When does Carolina horsenettle bloom in Illinois?

Most often in June. Across 151 dated, research-grade observations of Solanum carolinense in Illinois, the flowering season runs roughly June to August.

Peak June In flower 151 Examined 239 State Illinois

Flowering 151 in flower of 239 examined

93%

91%

79%

26%

Proportion of examined Solanum carolinense in Illinois in flower, by month
Month	In flower	Examined	Share	95% interval
Jan	0	5	0%	0% to 43%
Feb	0	2	too few examined
Mar	0	10	0%	0% to 28%
Apr	0	12	0%	0% to 24%
May	3	3	too few examined
Jun	50	54	93%	82% to 97%
Jul	61	67	91%	82% to 96%
Aug	30	38	79%	64% to 89%
Sep	6	23	26%	13% to 46%
Oct	1	15	7%	1% to 30%
Nov	0	4	too few examined
Dec	0	6	0%	0% to 39%

Peak flowering in Jun. Each bar is the share of Solanum carolinense in Illinois observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 151 of 239 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 3 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.wt38fd.

What this is, and what it is not

This is a record of when people in Illinois found Solanum carolinense in flower, not a forecast. It is computed only from observations made in Illinois, so it is not the species’ global average dragged onto a map: the same plant flowers on different dates in different places, and that is the entire point of the page.

It will not tell you what your particular plant will do this year. Bloom time moves with the season, with altitude, and with the weather, and a warm February pulls everything forward. We publish the distribution and the sample size, and we refuse to draw a month that too few people examined.

The plant

Solanum carolinense

Carolina horsenettle

Sourcesevery claim on this page

GBIF (iNaturalist Research-grade Observations). Dated flowering annotations in Illinois. Every record achieved iNaturalist quality grade Research, which is applied upstream at export. 10.15468/dl.wt38fd. Retrieved 2026-07-14.
World Flora Online Plant List. The accepted name. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.