolia

authorship: Muhl. ex Benth.

Scutellaria cordifolia var. pilosissima

authorship: Mack. & Bush

Scutellaria cuthbertii

authorship: Alexander

Scutellaria ovata subsp. calcarea

authorship: Epling

Scutellaria ovata subsp. mississipiana

authorship: (M.Martens) Epling

Scutellaria ovata subsp. versicolor

authorship: (Nutt.) Epling

Scutellaria ovata var. bracteata

authorship: (Benth.) S.F.Blake

Scutellaria ovata var. calcarea

authorship: (Epling) Gleason

Scutellaria ovata var. pilosior

authorship: Leonard

Scutellaria ovata var. pseudoarguta

authorship: (Epling) Core

Scutellaria ovata var. rugosa

authorship: (A.Wood) Fernald

Scutellaria ovata var. versicolor

authorship: (Nutt.) Fernald

Scutellaria venosa

authorship: Kearney

Scutellaria versicolor

authorship: Nutt.

Scutellaria versicolor var. bracteata

authorship: Benth.

Scutellaria versicolor var. minor

authorship: Chapm.

codes: ALA ARK GEO ILL INI IOW KAN KTY LOU MRY MXE MIN MSI MSO NCA OHI OKL SCA TEN TEX VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Iowa

code: IOW

Kansas

code: KAN

Kentucky

code: KTY

Louisiana

code: LOU

Maryland

code: MRY

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Minnesota

code: MIN

Mississippi

code: MSI

Missouri

code: MSO

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

Oklahoma

code: OKL

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1977 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
heartleaf skullcap
Heart-leaved Skullcap

partners:
Aedes nigripes
Ancyloxypha numitor
Andrena accepta
Andrena nothoscordi
Anthocomus erichsoni
Chloralictus smilacinae
Coenosia fuscopunctata
Conura torvina

partners:
Bombus fervidus
Pyrobombus
Anthemoessa abrupta
Anthophora terminalis
Anthophora ursina
Bombus pensylvanicus
Bombus vagans
Ceratina dupla

partners:
Phyllobrotica limbata
Xylocopa virginica