slug: coryphantha-poselgeriana

scientific: Coryphantha poselgeriana

authorship: (A.Dietr.) Britton & Rose

epithet: poselgeriana

Cactus salm-dyckianus

authorship: (Scheer ex Salm-Dyck) Kuntze

Coryphantha kieferiana

authorship: (Boed.) A.Berger

Coryphantha poselgeriana var. valida

authorship: (Purpus) Heinrich ex Backeb.

Coryphantha salm-dyckiana

authorship: (Scheer ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose

Coryphantha salm-dyckiana var. brunnea

authorship: (Salm-Dyck) G.Unger

Coryphantha valida

authorship: (Purpus) L.Bremer

Echinocactus salm-dyckianus

authorship: (Scheer) Poselg.

Echinocactus saltillensis

authorship: Glaz.

Mammillaria salm-dyckiana

authorship: Scheer

Mammillaria salm-dyckiana var. brunnea

authorship: Salm-Dyck

Mammillaria valida

authorship: Purpus

Neomammillaria melanocentra

authorship: (F.A.C.Weber) Britton & Rose

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 168 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 4: 28

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coryphantha-potosiana

scientific: Coryphantha potosiana

authorship: (Jacobi) Glass & R.A.Foster

genus: Coryphantha

epithet: potosiana

family: Cactaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

published_in: in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 43: 7. 1971.

Coryphantha potosiana

authorship: (Jacobi) Glass & R.A.Foster ex Rowley

Mammillaria potosiana

authorship: Jacobi

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 43 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

license: per photograph

field: care

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

field: toxicity

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

field: phenology

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: coryphantha-pseudonickelsiae

scientific: Coryphantha pseudonickelsiae

authorship: Backeb.

epithet: pseudonickelsiae

published_in: Blätt. Sukkulentenk. 1: 8 1949

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Mexico

lifeform: succulent subshrub

climate: desert or dry shrubland

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

license: CC0 / per-source

authors: Backeb.

published_in: Blätt. Sukkulentenk. 1: 8

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

license: CC-BY 4.0

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: coryphantha-pseudoradians

scientific: Coryphantha pseudoradians

authorship: Bravo

epithet: pseudoradians

published_in: in Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 25: 528. 1954.

name: Coryphantha pallida subsp. pseudoradians

authorship: (Bravo) U.Guzmán & Vázq.-Ben.

Coryphantha radians var. pseudoradians

authorship: (Bravo) Bravo

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 57 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Bravo

published_in: Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 25: 528, fig


slug: coryphantha-retusa

scientific: Coryphantha retusa

authorship: (Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose

epithet: retusa

Cactus cephalophorus

authorship: (Salm-Dyck) Kuntze

Cactus retusus

authorship: (Pfeiff.) Kuntze

Echinocactus cephalophorus

authorship: (Salm-Dyck) Poselg.

Mammillaria retusa

authorship: Pfeiff.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: MXC MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 146 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: DD

label: Data Deficient

authors: Britton & Rose

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 4: 38, fig. 36

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coryphantha-robustispina

scientific: Coryphantha robustispina

authorship: (Schott ex Engelm.) Britton & Rose

epithet: robustispina

preferred: Pima Pineapple Cactus

english:
Pima Pineapple Cactus
long-tubercle beehive cactus

source: wikidata

Cactus robustispinus

authorship: (Schott ex Engelm.) Kuntze

Coryphantha muehlenpfordtii

authorship: (Poselg.) Britton & Rose

name: Coryphantha muehlenpfordtii subsp. robustispina

authorship: (Schott ex Engelm.) Dicht

name: Coryphantha muehlenpfordtii subsp. uncinata

authorship: (L.D.Benson) Dicht

name: Coryphantha muehlenpfordtii var. robustispina

authorship: (Schott ex Engelm.) W.T.Marshall

name: Coryphantha robustispina subsp. uncinata

authorship: (L.D.Benson) N.P.Taylor

Coryphantha scheeri

authorship: Lem.

Coryphantha scheeri var. robustispina

authorship: (Schott ex Engelm.) L.D.Benson

Coryphantha scheeri var. valida

authorship: (Engelm.) L.D.Benson

Echinocactus muehlenpfordtii

authorship: Poselg.

Mammillaria engelmannii

authorship: Cory

Mammillaria robustispina

authorship: Schott ex Engelm.

Mammillaria scheeri

authorship: Muehlenpf.

Mammillaria scheeri var. valida

authorship: Engelm.

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM TEX

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Texas

code: TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 143 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
long-tubercle beehive cactus
Pima Pineapple Cactus

names:
Biznaga-partida de Espinas Gruesas
biznaga partida de espinas gruesas

names: 春花丸 白光城

names: 白光城 白光殿

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: shrub

source: USDA PLANTS

source: GIFT

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: woody

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

license: CC BY 4.0

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

authors: (A.Schott ex Engelm.) Britton & Rose

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 4: 33

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)


slug: coryphantha-salinensis

scientific: Coryphantha salinensis

authorship: (Poselg.) Dicht & A.Lüthy

epithet: salinensis

published_in: in Kakteen And. Sukk. 49: 257. 1998.

Coryphantha borwigii

authorship: (J.A.Purpus) A.Berger

name: Coryphantha poselgeriana var. salinensis

authorship: (Poselg.) L.Bremer

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 169 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (Poselg.) Dicht & A.Lüthy

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coryphantha-sulcata

scientific: Coryphantha sulcata

authorship: (Engelm.) Britton & Rose

epithet: sulcata

preferred: Finger Cactus

english:
Finger Cactus
Grooved Nipple Cactus
Pineapple Cactus
pineapple cactus

Cactus calcaratus

authorship: (Engelm.) Kuntze

Cactus kotschubeyi

authorship: Kuntze

Cactus scolymoides var. sulcatus

authorship: (Engelm.) J.M.Coult.

Cactus sulcatus

authorship: (Engelm.) Small

Coryphantha calcarata

authorship: (Engelm.) Lem.

Coryphantha obscura

authorship: Boed.

Coryphantha radians var. sulcata

authorship: (Engelm.) Y.Itô

Mammillaria radians f. sulcata

authorship: (Engelm.) Schelle

Mammillaria radians var. sulcata

authorship: (Engelm.) K.Schum.

codes: MXE TEX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2019 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Finger Cactus
Grooved Nipple Cactus

authors: (Engelm.) Britton & Rose

published_in: Cactaceae (Britton & Rose) 4: 48 (fig. 49)


slug: coryphantha-vogtherriana

scientific: Coryphantha vogtherriana

authorship: Werderm. & Boed.

epithet: vogtherriana

published_in: in Monatsschr. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 4: 32. 1932.

preferred: Cactus

codes: MXE MXS

names:
biznaga partida
biznaga partida de Voghterr

authors: Werderm. & Boed.

published_in: Monatsschr. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 4: 32, figs

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: coryphopteris-angulariloba

scientific: Coryphopteris angulariloba

authorship: (Ching) L.J.He & X.C.Zhang

genus: Coryphopteris

epithet: angulariloba

family: Thelypteridaceae

published_in: Lycophytes Ferns China 319 (2012)

Lastrea angulariloba

authorship: (Ching) Tagawa

Lastrea simozawae

authorship: (Tagawa) Tagawa

Parathelypteris angulariloba

authorship: (Ching) Ching

Parathelypteris caoshanensis

authorship: Ching ex K.H.Shing

Parathelypteris simozawae

authorship: (Tagawa) Ching

Parathelypteris subpinnatifida

authorship: Ching

Thelypteris caoshanensis

authorship: (Ching ex K.H.Shing) Christenh.

Thelypteris simozawae

authorship: Tagawa

Wagneriopteris angulariloba

authorship: (Ching) Á.Löve & D.Löve

codes: CHS JAP NNS TAI VIE

China Southeast

code: CHS

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Vietnam

code: VIE

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indo-China

lifeform: perennial

climate: subtropical

names: 钝角栗金星蕨 鈍頭金星蕨

authors: (Ching) L.J.He & X.C.Zhang

published_in: Lycophytes Ferns China 319


slug: coryphopteris-castanea

scientific: Coryphopteris castanea

authorship: (Tagawa) Y.Hang Chang, Ebihara & L.Y.Kuo

epithet: castanea

published_in: Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 47(2): 76 (2021)

codes: NNS TAI

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., B. Bot. 47(2): 76


slug: coryphopteris-fasciculata

scientific: Coryphopteris fasciculata

authorship: (Fourn.) Holttum

epithet: fasciculata

Dryopteris fasciculata

authorship: (Fourn.) C.Chr.

Dryopteris macgregorii

authorship: (Baker) C.Chr.

Lastrea conterminoides

authorship: (C.Chr.) Copel.

Lastrea macgregorii

authorship: (Baker) Ridl.

Nephrodium fasciculatum

authorship: (E.Fourn.) Baker

Nephrodium macgregorii

authorship: Baker

Thelypteris conterminoides

authorship: (C.Chr.) C.F.Reed

Thelypteris fasciculata

authorship: (Fourn.) Ching

Thelypteris macgregorii

authorship: (Baker) Ching

codes: NWG SUL NWC

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Sulawesi

code: SUL

region: Malesia

New Caledonia

code: NWC

continent: PACIFIC

region: Southwestern Pacific

lifeform: epiphytic rhizomatous subshrub

climate: wet tropical

value: herb

value: non-woody

authors: (Fourn.) Holttum


slug: coryphopteris-simulata

scientific: Coryphopteris simulata

authorship: (Davenp.) S.E.Fawc.

epithet: simulata

preferred: bog fern

source: usda

Aspidium simulatum

authorship: Davenp.

Filix simulata

authorship: (Davenp.) Farw.

Lastrea simulata

authorship: Copel.

Parathelypteris simulata

authorship: (Davenp.) Holttum

Thelypteris simulata

authorship: Nieuwl.

Wagneriopteris simulata

authorship: (Davenp.) Á.Löve & D.Löve

codes: ALA CNT DEL WDC MAI MRY MAS NBR NWH NWJ NWY NCA NSC ONT PEN QUE RHO TEN VER VRG WVA WIS

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Connecticut

code: CNT

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Maine

code: MAI

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ontario

code: ONT

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

Tennessee

code: TEN

Vermont

code: VER

Virginia

code: VRG

West Virginia

code: WVA

Wisconsin

code: WIS

region: North-Central U.S.A.

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 155 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dodge's shield fern
Massachusetts fern

names:
thélyptère simulatrice
thélyptère simulée


slug: coscinodon-cribrosus

scientific: Coscinodon cribrosus

authorship: (Hedw.) Spruce

genus: Coscinodon

epithet: cribrosus

family: Grimmiaceae

preferred: coscinodon moss

Coscinodon cribrosus f. brevipilus

authorship: (M.Fleisch. & Warnst.) Podp.

Coscinodon cribrosus f. epilosus

authorship: Boulay

Coscinodon cribrosus f. laevidens

authorship: Tosco

Coscinodon cribrosus f. submuticus

authorship: Latzel

Coscinodon cribrosus f. subsulcatus

authorship: Limpr.

Coscinodon cribrosus subsp. mardorfii

authorship: (Loeske & H.Winter) J.J.Amann

Coscinodon cribrosus var. brevipilus

authorship: M.Fleisch. & Warnst.

Coscinodon cribrosus var. epilosus

authorship: Cardot ex Loeske

Coscinodon cribrosus var. mardorfii

authorship: (Loeske & H.Winter) Jäggli

Coscinodon cribrosus var. plesivecensis

authorship: Pilous

Coscinodon cribrosus var. propagulifer

authorship: (C.E.O.Jensen) J.J.Amann

Coscinodon cribrosus var. subperforatus

authorship: (H.Philib.) Fergusson

Coscinodon persoonii

authorship: Hampe

Coscinodon pulvinatus

authorship: Spreng.

name: Coscinodon pulvinatus var. subperforatus

name: Grimmia caespiticia var. bornmuellerorum

authorship: Schiffn.

Grimmia cribrosa

authorship: Hedw.

Grimmia mardorfii

authorship: Loeske & H.Winter

Weissia cribrosa

authorship: (Hedw.) Poir.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
coscinodon moss
Sieve-tooth Moss

names: 小孔筛齿藓 筛齿藓

value: nonvascular


slug: cosentinia-vellea

scientific: Cosentinia vellea

authorship: (Aiton) Tod.

genus: Cosentinia

epithet: vellea

family: Pteridaceae

published_in: Giorn. Sci. Nat. Econ. Palermo 1: 220 (1866)

Acrostichum catanense

authorship: Cosentini

Acrostichum denticulatum

authorship: Colmeiro

Acrostichum velleum

authorship: Aiton

Cheilanthes catanensis

authorship: (Cosentini) H.P.Fuchs

Cheilanthes catanensis subsp. bivalens

authorship: (Reichst.) A.Hansen & Sunding

Cheilanthes vellea

authorship: (Aiton) F.Muell.

authorship: (Aiton) Domin

Cheilanthes vellea subsp. bivalens

authorship: (Reichst.) Greuter & Jermy

Cincinalis vellea

authorship: (Aiton) Desv.

Cosentinia bivalens

authorship: (Reichst.) Hansen & Sunding

Cosentinia catanensis

authorship: (Cosentini) Tod.

Gymnogramma lanuginosa

authorship: (Desf.) A.Braun

Gymnogramma vellea

authorship: (Aiton) Kuhn

Hemionitis lanuginosa

authorship: (Desv. ex Poir.) Christenh.

Notholaena lanuginosa

authorship: (Desf.) Desv.

Notholaena lanuginosa subsp. bivalens

authorship: Reichst.

Notholaena plukenetii

authorship: Fée

Notholaena vellea f. cheilanthoides

authorship: Trab. ex Emb.

codes: ALG CNY CVI EGY ETH LBY MDR MOR SOM SUD TUN AFG CYP IRN IRQ LBS OMA PAL SAU SIN TUR YEM PAK WHM BAL COR FRA GRC ITA KRI POR SAR SIC SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Canary Is.

code: CNY

region: Macaronesia

Cape Verde

code: CVI

Egypt

code: EGY

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Libya

code: LBY

Madeira

code: MDR

Morocco

code: MOR

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tunisia

code: TUN

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Oman

code: OMA

region: Arabian Peninsula

Palestine

code: PAL

Saudi Arabia

code: SAU

Sinai

code: SIN

Türkiye

code: TUR

Yemen

code: YEM

Pakistan

code: PAK

region: Indian Subcontinent

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 608 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Краекучник шерстистый

names: שרכרך הסלעים


slug: cosmelia-rubra

scientific: Cosmelia rubra

genus: Cosmelia

epithet: rubra

family: Ericaceae

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 553 (1810)

Cosmelia angustifolia

authorship: DC.

Epacris rubra

authorship: (R.Br.) Spreng.

Western Australia

code: WAU

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Height

category: Size

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: capsule

source: Wikidata

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

published_in: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 553

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmibuena-valerii

scientific: Cosmibuena valerii

authorship: (Standl.) C.M.Taylor

genus: Cosmibuena

epithet: valerii

family: Rubiaceae

Hillia chiriquiensis

authorship: Dwyer

Hillia valerioi

authorship: Standl.

codes: COS PAN

Costa Rica

code: COS

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Central America

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: hemiepiphytic shrub or tree

value: tree

label: Life form

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: (Standl.) C.M.Taylor

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-atrosanguineus

scientific: Cosmos atrosanguineus

authorship: (Hook.) Voss

genus: Cosmos

epithet: atrosanguineus

family: Asteraceae

published_in: Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 485. 1894

preferred: Chocolate Cosmos

Bidens atrosanguinea

authorship: (Hook.) Ortgies ex Regel

name: Cosmos diversifolius var. atrosanguineus

authorship: Hook.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

lifeform: tuberous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 33 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Chocolate Cosmos
black cosmos

names:
Cosmos de chocolate
dalia

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Deidamia inscriptum
Megachile
Xylocopa sonorina

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Coelioxys octodentatus
Ibidoecus longiclypeatus
Philaenus spumarius
Xylocopa sonorina

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

authors: (Hook.) Voss

published_in: Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 485

reason: Only 21 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-bipinnatus

scientific: Cosmos bipinnatus

authorship: Cav.

epithet: bipinnatus

published_in: Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum 1 1791

preferred: garden cosmos

source: inat

Bidens bipinnata

authorship: (Cav.) Baill.

Bidens formosa

authorship: (Bonato) Sch.Bip.

Coreopsis formosa

authorship: Bonato ex Pritz.

authorship: Bonato

Cosmea bipinnata

authorship: (Cav.) Willd.

Cosmea tenifolia

authorship: (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Heynhold

Cosmea tenuifolia

authorship: (Lindl. ex DC.) J.W.Loudon

Cosmos bipinnatus var. albiflorus

authorship: Sprenger

Cosmos bipinnatus var. typicus

authorship: Sherff

Cosmos hybridus

authorship: Goldring

Cosmos reptans

authorship: Benth.

Cosmos spectabilis

authorship: Carrière

Cosmos spectabilis var. alba

authorship: Carr.

Cosmos tenuifolia

authorship: (Lindl. ex DC.) Lindl.

Dahlia repens

authorship: Hartw. ex Benth.

Dahlia zimapani

authorship: Roezl ex Ortgies

Georgia bipinnata

authorship: Spreng.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

lifeform: annual

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1958 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

names:
garden cosmos
Common Cosmos

names:
Cambray
Girasol morado

names: 波斯菊 榛子花

names: قسموس ثنائي الريش

names: beijo-de-moça cosmos-de-jardim

names: Космея дваждыперистая

names: オオハルシャギク コスモス

names: Kosmee Schmuckkörbchen

names:
Cosmos
Cosmos bipenné, Cosmos

names:
Kosmos pierzasty
Kosmos podwójnie pierzasty

names: Космея звичайна

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Ancistrocerus gazella
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens

partners:
Bombus vosnesenskii
Apis mellifera
Bombus borealis
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus huntii
Bombus impatiens
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Adalia bipunctata
Agapostemon virescens
Ancistrocerus gazella
Anthophora californica
Bombus fraternus
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus insularis

partners:
Papilio machaon
Apis mellifera
Eristalis intricaria
Pieris rapae
Vanessa atalanta
Acanthiophilus helianthi
Agapostemon texanus
Agapostemon virescens

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: therophyte

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: cosmos-caudatus

scientific: Cosmos caudatus

authorship: Kunth

epithet: caudatus

published_in: Nova Genera et Species Plantarum 4 1820

preferred: wild cosmos

Bidens artemisiifolia subsp. caudata

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Bidens artemisiifolia var. rubra

authorship: Kuntze

Bidens carnea

authorship: Heer

Bidens caudata

authorship: (Kunth) Sch.Bip.

Cosmos pacificus var. chiapensis

authorship: Melchert

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZE BZL BZC CLM COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN PER TRT VEN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

region: Brazil

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Peru

code: PER

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

region: Caribbean

Venezuela

code: VEN

region: Northern South America

climate: seasonally dry tropical

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 776 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
wild cosmos
Foxtail

names: 尾秋英 帝皇烏藍

names: Cosmee Schmuckblume

partners:
Ceratina mexicana
Anartia fatima
Anartia jatrophae
Apis mellifera
Ascia monuste
Danaus chrysippus
Dryas iulia
Oxystoglossella


slug: cosmos-concolor

scientific: Cosmos concolor

epithet: concolor

published_in: Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 8: 434 (1932)

codes: MXE MXN MXS

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 68 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Sherff

published_in: Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 8: 434


slug: cosmos-crithmifolius

scientific: Cosmos crithmifolius

epithet: crithmifolius

Coreopsis verticellata

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Panamá

code: PAN

lifeform: perennial or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 161 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Kunth

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-diversifolius

scientific: Cosmos diversifolius

authorship: Otto

epithet: diversifolius

Bidens diversifolia

authorship: (Otto ex Knowles & Westc.) Sch.Bip.

Cosmea diversifolia

authorship: (Otto ex Knowles & Westc.) Heynh.

Cosmos diversifolius var. dahlioides

authorship: (S.Watson) Melchert

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS GUA

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 189 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Otto

published_in: Knowles & Westc. Flor. Cab. 2: 3, t. 47

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: cosmos-linearifolius

scientific: Cosmos linearifolius

authorship: (Sch.Bip.) Hemsl.

epithet: linearifolius

Cosmos linearifolius var. magnifolius

authorship: Sherff

authors: Hemsl.

published_in: Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. [Hemsley] 2(9): 200

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-ochroleucoflorus

scientific: Cosmos ochroleucoflorus

epithet: ochroleucoflorus

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 32 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: cosmos-palmeri

scientific: Cosmos palmeri

epithet: palmeri

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 623 (1909)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 74 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 623

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 16 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-parviflorus

scientific: Cosmos parviflorus

authorship: (Jacq.) Pers.

epithet: parviflorus

preferred: southwestern cosmos

Coreopsis parviflora

authorship: Jacq.

Cosmea parviflora

authorship: Willd.

Cosmos bipinnatus var. parviflorus

authorship: (Pers.) A.Gray

Cosmos parviflorus

authorship: (Jacq.) Kunth

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 566 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: annual

authors: Pers.

published_in: Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2(2): 477; H. B. & K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 4: 241

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: cosmos-peucedanifolius

scientific: Cosmos peucedanifolius

authorship: Wedd.

epithet: peucedanifolius

published_in: Chlor. Andina 1: 70 (1856)

Bidens peucedanifolia

authorship: (Wedd.) Kuntze

name: Bidens peucedanifolia var. bipinnatisecta

name: Bidens peucedanifolia var. cochabambensis

name: Bidens peucedanifolia var. peucedanifolia

name: Bidens peucedanifolius var. peucedanifolius

Cosmos marginatus

authorship: Klatt

name: Cosmos peucedanifolius var. bipinnatisectus

authorship: (Kuntze) Sherff

codes: AGW BOL PER

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

region: Southern South America

Bolivia

code: BOL

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 125 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Wedd.

published_in: Chlor. Andina 1: 70

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-scabiosoides

scientific: Cosmos scabiosoides

authorship: Kunth

epithet: scabiosoides

Cosmea scabiosae

authorship: Spreng.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 200 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 28 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cosmos-sulphureus

scientific: Cosmos sulphureus

authorship: Cav.

epithet: sulphureus

preferred: sulphur cosmos

Bidens artemisiifolia

authorship: (Jacq.) Kuntze

Bidens artemisiifolia f. grandiflora

authorship: Kuntze

Bidens sulfurea

authorship: (Cav.) Sch.Bip.

Coreopsis artemisifolia

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Cosmea sulphurea

authorship: (Cav.) Willd.

Cosmos artemisiifolius

authorship: (Jacq.) M.R.Almeida

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN

Costa Rica

code: COS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1963 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
sulphur cosmos
Cosmos

names:
Cosmos azufrado
Mirasol amarillo

names: 硫磺菊 硫黄菊

names:
قسموس اصفر
قسموس كبريتي

names: cosmo-amarelo cosmos-amarelo

names:
kosmos želtyj
Космея серно-желтая

names:
Gelbe Kosmee
Gelbe Kosmeee

names: / Cosmos

names:
Kenikir
Kenikir sulfur

names:
Kosmos siarkowy
Kosmos żółty

names: ดาวกระจาย ดาวกระจายเหลือง

names: Keltakosmos keltakosmoskukka

names:
kénsárga pillangóvirág
Sárga pillangóvirág

partners:
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Euptoieta claudia
Acraea terpsicore
Agapostemon virescens
Anartia fatima colima
Anartia jatrophae
Anartia jatrophae luteipicta

partners:
Apis mellifera
Atalopedes huron
Bombus griseocollis
Bombus impatiens
Bombus pensylvanicus
Calligrapha californica
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Dione vanillae

partners:
Syntomis phoenicea
Acraea terpsicore
Aethaloessa calidalis
Amsacta lineola
Anisodes samoana
Apis cerana
Apis dorsata
Apis mellifera


slug: cossinia-australiana

scientific: Cossinia australiana

genus: Cossinia

epithet: australiana

family: Sapindaceae

published_in: Austrobaileya 1: 486 (1982 publ. 1983)

Queensland

code: QLD

lifeform: tree

published_in: Austrobaileya 1(5): 486

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: cossinia-pinnata

scientific: Cossinia pinnata

authorship: Comm. ex Lam.

epithet: pinnata

Cossinia borbonica

authorship: DC.

Cossinia commersonii

authorship: Raeusch.

Cossinia splendens

authorship: Sieber ex Steud.

Cossinia ternata

authorship: Baker

codes: MAU REU

Mauritius

code: MAU

region: Western Indian Ocean

Réunion

code: REU

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Comm. ex Lam.

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costularia-natalensis

scientific: Costularia natalensis

genus: Costularia

epithet: natalensis

family: Cyperaceae

Tetraria natalensis

authorship: (C.B.Clarke) T.Koyama

codes: SWZ NAT MLW MOZ TVL ZIM

Eswatini

code: SWZ

region: Southern Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

value: graminoid

value: geophyte

published_in: Consp. Fl. Afr. [T.A. Durand & H. Schinz] 5: 685


slug: costus-arabicus

scientific: Costus arabicus

authorship: L.

genus: Costus

epithet: arabicus

family: Costaceae

Alpinia arabica

authorship: (L.) M.R.Almeida

Costus arrabidae

authorship: Steud.

Costus discolor

authorship: Roscoe

Costus glabratus

authorship: Sw.

Costus glabratus var. niveopurpureus

authorship: (Jacq.) Petersen

Costus gracilis

authorship: Loes.

Costus niveopurpureus

authorship: Jacq.

Costus ramosus

authorship: Woodson

Costus sextus

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Costus spiralis var. hirsutus

authorship: Petersen

Costus verschaffeltianus

authorship: Lem.

codes: AGE BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM DOM ECU FRG GUY HAI LEE PAR PER SUR TRT VEN VNA WIN

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Paraguay

code: PAR

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

Venezuelan Antilles

code: VNA

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 117 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Florisuga fusca
Phaethornis ruber
Ramphodon naevius
Thalurania glaucopis

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-atlanticus

scientific: Costus atlanticus

authorship: E.M.Pessoa & M.Alves

epithet: atlanticus

published_in: Syst. Biodivers. 18: 50 (2020)

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

authors: E.M.Pessoa & M.Alves

published_in: Syst. Biodivers. 18(1): 50

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Only 15 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-bracteatus

scientific: Costus bracteatus

authorship: Rowlee

epithet: bracteatus

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 285 (1922)

codes: COS NIC PAN

Costa Rica

code: COS

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

authors: Rowlee

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 285, pl. 12

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-comosus

scientific: Costus comosus

authorship: (Jacq.) Roscoe

epithet: comosus

published_in: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 350 (1807)

Costus maritimus

authorship: Standl. & L.O.Williams

codes: MXG MXT MXS CLM COS ECU ELS GUA PAN VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Colombia

code: CLM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 293 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 多毛闭鞘姜 叢毛寶塔薑

authors: Roscoe

published_in: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 350

reason: Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-dirzoi

scientific: Costus dirzoi

authorship: García-Mend. & G.Ibarra

epithet: dirzoi

published_in: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78: 1081 (1991)

authors: García-Mend. & Ibarra-Manr.

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-dubius

scientific: Costus dubius

authorship: (Afzel.) K.Schum.

epithet: dubius

Costus afer var. maculatus

authorship: (Roscoe) Baker

Costus albus

authorship: A.Chev. ex Koechlin

Zingiber dubium

authorship: Afzel.

codes: ANG BKN BUR CMN CAF CON ZAI EQG GAB GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN LBR MLW MLI MOZ NGA SEN SIE SUD TAN TOG UGA

Angola

code: ANG

Burkina

code: BKN

region: West Tropical Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Liberia

code: LBR

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Nigeria

code: NGA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 93 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-elegans

scientific: Costus elegans

authorship: Veitch ex J.Dix

epithet: elegans

published_in: Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 1: 205 (1860)

preferred: stepladder ginger

Pyxa malortieana

authorship: (H.Wendl.) M.R.Almeida

codes: COS HON NIC

Costa Rica

code: COS

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 51 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Veitch ex J.Dix

published_in: Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 1: 205

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol COMA26

license: public domain

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-geothyrsus

scientific: Costus geothyrsus

epithet: geothyrsus

Ecuador

code: ECU

iucn_category: CR

label: Critically Endangered

published_in: Pflanzenr. 4, Fam. 46: 410

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: costus-glaucus

scientific: Costus glaucus

authorship: Maas

epithet: glaucus

codes: CLM COS NIC PAN

Colombia

code: CLM

Panamá

code: PAN

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

authors: Maas

published_in: Acta Bot. Neerl. 24: 470


slug: costus-guanaiensis

scientific: Costus guanaiensis

authorship: Rusby

epithet: guanaiensis

published_in: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 694 (1902)

preferred: cana de India

source: wikidata

Costus tarmicus

authorship: Loes.

codes: MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN CLM COS ECU GUA GUY NIC PAN PER PUE TRT VEN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Peru

code: PER

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 87 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Paban ko’konla
cana de India

value: subshrub


slug: costus-laevis

scientific: Costus laevis

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

epithet: laevis

Costus cylindricus var. pulcherrimus

authorship: (Kuntze) K.Schum.

Costus giganteus

authorship: Kuntze

Costus splendens

authorship: Donn.Sm. & Türckh.

codes: MXT MXS BLZ BOL CLM COS ECU GUA HON NIC PAN PER

Costa Rica

code: COS

names:
Caña agria
Caña agria azul

partners:
Euglossa
Eulaema polychroma

partners:
Cephaloleia dorsalis
Cephaloleia sallei

authors: Ruiz & Pav.

published_in: Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 1: 3


slug: costus-leucanthus

scientific: Costus leucanthus

epithet: leucanthus

codes: CLM ECU


slug: costus-lima

scientific: Costus lima

epithet: lima

Costus lima var. wedelianus

authorship: Woodson

codes: CLM COS ECU HON NIC PAN VEN

Honduras

code: HON

published_in: Pflanzenr. 4, Fam. 46: 388

reason: Only 10 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-montanus

scientific: Costus montanus

epithet: montanus

published_in: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 8: 119 (1972)

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 76 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. no. 8: 119, fig. 57

reason: Only 19 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-osae

scientific: Costus osae

authorship: Maas & H.Maas

epithet: osae

codes: CLM COS

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

names: 红头姜 红鞘闭鞘姜

authors: Maas & H.Maas

published_in: Brittonia 49: 277, fig

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-pictus

scientific: Costus pictus

epithet: pictus

Costus congestus

authorship: Rowlee

Costus mexicanus

authorship: Liebm.

Pyxa picta

authorship: (D.Don) S.R.Dutta & S.Yadav

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

El Salvador

code: ELS

Nicaragua

code: NIC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 295 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 纹瓣闭鞘姜 彩繪閉鞘薑

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 19: t. 1594


slug: costus-pulverulentus

scientific: Costus pulverulentus

epithet: pulverulentus

preferred: spiral ginger

Costus laxus

authorship: Petersen

Costus ruber

authorship: C.Wright ex Griseb.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT MXS BLZ CLM COS ECU GUA HON NIC PAN VEN VNA

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Panamá

code: PAN

Venezuelan Antilles

code: VNA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 631 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
spiral ginger
red cigar

names:
Caña brava
Caña de indio

names: 美叶姜 螺旋閉鞘薑

partners: Calophaena Oecophoridae

value: 5 m


slug: costus-scaber

scientific: Costus scaber

epithet: scaber

Costus anachiri

authorship: Jacq.

Costus ciliatus

authorship: Miq.

Costus cylindricus var. anachiri

authorship: (Jacq.) Petersen

Costus cylindricus var. ciliatus

authorship: (Miq.) Petersen

Costus quintus

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Costus scaberulus

authorship: Rich. ex Gagnep.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXT BOL BZN BZE BZC CLM COS DOM ECU FRG GUA GUY HAI HON NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN WIN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Guyana

code: GUY

Haiti

code: HAI

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 250 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Indian head ginger
Spiral head ginger

partners:
Anthracothorax nigricollis
Chionomesa fimbriata
Chrysuronia oenone
Glaucis hirsutus
Phaethornis bourcieri
Phaethornis hispidus
Phaethornis superciliosus
Threnetes leucurus

partners:
Amazona amazonica
Chiroxiphia pareola
Cnemotriccus fuscatus
Coereba flaveola
Colaptes rubiginosus
Cyanerpes cyaneus
Elaenia flavogaster
Euphonia violacea


slug: costus-spiralis

scientific: Costus spiralis

authorship: (Jacq.) Roscoe

epithet: spiralis

Amomum spirale

authorship: (Jacq.) Steud.

Costus pisonis

authorship: Lindl.

Costus spiralis var. jacquinii

authorship: Griseb.

Gissanthe spiralis

authorship: (Jacq.) Salisb.

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM FRG GUY PER SUR VEN

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Colombia

code: CLM

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 282 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 鳞甲姜 鱗甲閉鞘薑

names: Костус Вудсона

partners:
Chlorestes notata
Eupetomena cirrochloris
Glaucis hirsutus
NA NA
Phaethornis bourcieri
Phaethornis eurynome
Phaethornis guy
Phaethornis idaliae

partners:
Ramphodon naevius
Chlorestes notata
Eupetomena cirrochloris
Florisuga fusca
Glaucis hirsutus
Phaethornis bourcieri
Phaethornis eurynome
Phaethornis guy

partners:
Attila rufus
Chlorestes notata
Glaucis hirsutus
Phaethornis guy
Phaethornis longuemareus
Saucerottia tobaci
Tapirus terrestris

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens


slug: costus-sprucei

scientific: Costus sprucei

authorship: Maas

epithet: sprucei

published_in: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 8: 96 (1972)

published_in: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. no. 8: 96, fig. 44

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: costus-villosissimus

scientific: Costus villosissimus

epithet: villosissimus

preferred: spiral flag

Costus villosus

authorship: T.Jacks. ex J.Dix

codes: MXG MXE MXT CLM COS ECU FRG GUY HON JAM NIC PAN VEN WIN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Costa Rica

code: COS

Ecuador

code: ECU

Honduras

code: HON

Jamaica

code: JAM

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 69 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

authors: Jacq.

published_in: Fragm. Bot. 55


slug: costus-woodsonii

scientific: Costus woodsonii

epithet: woodsonii

published_in: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 8: 101 (1972)

preferred: Scarlet Spiral-Ginger

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 981 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Red Button Ginger
Scarlet spiral-ginger

names: 红闭鞘姜 紅閉鞘薑

names: Костус Вудсона

names: เอื้องหมายนาดอกแดง

partners:
Anthracothorax nigricollis
Anthreptes malacensis
Cinnyris ornatus
Elymnias hypermnestra
Vespa bicolor
Vespa velutina

label: Growth habit

source: USDA PLANTS

published_in: Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. no. 8: 101, fig. 47

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol COWO


slug: cota-amblyolepis

scientific: Cota amblyolepis

authorship: (Eig) Holub

genus: Cota

epithet: amblyolepis

published_in: Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 269 (1974)

Anthemis amblyolepis

authorship: Eig

Anthemis palaestina subsp. amblyolepis

authorship: (Eig) Feinbrun

codes: CYP EAI LBS PAL TUR

Cyprus

code: CYP

region: Western Asia

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Palestine

code: PAL

Türkiye

code: TUR

names: קחוון קטום-מוצים

source: GIFT

authors: (Eig) Holub

published_in: Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 269


slug: cota-austriaca

scientific: Cota austriaca

authorship: (Jacq.) Sch.Bip.

epithet: austriaca

published_in: Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 4: 155 (1854)

preferred: Austrian chamomile

Anacyclus austriacus

authorship: (Jacq.) Samp.

Anthemis austriaca f. latiloba

authorship: Thin

Anthemis cota

authorship: Savi ex DC.

Anthemis dentata

authorship: Moench

Anthemis hungarica

authorship: Hornem.

Anthemis hyrcana

authorship: Sosn. ex Grossh.

Anthemis maritima

authorship: Pall. ex M.Bieb.

Anthemis nigrescens

authorship: Vest

Anthemis pontica

authorship: d'Urv.

Anthemis requienii

authorship: Sch.Bip. ex Nyman

Anthemis retusa

authorship: Link ex Spreng.

Anthemis ruthenica

authorship: Sch.Bip. ex Schur

Chamaemelum austriacum

authorship: J.Presl & C.Presl

Chamaemelum cota

authorship: (L.) All.

Cota austriaca

authorship: (Jacq.) J.Gay

Cota cossoniana

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Willk. & Lange

codes: TUN IRN LBS NCS TCS TKM TUR ALB AUT BGM BUL CZE GER GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG POL POR ROM SWI TUE UKR

Tunisia

code: TUN

region: Northern Africa

Iran

code: IRN

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

region: Central Asia

Albania

code: ALB

continent: EUROPE

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Belgium

code: BGM

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

Krym

code: KRY

region: Eastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

region: Southwestern Europe

Romania

code: ROM

Switzerland

code: SWI

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 455 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Andrena amieti
Andrena denticulata
Andrena hesperia
Andrena humilis
Andrena livens
Andrena nigroolivacea
Andrena pellucens
Andrena polita

partners:
Brachycaudus cardui
Brachycaudus helichrysi
Brachycaudus lateralis
Cassida rufovirens
Cnephasia longana
Cnephasia pasiuana
Coleophora follicularis
Cucullia chamomillae


slug: cota-melanoloma

scientific: Cota melanoloma

authorship: (Trautv.) Holub

epithet: melanoloma

published_in: Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 270 (1974)

Anthemis abagensis

authorship: Fed.

Anthemis extrarosularis

authorship: Freyn

Anthemis macroglossa

authorship: Sommier & Levier

Anthemis melanoloma

authorship: Trautv.

Anthemis melanoloma subsp. trapezuntica

authorship: Grierson

Anthemis zyghia

authorship: Voronow

Cota zyghia

authorship: (Woronow) Holub

codes: NCS TCS TUR

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 47 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Пупавка темноокаймленная
Пупавка темноокамленная

label: Woodiness

label: Flowering months

value: Jul-Aug

authors: (Trautv.) Holub

published_in: Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 270


slug: cota-tinctoria

scientific: Cota tinctoria

authorship: (L.) J.Gay

epithet: tinctoria

preferred: Dyer's Chamomile

english:
Dyer's Chamomile
Golden Marguerite
golden chamomile

Anacyclus tinctorius

authorship: (L.) Samp.

Anthemis bulgarica

authorship: Thin

Anthemis caucasica

authorship: Henckel

Anthemis chrysantha

authorship: (Trautv.) Grossh.

authorship: Schur

authorship: (Trautv.) Sosn.

Anthemis coarctata

authorship: Sm.

Anthemis discoidea

authorship: (All.) Willd.

authorship: (All.) Vahl

Anthemis euxina

authorship: Boiss.

Anthemis gaudium-solis

authorship: Velen.

name: Anthemis gaudium-solis var. gaudium-solis

name: Anthemis gaudium-solis var. sancti-johannis

authorship: (Turrill) Hayek

Anthemis kelwayi

authorship: hort. ex L.H.Bailey & N.Taylor

Anthemis kochiana

authorship: Sosn. ex Grossh.

Anthemis pallescens

authorship: Heldr. ex Nyman

Anthemis parnassica

authorship: (Boiss. & Heldr.) R.Fernandes

authorship: (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman

Anthemis saguramica

authorship: Sosn.

Anthemis sancti-johannis

authorship: Stoj. & al.

Anthemis subtinctoria

authorship: Dobrocz.

Anthemis tinctoria

authorship: L.

Anthemis tinctoria subsp. discoidea

authorship: (All.) Arcang.

Anthemis tinctoria subsp. parnassica

authorship: (Boiss. & Heldr.) Franzén

Anthemis tinctoria subsp. subtinctoria

authorship: (Dobrocz.) Soó

authorship: (Dobrocz.) Smejkal

Anthemis tinctoria var. australis

authorship: (R.Fern.) Govaerts

Anthemis tinctoria var. discoidea

authorship: (All.) DC.

Anthemis tinctoria var. euxina

authorship: (Boiss.) Grierson

name: Anthemis tinctoria var. floribus-pallidis

Anthemis tinctoria var. goudium-solis

authorship: (Velen.) Govaerts

Anthemis tinctoria var. orientalis

authorship: Eig

Anthemis tinctoria var. pallida

authorship: DC.

Anthemis tinctoria var. sancti-johannis

authorship: (Stoj. & Turrill) Govaerts

Anthemis tinctoria var. subtinctoria

authorship: (Dobrocz.) Govaerts

Anthemis tinctoria var. virescens

authorship: Bornm.

Buphthalmum bipinnatum

authorship: Gilib.

Chamaemelum discoideum

authorship: All.

Chamaemelum tinctorium

authorship: (L.) Schreb.

Cota euxina

authorship: (Boiss.) Holub

Cota gaudium-solis

authorship: (Velen.) Holub

Cota meinkeana

authorship: (Rech.f.) Holub

Cota parnassica

authorship: Boiss. & Heldr.

Cota sancti-johannis

authorship: (Stoyanoff.Stefanoff & Turill) Holub

Cota tinctoria

authorship: (L.) J.Gay ex Guss.

Cota tinctoria var. gaudium-solis

authorship: (Velen.) Kuzmanov & Gussev

Cota tinctoria var. pallida

authorship: (DC.) Özbek & Vural

Cota virescens

authorship: (Bornm.) Özbek & Vural

codes: ALT BRY CTA EAI IRN IRQ IRK KAZ KGZ KRA LBS NCS PAL TCS TUR UZB WSB YAK JAW ALB AUT BLT BLR BGM BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG NET RUN RUW NOR POL ROM SAR SIC RUS SWE SWI TUE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

region: Siberia

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

East Aegean Is.

code: EAI

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1968 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
كوتا صبغية
أقحوان أصفر

names: Пупавка красильная

names:
Camomille jaune
anthémis des teinturiers

names: Роман фарбувальний

names: קחוון הצבעים

names: Ανθεμίς η βαφική

partners:
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus soroeensis
Cheilosia
Cheilosia vernalis
Colletes daviesanus
Halictus simplex
Heriades truncorum
Hylaeus communis

partners:
Agrodiaetus dolus
Anthaxia hungarica
Anthaxia lucens
Anthaxia millefolii
Anthidium manicatum
Anthrenus isabellinus
Anthrenus verbasci
Augochlora pura

partners:
Anthaxia millefolii
Anthrenus isabellinus
Clanoptilus marginellus
Deraeocoris ruber
Glyphipterix simpliciella
Golovinomyces macrocarpus
Lycaena phlaeas
Metopoplax ditomoides

partners:
Adelphocoris vandalicus
Anthaxia fulgurans
Anthaxia thalassophila
Calocoris roseomaculatus
Ceratina cyanea
Cerceris rybyensis
Closterotomus cinctipes
Cryptocephalus sericeus


slug: cotinus-coggygria

scientific: Cotinus coggygria

authorship: Scop.

genus: Cotinus

epithet: coggygria

family: Anacardiaceae

preferred: European smoketree

Cotinus cinerea

authorship: (Engl.) F.A.Barkley

Cotinus coggygria f. atropurpureus

authorship: (Burv.) Geerinck

Cotinus coggygria f. pendulus

authorship: (Burv.) C.K.Schneid.

Cotinus coggygria subsp. glabra

authorship: H.Kaur & M.Sharma

Cotinus coggygria var. cinereus

authorship: Engl.

Cotinus coggygria var. laevis

authorship: (Wall. ex G.Don) Engl.

Cotinus coggygria var. parvifolia

authorship: Beck

Cotinus coggygria var. pendulus

authorship: (Burv.) Dippel

Cotinus coriaria

authorship: Duhamel

Cotinus cotinus

authorship: (L.) Sarg.

Cotinus ellipticus

authorship: Raf.

Rhus cotinus

authorship: L.

Rhus laevis

authorship: Wall. ex G.Don

Rhus obovatifolia

authorship: Stokes

Rhus simplicifolia

authorship: Salisb.

Rhus velutina

authorship: Wall.

codes: CHN CHC CHS IRN KAZ LBS NCS CHT TCS TKM TUR EHM NEP PAK WHM ALB AUT BUL CZE FRA GRC HUN ITA KRI KRY YUG ROM RUS SWI TUE UKR

China North-Central

code: CHN

region: China

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

Tibet

code: CHT

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

East Himalaya

code: EHM

region: Indian Subcontinent

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2000 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Gewöhnlicher Perückenstrauch
Europäischer Perückenstrauch

names: Скумпія звичайна

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus hypnorum
Bombus lucorum
Hylaeus

partners:
Antaxius pedestris pedestris
Calophya rhois
Erysiphe quercicola
Simplimorpha promissa

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Anthaxia cichorii
Aphis fabae
Calophya rhois

partners:
Apotetrastichus sericothorax
Chrysocharis amanus
Erysiphe alphitoides
Eurytoma
Eusandalum flavipenne
Rhaphitelus maculatus

partners:
Erysiphe quercicola
Verticillium dahliae

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)


slug: cotinus-obovatus

scientific: Cotinus obovatus

epithet: obovatus

preferred: American smoketree

Cotinus americanus

authorship: Nutt.

Cotinus cotinoides

authorship: (Nutt. ex Chapm.) Britton

Rhus cotinoides

authorship: Chapm.

codes: ALA ARK GEO MSO OKL TEN TEX

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Georgia

code: GEO

Missouri

code: MSO

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Oklahoma

code: OKL

Tennessee

code: TEN

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 695 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
American smoketree
chittamwood

names: 美国黄栌 美國黃櫨

names:
Скумпия американская
Скумпия обратнояйцевидная

names:
Amerikanische Rauchbaum
amerikanischer Perückenstrauch

partners:
Datana perspicua
Hyalophora cecropia

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

label: Life cycle

authors: Raf.

published_in: Autik. Bot. 82


slug: cotoneaster-alaunicus

scientific: Cotoneaster alaunicus

authorship: Golitsin

genus: Cotoneaster

epithet: alaunicus

family: Rosaceae

published_in: Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.  1: 145 (1964)

Cotoneaster alaunicus subsp. mutabilis

authorship: Hrabětová

Pyrus alaunica

authorship: (Golitsin) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: NCS RUC RUS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Central European Russia

code: RUC

South European Russia

code: RUS

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 42 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кизильник алаунский

authors: Golitsin

published_in: Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1964, 145 (1964)


slug: cotoneaster-apiculatus

scientific: Cotoneaster apiculatus

authorship: Rehder & E.H.Wilson

epithet: apiculatus

preferred: Cranberry Cotoneaster

english:
Cranberry Cotoneaster
cranberry cotoneaster

Cotoneaster horizontalis var. robustus

authorship: van Nes

name: Cotoneaster rotundifolius var. tongolensis

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Rehder

Pyrus apiculata

authorship: (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus gansuana

authorship: M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHN CHC

China North-Central

code: CHN

China South-Central

code: CHC

names:
cranberry cotoneaster
Apiculate Cotoneaster

names: 細尖栒子 细尖栒子

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus
Hylaeus angustatus

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus

partners:
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Aphis fabae
Aphis pomi
Aphis spiraecola
Aporia crataegi
Archips crataegana

label: Growth form

value: Multiple Stem

label: Growth rate

value: rapid

label: Height

value: 2 m

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

label: Foliage colour

value: dark green

label: Flower colour

value: white

label: Bloom period

value: Mid Spring

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides


slug: cotoneaster-ascendens

scientific: Cotoneaster ascendens

authorship: Flinck & B.Hylmö

epithet: ascendens

Cotoneaster horizontalis f. ascendens

authorship: (Krüssm.) G.Klotz

name: Cotoneaster horizontalis unranked ascendens

authorship: Krüssm.

Cotoneaster wilsonii

authorship: (E.H.Wilson) H.P.Kelsey

Pyrus ascendens

authorship: (Flinck & B.Hylmö) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

authors: Flinck & B.Hylmö

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: cotoneaster-bullatus

scientific: Cotoneaster bullatus

authorship: Bois

epithet: bullatus

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. France  51(Sess. Jub. 2): cliii (1904)

preferred: hollyberry cotoneaster

Cotoneaster bullatus f. floribundus

authorship: (Stapf) Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Cotoneaster bullatus var. floribundus

authorship: (Stapf) L.T.Lu & Brach

Cotoneaster moupinensis

authorship: Stapf

Pyrus boisiana

authorship: (G.Klotz) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus bullatus

authorship: (Bois) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHC CHT

Tibet

code: CHT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 146 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 泡叶栒子 泡葉栒子

names: Кизильник пузырчатый

names:
Cotoneaster bulleux
Cotonéaster

names:
Grote boogcotoneaster
Rimpelige cotoneaster

names:
Buklet dværgmispel
Bulet dværgmispel

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Aglais io
Aglais urticae
Andrena afrensis
Andrena carantonica
Andrena flavipes
Andrena fulva
Andrena haemorrhoa
Andrena labialis

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Andrena flavipes
Andrena haemorrhoa
Andrena labialis
Andrena nigroaenea
Andrena wilkella
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pratorum

label: Eaten by

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser

value: shrub

value: woody

label: Life form

value: 4 m

value: perennial

value: May-Jun

label: Photosynthetic pathway

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

authors: Bois

published_in: Vilm. & Bois, Frut. Vilm. Cat. i. 119 (1904)


slug: cotoneaster-cinnabarinus

scientific: Cotoneaster cinnabarinus

authorship: Juz.

epithet: cinnabarinus

published_in: Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R.  13: 32 (1950)

codes: RUE RUN

East European Russia

code: RUE

North European Russia

code: RUN

names:
Common Cotoneaster
wild cotoneaster

names:
Кизильник цельнокрайний
Кизильник цельнокрайный

names: Cotonéaster commun, Cotonéaster sauvage, Cotonéaster vulgaire

names: Кизильник цілокраїй

names:
oxbär
rött oxbär

names: dvergmispel svenskemispel

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: Juz.


slug: cotoneaster-coriaceus

scientific: Cotoneaster coriaceus

authorship: Franch.

epithet: coriaceus

preferred: milkflower cotoneaster

source: usda

Pyrus coriacea

authorship: (Franch.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus lactea

authorship: (W.W.Sm.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHC CHT MYA

Myanmar

code: MYA

region: Indo-China

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1458 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 马蝗果 厚叶栒子

names: Кизильник млечный

names: Cotonéaster coriace, Cotonéaster laiteux

partners:
Anthrenus verbasci
Apis
Apis mellifera
Bombus
Bombus sylvestris
Bombus terrestris
Cetonia aurataeformis
Cteniopus sulphureus

partners:
Anacridium aegyptium
Apis mellifera
Myathropa florea

label: Parasites

value: phanerophyte

value: 3 m

value: evergreen

authors: Franch.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol COLA18


slug: cotoneaster-dielsianus

scientific: Cotoneaster dielsianus

epithet: dielsianus

preferred: Diels' cotoneaster

Cotoneaster applanatus

authorship: Duthie ex J.H.Veitch

Cotoneaster dielsianus var. elegans

authorship: Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Cotoneaster elegans

authorship: (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö

Pyrus dielsiana

authorship: (E.Pritz.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus elegans

authorship: (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

names:
Diels' cotoneaster
Diel's Cotoneaster

names: 木帚栒子 木帚子

names: Кизильник Дильса

names:
Diels Zwergmispel
Diels-Zwergmispel

names:
Cotoneaster de Diels
cotonéaster de Diels

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Bombus pratorum
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus pratorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus sylvestris

label: Growth habit

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: E.Pritz. ex Diels

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cotoneaster-divaricatus

scientific: Cotoneaster divaricatus

epithet: divaricatus

preferred: spreading cotoneaster

codes: CHN CHC CHS CHT CHX

China Southeast

code: CHS

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 847 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
spreading cotoneaster
stretch-fruit cotoneaster

names: 散生栒子 张枝栒子

names: Кизильник растопыренный

names:
Gespreizte Zwergmispel
Sparrige Steinmispel

names:
/
Cotoneaster divarique

names:
spärrgrenigt oxbär
spärroxbär

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Bombus hypnorum
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus hypnorum
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus

label: Woodiness

authors: Rehder & E.H.Wilson


slug: cotoneaster-franchetii

scientific: Cotoneaster franchetii

epithet: franchetii

preferred: orange cotoneaster

Cotoneaster cinerascens

authorship: (Rehder) Flinck & B.Hylmö

Cotoneaster franchetii var. cinerascens

authorship: Rehder

Cotoneaster wardii

authorship: Anon.

Pyrus cinerascens

authorship: (Rehder) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus klotzii

authorship: M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHC CHT MYA THA

Thailand

code: THA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 820 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
orange cotoneaster
Franchet cotoneaster

names: 马蝗果 西南栒子

names: Кизильник Франше

names:
Cotoneaster de Franchet
Cotonéaster de Franchet

names:
Franchets cotoneaster
Witte boogcotoneaster

names: חבושית פרנשט

names:
Gewone Dwergmispel
Oranje Cotoneastera

partners:
Bombus pratorum
Bombus terrestris
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Andrena milwaukeensis
Andrena nivalis
Andrena salicifloris
Apis mellifera

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus pratorum
Bombus terrestris
Bombus lapidarius
Bombus pascuorum
Formica fusca
Bombus hypnorum
Bombus lucorum

label: Visited by

partners:
Turdus merula
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Agrilus graecus
Agrilus roscidus
Aphis fabae
Aphis pomi

value: 6 m


slug: cotoneaster-frigidus

scientific: Cotoneaster frigidus

authorship: Wall. ex Lindl.

epithet: frigidus

Cotoneaster affinis

authorship: Zabel

Cotoneaster frigidus f. aldenhamensis

authorship: (V.Gibbs ex Bean) Rehder

Cotoneaster frigidus f. fructu-luteo

authorship: (Bean) Rehder

Cotoneaster frigidus f. vicarii

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Rehder

Cotoneaster frigidus var. aldenhamensis

authorship: V.Gibbs ex Bean

Cotoneaster frigidus var. fructu-luteo

authorship: Bean

Mespilus frigida

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) Ohlend.

Pyrus frigida

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHT EHM MYA NEP WHM

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Nepal

code: NEP

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pratorum
Bombus terrestris
Syritta pipiens

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus pratorum
Bombus terrestris
Bombus sylvestris
Syritta pipiens

value: tree

value: 5 m

label: Life cycle

authors: Wall.

published_in: Numer. List n. 657. 1829; et Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1229


slug: cotoneaster-glaucophyllus

scientific: Cotoneaster glaucophyllus

authorship: Franch.

epithet: glaucophyllus

Cotoneaster glaucophyllus f. serotinus

authorship: (Hutch.) Stapf

Cotoneaster meiophyllus

authorship: (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz

Cotoneaster serotinus

authorship: Hutch.

Cotoneaster vestitus

authorship: (W.W.Sm.) Flinck & B.Hylmö

Pyrus arbuscula

authorship: (G.Klotz) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus glaucophylla

authorship: (Franch.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus meiophylla

authorship: (W.W.Sm.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHC CHS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 905 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bright bead cotoneaster
Glaucous Cotoneaster

names:
粉叶栒子
fen ye xun zi

names: Кизильник сизолистный

partners:
Callocephalon fimbriatum
Callosciurus erythraeus
Platycercus elegans flaveolus


slug: cotoneaster-hjelmqvistii

scientific: Cotoneaster hjelmqvistii

authorship: Flinck & B.Hylmö

epithet: hjelmqvistii

Cotoneaster horizontalis var. robustus

authorship: V.van Nes

Pyrus hjelmqvistii

authorship: (Flinck & B.Hylmö) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 328 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Кизильник Хьелмквиста

names: / Cotonéaster

names:
Hjelmqvists' cotoneaster
Ronde cotoneaster

names: hjelmquistmispel tyttebærmispel

names: tyttebærmispel hjelmquistmispel


slug: cotoneaster-horizontalis

scientific: Cotoneaster horizontalis

authorship: Decne.

epithet: horizontalis

preferred: rockspray cotoneaster

name: Cotoneaster acuminatus unranked prostratus

authorship: Hook.f. ex Wenz.

Cotoneaster acuminatus var. prostratus

authorship: Hook. ex Decne.

Cotoneaster atrovirens

authorship: J.Fryer & B.Hylmö

Cotoneaster davidianus

authorship: Dippel

authorship: hort.

Cotoneaster horizontalis f. variegatus

authorship: (Osborn) Rehder

name: Cotoneaster horizontalis var. horizontalis

name: Cotoneaster horizontalis var. perpusillus

name: Cotoneaster horizontalis var. variegatus

authorship: Osborn

Cotoneaster microphyllus

authorship: Diels

Cotoneaster perpusillus

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) G.Klotz

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Flinck & B.Hylmö

Cotoneaster symonsii

authorship: Loudon ex Koehne

Pyrus atroramosa

authorship: M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus atrovirens

authorship: (J.Fryer & B.Hylmö) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus horizontalis

authorship: (Decne.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus perpusilla

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHN CHC CHS TAI

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1517 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
rockspray cotoneaster
Purple-flowered Cotoneaster

names: 地红子 小葉栒子

names: Кизильник горизонтальный

names: Fächer-Zwergmispel Faecher-Steinmispel

names:
Cotoneaster horizontal
Cotonéaster horizontal

names:
Cotognastro orizzontale
Cotognastro prostrato

names: Ірга горизонтальна

names:
lingonoxbär
mörkt lingonoxbär

names:
skalník rozprostřený
skalník rozprestretý

names:
Guls
Gulsčiasis kaulenis

partners:
Bombus pratorum
Apis mellifera
Bombus lucorum
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus cryptarum
Bombus hypnorum
Formica fusca
Plebejus argus

partners:
Bombycilla cedrorum
Turdus migratorius

partners:
Aporia crataegi
Erithacus rubecula
Acanthis flammea
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca

label: Growth form

value: Thicket Forming

value: rapid

published_in: Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. Ser. II, xii. (1877) 168

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cotoneaster-integerrimus

scientific: Cotoneaster integerrimus

authorship: Medik.

epithet: integerrimus

preferred: Common Cotoneaster

english:
Common Cotoneaster
cotoneaster
wild cotoneaster

Cotoneaster canescens

authorship: Vestergr. ex B.Hylmö

Cotoneaster cotoneaster

authorship: (L.) H.Karst.

name: Cotoneaster cotoneaster subvar. borealis

authorship: (Dippel) Asch. & Graebn.

name: Cotoneaster cotoneaster subvar. depressus

authorship: (Fr.) Asch. & Graebn.

name: Cotoneaster cotoneaster subvar. intermedius

authorship: (Regel) Asch. & Graebn.

name: Cotoneaster cotoneaster subvar. leucocarpus

authorship: (M.Roem.) Asch. & Graebn.

Cotoneaster humilis

authorship: Dunn

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus f. fructo-nigro

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus f. fructo-rubro

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus subsp. masclansii

authorship: J.M.Monts. & Romo

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. erythrocarpus

authorship: (Bunge) Krylov

authorship: (Ledeb.) Krylov

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. intermedius

authorship: (Regel) C.K.Schneid.

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. leucocarpus

authorship: (M.Roem.) C.K.Schneid.

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. masclansii

authorship: (J.M.Monts. & Romo) Rivas Mart. & M.J.Costa

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. parvifrons

authorship: Borbás

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. prostratus

authorship: Sennen

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. pyrenaicus

authorship: (Gand.) Rivas Mart. & M.J.Costa

Cotoneaster integerrimus var. vulgaris

authorship: (Lindl.) Fiori

Cotoneaster intermedius

authorship: Medik. ex Trautv.

Cotoneaster juranus

authorship: Gand.

Cotoneaster mamajevii

authorship: Knjaz.

Cotoneaster vulgaris

authorship: Lindl.

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. depressus

authorship: (Fr.) DC.

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. erythrocarpus

authorship: Bunge

authorship: Ledeb.

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. glabrus

authorship: Vis.

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. intermedius

authorship: Regel

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. luteus

authorship: Fr.

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. macrophyllus

authorship: Vacc.

Cotoneaster vulgaris var. minutifolius

authorship: Zabel

Crataegus cotoneaster

authorship: (L.) Borkh.

Gymnopyrenium vulgare

authorship: (Lindl.) Dulac

Mespilus cotoneaster

authorship: L.

Mespilus cotoneaster var. lutea

authorship: Wahlenb.

Mespilus integerrima

authorship: (Medik.) Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don

Ostinia cotoneaster

authorship: (L.) Clairv.

Pyrus cotoneaster

authorship: (L.) Moench

Pyrus humilis

authorship: (Dunn) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus jurana

authorship: (Gand.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus kaganensis

authorship: (G.Klotz) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus kullensis

authorship: (B.Hylmö) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus mamajevii

authorship: (Knjaz.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: AFG CHN CHI KGZ KOR CHM NCS CHQ TCS TUR CHX PAK WHM ALB AUT BLT BGM BUL RUC COR CZE DEN RUE FIN FRA GER GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG RUW NOR POL ROM SPA SWE SWI

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 833 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Кизильник цельнокрайный
Кизильник цельнокрайний

names:
Gewöhnliche Steinmispel
Gewöhnliche Zwergmispel

names: Кизильник цілокраїй

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus
Hylaeus angustatus

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Bombus ternarius
Bombus vagans
Cetonia aurata
Dolichovespula norvegicoides
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus

partners:
Stigmella hybnerella
Stigmella mespilicola
Stigmella sorbi
Acanthis flammea
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Agonopterix cotoneastri

quote: Cotoneaster is a multi-branched shrub with a broad crown.

quote: Leaves are simple, alternate, broadly ovate to almost circular, 2 to 4 cm long and 1 to 3 cm wide.

quote: The flowers are pinkish-white and approximately 8 mm in diameter.

value: Cotoneaster blooms in May and June and sets fruit in August and September.


slug: cotoneaster-integrifolius

scientific: Cotoneaster integrifolius

authorship: (Roxb.) G.Klotz

epithet: integrifolius

published_in: Wiss. Z. Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe  12: 779 (1963)

Cotoneaster brevirameus

authorship: Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Cotoneaster buxifolius var. lanatus

authorship: (Ed.Otto) Zabel

Cotoneaster buxifolius var. marginatus

authorship: Loudon

Cotoneaster linearifolius

authorship: (G.Klotz) G.Klotz

Cotoneaster marginatus

authorship: (Loudon) Schltdl.

Cotoneaster microphyllus

authorship: Lodd.

Cotoneaster microphyllus f. lanatus

authorship: Dippel

name: Cotoneaster microphyllus f. linearifolius

Cotoneaster microphyllus f. thymifolius

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) Zamyatnin

name: Cotoneaster microphyllus var. conspicuus

authorship: Messel

name: Cotoneaster microphyllus var. thymifolius

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) Koehne

Cotoneaster prostratus

authorship: Baker

Cotoneaster pyrenaicus

authorship: Rehder

Cotoneaster rotundifolius var. lanatus

authorship: (Ed.Otto) C.K.Schneid.

Cotoneaster symondsii

authorship: Standish ex J.Dix

Cotoneaster thymifolius

authorship: Wall. ex Lindl.

authorship: Hort ex Loudon

Crataegus integrifolia

authorship: Roxb.

Pyrus asterope

authorship: M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus breviramea

authorship: (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus prostrata

authorship: (Baker) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus symondsii

authorship: (Standish ex J.Dix) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus thymifolia

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHC CHT ASS EHM MYA NEP WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

names:
Entire-leaved Cotoneaster
Fringed Cotoneaster

names:
Cotoneaster a feuilles de thym
Cotonéaster à feuilles entières

names:
cotoneaster cyfanddail
Cotoneaster Dail Bach

partners:
Vanessa itea
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Cetonia aurata
Eristalis tenax
Halictus leucaheneus
Halictus subauratus
Hylaeus alpinus

partners:
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Aglais caschmirensis
Aphis fabae
Aphis pomi
Aphis spiraecola
Aporia crataegi

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: (Roxb.) G.Klotz

published_in: Wiss. Z. Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe xii. (Neue oder Krit. Coton.-Art.) 779 (1963)

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: cotoneaster-konishii

scientific: Cotoneaster konishii

authorship: Hayata

epithet: konishii

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan.  3: 100 (1913)

Pyrus konishii

authorship: (Hayata) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

names: 臺灣舖地蜈蚣 台灣舖地蜈蚣

authors: Hayata

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 100


slug: cotoneaster-laxiflorus

scientific: Cotoneaster laxiflorus

authorship: J.Jacq. ex Lindl.

epithet: laxiflorus

preferred: dark-fruited cotoneaster

Cotoneaster alaunicus f. oxyphyllus

authorship: (Borbás) Soó

Cotoneaster alaunicus var. sitnensis

authorship: Hrabětová

Cotoneaster commixtus

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) Flinck & B.Hylmö

Cotoneaster cotoneaster var. oxyphyllus

authorship: Borbás

name: Cotoneaster cotoneaster var. pluriflorus

Cotoneaster integerrimus var. matrensis

authorship: (Domokos) Soó

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. melanocarpus

authorship: (Bunge) Krylov

Cotoneaster laxiflorus

authorship: Hook.

Cotoneaster matrensis

authorship: Domokos

Cotoneaster melanocarpus

authorship: Fisch. ex Blytt

name: Cotoneaster melanocarpus prol. laxiflorus

authorship: (J.Jacq. ex Lindl.) Asch. & Graebn.

name: Cotoneaster melanocarpus subsp. moravicus

name: Cotoneaster melanocarpus var. daghestanicus

authorship: (Zinserl.) Gladkova

name: Cotoneaster melanocarpus var. laxiflorus

authorship: (J.Jacq. ex Lindl.) C.K.Schneid.

Cotoneaster niger

authorship: Regel

Cotoneaster niger unranked laxiflorus

authorship: (J.Jacq. ex Lindl.) Koehne

Cotoneaster niger var. daghestanicus

authorship: Zinserl.

Cotoneaster niger var. laxiflorus

authorship: (J.Jacq. ex Lindl.) Zabel

Cotoneaster polonicus

authorship: Jastrz. ex Rostaf.

Cotoneaster rannensis

authorship: B.Hylmö & J.Fryer

Cotoneaster vulgaris

authorship: Bunge

Mespilus cotoneaster unranked nigra

authorship: Thunb.

Pyrus laxiflora

authorship: (J.Jacq. ex Lindl.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus rannensis

authorship: (B.Hylmö & J.Fryer) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: ALT AMU BRY CHN CTA CHI IRK KAZ KHA KGZ KRA MAG CHM MON PRM TZK TVA TUR WSB CHX YAK BLT BLR BUL RUC CZE DEN RUE FIN HUN KRY YUG RUN RUW NOR POL ROM RUS SWE UKR

Altay

code: ALT

Amur

code: AMU

region: Russian Far East

Buryatiya

code: BRY

China North-Central

code: CHN

Chita

code: CTA

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

Magadan

code: MAG

Mongolia

code: MON

region: Mongolia

Primorye

code: PRM

Tadzhikistan

code: TZK

Tuva

code: TVA

West Siberia

code: WSB

Xinjiang

code: CHX

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1977 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
black-fruit cotoneaster
dark-seed cotoneaster

names:
Schwarzfrüchtige Zwergmispel
schwarze Zwergmispel

reason: Only 26 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: cotoneaster-microphyllus

scientific: Cotoneaster microphyllus

authorship: Wall. ex Lindl.

epithet: microphyllus

Cotoneaster astrophoros

authorship: J.Fryer & E.C.Nelson

Cotoneaster buxifolius f. melanotrichus

authorship: Franch.

Cotoneaster buxifolius var. vellaeus

authorship: (Franch.) G.Klotz

Cotoneaster emarginatus

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Schltdl.

authorship: Hoffmanns. ex Schldtl.

Cotoneaster glacialis

authorship: (Hook.f. ex Wenz.) Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar

Cotoneaster microphyllus

authorship: Wall.

name: Cotoneaster microphyllus f. melanotrichus

authorship: (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz.

Cotoneaster microphyllus var. glacialis

authorship: Hook.f. ex Wenz.

name: Cotoneaster microphyllus var. melanotrichus

authorship: (Franch.) Rehder

name: Cotoneaster microphyllus var. microphyllus

Cotoneaster microphyllus var. vellaeus

authorship: (Franch.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Cotoneaster nivalis

authorship: (G.Klotz) Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar

Mespilus microphylla

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) Ohlend.

Pyrus astrophora

authorship: (J.Fryer & E.C.Nelson) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus cashmiriensis

authorship: (G.Klotz) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus glacialis

authorship: (Hook.f. ex Wenz.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus melanotricha

authorship: (Franch.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus microphylla

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: CHC CHT ASS EHM IND MYA NEP PAK WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

climate: subalpine or subarctic

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 147 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Small-Leaved Cotoneaster
small-leaf cotoneaster

names: 黑牛筋 小叶栒子

names:
Kleinblaettrige Zwergmispel
Kleinblättrige Zwergmispel

names:
Cotoneaster a petites feuilles
Cotonéaster à petite feuille

partners:
Aglais io
Andrena afrensis
Bombus pratorum
Bombus terrestris
Calliphora vicina
Cetonia aurata
Dolichovespula norwegica
Eristalis tenax

partners:
Bombus pratorum
Calliphora vicina
Dolichovespula norwegica
Platycheirus manicatus
Siphona geniculata
Syritta pipiens
Syrphus vitripennis
Aglais io

partners:
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Acleris holmiana
Acronicta psi
Aphis fabae
Aphis pomi
Aphis spiraecola
Aporia crataegi
Archips crataegana

value: 1 m

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: cotoneaster-morrisonensis

scientific: Cotoneaster morrisonensis

authorship: Hayata

epithet: morrisonensis

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan.  5: 62 (1915)

Pyrus morrisonensis

authorship: (Hayata) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Taiwan

code: TAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 214 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 台湾栒子 玉山舖地蜈蚣

published_in: Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 62


slug: cotoneaster-multiflorus

scientific: Cotoneaster multiflorus

authorship: Bunge

epithet: multiflorus

preferred: cotoneaster

Cotoneaster borealichinensis

authorship: (Hurus.) Hurus.

name: Cotoneaster multiflorus var. borealichinensis

authorship: Hurus.

Cotoneaster reflexus

authorship: Carrière

Cotoneaster wilsonii

authorship: Nakai

Pyrus borealichinensis

authorship: (Hurus.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus multiflora

authorship: (Bunge) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus reflexa

authorship: (Carrière) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus wilsonii

authorship: (Nakai) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: AFG ALT CHN CHC CHS CHI KAZ KGZ KOR CHM CHQ TZK CHT TCS TKM TUR UZB CHX WHM TUE

Afghanistan

code: AFG

region: Western Asia

Altay

code: ALT

China North-Central

code: CHN

China Southeast

code: CHS

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

Kirgizstan

code: KGZ

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Qinghai

code: CHQ

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

Uzbekistan

code: UZB

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

names:
cotoneaster
Mnay-Flowered Cotoneaster

names: 水栒子 耐冬果

names: Кизильник многоцветковый

names:
Vielblütige Steinmispel
Vielblütige Zwergmispel

names:
Cotonéster à fleurs nombreuses
cotonéaster multiflore

names: Кизильник багатоквітковий

names: blomemispel blomstermispel


slug: cotoneaster-nitens

scientific: Cotoneaster nitens

authorship: Rehder & E.H.Wilson

epithet: nitens

preferred: few-flowered cotoneaster

Cotoneaster harrysmithii

authorship: Flinck & B.Hylmö

Pyrus harrysmithii

authorship: (Flinck & B.Hylmö) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus nitens

authorship: (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

China South-Central

code: CHC

Tibet

code: CHT

names:
Few-Flowered Cotoneaster
Kokonor cotoneaster

names: 光泽栒子 亮叶栒子

value: 2 m

value: deciduous

published_in: Pl. Wilson. (Sargent) 1(2): 156

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol CONI12


slug: cotoneaster-nummularius

scientific: Cotoneaster nummularius

authorship: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

epithet: nummularius

published_in: Index Seminum [St.Petersburg (Petropolitanus)] ii. 34.

Cotoneaster creticus

authorship: J.Fryer & B.Hylmö

Cotoneaster discolor

authorship: Pojark.

Cotoneaster fontanesii var. nummularius

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Regel

name: Cotoneaster integerrimus var. nummularius

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Fiori

Cotoneaster nummularius subvar. meyeri

authorship: (Zabel) Asch. & Graebn.

name: Cotoneaster nummularius unranked microphyllus

authorship: Fenzl ex Wenz.

name: Cotoneaster nummularius var. ovalifolius

Cotoneaster nummularius var. songoricus

authorship: Bunge ex Popov

Cotoneaster nummularius var. tomentosus

authorship: Aitch.

Cotoneaster nummularius var. typicus

authorship: Koehne

Cotoneaster racemiflorus var. meyeri

authorship: Zabel

name: Cotoneaster racemiflorus var. nummularius

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Dippel

name: Cotoneaster racemiflorus var. subuniflorus

authorship: Kitam.

Cotoneaster subuniflorus

authorship: (Kitam.) G.Klotz

Mespilus tomentosa

authorship: Hohen.

Pyrus afghanica

authorship: (G.Klotz) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus heracleotica

authorship: M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus nummularia

authorship: (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus subuniflora

authorship: (Kitam.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

codes: AFG IRN PAK WHM

Afghanistan

code: AFG

Iran

code: IRN

Pakistan

code: PAK

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 70 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

value: woody

label: Flowering months

value: Jun-Jul

authors: Fisch. & C.A.Mey.


slug: cotoneaster-pannosus

scientific: Cotoneaster pannosus

authorship: Franch.

epithet: pannosus

preferred: silverleaf cotoneaster

Cotoneaster robustior

authorship: (W.W.Sm.) Flinck & B.Hylmö

Pyrus pannona

authorship: (Franch.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

Pyrus vernae

authorship: (C.K.Schneid.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 884 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
silverleaf cotoneaster
Silver-Leaf Cotoneaster

names:
毡毛栒子
zhan mao xun zi

names:
Cotonéaster
Cotonéaster pelucheux

partners:
Apis mellifera
Bombus pascuorum
Bombus sylvestris
Calliphora vicina
Eristalinus taeniops
Megachile rotundata
Syritta pipiens
Volucella zonaria

partners:
Apis mellifera
Xylocopa sonorina

partners:
Apis mellifera
Battus philenor hirsuta
Bombus melanopygus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Callocephalon fimbriatum
Danaus plexippus
Halictus farinosus
Harmonia axyridis

label: Height

value: perennial

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides