slug: vallesia-glabra

scientific: Vallesia glabra

authorship: (Cav.) Link

genus: Vallesia

epithet: glabra

published_in: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 207 (1821)

preferred: Pearlberry

english: Pearlberry pearlberry tearshrub

Rauvolfia glabra

authorship: Cav.

Vallesia cymbifolia

authorship: Ortega

Vallesia inedita

authorship: Guib.

Vallesia punctata

authorship: Spreng.

codes: MXG MXE MXN MXS AGE AGW BOL BZN CLM PAR PER

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Brazil North

code: BZN

region: Brazil

Paraguay

code: PAR

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1028 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: pearlberry tearshrub

names: frutilla peralillo

partners:
Camarhynchus pallidus
Camarhynchus parvulus
Camarhynchus psittacula
Certhidea fusca
Certhidea olivacea
Chelonoidis niger chathamensis
Coccyzus melacoryphus
Crotophaga ani

value: shrub

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

value: woody

value: nanophanerophyte


slug: vallisneria-americana

scientific: Vallisneria americana

authorship: Michx.

genus: Vallisneria

epithet: americana

family: Hydrocharitaceae

rank: species

taxonomic_status: accepted

accepted_according_to: World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06

preferred: American eelgrass

source: wikidata

Vallisneria spiralis var. americana

authorship: (Michx.) Torr.

note: Full per-image metadata (photographer, licence, licence URL, attribution, derivative restrictions and image URLs) is on the per-species JSON at per_image_metadata_url. Each image is licensed individually; this bulk file omits the per-image matrix to stay small and cleanly licensed.

scheme: TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

license: CC BY 3.0

excludes: introduced extinct location_doubtful

codes: CNT DEL WDC ILL INI IOW KTY MAI MAN MRY MAS MIC MIN MSO MNT NEV NBR NWH NWJ NWM NWY NCA NSC OHI ONT ORE PEN QUE RHO SCA SDA TEN VER VRG WAS WVA WIS

Connecticut

code: CNT

continent: NORTHERN AMERICA

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Delaware

code: DEL

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

District of Columbia

code: WDC

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

Iowa

code: IOW

Kentucky

code: KTY

Maine

code: MAI

Manitoba

code: MAN

region: Western Canada

Maryland

code: MRY

Massachusetts

code: MAS

Michigan

code: MIC

Minnesota

code: MIN

Missouri

code: MSO

Montana

code: MNT

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Nevada

code: NEV

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

New Brunswick

code: NBR

region: Eastern Canada

New Hampshire

code: NWH

New Jersey

code: NWJ

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

New York

code: NWY

North Carolina

code: NCA

Nova Scotia

code: NSC

Ohio

code: OHI

Ontario

code: ONT

Oregon

code: ORE

Pennsylvania

code: PEN

Québec

code: QUE

Rhode I.

code: RHO

min_temp_coldest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)

max_temp_warmest_month_c: degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

citation: Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1440 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

hardiness_zone_note: min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other.

model: Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

note: Categories in which this species is recorded as a useful plant. A record of use, not a recommendation, a dose or a safety claim.

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

license: CC0 (Wikidata); IUCN category is a factual label

names: Валлиснерия американская

names:
herbe à la barbotte
vallisnérie d'Amérique

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

partners:
Parapoynx obscuralis
Anseriformes
Aythya marila
Aythya valisineria
Callinectes sapidus
Cygnus olor
Gallinula galeata
Hydrellia gladiator

note: Species recorded interacting with this plant in the wild, aggregated across many source datasets by GloBI. Provenance is asserted at the GloBI aggregate level, not per partner, and partners are the most frequently recorded per interaction type.

name: GIFT (Global Inventory of Floras and Traits)

EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo)

license: Per record: CC0 / CC BY 4.0 / public domain only

name: Traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

license: per source (public domain, CC BY 4.0, CC0)

note: Structured growth characteristics merged from four open sources (USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank via Zenodo) plus traits mined from public-domain USDA NRCS guides. A documented record, not care advice. Each value keeps every source that reported it; a value marked extracted:true was read from prose, carries a verbatim quote and source_url, and has no structured source corroborating it.

note: The protologue citation: who published the name, in which work and year, and the IPNI record it resolves to. This is naming provenance, not a description.

World Flora Online Plant List

note: accepted name, authority, classification

iNaturalist

note: photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only

Wikidata

note: common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)

note: native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

note: This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew).


slug: vallisneria-australis

scientific: Vallisneria australis

authorship: S.W.L.Jacobs & Les

epithet: australis

Vallisneria spiralis var. procera

authorship: Rodway

codes: NSW QLD SOA TAS VIC WAU

New South Wales

code: NSW

continent: AUSTRALASIA

region: Australia

Queensland

code: QLD

South Australia

code: SOA

Tasmania

code: TAS

Victoria

code: VIC

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: hydroperennial

climate: subtropical

mean_annual_temp_c: degrees Celsius

annual_precip_mm: millimetres per year

precip_driest_quarter_mm: millimetres in the driest quarter

occurrences: iNaturalist Research-grade Observations

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 82 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: オーストラリアセキショウモ

license: CC0 / per-source

label: Growth habit

category: Form and habit

value: herb

source: GIFT

license: CC-BY 4.0

key: woodiness

label: Woodiness

value: non-woody

label: Life form

value: hemicryptophyte

label: Life cycle

category: Life cycle

value: perennial

USDA PLANTS Database

license: Public domain (US Government work)

license: CC BY 4.0

authors: S.W.L.Jacobs & Les

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

iNaturalist

license: per photograph

name: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

field: care

field: toxicity

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

field: phenology

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.

data: CC BY 4.0


slug: vallisneria-spiralis

scientific: Vallisneria spiralis

authorship: L.

epithet: spiralis

preferred: Tapegrass

english:
Tapegrass
eelgrass
straight vallis
tape grass
tapegrass

Vallisneria aethiopica

authorship: Fenzl

Vallisneria jacquinii

authorship: Savi

Vallisneria linnet

authorship: Bercht. & J.Presl

Vallisneria numidica

authorship: Pomel

Vallisneria pusilla

authorship: Barbieri ex Bertol.

Vallisneria spiralis f. aethiopica

authorship: (Fenzl) T.Durand & Schinz

Vallisneria spiralis subvar. jacquinii

authorship: (Savi) Nyman

Vallisneria spiralis var. numidica

authorship: (Pomel) Maire & Weiller

Vallisneria spiralis var. pusilla

authorship: (Barbieri ex Bertol.) Nyman

codes: ALG BOT BUR CPV CAF CHA CON ZAI EGY EQG ETH GHA KEN NAT MLW MLI MOZ NAM NGA RWA SEN SIE SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM AFG IRN IRQ KAZ KGZ LBS NCS PAL TZK TKM TUR UZB WSB ASS BAN IND MYA PAK SRL THA WHM BUL FRA GRC ITA YUG POR ROM RUS SWI TUE UKR

Algeria

code: ALG

continent: AFRICA

region: Northern Africa

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Burundi

code: BUR

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Egypt

code: EGY

Equatorial Guinea

code: EQG

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Ghana

code: GHA

region: West Tropical Africa

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mali

code: MLI

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Namibia

code: NAM

Nigeria

code: NGA

Rwanda

code: RWA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 174 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: فاليسناريا سبيراليس

names: Валлиснерия спиральная

names: Валіснерія спіральна

names: וליסנריה סלולה

names:
Közönséges csavarhínár
óriás csavarhínár

partners:
Cygnus columbianus
Anser cygnoides
Aythya marila
Coptodon rendalli
Leucogeranus leucogeranus
Lymnaea stagnalis
Tilapia rendalli

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vancouveria-chrysantha

scientific: Vancouveria chrysantha

authorship: Greene

genus: Vancouveria

epithet: chrysantha

family: Berberidaceae

published_in: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci.  1: 66 (1885)

preferred: golden insideout flower

Epimedium chrysanthum

authorship: (Greene) Kom.

Vancouveria hexandra var. chrysantha

authorship: (Greene) Greene

codes: CAL ORE

California

code: CAL

Oregon

code: ORE

lifeform: rhizomatous geophyte

climate: temperate

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 75 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
golden insideout flower
Siskiyou inside-out flower

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

license: Public domain (U.S. Government work)

authors: Greene

published_in: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1(3): 66


slug: vancouveria-hexandra

scientific: Vancouveria hexandra

authorship: C.Morren & Decne.

epithet: hexandra

preferred: White inside-out-flower

english:
White inside-out-flower
white inside-out-flower
white insideout flower

Caulophyllum gracile

authorship: Douglas ex Hook.

Epimedium hexandrum

authorship: Hook.

Sculeria geminata

authorship: Raf.

codes: CAL ORE WAS

Washington

code: WAS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2004 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Icariin

activities: Antihepatotoxic Hypotensive

source: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database

note: A snapshot of the reported literature 1992-2016, not a current assay. An activity is attributed to the compound in that literature; it is not a claim about the plant.

names: Ванкуверия шеститычинковая

names: vancouveria vrengeblom

names: vrengjeblom vancouveria

type: flowerVisitedBy

label: Flower-visited by

partners:
Bombus mixtus
Trichodezia californiata
Bombus flavifrons
Bombus sitkensis

type: eatenBy

label: Eaten by

source: Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)

license: CC-BY 4.0 (aggregate) / per-source

label: Photosynthetic pathway

category: Physiology

authors: C.Morren & Decne.

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 2: 351


slug: vancouveria-planipetala

scientific: Vancouveria planipetala

authorship: Calloni

epithet: planipetala

preferred: redwood insideout flower

Epimedium hexandrum f. planipetalum

authorship: (Calloni) Himmelb.

Epimedium planipetalum

authorship: (Calloni) Citerne

Vancouveria chrysantha var. parviflora

authorship: (Greene) Jeps.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1038 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
redwood insideout flower
Redwood-ivy

names: 紅木常春藤 紅木折瓣花

authors: Calloni

published_in: Malpighia 1: 266, pl. 6


slug: vanda-coerulea

scientific: Vanda coerulea

authorship: Griff. ex Lindl.

genus: Vanda

epithet: coerulea

family: Orchidaceae

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 33: t. 30 (1847)

preferred: blue orchid

Vanda coerulea f. delicata

authorship: (Rolfe) Christenson

Vanda coerulea f. luwangalba

authorship: Kishor

Vanda coerulea unranked delicata

authorship: Rolfe

Vanda coerulea var. grandiflora

authorship: Carrière

Vanda coerulea var. hennisiana

authorship: Schltr.

Vanda coerulea var. peetersiana

authorship: Cogn.

Vanda peetersiana

authorship: (Cogn.) André

codes: CHC ASS BAN EHM LAO MYA THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

continent: ASIA-TEMPERATE

region: China

Assam

code: ASS

continent: ASIA-TROPICAL

region: Indian Subcontinent

Bangladesh

code: BAN

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Laos

code: LAO

region: Indo-China

Myanmar

code: MYA

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: epiphytic subshrub

climate: wet tropical

names:
blue orchid
Blue vanda

value: chamaephyte

authors: Griff. ex Lindl.

published_in: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 33: sub t. 30

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanda-cristata

scientific: Vanda cristata

authorship: Wall. ex Lindl.

epithet: cristata

Aerides cristata

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) Wall. ex Hook.f.

Luisia striata

authorship: (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl.

Trudelia cristata

authorship: (Wall. ex Lindl.) Senghas ex Roeth

authorship: (Lindl.) Senghas

codes: CHC CHT ASS BAN CBD EHM IND MYA NEP THA VIE WHM

Tibet

code: CHT

Cambodia

code: CBD

India

code: IND

Nepal

code: NEP

West Himalaya

code: WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 216

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanda-suavis

scientific: Vanda suavis

authorship: Lindl.

epithet: suavis

Vanda tricolor subsp. suavis

authorship: (Lindl.) Pupulin & Salguero

Vanda tricolor var. suavis

authorship: (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

codes: JAW LSI

Jawa

code: JAW

region: Malesia

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanda-tessellata

scientific: Vanda tessellata

authorship: (Roxb.) Hook. ex G.Don

epithet: tessellata

preferred: Grey orchid

Aerides tessellata

authorship: Wight

authorship: (Roxb.) Wight ex Lindl.

Cymbidium allagnata

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.

Cymbidium tessellatum

authorship: (Roxb.) Sw.

Cymbidium tesselloides

authorship: Roxb.

codes: CHC ASS BAN EHM IND MYA NEP SRL VIE WHM

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 126 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

iucn_category: LC

label: Least Concern

value: subshrub

authors: (Roxb.) Lodd. ex G.Don

published_in: Loudon's Hort. Brit. 372

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanda-testacea

scientific: Vanda testacea

epithet: testacea

Aerides wrightiana

authorship: Lindl. ex Wall.

Vanda vitellina

authorship: Kraenzl.

licences: CC0 CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ASS BAN EHM IND MYA NEP THA WHM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 50 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

published_in: Gard. Chron. n.s., 8: 166


slug: vanda-wightii

scientific: Vanda wightii

epithet: wightii

codes: IND SRL

climate: seasonally dry tropical

names: فاندا وايتية

published_in: Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6(6): 932


slug: vandasina-retusa

scientific: Vandasina retusa

authorship: (Benth.) Rauschert

genus: Vandasina

epithet: retusa

family: Fabaceae

Caulinia retusa

authorship: (F.Muell.) Kuntze

authorship: (Benth.) F.Muell.

Dolichos obcordatus

authorship: A.Cunn. ex Benth.

Glycine retusa

authorship: Sol. ex Benth.

Hardenbergia retusa

authorship: Benth.

Vandasia retusa

authorship: Domin

codes: NWG QLD

New Guinea

code: NWG

region: Papuasia

Queensland

code: QLD

lifeform: climbing shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 45 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Genistein

activities:
Abortifacient
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor
Antiaggregant
Antiangiogenic
Antiatherosclerotic
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticarcinomic (Breast)

value: vine

authors: (Benth.) Rauschert

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vandellia-clausa

scientific: Vandellia clausa

genus: Vandellia

epithet: clausa

family: Linderniaceae

published_in: Trans. & Proc. Philos. Inst. Victoria  3: 60 (1859)

Bonnaya clausa

authorship: (F.Muell.) Benth.

Ilysanthes clausa

authorship: (F.Muell.) Urb.

Lindernia clausa

authorship: (F.Muell.) F.Muell.

codes: NTA QLD WAU

Northern Territory

code: NTA

Western Australia

code: WAU

lifeform: annual

label: Height

category: Size

value: annual

published_in: Trans. & Proc. Philos. Inst. Victoria iii. (1859) 60

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vandellia-diffusa

scientific: Vandellia diffusa

authorship: L.

epithet: diffusa

preferred: spreading false pimpernel

source: usda

Bonnaya origanifolia

authorship: (Vahl) Spreng.

Gratiola origanifolia

authorship: Vahl

Lindernia diffusa

authorship: (L.) Wettst.

Lindernia diffusa var. pedunculata

authorship: (Benth.) Skan

Pyxidaria diffusa

authorship: (L.) Kuntze

Riedelia officinalis

authorship: Lacerda ex J.A.Schmidt

Vandellia repens

authorship: Thouars ex Steud.

licences: CC-BY CC-BY-SA

codes: ANG BEN BKN BUR CMN CAF CON ZAI ETH GAB GHA GUI GNB GGI IVO KEN LBR MDG MLI NGA SEN SIE TAN TOG UGA ZAM TCS TUR

Angola

code: ANG

Benin

code: BEN

Burkina

code: BKN

Burundi

code: BUR

Cameroon

code: CMN

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Congo

code: CON

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Gabon

code: GAB

Ghana

code: GHA

Guinea

code: GUI

Guinea-Bissau

code: GNB

Gulf of Guinea Is.

code: GGI

Ivory Coast

code: IVO

Kenya

code: KEN

Liberia

code: LBR

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

Mali

code: MLI

Nigeria

code: NGA

Senegal

code: SEN

Sierra Leone

code: SIE

Tanzania

code: TAN

Togo

code: TOG

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 164 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Ванделлия раскидистая


slug: vandenboschia-auriculata

scientific: Vandenboschia auriculata

authorship: (Blume) Copel.

genus: Vandenboschia

epithet: auriculata

family: Hymenophyllaceae

Cephalomanes auriculatum

authorship: (Blume) Bosch

Cephalomanes dissectum

authorship: Bosch

Crepidomanes auriculatum

authorship: (Blume) K.Iwats.

Lacostea auriculata

authorship: (Blume) Prantl

Lacosteopsis auriculata

authorship: (Blume) Nakaike

authorship: (Blume) Panigrahi & Sarn.Singh

Trichomanes auriculatum

authorship: Blume

Trichomanes belangeri

authorship: Bory

Vandenboschia hainanensis

authorship: Ching & P.C.Chiu

codes: CHC CHS CHH JAP NNS TAI CHT ASS BIS BOR CBD EHM JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP NWG PHI SUL SUM THA VIE

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Japan

code: JAP

region: Eastern Asia

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

Bismarck Archipelago

code: BIS

Borneo

code: BOR

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

New Guinea

code: NWG

Philippines

code: PHI

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

lifeform: epiphyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 470 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: ツルホラゴケ コガネホラゴケ

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: vandenboschia-boschiana

scientific: Vandenboschia boschiana

authorship: (J.W.Sturm ex Bosch) Ebihara & K.Iwats.

epithet: boschiana

preferred: Appalachian Filmy Fern

english:
Appalachian Filmy Fern
Appalachian bristle fern

Trichomanes boschianum

authorship: J.W.Sturm ex Bosch

codes: ALA ARK GEO ILL INI KTY MSI NCA OHI SCA TEN WVA

Alabama

code: ALA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Arkansas

code: ARK

Georgia

code: GEO

Illinois

code: ILL

region: North-Central U.S.A.

Indiana

code: INI

region: Northeastern U.S.A.

Kentucky

code: KTY

Mississippi

code: MSI

North Carolina

code: NCA

Ohio

code: OHI

South Carolina

code: SCA

Tennessee

code: TEN

West Virginia

code: WVA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 240 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: (J.W.Sturm ex Bosch) Ebihara & K.Iwats.


slug: vandenboschia-davallioides

scientific: Vandenboschia davallioides

authorship: (Gaudich.) Copel.

epithet: davallioides

preferred: kilau

Trichomanes davallioides

authorship: Gaudich.

Hawaii

code: HAW

continent: PACIFIC

region: North-Central Pacific

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 101 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
creeping palai
kilau

authors: (Gaudich.in Freyc.) Copel.

published_in: Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 54

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol TRDA

license: public domain


slug: vandenboschia-kalamocarpa

scientific: Vandenboschia kalamocarpa

authorship: (Hayata) Ebihara

epithet: kalamocarpa

published_in: Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 60(1): 32 (2009)

Trichomanes kalamocarpum

authorship: Hayata

Trichomanes parvum

authorship: Copel.

Vandenboschia parva

authorship: (Copel.) Copel.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 69 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 管苞瓶蕨 華東瓶蕨

names: ハイホラゴケ コガネシノブ

authors: (Hayata) Ebihara

published_in: Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 60(1): 32

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: vandenboschia-liukiuensis

scientific: Vandenboschia liukiuensis

authorship: (Yabe) Tagawa

epithet: liukiuensis

Crepidomanes liukiuense

authorship: (Yabe) K.Iwats.

Lacosteopsis liukiuensis

authorship: (Yabe) Nakaike

codes: JAP NNS

Japan

code: JAP

Nansei-shoto

code: NNS

authors: (Y.Yabe) Tagawa


slug: vandenboschia-speciosa

scientific: Vandenboschia speciosa

authorship: (Willd.) G.Kunkel

epithet: speciosa

published_in: Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 48 (1966)

Didymoglossum alatum

authorship: (Sm.) Desv.

Hymenophyllum alatum

authorship: Sm.

Trichomanes alatum

authorship: (Sm.) Hook.

Trichomanes andrewsii

authorship: Newman

Trichomanes hibernicum

authorship: Spreng.

Trichomanes radicans var. andrewsii

authorship: Bab.

Trichomanes radicans var. speciosum

authorship: (Willd.) Hook.f.

Trichomanes speciosum

authorship: Willd.

codes: AZO CNY MDR BGM CZE FRA GER GRB IRE ITA POL POR SPA

Azores

code: AZO

region: Macaronesia

Canary Is.

code: CNY

Madeira

code: MDR

Belgium

code: BGM

continent: EUROPE

region: Middle Europe

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Great Britain

code: GRB

region: Northern Europe

Ireland

code: IRE

Italy

code: ITA

region: Southeastern Europe

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Spain

code: SPA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 435 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Vandenboschie remarquable, Trichomanès remarquable

authors: (Willd.) G.Kunkel

published_in: Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 48


slug: vandenboschia-striata

scientific: Vandenboschia striata

authorship: (D.Don) Ebihara

epithet: striata

Crepidomanes radicans var. naseanum

authorship: (Christ) K.Iwats.

Crepidomanes striatum

authorship: (D.Don) Thapa

Lacosteopsis naseana

authorship: (Christ) Nakaike

Trichomanes naseanum

authorship: Christ

Trichomanes radicans f. naseanum

authorship: (Christ) C.Chr.

Trichomanes radicans var. naseanum

authorship: (Christ) Lellinger

Trichomanes somae

authorship: Nakai

Vandenboschia naseana

authorship: (Christ) Ching

Vandenboschia radicans var. naseana

authorship: (Christ) H.Itô

codes: CHC CHS CHH JAP NNS TAI CHT ASS BOR EHM JAW LAO LSI MLY MOL MYA NEP PHI SUL SUM THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

Taiwan

code: TAI

Tibet

code: CHT

Assam

code: ASS

Borneo

code: BOR

East Himalaya

code: EHM

Jawa

code: JAW

Laos

code: LAO

Lesser Sunda Is.

code: LSI

Malaya

code: MLY

Maluku

code: MOL

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Philippines

code: PHI

Sulawesi

code: SUL

Sumatera

code: SUM

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: perennial

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 42 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: オオハイホラゴケ リュウキュウコガネ

authors: (D.Don) Ebihara


slug: vangueria-apiculata

scientific: Vangueria apiculata

genus: Vangueria

epithet: apiculata

family: Rubiaceae

published_in: Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 385 (1895)

Vangueria longicalyx

authorship: Robyns

codes: ZAI ETH KEN MLW MOZ RWA SOM SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Ethiopia

code: ETH

region: Northeast Tropical Africa

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Malawi

code: MLW

region: South Tropical Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Rwanda

code: RWA

Somalia

code: SOM

Sudan-South Sudan

code: SUD

Tanzania

code: TAN

Uganda

code: UGA

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

lifeform: scrambling shrub or tree

label: Leaf retention

category: Foliage

value: deciduous

published_in: Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 385


slug: vangueria-infausta

scientific: Vangueria infausta

authorship: Burch.

epithet: infausta

preferred: wild medlar

Canthium infaustum

authorship: (Burch.) Baill.

Vangueria barnimiana

authorship: Schweinf.

Vangueria infausta var. virescens

authorship: Sond.

Vangueria tomentosa

authorship: Hochst.

Vangueria velutina

authorship: Hook.

codes: ANG BOT CMN CPP CPV ZAI SWZ OFS KEN NAT MLW MOZ NAM TVL RWA SUD TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Botswana

code: BOT

region: Southern Africa

Cameroon

code: CMN

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Namibia

code: NAM

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

lifeform: shrub or tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1161 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
wild medlar
African medlar / wild medlar

names: Вангерия несчастная

names:
wilde mispel
Wildemispel

names: umbizo umviyo

names:
chilya ndembo
kamwazi

names: amantulwane umvile

names: mmilo mothwany

names: mMilô moNyonyana

names: mavelo muzwilu

names: umtulwa umviyo

partners:
Broadleysaurus major
Bycanistes brevis
Cercopithecus mitis
Civettictis civetta
Colius striatus
Colobus angolensis
Cricetomys gambianus
Eidolon helvum


slug: vangueria-lasiantha

scientific: Vangueria lasiantha

authorship: (Sond.) Sond.

epithet: lasiantha

Canthium discolor

authorship: Baill.

Lagynias discolor

authorship: E.Mey. ex Robyns

Lagynias lasiantha

authorship: (Sond.) Bullock

codes: NAT MOZ TVL

Mozambique

code: MOZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 72 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Smooth Pendent-Medlar
Smooth Umtulu

names: gladdeslapmispel gladdeslingermispel

names: isipilogojwane isithobe

value: tree

value: 6 m

authors: Sond.

published_in: Fl. Cap. (Harvey) 3: 14


slug: vangueria-latifolia

scientific: Vangueria latifolia

epithet: latifolia

codes: SWZ NAT TVL

lifeform: subshrub

climate: desert or dry shrubland

value: 1 m

published_in: Fl. Cap. (Harvey) 3: 15


slug: vangueria-macrocalyx

scientific: Vangueria macrocalyx

epithet: macrocalyx

Canthium macrocalyx

authorship: (Sond.) Baill.

Pachystigma afrum

authorship: (Sim) Robyns

Pachystigma macrocalyx

authorship: (Sond.) Robyns

Vangueria afra

authorship: Sim

codes: CPP SWZ NAT MOZ TVL

lifeform: shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 83 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Crowned False Medlar
Crowned Medlar

names: kroonmispel wildemispel

names:
intzane
umvilo wehlathi

names:
Ubucopho benja
isiphuthe

value: 3 m


slug: vangueria-madagascariensis

scientific: Vangueria madagascariensis

epithet: madagascariensis

preferred: smooth-leaved wild-medlar

english:
smooth-leaved wild-medlar
voa vanga

Canthium edule

authorship: (Vahl) Baill.

Canthium maleolens

authorship: Chiov.

Dondisia fetida

authorship: Hassk.

Dondisia foetida

authorship: Hasskl.

Vangueria commersonii

authorship: Jacq.

Vangueria edulis

authorship: Lam.

authorship: Miq.

authorship: Vahl

name: Vangueria madagascariensis subsp. madagascariensis

Vangueria robynsii

authorship: Tennant

Vangueria venosa

authorship: Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Vavanga chinensis

authorship: Rohr

codes: ANG BEN CMN CAF CHA COM ZAI ERI SWZ ETH GHA KEN NAT MDG MLW MLI MOZ NGA TVL SUD TAN UGA

Benin

code: BEN

region: West Tropical Africa

Central African Republic

code: CAF

Chad

code: CHA

Comoros

code: COM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Eritrea

code: ERI

Ethiopia

code: ETH

Ghana

code: GHA

Kenya

code: KEN

Madagascar

code: MDG

Malawi

code: MLW

Mali

code: MLI

Nigeria

code: NGA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 112 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.


slug: vangueria-parvifolia

scientific: Vangueria parvifolia

authorship: Sond.

epithet: parvifolia

codes: BOT TVL

Botswana

code: BOT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 345 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mountain Wild-Medlar
Small Velvetleaf

names: Bergmispel Bergwildemispel

names:
mmilorotswane
mmilė ėmonnye

reason: Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vangueria-pygmaea

scientific: Vangueria pygmaea

authorship: Schltr.

epithet: pygmaea

Pachystigma pygmaeum

authorship: (Schltr.) Robyns

Pachystigma rhodesianum

authorship: (S.Moore) Robyns

Vangueria nana

authorship: K.Schum. ex Robyns

Vangueria setosa

authorship: Conrath

codes: SWZ OFS NAT MLW TVL TAN ZAM ZIM

Eswatini

code: SWZ

Free State

code: OFS

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Tanzania

code: TAN

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

names:
Gousiekte Bush
hairy gousiektebossie

names:
gousiektebossie
harige gousiektebossie

authors: Schltr.

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: vangueria-triflora

scientific: Vangueria triflora

authorship: (Robyns) Lantz

epithet: triflora

preferred: Waterberg crowned-medlar

Pachystigma triflorum

authorship: Robyns

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 60 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Waterberg crowned-medlar
Waterberg Medlar

names: waterbergkroonmispel waterbergmispel

value: 5 m

authors: (Robyns) Lantz

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vangueria-venosa

scientific: Vangueria venosa

authorship: (Hochst.) Sond.

epithet: venosa

Pachystigma venosum

authorship: Hochst.

codes: SWZ MOZ TVL

Mozambique

code: MOZ

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 91 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 9 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vangueria-vestita

scientific: Vangueria vestita

authorship: (Robyns) M.H.J.van der Meer

epithet: vestita

published_in: Unknown

Vangueria velutina

authorship: Hiern

Vangueria zambesiaca

authorship: Lantz

codes: BUR MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM

Burundi

code: BUR

value: woody

authors: (Robyns) M.H.J.van der Meer

published_in: Cact. Phantast. 2025(1): 4

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: vangueriopsis-lanciflora

scientific: Vangueriopsis lanciflora

authorship: (Hiern) Robyns

genus: Vangueriopsis

epithet: lanciflora

published_in: Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles  11: 252 (1928)

Plectronia lanciflora

authorship: (Hiern) Eyles

Plectronia platyphylla

authorship: (Hiern) K.Schum.

Vangueria lateritia

authorship: Dinter

Vangueriopsis lancifolia

authorship: Greenway

codes: ANG BOT CPV ZAI MLW MOZ NAM TVL TAN ZAM ZIM

Angola

code: ANG

Caprivi Strip

code: CPV

DR Congo

code: ZAI

Namibia

code: NAM

value: nanophanerophyte

authors: Robyns ex R.D.Good

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: vanheerdea-primosii

scientific: Vanheerdea primosii

authorship: (L.Bolus) L.Bolus ex H.E.K.Hartmann

genus: Vanheerdea

epithet: primosii

family: Aizoaceae

Vanheerdia primosii

authorship: (L.Bolus) L.Bolus

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

lifeform: succulent subshrub

value: 0 m

authors: (L.Bolus) L.Bolus ex H.E.K.Hartmann


slug: vanhouttea-gardneri

scientific: Vanhouttea gardneri

authorship: (Hook.) Fritsch

genus: Vanhouttea

epithet: gardneri

family: Gesneriaceae

published_in: Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 65: 14 (1900)

Gesneria gardneri

authorship: Hook.

Gesneria leptopus

authorship: Gardner

Gesneria organa

authorship: Hort. ex Decne.

authorship: hort. ex Hanst.

Houttea gardneri

authorship: (Hook.) Decne.

Houttea leptopus

authorship: (Gardner) Hanst.

Vanhouttea leptopus

authorship: (Gardner) Kuntze

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

continent: SOUTHERN AMERICA

region: Brazil

source: EOL TraitBank / Flora do Brasil

value: lithophyte

authors: (Hook.) Fritsch

published_in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2, Beibl. 65): 14


slug: vanilla-barbellata

scientific: Vanilla barbellata

genus: Vanilla

epithet: barbellata

preferred: wormvine orchid

Vanilla articulata

authorship: Northr.

Vanilla bakeri

authorship: Schltr.

codes: FLA BAH CUB DOM LEE PUE

Florida

code: FLA

Bahamas

code: BAH

region: Caribbean

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Leeward Is.

code: LEE

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

lifeform: climber

value: herb

value: non-woody

reason: Only 6 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanilla-chamissonis

scientific: Vanilla chamissonis

authorship: Klotzsch

epithet: chamissonis

published_in: Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 4: 564 (1846)

preferred: Chamisso's Vanilla

Vanilla chamissonis var. brevifolia

authorship: Cogn.

codes: BOL BZE BZL FRG

Bolivia

code: BOL

region: Western South America

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

French Guiana

code: FRG

region: Northern South America

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 46 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: شامسیو ونیلا

type: visitedBy

label: Visited by

partners:
Artibeus jamaicensis
Glossophaga soricina

value: epiphyte

value: perennial

value: CAM

authors: Klotzsch

published_in: Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 4: 564

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanilla-claviculata

scientific: Vanilla claviculata

authorship: Sw.

epithet: claviculata

published_in: Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., ser. 2, 6: 66 (1799)

preferred: green withe

codes: CAY CUB DOM JAM LEE PUE

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

Jamaica

code: JAM

value: vine

authors: Sw.

published_in: Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 66

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanilla-coursii

scientific: Vanilla coursii

epithet: coursii

published_in: Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Colon. 30: 435 (1950)

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

published_in: Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. xxx. 435 (1950)


slug: vanilla-inodora

scientific: Vanilla inodora

authorship: Schiede

epithet: inodora

preferred: scentless vanilla

Notylia inodora

authorship: (Schiede) Conz.

Vanilla preussii

authorship: Kraenzl.

Vanilla rebecae

authorship: Archila & Chiron

codes: MXC MXG MXT MXS BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

region: Mexico

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

region: Central America

Costa Rica

code: COS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

iucn_category: EN

label: Endangered

names:
Vainilla
Vainilla Cerro Amarillo

value: liana

authors: Schiede


slug: vanilla-palmarum

scientific: Vanilla palmarum

authorship: (Salzm. ex Lindl.) Lindl.

epithet: palmarum

Epidendrum palmarum

authorship: Salzm. ex Lindl.

codes: BZN BZE BZS BZC CLM ECU FRG GUY PER SUR VEN

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

Guyana

code: GUY

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 86 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

authors: Lindl.

published_in: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 436

reason: Only 8 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanilla-phaeantha

scientific: Vanilla phaeantha

epithet: phaeantha

preferred: leafy vanilla

Vanilla bahiana

authorship: Hoehne

Vanilla carinata

authorship: Rolfe

Vanilla planifolia var. macrantha

authorship: Griseb.

codes: FLA MXT BAH BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM JAM PAN TRT VEN WIN

Florida

code: FLA

region: Southeastern U.S.A.

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Bahamas

code: BAH

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Jamaica

code: JAM

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

Windward Is.

code: WIN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 295 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
leafy vanilla
cowled Vanilla

names: 凡尼兰 哥倫比亞香莢蘭

names: Baunilha-da-praia Baunilha-do-tabuleiro


slug: vanilla-planifolia

scientific: Vanilla planifolia

authorship: Andrews

epithet: planifolia

preferred: vanilla

Epidendrum rubrum

authorship: Lam.

Myrobroma fragrans

authorship: Salisb.

Notylia planifolia

authorship: (Andrews) Conz.

Vanilla aromatica

authorship: Willd.

Vanilla aromatica var. planifolia

authorship: (Andrews) F.Buyss.

Vanilla bampsiana

authorship: Geerinck

Vanilla duckei

authorship: Huber

Vanilla fragrans

authorship: Ames

Vanilla planifolia var. angusta

authorship: Costantin & Boiss. ex C.Henry

authorship: Costantin & Poiss. ex C.Henry

Vanilla rubra

authorship: (Lam.) Urb.

Vanilla sotoarenasii

authorship: M.Pignal, Azof.-Bolaños & Grisoni

Vanilla viridiflora

authorship: Blume

codes: MXG MXT MXS BLZ BZN BZL CLM COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Brazil North

code: BZN

Costa Rica

code: COS

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 228 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Vanillin

activities: Allelochemic Allergenic Antianemic Anticancer Antidrepanocytic Antiescherichic Antilactobacillic Antilisteria

Coumarin

activities:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Allelochemic
Analgesic
Anesthetic
Antiaggregant
Antiandrogenic
Antibrucellosic
Anticancer (Kidney)

Syringic-acid

activities: Allelopathic Antioxidant Antiperoxidant Antiradicular Ubiquiot

Zingerone

activities:
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor
Adrenergic
Antiatherosclerotic
Antiinflammatory
Antioxidant (LDL)
Cardiotonic
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor
FLavor

Catechol

activities:
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Anticancer (Breast)
Antigonadotropic
Antioxidant
Antiseptic
Antistomatitic
Antithiamin

Acetic-acid

activities: Acidulant Antibacterial Antiotitic Antisalmonella Antivaginitic Expectorant Fungicide Keratitigenic

Phenol

activities: Analgesic Anesthetic AntiMS Antibacterial Antihemorrhoidal Antihydrocoele Antiincontinence Antionychogryphotic

Anisic-acid

activities: Antibacterial Antirheumatic Antisalmonella Antiseptic Pesticide Tyrosinase-Inhibitor

Formic-acid

activities: Acaricide Antiseptic Antisyncopic Astringent Corrosive Counterirritant FLavor Fungistat

names:
vanilla
Bourbon vanilla

names:
Vainilla
Vainilla Colibrí

names: 香荚兰 扁叶香荚兰

names: Baunilha baunilheira

names:
Ваниль
Ваниль душистая

names: banira バニラ

names:
Bonne vanille
Vanille

names: vanille vanille-orchidee

partners:
Creatonotos transiens
Somena scintillans

type: hasPathogen

label: Pathogens

partners:
Vanilla latent virus
Vanilla virus X

reason: Only 17 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanilla-pompona

scientific: Vanilla pompona

authorship: Schiede

epithet: pompona

preferred: West Indian vanilla

Notylia pompona

authorship: (Schiede) Conz.

Vanilla cochlearilabia

authorship: Archila, Chiron & Menchaca

Vanilla grandiflora

authorship: Lindl.

Vanilla hamata

authorship: Klotzsch

Vanilla lutescens

authorship: Moq. ex Dupuis

Vanilla pittieri

authorship: Schltr.

Vanilla planifolia var. gigantea

authorship: Hoehne

Vanilla pleei

authorship: Portères

Vanilla pompona subsp. grandiflora

authorship: (Lindl.) Soto Arenas

Vanilla pompona subsp. pittieri

authorship: (Schltr.) Dressler

codes: MXG MXT MXS BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM COS ECU FRG GUA GUY HON JAM NIC PAN PER SUR TRT VEN WIN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Peru

code: PER

Suriname

code: SUR

Venezuela

code: VEN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 173 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

reason: Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vanzijlia-annulata

scientific: Vanzijlia annulata

authorship: (A.Berger) L.Bolus

genus: Vanzijlia

epithet: annulata

published_in: in Fl. Pl. South Africa 7: . 1927.

Vanzijlia angustipetala

authorship: (L.Bolus) N.E.Br.

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

published_in: Fl. Pl. South Africa vii. t. 262 (1927)

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: varilla-mexicana

scientific: Varilla mexicana

genus: Varilla

epithet: mexicana

family: Asteraceae

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

published_in: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts ser. 2, 4(1): 106

reason: Only 18 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: varilla-texana

scientific: Varilla texana

epithet: texana

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 123 (1852)

preferred: Texas varilla

codes: MXE TEX

Texas

code: TEX

region: South-Central U.S.A.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 94 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: subshrub

published_in: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 123

reason: Only 14 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: varronia-bullata

scientific: Varronia bullata

authorship: L.

genus: Varronia

epithet: bullata

family: Cordiaceae

preferred: curaciao bush

Buddleja boliviana

authorship: Pax

Cordia asperrima

authorship: DC.

Cordia bullata

authorship: (L.) Roem. & Schult.

Cordia bullata subsp. humilis

authorship: (Jacq.) Gaviria

Cordia bullata var. globosa

authorship: (Jacq.) Govaerts

Cordia dasycephala

authorship: Kunth

Cordia globosa

authorship: (Jacq.) Kunth

Cordia globosa subsp. humilis

authorship: (Jacq.) Borhidi

Cordia globosa var. humilis

authorship: (Jacq.) I.M.Johnst.

Cordia humilis

authorship: (Jacq.) G.Don

Cordia pilulifera

authorship: Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Lithocardium dasycephalum

authorship: Kuntze

Piloisia globosa

authorship: (Jacq.) Raf.

Varronia asperrima

authorship: Friesen

Varronia dasycephala

authorship: Desv.

Varronia globosa

authorship: Jacq.

codes: FLA MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS ARU BAH BLZ BZE BZL CAY CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS GUA HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PER PUE SWC TRT TCI VEN VNA WIN

Florida

code: FLA

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Aruba

code: ARU

Bahamas

code: BAH

Belize

code: BLZ

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Cayman Is.

code: CAY

Costa Rica

code: COS

Cuba

code: CUB

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

El Salvador

code: ELS

Guatemala

code: GUA

Haiti

code: HAI

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 73 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Kricogonia lyside
Leptotes cassius
Marpesia chiron marius
Thecla angelia
Thecla martialis
Xylocopa micans

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: varronia-curassavica

scientific: Varronia curassavica

epithet: curassavica

preferred: black sage

Cordia curassavica

authorship: (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult.

codes: IND MXI MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS AGE AGW ARU BLZ BOL BZN BZE BZS BZL BZC CLM COS CUB DOM ECU ELS FRG GUA GUY HAI HON JAM LEE NLA NIC PAN PAR PER PUE SUR TRT URU VEN VNA WIN

India

code: IND

region: Indian Subcontinent

Mexican Pacific Is.

code: MXI

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

region: Southern South America

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guyana

code: GUY

Honduras

code: HON

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 874 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Agraulis vanillae
Apis mellifera
Ascia monuste
Coereba flaveola
Dryas iulia
Glutophrissa drusilla
Janonia evarete
Marpesia petreus

partners:
Chiothion georgina
Eurema lisa
Florilegus flavohirtus
Ministrymon janevicroy
Strymon bubastus

partners:
Chioides catillus
Dione vanillae
Florilegus flavohirtus
Heliconius melpomene melpomene
Heliconius ricini
Hylephila phyleus phyleus
Junonia lavinia
Junonia litoralis

partners:
Cacicus haemorrhous
Camptostoma obsoletum
Coereba flaveola
Cyanerpes cyaneus
Dacnis cayana
Elaenia flavogaster
Euphonia violacea
Myiarchus tyrannulus

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: varronia-cylindristachya

scientific: Varronia cylindristachya

authorship: Ruiz & Pav.

epithet: cylindristachya

Cordia caracasana var. velutina

authorship: Britton

Cordia cylindrostachya

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.

Cordia cylindrostachya var. floribunda

authorship: (Desv.) Griseb.

Cordia floribunda

authorship: (Desv.) Spreng.

Cordia linearicalycina

authorship: Killip ex J.Estrada

Cordia macrostachya

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Lithocardium caracasanum

authorship: (A.DC.) Kuntze

Montjolya cylindristachya

authorship: (Ruiz & Pav.) Friesen

Varronia caracasana

authorship: (DC.) Borhidi

Varronia lanata

authorship: (Kunth) Borhidi

codes: BOL CLM ECU PER VEN VNA

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN

Venezuelan Antilles

code: VNA

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 115 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Apis florea
Eumaeus atala
Graphium sarpedon
Megachile stulta

partners:
Amazona mercenarius
Ampelioides tschudii
Anisognathus somptuosus
Arremon brunneinucha
Atlapetes albinucha
Atlapetes latinuchus
Aulacorhynchus haematopygus
Aulacorhynchus prasinus

value: tree

value: 7 m

authors: Ruiz & Pav.

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: varronia-dichotoma

scientific: Varronia dichotoma

epithet: dichotoma

Gerascanthus bifurcatus

authorship: (Roem. & Schult.) Borhidi

Lithocardium dichotomum

authorship: Kuntze

Varronia parviflora

authorship: Ortega

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS CLM COS ECU HON JAM NIC PAN PAR PER URU VEN

Costa Rica

code: COS

Jamaica

code: JAM

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

lifeform: subshrub or shrub

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 53 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Dominico
Paban chukubi

published_in: Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 23

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.

reason: Only 3 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: varronia-lima

scientific: Varronia lima

authorship: Desv.

epithet: lima

preferred: lija

Cordia lima

authorship: (Desv.) Roem. & Schult.

Cordia lima var. subinflata

authorship: Urb.

Cordia radula

authorship: Spreng.

Lithocardium limum

authorship: (Desv.) Kuntze

Ulmarronia lima

authorship: (Desv.) Friesen

codes: DOM HAI PUE

Dominican Republic

code: DOM

Haiti

code: HAI

Puerto Rico

code: PUE

authors: Desv.

published_in: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 1: 278

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol COLI7


slug: varronia-limicola

scientific: Varronia limicola

authorship: (Brandegee) Friesen

epithet: limicola

Cordia limicola

authorship: Brandegee

Varronia passa

authorship: (I.M.Johnst.) Borhidi

codes: MXG MXE

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

lifeform: perennial or subshrub

authors: Friesen

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève ser. 2, 24: 148

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.


slug: varronia-multispicata

scientific: Varronia multispicata

authorship: (Cham.) Borhidi

epithet: multispicata

Cordia bahiensis

authorship: DC.

Cordia multispicata

authorship: Cham.

Lithocardium multispicatum

authorship: (Cham.) Kuntze

codes: BZN BZE BZL BZC GUY

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

type: pollinatedBy

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Chionomesa fimbriata
Chlorestes cyanus
Leucochloris albicollis
Lophornis chalybaea
Palpada

partners:
Chionomesa fimbriata
Chlorestes cyanus
Leucochloris albicollis
Palpada

authors: (Cham.) Borhidi

published_in: Acta Bot. Hung. 34(3–4): 392

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.


slug: varronia-revoluta

scientific: Varronia revoluta

authorship: Andersson

epithet: revoluta

published_in: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1853: 204 (1855)

Cordia hookeriana

authorship: (Kuntze) Gürke

Sebestena linearis

authorship: Friesen

Varronia hookeriana

authorship: (Gürke) Borhidi

Galápagos

code: GAL

authors: Andersson

published_in: Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1853 (1855) 204


slug: varronia-selleana

scientific: Varronia selleana

epithet: selleana

codes: DOM HAI

published_in: Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève ser. 2, 24: 176

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: varronia-spinescens

scientific: Varronia spinescens

authorship: (L.) Borhidi

epithet: spinescens

Cordia coloradiphila

authorship: Gilli

Cordia ferruginea

authorship: (Lam.) Kunth

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Cordia laxiflora

authorship: Kunth

Cordia pauciflora

authorship: Rusby

Cordia platystachya

authorship: Killip ex J.Estrada

Cordia pyrifolia

authorship: Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Cordia spinescens

authorship: L.

Lithocardium crenulatum

authorship: (A.DC.) Kuntze

Lithocardium ferrugineum

authorship: (Lam.) Kuntze

Lithocardium laxiflorum

authorship: (Kunth) Kuntze

Lithocardium thibaudianum

authorship: (DC.) Kuntze

Montjolya ferruginea

authorship: (Lam.) Friesen

Quarena spinescens

authorship: Raf.

Varronia coloradiphila

authorship: (Gilli) Borhidi

Varronia crenulata

authorship: Pav. ex DC.

Varronia ferruginea

authorship: Lam.

Varronia laxiflora

authorship: (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth) Borhidi

Varronia pauciflora

authorship: (Rusby) Borhidi

Varronia poeppigii

authorship: (DC.) Borhidi

Varronia riparia

authorship: (Kunth) Borhidi

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS BLZ BOL BZN CLM COS ECU ELS FRG GUA HON NIC PAN PER VEN

Mexico Central

code: MXC

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Mexico Southeast

code: MXT

Mexico Southwest

code: MXS

Belize

code: BLZ

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

Ecuador

code: ECU

El Salvador

code: ELS

French Guiana

code: FRG

Guatemala

code: GUA

Honduras

code: HON

Peru

code: PER

Venezuela

code: VEN


slug: vasconcellea-candicans

scientific: Vasconcellea candicans

authorship: (A.Gray) A.DC.

genus: Vasconcellea

epithet: candicans

family: Caricaceae

Carica integrifolia

authorship: Reimondi

Papaya candicans

authorship: (A.Gray) Kuntze

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 203 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: deciduous

reason: Only 11 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vasconcellea-cauliflora

scientific: Vasconcellea cauliflora

authorship: (Jacq.) A.DC.

epithet: cauliflora

Carica boissieri

authorship: (A.DC.) Hemsl.

Carica bourgeaui

authorship: Solms

Carica cauliflora

authorship: Jacq.

Carica pennata

authorship: Heilborn

Carica quinqueloba

authorship: Sessé & Moc.

Papaya bourgeaui

authorship: (Solms) Kuntze

Papaya cauliflora

authorship: (Jacq.) Poir.

codes: MXC MXG MXE MXN MXT MXS CLM COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN TRT VEN

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Costa Rica

code: COS

Nicaragua

code: NIC

Panamá

code: PAN

Trinidad-Tobago

code: TRT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 56 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Papaya cimarrona
Suara

value: evergreen


slug: vasconcellea-chilensis

scientific: Vasconcellea chilensis

authorship: Planch.

epithet: chilensis

Carica chilensis

authorship: (Planch.) Solms

Papaya chilensis

authorship: (Planch.) Kuntze

codes: CLC CLN

Chile Central

code: CLC

Chile North

code: CLN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 335 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Austral papaya
Chilean papaya

names:
Papaya chilena
Papayo chileno

value: shrub

authors: Planch.

published_in: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 2: 259

reason: Only 5 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vasconcellea-microcarpa

scientific: Vasconcellea microcarpa

epithet: microcarpa

Carica cucurbitifolia

authorship: Woodson

Carica heterophylla

authorship: Poepp. & Endl.

Carica microcarpa subsp. baccata

authorship: (Heilborn) V.M.Badillo

Carica microcarpa subsp. heterophylla

authorship: (Poepp. & Endl.) V.M.Badillo

Papaya heterophylla

authorship: (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze

Papaya manihot

authorship: (Triana & Planch.) Kuntze

Vasconcellea heterophylla

authorship: (Poepp. & Endl.) A.DC.

Vasconcellea manihot

authorship: Triana & Planch.

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZL CLM ECU FRG PAN PER VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

names:
Airo huati jico
Chilacuan del monte

names: mamaozinho mamuí

value: woody

value: 4 m

authors: (Jacq.) A.DC.


slug: vasconcellea-parviflora

scientific: Vasconcellea parviflora

epithet: parviflora

Carica leptantha

authorship: Harms

Carica paniculata

authorship: Spruce ex Solms

authorship: Spruce

Carica parviflora

authorship: (A.DC.) Solms

Papaya paniculata

authorship: (Spruce ex Solms) Kuntze

Papaya parviflora

authorship: (A.DC.) Kuntze

codes: ECU PER

Ecuador

code: ECU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 209 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Coralillo Fosforillo

names: Васконцеллея мелкоцветковая

reason: Only 24 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vasconcellea-pubescens

scientific: Vasconcellea pubescens

epithet: pubescens

preferred: mountain papaya

Carica cestriflora

authorship: Solms

Carica cundinamarcensis

authorship: Linden

Carica pubescens

authorship: Lenné & K.Koch

Papaya cundinamarcencis

authorship: (Linden) Kuntze

Papaya pubescens

authorship: (Lenné & K.Koch) Kuntze

codes: BOL CLM ECU PAN PER VEN

Colombia

code: CLM

lifeform: tree

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 416 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Mountain pawpaw
mountain papaya

names: Chamburo Chanpuru

names:
Papayer des montagnes
papayer de montagne

names:
Carica
Pepaya gunung

partners:
Colibri cyanotus cyanotus
Eotetranychus deflexus
Myzus persicae

type: hasParasite

label: Parasites

source: EOL TraitBank / ECOCROP (FAO)

value: phanerophyte

label: Growth form

value: Single Stem

reason: Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vasconcellea-quercifolia

scientific: Vasconcellea quercifolia

epithet: quercifolia

published_in: Deux. Mém. Réséd. : 13 (1837)

preferred: oakleaf carica

Carica acuta

authorship: Heilborn

Carica hastata

authorship: Brign.

Carica lanceolata

authorship: (A.DC.) Hieron.

Carica quercifolia

authorship: (A.St.-Hil.) Hieron.

Carica tunariensis

authorship: (Kuntze) K.Schum.

Papaya quercifolia

authorship: Kuntze

authorship: (A.St.-Hil.) Baill.

Vasconcellea hastata

authorship: (Brign.) Caruel

Vasconcellosia hastata

authorship: Caruel

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZE BZS BZL BZC PAR PER URU

Argentina Northeast

code: AGE

Argentina Northwest

code: AGW

Brazil South

code: BZS

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

Paraguay

code: PAR

Uruguay

code: URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 104 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Higuera del Monte
Papayillo

names: Aracatiá-liso Iaracatiá

names: Васконцеллея дуболистная


slug: vaseyochloa-multinervosa

scientific: Vaseyochloa multinervosa

authorship: (Vasey) Hitchc.

genus: Vaseyochloa

epithet: multinervosa

family: Poaceae

preferred: Texasgrass

Distichlis multinervosa

authorship: (Vasey) Piper

Melica multinervosa

authorship: Vasey

Texas

code: TEX

names:
Texasgrass
Texas grass

value: graminoid

value: herb

value: hemicryptophyte

authors: (Vasey) Hitchc.

published_in: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 23: 452

reason: No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon.


slug: vassobia-breviflora

scientific: Vassobia breviflora

authorship: (Sendtn.) Hunz.

genus: Vassobia

epithet: breviflora

family: Solanaceae

Acnistus bornmuelleri

authorship: Dammer

Acnistus breviflorus

authorship: Sendtn.

Acnistus breviflorus f. glabratus

authorship: Hassl.

Acnistus glabratus

authorship: (Sendtn.) Dammer

Acnistus parviflorus

authorship: Griseb.

Acnistus parviflorus var. arboreus

authorship: (Griseb.) Griseb.

Bassovia pyraster

authorship: Dunal

Capsicum pyraster

authorship: (Dunal) Kuntze

Dierbachia breviflora

authorship: (Sendtn.) Kuntze

Dierbachia parviflora

authorship: (Griseb.) Kuntze

Dierbachia senticosa

authorship: (Miers) Kuntze

Dunalia breviflora

authorship: (Sendtn.) Sleumer

Dunalia breviflora var. glabrata

authorship: (Sendtn. ex Mart.) Sleumer

Dunalia senticosa

authorship: Miers

codes: AGE AGW BOL BZS BZL PAR URU

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 289 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Frieseomelitta varia
Scaptotrigona aff. depilis

type: dispersedBy

label: Dispersed by

partners:
Artibeus fimbriatus
Cissopis leverianus
Penelope obscura
Philander opossum
Stephanophorus diadematus
Sturnira lilium
Tachyphonus coronatus

partners:
Sturnira lilium
Artibeus fimbriatus
Cissopis leverianus
Didelphis aurita
Penelope obscura
Philander frenatus
Stephanophorus diadematus
Tachyphonus coronatus


slug: vateria-indica-l

scientific: Vateria indica

authorship: L.

genus: Vateria

epithet: indica

family: Dipterocarpaceae

preferred: white dammar

Vateria malabarica

authorship: Blume

India

code: IND

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 41 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Indian Copal Tree
Piney Varnish Tree

names: Kahruba Sageddamar

names: Attam Kukkil

names: Doopadamaru Telladamaramu

names: Bilidupa Chandalika

names: Kunthirikkapayin Painimara

partners:
Calodia kodikanelensis
Calodia neofusca
Calodia ostentus
Petalocephala uniformis
Ulavius dworakowskae
Ulavius poornachandrai
Ulavius radhamaniae
Ulavius spectabilis

partners:
Eupelmus peculiaris
Eutrichosomella indica
Neastymachus punctatiscutellum
Ooencyrtus hayatii

authors: L.

USDA PLANTS Database

note: common name, checklist symbol VAIN5

reason: Only 2 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vateria-indica-c-f-gaertn

published_in: Suppl. Carp. 53 (t. 189)

reason: Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon.


slug: vatica-chinensis

scientific: Vatica chinensis

genus: Vatica

epithet: chinensis

Isauxis roxburghiana

authorship: Thwaites

Vateria roxburghiana

authorship: Wight ex Arn.

Vatica caddupa

authorship: Buch.-Ham. ex Brandis

Vatica roxburghiana

authorship: (Wight ex Arn.) Blume

codes: IND SRL

Sri Lanka

code: SRL

names: Kirudhupa Uggaladhupa

names: Adakkapine Cherupiney

label: Growth habit

value: perennial

published_in: Mant. Pl. Altera 242


slug: vauquelinia-californica

scientific: Vauquelinia californica

authorship: (Torr.) Sarg.

genus: Vauquelinia

epithet: californica

family: Rosaceae

preferred: Arizona Rosewood

english:
Arizona Rosewood
Arizona rosewood

Spiraea californica

authorship: Torr.

name: Vauquelinia californica subsp. retherfordii

authorship: (I.M.Johnst.) W.J.Hess & Henrickson

Vauquelinia pauciflora

authorship: Standl.

codes: ARI MXE MXN NWM

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

New Mexico

code: NWM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 189 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Woodiness

authors: (Torr.) Sarg.

published_in: Gard. & Forest 2: 400


slug: vauquelinia-corymbosa

scientific: Vauquelinia corymbosa

authorship: Corrêa ex Bonpl.

epithet: corymbosa

preferred: slimleaf rosewood

Vauquelinia corymbosa subsp. karwinskyi

authorship: (Maxim.) W.J.Hess & Henrickson

Vauquelinia corymbosa subsp. latifolia

authorship: (Standl.) W.J.Hess & Henrickson

name: Vauquelinia corymbosa subsp. saltilloensis

authorship: W.J.Hess & Henrickson

Vauquelinia karwinskyi

authorship: Maxim.

Vauquelinia latifolia

authorship: Rydb. ex Standl.

Mexico Gulf

code: MXG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 120 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Betulinic-acid

activities: Anthelmintic AntiHIV Antibacterial Anticancer Anticarcinomic Antiedemic Antiinflammatory Antileukemic

names:
Palo Alto
Palo prieto

source: EOL TraitBank / NMNH Botany specimens

authors: Bonpl.

published_in: Pl. Aequinoct. [Humboldt & Bonpland] 1(6): 140 (-142; t. 40)


slug: veitchia-spiralis

scientific: Veitchia spiralis

genus: Veitchia

epithet: spiralis

family: Arecaceae

Kajewskia aneityensis

authorship: Guillaumin

Vanuatu

code: VAN

region: Southwestern Pacific

iucn_category: NT

label: Near Threatened

names: 旋叶维契棕 旋叶蜡轴椰

source: EOL TraitBank / Palm Traits 1.0

label: Life form

published_in: Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 270


slug: vella-aspera

scientific: Vella aspera

authorship: Pers.

genus: Vella

epithet: aspera

family: Brassicaceae

Boleum asperum

authorship: (Pers.) Desv.

Vella hispida

authorship: Vahl ex DC.

source: Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)

Spain

code: SPA

region: Southwestern Europe

authors: Pers.

published_in: Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2(1): 185


slug: vella-pseudocytisus

scientific: Vella pseudocytisus

authorship: L.

epithet: pseudocytisus

Pseudocytisus glabrescens

authorship: (Coss.) Rehder

Pseudocytisus integrifolius

authorship: Rehder

name: Pseudocytisus integrifolius subsp. glabrescens

authorship: (Coss.) Emb. & Maire

name: Pseudocytisus integrifolius subsp. ibericus

authorship: (Litard. & Maire) Maire

name: Pseudocytisus integrifolius var. badalii

authorship: Pau ex Heywood

Vella badallii

authorship: Pau

Vella glabrescens

authorship: Coss.

Vella integrifolia

authorship: Salisb.

Vella pseudocytisus subsp. glabrescens

authorship: (Coss.) Litard. & Maire

Vella pseudocytisus subsp. iberica

authorship: Litard. & Maire

Vella pseudocytisus var. glabrescens

authorship: Willk.

codes: ALG MOR SPA

Algeria

code: ALG

region: Northern Africa

Morocco

code: MOR

label: Life cycle


slug: vellereophyton-dealbatum

scientific: Vellereophyton dealbatum

authorship: (Thunb.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt

genus: Vellereophyton

epithet: dealbatum

Gnaphalium campestre

authorship: Schrank ex DC.

Gnaphalium candidissimum

authorship: Lam.

Gnaphalium caroense

authorship: Schrank

Gnaphalium dealbatum

authorship: Thunb.

Gnaphalium luteofuscum

authorship: Webb

Gnaphalium macilentum

authorship: E.Mey. ex DC.

codes: CPP MOZ

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

region: Southern Africa

Mozambique

code: MOZ

region: South Tropical Africa

source: CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 478 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
White Cudweed
white-cudweed

value: non-woody

value: therophyte

value: annual

label: Fruit type

category: Flowers and fruit

value: achene

authors: (Thunb.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt


slug: vellosiella-dracocephaloides

scientific: Vellosiella dracocephaloides

authorship: (Vell.) Baill.

genus: Vellosiella

epithet: dracocephaloides

family: Orobanchaceae

published_in: Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 715 (1888)

Digitalis dracocephaloides

authorship: Vell.

Brazil Southeast

code: BZL

region: Brazil

label: Flower-visited by

authors: Baill.

published_in: Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 715


slug: vellosiella-spathacea

scientific: Vellosiella spathacea

authorship: (Oliv.) Melch.

epithet: spathacea

published_in: Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 15: 129 (1940)

Melasma spathaceum

authorship: Oliv.

codes: GUY VEN

Guyana

code: GUY

Venezuela

code: VEN

lifeform: climbing subshrub

authors: (Oliv.) Melch.


slug: vellozia-compacta

scientific: Vellozia compacta

authorship: Mart.

genus: Vellozia

epithet: compacta

family: Velloziaceae

Vellozia ambigua

authorship: Goethart & Henrard

Vellozia compacta var. acutiflora

authorship: Seub.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 39 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: Веллозия плотная

value: subshrub

value: chamaephyte

value: lithophyte

authors: Mart.

published_in: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 7(1): 293


slug: vellozia-dasypus

scientific: Vellozia dasypus

epithet: dasypus

Brazil Northeast

code: BZE

authors: Seub.


slug: vellozia-glauca

scientific: Vellozia glauca

authorship: Pohl

epithet: glauca

published_in: Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr.  1: 125 (1828)

Vellozia hamosa

authorship: Pohl ex Seubert

codes: BZN BZE BZL BZC

Brazil North

code: BZN

Brazil West-Central

code: BZC

authors: Pohl


slug: vellozia-peripherica

scientific: Vellozia peripherica

authorship: Mello-Silva

epithet: peripherica

published_in: Revista Brasil. Bot.  27: 457 (2004)

authors: Mello-Silva


slug: vellozia-squamata

scientific: Vellozia squamata

epithet: squamata

published_in: Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr.  1: 124 (1828)

codes: BZE BZL BZC

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 95 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

label: Least Concern

value: nanophanerophyte

label: Photosynthetic pathway

published_in: Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. i. 124. t 99


slug: vellozia-tubiflora

scientific: Vellozia tubiflora

authorship: (A.Rich.) Kunth

epithet: tubiflora

Barbacenia alexandrinae

authorship: Schousb. ex Hook.

authorship: R.H.Schomb. ex Hook.

Barbacenia tubiflora

authorship: (A.Rich.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.

Radia tubiflora

authorship: (A.Rich.) A.Rich.

Vellozia alexandrinae

authorship: (R.H.Schomb.) Goethart & Henrard

Vellozia duidae

authorship: Steyerm.

Vellozia macarenensis

authorship: Philipson

Vellozia macrosiphonia

authorship: Taub.

Vellozia panamensis

authorship: Standl.

codes: BOL BZN BZE BZL BZC CLM GUY PAN VEN

Bolivia

code: BOL

Colombia

code: CLM

Panamá

code: PAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 38 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: shrub

authors: Kunth

published_in: Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] vii. 155


slug: veltheimia-bracteata

scientific: Veltheimia bracteata

authorship: Harv. ex Baker

genus: Veltheimia

epithet: bracteata

family: Asparagaceae

preferred: forest lily

english:
forest lily
forest sand-lily
winter red hot poker

source: wikidata

lifeform: bulbous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 227 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: Kew World Checklist of Useful Plant Species

names:
forest lily
forest sand-lily

names: sandlelie sandui

value: geophyte

label: Height

authors: Harv. ex Baker

published_in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 411


slug: veltheimia-capensis

scientific: Veltheimia capensis

authorship: (L.) Redouté

epithet: capensis

preferred: Quarobe

Aletris capensis

authorship: L.

Aletris glauca

authorship: Aiton

Fabricia amoena

authorship: Salisb.

Fabricia glauca

authorship: (Aiton) Salisb.

Veltheimia deasii

authorship: Coutts

Veltheimia glauca

authorship: (Aiton) Jacq.

Veltheimia intermedia

authorship: Sweet

Veltheimia roodeae

authorship: Phillips

Veltheimia traubii

authorship: Moldenke

Veltheimia undulata

authorship: Moench

Veltheimia viridifolia

authorship: Jacq.

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 296 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Quarobe
Cape Sandlily

names: Вельтгеймия капская

source: Wikidata (P1843, CC0) + GBIF vernacular names

authors: (L.) Redouté

published_in: Liliac. [Redouté] 4: t. 193

reason: Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: venegasia-carpesioides

scientific: Venegasia carpesioides

authorship: DC.

genus: Venegasia

epithet: carpesioides

preferred: canyon sunflower

name: Venegasia carpesioides var. carpesioides

codes: CAL MXN

California

code: CAL

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1943 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Andrena sola
Anobiinae
Apis mellifera
Bombus melanopygus
Calephelis nemesis
Cephalosmia
Chlosyne gabbii
Chlosyne gabbii atrifasciata

label: Visited by

partners:
Andrena sola
Bombus melanopygus
Osmia

label: Eaten by

partners:
Bombus melanopygus
Heliopetes ericetorum
Limenitis lorquini
Pieris rapae

value: variable

source: USDA PLANTS, GIFT, Wikidata, EOL TraitBank (via Zenodo) and traits mined from USDA NRCS plant guides

authors: DC.

published_in: Prodr. 6: 43

reason: Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted.


slug: ventenata-dubia

scientific: Ventenata dubia

authorship: (Leers) Coss. & Durieu

genus: Ventenata

epithet: dubia

preferred: Hairgrass

english:
Hairgrass
North Africa grass
North African Grass
Wiregrass

Avena dubia

authorship: Leers

Avena fertilis

authorship: All.

Avena strigosa

authorship: Vogler

Avena triaristata

authorship: Vill.

Festuca tenuis

authorship: Raspail

Gaudinia tenuis

authorship: Trin.

Heteranthus dubius

authorship: (Leers) Thell.

Heteranthus tenuis

authorship: Dumort.

Holcus biaristatus

authorship: Weber

Malya tenuis

authorship: Opiz

Trisetaria tenuis

authorship: Baumg.

Trisetum tenue

authorship: Roem. & Schult.

Ventenata avenacea

authorship: Koeler

Ventenata dubia

authorship: (Leers) Coss.

Ventenata dubia f. violascens

authorship: Soó

Ventenata triflora

authorship: F.W.Schultz ex Nyman

codes: ALG KAZ NCS TCS TUR ALB AUT BUL CZE FRA GER GRC HUN ITA KRY YUG POL POR ROM SAR RUS SPA TUE UKR

Kazakhstan

code: KAZ

region: Central Asia

North Caucasus

code: NCS

region: Caucasus

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

region: Western Asia

Albania

code: ALB

region: Southeastern Europe

Austria

code: AUT

region: Middle Europe

Bulgaria

code: BUL

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

France

code: FRA

Germany

code: GER

Greece

code: GRC

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

Krym

code: KRY

region: Eastern Europe

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

Poland

code: POL

Portugal

code: POR

Romania

code: ROM

Sardegna

code: SAR

South European Russia

code: RUS

Türkiye-in-Europe

code: TUE

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 318 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

source: IUCN Red List category via Wikidata (P141)

names: Вентената сомнительная

names: Вентената сумнівна

partners:
Aiolopus strepens
Aiolopus thalassinus
Epacromius tergestinus
Gryllodes sigillatus

quote: rapidly maturing to a yellowish-tan color

quote: Seed heads are produced May through June

reason: Only 1 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ventenata-macra

scientific: Ventenata macra

authorship: (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Balansa ex Boiss.

epithet: macra

Avena georgica

authorship: Boiss.

Avena macra

authorship: Steven ex M.Bieb.

authorship: Steven

Bromus hohenackeri

authorship: Hochst. ex Griseb.

Gaudinia fragilis

authorship: Szov. ex Ledeb.

Gaudiniopsis macra

authorship: (M.Bieb.) Eig

Gaudiniopsis macra subsp. micropyroides

authorship: (H.Scholz) Ayasligil & Kit Tan

Gaudinopsis macra

authorship: (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Eig

Gaudinopsis macra subsp. antalyensis

authorship: Dogan

Heteranthus macer

authorship: (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Dumort.

Trisetum macrum

authorship: (Steven ex M.Bieb.) P.Beauv.

codes: CYP IRN IRQ LBS NCS TCS TKM TUR GRC KRY

Cyprus

code: CYP

Iran

code: IRN

Iraq

code: IRQ

Lebanon-Syria

code: LBS

North Caucasus

code: NCS

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Turkmenistan

code: TKM

Türkiye

code: TUR

names: Вентената тощая

source: GIFT

value: 1 m

label: Flowering months

value: Apr-Jun

authors: Balansa ex Boiss.

source: IPNI (International Plant Names Index)

reason: Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready.


slug: ventilago-denticulata

scientific: Ventilago denticulata

authorship: Willd.

genus: Ventilago

epithet: denticulata

family: Rhamnaceae

published_in: Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 417 (1801)

Ventilago denticulata var. acuta

authorship: Bhandari & Bhansali

Ventilago macrantha

authorship: Tul.

codes: CHC AND ASS BAN CBD EHM IND LAO MYA NEP THA VIE WHM

China South-Central

code: CHC

region: China

Andaman Is.

code: AND

region: Indo-China

Assam

code: ASS

Bangladesh

code: BAN

Cambodia

code: CBD

East Himalaya

code: EHM

India

code: IND

Laos

code: LAO

Myanmar

code: MYA

Nepal

code: NEP

Thailand

code: THA

Vietnam

code: VIE

West Himalaya

code: WHM

lifeform: liana

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 35 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 密花翼核果 细齿翼核果

partners:
Delias hyparete
Euploea core
Macaca
Tirumala septentrionis

value: vine

value: woody

authors: Willd.

published_in: Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin iii. (1801) 417

reason: No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page.


slug: ventilago-ecorollata

scientific: Ventilago ecorollata

authorship: (F.Muell.) F.Muell.

epithet: ecorollata

Queensland

code: QLD

region: Australia

value: liana

authors: (F.Muell.) F.Muell.

reason: Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all.


slug: ventilago-elegans

scientific: Ventilago elegans

authorship: Hemsl.

epithet: elegans

Taiwan

code: TAI

region: Eastern Asia

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 287 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 台湾翼核果 翼核木

value: perennial

authors: Hemsl.

published_in: Ann. Bot. (Oxford) ix. (1895) 151

reason: Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ventilago-leiocarpa

scientific: Ventilago leiocarpa

authorship: Benth.

epithet: leiocarpa

Smythea nitida

authorship: Merr.

Ventilago leiocarpa var. pubescens

authorship: Y.L.Chen & P.K.Chou

codes: CHC CHS CHH TAI LAO MYA THA VIE

China Southeast

code: CHS

Hainan

code: CHH

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 212 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 光果翼核木 翼核果

authors: Benth.

published_in: J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 77

reason: No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name.

reason: Only 4 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: ventilago-pubiflora

scientific: Ventilago pubiflora

epithet: pubiflora

published_in: Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 50: 71 (1938 publ. 1939)

published_in: Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 50: 71

reason: Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county.

reason: Only 0 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one.


slug: vepris-arenicola

scientific: Vepris arenicola

genus: Vepris

epithet: arenicola

family: Rutaceae

published_in: Mém. Acad. Sci. Inst. France, sér. 2, 67(3): 20 (1948)

Madagascar

code: MDG

region: Western Indian Ocean

iucn_category: VU

label: Vulnerable

value: tree

published_in: Mem. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. 2, lxvii. No. 3, 20 (1948)


slug: vepris-bachmannii

scientific: Vepris bachmannii

authorship: (Engl.) Mziray

epithet: bachmannii

Fagara bachmannii

authorship: Engl.

Oricia bachmannii

authorship: (Engl.) I.Verd.

Oricia swynnertonii

authorship: (Baker f.) I.Verd.

Teclea swynnertonii

authorship: Baker f.

codes: CPP SWZ NAT MLW MOZ TVL ZAM ZIM

Cape Provinces

code: CPP

Eswatini

code: SWZ

KwaZulu-Natal

code: NAT

Malawi

code: MLW

Mozambique

code: MOZ

Northern Provinces

code: TVL

Zambia

code: ZAM

Zimbabwe

code: ZIM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 31 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

partners:
Papilio demodocus
Papilio dardanus
Papilio nireus

authors: (Engl.) Mziray


slug: vepris-lanceolata

scientific: Vepris lanceolata

authorship: (Lam.) G.Don

epithet: lanceolata

Asaphes undulata

authorship: DC.

Boscia undulata

authorship: Thunb.

Cranzia lanceolata

authorship: Kuntze

Cranzia paniculata

authorship: (Lam.) Kuntze

Duncania undulata

authorship: Rchb. ex Steud.

Myrica trifoliata

authorship: L.

Scopolia lanceolata

authorship: (Lam.) F.Dietr.

Scopolia paniculata

authorship: Spreng.

Toddalia inermis

authorship: Pers.

Toddalia lanceolata

authorship: Lam.

Toddalia trifoliata

authorship: Druce

Vepris paniculata

authorship: (Lam.) Engl.

Vepris querimbensis

authorship: Klotzsch

Vepris undulata

authorship: (Thunb.) I.Verd. & C.A.Sm.

Zanthoxylum undulatum

authorship: Wall.

codes: CPP KEN NAT MAU MOZ TVL ROD REU TAN

Kenya

code: KEN

region: East Tropical Africa

Mauritius

code: MAU

Rodrigues

code: ROD

Réunion

code: REU

Tanzania

code: TAN

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 830 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
Bois patte poule piquant
white ironwood

names: Vépride lancéolé, Patte poule, Bois de patte de poule, Bois Guillaume, Bois patte de poule, Bois patte poule, Bois Saint-Leu, Grand patte poule, Patte de poule, Patte de poulet, Patte poule effort, Pied de poule

names:
umn- gamazwele
umngamazele

names: Umzane isutha

partners:
Andropadus importunus
Chlorocichla flaviventris
Pogoniulus bilineatus
Unidentified sp1 M_SD_008
Zosterops pallidus

partners:
Amblyospiza albifrons
Andropadus importunus
Bycanistes bucinator
Chlorocichla flaviventris
Colius striatus
Columba arquatrix
Crithagra mozambica
Hedydipna collaris

value: 5 m

label: Leaf retention

value: evergreen


slug: vepris-natalensis

scientific: Vepris natalensis

authorship: (Sond.) Mziray

epithet: natalensis

Cranzia natalensis

authorship: (Sond.) Kuntze

Teclea natalensis

authorship: (Sond.) Engl.

Toddalia natalensis

authorship: Sond.

codes: CPP SWZ NAT TVL

names: Natal-kersielemoen baster-witysterhout

names: umgani umsingomzane

partners:
Papilio dardanus
Papilio demodocus
Papilio nireus

value: 8 m

value: drupe

authors: (Sond.) Mziray


slug: vepris-reflexa

scientific: Vepris reflexa

epithet: reflexa

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 398 (1926)

preferred: bushveld white-ironwood

english:
bushveld white-ironwood
woodland white-ironwood

codes: BOT SWZ NAT MOZ TVL ZIM

Botswana

code: BOT

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 99 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

value: 6 m

published_in: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926(9): 398


slug: vepris-trichocarpa

scientific: Vepris trichocarpa

authorship: (Engl.) Mziray

epithet: trichocarpa

Teclea angustialata

authorship: Engl.

Teclea engleriana

authorship: De Wild.

Teclea fischeri

authorship: (Engl.) Engl.

codes: CPP ZAI SWZ KEN NAT MLW MOZ RWA TAN UGA ZAM ZIM

DR Congo

code: ZAI

region: West-Central Tropical Africa

Rwanda

code: RWA

Uganda

code: UGA

names:
Flaky-Barked Cherry-Orange
Inzanyana

partners:
Papilio dardanus
Papilio rex


slug: veratrum-album

scientific: Veratrum album

authorship: L.

genus: Veratrum

epithet: album

family: Melanthiaceae

preferred: White False-helleborine

english:
European white hellebore
European white-hellebore
White False-helleborine
false helleborine
white false hellebore
white hellebore
white veratrum
white-hellebore

Helleborus albus

authorship: (L.) Gueldenst.

Melanthium album

authorship: (L.) Thunb.

Melanthium bracteolare

authorship: Desr.

Melanthium virens

authorship: Thunb.

Veratrum album f. glabrescens

authorship: (Zapał.) Soó

Veratrum album f. viridiflorum

authorship: (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Wimm. & Grab.

Veratrum album subsp. albicans

authorship: Gaudin

Veratrum album subsp. misae

authorship: (Širj.) Tzvelev

Veratrum album var. albiflorum

authorship: Lange

Veratrum album var. bosniacum

authorship: (Beck) Nyman

Veratrum album var. croaticum

authorship: Beck

Veratrum album var. flavum

authorship: Griseb.

Veratrum album var. lobelianum

authorship: (Bernh.) Rchb.

Veratrum album var. misae

authorship: Širj.

Veratrum album var. viride

authorship: Lapeyr.

Veratrum album var. viridiflorum

authorship: Mert. & W.D.J.Koch

Veratrum croaticum

authorship: (Beck) O.Loes.

Veratrum flavum

authorship: (Griseb.) O.Loes.

Veratrum lobelianum f. oppositifolium

authorship: Cheshm.

Veratrum lobelianum subsp. misae

authorship: (Širj.) Šourková

Veratrum lobelianum var. glabrescens

authorship: Zapał.

Veratrum lobelianum var. misae

authorship: (Širj.) O.Loes.

Veratrum parviflorum

authorship: Bong.

Veratrum polygamum

authorship: Gilib.

Veratrum viride

authorship: Röhl.

codes: KRA MAG TCS TUR WSB YAK ALB AUT BLT BLR RUC CZE RUE FIN FRA GER HUN ITA YUG RUN NOR POL POR ROM RUS SPA SWI UKR

Krasnoyarsk

code: KRA

region: Siberia

Magadan

code: MAG

region: Russian Far East

Transcaucasus

code: TCS

Türkiye

code: TUR

West Siberia

code: WSB

Yakutiya

code: YAK

Albania

code: ALB

Austria

code: AUT

Baltic States

code: BLT

Belarus

code: BLR

Central European Russia

code: RUC

Czechia-Slovakia

code: CZE

East European Russia

code: RUE

Finland

code: FIN

region: Northern Europe

France

code: FRA

region: Southwestern Europe

Germany

code: GER

Hungary

code: HUN

Italy

code: ITA

NW. Balkan Pen.

code: YUG

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1989 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

Beta-sitosterol

activities:
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic
Antiadenomic
Antiandrogenic
Antibacterial
Anticancer (Breast)
Anticancer (Cervix)

Solanidine

activities: Anticholinesterase Antifeedant Pesticide Teratogenic Toxic

names:
White False-helleborine
European white-hellebore

names:
čemerica belaja
Чемерица белая

names: وراتروم آلبوم

names: Чемериця біла

partners:
Episyrphus balteatus
Lycaena hypophlaeas
Typocerus velutinus

partners:
Acanthis flammea
Agapanthia villosoviridescens
Alauda arvensis
Alectoris graeca
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Aphis fabae
Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis


slug: veratrum-californicum

scientific: Veratrum californicum

authorship: Durand

epithet: californicum

published_in: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, 3: 103 (1855)

preferred: Corn Lily

english:
Corn Lily
California false hellebore

source: inat

Veratrum album var. californicum

authorship: Wawra

Veratrum eschcholtzii var. watsonii

authorship: Baker

Veratrum speciosum

authorship: Rydb.

codes: ARI CAL COL IDA MXE MXN NEV NWM ORE WAS WYO

Arizona

code: ARI

region: Southwestern U.S.A.

California

code: CAL

Colorado

code: COL

region: Northwestern U.S.A.

Idaho

code: IDA

Mexico Northeast

code: MXE

region: Mexico

Mexico Northwest

code: MXN

Nevada

code: NEV

New Mexico

code: NWM

region: South-Central U.S.A.

Oregon

code: ORE

Washington

code: WAS

Wyoming

code: WYO

lifeform: perennial or rhizomatous geophyte

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1970 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names:
California false hellebore
California Corn Lily

names: Чемерица калифорнийская

label: Pollinated by

partners:
Bombus insularis
Bombus nevadensis
Bombus rufocinctus
Bombus vosnesenskii
Lasioglossum

partners:
Aphis
Xestia smithii

value: herb

source: USDA PLANTS

source: EOL TraitBank / USDA PLANTS

value: non-woody

label: Growth form

value: Rhizomatous

label: Growth rate

value: rapid

iNaturalist

note: photographs, flowering annotations and the common name, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only


slug: veratrum-dahuricum

scientific: Veratrum dahuricum

authorship: (Turcz.) O.Loes.

epithet: dahuricum

published_in: Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 68: 134 (1926)

Veratrum album f. dahuricum

authorship: (Turcz.) Regel

Veratrum album var. dahuricum

authorship: Turcz.

codes: AMU BRY CTA CHI IRK KHA KOR CHM PRM

Amur

code: AMU

Buryatiya

code: BRY

Chita

code: CTA

Inner Mongolia

code: CHI

Irkutsk

code: IRK

Khabarovsk

code: KHA

Korea

code: KOR

Manchuria

code: CHM

Primorye

code: PRM

method: Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 79 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.

names: 兴安藜芦 藜芦

names: Чемерица даурская

label: Growth habit

label: Woodiness

value: geophyte

value: Jul-Aug

authors: (Turcz.) O.Loes.